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Identification of Candidate Genes and Functional Pathways Associated with Body Size Traits in Chinese Holstein Cattle Based on GWAS Analysis. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13060992. [PMID: 36978532 PMCID: PMC10044097 DOI: 10.3390/ani13060992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Body size is one of the most economically important traits of dairy cattle, as it is significantly associated with cow longevity, production, health, fertility, and environmental adaptation. The identification and application of genetic variants using a novel genetic approach, such as genome-wide association studies (GWASs), may give more insights into the genetic architecture of complex traits. The identification of genes, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), and pathways associated with the body size traits may offer a contribution to genomic selection and long-term planning for selection in dairy cows. In this study, we performed GWAS analysis to identify the genetic markers and genes associated with four body size traits (body height, body depth, chest width, and angularity) in 1000 Chinese Holstein cows. We performed SNPs genotyping in 1000 individuals, based on the GeneSeek Genomic Profiler Bovine 100 K. In total, we identified 11 significant SNPs in association with body size traits at the threshold of Bonferroni correction (5.90 × 10−7) using the fixed and random model circulating probability unification (FarmCPU) model. Several genes within 200 kb distances (upstream or downstream) of the significant SNPs were identified as candidate genes, including MYH15, KHDRBS3, AIP, DCC, SQOR, and UBAP1L. Moreover, genes within 200 kb of the identified SNPs were significantly enriched (p ≤ 0.05) in 25 Gene Ontology terms and five Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways. We anticipate that these results provide a foundation for understanding the genetic architecture of body size traits. They will also contribute to breeding programs and genomic selection work on Chinese Holstein cattle.
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Wei C, Luo HP, Wang YC, Huang XX, Zhang MH, Zhang XX, Wang D, Ge JJ, Xu L, Jiang H, Ju X. Analyses of the genetic relationships between lactose, somatic cell score, and growth traits in Simmental cattle. Animal 2021; 15:100027. [PMID: 33573989 DOI: 10.1016/j.animal.2020.100027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Lactose and somatic cell score (SCS) are major economic traits of milk. However, for many countries, they are typically not directly considered in the national genetic evaluation of Simmental cattle. This study aimed to estimate the genetic relationships between lactose, SCS, and growth traits of Simmental cattle to provide information for the national genetic evaluation of the selection of traits of this cattle population. The data of 1781 animals with 6519 records obtained over a period of 41 years (1975-2016) were collected from Xinjiang Hutubi Farm, China. The analyzed traits included 305 days of milk yield (305MY), milk fat percentage (MFP), milk protein percentage (MPP), milk lactose percentage (MLP), total solids (TS), SCS, body height (BH), body length (BL), chest girth (CG), abdominal circumference (AC), rump width (RW), rump length (RL), leg circumference (LC), and cannon circumference (CC). The multiple-trait repeatability model was adopted to estimate (co)variance components using the average information-restricted maximum likelihood method implemented using the DMU statistical package. The heritability estimates for milk components and growth traits ranged from 0.09 (SCS) to 0.51 (BH). Genetic correlations for milk components ranged from 0.03 ± 0.14 (MFP and MLP) to 0.81 ± 0.08 (MFP and MPP). Genetic correlation between MLP and SCS was moderate and negative (-0.50 ± 0.15) compared with that among other traits. Genetic correlations between the milk components and growth traits ranged from 0.00 ± 0.07 (305MY and RW) to -0.64 ± 0.15 (MLP and BL). Genetic correlations of BL, LC, RW, and RL with MLP were moderate to high and negative ranging from -0.39 to -0.64. Somatic cell score showed the highest correlation with BL (0.41) followed by LC (0.21). An increase in MLP would result in an increase in 305MY or TS and a decrease in BL, LC, RW, and RL. Additionally, a decrease in SCS would occur with the selection of increased MLP and reduced BL. We conclude that selection based on easily and inexpensively measured growth traits could improve the milk quality from Simmental cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Wei
- College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, China
| | - H-P Luo
- Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture of China, National Engineering Laboratory of Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Y-C Wang
- Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture of China, National Engineering Laboratory of Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - X-X Huang
- College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, China.
| | - M-H Zhang
- College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, China
| | - X-X Zhang
- College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, China
| | - D Wang
- College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, China
| | - J-J Ge
- Xinjiang Hutubi Farm, Changji, China
| | - L Xu
- College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, China
| | - H Jiang
- College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, China
| | - X Ju
- College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, China
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Bezdíček J, Nesvadbová A, Makarevich A, Kubovičová E. Relationship between the animal body condition and reproduction: the biotechnological aspects. Arch Anim Breed 2020; 63:203-209. [PMID: 32760787 PMCID: PMC7397717 DOI: 10.5194/aab-63-203-2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this review was to evaluate the relationship between the body
condition of cows and reproduction. Reproduction was evaluated from the
viewpoint of animal husbandry traits, ovarian activity and embryo transfer.
Main emphasis was given to the review of articles from the area of
biotechnical methods (in vitro embryo production, embryo transfer). Most authors agree on the opinion that the worsening of the reproduction traits of cows is a result of changes in the body condition score (BCS) either under or over their average value. Worsening of reproduction traits was presented not only from a zootechnical viewpoint (e.g., calving interval, 56 d nonreturn rate, etc.) but also in term of ovarian activity, oocyte recovery and in vitro embryo
production. In general, the body condition of cows is an important factor
affecting female reproduction ability at the ovarian level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiří Bezdíček
- Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, 771 47, Czech Republic
| | - Andrea Nesvadbová
- Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, 771 47, Czech Republic
| | - Alexander Makarevich
- National Agricultural and Food Centre (NPPC), Research Institute for Animal Production Nitra, 95141 Lužianky, Slovak Republic
| | - Elena Kubovičová
- National Agricultural and Food Centre (NPPC), Research Institute for Animal Production Nitra, 95141 Lužianky, Slovak Republic
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