1
|
Sharma RH, Rodberg D, Struik LL. Experiences of nicotine users motivated to quit during the COVID-19 pandemic: a secondary qualitative analysis. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e070906. [PMID: 37369394 PMCID: PMC10410857 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-070906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The COVID-19 pandemic has brought to light a variety of key factors that affect tobacco use, including behavioural patterns, social support and connection, and physical and mental health. What we do not know is how those motivated to quit were impacted by the pandemic. As such, understanding the unique experiences and needs of people motivated to quit smoking or vaping during the COVID-19 pandemic is critical. The aim of this study was to examine the cessation experiences of nicotine users during the COVID-19 pandemic. DESIGN We conducted a supplementary secondary analysis of primary qualitative data, i.e., semi-structured interviews with individuals engaged in cigarette use (smoking), e-cigarette use (vaping) and dual use. SETTING British Columbia, Canada. PARTICIPANTS Relevant data were drawn from 33 participants out of the primary study's 80-participant sample pool. MEASURES Interview questions explored barriers and facilitators to quitting nicotine use. We then used conventional content analysis to identify relevant and additional emergent themes and subthemes surrounding pandemic-specific barriers and facilitators to quitting, and unique needs for cessation support in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. RESULTS Pandemic-specific barriers included lifestyle limitations and poor mental health due to isolation. Facilitators to quitting during the pandemic included reduced access and opportunities to use nicotine products, as well as time for personal reflection on nicotine use behaviours. Suggestions for cessation programming included a primary focus on enhancing social support features (e.g., discussion forums, support groups), followed by increasing awareness of the benefits of quitting, and enhancing visibility of resources available to support quitting. CONCLUSIONS The findings provide directions for how cessation supports can be tailored to better meet the needs of users motivated to quit during and beyond the COVID-19 pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ramona H Sharma
- School of Social Work, The University of British Columbia Okanagan, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Danielle Rodberg
- School of Nursing, The University of British Columbia Okanagan, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Laura L Struik
- School of Nursing, The University of British Columbia Okanagan, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Berry KM, Drew JAR, Brady PJ, Widome R. Impact of smoking cessation on household food security. Ann Epidemiol 2023; 79:49-55.e3. [PMID: 36657695 PMCID: PMC9957954 DOI: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2023.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Smokers can spend a substantial amount on cigarettes, potentially constraining their ability to purchase food. We tested the association of smoking cessation and household food security. METHODS Using the Current Population Survey (2001-2019), we longitudinally linked the Tobacco Use Supplement and the Food Security Supplement (n = 71,278). Among adult smokers (n = 13,144), we used modified Poisson regression to model household food insecurity as a function of quit status (continuing smokers vs. recent quitters), adjusting for sex, age, household size, children in the household, and other household smokers. We also used multinomial logistic regression to examine more detailed food security status (high, marginal, low, very low). RESULTS The adjusted probability of household food insecurity at follow-up was 11% (95% CI: 8.7%-13%) for recent quitters and 20% (95% CI: 19%-21%) for continuing smokers. Continuing smokers had a lower adjusted probability of high food security (69% vs. 80%) and a higher adjusted probability of marginal (11% vs. 9.8%), low (12% vs. 7%), and very low food security (7.8% vs. 3.6%) compared to recent quitters. CONCLUSIONS Cigarette cessation is associated with a lower risk of household food insecurity. Therefore, promoting tobacco cessation alongside food assistance and poverty reduction policies may help alleviate food insecurity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaitlyn M Berry
- Division of Epidemiology & Community Health, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, MN.
| | - Julia A Rivera Drew
- Institute on Social Research and Data Innovation, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Patrick J Brady
- Division of Epidemiology & Community Health, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Rachel Widome
- Division of Epidemiology & Community Health, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, MN
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Lozano P, Homan S. Disparities in Smoking Behavior by Race/Ethnicity in 10 Diverse Communities in Chicago: Findings from Sinai Community Health Survey 2.0. J Immigr Minor Health 2021; 23:1206-1213. [PMID: 33608824 DOI: 10.1007/s10903-021-01155-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Disparities in smoking prevalence persist among and within racial/ethnic groups in the U.S. This study aimed to identify racial/ethnic smoking behavior disparities in Chicago between 2015 and 2016. We used data from the Sinai Community Health Survey 2.0, a population-based survey conducted among adults living in ten diverse communities in Chicago. A total of 1543 adults completed the survey. We estimated the prevalence of smoking behavior among participants who had smoked at least 100 cigarettes in their lives (N = 598). We stratified by race/ethnicity and sex, reporting statistically significant differences at p < 0.05 threshold. Current smoking was highest among NHBs (40%), followed by Puerto Ricans (28%), NHWs (24%), and Mexicans (13%). Among participants who had smoked 100 cigarettes in their life, over 60% of Puerto Rican (65%) and NHB (63%) participants were daily smokers. Although 72% of NHB smokers tried to quit smoking in the previous year, only 15% of them quit smoking for more than 12 months. Among Puerto Rican current smokers, 44% smoked a pack of cigarettes per day or more while only 6% of NHBs smoked more than a pack a day. Only 20% of Mexican participants were advised by a health professional to quit smoking in the past year. Among Puerto Rican females, 55% started smoking before the age of 15. We found important differences in smoking behavior by race/ethnicity groups and sex. These disparities highlight the importance of implementing targeted evidence-based strategies to reduce tobacco use, particularly among those groups with the highest prevalence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paula Lozano
- Sinai Health Systems, Sinai Urban Health Institute, 1500 S. Fairfield Ave., Chicago, IL, 60608, USA.
| | - Sharon Homan
- Sinai Health Systems, Sinai Urban Health Institute, 1500 S. Fairfield Ave., Chicago, IL, 60608, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kosterman R, Epstein M, Bailey JA, Oesterle S, Furlong M, Hawkins JD. Adult Social Environments and the Use of Combustible and Electronic Cigarettes: Opportunities for Reducing Smoking in the 30s. Nicotine Tob Res 2021; 23:518-526. [PMID: 31970409 PMCID: PMC7885773 DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntaa019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Reducing cigarette use is a major public health goal in the United States. Questions remain, however, about the potential for the social environment in the adult years-particularly in the 30s and beyond-to influence cigarette use. This study tested pathways hypothesized by the social development model to understand the extent to which social environmental factors at age 33 (eg, involvement with smokers or with physically active people) contribute to changes in cigarette use from age 30 to age 39. Both combustible and electronic cigarette use were investigated. METHODS Data were from the Seattle Social Development Project, a longitudinal study of 808 diverse participants with high retention. Self-reports assessed social developmental constructs, combustible and electronic cigarette use, and demographic measures across survey waves. RESULTS At age 30, 32% of the sample reported past-month cigarette use. Using structural equation modeling, results showed high stability in cigarette use from age 30 to 39. After accounting for this stability, cigarette-using social environments at age 33 predicted personal beliefs or norms about smoking (eg, acceptability and social costs), which in turn predicted combustible cigarette use at age 39. Cigarette-using environments, however, directly predicted electronic cigarette use at age 39, with no significant role for beliefs about smoking. CONCLUSIONS Cigarette use was highly stable across the 30s, but social environmental factors provided significant partial mediation of this stability. Pathways were different for combustible and electronic cigarette use, however, with personal smoking norms playing an important role for the former but not the latter. IMPLICATIONS This study addresses the need for longitudinal investigation of social mechanisms and cigarette use in the 30s. Findings reinforce efforts to prevent the uptake of cigarettes prior to the 30s because, once started, smoking is highly stable. But social environmental factors remain viable intervention targets in the 30s to disrupt this stability. Addressing personal norms about smoking's acceptability and social costs is likely a promising approach for combustible cigarette use. Electronic cigarettes, however, present a new challenge in that many perceived social costs of cigarette use do not readily translate to this relatively recent technology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rick Kosterman
- Social Development Research Group, School of Social Work, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Marina Epstein
- Social Development Research Group, School of Social Work, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Jennifer A Bailey
- Social Development Research Group, School of Social Work, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Sabrina Oesterle
- Southwest Interdisciplinary Research Center, School of Social Work, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ
| | - Madeline Furlong
- Social Development Research Group, School of Social Work, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - J David Hawkins
- Social Development Research Group, School of Social Work, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kim-Mozeleski JE, Pandey R. The Intersection of Food Insecurity and Tobacco Use: A Scoping Review. Health Promot Pract 2020; 21:124S-138S. [PMID: 31908208 DOI: 10.1177/1524839919874054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cigarette smoking is increasingly concentrated in socioeconomically disadvantaged groups, and food insecurity also disproportionately affects lower-income groups. Recent studies have suggested that smoking and food insecurity operate as risk factors for one another, but there is limited understanding of their intersection. This scoping review aimed to synthesize the published literature on the association between food insecurity and tobacco use across population groups in the United States and Canada. We searched PubMed, Web of Science, and PsycINFO using key words. Studies included were published in English between 2008 and 2018, reported empirical findings, measured both tobacco use and food insecurity, and considered either variable as a study outcome. Nineteen articles were identified; 6 examined tobacco use as an outcome variable and 13 examined food insecurity as an outcome variable. Most articles were of studies using cross-sectional designs. Study samples ranged from general populations, clinical samples, and underserved populations. For each article, we extracted information including specific findings related to the association between food insecurity and tobacco use. We synthesized the current research by formulating a model by which food insecurity and tobacco use are bidirectionally associated. This scoping review concludes that the co-occurrence of food insecurity and tobacco use exists across populations in the United States and Canada. As the evidence is largely from cross-sectional investigations, there is a need for longer term, comprehensive assessments of relationships between tobacco use and food insecurity. Such investigations can inform policies and interventions aimed toward addressing the inequitable burden of tobacco use and of food insecurity among disadvantaged populations.
Collapse
|
6
|
Hasan MZ, Cohen JE, Bishai D, Kennedy CE, Rao KD, Ahuja A, Gupta S. Social capital and peer influence of tobacco consumption: a cross-sectional study among household heads in rural Uttar Pradesh, India. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e037202. [PMID: 32606063 PMCID: PMC7328809 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-037202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Having the world's second-largest tobacco-consuming population, tobacco control is a priority agenda of the Indian Government. Yet, there is no evidence of how peer influence and nature of social relationships-defined as social capital-affect tobacco use. This study aimed to explore the role of social capital and peer influence on tobacco consumption among household heads in rural Uttar Pradesh (UP), India. DESIGN AND SETTING This study was embedded within the baseline evaluation of Project Samuday. A cross-sectional multistage cluster survey was implemented in six census blocks of Hardoi and Sitapur districts of UP from June to August 2017. Self-reported tobacco consumption status of randomly selected 6218 household heads (≥18 years; men vs women=5312 vs 906) was assessed from 346 rural communities. Peer influence of tobacco use was measured by the non-self cluster proportion of tobacco consumption among respondents. Community engagement, social support, trust and social cohesion were separately measured as unique facets of social capital both at individual and community levels using the Shortened Adapted Social Capital Assessment Tool in India (SASCAT-I). The explanatory power of covariates was assessed using gender-stratified generalised estimating equations (GEE) with robust-variance estimator. RESULT Tobacco consumption patterns were starkly different for men and women (71% vs 14%). The peer influence only affected men (adjusted odds ratio (AOR)=1.10, 95% CI: 1.05 to 1.16, p<0.01), whereas women were more likely to consume tobacco if they were more engaged with community organisations (AOR=1.33, 95% CI=1.07 to 1.66, p<0.01). CONCLUSION Gender alters the way social engagement affects tobacco use in rural India. Countering peer influence on Indian men should be prioritised as a tobacco control strategy. Moreover, as gender mainstreaming is a critical egalitarian agenda in India, further research is needed to understand how social engagement affects tobacco consumption behaviours among women.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Md Zabir Hasan
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Joanna E Cohen
- Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
- Institute for Global Tobacco Control (IGTC), Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - David Bishai
- Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Caitlin E Kennedy
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Krishna D Rao
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Akshay Ahuja
- School of Public Policy, Central European University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Shivam Gupta
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Siqueira LD, Fracolli LA, Maeda ST. Influence of the social context in smoking during pregnancy. Rev Bras Enferm 2019; 72:259-265. [PMID: 31851262 DOI: 10.1590/0034-7167-2018-0619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 03/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE to know the social and family relationships of pregnant women and to analyze their influence in keep smoking during pregnancy. METHOD it is a descriptive-exploratory study with a qualitative approach, which had as subjects 10 pregnant smokers. Data were collected from January to March / 2015, through interviews, and organized into graphical representations of the genogram/ecomap and discourse units. RESULTS pregnant women had low educational level, precarious insertion in the work market and relations of great dependence of the family. Tobacco consumption integrates the family environment and is viewed naturally in the sociocultural environment. In prenatal care, there was no coordinated and longitudinal intervention for smoking cessation. CONCLUSION smoking cessation is strongly influenced by the social environment, and the family is an important component of this network. In this sense, strategies to approach smoking should allow a reflection of the norms and rules of the family.
Collapse
|
8
|
Kim-Mozeleski JE, Pandey R, Tsoh JY. Psychological distress and cigarette smoking among U.S. households by income: Considering the role of food insecurity. Prev Med Rep 2019; 16:100983. [PMID: 31516816 PMCID: PMC6734047 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2019.100983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Psychological distress and tobacco use are known to co-occur for many reasons, including vulnerabilities associated with socioeconomic disadvantage. Food insecurity-a stressful condition due to inconsistent food access-is linked with increased psychological distress and is also an independent risk factor for smoking. We investigated the association between psychological distress and cigarette smoking, examining distress occurring with or without food insecurity, and variations in the associations by socioeconomic status. We analyzed data from the 2015 U.S. Panel Study of Income Dynamics (n = 9048). A four-category variable was constructed based on responses to validated measures of psychological distress and of food insecurity: no distress and no food insecurity; food insecurity without distress; distress without food insecurity; and distress with food insecurity. Weighted, robust Poisson regression analysis examined associations with current smoking, with analyses stratified by socioeconomic status. Smoking prevalence was highest among respondents experiencing psychological distress with food insecurity (39%). Results showed that respondents with food insecurity alone had higher smoking prevalence (33%) than respondents with psychological distress alone (20%). Only among respondents above poverty, psychological distress without food insecurity was significantly associated with current smoking (prevalence ratio = 1.44; 95% CI [1.25, 1.65]). For respondents at/below poverty, psychological distress without food insecurity was not significantly associated with current smoking. Further examining how socioeconomic stressors, such as food insecurity, intersect with psychological distress is needed to address continued socioeconomic disparities in cigarette smoking and develop effective population-based interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin E. Kim-Mozeleski
- Department of Health Promotion and Policy, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Rajshree Pandey
- Department of Health Promotion and Policy, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Janice Y. Tsoh
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Liu W, Mumford EA. Concurrent Trajectories of Female Drinking and Smoking Behaviors Throughout Transitions to Pregnancy and Early Parenthood. PREVENTION SCIENCE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR PREVENTION RESEARCH 2017; 18:416-427. [PMID: 28349236 DOI: 10.1007/s11121-017-0780-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this longitudinal study was to investigate whether there are distinct etiological processes explaining dual usage of alcohol and conventional cigarettes by mothers from preconception through the early parenting years. Data on 8800 biological mothers were drawn from the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study-Birth Cohort (ECLS-B), representative of US births in 2001. A general growth mixture model (GGMM) was used to empirically identify developmental trajectories of maternal smoking and drinking over the 5-6-year study period. Six classes defined by alcohol consumption and cigarette smoking were identified. These included a nonsmoking, low probability of drinking class (41%), and two drinking classes displaying no smoking with either moderate (26%) or escalating high (8%) probability drinking. Additionally, two predominantly smoking classes were identified, one displaying temporary reduction in smoking during pregnancy and low probability of drinking (11%) and one following a trajectory of persistent heavy smoking with a declining probability of drinking (9%). The sixth class was described by temporary reduction in smoking during pregnancy with high probability of drinking (6%). Covariates differentially predicted class membership, e.g., having a high school degree but not further education predicted concurrent drinking and smoking, and breastfeeding for more than 6 months is protective against concurrent use. Prior to conception, during prenatal care, and in post-natal clinical visits, whether for personal or pediatric care, screening women of reproductive age via characteristics that predict heterogeneity in smoking and drinking trajectories may help guide prevention and treatment options.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Liu
- NORC at the University of Chicago, 4350 E-West Hwy, 8th Floor, Bethesda, MD, 20910, USA.
| | - Elizabeth A Mumford
- NORC at the University of Chicago, 4350 E-West Hwy, 8th Floor, Bethesda, MD, 20910, USA
| |
Collapse
|