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Eidel M, Pfeiffer M, Ziebell P, Kübler A. Recording the tactile P300 with the cEEGrid for potential use in a brain-computer interface. Front Hum Neurosci 2024; 18:1371631. [PMID: 38957693 PMCID: PMC11218745 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2024.1371631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) are scientifically well established, but they rarely arrive in the daily lives of potential end-users. This could be in part because electroencephalography (EEG), a prevalent method to acquire brain activity for BCI operation, is considered too impractical to be applied in daily life of end-users with physical impairment as an assistive device. Hence, miniaturized EEG systems such as the cEEGrid have been developed. While they promise to be a step toward bridging the gap between BCI development, lab demonstrations, and home use, they still require further validation. Encouragingly, the cEEGrid has already demonstrated its ability to record visually and auditorily evoked event-related potentials (ERP), which are important as input signal for many BCIs. With this study, we aimed at evaluating the cEEGrid in the context of a BCI based on tactually evoked ERPs. To compare the cEEGrid with a conventional scalp EEG, we recorded brain activity with both systems simultaneously. Forty healthy participants were recruited to perform a P300 oddball task based on vibrotactile stimulation at four different positions. This tactile paradigm has been shown to be feasible for BCI repeatedly but has never been tested with the cEEGrid. We found distinct P300 deflections in the cEEGrid data, particularly at vertical bipolar channels. With an average of 63%, the cEEGrid classification accuracy was significantly above the chance level (25%) but significantly lower than the 81% reached with the EEG cap. Likewise, the P300 amplitude was significantly lower (cEEGrid R2-R7: 1.87 μV, Cap Cz: 3.53 μV). These results indicate that a tactile BCI using the cEEGrid could potentially be operated, albeit with lower efficiency. Additionally, participants' somatosensory sensitivity was assessed, but no correlation to the accuracy of either EEG system was shown. Our research contributes to the growing amount of literature comparing the cEEGrid to conventional EEG systems and provides first evidence that the tactile P300 can be recorded behind the ear. A BCI based on a thus simplified EEG system might be more readily accepted by potential end-users, provided the accuracy can be substantially increased, e.g., by training and improved classification.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Eidel
- Institute of Psychology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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Mazancieux A, Mauconduit F, Amadon A, Willem de Gee J, Donner TH, Meyniel F. Brainstem fMRI signaling of surprise across different types of deviant stimuli. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113405. [PMID: 37950868 PMCID: PMC10698303 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Detection of deviant stimuli is crucial to orient and adapt our behavior. Previous work shows that deviant stimuli elicit phasic activation of the locus coeruleus (LC), which releases noradrenaline and controls central arousal. However, it is unclear whether the detection of behaviorally relevant deviant stimuli selectively triggers LC responses or other neuromodulatory systems (dopamine, serotonin, and acetylcholine). We combine human functional MRI (fMRI) recordings optimized for brainstem imaging with pupillometry to perform a mapping of deviant-related responses in subcortical structures. Participants have to detect deviant items in a "local-global" paradigm that distinguishes between deviance based on the stimulus probability and the sequence structure. fMRI responses to deviant stimuli are distributed in many cortical areas. Both types of deviance elicit responses in the pupil, LC, and other neuromodulatory systems. Our results reveal that the detection of task-relevant deviant items recruits the same multiple subcortical systems across computationally different types of deviance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Mazancieux
- Cognitive Neuroimaging Unit, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux énergies alternatives, Centre national de la recherche scientifique, Université Paris-Saclay, NeuroSpin center, 91191 Gif/Yvette, France.
| | - Franck Mauconduit
- NeuroSpin, CEA, CNRS, BAOBAB, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-Sur-Yvette, France
| | - Alexis Amadon
- NeuroSpin, CEA, CNRS, BAOBAB, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-Sur-Yvette, France
| | - Jan Willem de Gee
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Tobias H Donner
- Section Computational Cognitive Neuroscience, Department of Neurophysiology and Pathophysiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Florent Meyniel
- Cognitive Neuroimaging Unit, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux énergies alternatives, Centre national de la recherche scientifique, Université Paris-Saclay, NeuroSpin center, 91191 Gif/Yvette, France; Institut de neuromodulation, GHU Paris, psychiatrie et neurosciences, centre hospitalier Sainte-Anne, pôle hospitalo-universitaire 15, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France.
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Firouzi M, Baetens K, Saeys M, Duta C, Baeken C, Van Overwalle F, Swinnen E, Deroost N. Differential effects of conventional and high-definition transcranial direct-current stimulation of the motor cortex on implicit motor sequence learning. Eur J Neurosci 2023; 58:4181-4194. [PMID: 37864365 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.16173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
Conventional transcranial direct-current stimulation (tDCS) delivered to the primary motor cortex (M1) has been shown to enhance implicit motor sequence learning (IMSL). Conventional tDCS targets M1 but also the motor association cortices (MAC), making the precise contribution of these areas to IMSL presently unclear. We aimed to address this issue by comparing conventional tDCS of M1 and MAC to 4 * 1 high-definition (HD) tDCS, which more focally targets M1. In this mixed-factorial, sham-controlled, crossover study in 89 healthy young adults, we used mixed-effects models to analyse sequence-specific and general learning effects in the acquisition and short- and long-term consolidation phases of IMSL, as measured by the serial reaction time task. Conventional tDCS did not influence general learning, improved sequence-specific learning during acquisition (anodal: M = 42.64 ms, sham: M = 32.87 ms, p = .041), and seemingly deteriorated it at long-term consolidation (anodal: M = 75.37 ms, sham: M = 86.63 ms, p = .019). HD tDCS did not influence general learning, slowed performance specifically in sequential blocks across all learning phases (all p's < .050), and consequently deteriorated sequence-specific learning during acquisition (anodal: M = 24.13 ms, sham: M = 35.67 ms, p = .014) and long-term consolidation (anodal: M = 60.03 ms, sham: M = 75.01 ms, p = .002). Our findings indicate that the observed superior conventional tDCS effects on IMSL are possibly attributable to a generalized stimulation of M1 and/or adjacent MAC, rather than M1 alone. Alternatively, the differential effects can be attributed to cathodal inhibition of other cortical areas involved in IMSL by the 4 * 1 HD tDCS return electrodes, and/or more variable electric field strengths induced by HD tDCS, compared with conventional tDCS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahyar Firouzi
- Brain, Body and Cognition Research Group, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Elsene, Belgium
- Rehabilitation Research Group, Department of Physiotherapy, Human Physiology and Anatomy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Jette, Belgium
- Center for Neurosciences (C4N), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Elsene, Belgium
| | - Kris Baetens
- Brain, Body and Cognition Research Group, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Elsene, Belgium
- Center for Neurosciences (C4N), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Elsene, Belgium
| | - Manon Saeys
- Brain, Body and Cognition Research Group, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Elsene, Belgium
- Center for Neurosciences (C4N), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Elsene, Belgium
| | - Catalina Duta
- Brain, Body and Cognition Research Group, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Elsene, Belgium
- Center for Neurosciences (C4N), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Elsene, Belgium
| | - Chris Baeken
- Brain, Body and Cognition Research Group, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Elsene, Belgium
- Department of Psychiatry and Medical Psychology, Ghent University, University Hospital Ghent (UZ Ghent), Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Psychiatry, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Jette, Belgium
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Hospital Brussel (UZ Brussel), Jette, Belgium
| | - Frank Van Overwalle
- Brain, Body and Cognition Research Group, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Elsene, Belgium
- Center for Neurosciences (C4N), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Elsene, Belgium
| | - Eva Swinnen
- Rehabilitation Research Group, Department of Physiotherapy, Human Physiology and Anatomy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Jette, Belgium
- Center for Neurosciences (C4N), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Elsene, Belgium
| | - Natacha Deroost
- Brain, Body and Cognition Research Group, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Elsene, Belgium
- Center for Neurosciences (C4N), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Elsene, Belgium
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Showkath N, Sinha M, Ghate JR, Agrawal S, Mandal S, Sinha R. EEG-ERP Correlates of Cognitive Dysfunction in Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome. Ann Neurosci 2022; 29:225-232. [PMID: 37064285 PMCID: PMC10101155 DOI: 10.1177/09727531221115318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) has been shown to affect the psychological and cognitive status of a woman. However, amidst various conflicting reports in this regard, very few studies attempted to assess these aspects objectively using electroencephalography (EEG) and event-related potential (ERP). Purpose To assess changes in neurocognitive and psychological parameters of PCOS women without any other comorbidities. Methods PCOS women aged 18 years to 35 years, diagnosed from obstetrics and gynecology OPD who are otherwise free of any other comorbidities, were assessed for psychological status (anxiety and depression using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and Beck Depression Inventory, respectively). Thereafter, a cognitive assessment was done subjectively by the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) questionnaire and objectively by using EEG [absolute and relative power of alpha, beta, and theta waves along with theta/beta ratios (TBR) and theta/alpha ratio (TAR)] and P300 amplitude and latency of ERP during a visual oddball paradigm task in control ( n = 30) and PCOS ( n = 37) subjects. Results PCOS women showed significantly higher anxiety and depression scores along with low MoCA scores. Significantly reduced absolute alpha, increased frontal beta, and markedly increased theta (relative) power with increased TAR in the PCOS group were seen. Also, a significant reduction in P300 amplitude with prolonged latency during the visual oddball paradigm task was evident in them. Conclusion Reduced alpha and higher theta activity with increased TAR are indicative of poor neural processing ability. Reduced P300 amplitude with more latency also suggests a cognitive decline, which is corroborated by reduced MoCA scores. Our study objectively indicates the presence of subclinical cognitive impairment in PCOS patients even without any comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neethu Showkath
- Department of Physiology, Travancore Medical College, Kollam, Kerala, India
| | - Meenakshi Sinha
- Department of Physiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Jayshri R. Ghate
- Department of Physiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Sarita Agrawal
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Sucharita Mandal
- Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Kalyani, West Bengal, India
| | - Ramanjan Sinha
- Department of Physiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
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Evaluation of a Fast Test Based on Biometric Signals to Assess Mental Fatigue at the Workplace-A Pilot Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182211891. [PMID: 34831645 PMCID: PMC8621458 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182211891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Non-pathological mental fatigue is a recurring, but undesirable condition among people in the fields of office work, industry, and education. This type of mental fatigue can often lead to negative outcomes, such as performance reduction and cognitive impairment in education; loss of focus and burnout syndrome in office work; and accidents leading to injuries or death in the transportation and manufacturing industries. Reliable mental fatigue assessment tools are promising in the improvement of performance, mental health and safety of students and workers, and at the same time, in the reduction of risks, accidents and the associated economic loss (e.g., medical fees and equipment reparations). The analysis of biometric (brain, cardiac, skin conductance) signals has proven to be effective in discerning different stages of mental fatigue; however, many of the reported studies in the literature involve the use of long fatigue-inducing tests and subject-specific models in their methodologies. Recent trends in the modeling of mental fatigue suggest the usage of non subject-specific (general) classifiers and a time reduction of calibration procedures and experimental setups. In this study, the evaluation of a fast and short-calibration mental fatigue assessment tool based on biometric signals and inter-subject modeling, using multiple linear regression, is presented. The proposed tool does not require fatigue-inducing tests, which allows fast setup and implementation. Electroencephalography, photopletismography, electrodermal activity, and skin temperature from 17 subjects were recorded, using an OpenBCI helmet and an Empatica E4 wristband. Correlations to self-reported mental fatigue levels (using the fatigue assessment scale) were calculated to find the best mental fatigue predictors. Three-class mental fatigue models were evaluated, and the best model obtained an accuracy of 88% using three features, β/θ (C3), and the α/θ (O2 and C3) ratios, from one minute of electroencephalography measurements. The results from this pilot study show the feasibility and potential of short-calibration procedures and inter-subject classifiers in mental fatigue modeling, and will contribute to the use of wearable devices for the development of tools oriented to the well-being of workers and students, and also in daily living activities.
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Feng T, Li Y. The Time Course of Event-Related Brain Potentials in Athletes' Mental Rotation With Different Spatial Transformations. Front Behav Neurosci 2021; 15:675446. [PMID: 34211377 PMCID: PMC8239182 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2021.675446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies have found that athletes outperformed non-athletes in mental rotation tasks with both object-based and egocentric transformations (ET), but the effect of sport expertise on the processing stages (i.e., perceptual stage, rotation stage, and decision stage) remains conflicted. Bearing the view that the stages occur sequentially and the high temporal resolution of event-related brain potentials, this study focused on brain processing during mental rotation and was designed to determine the time course of electrophysiological changes in athletes and non-athletes. A total of 42 divers and non-athletes were recruited for the study. A mental body rotation task with object-based and egocentric transformation conditions was conducted, and the reaction time (RT), accuracy, performance stages, N2 latency, amplitude, and the amplitude of rotation-related negativity (RRN) were recorded. Behavioral results demonstrated higher accuracy for athletes at 120° and 180°. Moreover, as compared to non-athletes, the enlarged amplitude of N2 and RRN were confirmed in both transformations for athletes and were correlated with the performance stages and athletes' professional training years. The present study provided a deeper insight into the relationship between sports training, behavior performance, and brain activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Feng
- Department of Social Sports, Physical Education College of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yawei Li
- Department of Sports, Physical Education College of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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Li F, Xu X. Electrophysiological evidence for the coexistence of expectancy fulfillment and semantic integration during the processing of binding and compound nouns. Int J Psychophysiol 2021; 166:25-37. [PMID: 33984365 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2021.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This study employed electrophysiological measures to investigate the processes of expectancy fulfillment and semantic integration during the processing of binding and compound nouns in Chinese. Sequential expectancy and cloze probability between the two constituents of a two-character noun were manipulated in two experiments, resulting in four types of target characters (i.e., the final characters of two-character nouns): (i) high-cloze, binding character (HB); (ii) high-cloze, compound character (HC); (iii) low-cloze, binding character (LB); (iv) low-cloze, compound character (LC). Participants were asked to judge as quickly and accurately as possible whether the two characters, presented sequentially, formed a real word. The two experiments varied in stimulus onset asynchrony (SOA) between the initial and the target characters: 1000 ms and 300 ms. ERPs acquired at the target characters revealed a significant semantic integration effect in both experiments whereby low-cloze target characters elicited more negative-going activities than high-cloze target characters (L > H) with both long and short SOAs. Importantly, there was a graded N400 effect (LC = LB > HC > HB) at the central region: a clearly visible positive deflection for HB relative to HC in synchrony with an equivalence in negativity for LB and LC. This graded pattern was observed with an SOA of 1000 ms but not 300 ms. These results are discussed in terms of the possible coexistence of an expectancy fulfillment mechanism indexed by the P300 that monitors incoming information for realization of expectancies based on stored mental representations and a semantic integration mechanism indexed by the N400 that incorporates incoming information into the preceding context based on semantic-pragmatic knowledge. Manifestation of this coexistence appears sensitive to SOA-modulated attention orientation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Li
- School of Foreign Languages, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China.
| | - Xu Xu
- School of Foreign Languages, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China.
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Kan Y, Xue W, Zhao H, Wang X, Guo X, Duan H. The discrepant effect of acute stress on cognitive inhibition and response inhibition. Conscious Cogn 2021; 91:103131. [PMID: 33862365 DOI: 10.1016/j.concog.2021.103131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate how acute stress impinges on individual's cognitive inhibition and response inhibition abilities. Electroencephalography was adopted when 35 healthy adult females performing the No Go Flanker task before and after the Trier Social Stress Test. Both inhibition processes evoked N2 and P3 components, but only the response inhibition evoked the late positive potential (LPP), indicating the response inhibition needed continuous cognitive effort to inhibit the prepotent response. The N2 and the P3 amplitudes were decreased, while the LPP amplitudes were increased under acute stress. These results suggested that acute stress caused the detrimental effect by occupying cognitive resources. Contrastingly, individuals actively regulated and made more efforts to counteract the detrimental effect of acute stress on response inhibition. Thus, acute stress impaired cognitive inhibition but did not affect response inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuecui Kan
- School of Psychology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wenlong Xue
- Key Laboratory of Modern Teaching Technology, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hanxuan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Modern Teaching Technology, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xuewei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Modern Teaching Technology, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaoyu Guo
- Key Laboratory of Modern Teaching Technology, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Haijun Duan
- Key Laboratory of Modern Teaching Technology, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China.
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Harper J, Liu M, Malone SM, McGue M, Iacono WG, Vrieze SI. Using multivariate endophenotypes to identify psychophysiological mechanisms associated with polygenic scores for substance use, schizophrenia, and education attainment. Psychol Med 2021; 52:1-11. [PMID: 33731234 PMCID: PMC8448784 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291721000763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To better characterize brain-based mechanisms of polygenic liability for psychopathology and psychological traits, we extended our previous report (Liu et al. Psychophysiological endophenotypes to characterize mechanisms of known schizophrenia genetic loci. Psychological Medicine, 2017), focused solely on schizophrenia, to test the association between multivariate psychophysiological candidate endophenotypes (including novel measures of θ/δ oscillatory activity) and a range of polygenic scores (PGSs), namely alcohol/cannabis/nicotine use, an updated schizophrenia PGS (containing 52 more genome-wide significant loci than the PGS used in our previous report) and educational attainment. METHOD A large community-based twin/family sample (N = 4893) was genome-wide genotyped and imputed. PGSs were constructed for alcohol use, regular smoking initiation, lifetime cannabis use, schizophrenia, and educational attainment. Eleven endophenotypes were assessed: visual oddball task event-related electroencephalogram (EEG) measures (target-related parietal P3 amplitude, frontal θ, and parietal δ energy/inter-trial phase clustering), band-limited resting-state EEG power, antisaccade error rate. Principal component analysis exploited covariation among endophenotypes to extract a smaller number of meaningful dimensions/components for statistical analysis. RESULTS Endophenotypes were heritable. PGSs showed expected intercorrelations (e.g. schizophrenia PGS correlated positively with alcohol/nicotine/cannabis PGSs). Schizophrenia PGS was negatively associated with an event-related P3/δ component [β = -0.032, nonparametric bootstrap 95% confidence interval (CI) -0.059 to -0.003]. A prefrontal control component (event-related θ/antisaccade errors) was negatively associated with alcohol (β = -0.034, 95% CI -0.063 to -0.006) and regular smoking PGSs (β = -0.032, 95% CI -0.061 to -0.005) and positively associated with educational attainment PGS (β = 0.031, 95% CI 0.003-0.058). CONCLUSIONS Evidence suggests that multivariate endophenotypes of decision-making (P3/δ) and cognitive/attentional control (θ/antisaccade error) relate to alcohol/nicotine, schizophrenia, and educational attainment PGSs and represent promising targets for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy Harper
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, MN, USA
| | - Mengzhen Liu
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, MN, USA
| | - Stephen M. Malone
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, MN, USA
| | - Matt McGue
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, MN, USA
| | - William G. Iacono
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, MN, USA
| | - Scott I. Vrieze
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, MN, USA
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Kóbor A, Kardos Z, Horváth K, Janacsek K, Takács Á, Csépe V, Nemeth D. Implicit anticipation of probabilistic regularities: Larger CNV emerges for unpredictable events. Neuropsychologia 2021; 156:107826. [PMID: 33716039 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2021.107826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Anticipation of upcoming events plays a crucial role in automatic behaviors. It is, however, still unclear whether the event-related brain potential (ERP) markers of anticipation could track the implicit acquisition of probabilistic regularities that can be considered as building blocks of automatic behaviors. Therefore, in a four-choice reaction time (RT) task performed by young adults (N = 36), the contingent negative variation (CNV) as an ERP marker of anticipation was measured from the onset of a cue stimulus until the presentation of a target stimulus. Due to the probability structure of the task, target stimuli were either predictable or unpredictable, but this was unknown to participants. The cue did not contain predictive information on the upcoming target. Results showed that the CNV amplitude during response preparation was larger before the unpredictable than before the predictable target stimuli. In addition, although RTs increased, the P3 amplitude decreased for the unpredictable as compared with the predictable target stimuli, possibly due to the stronger response preparation that preceded stimulus presentation. These results suggest that enhanced attentional resources are allocated to the implicit anticipation and processing of unpredictable events. This might originate from the formation of internal models on the probabilistic regularities of the stimulus stream, which primarily facilitates the processing of predictable events. Overall, we provide ERP evidence that supports the role of implicit anticipation and predictive processes in the acquisition of probabilistic regularities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Kóbor
- Brain Imaging Centre, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar tudósok körútja 2, H-1117, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Zsófia Kardos
- Brain Imaging Centre, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar tudósok körútja 2, H-1117, Budapest, Hungary; Department of Cognitive Science, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Egry József utca 1, H-1111, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Kata Horváth
- Doctoral School of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Izabella utca 46, H-1064, Budapest, Hungary; Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Izabella utca 46, H-1064, Budapest, Hungary; Brain, Memory and Language Research Group, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar tudósok körútja 2, H-1117, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Karolina Janacsek
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Izabella utca 46, H-1064, Budapest, Hungary; Brain, Memory and Language Research Group, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar tudósok körútja 2, H-1117, Budapest, Hungary; Centre of Thinking and Learning, Institute for Lifecourse Development, School of Human Sciences, Faculty of Education, Health and Human Sciences, University of Greenwich, Old Royal Naval College, Park Row, 150 Dreadnought, SE10 9LS, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ádám Takács
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine of the TU Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Valéria Csépe
- Brain Imaging Centre, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar tudósok körútja 2, H-1117, Budapest, Hungary; Faculty of Modern Philology and Social Sciences, University of Pannonia, Egyetem utca 10, H-8200, Veszprém, Hungary
| | - Dezso Nemeth
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Izabella utca 46, H-1064, Budapest, Hungary; Brain, Memory and Language Research Group, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar tudósok körútja 2, H-1117, Budapest, Hungary; Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), Université de Lyon, Centre Hospitalier Le Vinatier, Bâtiment 462, Neurocampus 95 Boulevard Pinel, 69675, Bron, Lyon, France.
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11
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Lou Y, Lei Y, Astikainen P, Peng W, Otieno S, Leppänen PHT. Brain responses of dysphoric and control participants during a self-esteem implicit association test. Psychophysiology 2021; 58:e13768. [PMID: 33538346 DOI: 10.1111/psyp.13768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have reported lowered implicit self-esteem at the behavioral level among depressed individuals. However, brain responses related to the lowered implicit self-esteem have not been investigated in people with depression. Here, event-related potentials were measured in 28 dysphoric participants (individuals with elevated amounts of depressive symptoms) and 30 control participants during performance of an implicit association task (IAT) suggested to reflect implicit self-esteem. Despite equivalent behavioral performance, differences in brain responses were observed between the dysphoric and the control groups in late positive component (LPC) within 400-1,000 ms poststimulus latency. For the dysphoric group, self-negativity mapping stimuli (me with negative word pairing and not-me with positive word pairing) induced significantly larger LPC amplitude as compared to self-positivity mapping stimuli (me with positive pairing and not-me with negative pairing), whereas the control group showed the opposite pattern. These results suggest a more efficient categorization toward implicit self-is-negative association, possibly reflecting lower implicit self-esteem among the dysphoric participants, in comparison to the controls. These results demonstrate the need for further investigation into the functional significance of LPC modulation during IAT and determination of whether LPC can be used as a neural marker of depressive-related implicit self-esteem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixue Lou
- Institute for Brain and Psychological Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education and Psychology, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland.,School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yi Lei
- Institute for Brain and Psychological Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, China
| | - Piia Astikainen
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education and Psychology, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Weiwei Peng
- School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Suzanne Otieno
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education and Psychology, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Paavo H T Leppänen
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education and Psychology, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
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12
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Harper J, Malone SM, Iacono WG. Parietal P3 and midfrontal theta prospectively predict the development of adolescent alcohol use. Psychol Med 2021; 51:416-425. [PMID: 31736455 PMCID: PMC7231637 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291719003258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Subclinical adolescent alcohol use is highly prevalent and may have deleterious effects on important psychosocial and brain outcomes. Prior research has focused on identifying endophenotypes of pathological drinking, and the predictors of normative drinking remain understudied. This study investigated the incremental predictive value of two potential psychophysiological endophenotypes, P3 amplitude (an index of decision making) and midfrontal theta power (a correlate of attentional control), for prospectively predicting the expression and initiation of alcohol use emerging in adolescence. METHODS A large (N = 594) epidemiological sample was prospectively assessed at ages 11/14/17. Alcohol/substance use was assessed at all ages via a computerized self-report inventory. EEG was recorded at age-14 during a visual oddball task to elicit P3 and theta. RESULTS Reduced target-related P3 and theta at age-14 prospectively predicted drinking at age-17 independent of one another. Among alcohol-naive individuals at age-14, attenuated P3 and theta increased the odds of new-onset alcohol behaviors 3 years later. Importantly, the endophenotypes provided significant incremental predictive power of future non-clinical alcohol use beyond relevant risk factors (prior alcohol use; tobacco/illicit drug initiation; parental alcohol use disorder). CONCLUSIONS The current report is the first of our knowledge to demonstrate that deviations in parietal P3 and midfrontal theta prospectively predict the emergence of normative/non-pathological drinking. P3 and theta provide modest yet significant explanatory variance beyond prominent self-report and familial risk measures. Findings offer strong evidence supporting the predictive utility of P3 and theta as candidate endophenotypes for adolescent drinking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy Harper
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, 75 East River Road, Minneapolis, MN55455, USA
| | - Stephen M Malone
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, 75 East River Road, Minneapolis, MN55455, USA
| | - William G Iacono
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, 75 East River Road, Minneapolis, MN55455, USA
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13
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Talkington WJ, Donai J, Kadner AS, Layne ML, Forino A, Wen S, Gao S, Gray MM, Ashraf AJ, Valencia GN, Smith BD, Khoo SK, Gray SJ, Lass N, Brefczynski-Lewis JA, Engdahl S, Graham D, Frum CA, Lewis JW. Electrophysiological Evidence of Early Cortical Sensitivity to Human Conspecific Mimic Voice as a Distinct Category of Natural Sound. JOURNAL OF SPEECH, LANGUAGE, AND HEARING RESEARCH : JSLHR 2020; 63:3539-3559. [PMID: 32936717 PMCID: PMC8060013 DOI: 10.1044/2020_jslhr-20-00063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Purpose From an anthropological perspective of hominin communication, the human auditory system likely evolved to enable special sensitivity to sounds produced by the vocal tracts of human conspecifics whether attended or passively heard. While numerous electrophysiological studies have used stereotypical human-produced verbal (speech voice and singing voice) and nonverbal vocalizations to identify human voice-sensitive responses, controversy remains as to when (and where) processing of acoustic signal attributes characteristic of "human voiceness" per se initiate in the brain. Method To explore this, we used animal vocalizations and human-mimicked versions of those calls ("mimic voice") to examine late auditory evoked potential responses in humans. Results Here, we revealed an N1b component (96-120 ms poststimulus) during a nonattending listening condition showing significantly greater magnitude in response to mimics, beginning as early as primary auditory cortices, preceding the time window reported in previous studies that revealed species-specific vocalization processing initiating in the range of 147-219 ms. During a sound discrimination task, a P600 (500-700 ms poststimulus) component showed specificity for accurate discrimination of human mimic voice. Distinct acoustic signal attributes and features of the stimuli were used in a classifier model, which could distinguish most human from animal voice comparably to behavioral data-though none of these single features could adequately distinguish human voiceness. Conclusions These results provide novel ideas for algorithms used in neuromimetic hearing aids, as well as direct electrophysiological support for a neurocognitive model of natural sound processing that informs both neurodevelopmental and anthropological models regarding the establishment of auditory communication systems in humans. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.12903839.
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Affiliation(s)
- William J. Talkington
- Department of Neuroscience, Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown
| | - Jeremy Donai
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, College of Education and Human Services, West Virginia University, Morgantown
| | - Alexandra S. Kadner
- Department of Neuroscience, Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown
| | - Molly L. Layne
- Department of Neuroscience, Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown
| | - Andrew Forino
- Department of Neuroscience, Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown
| | - Sijin Wen
- Department of Biostatistics, West Virginia University, Morgantown
| | - Si Gao
- Department of Biostatistics, West Virginia University, Morgantown
| | - Margeaux M. Gray
- Department of Biology, Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown
| | - Alexandria J. Ashraf
- Department of Biology, Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown
| | - Gabriela N. Valencia
- Department of Neuroscience, Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown
| | - Brandon D. Smith
- Department of Biology, Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown
| | - Stephanie K. Khoo
- Department of Biology, Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown
| | - Stephen J. Gray
- Department of Neuroscience, Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown
| | - Norman Lass
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, College of Education and Human Services, West Virginia University, Morgantown
| | | | - Susannah Engdahl
- Department of Neuroscience, Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown
| | - David Graham
- Department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering, West Virginia University, Morgantown
| | - Chris A. Frum
- Department of Neuroscience, Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown
| | - James W. Lewis
- Department of Neuroscience, Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown
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14
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Detection of Solitary Pulmonary Nodules Based on Brain-Computer Interface. COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE 2020; 2020:4930972. [PMID: 32617117 PMCID: PMC7312740 DOI: 10.1155/2020/4930972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Solitary pulmonary nodules are the main manifestation of pulmonary lesions. Doctors often make diagnosis by observing the lung CT images. In order to further study the brain response structure and construct a brain-computer interface, we propose an isolated pulmonary nodule detection model based on a brain-computer interface. First, a single channel time-frequency feature extraction model is constructed based on the analysis of EEG data. Second, a multilayer fusion model is proposed to establish the brain-computer interface by connecting the brain electrical signal with a computer. Finally, according to image presentation, a three-frame image presentation method with different window widths and window positions is proposed to effectively detect the solitary pulmonary nodules.
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15
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de Tommaso M, Betti V, Bocci T, Bolognini N, Di Russo F, Fattapposta F, Ferri R, Invitto S, Koch G, Miniussi C, Piccione F, Ragazzoni A, Sartucci F, Rossi S, Arcara G, Berchicci M, Bianco V, Delussi M, Gentile E, Giovannelli F, Mannarelli D, Marino M, Mussini E, Pauletti C, Pellicciari MC, Pisoni A, Raggi A, Valeriani M. Pearls and pitfalls in brain functional analysis by event-related potentials: a narrative review by the Italian Psychophysiology and Cognitive Neuroscience Society on methodological limits and clinical reliability-part I. Neurol Sci 2020; 41:2711-2735. [PMID: 32388645 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-020-04420-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Event-related potentials (ERPs) are obtained from the electroencephalogram (EEG) or the magnetoencephalogram (MEG, event-related fields (ERF)), extracting the activity that is time-locked to an event. Despite the potential utility of ERP/ERF in cognitive domain, the clinical standardization of their use is presently undefined for most of procedures. The aim of the present review is to establish limits and reliability of ERP medical application, summarize main methodological issues, and present evidence of clinical application and future improvement. The present section of the review focuses on well-standardized ERP methods, including P300, Contingent Negative Variation (CNV), Mismatch Negativity (MMN), and N400, with a chapter dedicated to laser-evoked potentials (LEPs). One section is dedicated to proactive preparatory brain activity as the Bereitschaftspotential and the prefrontal negativity (BP and pN). The P300 and the MMN potentials have a limited but recognized role in the diagnosis of cognitive impairment and consciousness disorders. LEPs have a well-documented usefulness in the diagnosis of neuropathic pain, with low application in clinical assessment of psychophysiological basis of pain. The other ERP components mentioned here, though largely applied in normal and pathological cases and well standardized, are still confined to the research field. CNV, BP, and pN deserve to be largely tested in movement disorders, just to explain possible functional changes in motor preparation circuits subtending different clinical pictures and responses to treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina de Tommaso
- Applied Neurophysiology and Pain Unit-AnpLab-University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Viviana Betti
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia (Santa Lucia Foundation), Rome, Italy
| | - Tommaso Bocci
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Nadia Bolognini
- Department of Psychology & NeuroMi, University of Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy.,Laboratory of Neuropsychology, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Di Russo
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Sara Invitto
- INSPIRE - Laboratory of Cognitive and Psychophysiological Olfactory Processes, University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | - Giacomo Koch
- IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia (Santa Lucia Foundation), Rome, Italy.,Department of Neuroscience, Policlinico Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Carlo Miniussi
- Center for Mind/Brain Sciences - CIMeC, University of Trento, Rovereto, Italy.,Cognitive Neuroscience Section, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - Francesco Piccione
- Brain Imaging and Neural Dynamics Research Group, IRCCS San Camillo Hospital, Venice, Italy
| | - Aldo Ragazzoni
- Unit of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Fondazione PAS, Scandicci, Florence, Italy
| | - Ferdinando Sartucci
- Section of Neurophysiopathology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.,CNR Institute of Neuroscience, Pisa, Italy
| | - Simone Rossi
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience Siena Brain Investigation and Neuromodulation Lab (SI-BIN Lab), University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Giorgio Arcara
- Brain Imaging and Neural Dynamics Research Group, IRCCS San Camillo Hospital, Venice, Italy
| | - Marika Berchicci
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Bianco
- IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia (Santa Lucia Foundation), Rome, Italy.,Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy
| | - Marianna Delussi
- Applied Neurophysiology and Pain Unit-AnpLab-University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Eleonora Gentile
- Applied Neurophysiology and Pain Unit-AnpLab-University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Fabio Giovannelli
- Section of Psychology - Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research, Child Health, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Daniela Mannarelli
- Department of Human Neuroscience, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Marino
- Brain Imaging and Neural Dynamics Research Group, IRCCS San Camillo Hospital, Venice, Italy
| | - Elena Mussini
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy
| | - Caterina Pauletti
- Department of Human Neuroscience, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Alberto Pisoni
- Department of Psychology & NeuroMi, University of Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Alberto Raggi
- Unit of Neurology, G.B. Morgagni - L. Pierantoni Hospital, Forlì, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Valeriani
- Neurology Ward Unit, Bambino Gesù Hospital, Rome, Italy. .,Center for Sensory-Motor Interaction, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark.
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16
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Gan X, Yao Y, Liu H, Zong X, Cui R, Qiu N, Xie J, Jiang D, Ying S, Tang X, Dong L, Gong D, Ma W, Liu T. Action Real-Time Strategy Gaming Experience Related to Increased Attentional Resources: An Attentional Blink Study. Front Hum Neurosci 2020; 14:101. [PMID: 32341688 PMCID: PMC7163005 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2020.00101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Action real-time strategy gaming (ARSG) is a cognitively demanding task which requires attention, sensorimotor skills, team cooperation, and strategy-making abilities. A recent study found that ARSG experts had superior visual selective attention (VSA) for detecting the location of a moving object that could appear in one of 24 different peripheral locations (Qiu et al., 2018), suggesting that ARSG experience is related to improvements in the spatial component of VSA. However, the influence of ARSG experience on the temporal component of VSA-the detection of an item among a sequence of items presented consecutively and quickly at a single location-still remains understudied. Using behavioral and electrophysiological measures, this study examined whether ARSG experts had superior temporal VSA performance compared to non-experts in an attentional blink (AB) task, which is typically used to examine temporal VSA. The results showed that the experts outperformed the non-experts in their detection rates of targets. Furthermore, compared to the non-experts, the experts had faster information processing as indicated by earlier P3 peak latencies in an AB period, more attentional resources distributed to targets as indicated by stronger P3 amplitudes, and a more flexible deployment of attentional resources. These findings suggest that experts were less prone to the AB effect. Thus, long-term ARSG experience is related to improvements in temporal VSA. The current findings support the benefit of video gaming experience on the development of VSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianyang Gan
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Center for Information in Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yutong Yao
- Faculty of Natural Science, University of Stirling, Stirling, United Kingdom
| | - Hui Liu
- Education Center for Students Cultural Qualities, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Xin Zong
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Center for Information in Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Ruifang Cui
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Center for Information in Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Nan Qiu
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Center for Information in Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiaxin Xie
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Center for Information in Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Dong Jiang
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Center for Information in Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Shaofei Ying
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Center for Information in Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Xingfeng Tang
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Center for Information in Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Dong
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Center for Information in Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Diankun Gong
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Center for Information in Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Weiyi Ma
- School of Human Environmental Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - Tiejun Liu
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Center for Information in Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
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17
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Hoppe K, Wascher E, Küper K. Feature Overlap and Relevance Determine Sequential Modulations in the Simon Task. J PSYCHOPHYSIOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1027/0269-8803/a000239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Abstract. Subjects usually respond faster and more accurate in trials in which the response location corresponds to a task-irrelevant stimulus location compared to when not. Previous research has shown, that this so-called Simon effect is reduced after non-corresponding compared to after corresponding trials. As of now it is yet unclear what exact mechanisms drive such sequential modulations. One theory assumes a conflict adaptation mechanism that decreases the influence of incongruent information after non-corresponding trials via increased cognitive control. However, other authors claim that feature integration processes may be the underlying mechanism as the amount of feature overlap differs between different correspondence sequences. Unfortunately, this also means that in the standard Simon task the repetition of task features and correspondence sequences are not independent. In order to address this issue, we mapped four stimuli to two responses in the present EEG study. This way, we created a task, which allows for sequences in which the stimulus identity may change without alternating the required response. These sequences may either comprise a change of the stimulus position or not and the contribution of feature integration as well as conflict adaptation processes could thus be observed independently. Our results indicate that the repetition of task features affects performance to a stronger degree than the correspondence sequence and feature integration processes do. Yet, an impact of both could still be observed. The strongest effect of feature repetitions on task performance was observed for task-relevant features, especially for the imperative stimulus identity itself. The EEG results support these findings. The amplitudes of the fronto-central N2 and the parietal P3 decreased with increasing feature overlap from one trial to the next. The posterior lateralization, reflected by the posterior contralateral negativity (PCN), however, appears to reflect mainly changes in the stimulus location and stimulus–response (S–R) correspondence rather than feature repetitions per se.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Hoppe
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Edmund Wascher
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Kristina Küper
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Dortmund, Germany
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18
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Abstract
In our physical environment as well as in many experimental paradigms, we need to decide whether an occurring stimulus is relevant to us or not; further, stimuli have uneven probabilities to emerge. Both, decision making and the difference between rare and frequent stimuli (oddball effect) are described to affect pupil dilation. Surprisingly though, conjoint systematic pupillometric investigations into both factors are still rare. In two experiments, both factors as well as their interplay were investigated. Participants completed a sequential letter matching task. In this task, stimulus probability and letter matching (decision making) were manipulated independently. As dependent variables, pupil dilation and reaction time were assessed. Results suggest a clearly larger pupil dilation for target than for distractor letters, even when targets were frequent and distractors rare. When considering the data structure best, no main effect of stimulus probability was found, instead, oddball effects only emerged when stimuli were goal-relevant to participants. The results are discussed in the light of common theoretical concepts of decision making and stimulus probability. Finally, relating theories of each factor, we propose an integrated framework for effects of decision making and stimulus features on pupil dilation. We assume a sequential mechanism during which incoming stimuli are decided upon regarding their goal relevance and, about 200 ms later, relevant stimuli are appraised regarding their value.
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19
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Pomè A, Binda P, Cicchini GM, Burr DC. Pupillometry correlates of visual priming, and their dependency on autistic traits. J Vis 2020; 20:3. [DOI: 10.1167/jovi.20.3.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Pomè
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Pharmacology and Child Health, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Paola Binda
- Department of Translational Research on New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- Institute of Neuroscience, National Research Council, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - David C. Burr
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Pharmacology and Child Health, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- Institute of Neuroscience, National Research Council, Pisa, Italy
- School of Psychology, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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20
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Pomè A, Binda P, Cicchini GM, Burr DC. Pupillometry correlates of visual priming, and their dependency on autistic traits. J Vis 2020; 20:3. [PMID: 32181859 PMCID: PMC7405690 DOI: 10.1167/jov.20.3.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In paradigms of visual search where the search feature (say color) can change from trial to trials, responses are faster for trials where the search color is repeated than when it changes. This is a clear example of "priming" of attention. Here we test whether the priming effects can be revealed by pupillometry, and also whether they are related to autistic-like personality traits, as measured by the Autism-Spectrum Quotient (AQ). We repeated Maljkovic and Nakayama's (1994) classic priming experiment, asking subjects to identify rapidly the shape of a singleton target defined by color. As expected, reaction times were faster when target color repeated, and the effect accumulated over several trials; but the magnitude of the effect did not correlate with AQ. Reaction times were also faster when target position was repeated, again independent of AQ. Presentation of stimuli caused the pupil to dilate, and the magnitude of dilation was greater for switched than repeated trials. This effect did not accumulate over trials, and did not correlate with the reaction times difference, suggesting that the two indexes measure independent aspects of the priming phenomenon. Importantly, the amplitude of pupil modulation correlated negatively with AQ, and was significant only for those participants with low AQ. The results confirm that pupillometry can track perceptual and attentional processes, and furnish useful information unobtainable from standard psychophysics, including interesting dependencies on personality traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Pomè
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Pharmacology and Child Health, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Paola Binda
- Department of Translational Research on New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy,Institute of Neuroscience, National Research Council, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - David C. Burr
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Pharmacology and Child Health, University of Florence, Florence, Italy,Institute of Neuroscience, National Research Council, Pisa, Italy,School of Psychology, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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21
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Yu L, Wang X, Lyu Y, Ding L, Jia J, Tong S, Guo X. Electrophysiological Evidences for the Rotational Uncertainty Effect in the Hand Mental Rotation: An ERP and ERS/ERD Study. Neuroscience 2020; 432:205-215. [PMID: 32135235 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2020.02.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Revised: 02/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Rotational uncertainty refers to the fact that the reaction time (RT) for identifying an upright stimulus is longer when the target stimulus is presented in a sequence of stimuli with different orientations (SU condition) than upright stimuli only (AU condition). Up until now, the rotational uncertainty effect has been only revealed by behavior measures, and its underlying neural mechanism remains unclear. In this study, using the hand mental rotation paradigm and electroencephalogram (EEG) recordings, we aimed to find the electrophysiological evidences of the rotational uncertainty from event-related potential (ERP) and event-related (de)synchronization (ERS/ERD) measurements. Compared with the upright hand stimuli in AU condition, the same stimuli in SU condition took longer RT, elicited stronger α-ERD and β-ERD, and evoked larger P100, P300 and the slow wave (SW) from -500 ms to -200 ms before response. In particular, the amplitude of SW difference (i.e., SWSU - SWAU) was negatively correlated with the extent of rotational uncertainty effect (i.e., RTSU - RTAU), with its source mainly in the right precentral and postcentral gyri, precuneus, and the left inferior parietal lobule. Our results suggested that identifying the upright hand stimuli in SU condition induced more activation of motor networks, and the rotational uncertainty influenced multiple cognitive processes from the early visual processing to the late mental rotation and judging phases. The results implied that in SU condition, subjects might maintain readiness for the next possible mental rotation immediately after the previous response, with more attention to the coming visual stimuli. Even for the upright stimuli, they might still prepare for the mental rotation, and even mentally rotate the stimuli in a minor angle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingxiao Yu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu Wang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanyuan Lyu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Ding
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Jia
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shanbao Tong
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Xiaoli Guo
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
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22
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Verleger R. Effects of relevance and response frequency on P3b amplitudes: Review of findings and comparison of hypotheses about the process reflected by P3b. Psychophysiology 2020; 57:e13542. [DOI: 10.1111/psyp.13542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rolf Verleger
- Department of Neurology University of Lübeck Lübeck Germany
- Institute of Psychology II University of Lübeck Lübeck Germany
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23
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Undorf M, Amaefule CO, Kamp SM. The neurocognitive basis of metamemory: Using the N400 to study the contribution of fluency to judgments of learning. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2020; 169:107176. [PMID: 32001337 DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2020.107176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Metamemory is crucial for monitoring, evaluating, and optimizing memory performance. The basis of metamemory, however, is a matter of considerable debate. In the present study, we examined the contribution of processing fluency-the ease of processing information during learning-to metamemory judgments. We recorded event-related potentials (ERPs) while participants studied related and unrelated word pairs across two study-test cycles in a judgment of learning (JOL) task. In the first study-test cycle, related pairs were associated with better cued recall, higher JOLs, and a reduced N400 amplitude than unrelated pairs. Crucially, between- and within subject correlational analyses indicated that reduced N400 amplitudes, indexing more fluent processing, were associated with higher JOLs. Furthermore, single-trial N400 mediated a small but significant portion of the relatedness effect on JOLs. In the second study-test cycle, relatedness still increased recall and JOLs. However, related and unrelated pairs did not differ in N400 amplitude. Rather, unrelated pairs elicited a parietal positivity in a later time window that partially mediated the relatedness effect on JOLs. Together, these results suggest that processing fluency, indexed by the N400, contributes to the relatedness effect on JOLs when novel word pairs are learned, but not when previously studied pairs are relearned. Our results also imply that aspects of fluency not captured by the N400 and/or explicit beliefs about memory contribute to JOLs. This study demonstrates the utility of ERPs in gaining new insights into the neurocognitive mechanisms of metamemory.
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24
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Evaluating a Semiautonomous Brain-Computer Interface Based on Conformal Geometric Algebra and Artificial Vision. COMPUTATIONAL INTELLIGENCE AND NEUROSCIENCE 2019; 2019:9374802. [PMID: 31885534 PMCID: PMC6925707 DOI: 10.1155/2019/9374802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, we evaluate a semiautonomous brain-computer interface (BCI) for manipulation tasks. In such a system, the user controls a robotic arm through motor imagery commands. In traditional process-control BCI systems, the user has to provide those commands continuously in order to manipulate the effector of the robot step-by-step, which results in a tiresome process for simple tasks such as pick and replace an item from a surface. Here, we take a semiautonomous approach based on a conformal geometric algebra model that solves the inverse kinematics of the robot on the fly, and then the user only has to decide on the start of the movement and the final position of the effector (goal-selection approach). Under these conditions, we implemented pick-and-place tasks with a disk as an item and two target areas placed on the table at arbitrary positions. An artificial vision (AV) algorithm was used to obtain the positions of the items expressed in the robot frame through images captured with a webcam. Then, the AV algorithm is integrated into the inverse kinematics model to perform the manipulation tasks. As proof-of-concept, different users were trained to control the pick-and-place tasks through the process-control and semiautonomous goal-selection approaches so that the performance of both schemes could be compared. Our results show the superiority in performance of the semiautonomous approach as well as evidence of less mental fatigue with it.
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25
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Kóbor A, Horváth K, Kardos Z, Takács Á, Janacsek K, Csépe V, Nemeth D. Tracking the implicit acquisition of nonadjacent transitional probabilities by ERPs. Mem Cognit 2019; 47:1546-1566. [PMID: 31236822 PMCID: PMC6823303 DOI: 10.3758/s13421-019-00949-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The implicit acquisition of complex probabilistic regularities has been found to be crucial in numerous automatized cognitive abilities, including language processing and associative learning. However, it has not been completely elucidated how the implicit extraction of second-order nonadjacent transitional probabilities is reflected by neurophysiological processes. Therefore, this study investigated the sensitivity of event-related brain potentials (ERPs) to these probabilistic regularities embedded in a sequence of visual stimuli without providing explicit information on the structure of the stimulus stream. Healthy young adults (N = 32) performed a four-choice RT task that included a sequential regularity between nonadjacent trials yielding a complex transitional probability structure. ERPs were measured relative to both stimulus and response onset. RTs indicated the rapid acquisition of the sequential regularity and the transitional probabilities. The acquisition process was also tracked by the stimulus-locked and response-locked P3 component: The P3 peak was larger for the sequence than for the random stimuli, while the late P3 was larger for less probable than for more probable short-range relations among the random stimuli. According to the RT and P3 effects, sensitivity to the sequential regularity is assumed to be supported by the initial sensitivity to the transitional probabilities. These results suggest that stimulus-response contingencies on the probabilistic regularities of the ongoing stimulus context are implicitly mapped and constantly revised. Overall, this study (1) highlights the role of predictive processes during implicit memory formation, and (2) delineates a potential to gain further insight into the dynamics of implicit acquisition processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Kóbor
- Brain Imaging Centre, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Magyar tudósok körútja 2, Budapest, H–1117 Hungary
| | - Kata Horváth
- Doctoral School of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Izabella utca 46, Budapest, H–1064 Hungary
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Izabella utca 46, Budapest, H–1064 Hungary
- Brain, Memory and Language Research Group, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Magyar tudósok körútja 2, Budapest, H–1117 Hungary
| | - Zsófia Kardos
- Brain Imaging Centre, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Magyar tudósok körútja 2, Budapest, H–1117 Hungary
- Department of Cognitive Science, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Egry József utca 1, Budapest, H-1111 Hungary
| | - Ádám Takács
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Izabella utca 46, Budapest, H–1064 Hungary
| | - Karolina Janacsek
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Izabella utca 46, Budapest, H–1064 Hungary
- Brain, Memory and Language Research Group, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Magyar tudósok körútja 2, Budapest, H–1117 Hungary
| | - Valéria Csépe
- Brain Imaging Centre, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Magyar tudósok körútja 2, Budapest, H–1117 Hungary
- Department of Cognitive Science, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Egry József utca 1, Budapest, H-1111 Hungary
| | - Dezso Nemeth
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Izabella utca 46, Budapest, H–1064 Hungary
- Brain, Memory and Language Research Group, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Magyar tudósok körútja 2, Budapest, H–1117 Hungary
- Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), INSERM, CNRS, Université de Lyon, Centre Hospitalier Le Vinatier–Bâtiment 462–Neurocampus 95 Boulevard Pinel, 69675 Bron, Lyon France
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26
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Revisiting the relationship between the P3b and working memory updating. Biol Psychol 2019; 148:107769. [PMID: 31525391 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2019.107769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 08/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The P3b is an extensively studied neurophysiological phenomenon that is predominantly explained in the cognitive neuroscience literature as reflecting context updating, presumably in working memory (WM). Despite the prevalence and influence of the context updating hypothesis, direct empirical support for the role of WM updating in eliciting the P3b is still missing. The present study was designed to address the empirical gap in understanding the functional role of P3b in general, and specifically in relation to WM updating. A mass-univariate approach was used to test the unique contribution of WM updating, categorization, and stimulus probability to the P3b. The results indicated that the P3b is only modulated by the categorization process, a finding that challenges the WM updating hypothesis. Taken together these results, we suggest that the P3b reflects a WM guided target identification mechanism, which operates as part of a goal-directed learning strategy.
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27
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Hünerli D, Emek-Savaş DD, Çavuşoğlu B, Dönmez Çolakoğlu B, Ada E, Yener GG. Mild cognitive impairment in Parkinson’s disease is associated with decreased P300 amplitude and reduced putamen volume. Clin Neurophysiol 2019; 130:1208-1217. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2019.04.314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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28
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Muller-Gass A, Duncan M, Tavakoli P, Campbell K. Individual differences in feedback processing affect perceptual learning. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2019.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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29
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Ragazzoni A, Di Russo F, Fabbri S, Pesaresi I, Di Rollo A, Perri RL, Barloscio D, Bocci T, Cosottini M, Sartucci F. "Hit the missing stimulus". A simultaneous EEG-fMRI study to localize the generators of endogenous ERPs in an omitted target paradigm. Sci Rep 2019; 9:3684. [PMID: 30842443 PMCID: PMC6403295 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-39812-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Event-Related Potentials (ERPs) occurring independently from any stimulus are purely endogenous (emitted potentials) and their neural generators can be unequivocally linked with cognitive processes. In the present study, the subjects performed two similar visual counting tasks: a standard two-stimulus oddball, and an omitted-target oddball task, characterized by the physical absence of the target stimulus. Our investigation aimed at localizing the neural sources of the scalp-recorded endogenous/emitted ERPs. To optimize the source localization, the high temporal resolution of electrophysiology was combined with the fine spatial information provided by the simultaneous recording of functional magnetic resonance (fMRI). Both tasks identified two endogenous ERP components in the 300 to 520 ms interval. An earlier component, pP2, showed a bilateral generator in the anterior Insula. A later P3 component (P3b) was generated bilaterally in the temporal-parietal junction, the premotor and motor area and the anterior intraparietal sulcus (this latter one only in the standard oddball). Anticipatory slow waves (beginning 900 to 500 ms pre-stimulus), also of endogenous nature, were produced by the inferior and middle frontal gyrus and the supplementary and cingulate motor areas. Our protocol disentangled pre- from post-stimulus fMRI activations and provided original clues to the psychophysiological interpretation of emitted/endogenous ERPs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Francesco Di Russo
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy.
| | - Serena Fabbri
- Neuroradiology Unit, A.O.U.P., Pisa, Italy.,Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Andrea Di Rollo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Unit of Neurophysiopathology, Pisa University Medical School, Pisa, Italy
| | - Rinaldo Livio Perri
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy
| | - Davide Barloscio
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Unit of Neurophysiopathology, Pisa University Medical School, Pisa, Italy
| | - Tommaso Bocci
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Unit of Neurophysiopathology, Pisa University Medical School, Pisa, Italy.,"Aldo Ravelli" Center for Neurotechnology and Experiental Brain Therapeutics, Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan & ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, Milan, Italy
| | - Mirco Cosottini
- Neuroradiology Unit, A.O.U.P., Pisa, Italy.,Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Ferdinando Sartucci
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Unit of Neurophysiopathology, Pisa University Medical School, Pisa, Italy.,CNR, Neuroscience Institute, Pisa, Italy
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30
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The oddball effect on P3 disappears when feature relevance or feature-response mappings are unknown. Exp Brain Res 2018; 236:2781-2796. [DOI: 10.1007/s00221-018-5334-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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31
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Bojorges-Valdez E, Yanez-Suarez O. Association between EEG spectral power dynamics and event related potential amplitude on a P300 speller. Biomed Phys Eng Express 2018. [DOI: 10.1088/2057-1976/aaa15e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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32
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Walk AM, Raine LB, Kramer AF, Cohen NJ, Khan NA, Hillman CH. Differential Effects of Carbohydrates on Behavioral and Neuroelectric Indices of Selective Attention in Preadolescent Children. Front Hum Neurosci 2017; 11:614. [PMID: 29326572 PMCID: PMC5742340 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2017.00614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The importance of breakfast consumption for ideal cognitive performance has received much attention in recent years, although research on the topic has yielded mixed results. The present study utilized event-related brain potentials (ERPs) elicited during a modified flanker task to investigate the neuroelectric implications of receiving different mixed macronutrient beverages after an overnight fast. A repeated measures design was employed whereby preadolescent participants (9–10 years of age) completed cognitive testing while ERPs were collected during two non-consecutive testing sessions, one in which they received one of three treatment beverages consisting of mixed-macronutrient formulations (either Carbohydrate Blend, Sucrose, Maltodextrin) and the other in which they received a placebo drink containing Sucralose. Performance indices, ERPs, and blood glucose were recorded at three time points before the testing session and after the ingestion of each drink. While the behavioral performance indices and N2 results showed some evidence of glucose facilitation, the effects were small and selective. Participants who received the Maltodextrin treatment showed faster reaction times and more stable N2 amplitudes after ingesting the treatment beverage. The most robust effects were seen in the P3 amplitude measurement. Across the three drink groups, participants showed a marked amplitude increase over time after the placebo drink was ingested, although P3 amplitudes remained stable when a carbohydrate treatment drink was ingested. These effects were eliminated when changes in blood glucose were accounted for, suggesting that the neurolectric effects were directly related to glycemic change. These findings suggest that ingestion of carbohydrates after an overnight fast results in changes to the P3 amplitude of the ERP waveform elicited during an attentional inhibition task.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne M Walk
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, United States
| | - Lauren B Raine
- Department of Psychology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Arthur F Kramer
- Department of Psychology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States.,Beckman Institute, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, United States
| | - Neal J Cohen
- Beckman Institute, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, United States.,Department of Psychology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, United States.,Center for Learning, Nutrition, & Memory, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, United States
| | - Naiman A Khan
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, United States.,Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, United States
| | - Charles H Hillman
- Department of Psychology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Health Science, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States
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Verleger R, Cäsar S, Siller B, Śmigasiewicz K. On Why Targets Evoke P3 Components in Prediction Tasks: Drawing an Analogy between Prediction and Matching Tasks. Front Hum Neurosci 2017; 11:497. [PMID: 29066965 PMCID: PMC5641317 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2017.00497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
P3 is the most conspicuous component in recordings of stimulus-evoked EEG potentials from the human scalp, occurring whenever some task has to be performed with the stimuli. The process underlying P3 has been assumed to be the updating of expectancies. More recently, P3 has been related to decision processing and to activation of established stimulus-response associations (S/R-link hypothesis). However, so far this latter approach has not provided a conception about how to explain the occurrence of P3 with predicted stimuli, although P3 was originally discovered in a prediction task. The present article proposes such a conception. We assume that the internal responses right or wrong both become associatively linked to each predicted target and that one of these two response alternatives gets activated as a function of match or mismatch of the target to the preceding prediction. This seems similar to comparison tasks where responses depend on the matching of the target stimulus with a preceding first stimulus (S1). Based on this idea, this study compared the effects of frequencies of first events (predictions or S1) on target-evoked P3s in prediction and comparison tasks. Indeed, frequencies not only of targets but also of first events had similar effects across tasks on target-evoked P3s. These results support the notion that P3 evoked by predicted stimuli reflects activation of appropriate internal “match” or “mismatch” responses, which is compatible with S/R-link hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rolf Verleger
- Department of Neurology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.,Institute of Psychology II, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Stephanie Cäsar
- Department of Neurology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Bastian Siller
- Department of Neurology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Kamila Śmigasiewicz
- Department of Neurology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.,Laboratoire de Neuroscience Cognitive, Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, Marseille, France
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34
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Hoppe K, Küper K, Wascher E. Sequential Modulations in a Combined Horizontal and Vertical Simon Task: Is There ERP Evidence for Feature Integration Effects? Front Psychol 2017; 8:1094. [PMID: 28713305 PMCID: PMC5492773 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 06/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In the Simon task, participants respond faster when the task-irrelevant stimulus position and the response position are corresponding, for example on the same side, compared to when they have a non-corresponding relation. Interestingly, this Simon effect is reduced after non-corresponding trials. Such sequential effects can be explained in terms of a more focused processing of the relevant stimulus dimension due to increased cognitive control, which transfers from the previous non-corresponding trial (conflict adaptation effects). Alternatively, sequential modulations of the Simon effect can also be due to the degree of trial-to-trial repetitions and alternations of task features, which is confounded with the correspondence sequence (feature integration effects). In the present study, we used a spatially two-dimensional Simon task with vertical response keys to examine the contribution of adaptive cognitive control and feature integration processes to the sequential modulation of the Simon effect. The two-dimensional Simon task creates correspondences in the vertical as well as in the horizontal dimension. A trial-by-trial alternation of the spatial dimension, for example from a vertical to a horizontal stimulus presentation, generates a subset containing no complete repetitions of task features, but only complete alternations and partial repetitions, which are equally distributed over all correspondence sequences. In line with the assumed feature integration effects, we found sequential modulations of the Simon effect only when the spatial dimension repeated. At least for the horizontal dimension, this pattern was confirmed by the parietal P3b, an event-related potential that is assumed to reflect stimulus-response link processes. Contrary to conflict adaptation effects, cognitive control, measured by the fronto-central N2 component of the EEG, was not sequentially modulated. Overall, our data provide behavioral as well as electrophysiological evidence for feature integration effects contributing to sequential modulations of the Simon effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Hoppe
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors (IfADo), TU Dortmund, DortmundGermany
| | - Kristina Küper
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors (IfADo), TU Dortmund, DortmundGermany
| | - Edmund Wascher
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors (IfADo), TU Dortmund, DortmundGermany
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35
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Effects on P3 of spreading targets and response prompts apart. Biol Psychol 2017; 126:1-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2017.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Revised: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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36
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Lyu Y, Guo X, Bekrater-Bodmann R, Flor H, Tong S. An event-related potential study on the time course of mental rotation in upper-limb amputees. Clin Neurophysiol 2017; 128:744-750. [PMID: 28319874 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2017.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Revised: 01/26/2017] [Accepted: 02/10/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Mental rotation of body parts involves sequential cognitive processes, including visual processing, categorization and the mental rotation process itself. However, how these processes are affected by the amputation of a limb is still unclear. METHODS Twenty-five right upper-limb amputees and the same number of matched healthy controls participated in a hand mental rotation task. Thirty-two-channel electroencephalography (EEG) was recorded and the event-related potentials (ERPs) were analyzed. RESULTS In the early visual processing phase, amputees and controls showed a similar P100. During the categorization phase, the amputees exhibited a decreased N200 compared with controls, and the decline was positively correlated with the time since amputation. In the mental rotation phase, controls had a larger ERP for the right upright hand than for the left upright hand, while amputees had a larger ERP for the left (intact) upright hand than for the right (affected) upright hand. CONCLUSIONS Early visual processing was not affected by limb amputation. However, the perceptual salience of hand pictures decreased and the intact hand gained more significance in the amputees. SIGNIFICANCE Event-related potentials had the capability of showing the differences in categorization and mental rotation phases between amputees and controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Lyu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; Department of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim 68159, Germany
| | - Xiaoli Guo
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Robin Bekrater-Bodmann
- Department of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim 68159, Germany
| | - Herta Flor
- Department of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim 68159, Germany
| | - Shanbao Tong
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
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37
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Leftward bias in orienting to and disengaging attention from salient task-irrelevant events in rapid serial visual presentation. Neuropsychologia 2017; 94:96-105. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2016.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2016] [Revised: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Van der Lubbe RHJ, Kuniecki M. Editorial Special Issue: Neuronus. Adv Cogn Psychol 2016; 12:150-153. [PMID: 28154611 PMCID: PMC5279853 DOI: 10.5709/acp-0194-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This special issue of the 12th volume of Advances in Cognitive Psychology is
devoted to the Neuronus conference that took place in Kraków in 2015. In this
editorial letter, we will focus on a selection of the materials and some
follow-up research that was presented during this conference. We will also
briefly introduce the conference contributions that successfully passed an
external reviewing process.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michał Kuniecki
- Psychophysiological Laboratory of the Jagiellonian University,
Kraków, Poland
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Verleger R, Haake M, Baur A, Śmigasiewicz K. Time to Move Again: Does the Bereitschaftspotential Covary with Demands on Internal Timing? Front Hum Neurosci 2016; 10:642. [PMID: 28066213 PMCID: PMC5174124 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2016.00642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
When Bereitschaftspotentials (BPs) are measured, participants are required to voluntarily perform a predefined number of identical movements, with varying intervals between movements, exceeding some obligatory minimum interval. Participants might cope with these demands on timing by installing a slow, broadly tuned rhythm of activation, serving as an internal trigger for executing movements in time. The BP might reflect the rising phase of this activation, culminating at the movement. If so (i) not only should BP amplitudes become larger, but BPs should also have their onsets earlier before movements when longer minimum intervals are required between movements (Experiment 1). Further, (ii) BP amplitudes should covary with demands on internal timing: decrease when internal timing is less necessary and increase in the other case. Variation of timing demands was realized by requiring participants to count vs. not to count the seconds between movements (Experiment 1) and by regular vs. irregular vs. no ticking of a clock (Experiment 2). Prediction (i) was confirmed while prediction (ii) was not. Thus, BP onsets did vary in accordance with the temporal constraints about when the movements should be performed, suggesting some relation to timing mechanisms, but we could not provide evidence for the notion that the process reflected by BPs is this timing mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rolf Verleger
- Department of Neurology, University of LübeckLübeck, Germany; Institute of Psychology II, University of LübeckLübeck, Germany
| | - Mechthild Haake
- Department of Neurology, University of Lübeck Lübeck, Germany
| | - Alexandra Baur
- Department of Neurology, University of Lübeck Lübeck, Germany
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Is P3 a strategic or a tactical component? Relationships of P3 sub-components to response times in oddball tasks with go, no-go and choice responses. Neuroimage 2016; 143:223-234. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2016.08.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2016] [Revised: 08/18/2016] [Accepted: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Verleger R, Grauhan N, Śmigasiewicz K. Go and no-go P3 with rare and frequent stimuli in oddball tasks: A study comparing key-pressing with counting. Int J Psychophysiol 2016; 110:128-136. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2016.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Revised: 10/10/2016] [Accepted: 11/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Van der Lubbe RHJ, Blom JHG, De Kleine E, Bohlmeijer ET. Comparing the effects of sustained and transient spatial attention on the orienting towards and the processing of electrical nociceptive stimuli. Int J Psychophysiol 2016; 112:9-21. [PMID: 27888065 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2016.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Revised: 10/31/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
We examined whether sustained vs. transient spatial attention differentially affect the processing of electrical nociceptive stimuli. Cued nociceptive stimuli of a relevant intensity (low or high) on the left or right forearm required a foot pedal press. The cued side varied trial wise in the transient attention condition, while it remained constant during a series of trials in the sustained attention condition. The orienting phase preceding the nociceptive stimuli was examined by focusing on lateralized EEG activity. ERPs were computed to examine the influence of spatial attention on the processing of the nociceptive stimuli. Results for the orienting phase showed increased ipsilateral alpha and beta power above somatosensory areas in both the transient and the sustained attention conditions, which may reflect inhibition of ipsilateral and/or disinhibition of contralateral somatosensory areas. Cued nociceptive stimuli evoked a larger N130 than uncued stimuli, both in the transient and the sustained attention conditions. Support for increased efficiency of spatial attention in the sustained attention condition was obtained for the N180 and the P540 component. We concluded that spatial attention is more efficient in the case of sustained than in the case of transient spatial attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rob H J Van der Lubbe
- Cognitive Psychology and Ergonomics, University of Twente, The Netherlands; Cognitive Psychology, University of Finance and Management, Warszawa, Poland.
| | - Jorian H G Blom
- Cognitive Psychology and Ergonomics, University of Twente, The Netherlands
| | - Elian De Kleine
- Psychology, Health & Technology, University of Twente, The Netherlands
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Verleger R, Grauhan N, Śmigasiewicz K. Effects of response delays and of unknown stimulus-response mappings on the oddball effect on P3. Psychophysiology 2016; 53:1858-1869. [PMID: 27593167 DOI: 10.1111/psyp.12756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 08/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
P3b is a prominent component of human event-related EEG potentials. P3b has been related to consciousness, encoding into memory, and updating of strategic schemata, among others, yet evidence has also been provided for its close relationship with deciding how to respond to the presented stimuli. P3b is large with rarely occurring stimuli and small with frequent ones. Here, we investigate the extent to which this oddball effect depends on selecting and executing responses. Participants pressed one of two keys in response to one of two letters, one of which was presented rarely and one frequently. Information about letter-key mapping was provided by a second stimulus. In different blocks, this mapping stimulus was either constant across trials or varied randomly, and either preceded or followed the letter. The oddball effect was reduced when responses were delayed (by waiting for the constant mapping stimulus following the letter) and was further reduced when responses could not be assigned to the letters (because letters were followed by varying mapping stimuli). This evidence suggests that P3b is closely related to decision processes, possibly reflecting reactivation of stimulus-response links.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rolf Verleger
- Department of Neurology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.,Institute of Psychology II, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Nils Grauhan
- Department of Neurology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
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