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Śmiłowska K, Pietrzykowski T, Owczarek AJ, Dorsey ER, Bloem BR, van Wamelen DJ. The Prevalence of Parkinson's Disease in Poland: Regional and Sex-Related Differences. JOURNAL OF PARKINSON'S DISEASE 2024; 14:521-532. [PMID: 38457147 DOI: 10.3233/jpd-230291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Background Given the growing evidence for an environmental contribution to the etiology of Parkinson's disease (PD), searching for local and regional differences in PD prevalence in multiple areas across the world may further clarify the role of environmental toxins. Objective To provide local and regional prevalence estimates of PD in Poland. Methods We analyzed the prevalence of PD and its trend over the last decade (2010 to 2019) based on data from the National Health Fund in Poland. We specifically examined sex differences in PD prevalence, as well as differences across Polish regions. Results During the above period, the prevalence of PD in Poland increased from 226 per 100,000 to 269 per 100,000 inhabitants. Unexpectedly, we found that PD was 1.2-times more common in women than men. The increase in prevalence over the past decade was different between both sexes: an increase from 250 to 283 per 100,000 for women (13.3% increase), and from 200 to 254 per 100,000 for men (27.1% increase). In addition, we observed differences in prevalence across different Polish regions, with some regions having up to 51% lower prevalence rates than others. Conclusions The prevalence of PD in Poland is in line with previously reported prevalence rates across Europe. However, unlike the situation in most of the world, PD was more prevalent in women than men. We discuss several possible explanations as well as potential measures that might help to reduce the growth of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Śmiłowska
- Department of Neurology, 5th Regional Hospital in Sosnowiec, Poland
- Department of Neurology Centre of Expertise for Parkinson and Movement Disorders, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Tomasz Pietrzykowski
- Faculty of Law and Administration, Research Centre for Public Policy and Regulatory Governance, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - Aleksander J Owczarek
- Department of Pathophysiology, Health Promotion and Obesity Management Unit,Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - E Ray Dorsey
- Center for Health + Technology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Bastiaan R Bloem
- Department of Neurology Centre of Expertise for Parkinson and Movement Disorders, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Daniel J van Wamelen
- Department of Neurology Centre of Expertise for Parkinson and Movement Disorders, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- Parkinson's Foundation Center of Excellence, King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London, UK
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2
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Alizadeh P, Terroba-Chambi C, Achen B, Bruno V. Pain in monogenic Parkinson's disease: a comprehensive review. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1248828. [PMID: 38020640 PMCID: PMC10643218 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1248828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Pain, a challenging symptom experienced by individuals diagnosed with Parkinson's disease (PD), still lacks a comprehensive understanding of its underlying pathophysiological mechanisms. A systematic investigation of its prevalence and impact on the quality of life in patients affected by monogenic forms of PD has yet to be undertaken. This comprehensive review aims to provide an overview of the association between pain and monogenic forms of PD, specifically focusing on pathogenic variants in SNCA, PRKN, PINK1, PARK7, LRRK2, GBA1, VPS35, ATP13A2, DNAJC6, FBXO7, and SYNJ1. Sixty-three articles discussing pain associated with monogenic PD were identified and analyzed. The included studies exhibited significant heterogeneity in design, sample size, and pain outcome measures. Nonetheless, the findings of this review suggest that patients with monogenic PD may experience specific types of pain depending on the pathogenic variant present, distinguishing them from non-carriers. For instance, individuals with SNCA pathogenic variants have reported painful dystonia, lower extremity pain, dorsal pain, and upper back pain. However, these observations are primarily based on case reports with unclear prevalence. Painful lower limb dystonia and lower back pain are prominent symptoms in PRKN carriers. A continual correlation has been noted between LRRK2 mutations and the emergence of pain, though the conflicting research outcomes pose challenges in reaching definitive conclusions. Individuals with PINK1 mutation carriers also frequently report experiencing pain. Pain has been frequently reported as an initial symptom and the most troublesome one in GBA1-PD patients compared to those with idiopathic PD. The evidence regarding pain in ATP13A2, PARK7, VPS35, DNAJC6, FBXO7, and SYNJ1pathogenic variants is limited and insufficient. The potential linkage between genetic profiles and pain outcomes holds promising clinical implications, allowing for the potential stratification of patients in clinical trials and the development of personalized treatments for pain in monogenic PD. In conclusion, this review underscores the need for further research to unravel the intricate relationship between pain and monogenic forms of PD. Standardized methodologies, larger sample sizes, and longitudinal studies are essential to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and develop targeted therapeutic interventions for pain management in individuals with monogenic PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parisa Alizadeh
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | | | - Beatrice Achen
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Veronica Bruno
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Calgary, AB, Canada
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3
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Travaglio M, Michopoulos F, Yu Y, Popovic R, Foster E, Coen M, Martins LM. Increased cysteine metabolism in PINK1 models of Parkinson's disease. Dis Model Mech 2023; 16:286748. [PMID: 36695500 PMCID: PMC9903142 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.049727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD), an age-dependent neurodegenerative disease, is characterised by the selective loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra (SN). Mitochondrial dysfunction is a hallmark of PD, and mutations in PINK1, a gene necessary for mitochondrial fitness, cause PD. Drosophila melanogaster flies with pink1 mutations exhibit mitochondrial defects and dopaminergic cell loss and are used as a PD model. To gain an integrated view of the cellular changes caused by defects in the PINK1 pathway of mitochondrial quality control, we combined metabolomics and transcriptomics analysis in pink1-mutant flies with human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived neural precursor cells (NPCs) with a PINK1 mutation. We observed alterations in cysteine metabolism in both the fly and human PD models. Mitochondrial dysfunction in the NPCs resulted in changes in several metabolites that are linked to cysteine synthesis and increased glutathione levels. We conclude that alterations in cysteine metabolism may compensate for increased oxidative stress in PD, revealing a unifying mechanism of early-stage PD pathology that may be targeted for drug development. This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Travaglio
- MRC Toxicology Unit, University of Cambridge, Gleeson Building, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QR, UK,Oncology Safety, Clinical Pharmacology & Safety Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Yizhou Yu
- MRC Toxicology Unit, University of Cambridge, Gleeson Building, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QR, UK
| | - Rebeka Popovic
- MRC Toxicology Unit, University of Cambridge, Gleeson Building, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QR, UK
| | - Edmund Foster
- Neuroscience Safety, Clinical Pharmacology & Safety Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Muireann Coen
- Oncology Safety, Clinical Pharmacology & Safety Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK,Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - L. Miguel Martins
- MRC Toxicology Unit, University of Cambridge, Gleeson Building, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QR, UK,Author for correspondence ()
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4
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Cristina TP, Pablo M, Teresa PM, Lydia VD, Irene AR, Araceli AC, Inmaculada BB, Marta BT, Dolores BR, José CAM, Rocío GR, José GRP, Ismael HF, Silvia J, Labrador MAE, Lydia LM, Carlos MCJ, Posada IJ, Ana RS, Cristina RH, Javier DV, Gómez-Garre P. A genetic analysis of a Spanish population with early onset Parkinson's disease. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0238098. [PMID: 32870915 PMCID: PMC7462269 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0238098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Both recessive and dominant genetic forms of Parkinson’s disease have been described. The aim of this study was to assess the contribution of several genes to the pathophysiology of early onset Parkinson’s disease in a cohort from central Spain. Methods/patients We analyzed a cohort of 117 unrelated patients with early onset Parkinson’s disease using a pipeline, based on a combination of a next-generation sequencing panel of 17 genes previously related with Parkinson’s disease and other Parkinsonisms and CNV screening. Results Twenty-six patients (22.22%) carried likely pathogenic variants in PARK2, LRRK2, PINK1, or GBA. The gene most frequently mutated was PARK2, and p.Asn52Metfs*29 was the most common variation in this gene. Pathogenic variants were not observed in genes SNCA, FBXO7, PARK7, HTRA2, DNAJC6, PLA2G6, and UCHL1. Co-occurrence of pathogenic variants involving two genes was observed in ATP13A2 and PARK2 genes, as well as LRRK2 and GIGYF2 genes. Conclusions Our results contribute to the understanding of the genetic architecture associated with early onset Parkinson’s disease, showing both PARK2 and LRRK2 play an important role in Spanish Parkinson’s disease patients. Rare variants in ATP13A2 and GIGYF2 may contribute to PD risk. However, a large proportion of genetic components remains unknown. This study might contribute to genetic diagnosis and counseling for families with early onset Parkinson’s disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tejera-Parrado Cristina
- Unidad de Trastornos del Movimiento, Servicio de Neurología y Neurofisiología, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | - Mir Pablo
- Unidad de Trastornos del Movimiento, Servicio de Neurología y Neurofisiología, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
- * E-mail: (PG-G); (MP)
| | - Periñán María Teresa
- Unidad de Trastornos del Movimiento, Servicio de Neurología y Neurofisiología, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Abreu-Rodríguez Irene
- Unidad de Trastornos del Movimiento, Servicio de Neurología y Neurofisiología, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | | | - Bernal-Bernal Inmaculada
- Unidad de Trastornos del Movimiento, Servicio de Neurología y Neurofisiología, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | - Bonilla-Toribio Marta
- Unidad de Trastornos del Movimiento, Servicio de Neurología y Neurofisiología, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | - Buiza-Rueda Dolores
- Unidad de Trastornos del Movimiento, Servicio de Neurología y Neurofisiología, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Huertas-Fernández Ismael
- Unidad de Trastornos del Movimiento, Servicio de Neurología y Neurofisiología, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | - Jesús Silvia
- Unidad de Trastornos del Movimiento, Servicio de Neurología y Neurofisiología, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel A-Espinosa Labrador
- Unidad de Trastornos del Movimiento, Servicio de Neurología y Neurofisiología, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Ignacio J. Posada
- Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Del Val Javier
- Servicio de Neurología, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar Gómez-Garre
- Unidad de Trastornos del Movimiento, Servicio de Neurología y Neurofisiología, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
- * E-mail: (PG-G); (MP)
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Palasz E, Niewiadomski W, Gasiorowska A, Wysocka A, Stepniewska A, Niewiadomska G. Exercise-Induced Neuroprotection and Recovery of Motor Function in Animal Models of Parkinson's Disease. Front Neurol 2019; 10:1143. [PMID: 31736859 PMCID: PMC6838750 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2019.01143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is manifested by progressive motor, autonomic, and cognitive disturbances. Dopamine (DA) synthesizing neurons in the substantia nigra (SN) degenerate, causing a decline in DA level in the striatum that leads to the characteristic movement disorders. A disease-modifying therapy to arrest PD progression remains unattainable with current pharmacotherapies, most of which cause severe side effects and lose their efficacy with time. For this reason, there is a need to seek new therapies supporting the pharmacological treatment of PD. Motor therapy is recommended for pharmacologically treated PD patients as it alleviates the symptoms. Molecular mechanisms behind the beneficial effects of motor therapy are unknown, nor is it known whether such therapy may be neuroprotective in PD patients. Due to obvious limitations, human studies are unlikely to answer these questions; therefore, the use of animal models of PD seems indispensable. Motor therapy in animal models of PD characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons has neuroprotective and neuroregenerative effects, and the completeness of neuronal protection may depend on (i) degree of neuronal loss, (ii) duration and intensity of exercise, and (iii) time elapsed between insult and commencing of training. As the physical activity is neuroprotective for dopaminergic neurons, the question arises what is the mechanism of this protective action. A current hypothesis assumes a central role of neurotrophic factors in the neuroprotection of dopaminergic neurons, even though it is still not clear whether increased DA level in the nigrostriatal axis results from neurogenesis of dopaminergic neurons in the SN, recovery of the phenotype of dopaminergic neurons, increased sprouting of the residual dopaminergic axons in the striatum, or generation of local striatal neurons from inhibitory interneurons. In the present review, we discuss studies describing the influence of physical exercise on the PD-like changes manifested in animal models of the disease and focus our interest on the current state of knowledge on the mechanism of neuroprotection induced by physical activity as a supportive therapy in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewelina Palasz
- Neurobiology Center, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Science, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Wiktor Niewiadomski
- Department of Applied Physiology, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Gasiorowska
- Neurobiology Center, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Science, Warsaw, Poland.,Department of Applied Physiology, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Adrianna Wysocka
- Neurobiology Center, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Science, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Stepniewska
- Department of Applied Physiology, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Grazyna Niewiadomska
- Neurobiology Center, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Science, Warsaw, Poland
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6
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Mingina T, Zhao M. Role of PARK7 and NDKA in stroke management: a review of PARK7 and NDKA as stroke biomarkers. Biomark Med 2018; 12:419-425. [PMID: 29697269 DOI: 10.2217/bmm-2018-0013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Biomarkers are molecules measured in plasma, serum or other body fluids to characterize a disease. PARK7 and NDKA roles in the management of stroke are still on study. Therefore, their potentials need to be developed in totality. The aim of this review is to demonstrate that PARK7 and NDKA could present more clinical important information as biomarkers for management of stroke disease. Main contents: Four main aspects of PARK7 and NDKA are exploited in this review. First, their diagnostic value is discussed in order to demonstrate their possible role as stroke diagnosis markers. Second, this article will exploit the correlation of both markers with time, by showing their dynamic changes in serum and plasma. Third, it describes the observed relationship of their levels with NIH Stroke Scale. The last aspect visits the possibility of their implementation in stroke therapy. CONCLUSION This article explores recent findings and proposes the potential roles that PARK7 and NDKA play in the management of acute stroke disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tulantched Mingina
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 11004, PR China
| | - Min Zhao
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 11004, PR China
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7
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Wang P, Guo Y, Song C, Liu Y, Deng H. PINK1 p.K520RfsX3 mutation identified in a Chinese family with early-onset Parkinson's disease. Neurosci Lett 2018; 676:98-102. [PMID: 29655942 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2018.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2018] [Revised: 04/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) features selective loss of dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra pars compacta accompanied by the accumulation and aggregation of alpha-synuclein in Lewy bodies. PTEN induced putative kinase 1 gene (PINK1) mutations are the second most common genetic cause of autosomal recessive early-onset Parkinson's disease (EOPD). A single nucleotide deletion in PINK1 exon 8 (c.1557delG) was identified in a consanguineous Chinese family with EOPD. The homozygous deletion was co-segregated with disease in the family and resulted in a frameshift after codon 520 with a premature termination at codon 522 (p.K520RfsX3). These findings have significant implications on genetic counseling for the family and may be helpful in considering potential pathogenesis-targeted and disease-modifying strategies which should further improve patient quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Wang
- Center for Experimental Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yi Guo
- Center for Experimental Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; Department of Neurology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; Information Security and Big Data Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chengyuan Song
- Department of Neurology, The Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yiming Liu
- Department of Neurology, The Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
| | - Hao Deng
- Center for Experimental Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; Department of Neurology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
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8
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Ando M, Fiesel FC, Hudec R, Caulfield TR, Ogaki K, Górka-Skoczylas P, Koziorowski D, Friedman A, Chen L, Dawson VL, Dawson TM, Bu G, Ross OA, Wszolek ZK, Springer W. The PINK1 p.I368N mutation affects protein stability and ubiquitin kinase activity. Mol Neurodegener 2017; 12:32. [PMID: 28438176 PMCID: PMC5404317 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-017-0174-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Accepted: 04/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Mutations in PINK1 and PARKIN are the most common causes of recessive early-onset Parkinson’s disease (EOPD). Together, the mitochondrial ubiquitin (Ub) kinase PINK1 and the cytosolic E3 Ub ligase PARKIN direct a complex regulated, sequential mitochondrial quality control. Thereby, damaged mitochondria are identified and targeted to degradation in order to prevent their accumulation and eventually cell death. Homozygous or compound heterozygous loss of either gene function disrupts this protective pathway, though at different steps and by distinct mechanisms. While structure and function of PARKIN variants have been well studied, PINK1 mutations remain poorly characterized, in particular under endogenous conditions. A better understanding of the exact molecular pathogenic mechanisms underlying the pathogenicity is crucial for rational drug design in the future. Methods Here, we characterized the pathogenicity of the PINK1 p.I368N mutation on the clinical and genetic as well as on the structural and functional level in patients’ fibroblasts and in cell-based, biochemical assays. Results Under endogenous conditions, PINK1 p.I368N is expressed, imported, and N-terminally processed in healthy mitochondria similar to PINK1 wild type (WT). Upon mitochondrial damage, however, full-length PINK1 p.I368N is not sufficiently stabilized on the outer mitochondrial membrane (OMM) resulting in loss of mitochondrial quality control. We found that binding of PINK1 p.I368N to the co-chaperone complex HSP90/CDC37 is reduced and stress-induced interaction with TOM40 of the mitochondrial protein import machinery is abolished. Analysis of a structural PINK1 p.I368N model additionally suggested impairments of Ub kinase activity as the ATP-binding pocket was found deformed and the substrate Ub was slightly misaligned within the active site of the kinase. Functional assays confirmed the lack of Ub kinase activity. Conclusions Here we demonstrated that mutant PINK1 p.I368N can not be stabilized on the OMM upon mitochondrial stress and due to conformational changes in the active site does not exert kinase activity towards Ub. In patients’ fibroblasts, biochemical assays and by structural analyses, we unraveled two pathomechanisms that lead to loss of function upon mutation of p.I368N and highlight potential strategies for future drug development. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13024-017-0174-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya Ando
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | - Fabienne C Fiesel
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA.,Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | - Roman Hudec
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | - Thomas R Caulfield
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA.,Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | - Kotaro Ogaki
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | - Paulina Górka-Skoczylas
- Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Mother and Child, Warsaw, Poland.,Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, Warsaw University, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Dariusz Koziorowski
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Health Science, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Andrzej Friedman
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Health Science, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Li Chen
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.,Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.,Adrienne Helis Malvin Medical Research Foundation, New Orleans, LA, 70130-2685, USA
| | - Valina L Dawson
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.,Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.,Adrienne Helis Malvin Medical Research Foundation, New Orleans, LA, 70130-2685, USA.,Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.,Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Ted M Dawson
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.,Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.,Adrienne Helis Malvin Medical Research Foundation, New Orleans, LA, 70130-2685, USA.,Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.,Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Guojun Bu
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA.,Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | - Owen A Ross
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA.,Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | | | - Wolfdieter Springer
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA. .,Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA.
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9
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Kasten M, Marras C, Klein C. Nonmotor Signs in Genetic Forms of Parkinson's Disease. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF NEUROBIOLOGY 2017; 133:129-178. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.irn.2017.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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10
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Ambroziak W, Koziorowski D, Duszyc K, Górka-Skoczylas P, Potulska-Chromik A, Sławek J, Hoffman-Zacharska D. Genomic instability in the PARK2 locus is associated with Parkinson's disease. J Appl Genet 2015; 56:451-461. [PMID: 25833766 PMCID: PMC4617850 DOI: 10.1007/s13353-015-0282-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2014] [Revised: 03/05/2015] [Accepted: 03/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder affecting mostly elderly people, although there is a group of patients developing so-called early-onset PD (EOPD). Mutations in the PARK2 gene are a common cause of autosomal recessive EOPD. PARK2 belongs to the family of extremely large human genes which are often localised in genomic common fragile sites (CFSs) and exhibit gross instability. PARK2 is located in the centre of FRA6E, the third most mutation-susceptible CFS of the human genome. The gene encompasses a region of 1.3 Mbp and, among its mutations, large rearrangements of single or multiple exons account for around 50 %. We performed an analysis of the PARK2 gene in a group of 344 PD patients with EOPD and classical form of the disease. Copy number changes were first identified using multiplex ligation probe amplification (MLPA), with their ranges characterised by array comparative genomic hybridisation (aCGH). Exact breakpoints were mapped using direct sequencing. Rearrangements were found in eight subjects, including five deletions and three duplications. Rearrangements were mostly non-recurrent and no repetitive sequences or extended homologies were identified in the regions flanking breakpoint junctions. However, in most cases, 1–3 bp microhomologies were present, strongly suggesting that microhomology-mediated mechanisms, specifically non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) and fork stalling and template switching (FoSTeS)/microhomology-mediated break-induced replication (MMBIR), are predominantly involved in the rearrangement processes in this genomic region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech Ambroziak
- Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Mother and Child, Kasprzaka 17A, 01-211, Warsaw, Poland.,Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Pawińskiego 5a, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Dariusz Koziorowski
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Heath Science, Medical University of Warsaw, Kondratowicza 8, 03-242, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Kinga Duszyc
- Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Mother and Child, Kasprzaka 17A, 01-211, Warsaw, Poland.,Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Pawińskiego 5a, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Paulina Górka-Skoczylas
- Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Pawińskiego 5a, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Potulska-Chromik
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1, 02-097, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jarosław Sławek
- Department of Neurological and Psychiatric Nursing, Medical University of Gdańsk, Dębinki 7, 80-952, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Dorota Hoffman-Zacharska
- Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Mother and Child, Kasprzaka 17A, 01-211, Warsaw, Poland. .,Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Pawińskiego 5a, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland.
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Siuda J, Jasinska-Myga B, Boczarska-Jedynak M, Opala G, Fiesel FC, Moussaud-Lamodière EL, Scarffe LA, Dawson VL, Ross OA, Springer W, Dawson TM, Wszolek ZK. Early-onset Parkinson's disease due to PINK1 p.Q456X mutation--clinical and functional study. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2014; 20:1274-8. [PMID: 25226871 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2014.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2014] [Revised: 08/22/2014] [Accepted: 08/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recessive mutations in the PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1) gene cause early-onset Parkinson's disease (EOPD). The clinical phenotype of families that have this PINK1-associated disease may present with different symptoms, including typical PD. The loss of the PINK1 protein may lead to mitochondrial dysfunction, which causes dopaminergic neuron death. METHODS The clinical phenotypes of a large Polish family with EOPD and an identified PINK1 homozygous nonsense mutation were assessed. Ubiquitination and degradation of mitochondrial parkin substrates as well as mitochondrial bioenergetics were investigated as direct functional readouts for PINK1's kinase activity in biopsied dermal fibroblasts. RESULTS A four-generation family was genealogically evaluated. Genetic screening identified two affected subjects who were both homozygous carriers of the pathogenic PINK1 p.Q456X substitution. Both patients presented with dystonia and gait disorders at symptom onset. Seven heterozygous mutation carriers remained unaffected. Functional studies revealed that the PINK1 p.Q456X protein is non-functional in activating the downstream ubiquitin ligase parkin and priming the ubiquitination of its substrates, and that the RNA levels of PINK1 were significantly reduced. CONCLUSIONS The PINK1 p.Q456X mutation leads to a decrease in mRNA and a loss of protein function. The foot dystonia and gait disorders seen at disease onset in affected members of our family, which were accompanied by parkinsonism had a similar clinical presentation to what has been described in previous reports of PINK1 mutation carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Siuda
- Department of Neurology, Silesian Medical University, Katowice, Poland; Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | | | | | - Grzegorz Opala
- Department of Neurology, Silesian Medical University, Katowice, Poland
| | | | | | - Leslie A Scarffe
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns, Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Valina L Dawson
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns, Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Adrienne Helis Malvin Medical Research Foundation, New Orleans, LA 70130-2685, USA
| | - Owen A Ross
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | | | - Ted M Dawson
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns, Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Adrienne Helis Malvin Medical Research Foundation, New Orleans, LA 70130-2685, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
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12
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Luo Q, Yang X, Yao Y, Li H, Wang Y. T313M polymorphism of the PINK1 gene in Parkinson's disease. Exp Ther Med 2014; 8:286-290. [PMID: 24944636 PMCID: PMC4061194 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2014.1702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2013] [Accepted: 03/31/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the association between T313M polymorphism at exon 4 of the PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1) gene and Parkinson’s disease (PD) in the Uygur and Han populations of Xinjiang, China. Genetic DNA was extracted from 364 patients with PD from the Uygur and Han populations, as well as 346 normal control patients. Four exons of the PINK1 gene were amplified using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The exons were then digested for restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. Gene types and allele frequencies were identified using agarose gel electrophoresis followed by DNA sequencing to analyze the T313M polymorphisms. In the Han population, T313M polymorphism allele frequency was observed to be significantly different between the PD group and the control group (χ2=6.247; P<0.05). Significant differences were observed in in the T313M allele and genotype frequencies between the Uygur and Han populations (χ2=5.475 and χ2=10.950, respectively; P<0.05). Polymorphisms in the PINK1 T313M mutation may be associated with genetic susceptibility to PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Luo
- Department of VIP Integrated Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830054, P.R. China
| | - Xinling Yang
- Department of VIP Integrated Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830054, P.R. China
| | - Yani Yao
- Department of VIP Integrated Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830054, P.R. China
| | - Hongjuan Li
- Department of Rehabilitation, The People's Hospital of Wenling, Wenling, Zhejiang 317500, P.R. China
| | - Yuling Wang
- Department of VIP Integrated Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830054, P.R. China
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