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He S, Wang Y, Luo Y, Xue M, Wu M, Tan H, Peng Y, Wang K, Fang M. Integrated analysis strategy of genome-wide functional gene mining reveals DKK2 gene underlying meat quality in Shaziling synthesized pigs. BMC Genomics 2024; 25:30. [PMID: 38178019 PMCID: PMC10765619 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09925-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Shaziling pig is a well-known indigenous breed in China who has superior meat quality traits. However, the genetic mechanism and genomic evidence underlying meat quality characteristics of Shaziling pigs are still unclear. To explore and investigate the germplasm characteristics of Shaziling pigs, we totally analyzed 67 individual's whole genome sequencing data for the first time (20 Shaziling pigs [S], 20 Dabasha pigs [DBS], 11 Yorkshire pigs [Y], 10 Berkshire pigs [BKX], 5 Basha pigs [BS] and 1 Warthog). RESULTS A total of 2,538,577 SNPs with high quality were detected and 9 candidate genes which was specifically selected in S and shared in S to DBS were precisely mined and screened using an integrated analysis strategy of identity-by-descent (IBD) and selective sweep. Of them, dickkopf WNT signaling pathway inhibitor 2 (DKK2), the antagonist of Wnt signaling pathway, was the most promising candidate gene which was not only identified an association of palmitic acid and palmitoleic acid quantitative trait locus in PigQTLdb, but also specifically selected in S compared to other 48 Chinese local pigs of 12 populations and 39 foreign pigs of 4 populations. Subsequently, a mutation at 12,726-bp of DKK2 intron 1 (g.114874954 A > C) was identified associated with intramuscular fat content using method of PCR-RFLP in 21 different pig populations. We observed DKK2 specifically expressed in adipose tissues. Overexpression of DKK2 decreased the content of triglyceride, fatty acid synthase and expression of relevant genes of adipogenic and Wnt signaling pathway, while interference of DKK2 got contrary effect during adipogenesis differentiation of porcine preadipocytes and 3T3-L1 cells. CONCLUSIONS Our findings provide an analysis strategy for mining functional genes of important economic traits and provide fundamental data and molecular evidence for improving pig meat quality traits and molecular breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuaihan He
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yubei Wang
- Sanya Institute of China Agricultural University, Sanya, 572025, China
| | - Yabiao Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Mingming Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Maisheng Wu
- Xiangtan Bureau of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine and Aquatic Product, Xiangtan, 411102, China
| | - Hong Tan
- Xiangtan Bureau of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine and Aquatic Product, Xiangtan, 411102, China
| | - Yinglin Peng
- Hunan Institute of Animal & Veterinary Science, Changsha, 410131, China
| | - Kejun Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
| | - Meiying Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
- Sanya Institute of China Agricultural University, Sanya, 572025, China.
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Listyarini K, Sumantri C, Rahayu S, Islam MA, Akter SH, Uddin MJ, Gunawan A. Hepatic Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Genes, Polymorphisms, and Molecules Related to Lamb Tenderness. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13040674. [PMID: 36830461 PMCID: PMC9951696 DOI: 10.3390/ani13040674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Tenderness is a key meat quality trait that determines the public acceptance of lamb consumption, so genetic improvement toward lamb with higher tenderness is pivotal for a sustainable sheep industry. However, unravelling the genomics controlling the tenderness is the first step. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the transcriptome signatures and polymorphisms related to divergent lamb tenderness using RNA deep sequencing. Since the molecules and enzymes that control muscle growth and tenderness are metabolized and synthesized in the liver, hepatic tissues of ten sheep with divergent phenotypes: five high- and five low-lamb tenderness samples were applied for deep sequencing. Sequence analysis identified the number of reads ranged from 21.37 to 25.37 million bases with a mean value of 22.90 million bases. In total, 328 genes are detected as differentially expressed (DEGs) including 110 and 218 genes that were up- and down-regulated, respectively. Pathway analysis showed steroid hormone biosynthesis as the dominant pathway behind the lamb tenderness. Gene expression analysis identified the top high (such as TP53INP1, CYP2E1, HSD17B13, ADH1C, and LPIN1) and low (such as ANGPTL2, IGFBP7, FABP5, OLFML3, and THOC5) expressed candidate genes. Polymorphism and association analysis revealed that mutation in OLFML3, ANGPTL2, and THOC5 genes could be potential candidate markers for tenderness in sheep. The genes and pathways identified in this study cause variation in tenderness, thus could be potential genetic markers to improve meat quality in sheep. However, further validation is needed to confirm the effect of these markers in different sheep populations so that these could be used in a selection program for lamb with high tenderness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasita Listyarini
- Graduate School of Animal Production and Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University, Bogor 16680, Indonesia
| | - Cece Sumantri
- Department of Animal Production and Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University, Bogor 16680, Indonesia
| | - Sri Rahayu
- Department of Animal Production and Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University, Bogor 16680, Indonesia
| | - Md. Aminul Islam
- Immunogenomics and Alternative Medicine (IAM) Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Syeda Hasina Akter
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Muhammad Jasim Uddin
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
- Center for Biosecurity and One Health, Harry Butler Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
- Correspondence: (M.J.U.); (A.G.)
| | - Asep Gunawan
- Department of Animal Production and Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University, Bogor 16680, Indonesia
- Correspondence: (M.J.U.); (A.G.)
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3
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Jin XC, Peng DQ, Kim SJ, Kim NY, Nejad JG, Kim D, Smith SB, Lee HG. Vitamin A supplementation downregulates ADH1C and ALDH1A1 mRNA expression in weaned beef calves. ANIMAL NUTRITION 2022; 10:372-381. [PMID: 35949197 PMCID: PMC9356019 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2022.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Our previous studies demonstrated that oral vitamin A supplementation during late-stage pregnancy and the neonatal stage enhances birth weight, growth performance, and mRNA expression related to muscle and preadipocyte development in beef cattle. The alcohol dehydrogenase 1C (ADH1C) c.-64T > C genotype also correlated with vitamin A concentration in beef production. This study aimed to investigate the effects of vitamin A supplementation on the muscle development and vitamin A metabolism in weaned beef calves with different ADH1C genotypes. Twenty male calves (90 d of age; initial BW: 89.03 kg [SD 8.60]) were stratified according to ADH1C genotype and vitamin A treatment (duration: 3 months) and randomly assigned to 4 groups with a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement. Vitamin A treatments included the following: control (10,000 IU/kg of as-fed, a. TT type; b. TC type); treatment (40,000 IU/kg of as-fed, c. TT type; and d. TC type). Parameters including BW, FI, blood, longissimus dorsi muscle, and liver status during the experimental period were analyzed using the generalized linear model (GLM) procedure and Tukey's test by SAS 9.4 program. Serum vitamin A was significantly increased (P < 0.05) in the vitamin A treatment group at 4 and 6 months of age. TT type calves showed higher serum vitamin A concentration (P < 0.05) than the TC type calves. Serum triglyceride and non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) levels increased (P < 0.05) in the treatment group compared with the control at 6 months of age. However, BW, ADG and FI showed no differences between the groups. In addition, mRNA expression in longissimus dorsi muscle revealed upregulation of paired box 7 (PAX7) (P < 0.05) after the vitamin A treatment period based on biopsy results. Both ADH1C and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) 1A1 mRNA expression was downregulated (P < 0.01) by vitamin A supplementation. The TC type of ADH1C showed higher mRNA expression than the TT type. However, no effect was observed on adipogenic mRNA expression (preadipocyte factor-1 [PREF-1], peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma [PPARγ], fatty acid binding protein 4 [FABP4]) in all groups. Our findings suggest that weaned calves treated with vitamin A may promote the storage of satellite cells by elevating PAX7 gene expression in the muscle. The TC type calves may show increased capacity for vitamin A metabolism, which can be used in genetically customizing feed management to maximize beef production in the calves.
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Kim WS, Ghassemi Nejad J, Peng DQ, Jo YH, Kim J, Lee HG. Effects of different protein levels on growth performance and stress parameters in beef calves under heat stress. Sci Rep 2022; 12:8113. [PMID: 35581285 PMCID: PMC9114135 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-09982-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of dietary protein levels under various heat stress (HS) conditions on the growth performance and stress parameters in Korean native beef calves. Male calves (n = 40; initial BW = 202.2 ± 3.31 kg) were randomly assigned to climatic-controlled chambers with 3 × 3 factorial arrangements. Calves were assigned into three dietary protein levels (low protein; LP = 12.5%, medium protein; MP = 15%, and high protein; HP = 17.5%) and three HS levels [mild: temperature-humidity index (THI) = 74 to 76, moderate: THI = 81 to 83, and severe: THI = 89 to 91] with control (threshold: THI = 70 to 73 and dietary protein level 12.5%). The calves were subjected to ambient temperature (22 °C) for 7 days and subsequently to the temperature and humidity corresponding to the target THI level for 21 days. The data were analyzed using the repeated-measures analysis by the GLM procedure of SAS. As a result, average daily gain (ADG) was decreased (P < 0.05) under severe HS level compared to the mild and moderate HS stress levels. However, HP increased ADG (P < 0.05) than moderate levels (LP) and severe levels (LP and MP). Under different HS levels (mild, moderate, and severe), HR, RT, and blood cortisol were increased (P < 0.05) compared to a threshold level, but no differences were observed in the parameters among various protein levels. Varied HS levels decreased the levels of blood glucose, NEFA, and amino acids (AAs) (lysine and glutamic acid) compared to a threshold (P < 0.05). But, the HP group resulted in increased (P < 0.05) levels of blood glucose, NEFA, and AAs (lysine and glutamic acid) compared to LP and MP groups under severe HS stress. The expression level of the HSP70 gene in peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) and hair follicles was increased (P < 0.05) following an increase in moderate and severe HS levels. Also, HSP70 gene expression in the HP group was decreased (P < 0.05) compared with LP and MP groups under intense HS level. Overall, HS in Korean native beef calves exhibited negative effects on ADG, blood glucose, NEFA, and AA profile. However, 17.5% of dietary protein (HP) could compensate for the growth of heat-exposed Korean native beef calves through the regulation of homeostasis by protein and energy metabolism. Also, it was evident that adequate protein (HP) is used as a major nutrient for HSP70 synthesis in PBMC and hair follicles causing, a boost in the immune system of heat-exposed Korean native beef calves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won Seob Kim
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sanghuh College of Life Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Korea
- Department of Animal Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Jalil Ghassemi Nejad
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sanghuh College of Life Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Korea
| | - Dong Qiao Peng
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sanghuh College of Life Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Korea
| | - Yong Ho Jo
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sanghuh College of Life Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Korea
| | - Jongkyoo Kim
- Animal Science and Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Hong Gu Lee
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sanghuh College of Life Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Korea.
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Lee W, Nam I, Kim D, Kim K, Lee Y. Allele-specific polymerase chain reaction for the discrimination of elite Korean cattle associated with high beef quality and quantity. Arch Anim Breed 2022; 65:47-53. [PMID: 35155739 PMCID: PMC8830417 DOI: 10.5194/aab-65-47-2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract. Techniques such as direct sequencing and PCR-RFLP (restriction
fragment length polymorphism) are widely used to analyze
the genotypes of livestock. However, these conventional methods have the
disadvantage of taking a lot of time and incurring considerable cost. The
allele-specific PCR method performs PCR using two primers, and a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)
genotype can be identified through electrophoresis, saving time and cost.
Highly accurate results can be obtained by designing specific primers
according to the allele of the SNP under study, utilizing primer binding to
a complementary matching sequence. In this study, we established a
genotyping system with the AS-PCR technique, using SNPs related to the
improvement of the meat quality and meat mass of Korean cattle. Using the
PRIMER1 program, we designed specific primers for SNPs located at the
3′ end, with one SNP marker in the HSPB1 gene related to meat
quantity and two SNP markers in the ADH1C and FASN genes related to meat
quality in cattle. AS-PCR was performed on 10 Korean cattle using the
primers designed with this system, and the genotypes could be identified by
the size of the PCR product amplified as a result of electrophoresis. In the
case of the HSPB1 g.2352T > C SNP, the T allele was amplified to
148 bp, and the C allele was amplified to 222 bp. The ADH1C
c.-64T > C SNP was amplified to 492 bp at the T allele and 330 bp
at the C allele. The FASN g.17924G > A SNP A allele was amplified
to 377 bp and the G allele to 507 bp. The results for each SNP genotype
were verified using direct sequencing, which showed that the genotypes
identified by direct sequencing and the genotypes identified by the AS-PCR
method matched exactly. The AS-PCR method therefore appears to be valuable
for use in a genotyping system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wonhee Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, Hankyong National University,
Gyeonggi-Do, Anseong, 17579, Republic of Korea
| | - Insik Nam
- Department of Animal Life Convergence Science, Hankyong National
University, Gyeonggi-Do, Anseong, 17579, Republic of Korea
| | - Daehyun Kim
- Livestock Research Institute, Gyeongsangbuk-Do, Yeongju, 36052,
Republic of Korea
| | - Kukdong Kim
- Ministry of SMEs and Startups, Chungcheongnam-Do, Chunan, 31169,
Republic of Korea
| | - Yoonseok Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, Hankyong National University,
Gyeonggi-Do, Anseong, 17579, Republic of Korea
- Center for Genetic Information, Hankyong National University,
Gyeonggi-Do, Anseong, 17579, Republic of Korea
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6
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Miyauchi S, Katagiri Y, Ochiai C, Hirata TI, Matsuda K, Ichijo T, Hikono H, Murakami K. Increased T-cell responses that control bovine leukemia virus proviral load in beef cattle under dietary vitamin A restriction for marbling. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2021; 239:110301. [PMID: 34340138 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2021.110301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) proviral load is controlled by T-cell responses, which require vitamin A (VA) derived from food. However, whether dietary VA restriction for marbling impairs the T-cell responses that control BLV proviral load in beef cattle is unknown. We assessed T-cell subsets, interferon (IFN)-γ gene expression, and BLV proviral load in naturally BLV-infected Japanese Black cattle that were fed a diet with decreased VA levels. We found that the percentage of CD4+ T cells increased over time during dietary VA restriction. In addition, BLV proviral load was negatively correlated with the percentage of CD4+ T cells and with the level of IFN-γ gene expression. These observations suggest that dietary VA restriction for marbling enhances T-cell responses that control BLV proviral load and thus does not promote leukemogenesis in fattening beef cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonoko Miyauchi
- Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, Morioka, Iwate, 020-8550, Japan
| | - Yuzuru Katagiri
- Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, Morioka, Iwate, 020-8550, Japan
| | - Chihiro Ochiai
- Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, Morioka, Iwate, 020-8550, Japan
| | - Toh-Ichi Hirata
- Field Science Center, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, Shizukuishi, Iwate, 020-0581, Japan; Food Animal Medicine and Food Safety Research Center (FAMS), Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, Morioka, Iwate, 501-1193, Japan
| | - Keiichi Matsuda
- Livestock Medicine Training Center, Miyagi Prefecture Agricultural Mutual Aid Association, Oohira, Kurokawagun, Miyagi, 981-3602, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Ichijo
- Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, Morioka, Iwate, 020-8550, Japan; Food Animal Medicine and Food Safety Research Center (FAMS), Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, Morioka, Iwate, 501-1193, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Hikono
- Department of Animal Sciences, Teikyo University of Science, Adachi, Tokyo, 120-0045, Japan
| | - Kenji Murakami
- Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, Morioka, Iwate, 020-8550, Japan; Food Animal Medicine and Food Safety Research Center (FAMS), Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, Morioka, Iwate, 501-1193, Japan; Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Iwate University, Morioka, Iwate, 020-8550, Japan.
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7
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Peng DQ, Smith SB, Lee HG. Vitamin A regulates intramuscular adipose tissue and muscle development: promoting high-quality beef production. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2021; 12:34. [PMID: 33663602 PMCID: PMC7934359 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-021-00558-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
During growth in cattle, the development of intramuscular adipose tissue and muscle is dependent upon cell hyperplasia (increased number of adipocytes) and hypertrophy (increased size of adipocytes). Based on the results of previous studies, other adipose tissue depots (e.g., perirenal and subcutaneous) develop from the fetal stage primarily as brown adipose tissue. The hyperplastic stage of intramuscular adipose is considered to develop from late pregnancy, but there is no evidence indicating that intramuscular adipose tissue develops initially as brown adipose tissue. Hyperplastic growth of intramuscular adipose continues well into postweaning and is dependent on the timing of the transition to grain-based diets; thereafter, the late-stage development of intramuscular adipose tissue is dominated by hypertrophy. For muscle development, hyperplasia of myoblasts lasts from early (following development of somites in the embryo) to middle pregnancy, after which growth of muscle is the result of hypertrophy of myofibers. Vitamin A is a fat-soluble compound that is required for the normal immunologic function, vision, cellular proliferation, and differentiation. Here we review the roles of vitamin A in intramuscular adipose tissue and muscle development in cattle. Vitamin A regulates both hyperplasia and hypertrophy in in vitro experiments. Vitamin A supplementation at the early stage and restriction at fattening stage generate opposite effects in the beef cattle. Appropriate vitamin A supplementation and restriction strategy increase intramuscular adipose tissue development (i.e., marbling or intramuscular fat) in some in vivo trials. Besides, hyperplasia and hypertrophy of myoblasts/myotubes were affected by vitamin A treatment in in vitro trials. Additionally, some studies reported an interaction between the alcohol dehydrogenase-1C (ADH1C) genotype and vitamin A feed restriction for the development of marbling and/or intramuscular adipose tissue, which was dependent on the timing and level of vitamin A restriction. Therefore, the feed strategy of vitamin A has the visible impact on the marbling and muscle development in the cattle, which will be helpful to promote the quality of the beef.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Qiao Peng
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sanghuh College of Life Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, South Korea
| | - Stephen B Smith
- Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Hong Gu Lee
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sanghuh College of Life Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, South Korea.
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Metabolomics analyses to characterize metabolic alterations in Korean native calves by oral vitamin A supplementation. Sci Rep 2020; 10:8092. [PMID: 32415141 PMCID: PMC7228984 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-65023-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have reported that vitamin A administration in the birth stage of calves could promote preadipocyte and muscle development. However, the metabolic change after vitamin A administration remains unknown. Thus, the objective of this study was to perform metabonomics analyses to investigate the effect of vitamin A in Korean native calves. Ten newborn calves (initial average body weight: 30.4 kg [SD 2.20]) were randomly divided into two groups treated with or without vitamin A supplementation (0 IU vs. 25,000 IU vitamin A/day) for two months until weaning. Metabolic changes in the serum and longissimus dorsi muscle of calves were investigated using GC-TOF-MS and multivariate statistical analysis. As a result, ten metabolic parameters in the serum and seven metabolic parameters in the longissimus dorsi muscle were down-regulated in the vitamin A treatment group compared to those in the control group (VIP value > 1.0, p < 0.05). Both serum and longissimus dorsi muscle showed lower levels of cholesterol and myo-inositol in the vitamin A treatment group than in the control group (p < 0.05). These results indicate that vitamin A supplementation in the early growth period of calf could maintain the preadipocyte status, which can contribute to future adipogenesis in the intramuscular fat production of Korean native cattle.
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Kumar H, Srikanth K, Park W, Lee SH, Choi BH, Kim H, Kim YM, Cho ES, Kim JH, Lee JH, Jung JY, Go GW, Lee KT, Kim JM, Lee J, Lim D, Park JE. Transcriptome analysis to identify long non coding RNA (lncRNA) and characterize their functional role in back fat tissue of pig. Gene 2019; 703:71-82. [PMID: 30954676 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2019.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Revised: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Long non coding RNAs (lncRNA) have been previously found to be involved in important cellular activities like epigenetics, implantation, cell growth etc. in pigs. However, comprehensive analysis of lncRNA in back fat tissues at different developmental stages in pigs is still lacking. In this study we conducted transcriptome analysis in the back fat tissue of a F1 crossbred Korean Native Pig (KNP) × Yorkshire Pig to identify lncRNA. We investigated their role in 16 pigs at two different growth stages; stage 1 (10 weeks, n = 8) and stage 2 (26 weeks, n = 8). After quality assessment of sequencing reads, we got a total of 1,641,165 assembled transcripts out of eight paired end read from each stage. Among them, 6808 lncRNA transcripts were identified by filtering on the basis of multiple parameters like read length ≥ 200 nucleotides, exon numbers ≥2, FPKM ≥0.5, coding potential score < 0 etc. PFAM and RFAM were used to filter out all possible protein coding genes and housekeeping RNAs respectively. A total of 103 lncRNAs and 1057 mRNAs were found to be differentially expressed (DE) between the two stages (|log2FC| > 2, q < 0.05). We also identified 306 genes located around 100 kb upstream and 234 genes downstream around these DE lncRNA transcripts. The expression of top eleven DE lncRNAs (COL4A6, LY7S, MYH2, OXCT1, SMPDL3A, TMEM182, TTC36, RFOOOO4, RFOOO15, RFOOO45, CADM2) had been validating by qRT-PCR. Pathway and GO terms analysis showed that, positive regulation of biosynthetic process, Wnt signaling pathway, cellular protein modification process, and positive regulation of nitrogen compound were differentially enriched. Our results suggested that, KEGG pathways such as protein digestion and absorption, Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) to be significantly enriched in both DE lncRNAs as well as DE mRNAs and involved in back fat tissues development. It also suggests that, identified lncRNAs are involved in regulation of important adipose tissues development pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Himansu Kumar
- Animal Genomics and Bioinformatics Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Krishnamoorthy Srikanth
- Animal Genomics and Bioinformatics Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Woncheol Park
- Animal Genomics and Bioinformatics Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Hoon Lee
- Animal Genomics and Bioinformatics Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Bong-Hwan Choi
- Animal Genomics and Bioinformatics Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Hana Kim
- Animal Genomics and Bioinformatics Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Min Kim
- Swine Science Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Cheonan 31000, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Seok Cho
- Swine Science Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Cheonan 31000, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Hyoung Kim
- Animal Products Research and Development Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Jang Hee Lee
- Department of Companion Animal, Seoul Hoseo Occupational Training College, Seoul 07583, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Yeon Jung
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Gwang-Woong Go
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Tai Lee
- Animal Genetics and Breeding Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Cheonan 31000, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Mo Kim
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungjae Lee
- Jung P& C Institute, Inc., 1504 U-Tower, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 16950, Republic of Korea
| | - Dajeong Lim
- Animal Genomics and Bioinformatics Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jong-Eun Park
- Animal Genomics and Bioinformatics Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea.
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10
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Peng DQ, Lee JS, Kim WS, Kim YS, Bae MH, Jo YH, Oh YK, Baek YC, Hwang SG, Lee HG. Effect of vitamin A restriction on carcass traits and blood metabolites in Korean native steers. ANIMAL PRODUCTION SCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.1071/an17733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to determine the effect of vitamin A restriction on serum metabolites and carcass performance in Korean native steers during a fattening period. In Study 1, 61 steers were divided into three groups and supplied diets with concentrate and roughage containing 890 IU/kg of provitamin A and then supplemented with either 8000 IU (control), 3000 IU (T1) or 0 IU (T2) of premix vitamin A per kilogram of dry matter. In Study 2, 19 steers were divided into two groups and provided with the same basic diets then supplemented with 8000 IU (control) or 0 IU (T) of premix vitamin A per kilogram of dry matter. In Study 1, we found that serum vitamin A concentrations were significantly (P < 0.05) lower in the T2 group, along with significant (P < 0.05) increases in blood urea nitrogen, albumin, creatinine and non-esterified fatty acid concentrations. In Study 2, the T group had a higher (P < 0.05) skeletal muscle mRNA expression levels of myogenic factor 6 and a trend for the greater yield grade (P=0.095). However, marbling scores in the study showed no significant. Therefore, vitamin A restriction with vitamin premix during the fattening period was associated with a trend for a higher yield grade, but marbling scores that were not significantly higher. Metabolic parameters in this stage could be used as indicators in future metabolic studies and as early health status markers in Korean native steers.
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Moon YH, Cho WK, Lee SS. Investigation of blood biomarkers related to meat quality and quantity in Hanwoo steers. ASIAN-AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2018; 31:1923-1929. [PMID: 29879807 PMCID: PMC6212733 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.18.0191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Objective This study was conducted to investigate the correlation between blood components and carcass traits, and to find the biomarkers related to meat quality and quantity in Hanwoo steers. Methods One hundred twenty-six Hanwoo steers (8 to 9 months of age, body weight of 185.6±24.38 kg) were used to find the correlation between blood compositions and carcass traits. The steers were fed concentrate and rice straw (30 steers) or total mixed rations (96 steers) during the whole experimental period. Blood samples were collected from the jugular vein at the growing (8 to 12 months), fattening (13 to 23 months) and finishing phases (24 to 30 months). Steers were slaughtered at 30 to 31 months of age (body weight of 701.6±60.45 kg) and the carcass traits were evaluated. Blood metabolites and hormones were analyzed and the correlation coefficients and regression equations with carcass traits were determined. Results Average concentrations of retinol, leptin and insulin were 1.10 IU, 30.34 ng, and 35.35 ng per mL of blood plasma, respectively. Retinol has negative correlations (p<0.01) with insulin and leptin. Blood insulin and total protein decreased with the age of steers, but retinol, aspartic acid transaminase (AST), glucose, cholesterol and triglyceride increased. In the finishing phase, significant (p<0.01) negative correlations occurred between blood retinol content and marbling score, and between blood AST content and longissimus muscle area of 13th rib, and the following regression equations were obtained: Marbling score (1–9) = −0.009×retinol (IU/100 mL)+ 9.125 (R2 = 0.643), Longissimus muscle area (cm2) = −0.250× AST(U/L)+112.498 (R2 = 0.450). Conclusion It is possible to make highly marbled beef by controlling the blood retinol content during the fattening and finishing phases of Hanwoo steers. Accordingly, blood retinol and AST could be biomarkers for determining beef quality and quantity, respectively, prior to slaughter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yea Hwang Moon
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology, Jinju 660-758, Korea
| | - Woong Ki Cho
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 program) and Institute of Agriculture & Life Science (IALS), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea
| | - Sung Sill Lee
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 program) and Institute of Agriculture & Life Science (IALS), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea
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