1
|
Saengmanee T, Thiankhaw K, Tanprawate S, Soontornpun A, Wantaneeyawong C, Teekaput C, Sirimaharaj N, Nudsasarn A. A Simplified Risk Score to Predict In-Hospital Newly-Diagnosed Atrial Fibrillation in Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients. Int J Gen Med 2023; 16:1363-1373. [PMID: 37096200 PMCID: PMC10122483 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s406546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a significant cause of stroke, and newly diagnosed AF (NDAF) is typically detected in the early period of stroke onset. We aimed to identify the factors associated with in-hospital NDAF in acute ischemic stroke patients and developed a simplified clinical prediction model. Methods Patients with cryptogenic stroke aged 18 years or older who were admitted between January 2017 and December 2021 were recruited. NDAF was determined by inpatient cardiac telemetry. Univariable and multivariable regression analyses were used to evaluate the factors associated with in-hospital NDAF. The predictive model was developed using regression coefficients. Results The study enrolled 244 eligible participants, of which 52 NDAFs were documented (21.31%), and the median time to detection was two days (1-3.5). After multivariable regression analysis, parameters significantly associated with in-hospital NDAF were elderly (>75 years) (adjusted Odds ratio, 2.99; 95% confident interval, 1.51-5.91; P = 0.002), female sex (2.08; 1.04-4.14; P = 0.04), higher admission national institute of health stroke scale (1.04; 1.00-1.09; P = 0.05), and presence of hyperdense middle cerebral artery sign (2.33; 1.13-4.79; P = 0.02). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve resulted in 0.74 (95% CI 0.65-0.80), and the cut-point of 2 showed 87% sensitivity and 42% specificity. Conclusion The validated and simplified risk scores for predicting in-hospital NDAF primarily rely on simplified parameters and high sensitivity. It might be used as a screening tool for in-hospital NDAF in stroke patients who initially presumed cryptogenic stroke.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thanachporn Saengmanee
- Division of Neurology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Kitti Thiankhaw
- Division of Neurology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- The Northern Neuroscience Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Correspondence: Kitti Thiankhaw, Division of Neurology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, 110, Inthawaroros Road, Sriphum, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand, Tel +66 5393 5899, Fax +66 5393 5481, Email ;
| | - Surat Tanprawate
- Division of Neurology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- The Northern Neuroscience Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Atiwat Soontornpun
- Division of Neurology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- The Northern Neuroscience Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Chayasak Wantaneeyawong
- Division of Neurology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- The Northern Neuroscience Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Chutithep Teekaput
- Division of Neurology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- The Northern Neuroscience Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Nopdanai Sirimaharaj
- Division of Neurology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- The Northern Neuroscience Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Angkana Nudsasarn
- The Northern Neuroscience Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Acampa M, Cartocci A, Domenichelli C, Tassi R, Guideri F, Lazzerini PE, Martini G. Markers of Atrial Cardiopathy in Severe Embolic Strokes of Undetermined Source. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:903778. [PMID: 35795361 PMCID: PMC9251176 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.903778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose The current definition of embolic strokes of undetermined source (ESUS) seems to be too broad, including strokes due to heterogeneous mechanisms, such as atrial cardiopathy and other occult cardiac conditions, aortic arch plaques, and non-stenosing atherosclerosis, that can be differently associated with clinical stroke severity at the time of presentation. The aim of our study was to assess the possible association between neurological deficit severity and presence of markers of atrial cardiopathy in ESUS. Methods We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of a cohort of 226 ESUS patients (105 M, 121 F), that were divided into two groups according to the severity of neurological deficit (99 mild strokes with NIHSS ≤ 5 and 127 severe strokes with NIHSS >5). The following indices of atrial cardiopathy were evaluated: P wave dispersion, P wave max, P wave min, P wave mean, P wave index, P wave axis, left atrial size. Results Patients with severe ESUS were significantly older (74 ± 12 vs. 67 ± 14 years, P < 0.001) and female sex was prevalent (67 vs. 36%, P > 0.001); they had higher values of P-wave-dispersion (51 ± 14 vs. 46 ± 13, P = 0.01), P-wave-max (131 ± 20 vs. 125 ± 15 ms, P = 0.01), P-wave-index (16 ± 5 vs. 15 ± 5 ms, P = 0.01), left atrial size (20 ± 6 vs. 18 ± 4 cm2, P = 0.01), left atrial volume index (31 ± 14 vs. 27 ± 11 ml/m2, P = 0.04), in comparison with mild ESUS. An abnormal P wave axis was detected more frequently in severe ESUS (21 vs. 9%, P = 0.01). Furthermore, multivariate logistic regression showed that age (OR = 1.21 for each 5-year increase, 95% CI 1.09–1.35), sex (OR = 3.24 for female sex, 95% CI 1.82–5.76) and PWD (OR = 1.32 for each 10-ms increase, 95% CI 1.07–1.64) were the best subset of associated variables for severe ESUS. Conclusions Our findings shed light on specific clinical characteristics of severe ESUS including the presence of atrial cardiopathy that could play a pathogenic role in this subgroup of patients. Searching for atrial fibrillation in these patients is especially important to perform the most appropriate therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maurizio Acampa
- Stroke Unit, Department of Emergency-Urgency and Transplants, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, "Santa Maria alle Scotte" General Hospital, Siena, Italy
| | | | - Carlo Domenichelli
- Stroke Unit, Department of Emergency-Urgency and Transplants, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, "Santa Maria alle Scotte" General Hospital, Siena, Italy
| | - Rossana Tassi
- Stroke Unit, Department of Emergency-Urgency and Transplants, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, "Santa Maria alle Scotte" General Hospital, Siena, Italy
| | - Francesca Guideri
- Stroke Unit, Department of Emergency-Urgency and Transplants, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, "Santa Maria alle Scotte" General Hospital, Siena, Italy
| | - Pietro Enea Lazzerini
- Department of Medical Sciences, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Martini
- Stroke Unit, Department of Emergency-Urgency and Transplants, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, "Santa Maria alle Scotte" General Hospital, Siena, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Acampa M, Lazzerini PE, Martini G. P-wave dispersion as a marker of atrial cardiopathy in embolic stroke of undetermined source. Eur J Intern Med 2022; 99:101-102. [PMID: 35131162 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejim.2022.01.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Maurizio Acampa
- Stroke Unit, Department of Emergency-Urgency and Transplants, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, "Santa Maria alle Scotte" General-Hospital, Siena, Italy.
| | - Pietro Enea Lazzerini
- Department of Medical Sciences, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Martini
- Stroke Unit, Department of Emergency-Urgency and Transplants, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, "Santa Maria alle Scotte" General-Hospital, Siena, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Koçak A, Şenol C, Coşgun A, Eyyupkoca F, Yıldırım O. The relationship of benign prostatic hyperplasia's symptoms severity with the risk of developing atrial fibrillation. J Arrhythm 2022; 38:232-237. [PMID: 35387137 PMCID: PMC8977573 DOI: 10.1002/joa3.12684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Attention is drawn to the increased incidence of atrial fibrillation (AF) in benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) patients recently. Early predicting of AF in these patients can help in decreasing its clinical consequences. The aim of our study is to determine the association between BPH symptoms and AF predictors atrial electromechanical delay (AEMD) and the P-wave dispersion (PWD). Methods 218 healthy individuals recently diagnosed with BPH were assigned into three groups according to symptoms severity using the International prostate symptom score (IPSS) questionnaire. The first group with mild symptoms (IPSS score between 0 and 7, n = 78), the second group with moderate symptoms (IPSS score between 8 and 19, n = 86), and the third group with severe symptoms (IPSS score between 20 and 35, n = 54). PWD and AEMD calculations were performed for all participants. Results There were statistically significant differences between the three groups in terms of AEMD and PWD (p < .01 and p < .01, respectively). In all three study groups, a significant positive correlation was observed between IPSS questionnaire scores and both AEMD and PWD (for AEMD r = .29, p = .013 and for PWD r = .27, p = .017). On the other hand, there were significant differences between the three groups in terms of the inflammatory markers C-reactive protein (CRP) and fibrinogen (p < .01 and p < .01, respectively) and in terms of serum testosterone levels (p < .01). Conclusions We concluded that periodic evaluation of patients with BPH in terms of symptoms severity can be helpful not only from urological aspect, but also in the early prediction of possible serious cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ajar Koçak
- Department of CardiologySincan State HospitalAnkaraTurkey
| | - Cem Şenol
- Department of UrologySincan State HospitalAnkaraTurkey
| | - Ayhan Coşgun
- Department of CardiologySincan State HospitalAnkaraTurkey
| | | | - Onur Yıldırım
- Department of CardiologySincan State HospitalAnkaraTurkey
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Acampa M, Lazzerini PE, Guideri F, Tassi R, Cartocci A, Martini G. P Wave Dispersion and Silent Atrial Fibrillation in Cryptogenic Stroke: The Pathogenic Role of Inflammation. Cardiovasc Hematol Disord Drug Targets 2020; 19:249-252. [PMID: 30968778 DOI: 10.2174/1871529x19666190410145501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2018] [Revised: 02/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cryptogenic stroke (CS) represents 25% of ischemic strokes. Especially after CS, the detection of atrial fibrillation (AF) is important because it provides clues to the mechanism of stroke. However, the relationship between AF and stroke appears more complex than a simple cause-effect mechanism, suggesting that the association between AF and stroke may be due to other systemic and atrial factors including systemic inflammation that may lead to atrial remodeling and subsequent atrial cardiopathy. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship among different electrocardiographic parameters, inflammatory markers and in-hospital AF occurrence after acute CS. METHODS 222 patients with CS underwent 12-lead resting ECG at admission and 7-day in-hospital ECG monitoring. The following indices were evaluated: P-wave dispersion (PWD), P-wave index, P-wave axis, atrial size and high-sensitivity-C reactive protein (CRP). RESULTS AF was detected in 44 patients. AF-group had significantly higher PWD, P-wave index, PR interval, CRP and greater frequency of abnormal P-wave axis in comparison with no-AF group. There was a significant correlation between CRP and PWD (r=0.28). By using the mediation analysis, performed according to the "bootstrapping" method, we found that PWD is a significant mediator variable of the relationship between CRP and AF occurrence, accounting for 40% of the association. CONCLUSIONS In cryptogenic stroke, high PWD is partly due to systemic inflammation that increases AF risk possibly via atrial electric remodeling. These findings could also suggest inflammation as a possible therapeutic target in order to prevent atrial electrical alterations and finally AF occurrence in CS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maurizio Acampa
- Stroke Unit, Department of Neurological and Neurosensorial Sciences, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, "Santa Maria alle Scotte" General Hospital, Siena, Italy
| | - Pietro E Lazzerini
- Department of Medical Sciences, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Francesca Guideri
- Stroke Unit, Department of Neurological and Neurosensorial Sciences, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, "Santa Maria alle Scotte" General Hospital, Siena, Italy
| | - Rossana Tassi
- Stroke Unit, Department of Neurological and Neurosensorial Sciences, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, "Santa Maria alle Scotte" General Hospital, Siena, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppe Martini
- Stroke Unit, Department of Neurological and Neurosensorial Sciences, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, "Santa Maria alle Scotte" General Hospital, Siena, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Guenancia C, Garnier F, Fichot M, Sagnard A, Laurent G, Lorgis L. Silent atrial fibrillation: clinical management and perspectives. Future Cardiol 2020; 16:133-142. [DOI: 10.2217/fca-2019-0066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Silent atrial fibrillation (AF) is an asymptomatic atrial arrhythmia that can be diagnosed by chance during a systematic electrocardiogram, an external Holter, or from implanted cardiac devices. There is a significant body of the literature around silent AF, yet it remains largely underdiagnosed in everyday clinical practice. Meanwhile, new diagnostic tools have significantly improved the detection of silent AF, creating a potential for mass screening via new technologies and the promise of a major step forward in e-health progress. However, it is not yet known whether silent AF is associated with the same thromboembolic risk as symptomatic AF, and whether these asymptomatic and often short-lasting episodes therefore require anticoagulation therapy and rhythm management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Charles Guenancia
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, 21000 Dijon, France
- PEC2, EA 7460, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Fabien Garnier
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Marie Fichot
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Audrey Sagnard
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Gabriel Laurent
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Luc Lorgis
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, 21000 Dijon, France
- PEC2, EA 7460, 21000 Dijon, France
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Acampa M, Lazzerini PE, Guideri F, Tassi R, Andreini I, Domenichelli C, Cartocci A, Martini G. Electrocardiographic Predictors of Silent Atrial Fibrillation in Cryptogenic Stroke. Heart Lung Circ 2019; 28:1664-1669. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2018.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Revised: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
|
8
|
Acampa M, Lazzerini PE, Guideri F, Tassi R, Lo Monaco A, Martini G. Inflammation and Atrial Electrical Remodelling in Patients With Embolic Strokes of Undetermined Source. Heart Lung Circ 2019; 28:917-922. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2018.04.294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Revised: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
|
9
|
Acampa M, Lazzerini PE, Martini G. Atrial Cardiopathy and Sympatho-Vagal Imbalance in Cryptogenic Stroke: Pathogenic Mechanisms and Effects on Electrocardiographic Markers. Front Neurol 2018; 9:469. [PMID: 29971041 PMCID: PMC6018106 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2018.00469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, atrial cardiopathy has emerged as possible pathogenic mechanism in cryptogenic stroke and many electrocardiographic (ECG) markers have been proposed in order to detect an altered atrial substrate at an early stage. The autonomic nervous system (ANS) plays a well-known role in determining significant and heterogeneous electrophysiological changes of atrial cardiomyocytes, that promote atrial fibrillation episodes in cardioembolic stroke. Conversely, the role of ANS in atrial cardiopathy and cryptogenic stroke is less known, as well as ANS effects on ECG markers of atrial dysfunction. In this paper, we review the evidence linking ANS dysfunction and atrial cardiopathy as a possible pathogenic factor in cryptogenic stroke.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maurizio Acampa
- Stroke Unit, Department of Neurological and Neurosensorial Sciences, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, "Santa Maria alle Scotte" General Hospital, Siena, Italy
| | - Pietro E Lazzerini
- Department of Medical Sciences, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Martini
- Stroke Unit, Department of Neurological and Neurosensorial Sciences, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, "Santa Maria alle Scotte" General Hospital, Siena, Italy
| |
Collapse
|