1
|
Orchowski LM, Malone S, Sokolovsky AW, Pearlman DN, Rizzo C, Zlotnick C, Berkowitz A, Fortson BL. Preventing sexual violence among high school students through norms correction and bystander intervention: A school-based cluster trial of Your Voice Your View. JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY 2023; 51:2861-2886. [PMID: 37032619 PMCID: PMC10523861 DOI: 10.1002/jcop.23047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Risk for sexual violence begins early in the lifespan; thus, interventions are needed to decrease the risk for sexual violence among high school youth. The current study evaluates the Your Voice Your View (YVYV) sexual violence prevention program using a school-based cluster trial among 26 high schools in the Northeastern United States. YVYV, includes: 1) a series of four classroom workshops designed to engage students as allies in violence prevention through bystander intervention skills training, address risks for sexual aggression, and reduce risk for victimization; 2) a Lunch and Learn teacher training workshop; and 3) a 4-week social norms poster campaign based on normative data from the school. Schools were matched based on size and demographics and randomly assigned to the intervention group or a wait-list control group. A sample of 2685 10th grade students enrolled in the research and completed assessments at baseline, 2-month and 6-month follow-up periods. The magnitude of the difference in sexual aggression did not vary by condition at either follow-up period. The magnitude of 6-month differences in experiencing unwanted sexual intercourse varied significantly by condition (IRR = 0.33 [0.14-0.76]), demonstrating a small protective effect favoring intervention schools (Cohen's f2 = 0.012). These findings highlight the promise of multicomponent interventions grounded in bystander intervention skills training, risk reduction, and social norms theory as a promising, comprehensive approach for sexual violence prevention among youth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay M. Orchowski
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Rhode Island
Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode
Island, USA
| | - Sandra Malone
- Day One of Rhode Island, Providence, Rhode Island,
USA
| | - Alexander W. Sokolovsky
- School of Public Health, Centers for Alcohol and Addiction
Studies, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Deborah N. Pearlman
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Brown
University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Christie Rizzo
- Department of Applied Psychology, Northeastern University,
Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Caron Zlotnick
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Women and
Infants Hospital, University of CapeTown, CapeTown, South Africa
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert
Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Alan Berkowitz
- Independent Research and Practitioner, Mount Shasta,
California, USA
| | - Beverly L. Fortson
- Division of Violence Prevention, National Center for Injury
Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta,
Georgia, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lee C, Bouchard J, Wong JS. A Popular Approach, but Do They Work? A Systematic Review of Social Marketing Campaigns to Prevent Sexual Violence on College Campuses. Violence Against Women 2023; 29:495-526. [PMID: 35950371 PMCID: PMC9896543 DOI: 10.1177/10778012221092476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
College campuses continue to face high rates of sexual violence and social marketing campaigns have emerged as a common prevention strategy. However, there exists no summative research examining the effectiveness of this approach. A systematic search yielded 15 evaluations of eight unique prevention campaigns, which contributed to 38 individual outcome measures across four outcome categories (i.e., knowledge, attitudes, intentions/efficacy, and behavior). Summative results are mixed, but show promising campaign effects for increasing knowledge, modification of some attitudes toward sexual violence, intentions to participate, and actual participation in prevention activities. More evaluative research is needed for a comprehensive understanding of campaign effectiveness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chelsey Lee
- Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Bouchard J, Wong JS, Lee C. Fostering college students' responsibility as prosocial bystanders to sexual violence prevention: A meta-analysis of the Bringing in the Bystander program. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2023:1-13. [PMID: 36749891 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2022.2162825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To synthesize research examining the effectiveness of the sexual violence bystander program Bringing in the Bystander (BitB). Participants: The analytic sample included 2083 youth in the treatment group and 969 in the comparison group. Method: A search strategy that included a total of 45 search terms was applied to 28 electronic databases. Results: The systematic search yielded a final analytic sample of 14 evaluations, with 38 independent effect sizes calculated across four outcome measures: rape myth attitudes (n = 11), bystander efficacy (n = 11), bystander intentions (n = 11), and bystander behavior (n = 5). The BitB program produced significant, positive pooled effects on measures of rape-supportive attitudes, bystander efficacy, and bystander intentions. Conclusions: The overall results are promising and suggest that the BitB education program may be an effective tool for targeting sexual violence on campuses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Bouchard
- School of Criminology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jennifer S Wong
- School of Criminology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Chelsey Lee
- School of Criminology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Murn LT, Schultz LC. Healing the Ripple Effect of Sexual Violence. JOURNAL OF COLLEGE STUDENT PSYCHOTHERAPY 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/87568225.2020.1819925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay T. Murn
- Counseling Center, Minnesota State University, Mankato, Minnesota, USA
| | - Laura C. Schultz
- Violence Awareness and Response Program, Minnesota State University, Mankato, Minnesota, USA
| |
Collapse
|