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Lan A, Stukalin Y, Einat H. Sleep Quality, but Not Personality Traits, Mediates the Relationship between Chronotype and Life Satisfaction: A Study in Young Adults. Clocks Sleep 2024; 6:312-321. [PMID: 39189189 PMCID: PMC11348206 DOI: 10.3390/clockssleep6030022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronotype reflects the morningness-eveningness preference over a 24 h period. Significant data indicate meaningful differences between evening types (ETs) and morning types (MTs) in behavior, personality traits, health, and well-being. This study explores the interactions between chronotype, sleep, personality, and life satisfaction among 254 undergraduate college students (mean age 23.79 ± 1.85). Using online questionnaires, the participants provided demographic information and completed assessments, including the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ), the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), a shortened version of the Big Five Inventory (BFI-10), and a life satisfaction uniscale measure. The results revealed a significant association between chronotype and both life satisfaction and sleep quality, where ETs exhibited poorer outcomes compared to MTs. Additionally, the chronotype correlated with agreeableness and conscientiousness, with later chronotypes linked to reduced scores in these personality traits. A key finding in this study was revealed in a mediation analysis in which sleep quality was found to mediate the relationship between chronotype and life satisfaction. The mediation analysis highlighted sleep quality as a crucial process connecting chronotype to life satisfaction. The findings emphasize the importance of addressing sleep quality in interventions aimed at enhancing life satisfaction and overall well-being among ETs. Overall, our results provide valuable insights into the intricate relationships between chronotype, personality, sleep quality, and subjective well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anat Lan
- School of Behavioral Sciences, Tel-Aviv-Yaffo Academic College, Tel-Aviv 6818211, Israel (H.E.)
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2
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Grasaas E, Ostojic S, Jahre H. Adherence to sleep recommendations is associated with higher satisfaction with life among Norwegian adolescents. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:1288. [PMID: 38730403 PMCID: PMC11088050 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18725-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sleep plays a crucial role in the health and well-being of adolescents; however, inadequate sleep is frequently reported in numerous countries. This current paper aimed to describe sleep duration, factors impacting sleep, consequences of insufficient sleep and satisfaction with life in Norwegian adolescents, stratified by sex and by adherence to the 8-hour sleep recommendation, and to examine potential associations between adherence to the 8-hours sleep recommendation and satisfaction with life. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study using data from the Norwegian Ungdata Survey, collected in 2021. Adolescents from five Norwegian counties were included, comprising a total of 32,161 upper secondary school students. Study variables were collected through an electronic questionnaire administered during school hours and all data are anonymous. Descriptive data of sleep patterns are presented, and linear regressions were conducted adjusting for SES, perceived stress, physical activity level, over-the-counter analgesics use, grade level and screen time. RESULTS 73% of adolescents did not adhere to the 8-hours of sleep recommendation per night, with similar results for girls and boys. 64% reported tiredness at school (minimum 1-2 days weekly) and 62% reported that screen time negatively affected their ability to sleep. 23% reported that gaming affected their sleep, with a higher prevalence in boys than girls. Satisfaction with life score was 7.0 ± 1.9 points (out of 10) for the total sample, with higher scores for boys (7.3 ± 1.8 points) than girls (6.9 ± 1.9 points). Regressions revealed a positive association with satisfaction with life (B = 0.31, 95% [0.15 to 0.48]) in adolescents adhering to sleep recommendation of 8h compared to the ones not adhering to the sleep recommendation. CONCLUSIONS Most Norwegian adolescents fail to adhere to the 8-hours of sleep recommendation and the majority feel tired at school or during activities. More than half of adolescents reported that screen time negatively affected their ability to sleep. Adhering to the sleep recommendation was associated with higher life satisfaction. Our findings highlight the importance of sufficient sleep in adolescents, while future research is needed to examine other sleep related measures on adolescents´ satisfaction with life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik Grasaas
- Department of Nutrition and Public Health, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University in Agder, Kristiansand, Postbox 422, 4604, Norway.
| | - Sergej Ostojic
- Department of Nutrition and Public Health, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University in Agder, Kristiansand, Postbox 422, 4604, Norway
| | - Henriette Jahre
- Department of Rehabilitation Science and Health Technology, Center for Intelligent Musculoskeletal health, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
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Kontturi M, Virtanen M, Myllyntausta S, Prakash KC, Pentti J, Vahtera J, Stenholm S. Are changes in sleep problems associated with changes in life satisfaction during the retirement transition? Eur J Ageing 2024; 21:7. [PMID: 38472554 DOI: 10.1007/s10433-024-00802-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Retirement reduces sleep problems, but changes in life satisfaction during the retirement transition are multifactorial and partly unknown. The aim of this prospective cohort study was to examine whether changes in sleep problems are associated with changes in total and domain-specific life satisfaction during the retirement transition (on average 0.5 years before and 0.5 years after retirement). The study population consisted of Finnish public sector employees (n = 3518) from the Finnish Retirement and Aging (FIREA) study who responded to annual surveys before and after transition to statutory retirement. Sleep problems were measured with Jenkins Sleep Problem Scale questionnaire and participants were grouped into four sleep problem groups depending on the state of their sleep problems during the retirement transition: 'Never,' 'Decreasing,' 'Increasing,' and 'Constant' sleep problems. Life satisfaction was measured with the Life Satisfaction Scale questionnaire including four domains (interestingness, happiness, easiness, togetherness). We found that the improvement in total life satisfaction was greatest for participants in the 'Decreasing' (0.17, 95% CI 0.11-0.23, SMD 0.27) and 'Constant' (0.12, 95% CI 0.07-0.18, SMD 0.19) sleep problem groups. Of the specific life satisfaction domains, similar findings were observed only for the easiness domain. It seems that decreasing or constant sleep problems are associated with improved life satisfaction during the retirement transition, especially in the feeling of easiness of life. This may be due to the fact that as the demands of working life are removed, sleep problems are alleviated or it becomes easier to live with them, which improves life satisfaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marika Kontturi
- School of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 111, 80101, Joensuu, Finland.
| | - Marianna Virtanen
- School of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 111, 80101, Joensuu, Finland
- Division of Insurance Medicine, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Saana Myllyntausta
- Department of Psychology and Speech-Language Pathology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - K C Prakash
- Unit of Health Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Jaana Pentti
- Department of Public Health, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Clinicum, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Jussi Vahtera
- Department of Public Health, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Sari Stenholm
- Department of Public Health, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
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Yadollahi P, Mavaddatnia S, Zarshenas M, Ghaemmaghami P. Relationship between sleep quality and marital satisfaction of working women during the premenopausal period. Sci Rep 2024; 14:1248. [PMID: 38218900 PMCID: PMC10787744 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-51440-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Sleep disorders can adversely affect physical, sexual, and marital health, particularly among middle-aged women. This study aimed to determine the relationship between sleep quality and marital satisfaction of working women during the premenopausal period. In this cross-sectional study, we selected 150 women working at Shiraz University of Medical Sciences in Iran was selected using random cluster sampling. A demographic information form, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and the Evaluation and Nurturing Relationship Issues, Communication, and Happiness (ENRICH) marital satisfaction scale were used for data collection. The Data were analyzed using SPSS.22 software at a significance level of P < 0.05. Multiple linear regression analysis was employed to predict sleep quality based on marital satisfaction. Our results showed that 79 (52.7%) of the participants had undesirable sleep quality, 87 (58%) had high marital satisfaction, and 32 (21.3%) had very high marital satisfaction. Regression analysis revealed that the total marital satisfaction score could not predict the sleep quality score of the participants. However, as dimensions of marital satisfaction, personality issues negatively (β = 0.327, P < 0.05) and ideological orientation positively (β = 0.336, P < 0.01) predicted the sleep quality score. Based on the prediction of the sleep quality score by personality issues and ideological orientations among the dimensions of marital satisfaction, it seems that life skills training, especially in these two dimensions, may improve the quality of sleep and, as a result, the physical and mental health of working women.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Yadollahi
- Department of Midwifery, Maternal-Fetal Medicine Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - S Mavaddatnia
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - M Zarshenas
- Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - P Ghaemmaghami
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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Barlett CP. Examining the longitudinal direct and indirect relationships between early sleep (quality and duration) and later cyberbullying perpetration in emerging adults. Sleep Health 2023; 9:897-902. [PMID: 37951772 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleh.2023.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Researchers have recently posited the importance of sleep as a predictor of cyberbullying perpetration. We aimed to fill several theoretical gaps in the literature. First, most of the research focuses on sleep quality and not duration. Second, most of the studies are correlational, limiting causal claims. Third, few studies have tested the theoretical mediators (anger, hostility, and self-control) in the relationship between sleep (quality and duration) and cyberbullying. METHODS We employed short-term three-wave longitudinal study with US emerging adults (N = 182). At each wave participants completed measures of cyberbullying perpetration, anger, hostility, self-control, sleep quality, and sleep duration. RESULTS Findings from our longitudinal path model showed that Wave 2 anger was the only significant mediator between Wave 1 sleep duration (not quality) and Wave 3 cyberbullying. CONCLUSIONS We supported past research focused on the mediating role of anger in the relationship between sleep and cyberbullying, and theory that explicates the importance of mediators. Moreover, we contributed to this literature by employing a longitudinal design, assessing mediators, focusing on sleep duration and quality, and using an emerging adult population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher P Barlett
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA.
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Bhushan B, Zee PC, Grandner MA, Jaser SS, Hazkani I, Maddalozzo JP, Xu S, Ahluwalia V, Chandra A, Schroeder JW, Sharma M, Suittens DA, Berg CA. Associations of deep sleep and obstructive sleep apnea with family relationships, life satisfaction, and physical stress experience in children: a caregiver perspective. J Clin Sleep Med 2023; 19:2087-2095. [PMID: 37565827 PMCID: PMC10692943 DOI: 10.5664/jcsm.10772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and poor quality of sleep negatively impacts health-related quality of life in adults, but few studies have evaluated the association between sleep disturbance (eg, OSA, inadequate sleep) and health-related quality of life domains (eg, family relations, life satisfaction) in children. METHODS Children ages 8-17 years referred to a sleep center for routine polysomnography from April 2022 to August 2022 were approached to participate in the study, and children visiting the department of pediatrics for their wellness visit were recruited for comparisons. Statistical analysis was conducted using R 3.6.0. RESULTS Ninety-nine children were recruited from the sleep clinic, and 23 children were recruited from the primary care clinic. Of these children, 62 were diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnea (31 mild, 12 moderate, 19 severe), and 37 did not meet criteria for a diagnosis. Health-related quality of life domains did not differ across OSA severity levels. Children in general had lower life satisfaction and higher physical stress experience compared to children visiting for their wellness examination (well-child visitors, P = .05 and P = .005, respectively). Children with severe OSA had significantly lower life satisfaction and significantly higher physical stress experience when compared with well-child visitors (P = .008 and P = .009, respectively). Correlation analysis showed that N3 (deep) sleep was positively associated with family relations and life satisfaction, while it was negatively associated with anger. CONCLUSIONS Based on caregiver response, N3 sleep is positively associated with family relations and life satisfaction and negatively associated with anger. Severe OSA is associated with lower life satisfaction and higher physical stress experience. CITATION Bhushan B, Zee PC, Grandner MA, et al. Associations of deep sleep and obstructive sleep apnea with family relationships, life satisfaction, and physical stress experience in children: a caregiver perspective. J Clin Sleep Med. 2023;19(12):2087-2095.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bharat Bhushan
- Department of Surgery, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
- Department of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Phyllis C. Zee
- Center for Circadian and Sleep Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Michael A. Grandner
- Department of Psychology, The University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Sarah S. Jaser
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Inbal Hazkani
- Department of Surgery, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - John P. Maddalozzo
- Department of Surgery, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
- Department of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Sarah Xu
- Department of Surgery, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Vikas Ahluwalia
- Department of Surgery, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Anjali Chandra
- Department of Surgery, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - James W. Schroeder
- Department of Surgery, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
- Department of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Manoj Sharma
- Department of Social and Behavioral Health, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada
| | | | - Cynthia A. Berg
- Department of Psychology, College of Social and Behavioral Science, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
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Garcia D, Kazemitabar M, Asgarabad MH. The 18-item Swedish version of Ryff's psychological wellbeing scale: psychometric properties based on classical test theory and item response theory. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1208300. [PMID: 37854148 PMCID: PMC10580072 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1208300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Psychological wellbeing is conceptualized as the full engagement and optimal performance in existential challenges of life. Our understanding of psychological wellbeing is important for us humans to survive, adapt, and thrive during the challenges of the 21st century. Hence, the measurement of psychological wellbeing is one cornerstone for the identification and treatment of both mental illness and health promotion. In this context, Ryff operationalized psychological wellbeing as a six-dimensional model of human characteristics: self-acceptance, positive relations with others, environmental mastery, personal growth, autonomy, and purpose in life. Ryff's Psychological Wellbeing Scale has been developed and translated into different versions. Here, we examine and describe the psychometric properties of the 18-item Swedish version of Ryff's Psychological Wellbeing Scale using both Classical Test Theory (CTT) and Item Response Theory (IRT). Methods The data used in the present study was earlier published elsewhere and consists of 768 participants (279 women and 489 men). In addition to the 18-item version of the scale, participants answered the Temporal Satisfaction with Life Scale, the Positive Affect Negative Affect Schedule, and the Background and Health Questionnaire. We examined, the 18-item version's factor structure using different models and its relationship with subjective wellbeing, sociodemographic factors (e.g., education level, gender, age), lifestyle habits (i.e., smoking, frequency of doing exercise, and exercise intensity), and health issues (i.e., pain and sleeping problems). We also analyzed measurement invariance with regard to gender. Moreover, as an addition to the existing literature, we analyzed the properties of the 18 items using Graded Response Model (GRM). Results Although the original six-factor structure showed a good fit, both CTT and IRT indicated that a five-factor model, without the purpose in life subscale, provided a better fit. The results supported the internal consistency and concurrent validity of the 18-item Swedish version. Moreover, invariance testing showed similar measurement precision by the scale across gender. Finally, we found several items, especially the purpose in life's item "I live life one day at a time and do not really think about the future," that might need revision or modification in order to improve measurement. Conclusion A five-factor solution is a valid and reliable measure for the assessment of psychological wellbeing in the general Swedish population. With some modifications, the scale might achieve enough accuracy to measure the more appropriate and correct six-dimensional theoretical framework as detailed by Ryff. Fortunately, Ryff's original version contains 20 items per subscale and should therefore act as a perfect pool of items in this endeavor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danilo Garcia
- Department of Behavioral Sciences and Learning, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- Centre for Ethics, Law and Mental Health (CELAM), University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Promotion of Health and Innovation (PHI) Lab, International Network for Well-Being, Linköping, Sweden
- Department of Psychology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Psychology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Maryam Kazemitabar
- Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
- VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, United States
- Promotion of Health and Innovation (PHI) Lab, International Network for Well-Being, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Mojtaba Habibi Asgarabad
- Health Promotion Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Health Psychology, School of Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health (Tehran Institute of Psychiatry), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Psychology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Positive Youth Development Lab, Human Development and Family Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, United States
- Center of Excellence in Cognitive Neuropsychology, Institute for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
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Nema J, Mankova D, Bures M, Novak J. Sleep quality and duration: A key to life satisfaction among military students. MILITARY PSYCHOLOGY 2023:1-11. [PMID: 37725691 DOI: 10.1080/08995605.2023.2259778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Military service is a demanding profession that requires high physical preparedness and mental endurance. At the same time, the demands of military duties often require early rising and shortened sleep duration. Such a reduction in sleep can reduce physical and mental performance, and these changes can be reflected in life satisfaction. For this reason, soldiers' life satisfaction is a crucial variable for their success and long-term service. This study examined the relationship between sleep quality, sleep duration, and life satisfaction in military medical students. The results on 35 military students showed that greater sleep quality corresponded to greater life satisfaction; this relationship was moderate and significant (r = -460, p = .005). Notably, participants (n = 17) who began to wake up without the use of an alarm clock reported an average of 11% higher life satisfaction than the participants who woke to an alarm clock; this difference between participants was statistically significant (p = .011, Cohen's d = .911). Pre- and post-intervention showed that sleep hygiene education could be a suitable solution to prevent sleep deprivation and positively impact life satisfaction. Our findings emphasize the importance of increased sleep hygiene education, especially in preparing future military officers and during military exercises. Prioritizing sleep hygiene in these ways can significantly increase soldiers' life satisfaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiri Nema
- Department of Military Medical Service Organisation and Management, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Denisa Mankova
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Bures
- Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Novak
- Department of Anthropology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Neurology, General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
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Prokeš M. Sleep quality and sleep routines as mediators of stressors and life satisfaction in Czech university students: a structural equation model. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1231773. [PMID: 37727748 PMCID: PMC10505808 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1231773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Sleep is especially important to overall well-being. Some aspects of sleep have been well documented, for example sleep quantity and its effect on well-being, but the value of a consistent sleep routine remains poorly studied. University students are a population group especially susceptible to stress, mental health problems and poor sleep quality and experience changing daily schedules. Investigating the protective power of sleep in this population group is therefore an important avenue of research. Methods Applying a structural equation model, the current study surveyed a large sample of Czech university students during the COVID-19 pandemic in late spring, 2021, and observed the mediation effects of sleep on this group. Results and Discussion The study found that working, maintaining social contact and attending lectures in person had a strong effect on satisfaction with life. Increased personal study time indirectly supported consistent sleep routines and mediated perceptions of life satisfaction. As expected, the results indicated the importance of high-quality sleep. The results also verified partial mediation, directly and indirectly, through sleep quality, highlighting the significance of a consistent sleep routine in students on their self-reported satisfaction with life.
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Zhu C, Zhou L, Zhang X, Walsh CA. Reciprocal Effects between Sleep Quality and Life Satisfaction in Older Adults: The Mediating Role of Health Status. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:1912. [PMID: 37444746 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11131912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES to examine the causal relationship between sleep quality and life satisfaction and explore the mediating role of health status on the relationship between sleep quality and life satisfaction. METHODS A total of 1856 older Chinese people participating in 2011, 2014, and 2018 waves of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS) were included. A cross-lagged panel analysis (CLPA) combined with mediator analysis was utilized. RESULTS The average sleep quality levels for the years 2011, 2014, and 2018 were 3.70, 3.63, and 3.47 out of 5, respectively. The corresponding average levels of health status were 3.47, 3.44, and 3.39 out of 5, and the average levels of life satisfaction were 3.75, 3.86, and 3.87 out of 5, respectively. In addition, sleep quality at prior assessment points was significantly associated with life quality at subsequent assessments, and vice versa. Also, health status partially mediated this prospective reciprocal relationship. CONCLUSIONS There is a nonlinear decreased trend in sleep quality and health status, while there exists a nonlinear increased trend in life satisfaction for older adults from 2011 to 2018. Reciprocal positive effects between sleep quality and life satisfaction in older adults exist and are mediated by health status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Change Zhu
- Department of Management, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Jingkou District, Zhenjiang 212001, China
- Faculty of Social Work, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Lulin Zhou
- Department of Management, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Jingkou District, Zhenjiang 212001, China
| | - Xinjie Zhang
- Department of Management, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Jingkou District, Zhenjiang 212001, China
| | - Christine A Walsh
- Faculty of Social Work, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
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Kang W. Understanding the associations between the number of close friends and life satisfaction: Considering age differences. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1105771. [PMID: 37057175 PMCID: PMC10086127 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1105771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Life satisfaction refers to one's subjective evaluation of life, which is the cognitive aspect of subjective well-being. Understanding factors that contribute to life satisfaction has important implications as higher life satisfaction is closely associated with better physical, psychological, and behavioral health outcomes. Close friendship serves as a valuable source of social support across life spans. Although there are some studies regarding the associations between friendship and well-being, much less is known regarding the relationships between the number of close friends and life satisfaction and how this association varies with age. By analyzing data from 29,785 participants with an age range of 16–101 years old from the Understanding Society, the current study found that there is a significant interaction effect of age with the number of close friends (b = −0.003, p < 0.01, 95% C.I. [−0.004, −0.001]) after controlling for demographic covariates. Simple slope regressions showed that the positive association between the number of close friends and life satisfaction is the strongest in young people (b = 0.018, p < 0.001, 95% C.I. [0.012, 0.024]), and less strong in middle-aged (b = 0.008, p < 0.001, 95% C.I. [0.003, 0.013]), and the weakest in older adults (b = 0.004, p < 0.01, 95% C.I. [0.002, 0.007]).
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Kudrnáčová M, Kudrnáč A. Better sleep, better life? testing the role of sleep on quality of life. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0282085. [PMID: 36920893 PMCID: PMC10016705 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0282085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous research has shown that sleep deprivation, low quality sleep or inconvenient sleeping times are associated with lower quality of life. However, research of the longitudinal effects of sleep on quality of life is scarce. Hence, we know very little about the long-term effect of changes in sleep duration, sleep quality and the time when individuals sleep on quality of life. Using longitudinal data from three waves of the Czech Household Panel Study (2018-2020) containing responses from up to 4,523 respondents in up to 2,155 households, the study examines the effect of changes in sleep duration, sleep quality and social jetlag on satisfaction with life, happiness, work stress, subjective health and wellbeing. Although sleep duration and timing are important, panel analyses reveal that sleep quality is the strongest predictor of all sleep variables in explaining both within-person and between-person differences in quality of life indicators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaela Kudrnáčová
- Department of Sociology, Faculty of Social Sciences, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Aleš Kudrnáč
- Institute of Sociology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
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Oniszczenko W. The association between affective temperaments and insomnia as mediated by satisfaction with life: a cross-sectional study. CURRENT ISSUES IN PERSONALITY PSYCHOLOGY 2023; 12:170-177. [PMID: 39184905 PMCID: PMC11339849 DOI: 10.5114/cipp/159454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The primary objectives of this study were to examine whether affective temperaments are associated with satisfaction with life; to determine whether satisfaction with life can mediate the relationship between affective temperaments and insomnia; and to reaffirm the relationship between affective temperaments and insomnia. We hypothesized that affective temperaments were associated directly and indirectly via satisfaction with life with insomnia. PARTICIPANTS AND PROCEDURE A total of 497 participants aged 18 to 67 years, including 435 women and 62 men, were recruited from the general population via an online recruitment platform. We used the Temperament Evaluation of the Memphis, Pisa, Paris and San Diego Autoquestionnaire to evaluate affective temperaments and the Satisfaction with Life Scale to assess satisfaction with life. The Athens Insomnia Scale was used to assess participants' level of insomnia symptoms. RESULTS Depressive, cyclothymic, irritable and anxious temperaments correlated positively with insomnia symptoms, but hyperthymic temperament correlated negatively with insomnia symptoms. Satisfaction with life correlated negatively with insomnia symptoms. Hyperthymic temperament correlated positively with satisfaction with life, but depressive, cyclothymic, irritable and anxious temperaments correlated negatively with satisfaction with life. Hierarchical regression analysis indicated that 30% of the variance in insomnia symptoms was attributable to satisfaction with life level and the presence of cyclothymic and anxious temperaments. The mediation analysis suggested a significant indirect effect of cyclothymic and anxious temperaments on insomnia through satisfaction with life as a mediator between affective temperaments and insomnia. CONCLUSIONS Cyclothymic and anxious temperaments can influence the symptoms of insomnia directly and indirectly as mediated by satisfaction with life.
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Cao Y, Yang Z, Yu Y, Huang X. Physical activity, sleep quality and life satisfaction in adolescents: A cross-sectional survey study. Front Public Health 2022; 10:1010194. [PMID: 36605236 PMCID: PMC9807806 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1010194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Physical activity, sleep is an important component of adolescents' 24-h movement behavior, and life satisfaction predicts adolescent physical and mental health. However, few studies have explored the relationship between the two variables among Chinese high school students. Consequently, this study aimed to explore the relationship between sleep quality and life satisfaction among Chinese high school students. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted in October 2020 in five high schools in Xuchang City, China. High school students from senior 1 to senior 3 were asked to fill up a questionnaire of demographic characteristics and validated screen instructions for sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index) and life satisfaction (Satisfaction with Life Scale). The multivariate regression model was applied to explore the association between sleep quality and life satisfaction. Results A total of 1127 individuals (51.1% males) participated in this survey, and the prevalence of poor sleep quality was 42.3%. The mean score on the Satisfaction with Life Scale was 16.72 ± 5.67, according to the corresponding scoring criteria, with 15-19 being generally dissatisfied. After controlling for demographic variables, the contribution of subjective sleep quality (β = - 0.181, p < 0.01), sleep duration (β = - 0.080, p < 0.01) and daytime dysfunction (β = - 0.311, p < 0.01) to life satisfaction of high school students increased to 23.2%, indicating that subjective sleep quality, sleep duration, and daytime dysfunction were 22.9% predictive of life satisfaction among high school students. And also, physical activity on schooldays and weekend days were associated with better sleep quality and higher life satisfaction (p < 0.05). Conclusions Among Chinese high school students, the prevalence of sleep problems was high, and the majority of students held moderate life satisfaction. Sleep quality was positively correlated with life satisfaction among Chinese high school students, with better sleep quality resulting in higher life satisfaction among students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunhua Cao
- Department of Physical Education, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhen Yang
- Physical Activity for Health Research Centre, Moray House School of Education and Sport, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Yongbo Yu
- School of Physical Education and Sport Training, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Huang
- School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Xin Huang
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Willroth EC, Gatchpazian A, Thai S, Lassetter B, Feinberg M, Ford BQ. The Insulating Function of Sleep for Well-being: Daily Sleep Quality Attenuates the Link Between Current Affect and Global Life Satisfaction. AFFECTIVE SCIENCE 2022; 3:318-329. [PMID: 36045999 PMCID: PMC9382925 DOI: 10.1007/s42761-021-00092-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Transient affect can be tightly linked with people's global life satisfaction (i.e., affect globalizing). This volatile judgment style leaves life satisfaction vulnerable to the inevitable highs and lows of everyday life, and has been associated with lower psychological health. The present study examines a potentially fundamental but untested regulatory role of sleep: insulating people's global life satisfaction from the affective highs and lows of daily life. We tested this hypothesis in two daily diary samples (N 1 = 3,011 daily diary observations of 274 participants and N 2 = 12,740 daily diary observations of 811 participants). Consistent with preregistered hypotheses, following nights of reported high-quality sleep, the link between current affect and global life satisfaction was attenuated (i.e., lower affect globalizing). Sleep-based interventions are broadly useful for improving psychological health and the current findings suggest another avenue by which such interventions may improve well-being: by providing crucial protection against the risks associated with affect globalizing. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s42761-021-00092-4.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Arasteh Gatchpazian
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, ON M1C1A4 Canada
| | - Sabrina Thai
- Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada
| | - Bethany Lassetter
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, ON M1C1A4 Canada
| | - Matthew Feinberg
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, ON M1C1A4 Canada
| | - Brett Q. Ford
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, ON M1C1A4 Canada
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Shi Y, She Z, Zhou ZE, Zhang N, Zhang H. Job crafting and employee life satisfaction: A resource-gain-development perspective. Appl Psychol Health Well Being 2022; 14:1483-1502. [PMID: 35590488 DOI: 10.1111/aphw.12374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Job crafting has been shown to be associated with multiple positive work-related outcomes. However, whether and how it affects nonwork-related outcomes has been less examined. Grounded on the resource-gain-development perspective and conservation of resources theory, the present study investigated the effects of job crafting on employee life satisfaction via work-nonwork facilitation and work-nonwork conflict. Further, the present study examined the moderating roles of workload on these relationships. We collected two waves of data with a 1-month lag from 481 fulltime Chinese employees. The results of regression analyses revealed that job crafting was positively related to employee life satisfaction through higher work-nonwork facilitation and lower work-nonwork conflict. In addition, these indirect effects were stronger for employees with higher workload than those with lower workload. The results extend job crafting research by examining the effects of job crafting on employee life satisfaction and have clear applied value for employers who have high workload.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanwei Shi
- Department of Human Resource Management, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhuang She
- China Affiliated Mental Health Center (ECNU), School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiqing E Zhou
- Department of Psychology, Baruch College and The Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Nan Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education, Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- School of Sociology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Lambert L, Joshanloo M, Marquez JM, Cody B, Arora T, Warren M, Aguilar L, Samways M, Teasel S. Boosting Student Wellbeing Despite a Pandemic: Positive Psychology Interventions and the Impact of Sleep in the United Arab Emirates. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF APPLIED POSITIVE PSYCHOLOGY 2022; 7:271-300. [PMID: 35600501 PMCID: PMC9112268 DOI: 10.1007/s41042-022-00066-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Positive psychology interventions hold great promise as schools around the world look to increase the wellbeing of young people. To reach this aim, a program was developed to generate positive emotions, as well as improve life satisfaction, mental toughness and perceptions of school kindness in 538 expatriate students in Dubai, United Arab Emirates. Starting in September 2019, the program included a range of positive psychology interventions such as gratitude, acts of kindness and mental contrasting as examples. Life satisfaction and mental toughness at mid-year were sustained or grew by the end of the year. Positive affect, emotional wellbeing and social wellbeing increased at post-intervention 1, compared to baseline. However, this improvement reverted to baseline levels at post-intervention 2, when data were collected during the COVID-19 pandemic. Only psychological wellbeing, negative affect, perceptions of control, and school kindness were increased at post-intervention 2. During the lockdown, students moved less, but slept and scrolled more. Those who extended their sleep duration reported greater wellbeing. Boosting wellbeing through the use of positive psychology interventions works – even in a pandemic – and extended sleep duration appears to be a driving factor for this observation.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. Lambert
- Middle East Journal of Positive Psychology, Canadian University Dubai, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - M. Joshanloo
- Department of Psychology, Keimyung University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - J. M. Marquez
- Faculty of Education, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - B. Cody
- United Arab Emirates University, Box 15551, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - T. Arora
- College of Natural and Health Sciences, Department of Psychology, Zayed University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - M. Warren
- Western Washington University, Bellingham, WA USA
| | - L. Aguilar
- Western Washington University, Bellingham, WA USA
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18
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Sleep quality and associated factors among undergraduate medical students during Covid-19 confinement. CLINICAL EPIDEMIOLOGY AND GLOBAL HEALTH 2022; 15:101004. [PMID: 35291700 PMCID: PMC8915619 DOI: 10.1016/j.cegh.2022.101004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Problem considered Methods Results Conclusion
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19
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Zamani E, Akbari M, Mohammadkhani S, Riskind JH, Drake CL, Palagini L. The Relationship of Neuroticism with Sleep Quality: The Mediating Role of Emotional, Cognitive and Metacognitive Factors. Behav Sleep Med 2022; 20:74-89. [PMID: 33618569 DOI: 10.1080/15402002.2021.1888730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Poor sleep quality is associated with a broad range of psychopathology and is a common problem among college students. This study aimed to investigate the mediating role of metacognitive beliefs related to sleep, emotion regulation and a negative cognitive style related to anxiety (looming cognitive style) in the relation between neuroticism and reported sleep quality. PARTICIPANTS Participants were 343 undergraduates from three universities in Tehran (56.3% females, Mean age = 22.01 ± 2.74 years). METHOD Data were gathered with a questionnaire packet that included the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Metacognitions Questionnaire-Insomnia (MCQ-I), Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ), Looming Maladaptive Style Questionnaire (LMSQ) and Neuroticism subscale of NEO-PI-R. RESULTS Structural equation modeling analyses supported a proposed model (R2 = 37%) which proposed that neuroticism both directly and indirectly linked to reported sleep quality through metacognitions related to sleep, cognitive reappraisal and looming cognitive style (χ2 = 1194.87, p < .001; CFI = 0.93, NFI = 0.90, RMSEA = 0.065, GFI = 0.92, SRMR = 0.069, IFI = 0.93). CONCLUSIONS The results provide evidence for the impact of neuroticism on reported sleep quality through metacognitive, cognitive and emotional factors. The result suggest that special attention should be paid to these factors in the treatment and psychopathology of sleep quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elahe Zamani
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Akbari
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Education, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - John H Riskind
- Department of Psychology, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia
| | - Christopher L Drake
- Thomas Roth Sleep Disorders & Research Center, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Laura Palagini
- Department of Clinical Experimental Medicine, Psychiatric Unit, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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Baek S, Yu H, Roh J, Lee J, Sohn I, Kim S, Park C. Effect of a Recliner Chair with Rocking Motions on Sleep Efficiency. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 21:8214. [PMID: 34960304 PMCID: PMC8706869 DOI: 10.3390/s21248214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we analyze the effect of a recliner chair with rocking motions on sleep quality of naps using automated sleep scoring and spindle detection models. The quality of sleep corresponding to the two rocking motions was measured quantitatively and qualitatively. For the quantitative evaluation, we conducted a sleep parameter analysis based on the results of the estimated sleep stages obtained on the brainwave and spindle estimation, and a sleep survey assessment from the participants was analyzed for the qualitative evaluation. The analysis showed that sleep in the recliner chair with rocking motions positively increased the duration of the spindles and deep sleep stage, resulting in improved sleep quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suwhan Baek
- Department of Computer engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Korea
| | - Hyunsoo Yu
- Department of Computer engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Korea
| | - Jongryun Roh
- Digital Transformation RnD Department, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, Ansan 15588, Korea
| | - Jungnyun Lee
- Digital Transformation RnD Department, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, Ansan 15588, Korea
| | - Illsoo Sohn
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul 01811, Korea
| | - Sayup Kim
- Digital Transformation RnD Department, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, Ansan 15588, Korea
| | - Cheolsoo Park
- Department of Computer engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Korea
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21
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Hartanto A, Lua VY, Quek FY, Yong JC, Ng MH. A critical review on the moderating role of contextual factors in the associations between video gaming and well-being. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR REPORTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chbr.2021.100135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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22
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Armand MA, Biassoni F, Corrias A. Sleep, Well-Being and Academic Performance: A Study in a Singapore Residential College. Front Psychol 2021; 12:672238. [PMID: 34135831 PMCID: PMC8200680 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.672238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
We examined the relationship between sleep and the affective components of subjective well-being as well as psychological well-being, and between sleep and academic performance, of full-time undergraduate students in a residential college at the National University of Singapore. The aspects of sleep considered were self-reported sleep duration, sleep efficiency, frequency of sleep disturbances, daytime dysfunction, sleep latency and overall sleep quality, as measured by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Academic performance was measured using self-reported cumulative average point scores, typically known as grade point average in other institutions. Psychological well-being and the affective components of subjective well-being were assessed using the Flourishing Scale and the Scale of Positive and Negative Experience, respectively. With the exception of sleep latency, our univariate analysis revealed significant associations between the abovementioned facets of sleep, and the affective components of subjective well-being. The analysis also revealed significant associations between the above sleep variables and psychological well-being, except sleep latency and frequency of sleep disturbances. Only daytime dysfunction was found to be significantly correlated with academic performance in our univariate analysis. In addition, our multivariate analysis shows that psychological well-being, affect balance and academic performance each has a direct effect on overall sleep quality. The relationship between overall sleep quality and psychological well-being is U-shaped, while that between overall sleep quality and affect balance is linear and moderated by psychological well-being. The relationship between overall sleep quality and academic performance is either U-shaped or an inverted-U, depending on the level of psychological well-being, which moderates the relationship. These nonlinear relationships indicate that individuals with the highest levels of psychological well-being are not the best sleepers (in terms of overall sleep quality), neither are the highest academic achievers necessarily the best sleepers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc A. Armand
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Federica Biassoni
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy
| | - Alberto Corrias
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- College of Alice and Peter Tan, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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23
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Papi S, Cheraghi M. Relationship between Life Satisfaction and Sleep Quality and Its Dimensions among Older Adults in City of Qom, Iran. SOCIAL WORK IN PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 36:526-535. [PMID: 33908320 DOI: 10.1080/19371918.2021.1917466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objective: Assessment of sleep quality is necessary in the older adults' management program so that good sleep quality will lead to a successful older adult's life. The present study aims to determine the relationship between life satisfaction and quality of sleep and its dimensions among the older adults' population residing in Qom city, Iran.Method: This was a cross-sectional descriptive-analytic study conducted in 2018. The population of the study consisted of older adults resident Qom, of whom 679 were selected by simple sampling. The data were collected using demographic characteristics, Life Satisfaction Inventory-Z(LSI-Z) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Data were analyzed with statistical package SPSS (version 22) using independent t-test, and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA).Results: The mean ± standard deviation (SD)of the older adults was 70.43 ± 7.62 years. Mean of life satisfaction score and sleep quality were 13.00 ± 3.00 and 10.00 ± 3.00, respectively. There was a significant relationship between life satisfaction and sleep quality (P < .001). Moreover, life satisfaction was associated with the use of hypnotic drugs, mental sleep quality, daily functional disorders, and sleep disorders (P < .001). There was a significant relationship between sleep duration (P = .003) and delay to fall asleep (P = .048) with life satisfaction. However, there was no significant relationship between life satisfaction and sleep efficiency (P = .226).Conclusion: Our findings showed that sleep quality was not desirable in older adults. On the other hand, sleep quality and its dimensions were related to the satisfaction of life among the older adults. It is necessary to utilize solutions to improve the sleep quality in the older adults' community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahab Papi
- Social Determinant of Health Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- PhD Student of Gerontology,Department of Health Education and Promotion, Faculty of health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Maria Cheraghi
- Associate professor of Health Sciences,Department of Public Health, School of Health, Social Determinant of Health Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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Rönnlund M, Åström E, Westlin W, Flodén L, Unger A, Papastamatelou J, Carelli MG. A Time to Sleep Well and Be Contented: Time Perspective, Sleep Quality, and Life Satisfaction. Front Psychol 2021; 12:627836. [PMID: 33935879 PMCID: PMC8085587 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.627836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
A major aim of the present study was to examine the relationship between time perspective, i.e., habitual ways of relating to the past, present, and future, and sleep quality. A second aim was to test a model by which the expected negative relationship between deviation from a balanced time perspective (DBTP), a measure taking temporal biases across all three time frames into account, and life satisfaction was mediated by poor sleep quality. To these ends, a sample of young adults (N = 386) completed a version of the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory (S-ZTPI), Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS). A measure of chronotype was in addition included for control purposes. Bivariate analyses revealed that the S-ZTPI subscales Past Negative, Future Negative and Present Fatalistic were associated with poorer sleep quality (higher PSQI scores), with significant associations in the opposite direction for Past Positive and Future Positive. However, DBTP was the strongest predictor of (poorer) sleep quality, suggesting that time perspective biases have an additive effect on sleep quality. Regression analyses with PSQI as the dependent variable and all six ZTPI subscales as the predictors indicated that time perspective accounted for about 20% of the variance in sleep quality (17% beyond chronotype), with Past Negative, Past Positive, and Future Negative as the unique predictors. The results additionally confirmed a strong relationship between DBTP and life satisfaction. Finally, data were consistent with the hypothesis that the association of DBTP and life satisfaction is mediated, in part, by sleep quality. Taken together, the results confirmed a substantial link between time perspective sleep-related problems, factors that may have a negative impact on life satisfaction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Lisa Flodén
- Department of Psychology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Alexander Unger
- Ludwigshafen University of Business and Society, Ludwigshafen, Germany
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Wooten SV, Mittag U, Alvero Cruz JR, Stray-Gundersen S, Hoffmann F, Michély S, Möstl S, Sies W, Mulder E, Rauschendorfer P, Chilibeck PD, Rittweger J, Tanaka H. Life Satisfaction, Positive Affect, and Sleep Impairment in Masters Athletes: Modulation by Age, Sex, and Exercise Type. Front Physiol 2021; 12:634433. [PMID: 33746775 PMCID: PMC7970109 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.634433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The masters athlete has been proposed as a model of successful aging. Research studies investigating psychological outlook in older athletes have primarily addressed negative affects including depression, anxiety, and stress. The impact of lifelong exercise on positive affect and life satisfaction as well as sleep impairment that could impact on these psychological states is largely unknown. Methods A series of questionnaires (general life satisfaction, positive affect, and sleep-related impairment) were administered to 240 masters athletes participating in the World Masters Athletics Championships. Total raw scores were converted into T scores for comparison with the general population. Meaningful difference was defined by the PROMIS® as one-half standard deviation from the centering sample. Results Meaningful differences were observed for improved general life satisfaction and reduced sleep impairment for all masters athletes. Positive affect did not reach the meaningful difference threshold. No significant sex differences were found for any of the questionnaires (all p > 0.05). Similarly, no significant differences were found between endurance, sprint, and strength/power sports for general life satisfaction (p = 0.18), positive affect (p = 0.46), and sleep impairment (p = 0.77). In general, life satisfaction increased with age (r = 0.15, p = 0.02), and sleep impairment trended towards reduction with age (r = −0.13, p = 0.05). Positive affect demonstrated no correlation with age (r = 0.09, p = 0.18). Conclusion This study demonstrates that the lifestyles of masters athletes contribute to improved general life satisfaction and reduced sleep impairment but not improved positive affect. The beneficial effects were observed irrespective of age, gender, and sporting types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Savannah V Wooten
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
| | - Uwe Mittag
- German Aerospace Center, Institute of Aerospace Medicine, Cologne, Germany
| | - José Ramón Alvero Cruz
- Department of Human Physiology and Sports Physical Education, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Sten Stray-Gundersen
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
| | - Fabian Hoffmann
- German Aerospace Center, Institute of Aerospace Medicine, Cologne, Germany.,Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Sarah Michély
- German Aerospace Center, Institute of Aerospace Medicine, Cologne, Germany
| | - Stefan Möstl
- German Aerospace Center, Institute of Aerospace Medicine, Cologne, Germany
| | - Wolfram Sies
- German Aerospace Center, Institute of Aerospace Medicine, Cologne, Germany
| | - Edwin Mulder
- German Aerospace Center, Institute of Aerospace Medicine, Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Philip D Chilibeck
- College of Kinesiology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Jörn Rittweger
- German Aerospace Center, Institute of Aerospace Medicine, Cologne, Germany.,Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Hirofumi Tanaka
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
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Sleep dissatisfaction and insufficient sleep duration in the Italian population. Sci Rep 2020; 10:17943. [PMID: 33087728 PMCID: PMC7578786 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-72612-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate the prevalence and possible determinants of sleep quality and quantity, we used data from a cross-sectional study conducted in 2019 on a sample of 3120 subjects, representative of the general Italian adult population. Sleep dissatisfaction was reported by 14.2% and insufficient sleep (duration) by 29.5% of adults. Sleep dissatisfaction and insufficient sleep were directly related with age (p for trend < 0.001), and inversely related with socioeconomic class (p for trend < 0.001) and income (p for trend < 0.001). Sleep dissatisfaction was higher among women (odds ratio, OR 1.30; 95% confidence interval, CI 1.05–1.60). Insufficient sleep was inversely related to education (p for trend < 0.001) and more frequent in current compared to never smokers (OR 1.32; 95% CI 1.08–1.61). Sleep dissatisfaction was higher among divorced/separated compared with married subjects (OR 1.75; 95% CI 1.20–2.58) and lower among subjects living with children aged 0–14 years (OR 0.48, 95% CI 0.33–0.70). Pet owners more frequently had sleep dissatisfaction (OR 1.35, 95% CI 1.08–1.68) and insufficient sleep (OR 1.46, 95% CI 1.23–1.73). In Italy, self-perceived sleep problems appear to be increasing. Sleep problems can contribute to aggravating health disparities in the society. The unfavourable relationship with pets (and the favourable ones with children) should be confirmed by longitudinal studies.
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Baek J, Han K, Choi-Kwon S. Sleep diary- and actigraphy-derived sleep parameters of 8-hour fast-rotating shift work nurses: A prospective descriptive study. Int J Nurs Stud 2020; 112:103719. [PMID: 32807562 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2020.103719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Given the harmful effects of night shifts and rotating schedules on nurses' sleep and work performance, shift nurses' sleep patterns have been a research concern. Actigraphy involves acquisition of data using a movement sensor worn continuously on the nondominant wrist, typically for a week or more. Although actigraphy provides objective and accurate sleep data, sleep diaries have been a practical alternative. However, there is a lack of research on the agreement and consistency between the two methods of measuring sleep for shift work nurses. In addition, differences in sleep patterns by shift types among 8-hour fast-rotating shift work nurses has not yet been examined. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the agreement between the sleep diary and actigraphy methods for sleep assessment, and to compare sleep parameters of 8-hour fast-rotating shift work nurses according to shift type. DESIGN Descriptive and prospective study design. SETTINGS Two tertiary hospitals in Seoul, South Korea. PARTICIPANTS A total of 94 shift work nurses who wore actigraphy along with completing a sleep diary. METHODS Subjective and objective sleep parameters were recorded during a two-week period in a sleep diary and actigraphy, respectively. Bland-Altman plots and intraclass correlation coefficients were used to analyze the agreement between the two methods. Sleep parameters according to shift type were compared using the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests. RESULTS Good agreement was observed between the sleep diary and the actigraphy data for total sleep time (intraclass correlation coefficients = 0.765 or 0.858) and variability in sleep time (intraclass correlation coefficients = 0.838). When compared to the actigraphy data, diary-derived data were overestimated by 41-45 min for total sleep time and 0.4% for variability in sleep time. There was a difference of 2-3 h of sleep quantity by shift type: 5.3-5.8 h for day shifts and 7.1-8.4 h for night shifts. CONCLUSIONS A sleep diary can function as an acceptable alternative to actigraphy for measuring shift work nurses' sleep patterns, specifically total sleep time and variability in sleep time. Given the high variability in sleep among shift work nurses, both personal and organizational efforts are required. Nurses should monitor their sleep quantity and develop their own regular sleep schedules to fit their work schedules. Hospitals should establish healthy schedules for nurses to guarantee sufficient sleep hours before work. Future research on shift work nurses' sleep should examine fluctuations in sleep duration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihyun Baek
- The Research Institute of Nursing Science, Seoul National University College of Nursing, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kihye Han
- Chung-Ang University College of Nursing, 84 Heukseok-ro, Bldg 102 Rm 712, Dongjak-gu 06974 Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Smi Choi-Kwon
- The Research Institute of Nursing Science, Seoul National University College of Nursing, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Przepiorka A, Blachnio A. The Role of Facebook Intrusion, Depression, and Future Time Perspective in Sleep Problems Among Adolescents. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH ON ADOLESCENCE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR RESEARCH ON ADOLESCENCE 2020; 30:559-569. [PMID: 31868972 DOI: 10.1111/jora.12543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The main aim of the study was to examine the determinants of sleep problems including Facebook intrusion, depression, and future time perspective. The participants were 426 adolescents, aged M = 14.68. The Future Time Perspective Scale, the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, the Facebook Intrusion Questionnaire, and the Medical Outcomes Study Sleep Scale were used. It was found that FTP goals were a negative predictor of Facebook intrusion and depression was a positive predictor of Facebook intrusion and sleep problems. Additionally, Facebook intrusion turned out to contribute positively to sleep problems. The results contribute to knowledge on excessive social media use and its relations with mental health; they can be applied in the treatment of addictive social media use.
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