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Ren J, Che Y, Li H, Gao H, Wang Y, Wang Y, Su H, Li Z, Li J, Qu P. SGK3 deficiency in macrophages suppresses angiotensin II-induced cardiac remodeling via regulating Ndufa13-mediated mitochondrial oxidative stress. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:359. [PMID: 39158709 PMCID: PMC11335188 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-024-05395-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Revised: 08/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/04/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
Infiltration of monocyte-derived macrophages plays a crucial role in cardiac remodeling and dysfunction. The serum and glucocorticoid-inducible protein kinase 3 (SGK3) is a downstream factor of PI3K signaling, regulating various biological processes via an AKT-independent signaling pathway. SGK3 has been implicated in cardiac remodeling. However, the contribution of macrophagic SGK3 to hypertensive cardiac remodeling remains unclear. A cardiac remodeling model was established by angiotensin II (Ang II) infusion in SGK3-Lyz2-CRE (f/f, +) and wild-type mice to assess the function of macrophagic SGK3. Additionally, a co-culture system of SGK3-deficient or wild-type macrophages and neonatal rat cardiomyocytes (CMs) or neonatal rat fibroblasts (CFs) was established to evaluate the effects of SGK3 and the underlying mechanisms. SGK3 levels were significantly elevated in both peripheral blood mononuclear cells and serum from patients with heart failure. Macrophage SGK3 deficiency attenuated Ang II-induced macrophage infiltration, myocardial hypertrophy, myocardial fibrosis, and mitochondrial oxidative stress. RNA sequencing suggested Ndufa13 as the candidate gene in the effect of SGK3 on Ang II-induced cardiac remolding. Downregulation of Ndufa13 in CMs and CFs prevented the suppression of cardiac remodeling caused by SGK3 deficiency in macrophages. Mechanistically, the absence of SGK3 led to a reduction in IL-1β secretion by inhibiting the NLRP3/Caspase-1/IL-1β pathway in macrophages, consequently suppressing upregulated Ndufa13 expression and mitochondrial oxidative stress in CMs and CFs. This study provides new evidence that SGK3 is a potent contributor to the pathogenesis of hypertensive cardiac remodeling, and targeting SGK3 in macrophages may serve as a potential therapy for cardiac remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayu Ren
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Heart and Vascular Diseases, Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 467 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, Liaoning, 116023, P.R. China
| | - Yilin Che
- The 1st Department of Thoracic Medical Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Heyu Li
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Heart and Vascular Diseases, Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 467 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, Liaoning, 116023, P.R. China
| | - Haijun Gao
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Heart and Vascular Diseases, Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 467 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, Liaoning, 116023, P.R. China
| | - Yue Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Heart and Vascular Diseases, Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 467 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, Liaoning, 116023, P.R. China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Heart and Vascular Diseases, Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 467 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, Liaoning, 116023, P.R. China
| | - Hongtong Su
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Heart and Vascular Diseases, Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 467 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, Liaoning, 116023, P.R. China
| | - Zhihan Li
- The Department of Pathology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Heart and Vascular Diseases, Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 467 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, Liaoning, 116023, P.R. China.
| | - Peng Qu
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Heart and Vascular Diseases, Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 467 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, Liaoning, 116023, P.R. China.
- Faculty of Medicine, Dalian University of Technology, No.2 Linggong Road, Ganjingzi District, Liaoning, 116024, P.R. China.
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Wang Q, Yang Y, Li P, Dong R, Sun C, Song G, Wang Y. Titanium dioxide nanoparticles induce apoptosis through ROS-Ca 2+-p38/AKT/mTOR pathway in TM4 cells. J Appl Toxicol 2024; 44:818-832. [PMID: 38272789 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) can cause apoptosis in TM4 cells; however, the underlying mechanism has not been entirely elucidated. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of TiO2 NPs on ROS, Ca2+ level, p38/AKT/mTOR pathway, and apoptosis in TM4 cells and to evaluate the role of Ca2+ in p38/AKT/mTOR pathway and apoptosis. After exposure to different concentrations (0, 50, 100, 150, and 200 μg/mL) of TiO2 NPs for 24 h, cell viability, ROS, Ca2+ level, Ca2+-ATPase activity, p38/AKT/mTOR pathway-related proteins, apoptosis rate, and apoptosis-related proteins (Bax, Bcl-2, Caspase 3, Caspase 9, and p53) were detected. The ROS scavenger NAC was used to determine the effect of ROS on Ca2+ level. The Ca2+ chelator BAPTA-AM was used to evaluate the role of Ca2+ in p38/AKT/mTOR pathway and apoptosis. TiO2 NPs significantly inhibited cell viability, increased ROS level, and elevated Ca2+ level while suppressing Ca2+-ATPase activity. TiO2 NPs regulated the p38/AKT/mTOR pathway via increasing p-p38 level and decreasing p-AKT and p-mTOR levels. TiO2 NPs significantly enhanced the apoptosis. NAC attenuated Ca2+ overload and reduction in Ca2+-ATPase activity caused by TiO2 NPs. BAPTA-AM alleviated TiO2 NPs-induced abnormal expression of p38/AKT/mTOR pathway-related proteins. BAPTA-AM assuaged the apoptosis caused by TiO2 NPs. Altogether, this study revealed that TiO2 NPs elevated intracellular Ca2+ level through ROS accumulation. Subsequently, the heightened intracellular Ca2+ level was observed to exert regulation over the p38/AKT/mTOR pathway, ultimately culminating in apoptosis. These results provides a complementary understanding to the mechanism of TiO2 NPs-induced apoptosis in TM4 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Wang
- Department of Preventive Medicine/the Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases and Public Health Security, the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | | | - Pengfei Li
- Department of Preventive Medicine/the Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases and Public Health Security, the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Ruoyun Dong
- Department of Preventive Medicine/the Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases and Public Health Security, the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Chenhao Sun
- Department of Preventive Medicine/the Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases and Public Health Security, the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Guanling Song
- Department of Preventive Medicine/the Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases and Public Health Security, the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Yan Wang
- School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
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Zheng Y, Chen X, Ding C, Liu X, Chi L, Zhang S. Abscisic acid ameliorates d-galactose -induced aging in mice by modulating AMPK-SIRT1-p53 pathway and intestinal flora. Heliyon 2024; 10:e28283. [PMID: 38524603 PMCID: PMC10957431 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Abscisic acid (ABA) is a plant hormone with various biological activities. Aging is a natural process accompanied by cognitive and physiological decline, and aging and its associated diseases pose a serious threat to public health, but its mechanisms remain insufficient. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the ameliorative effects of ABA on d-galactose (D-Gal)-induced aging in mice and to delve into its molecular mechanisms. Aging model was es-tablished by theintraperitoneal injection of D-Gal. We evaluated the oxidative stress by measuring superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), catalase (CAT) levels in serum. Proteins content in brain were determined by Western blot. D-Gal-induced brain damage was monitored by measuring the levels of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) content and hematoxylin-eosin staining (H&E). To evaluate the effects of ABA on aging, we measured the gut microbiota. The results demonstrated that ABA increased SOD, CAT and AChE, decreased MDA level. H&E staining showed that ABA could improve D-Gal-induced damage. In addition, ABA regulated the B-cell-lymphoma-2 (BCL-2) family and Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Protein kinase B (PI3K/AKT) signaling pathway, while further regulating the acetylation of p53 protein by modulating the AMPK pathway and activating SIRT1 protein, thereby inhibiting the apoptosis of brain neurons and thus regulating the aging process. Interestingly, ABA improved the ratio of intestinal bacteria involved in regulating multiple metabolic pathways in the aging process, such as Bacteroides, Firmicutes, Lactobacillus and Ak-kermansia. In conclusion, the present study suggests that ABA may be responsible for improving and delaying the aging process by enhancing antioxidant activity, anti-apoptosis and regulating intestinal flora.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongchun Zheng
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin, 132101, China
| | - Xueyan Chen
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Chuanbo Ding
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin, 132101, China
- Changbai Mountain Characteristic Medicinal Resources Research and Development Innovation Center, Jilin, 132101, China
| | - Xinglong Liu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin, 132101, China
- Changbai Mountain Characteristic Medicinal Resources Research and Development Innovation Center, Jilin, 132101, China
| | - Lihua Chi
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin, 132101, China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
- Changbai Mountain Characteristic Medicinal Resources Research and Development Innovation Center, Jilin, 132101, China
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Glassman I, Le N, Asif A, Goulding A, Alcantara CA, Vu A, Chorbajian A, Mirhosseini M, Singh M, Venketaraman V. The Role of Obesity in Breast Cancer Pathogenesis. Cells 2023; 12:2061. [PMID: 37626871 PMCID: PMC10453206 DOI: 10.3390/cells12162061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Research has shown that obesity increases the risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus (Type 2 DM) by promoting insulin resistance, increases serum estrogen levels by the upregulation of aromatase, and promotes the release of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by macrophages. Increased circulating glucose has been shown to activate mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), a significant signaling pathway in breast cancer pathogenesis. Estrogen plays an instrumental role in estrogen-receptor-positive breast cancers. The role of ROS in breast cancer warrants continued investigation, in relation to both pathogenesis and treatment of breast cancer. We aim to review the role of obesity in breast cancer pathogenesis and novel therapies mediating obesity-associated breast cancer development. We explore the association between body mass index (BMI) and breast cancer incidence and the mechanisms by which oxidative stress modulates breast cancer pathogenesis. We discuss the role of glutathione, a ubiquitous antioxidant, in breast cancer therapy. Lastly, we review breast cancer therapies targeting mTOR signaling, leptin signaling, blood sugar reduction, and novel immunotherapy targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ira Glassman
- College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA (N.L.); (A.A.); (C.A.A.); (M.M.)
| | - Nghia Le
- College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA (N.L.); (A.A.); (C.A.A.); (M.M.)
| | - Aamna Asif
- College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA (N.L.); (A.A.); (C.A.A.); (M.M.)
| | - Anabel Goulding
- College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA (N.L.); (A.A.); (C.A.A.); (M.M.)
| | - Cheldon Ann Alcantara
- College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA (N.L.); (A.A.); (C.A.A.); (M.M.)
| | - Annie Vu
- College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA (N.L.); (A.A.); (C.A.A.); (M.M.)
| | - Abraham Chorbajian
- College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA (N.L.); (A.A.); (C.A.A.); (M.M.)
| | - Mercedeh Mirhosseini
- College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA (N.L.); (A.A.); (C.A.A.); (M.M.)
| | - Manpreet Singh
- Corona Regional Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Corona, CA 92882, USA
| | - Vishwanath Venketaraman
- College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA (N.L.); (A.A.); (C.A.A.); (M.M.)
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Yang Z, Xie H, Wan J, Wang Y, Zhang L, Zhou K, Tang H, Zhao W, Wang H, Song P, Zheng S. A nanotherapeutic strategy that engages cytotoxic and immunosuppressive activities for the treatment of cancer recurrence following organ transplantation. EBioMedicine 2023; 92:104594. [PMID: 37167784 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long-term treatment with immunosuppressants is necessary to attenuate allograft rejection following organ transplantation (OT). Consequently, the overall survival of OT recipients with malignancies has been substantially compromised by tumour recurrence. Rapamycin (RAPA) is a clinically approved immunosuppressive agent with antitumour activity that is considered beneficial in preventing posttransplant tumour recurrence. However, the clinical outcome of RAPA is impeded by acquired drug resistance and its poor oral bioavailability. METHODS A nanotherapeutic strategy was developed by supramolecular assembly of RAPA into a polymer cytotoxic 7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin (SN38) prodrug nanoparticle (termed SRNP) for simultaneous codelivery of cytotoxic/immunosuppressive agents. Cell-based experiments were used to evaluate the cytotoxicity of SRNPs against hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The therapeutic efficacy of SRNPs was evaluated in multiple preclinical models including an orthotopic HCC mouse model, an orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) rat model and a clinically relevant cancer-transplant model to examine its antitumour and immunosuppressive activity. FINDINGS The combination of SN38 with RAPA resulted in synergetic effects against HCC cells and alleviated RAPA resistance by abrogating Akt/mTOR signalling activation. SRNPs exhibited potent antitumour efficiency in the orthotopic HCC model while substantially prolonging the survival of allografts in the OLT model. In the cancer-transplant model that simultaneously bears tumour xenografts and skin allografts, SRNPs not only effectively inhibited tumour growth but also attenuated allograft damage. INTERPRETATION The nanotherapy presented here had enhanced efficacy against tumours and maintained satisfactory immunosuppressive activity and thus has great potential to improve the survival outcomes of patients with a high risk of tumour recurrence following OT. FUNDING This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32171368 and 31671019), the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (LZ21H180001), the Zhejiang Province Preeminence Youth Fund (LR19H160002), and the Jinan Provincial Laboratory Research Project of Microecological Biomedicine (JNL-2022039c).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhentao Yang
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Haiyang Xie
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Hangzhou 310003, China; Key Laboratory of the Diagnosis and Treatment of Organ Transplantation, Research Unit of Collaborative Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU019), Hangzhou 310003, China; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Research Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Hepatobiliary Diseases, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Jianqin Wan
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Yuchen Wang
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Ke Zhou
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Hong Tang
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Wentao Zhao
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Hangxiang Wang
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Penghong Song
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Hangzhou 310003, China; Key Laboratory of the Diagnosis and Treatment of Organ Transplantation, Research Unit of Collaborative Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU019), Hangzhou 310003, China; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Research Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Hepatobiliary Diseases, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Shusen Zheng
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Hangzhou 310003, China; Key Laboratory of the Diagnosis and Treatment of Organ Transplantation, Research Unit of Collaborative Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU019), Hangzhou 310003, China; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Research Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Hepatobiliary Diseases, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China; State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China.
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Wang X, Jiang W, Du Y, Zhu D, Zhang J, Fang C, Yan F, Chen ZS. Targeting feedback activation of signaling transduction pathways to overcome drug resistance in cancer. Drug Resist Updat 2022; 65:100884. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2022.100884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Screening of and mechanism underlying the action of serum- and glucocorticoid-regulated kinase 3-targeted drugs against estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 927:174982. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.174982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Liu XL, Zhao YC, Zhu HY, Wu M, Zheng YN, Yang M, Cheng ZQ, Ding CB, Liu WC. Taxifolin retards the D-galactose-induced aging process through inhibiting Nrf2-mediated oxidative stress and regulating the gut microbiota in mice. Food Funct 2021; 12:12142-12158. [PMID: 34788354 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo01349a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Aging and aging-related metabolic complications are global problems that seriously threaten public health. Taxifolin (TAX) is a novel health food and has been widely proved to have a variety of biological activities used in food and medicine. However, the delayed effect of TAX on the aging process has not been investigated. The purpose of this study is to explore the role of TAX as a natural active substance on aging brain tissue induced by D-galactose (D-Gal) and to determine the effect of supplementing TAX on the metabolism of the intestinal flora in aging bodies. The aging model was established by intraperitoneal injection of D-Gal (800 mg kg-1) once per 3 days for 12 weeks, and TAX (20 and 40 mg kg-1) was administered daily by oral gavage after 6 weeks of induction with D-Gal. After testing aging mice in an eight-arm maze, the results showed that TAX treatment significantly restored spatial learning and memory impairment. Moreover, long-term D-Gal treatment incited cholinergic dysfunction of aging mice, and H&E staining revealed obvious histopathological damage and structural disorder in the hippocampus of mouse brain tissue, while TAX treatment significantly reversed these changes. Importantly, supplementing with TAX significantly mitigated oxidative stress injury by alleviating the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) while increasing antioxidant enzymes. Furthermore, TAX decreased the apoptosis of the aging brain by regulating the phosphorylation levels of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), protein kinase B (AKT), and activating nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), nuclear heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), and NADH dehydrogenase quinone 1 (NQO1) to maximally moderate the oxidative stress injury that occurred after D-Gal induction. In addition, 16S rDNA analysis revealed that TAX treatment decelerated the D-gal-induced aging process by regulating the composition of the intestinal flora and abundance of beneficial bacteria, including Enterorhabdus, Clostridium, Bifidobacterium, and Parvibacter. In conclusion, the results of this study demonstrated that TAX alleviated oxidative stress injury in mice aged by D-Gal and also confirmed that TAX improved the aging process by regulating intestinal microbes, which provides the possibility of prevention and treatment for aging and metabolic disorders through the potential food health factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Long Liu
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.
| | - Ying-Chun Zhao
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.
| | - Hong-Yan Zhu
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.
| | - Ming Wu
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.
| | - Yi-Nan Zheng
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.
| | - Min Yang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin 132101, China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Cheng
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.
| | - Chuan-Bo Ding
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.
| | - Wen-Cong Liu
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China. .,State Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Ginseng Breeding and Application, Changchun 130118, China
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Li Y, Wei T, Fan Y, Shan T, Sun J, Chen B, Wang Z, Gu L, Yang T, Liu L, Du C, Ma Y, Wang H, Sun R, Wei Y, Chen F, Guo X, Kong X, Wang L. Serine/Threonine-Protein Kinase 3 Facilitates Myocardial Repair After Cardiac Injury Possibly Through the Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3β/β-Catenin Pathway. J Am Heart Assoc 2021; 10:e022802. [PMID: 34726469 PMCID: PMC8751936 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.121.022802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background The neonatal heart maintains its entire regeneration capacity within days after birth. Using quantitative phosphoproteomics technology, we identified that SGK3 (serine/threonine-protein kinase 3) in the neonatal heart is highly expressed and activated after myocardial infarction. This study aimed to uncover the function and related mechanisms of SGK3 on cardiomyocyte proliferation and cardiac repair after apical resection or ischemia/reperfusion injury. Methods and Results The effect of SGK3 on proliferation and oxygen glucose deprivation/reoxygenation- induced apoptosis in isolated cardiomyocytes was evaluated using cardiomyocyte-specific SGK3 overexpression or knockdown adenovirus5 vector. In vivo, gain- and loss-of-function experiments using cardiomyocyte-specific adeno-associated virus 9 were performed to determine the effect of SGK3 in cardiomyocyte proliferation and cardiac repair after apical resection or ischemia/reperfusion injury. In vitro, overexpression of SGK3 enhanced, whereas knockdown of SGK3 decreased, the cardiomyocyte proliferation ratio. In vivo, inhibiting the expression of SGK3 shortened the time window of cardiac regeneration after apical resection in neonatal mice, and overexpression of SGK3 significantly promoted myocardial repair and cardiac function recovery after ischemia/reperfusion injury in adult mice. Mechanistically, SGK3 promoted cardiomyocyte regeneration and myocardial repair after cardiac injury by inhibiting GSK-3β (glycogen synthase kinase-3β) activity and upregulating β-catenin expression. SGK3 also upregulated the expression of cell cycle promoting genes G1/S-specific cyclin-D1, c-myc (cellular-myelocytomatosis viral oncogene), and cdc20 (cell division cycle 20), but downregulated the expression of cell cycle negative regulators cyclin kinase inhibitor P 21 and cyclin kinase inhibitor P 27. Conclusions Our study reveals a key role of SGK3 on cardiac repair after apical resection or ischemia/reperfusion injury, which may reopen a novel therapeutic option for myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya‐Fei Li
- Department of CardiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Tian‐Wen Wei
- Department of CardiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Yi Fan
- Department of CardiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
- Department of CardiologySchool of MedicineZhongda HospitalSoutheast UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Tian‐Kai Shan
- Department of CardiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Jia‐Teng Sun
- Department of CardiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Bing‐Rui Chen
- Department of CardiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Zi‐Mu Wang
- Department of CardiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Ling‐Feng Gu
- Department of CardiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Tong‐Tong Yang
- Department of CardiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Liu Liu
- Department of CardiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Chong Du
- Department of CardiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Yao Ma
- Department of CardiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of CardiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Rui Sun
- Department of CardiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Yong‐Yue Wei
- Department of BiostatisticsSchool of Public HealthChina International Cooperation Center for Environment and Human HealthNanjingChina
| | - Feng Chen
- Department of BiostatisticsSchool of Public HealthChina International Cooperation Center for Environment and Human HealthNanjingChina
| | - Xue‐Jiang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive MedicineDepartment of Histology and EmbryologyNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Xiang‐Qing Kong
- Department of CardiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Lian‐Sheng Wang
- Department of CardiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
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10
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Zhang Y, Shi X, Xie X, Laster KV, Pang M, Liu K, Hwang J, Kim DJ. Harmaline isolated from Peganum harmala suppresses growth of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma through targeting mTOR. Phytother Res 2021; 35:6377-6388. [PMID: 34545650 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Harmaline is a naturally occurring β-carboline alkaloid that is isolated from Peganum harmala. It has shown efficacy in treating Parkinson's disease and has been reported to exhibit antimicrobial and anticancer properties. However, the molecular mechanism of harmaline in the context of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) has not been characterized. Here, we report that harmaline attenuates ESCC growth by directly targeting the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). Harmaline strongly reduced cell proliferation and anchorage-independent cell growth. Additionally, harmaline treatment induced G2/M phase cell-cycle arrest through upregulation of p27. The results of in vitro and cell-based assays showed that harmaline directly inhibited the activity of mTOR kinase and the phosphorylation of its downstream pathway components. Depletion of mTOR using an shRNA-mediated strategy in ESCC cell lines indicated that reduced mTOR protein expression levels are correlated with decreased cell proliferation. Additionally, we observed that the inhibitory effect of harmaline was dependent upon mTOR expression. Notably, oral administration of harmaline suppressed ESCC patient-derived tumor growth in vivo. Taken together, harmaline is a potential mTOR inhibitor that might be used for therapeutically treating ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Zhang
- The Pathophysiology Department, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaodan Shi
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaomeng Xie
- The Pathophysiology Department, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, China
| | | | - Mengjun Pang
- The Pathophysiology Department, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Kangdong Liu
- The Pathophysiology Department, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, China.,The Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,The Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Cancer Chemoprevention, Zhengzhou, China.,International Joint Research Center of Cancer Chemoprevention, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Joonsung Hwang
- Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Anticancer Agent Research Center, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Joon Kim
- The Pathophysiology Department, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, China.,The Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Cancer Chemoprevention, Zhengzhou, China
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11
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Luo W, Wang F, Luo H, Liu H. Arctigenin inhibits human breast cancer cell proliferation, migratory and invasive abilities and epithelial to mesenchymal transition by targeting 4EBP1. Exp Ther Med 2021; 21:547. [PMID: 33850519 PMCID: PMC8027718 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.9979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is one of the most common types of cancer with the highest morbidity rate amongst all cancers in women worldwide. Arctigenin is isolated from the seeds of Asteraceae lappa and exhibits anti-inflammatory and anti-viral effects. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of arctigenin on BC cells and to explore the regulation of arctigenin on eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E binding protein 1 (4EBP1) expression. To do so, MDA-MB-231 and BT549 cells were treated with arctigenin at various concentrations (0, 5, 10, 20 and 40 µM). Cells treated with 40 µM arctigenin were transfected with pcDNA3.1-4EBP1 or NC control. Cell Counting Kit-8 assay was used to determine cell proliferation, reverse transcription quantitative PCR was used to evaluate the transfection efficiency, western blotting was used to detect relative protein expression and Transwell assays were performed to evaluate the migratory and invasive abilities of BC cells. The results demonstrated that arctigenin could inhibit the proliferation, migratory and invasive abilities, and epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) of MDA-MB-231 and BT549 cells. Furthermore, arctigenin downregulated the expression of 4EBP1 in MDA-MB-231 and BT549 cells, whereas 4EBP1 overexpression could reverse the inhibiting effect of arctigenin on proliferation, migratory and invasive abilities, and EMT in MDA-MB-231 and BT549 cells. The findings suggested that arctigenin may inhibit human BC cell proliferation, migratory and invasive abilities, and EMT by targeting 4EBP1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenfang Luo
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Hewei Luo
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
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12
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Liu B, Cui Y, Chen W, Du L, Li C, Wan C, He Z. Hsa-miR-100-3p Controls the Proliferation, DNA Synthesis, and Apoptosis of Human Sertoli Cells by Binding to SGK3. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:642916. [PMID: 34046405 PMCID: PMC8144512 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.642916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Human Sertoli cell is required for completing normal spermatogenesis, and significantly, it has important applications in reproduction and regenerative medicine because of its great plasticity. Nevertheless, the molecular mechanisms underlying the fate decisions of human Sertoli cells remain to be clarified. Here, we have demonstrated the expression, function, and mechanism of Homo sapiens-microRNA (hsa-miR)-100-3p in human Sertoli cells. We revealed that miR-100-3p was expressed at a higher level in human Sertoli cells by 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) than 0.5% FBS. MiR-100-3p mimics enhanced the DNA synthesis and the proliferation of human Sertoli cells, as indicated by 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine (EdU) and Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assays. Flow cytometry showed that miR-100-3p mimics reduced the apoptosis of human Sertoli cells, and notably, we predicted and further identified serum/glucocorticoid regulated kinase family member 3 (SGK3) as a direct target of MiR-100-3p. SGK3 silencing increased the proliferation and decreased the apoptosis of human Sertoli cells, while SGK3 siRNA 3 assumed a similar role to miR-100-3p mimics in human Sertoli cells. Collectively, our study indicates that miR-100-3p regulates the fate decisions of human Sertoli cells by binding to SGK3. This study is of great significance, since it provides the novel epigenetic regulator for the proliferation and apoptosis of human Sertoli cells and it may offer a new clue for gene therapy of male infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bang Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Model Animals and Stem Cell Biology in Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Yinghong Cui
- The Key Laboratory of Model Animals and Stem Cell Biology in Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Wei Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Model Animals and Stem Cell Biology in Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Li Du
- The Key Laboratory of Model Animals and Stem Cell Biology in Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Chunyun Li
- The Key Laboratory of Model Animals and Stem Cell Biology in Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Cailin Wan
- The Key Laboratory of Model Animals and Stem Cell Biology in Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Zuping He
- The Key Laboratory of Model Animals and Stem Cell Biology in Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
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13
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Herrick WG, Kilpatrick CL, Hollingshead MG, Esposito D, O'Sullivan Coyne G, Gross AM, Johnson BC, Chen AP, Widemann BC, Doroshow JH, Parchment RE, Srivastava AK. Isoform- and Phosphorylation-specific Multiplexed Quantitative Pharmacodynamics of Drugs Targeting PI3K and MAPK Signaling in Xenograft Models and Clinical Biopsies. Mol Cancer Ther 2021; 20:749-760. [PMID: 33536190 PMCID: PMC8026683 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-20-0566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK (MAPK) and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways influence several cell functions involved in oncogenesis, making them attractive drug targets. We describe a novel multiplex immunoassay to quantitate isoform-specific phosphorylation of proteins in the PI3K/AKT and MAPK pathways as a tool to assess pharmacodynamic changes. Isoform-specific assays measuring total protein and site-specific phosphorylation levels of ERK1/2, MEK1/2, AKT1/2/3, and rpS6 were developed on the Luminex platform with validated antibody reagents. The multiplex assay demonstrated satisfactory analytic performance. Fit-for-purpose validation was performed with xenograft models treated with selected agents. In PC3 and HCC70 xenograft tumors, the PI3Kβ inhibitor AZD8186 suppressed phosphorylation of AKT1, AKT2, and rpS6 for 4 to 7 hours post single dose, but levels returned to baseline by 24 hours. AKT3 phosphorylation was suppressed in PC3 xenografts at all doses tested, but only at the highest dose in HCC70. The AKT inhibitor MK-2206 reduced AKT1/2/3 phosphorylation in SW620 xenograft tumors 2 to 4 hours postdose, and the MEK inhibitor selumetinib reduced MEK1/2 and ERK1/2 phosphorylation by up to 50% and >90%, respectively. Clinical utility was demonstrated by analyzing biopsies from untreated patients with plexiform neurofibromas enrolled in a clinical trial of selumetinib (NCT02407405). These biopsies showed MEK and ERK phosphorylation levels sufficient for measuring up to 90% inhibition, and low AKT and rpS6 phosphorylation. This validated multiplex immunoassay demonstrates the degree and duration of phosphorylation modulation for three distinct classes of drugs targeting the PI3K/AKT and MAPK pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- William G Herrick
- Clinical Pharmacodynamics Biomarker Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick, Maryland
| | - Casey L Kilpatrick
- Clinical Pharmacodynamics Biomarker Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick, Maryland
| | | | - Dominic Esposito
- Protein Expression Laboratory, Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick, Maryland
| | | | - Andrea M Gross
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, NCI, Bethesda, Maryland
- Center for Cancer Research, NCI, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Barry C Johnson
- Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, NCI, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Alice P Chen
- Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, NCI, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Brigitte C Widemann
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, NCI, Bethesda, Maryland
- Center for Cancer Research, NCI, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - James H Doroshow
- Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, NCI, Bethesda, Maryland
- Center for Cancer Research, NCI, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Ralph E Parchment
- Clinical Pharmacodynamics Biomarker Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick, Maryland
| | - Apurva K Srivastava
- Clinical Pharmacodynamics Biomarker Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick, Maryland.
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14
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Yuen C, Wong W, Mak L, Wang X, Chu H, Yuen K, Kok K. Suppression of SARS-CoV-2 infection in ex-vivo human lung tissues by targeting class III phosphoinositide 3-kinase. J Med Virol 2021; 93:2076-2083. [PMID: 33026649 PMCID: PMC7675438 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.26583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The novel betacoronavirus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) emerged at the end of 2019 and caused the coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic due to its high transmissibility and early immunosuppression. Previous studies on other betacoronaviruses suggested that betacoronavirus infection is associated with the host autophagy pathway. However, it is unclear whether any components of autophagy or virophagy can be therapeutic targets for COVID-19 treatment. In this report, we examined the antiviral effect of four well-characterized small molecule inhibitors that target the key cellular factors involved in key steps of the autophagy pathway. They include small molecules targeting the ULK1/Atg1 complex involved in the induction stage of autophagy (ULK1 inhibitor SBI0206965), the ATG14/Beclin1/VPS34 complex involved in the nucleation step of autophagy (class III PI3-kinase inhibitor VPS34-IN1), and a widely-used autophagy inhibitor that persistently inhibits class I and temporary inhibits class III PI3-kinase (3-MA) and a clinically approved autophagy inhibitor that suppresses autophagy by inhibiting lysosomal acidification and prevents the formation of autophagolysosome (HCQ). Surprisingly, not all the tested autophagy inhibitors suppressed SARS-CoV-2 infection. We showed that inhibition of class III PI3-kinase involved in the initiation step of both canonical and noncanonical autophagy potently suppressed SARS-CoV-2 at a nano-molar level. In addition, this specific kinase inhibitor VPS34-IN1, and its bioavailable analogue VVPS34-IN1, potently inhibited SARS-CoV-2 infection in ex vivo human lung tissues. Taken together, class III PI3-kinase may be a possible target for COVID-19 therapeutic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun‐Kit Yuen
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative RegionHong KongChina
| | - Wan‐Man Wong
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative RegionHong KongChina
| | - Long‐Fung Mak
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative RegionHong KongChina
| | - Xiaohui Wang
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative RegionHong KongChina
| | - Hin Chu
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative RegionHong KongChina
| | - Kwok‐Yung Yuen
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative RegionHong KongChina
| | - Kin‐Hang Kok
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative RegionHong KongChina
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15
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Zhou L, Pu Y, Zhou Y, Wang B, Chen Y, Bai Y, He S. Genome wide methylation analysis to uncover genes related to recurrent pregnancy loss. Genes Genomics 2021; 43:361-369. [PMID: 33555507 DOI: 10.1007/s13258-020-01020-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) refers to two or more consecutive spontaneous abortion before 24 weeks of gestation, representing 1% of couples of childbearing age. Epigenetic factors including dysregulation of DNA methylation of some genes may play a role in RPL. OBJECTIVE To identify RPL related genes modulated by DNA methylation expressed in decidua and blood. METHODS Three decidua samples each from RPL patients and normal controls were recruited to perform genome-wide bisulfite sequencing (GWBS) and transcriptome sequencing. Based on the above results, 22.52 kb of differential methylation regions (DMRs) from 17 genes were verified by bisulfite sequencing PCR at specific region (Hi-MethylSeq) in another 15 decidua (7RPL vs. 8 Controls) and 13 blood (5RPL vs. 8 Controls) samples. RESULTS 23 genes showed significantly differential cytosine methylation status and distinct expression level between PRL patients and healthy controls synergistically. Three signaling pathways were found to be shared between genes with both hypomethylated differential methylation regions (DMR) and upregulated differential gene expression (DGE). The results from Hi-MethylSeq showed that the hypermethylation of SGK1 in both blood and decidua samples in RPL patients, which was consistent to its lower expression in endometrium reported earlier. SGK3 and CREB5 also showed modulated methylation level in RPL decidua. CONCLUSION Our finding supported that aberrant methylation of SGK1 and CREB5 could be a cause of the dysregulation of these gens in the endometrium, which is one of cause of reproductive failure. The function of SGK3 in reproduction system deserves further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixia Zhou
- Obstetrics, Songshan Lake Central Hospital, No 1 Xianglong Road, Shilong Town, Dongguan, 523326, Guangdong, China
| | - Yudong Pu
- Obstetrics, Songshan Lake Central Hospital, No 1 Xianglong Road, Shilong Town, Dongguan, 523326, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuxun Zhou
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin Wang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ye Chen
- Shanghai Biowing Applied Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Bai
- Shanghai Biowing Applied Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuzhen He
- Obstetrics, Songshan Lake Central Hospital, No 1 Xianglong Road, Shilong Town, Dongguan, 523326, Guangdong, China.
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16
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Zhao H, Lin J, Sieck G, Haddad GG. Neuroprotective Role of Akt in Hypoxia Adaptation in Andeans. Front Neurosci 2021; 14:607711. [PMID: 33519361 PMCID: PMC7843528 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.607711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic mountain sickness (CMS) is a disease that potentially threatens a large segment of high-altitude populations during extended living at altitudes above 2,500 m. Patients with CMS suffer from severe hypoxemia, excessive erythrocytosis and neurologic deficits. The cellular mechanisms underlying CMS neuropathology remain unknown. We previously showed that iPSC-derived CMS neurons have altered mitochondrial dynamics and increased susceptibility to hypoxia-induced cell death. Genome analysis from the same population identified many ER stress-related genes that play an important role in hypoxia adaptation or lack thereof. In the current study, we showed that iPSC-derived CMS neurons have increased expression of ER stress markers Grp78 and XBP1s under normoxia and hyperphosphorylation of PERK under hypoxia, alleviating ER stress does not rescue the hypoxia-induced CMS neuronal cell death. Akt is a cytosolic regulator of ER stress with PERK as a direct target of Akt. CMS neurons exhibited lack of Akt activation and lack of increased Parkin expression as compared to non-CMS neurons under hypoxia. By enhancing Akt activation and Parkin overexpression, hypoxia-induced CMS neuronal cell death was reduced. Taken together, we propose that increased Akt activation protects non-CMS from hypoxia-induced cell death. In contrast, impaired adaptive mechanisms including failure to activate Akt and increase Parkin expression render CMS neurons more susceptible to hypoxia-induced cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen Zhao
- Department of Pediatrics (Respiratory Medicine), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Jonathan Lin
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
- VA Palo Alto Healthcare System, Palo Alto, CA, United States
| | - Gary Sieck
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Gabriel G. Haddad
- Department of Pediatrics (Respiratory Medicine), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
- The Rady Children’s Hospital, San Diego, CA, United States
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17
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Chen YQ, Zhu WT, Lin CY, Yuan ZW, Li ZH, Yan PK. Delivery of Rapamycin by Liposomes Synergistically Enhances the Chemotherapy Effect of 5-Fluorouracil on Colorectal Cancer. Int J Nanomedicine 2021; 16:269-281. [PMID: 33469286 PMCID: PMC7811466 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s270939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Rapamycin is a promising agent for treating tumors, but clinical applications of rapamycin are limited due to its poor water solubility and low bioavailability. This paper constructs a liposome delivery system for rapamycin to improve the effect in treating colorectal cancer. Methods We prepared the rapamycin liposomes using the ethanol injection method. The cellular uptake and biodistribution were detected by LC-MS and in vivo imaging system. MTT assay, transwell migration experiment, flow cytometry, and Western blot analysis evaluated the antitumor effect of rapamycin liposomes in vitro. Furthermore, HCT-116 tumor-bearing mice were used to assess the therapeutic efficacy of rapamycin liposomes in vivo. Results The prepared rapamycin liposomes had a particle size of 100±5.5 nm and with a narrow size distribution. In vitro cellular uptake experiments showed that the uptake of rapamycin liposomes by colorectal cells was higher than that of free rapamycin. Subsequently, in vivo imaging experiments also demonstrated that rapamycin liposomes exhibited higher tumor accumulation. Therefore, the ability of rapamycin liposomes to inhibit tumor proliferation, migration and to induce tumor apoptosis is superior to that of free rapamycin. We also demonstrated in vivo good antitumor efficacy of the rapamycin liposomes in HCT-116 xenograft mice. In addition, rapamycin liposomes and 5-FU can synergistically improve the efficacy of colorectal cancer via the Akt/mTOR and P53 pathways. Conclusion Collectively, rapamycin liposomes are a potential treatment for colorectal cancer, as it not only improves rapamycin’s antitumor effect but also synergistically enhances 5-FU’s chemotherapy effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Qing Chen
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Ting Zhu
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, People's Republic of China
| | - Cai-Yan Lin
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhong-Wen Yuan
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen-Hua Li
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng-Ke Yan
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, People's Republic of China
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18
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Yu Q, Luo J, Zhang J, Chen Y, Chen K, Lin J, Sun S, Lin X. Oxymatrine inhibits the development of non-small cell lung cancer through miR-367-3p upregulation and target gene SGK3 downregulation. Am J Transl Res 2020; 12:5538-5550. [PMID: 33042436 PMCID: PMC7540135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Oxymatrine (OM), an important active ingredient extracted from sophora flavescens, has attracted more attention for its anti-tumor effect in recent years, with pronounced effects on the development of multiple tumors, acting as a potential effective low toxic drug in clinical tumor treatment. In this study, CCK-8 and transwell experiments were applied to detect cell proliferation and migration. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blotting were used to test the expression of miR-367-3p and serum and glucocorticoid regulated kinase 3 (SGK3). The function of oxymatrine in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) progression was also confirmed in vivo. Then, CCK-8 and transwell assays revealed that oxymatrine could repress NSCLC cell migration and proliferation. qRT-PCR showed the striking promotion roles of oxymatrine in cancer suppressor gene miR-367-3p expression. The results of further dual luciferase reporter gene experiment demonstrated that SGK3 was a target gene of miR-367-3p and under the regulation of oxymatrine. The rescue experiments indicated that OM functioned via miR-367-3p, while miR-367-3p exerted its function by action on SGK3. Finally, in vivo studies showed that OM could also inhibit tumor growth. As a result, this study found that OM inhibited the development of NSCLC through reducing the expression of a downstream target gene SGK3 by promoting miR-367-3p expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinghua Yu
- Department of Radiology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Provincial Clinical College of Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Jiewei Luo
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Provincial Clinical College of Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Jiguang Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Provincial Clinical College of Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yangming Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Provincial Clinical College of Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Kai Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Provincial Clinical College of Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Jianbin Lin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Provincial Clinical College of Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Shihui Sun
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Provincial Clinical College of Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Xing Lin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Provincial Clinical College of Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhou, Fujian, China
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19
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Wu Y, Ma J, Sun Y, Tang M, Kong L. Effect and mechanism of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway in the apoptosis of GC-1 cells induced by nickel nanoparticles. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 255:126913. [PMID: 32402875 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Nickel nanoparticles (Ni NPs) have a wide range of application prospects, but there is still a lack of their safety evaluation for the reproductive system. Nowadays, male reproductive health has been widely concerned because of the increasing incidence of male infertility. Studies have shown that Ni NPs can cause male reproductive toxicity. The purpose of this study was to investigate the toxicity of Ni NPs on GC-1 cells, a mouse spermatogonia cell line, and to explore the possible mechanism underlying the induction of apoptosis via PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. The cell ultrastructure was firstly observed under a transmission electron microscope. Then, cell proliferation, cycle and apoptosis were detected by CCK-8 and flow cytometry, respectively. Furthermore, the expression levels of related proteins and genes were determined by Western blot and Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, respectively. The results showed that Ni NPs could not only cause changes in cell ultrastructure, decreased survival rate and arrested G1 phase cell cycle, but also activated apoptosis pathway by inhibiting the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. The results of this study provide novel insights to explore the mechanisms of reproductive toxicity of Ni NPs and are of great significance to develop safety evaluation criteria for Ni NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongya Wu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Jun Ma
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Yufei Sun
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Meng Tang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Lu Kong
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
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Jiang YZ, Liu Y, Xiao Y, Hu X, Jiang L, Zuo WJ, Ma D, Ding J, Zhu X, Zou J, Verschraegen C, Stover DG, Kaklamani V, Wang ZH, Shao ZM. Molecular subtyping and genomic profiling expand precision medicine in refractory metastatic triple-negative breast cancer: the FUTURE trial. Cell Res 2020; 31:178-186. [PMID: 32719455 PMCID: PMC8027015 DOI: 10.1038/s41422-020-0375-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a highly heterogeneous disease, and molecular subtyping may result in improved diagnostic precision and targeted therapies. Our previous study classified TNBCs into four subtypes with putative therapeutic targets. Here, we conducted the FUTURE trial (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03805399), a phase Ib/II subtyping-based and genomic biomarker-guided umbrella trial, to evaluate the efficacy of these targets. Patients with refractory metastatic TNBC were enrolled and stratified by TNBC subtypes and genomic biomarkers, and assigned to one of these seven arms: (A) pyrotinib with capecitabine, (B) androgen receptor inhibitor with CDK4/6 inhibitor, (C) anti PD-1 with nab-paclitaxel, (D) PARP inhibitor included, (E) and (F) anti-VEGFR included, or (G) mTOR inhibitor with nab-paclitaxel. The primary end point was the objective response rate (ORR). We enrolled 69 refractory metastatic TNBC patients with a median of three previous lines of therapy (range, 1–8). Objective response was achieved in 20 (29.0%, 95% confidence interval (CI): 18.7%–41.2%) of the 69 intention-to-treat (ITT) patients. Our results showed that immunotherapy (arm C), in particular, achieved the highest ORR (52.6%, 95% CI: 28.9%–75.6%) in the ITT population. Arm E demonstrated favorable ORR (26.1%, 95% CI: 10.2%–48.4% in the ITT population) but with more high grade (≥ 3) adverse events. Somatic mutations of TOP2A and CD8 immunohistochemical score may have the potential to predict immunotherapy response in the immunomodulatory subtype of TNBC. In conclusion, the phase Ib/II FUTURE trial suggested a new concept for TNBC treatment, demonstrating the clinical benefit of subtyping-based targeted therapy for refractory metastatic TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Zhou Jiang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center; Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yin Liu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center; Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yi Xiao
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center; Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xin Hu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center; Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Lin Jiang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center; Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Wen-Jia Zuo
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center; Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Ding Ma
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center; Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jiahan Ding
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center; Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhu
- Jiangsu Hengrui Medicine Co Ltd, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, 222002, China
| | - Jianjun Zou
- Jiangsu Hengrui Medicine Co Ltd, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, 222002, China
| | - Claire Verschraegen
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Daniel G Stover
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Virginia Kaklamani
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78284, USA
| | - Zhong-Hua Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center; Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Shanghai, 200032, China. .,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Zhi-Ming Shao
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center; Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Shanghai, 200032, China. .,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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