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Karimi O, Bitaraf Sani M, Bakhshesh M, Zareh Harofteh J, Poormirzayee-Tafti H. Prevalence of bovine herpesvirus 1 antibodies and risk factors in dairy cattle of Iran's central desert. Trop Anim Health Prod 2022; 55:23. [PMID: 36547722 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-022-03426-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Bovine herpesvirus type 1 (BoHV 1) is a major bovine pathogen spreading worldwide and causing extensive damage to the livestock industry. BoHV causes respiratory, genital, and neurological disorders. A cross-sectional study was performed for the first time to estimate the seroreactivity to BoHV 1 and related risk factors among Iran's central desert dairy cattle. A total of 800 blood samples was randomly collected from 76 unvaccinated herds. Samples were tested with an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) commercial kit to detect BoHV 1 antibodies. The logistic regression model was used to analyze the data. BoHV 1 seroreactivity at animal and herd levels was 50% and 65%, respectively. Herd size was recognized as a risk factor (OR = 2.65, CI = 1.61-4.37) for seroreactivity to BoHV using GLM (p < 0.05). The high prevalence of BoHV 1 antibodies in the study area indicates the need to implement educational programs on the importance of the disease and design methods to control and prevent virus distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omid Karimi
- Department of Animal Viral Diseases Research, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran.
| | - Morteza Bitaraf Sani
- Animal Science Research Department, Yazd Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Yazd, Iran
| | - Mehran Bakhshesh
- Department of Animal Viral Diseases Research, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
| | - Javad Zareh Harofteh
- Animal Science Research Department, Yazd Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Yazd, Iran
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Ortiz-González AD, Buitrago HAL, Bulla-Castañeda DM, Lancheros-Buitrago DJ, Garcia-Corredor DJ, Díaz-Anaya AM, Tobón-Torreglosa JC, Ortiz-Ortega D, Pulido-Medellín MO. Seroprevalence and risk factors associated with bovine herpesvirus 1 in dairy herds of Colombia. Vet World 2022; 15:1550-1556. [PMID: 35993084 PMCID: PMC9375214 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2022.1550-1556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim: Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR) is an infectious disease widely distributed globally and is considered the main cause of various reproductive and respiratory tract diseases in cattle and buffaloes. This study aimed to estimate seroprevalence and determine risk factors associated with the presentation of IBR in the municipality of Sotaquirá, Boyacá (Colombia).
Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study with simple random sampling was performed, and the sample size was 1,000 cattle. Blood samples were obtained by coccygeal venipuncture and processed through indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using the Synbiotics® kit (Zoetis, New Jersey, USA) with a sensitivity and specificity of 96% and 98%, respectively. Data were processed using the statistical program EpiInfo® (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Atlanta, Georgia).
Results: A high seroprevalence of 57.5% was established. Seroprevalence was the highest in cattle >4 years of age (65.0% apparent seroprevalence [AS]; 67% true seroprevalence [TS]) and in the Holstein breed (65.5% AS; 67.8% TS). The breed and age of the animals were significantly associated with each other. The Holstein breed, age group >4 years, uncertified semen, and fetal death were established as risk factors for IBR. In comparison, the age groups of <1 and 1–2 years and the Normande breed were established as protective factors against the bovine herpesvirus-1 virus.
Conclusion: Management factors, such as livestock from other owners and animal purchases, which affect disease presentation, are evident. The implementation and development of novel prevention and control measures for IBR at the national level are necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aura Daniela Ortiz-González
- Grupo de Investigación en Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, Tunja, Colombia
| | - H. Alexander Lopez Buitrago
- Grupo de Investigación en Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, Tunja, Colombia
| | - Diana María Bulla-Castañeda
- Grupo de Investigación en Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, Tunja, Colombia
| | - D. Johana Lancheros-Buitrago
- Grupo de Investigación en Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, Tunja, Colombia
| | - Diego Jose Garcia-Corredor
- Grupo de Investigación en Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, Tunja, Colombia
| | - Adriana Maria Díaz-Anaya
- Grupo de Investigación en Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, Tunja, Colombia; Doctoral Program in Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Namur, Namur, Belgium
| | | | - Diego Ortiz-Ortega
- Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria, Mosquera, Colombia
| | - Martín Orlando Pulido-Medellín
- Grupo de Investigación en Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, Tunja, Colombia
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