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Padilla JC, McDonald JA, Sroka C, Kratzke C, Khubchandani J. Early effects of COVID-19 on physical activity and screen time use among elementary school students in Columbus, New Mexico. DIALOGUES IN HEALTH 2022; 1:100053. [PMID: 36785638 PMCID: PMC9519363 DOI: 10.1016/j.dialog.2022.100053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Adherence to national physical activity guidelines among youth ages 6-11 in the United States is low. The emergence of COVID-19 and the public health measures implemented in response may have decreased children's physical activity even further. We conducted an online survey among parents of students attending Columbus Elementary School in Columbus, New Mexico, a rural community on the US-Mexico border, to assess changes in children's physical activity and screen time use from summer 2019 to summer 2020. We also sought to identify important covariates. All parents (N = 55) and children (N = 87) identified as Hispanic; most parents were born in Mexico, while most children were born in the United States. Most parents (79.3%) reported a decrease in their children's physical activity from 2019 to 2020, and the vast majority of these parents reported that the changes were due to COVID-19 home confinement. The mean number of days children were physically active for >60 minutes significantly decreased, while daily screen time use increased. Having parents born in Mexico, infrequent family meals (<3/week), and not having community spaces for physical activity close by protected children from decreases in their level of physical activity from 2019 to 2020. Home-based exercise may serve as a suitable method of physical activity when public health responses to COVID-19 restrict community spaces. Future interventions should also be mindful of the role that parental nativity and related cultural factors may play in children's physical activity levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan C. Padilla
- Department of Public Health Sciences, College of Health, Education & Social Transformation, New Mexico State University, PO Box 30001, Las Cruces, NM 88003-8001, USA,Southwest Institute for Health Disparities Research, College of Health, Education & Social Transformation, New Mexico State University, PO Box 30001, Las Cruces, NM 88003-8001, USA,Corresponding author at: 1000 N Slocum St, Columbus, NM 88029, USA
| | - Jill A. McDonald
- Department of Public Health Sciences, College of Health, Education & Social Transformation, New Mexico State University, PO Box 30001, Las Cruces, NM 88003-8001, USA,Southwest Institute for Health Disparities Research, College of Health, Education & Social Transformation, New Mexico State University, PO Box 30001, Las Cruces, NM 88003-8001, USA
| | - Christopher Sroka
- Southwest Institute for Health Disparities Research, College of Health, Education & Social Transformation, New Mexico State University, PO Box 30001, Las Cruces, NM 88003-8001, USA,Department of Economics, Applied Statistics and International Business, College of Business, New Mexico State University, PO Box 30001, Las Cruces, NM 88003-8001, USA
| | - Cynthia Kratzke
- Department of Public Health Sciences, College of Health, Education & Social Transformation, New Mexico State University, PO Box 30001, Las Cruces, NM 88003-8001, USA
| | - Jagdish Khubchandani
- Department of Public Health Sciences, College of Health, Education & Social Transformation, New Mexico State University, PO Box 30001, Las Cruces, NM 88003-8001, USA
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Liu S, Lan Y, Chen B, He G, Jia Y. Smartphone Use Time and Total Screen Time Among Students Aged 10-19 and the Effects on Academic Stress: A Large Longitudinal Cohort Study in Shanghai, China. Front Public Health 2022; 10:869218. [PMID: 35655462 PMCID: PMC9152090 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.869218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to assess smartphone use time and total screen time among students aged 10–19 in Shanghai, China, and examine their effects on academic stress. Methods Baseline and follow-up surveys were conducted in December 2017 and December 2018, respectively, using a cohort study design with 1,771 participants. Questionnaire surveys and physical examinations of participants were conducted by trained investigators and professional school physicians, respectively. The self-administered questionnaire mainly covered demographic information, academic stress, smartphone use time, total screen time, and other lifestyle behaviors. Results The average smartphone use time of primary, middle, and high school students was 0.76 ± 0.90, 1.34 ± 1.29, and 2.39 ± 1.66 h/day, respectively; total screen time was 2.60 ± 2.63, 2.65 ± 3.39, and 3.52 ± 2.7 h/day, respectively (P < 0.001). The academic stress scores of primary, middle, and high school students were 9.25 ± 3.96, 11.97 ± 4.58, and 15.06 ± 5.10 (out of 30), respectively. The smartphone use time and total screen time were positively associated with academic stress score, with β values of 0.307 (95% CI: 0.164–0.450) and 0.171 (95% CI: 0.088–0.255), respectively. The longer the smartphone use time and total screen time, the higher the risk of abnormal academic stress, with OR values of 1.199 (95% CI: 1.103–1.303) and 1.104 (95% CI: 1.056–1.154), respectively. After stratifying by grade group, positive associations between smartphone use time or total screen time and abnormal academic stress were observed in primary and middle school students; for high school students; however, only smartphone use time had a positive association. Conclusions This study confirmed that the academic stress is widespread among students aged 10–19 in Shanghai, China. From a public health perspective, smartphone use time and total screen time should therefore be restricted for reducing academic stress and preventing related problems among adolescents in Shanghai, China, in school, family, and other environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaojie Liu
- Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yukun Lan
- Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Chen
- Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Gengsheng He
- Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingnan Jia
- Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Alqarni TA, Alshamrani MA, Alzahrani AS, AlRefaie AM, Balkhair OH, Alsaegh SZ. Prevalence of screen time use and its relationship with obesity, sleep quality, and parental knowledge of related guidelines: A study on children and adolescents attending Primary Healthcare Centers in the Makkah Region. J Family Community Med 2022; 29:24-33. [PMID: 35197725 PMCID: PMC8802733 DOI: 10.4103/jfcm.jfcm_335_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Since the use of handheld electronic devises is prevalent among people of all ages, health organizations have specified appropriate screen times for the different age groups. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of screen use and its association with sleep quality and obesity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted on people attending three Primary Healthcare Centers in the Makkah region between January and October 2019. The three-part questionnaire filled by parents collected data on sociodemographics, parental knowledge of guidelines, and asleep quality. Data were analyzed using STATA 14.2. For continuous variables, groups were compared using t-test; Pearson Chi-squared test or Fisher's exact test, as appropriate, was employed for categorical variables. RESULTS: A total of 450 individuals completed the questionnaire. Children 2–12 years old spent more time and used phones, tablets, and television (TV) more frequently, while those younger than 2 or older than 12 used phones and TVs more than other devices. High body mass index was associated with the daily usage of electronic devices. Fewer hours of sleep, longer time to fall sleep, and longer hours in bed were associated with the usage of all electronic devices. Furthermore, a good knowledge of the maximum time allowed for children and teenagers and content scoring system was associated with hours slept per night, and low knowledge was associated with higher frequency of using electronic devices. CONCLUSION: Children spent long periods using electronic devices, and despite knowing the guidelines, parents still allowed their children to exceed the time acceptable for the use of electronic devices, which could lead to future social problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Turki A. Alqarni
- College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia,King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia,Address for correspondence: Dr. Turki A. Alqarni, P.O. Box 9515, Jeddah, 21423, Makkah Region, Saudi Arabia. E-mail:
| | - Mohammed A. Alshamrani
- College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia,King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alhussain S. Alzahrani
- College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia,King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia,Department of Family Medicine, Ministry of the National Guard-Health Affairs, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asmaa M. AlRefaie
- College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia,King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia,Department of Family Medicine, Ministry of the National Guard-Health Affairs, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ohoud H. Balkhair
- College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia,King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia,Department of Family Medicine, Ministry of the National Guard-Health Affairs, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samar Z. Alsaegh
- College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia,King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia,Department of Family Medicine, Ministry of the National Guard-Health Affairs, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonard Jack
- Office of Medicine and Science, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Hwy NE, Mailstop F-80, Atlanta, GA 30341.
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