1
|
Wang J, Ye Z, Chen Y, Qiao X, Jin Y. MicroRNA-25-5p negatively regulates TXNIP expression and relieves inflammatory responses of brain induced by lipopolysaccharide. Sci Rep 2022; 12:17915. [PMID: 36289253 PMCID: PMC9605969 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-21169-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is one of the most common causes of death in patients suffering from severe infection or injury. Currently, a specific effective therapy remains to be established. In the present study, miR-25-5p, miR-105, miR-106b-5p, miR-154-3p, miR-20b-5p, miR-295-3p, miR-291-3p, miR-301b, miR-352, and miR-93-5p were predicted to target TXNIP mRNA from the databases of miRDB, Targetscan, and microT-CDS. The luciferase reporter assay confirmed that miR-25-5p negatively regulates TXNIP expression. The ELISA analyses and western blotting demonstrated that miR-25-5p downregulated the production of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated cells or rats, as well as the protein levels of TXNIP, NLRP3, and cleaved caspase-1. In addition, miR-25-5p increased the cell viability and decreased the apoptosis in LPS-stimulated CTX TNA2 cells and reduced the abnormal morphology of the brain in LPS-stimulated rats. Besides, miR-25-5p decreased the relative mean fluorescence intensity of DCF in LPS-stimulated CTX TNA2 cell, apoptosis, and protein levels of MnSOD and catalase in LPS-stimulated brains. These findings indicate that miR-25-5p downregulated LPS-induced inflammatory responses, reactive oxygen species production, and brain damage, suggesting that miR-25-5p is a candidate treatment for septic encephalopathy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiabing Wang
- grid.440657.40000 0004 1762 5832Department of Pharmacy, Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Taizhou University, Taizhou, 318000 China
| | - Zhinan Ye
- grid.440657.40000 0004 1762 5832Department of Neurology, Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Taizhou University, Taizhou, 318000 China
| | - Yuan Chen
- grid.440657.40000 0004 1762 5832Department of Neurosurgery, Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Taizhou University, Taizhou, 318000 China
| | - Xinyu Qiao
- grid.440657.40000 0004 1762 5832Department of Neurology, Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Taizhou University, Taizhou, 318000 China
| | - Yong Jin
- grid.440657.40000 0004 1762 5832Department of Neurosurgery, Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Taizhou University, Taizhou, 318000 China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Magnoliae flos Downregulated Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammatory Responses via NF-κB/ERK-JNK MAPK/STAT3 Pathways. Mediators Inflamm 2022; 2022:6281892. [PMID: 35795403 PMCID: PMC9251077 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6281892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. Magnoliae flos is the dried flower bud of Magnolia biondii and related plants. It has been used as a medicinal herb for the treatment of rhinitis, sinusitis, and sinus headaches. Nevertheless, the effects of Magnoliae flos in microbial infection or sepsis remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of Magnoliae flos water extract (MF) in lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) induced septic mice and LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages. Results. We found that MF reduced the mortality of LPS-challenged mice. Enzyme immunoassays and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis revealed that MF administration attenuated mRNA expression and protein production of proinflammatory mediators, including cyclooxygenase 2, inducible nitric oxide synthase, tumor necrosis factor-α, and interleukin-6. In parallel to these results in mice, pretreatment with MF suppressed the LPS-induced production of proinflammatory mediators in RAW264.7 macrophages. In addition, we found that MF exerted its suppressive effects by inhibiting the activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase, nuclear factor-κB, and signal transducer and activator of transcription pathways at the protein level. Conclusion. MF could be a potential therapeutic agent for regulating excessive inflammatory responses in sepsis.
Collapse
|
3
|
Chen Y, Chi M, Qiao X, Wang J, Jin Y. Anti-inflammatory effect of ginsenoside Rg1 on LPS-induced septic encephalopathy and associated mechanism. Curr Neurovasc Res 2022; 19:38-46. [PMID: 35430992 DOI: 10.2174/1567202619666220414093130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sepsis frequently occurs in patients after infection and is highly associated with death. Septic encephalopathy is characterized by dysfunction of the central nervous system, of which the root cause is a systemic inflammatory response. Sepsis-associated encephalopathy is a severe disease that frequently occurs in children, resulting in high morbidity and mortality. OBJECTIVES In the present study, we aim to investigate the neuroprotective mechanism of ginsenoside Rg1 in response to septic encephalopathy. METHODS Effects of ginsenoside Rg1 on septic encephalopathy were determined by cell viability, cytotoxicity, ROS responses, and apoptosis assays and histological examination of brain. Inflammatory activities were evaluated by expression levels of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, and MCP-1 using qPCR and ELISA. Activities of signaling pathways in inflammation were estimated by the production of p-Erk1/2/Erk1/2, p-JNK/JNK, p-p38/p38, p-p65/p65, and p-IkBα/IkBα using western blot. RESULTS LPS simulation resulted in a significant increase in cytotoxicity, ROS responses, and apoptosis and a significant decrease in cell viability in CTX TNA2 cells, as well as brain damage in rats. Moreover, the production of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, and MCP-1 was significantly stimulated both in CTX TNA2 cells and in the brain, which confirmed the establishment of vitro and in vivo models of septic encephalopathy. The damage and inflammatory responses induced by LPS were significantly decreased by treatment with Rg1. Western blot analyses indicated Rg1 significantly decreased the production of p-Erk1/2/Erk1/2, p-JNK/JNK, p-p38/p38, p-p65/p65, and p-IkBα/IkBα in LPS-induced CTX TNA2 cells and in the brain. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggested that Rg1 inhibited the activation of NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways, which activate the production of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines. The findings of this study suggest that ginsenoside Rg1 is a candidate treatment for septic encephalopathy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Chen
- Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, China
| | - Miaomiao Chi
- Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, China
| | - Xinyu Qiao
- Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, China
| | - Jiabing Wang
- Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, China
| | - Yong Jin
- Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Browne K, Chakraborty S, Chen R, Willcox MDP, Black DS, Walsh WR, Kumar N. A New Era of Antibiotics: The Clinical Potential of Antimicrobial Peptides. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E7047. [PMID: 32987946 PMCID: PMC7582481 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21197047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 223] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance is a multifaceted crisis, imposing a serious threat to global health. The traditional antibiotic pipeline has been exhausted, prompting research into alternate antimicrobial strategies. Inspired by nature, antimicrobial peptides are rapidly gaining attention for their clinical potential as they present distinct advantages over traditional antibiotics. Antimicrobial peptides are found in all forms of life and demonstrate a pivotal role in the innate immune system. Many antimicrobial peptides are evolutionarily conserved, with limited propensity for resistance. Additionally, chemical modifications to the peptide backbone can be used to improve biological activity and stability and reduce toxicity. This review details the therapeutic potential of peptide-based antimicrobials, as well as the challenges needed to overcome in order for clinical translation. We explore the proposed mechanisms of activity, design of synthetic biomimics, and how this novel class of antimicrobial compound may address the need for effective antibiotics. Finally, we discuss commercially available peptide-based antimicrobials and antimicrobial peptides in clinical trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katrina Browne
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales (UNSW) Sydney, Sydney 2052, Australia; (K.B.); (S.C.); (R.C.)
| | - Sudip Chakraborty
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales (UNSW) Sydney, Sydney 2052, Australia; (K.B.); (S.C.); (R.C.)
| | - Renxun Chen
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales (UNSW) Sydney, Sydney 2052, Australia; (K.B.); (S.C.); (R.C.)
| | - Mark DP Willcox
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales (UNSW) Sydney, Sydney 2052, Australia;
| | - David StClair Black
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales (UNSW) Sydney, Sydney 2052, Australia; (K.B.); (S.C.); (R.C.)
| | - William R Walsh
- Surgical and Orthopaedic Research Laboratories (SORL), Prince of Wales Clinical School, Prince of Wales Hospital, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Randwick 2031, Australia;
| | - Naresh Kumar
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales (UNSW) Sydney, Sydney 2052, Australia; (K.B.); (S.C.); (R.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Abstract
Despite decades of laboratory, epidemiological and clinical research, breast cancer incidence continues to rise. Breast cancer remains the leading cancer-related cause of disease burden for women, affecting one in 20 globally and as many as one in eight in high-income countries. Reducing breast cancer incidence will likely require both a population-based approach of reducing exposure to modifiable risk factors and a precision-prevention approach of identifying women at increased risk and targeting them for specific interventions, such as risk-reducing medication. We already have the capacity to estimate an individual woman's breast cancer risk using validated risk assessment models, and the accuracy of these models is likely to continue to improve over time, particularly with inclusion of newer risk factors, such as polygenic risk and mammographic density. Evidence-based risk-reducing medications are cheap, widely available and recommended by professional health bodies; however, widespread implementation of these has proven challenging. The barriers to uptake of, and adherence to, current medications will need to be considered as we deepen our understanding of breast cancer initiation and begin developing and testing novel preventives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kara L Britt
- Breast Cancer Risk and Prevention Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
- The Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
| | - Jack Cuzick
- Centre for Cancer Prevention, Wolfson Institute of Preventive Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Kelly-Anne Phillips
- The Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Nedeva C, Menassa J, Puthalakath H. Sepsis: Inflammation Is a Necessary Evil. Front Cell Dev Biol 2019; 7:108. [PMID: 31281814 PMCID: PMC6596337 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2019.00108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is one of the leading causes of deaths world-wide and yet there are no therapies available other than ICU treatment. The patient outcome is determined by a complex interplay between the pro and anti-inflammatory responses of the body i.e., a homeostatic balance between these two competing events to be achieved for the patient’s recovery. The initial attempts on drug development mainly focused on controlling inflammation, however, without any tangible outcome. This was despite most deaths occurring during the immune paralysis stage of this biphasic disease. Recently, the focus has been shifting to understand immune paralysis (caused by apoptosis and by anti-inflammatory cytokines) to develop therapeutic drugs. In this review we put forth an argument for a proper understanding of the molecular basis of inflammation as well as apoptosis for developing an effective therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christina Nedeva
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Joseph Menassa
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Hamsa Puthalakath
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Jefferies D, Duff M, Nicholls D. Understanding the experience of women admitted to a psychiatric hospital in Sydney with psychosis or mania following childbirth after World War II (1945-1955). Int J Ment Health Nurs 2018; 27:702-711. [PMID: 28573787 DOI: 10.1111/inm.12357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, we investigated a unique set of historical health-care records of women admitted to a psychiatric hospital in Sydney, Australia with a diagnosis of psychosis or mania after childbirth in the post-World War II (WWII) period, from 1945 to 1955. This research is part of a larger project examining how the descriptions of these women documented in the health-care records from 1885 to 1975 affected their treatment and the outcome of their admission. In the present paper, we report on the findings from an intensive examination of the post WWII documents. Eighteen health-care records from a psychiatric facility (Gladesville Hospital) were identified from admission registers housed in the State Records Office of New South Wales in 2014. Although seven records had been destroyed, 11 were transcribed verbatim. The records contain demographic information; descriptions of the women's signs and symptoms on admission; and information about the women before, during, and after their admission found in letters from relatives or medical staff. A content analysis of admission information showed how the women were described by health-care professionals, but a textual analysis of the records revealed that there were other factors that could have contributed to the women's condition, which might not have been taken into consideration when treatment and care were devised. The present study demonstrates the value of investigating historical health-care records to understand how prevailing attitudes and practices might affect diagnosis and treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diana Jefferies
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Western Sydney University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Margaret Duff
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Western Sydney University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Daniel Nicholls
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Western Sydney University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ben Fredj M, Sriha Belguith A, Abroug H, Dhouib W, El Mhamdi S, Ben Salah A, Bouanene I, Amara A, Bhiri S, Sahtout M, Loussaief C, Soussi Soltani M. Hospitalizations for communicable diseases in a developing country: prevalence and trends-Monastir, Tunisia, 2002-2013. Int J Infect Dis 2017; 55:102-108. [PMID: 28104505 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2017.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2016] [Revised: 01/01/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In spite of the epidemiological transition, communicable diseases remain a public health problem and represent a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, especially in developing countries. This study aimed to determine the crude and standardized prevalence rates of hospitalizations for communicable disease (HCD) and to assess trends in HCD by age and sex at a university hospital in Tunisia over a period of 12 years (2002-2013). METHODS All cases of HCD from 2002 to 2013 in the university hospital departments were included. Data collected from the regional register of hospital morbidity were used. The discharge diagnoses were coded according to the International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision (ICD-10). RESULTS HCD represented 17.45% of all hospitalizations during the study period (34 289/196 488; 95% confidence interval 17.28-17.62%). The median age at the time of admission was 31 years (interquartile range (IQR) 15-52 years). The median hospital length of stay (LOS) was 5days (IQR 3-9 days). The crude prevalence rate (CPR) was 5.41 per 1000 inhabitants. The CPR was highest among patients aged ≥65 years. The four communicable disease categories that represented 70% of all HCD were abdominal infection, skin infection, genitourinary infection, and lower respiratory tract infection. The majority of HCD decreased over time; however, there was a significant increase in HIV diseases, tuberculosis, and viral hepatitis. CONCLUSION This study provides evidence of the epidemiological transition, showing a decline in communicable diseases, which needs to be sustained and improved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manel Ben Fredj
- Research Laboratory (LR12 SP17), Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University Hospital of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Asma Sriha Belguith
- Research Laboratory (LR12 SP17), Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University Hospital of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia.
| | - Hela Abroug
- Research Laboratory (LR12 SP17), Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University Hospital of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Wafa Dhouib
- Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Sana El Mhamdi
- Research Laboratory (LR12 SP17), Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University Hospital of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Arwa Ben Salah
- Research Laboratory (LR12 SP17), Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University Hospital of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Inès Bouanene
- Research Laboratory (LR12 SP17), Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University Hospital of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Amal Amara
- Research Laboratory (LR12 SP17), Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University Hospital of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Sana Bhiri
- Research Laboratory (LR12 SP17), Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University Hospital of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | | | - Chawki Loussaief
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Soussi Soltani
- Research Laboratory (LR12 SP17), Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University Hospital of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Shanmugasundaram T, Radhakrishnan M, Gopikrishnan V, Kadirvelu K, Balagurunathan R. In vitro antimicrobial and in vivo wound healing effect of actinobacterially synthesised nanoparticles of silver, gold and their alloy. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra08483h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibacterial, antifungal and wound healing potential of actinobacterially synthesised Ag, Au and Ag/Au nanoparticles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Krishna Kadirvelu
- DRDO-BU Centre for Life Sciences
- Bharathiar University Campus
- Coimbatore 641 046
- India
| | - Ramasamy Balagurunathan
- Actinobacterial Research Laboratory
- Department of Microbiology
- Periyar University
- Salem 636 011
- India
| |
Collapse
|