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Norseeda W, Liu G, Teltathum T, Supakankul P, Sringarm K, Naraballobh W, Khamlor T, Chomdej S, Nganvongpanit K, Krutmuang P, Mekchay S. Association of IL-4 and IL-4R Polymorphisms with Litter Size Traits in Pigs. Animals (Basel) 2021;11:ani11041154. [PMID: 33920608 PMCID: PMC8073830 DOI: 10.3390/ani11041154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open

Abstract

Simple Summary

The IL-4 and IL-4R cytokine genes are responsible for immune response in the reproductive system and are related to embryonic implantation and fetal survival during pregnancy in females. However, to date, their effects on litter size traits in pigs have been not elucidated. Therefore, the present study was conducted to verify the porcine IL-4 and IL-4R polymorphisms and assess how they affect litter size traits in commercial pigs. The findings suggested that the porcine IL-4 g.134993898T > C and IL-4R c.1577A > T polymorphisms were associated with the litter size traits. Therefore, the porcine IL-4 and IL-4R genes may be potentially effective genetic markers to improve the litter size traits in pigs.

Abstract

The interleukin-4 (IL-4) and interleukin-4 receptor (IL-4R) are cytokines that are involved in the immune and reproductive systems. This study aimed to verify the polymorphisms in the porcine IL-4 and IL-4R genes and to assess their effects on litter size traits in commercial pigs. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the porcine IL-4 and IL-4R genes were genotyped by the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. A non-coding SNP of IL-4 g.134993898T > C and a non-synonymous SNP of IL-4R c.1577A > T (amino acid change at position 526, Q526L) were found to be segregating in Landrace sows. The IL-4 g.134993898T > C polymorphism was significantly associated with the number of piglets weaned alive (NWA) trait. The IL-4R c.1577A > T polymorphism was significantly associated with the number born alive (NBA) and NWA traits. Moreover, the accumulation of favorable alleles of these two SNP markers revealed significant associations with the NBA, NWA, and mean weight of piglets at weaning (MWW) traits. These findings indicate that the porcine IL-4 and IL-4R genes may contribute to the reproductive traits of pigs and could be used as candidate genes to improve litter size traits in the pig breeding industry.

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Affiliation(s)

Worrarak Norseeda Department of Animal and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (W.N.); (K.S.); (W.N.); (T.K.) Center of Excellence on Agricultural Biotechnology: (AG-BIO/PERDO-CHE), Bangkok 10900, Thailand Graduate School, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
Guisheng Liu Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China; Hubei Key Lab for Animal Embryo Engineering and Molecular Breeding, Wuhan 430064, China
Tawatchai Teltathum Mae Hong Son Livestock Research and Breeding Center, Mae Hong Son 58000, Thailand;
Pantaporn Supakankul Division of Animal Science, School of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Phayao, Phayao 56000, Thailand;
Korawan Sringarm Department of Animal and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (W.N.); (K.S.); (W.N.); (T.K.) Cluster of Research and Development of Pharmaceutical and Natural Products Innovation for Human or Animal, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
Watcharapong Naraballobh Department of Animal and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (W.N.); (K.S.); (W.N.); (T.K.) Innovative Agriculture Research Center, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand;
Trisadee Khamlor Department of Animal and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (W.N.); (K.S.); (W.N.); (T.K.)
Siriwadee Chomdej Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand;
Korakot Nganvongpanit Department of Veterinary Bioscience and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand;
Patcharin Krutmuang Innovative Agriculture Research Center, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
Supamit Mekchay Department of Animal and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (W.N.); (K.S.); (W.N.); (T.K.) Center of Excellence on Agricultural Biotechnology: (AG-BIO/PERDO-CHE), Bangkok 10900, Thailand Cluster of Research and Development of Pharmaceutical and Natural Products Innovation for Human or Animal, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand Innovative Agriculture Research Center, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Correspondence:

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