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Davis PJ, Lin HY, Hercbergs A, Keating KA, Mousa SA. Possible Contributions of Nongenomic Actions of Thyroid Hormones to the Vasculopathic Complex of COVID-19 Infection. Endocr Res 2022; 47:39-44. [PMID: 34775877 DOI: 10.1080/07435800.2021.1972307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Integrin αvβ3 is a cell membrane structural protein whose extracellular domain contains a receptor for L-thyroxine (T4). The integrin is expressed in rapidly dividing cells and its internalization is prompted by T4. The protein binds viruses and we have raised the possibility elsewhere that action of free T4 (FT4)-when he latter is increased in the nonthyroidal illness syndrome (NTIS) known to complicate COVID-19 infecction-may enhance cellular uptke of SARS-CoV-2 and its receptor. OBJECTIVE Because T4 also acts nongenomically via the integrin to promote platelet aggregation and angiogenesis, we suggest here that T4 may contribute to the coagulopathy and endothelial abnormalities that can develop in COVID-19 infections, particularly when the lung is primary affected. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS Elevated FT4 has been described in the NTIS of COVID-19 patients and may be associated with increased illness severity, but the finding of FT4 elevation is inconsistent in the NTIS literature. Circulating 3,5',3'-triiodo-L-thyronine (reverse T3, rT3) are frequently elevated in NTIS. Thought to be biologically inactive, rT3in fact stimulates cancer cell proliferation via avb3 and also may increase actin polymerization. We propose here that rT3 in the NTIS complicating systemic COVIF-19 infection may support coagulation and disordered blood vessel formation via actin polymerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul J Davis
- Department of Medicine, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
- Pharma-ceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Rensselaer, NY, USA
| | - Hung-Yun Lin
- Cancer Molecular Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Aleck Hercbergs
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Kelly A Keating
- Pharma-ceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Rensselaer, NY, USA
| | - Shaker A Mousa
- Pharma-ceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Rensselaer, NY, USA
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Wang J, Yuan W, Dong R, Liu N, Liu D, Zhou Y. Predictors for euthyroid sick syndrome and its impact on in-hospital clinical outcomes in high-risk patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting. Perfusion 2019; 34:679-688. [PMID: 31074318 DOI: 10.1177/0267659119846789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Objective: The purpose of this cohort study was to investigate the independent relationship between euthyroid sick syndrome and in-hospital outcomes in high-risk patients undergoing isolated coronary artery bypass grafting, and we also examined the direct correlation between pre- or intra-operative variables and the incidence of coronary artery bypass grafting–associated euthyroid sick syndrome. Methods: The present study enrolled high-risk patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting from 1 January 2017 to 31 December 2017 in Beijing Anzhen hospital, including 387 (58.7%) patients with coronary artery bypass grafting–associated euthyroid sick syndrome and 272 (41.3%) patients without coronary artery bypass grafting–associated euthyroid sick syndrome. Results: The mean age of euthyroid sick syndrome group was significantly older than that of no euthyroid sick syndrome group (65.9 ± 7.5 vs 60.9 ± 9.6, p < 0.0001). Compared with the control group, significantly higher proportions of patients with euthyroid sick syndrome had presented with the following clinical characteristics at hospital admission: moderate and poor left ventricular ejection fraction (42.9% vs 28.7%, p < 0.0001), higher euroscore II (9.2 ± 4.1 vs 8.0 ± 3.9, p < 0.0001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis on the total patients revealed that the independent risk factors for coronary artery bypass grafting–associated euthyroid sick syndrome were advanced age (odds ratio = 1.07, 95% confidence interval = 1.05-1.09, p < 0.0001), higher euroscore II (odds ratio = 1.06, 95% confidence interval = 1.01-1.11, p = 0.013), and moderate and poor left ventricular ejection fraction (odds ratio = 2.26, 95% confidence interval = 1.61-3.18, p < 0.0001). Furthermore, euthyroid sick syndrome was independently correlated with an increased risk of in-hospital major adverse cardiovascular and cerebral events (odds ratio = 3.40, 95% confidence interval = 1.64-7.02, p = 0.001) and post-infection (odds ratio = 8.11, 95% confidence interval = 3.97-16.57, p < 0.0001) Besides, we also confirmed coronary artery bypass grafting–associated euthyroid sick syndrome was associated with Sequential Organ Failure Assessment maximum greater than 11 (odds ratio = 2.98, 95% confidence interval = 1.90-4.65, p < 0.0001), which predicted an in-hospital death rate of 95%, independently. Conclusion: Coronary artery bypass grafting–associated euthyroid sick syndrome exerted detrimental effects on short-term clinical outcomes in high-risk patients undergoing isolated coronary artery bypass grafting. Advanced age, higher euroscore II, and moderate and poor left ventricular ejection fraction were independent risk factors for coronary artery bypass grafting–associated euthyroid sick syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayang Wang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Center for Cardiac Intensive Care, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine of Coronary Atherosclerotic Disease, Clinical Center for Coronary Heart Disease, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wen Yuan
- Center for Cardiac Intensive Care, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ran Dong
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Nan Liu
- Center for Cardiac Intensive Care, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Dong Liu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yujie Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine of Coronary Atherosclerotic Disease, Clinical Center for Coronary Heart Disease, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Caluk S, Caluk J. Author`s Reply. Anatol J Cardiol 2016; 16:69-70. [PMID: 26854678 PMCID: PMC5336714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Selma Caluk
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Clinical Center Tuzla; Tuzla-Bosna-Herzeg,Address for Correspondence: Mr.sci.med.Dr. Selma Caluk Ul. Radeta Pelesa br. 15, 75000, Tuzla-Bosna-Herzeg Phone: +387 61 663 000 Fax: +387 35 309 240 E-mail:
| | - Jasmin Caluk
- Department of Interventional Cardiology, BH Heart Center Tuzla; Tuzla-Bosna-Herzeg
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