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Chabronova A, Holmes TL, Hoang DM, Denning C, James V, Smith JGW, Peffers MJ. SnoRNAs in cardiovascular development, function, and disease. Trends Mol Med 2024; 30:562-578. [PMID: 38523014 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2024.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) are emerging as important regulators of cardiovascular (patho)biology. Several roles of snoRNAs have recently been identified in heart development and congenital heart diseases, as well as their dynamic regulation in hypertrophic and dilated cardiomyopathies, coronary heart disease (CHD), myocardial infarction (MI), cardiac fibrosis, and heart failure. Furthermore, reports of changes in vesicular snoRNA expression and altered levels of circulating snoRNAs in response to cardiac stress suggest that snoRNAs also function in cardiac signaling and intercellular communication. In this review, we summarize and discuss key findings and outline the clinical potential of snoRNAs considering current challenges and gaps in the field of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Alzbeta Chabronova
- Department of Musculoskeletal Ageing Science, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L7 8TX, UK.
| | - Terri L Holmes
- Centre for Metabolic Health, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UQ, UK
| | - Duc M Hoang
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Chris Denning
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Victoria James
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - James G W Smith
- Centre for Metabolic Health, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UQ, UK
| | - Mandy J Peffers
- Department of Musculoskeletal Ageing Science, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L7 8TX, UK
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Lv J, Yanting W, Wei S. Regulatory roles of ACSL5 in the anti-tumor function of palmitic acid (C16:0) <em>via</em> the ERK signaling pathway. Eur J Histochem 2023; 67. [PMID: 37946526 DOI: 10.4081/ejh.2023.3867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have highlighted the susceptibility of cancer to perturbations in lipid metabolism. In particular, C16:0 has emerged as a promising novel treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma. In our study, we investigated the levels of C16:0 in the serum of non-small lung cancer patients were significant downregulation compared to healthy individuals (n=10; p<0.05). Moreover, our in vitro experiments using A549 cells demonstrated that C16:0 effectively inhibited proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion. Despite these promising results, its pathogenesis remains poorly understood. CCK-8 assay, annexin V-FITC/PI double staining assay, wound healing assay and transwell assay were performed to evaluate the effects of C16:0, on proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion of A549 cells. RNA sequencing was used to identify essential factors involved in C16:0-growth inhibition in lung cancer. Further, the expression levels of related gene and proteins were detected by quantitative RT-PCR and Western blotting. Mouse NSCLC subcutaneous xenograft tumor model was established, and gastric lavage was given with C16:0. Tumor volume assay and hematoxylin-eosin staining were used to detect tumor growth in vivo. Our analysis revealed a significant upregulation of ACSL5 and its associated proteins in C16:0-treated A549 cells compared to the control group both in vivo and in vitro. Moreover, the knockdown of ACSL5 reversed the anti-tumor effect, resulting in an increased rate of the malignant phenotype mentioned above. Additionally, the expression of phosphorylated ERK protein was significantly inhibited with increasing concentrations of C16:0 in A549 cells. These results reveal for the first time that C16:0, as a novel target, regulates ACLS5 through the ERK signaling pathway, to inhibit the proliferation and apoptosis and inhibits cell migration and invasion of NSCLC. These findings may lead to the development of a novel therapeutic approach for non-small lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiapei Lv
- The Affiliated People's Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang.
| | - Wang Yanting
- Ningbo Zhenhai People's Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang.
| | - Shan Wei
- The Affiliated People's Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang.
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3
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Xu R, Wang L, Hou J, Wang X, Wang Y, Wang K. Knowledge mapping and current trends of global research on snoRNA in the field of cancer. J Cancer 2023; 14:2596-2607. [PMID: 37779878 PMCID: PMC10539387 DOI: 10.7150/jca.87196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a major health hazard for humans. Recent studies have indicated the involvement of small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) in the occurrence and development of cancer and indicated its potential role as a diagnostic/prognostic marker and therapeutic target. The purpose of this study was to use the bibliometrics method to analyze the published literature on this subject. We collected articles pertaining to the field of snoRNA and cancer from the Web of Science Core Collection database. The data were analyzed to identify the research hotspots and frontiers. The number of articles in this field was low in the early period. Chu Liang and Montanaro Lorenzo were the most prolific authors on this subject, while Jiang and Feng were the most frequently cited authors. In China, three institutions published the most articles, namely Wuhan Univ, China Med Univ, and Guangxi Med Univ. The journal with the highest number of articles on this subject was Oncotarget. The country with the most published articles was China. Analysis of keywords and burst words indicated that early studies mainly focused on molecular mechanisms. Available evidence suggests the involvement of snoRNAs in the molecular mechanism of cancer development and their potential role as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runsen Xu
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Lina Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Junhui Hou
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Xia Wang
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Yibing Wang
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Kefeng Wang
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
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Radhakrishnan S, Martin CA, Rammohan A, Vij M, Chandrasekar M, Rela M. Significance of nucleologenesis, ribogenesis, and nucleolar proteome in the pathogenesis and recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 17:363-378. [PMID: 36919496 DOI: 10.1080/17474124.2023.2191189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Emerging evidence suggests that enhanced ribosome biogenesis, increased size, and quantitative distribution of nucleoli are associated with dysregulated transcription, which in turn drives a cell into aberrant cellular proliferation and malignancy. Nucleolar alterations have been considered a prognostic histological marker for aggressive tumors. More recently, advancements in the understanding of chromatin network (nucleoplasm viscosity) regulated liquid-liquid phase separation mechanism of nucleolus formation and their multifunctional role shed light on other regulatory processes, apart from ribosomal biogenesis of the nucleolus. AREAS COVERED Using hepatocellular carcinoma as a model to study the role of nucleoli in tumor progression, we review the potential of nucleolus coalescence in the onset and development of tumors through non-ribosomal biogenesis pathways, thereby providing new avenues for early diagnosis and cancer therapy. EXPERT OPINION Molecular-based classifications have failed to identify the nucleolar-based molecular targets that facilitate cell-cycle progression. However, the algorithm-based tumor risk identification with high-resolution medical images suggests prominent nucleoli, karyotheca, and increased nucleus/cytoplasm ratio as largely associated with tumor recurrence. Nonetheless, the role of the non-ribosomal functions of nucleoli in tumorigenesis remains elusive. This clearly indicates the lacunae in the study of the nucleolar proteins pertaining to cancer. [Figure: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ashwin Rammohan
- The Institute of Liver Disease & Transplantation, Dr. Rela Institute & Medical Centre, Chennai, India
| | - Mukul Vij
- Department of Pathology, Dr. Rela Institute & Medical Centre, Chennai, India
| | - Mani Chandrasekar
- Department of Oncology, Dr. Rela Institute & Medical Centre, Chennai, India
| | - Mohamed Rela
- Cell Laboratory, National Foundation for Liver Research, Chennai, India
- The Institute of Liver Disease & Transplantation, Dr. Rela Institute & Medical Centre, Chennai, India
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The emerging diagnostic and therapeutic roles of small nucleolar RNAs in lung diseases. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 161:114519. [PMID: 36906975 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) are non-coding RNA molecules that range from 60 to 300 nucleotides in length and are primarily located in the nucleoli of cells. They play a critical role in modifying ribosomal RNA and can also regulate alternative splicing and posttranscriptional modification of mRNA. Alterations in snoRNA expression can affect numerous cellular processes, including cell proliferation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, fibrosis, and inflammation, making them a promising target for diagnostics and treatment of various human pathologies. Recent evidence suggests that abnormal snoRNA expression is strongly associated with the development and progression of several lung diseases, such as lung cancer, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and pulmonary hypertension, as well as COVID-19. While few studies have shown a causal relationship between snoRNA expression and disease onset, this research field presents exciting opportunities for identifying new biomarkers and therapeutic targets in lung disease. This review discusses the emerging role and molecular mechanisms of snoRNAs in the pathogenesis of lung diseases, focusing on research opportunities, clinical studies, biomarkers, and therapeutic potential.
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Zhu J, Mao S, Zhen N, Zhu G, Bian Z, Xie Y, Tang X, Ding M, Wu H, Ma J, Zhu Y, Sun F, Pan Q. SNORA14A inhibits hepatoblastoma cell proliferation by regulating SDHB-mediated succinate metabolism. Cell Death Dis 2023; 9:36. [PMID: 36717552 PMCID: PMC9886955 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01325-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Hepatoblastoma (HB) is the most common paediatric liver malignancy. Dysregulation of small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) is a critical inducer of tumour initiation and progression. However, the association between snoRNAs and HB remains unknown. Here, we conducted snoRNA expression profiling in HB by snoRNA sequencing and identified a decreased level of SNORA14A, a box H/ACA snoRNA, in HB tissues. Low expression of SNORA14A was correlated with PRETEXT stage and metastasis in patients. Functionally, overexpression of SNORA14A suppressed HB cell proliferation and triggered cell apoptosis and G2/M phase arrest. Mechanistically, SNORA14A overexpression promoted the processing and maturation of the 18 S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) precursor to increase succinate dehydrogenase subunit B (SDHB) protein levels. In accordance with SNORA14A downregulation, SDHB protein expression was significantly reduced in HB tissues and cells, accompanied by abnormal accumulation of succinate. Overexpression of SDHB showed antiproliferative and proapoptotic effects and the capacity to induce G2/M phase arrest, while succinate dose-dependently stimulated HB cell growth. Furthermore, the inhibition of SNORA14A in HB malignant phenotypes was mediated by SDHB upregulation-induced reduction of cellular succinate levels. Therefore, the SNORA14A/18 S rRNA/SDHB axis suppresses HB progression by preventing cellular accumulation of the oncometabolite succinate and provides promising prognostic biomarkers and novel therapeutic targets for HB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiabei Zhu
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127 China ,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Molecular Diagnostics for Paediatrics, Shanghai, 200127 China
| | - Siwei Mao
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127 China ,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Molecular Diagnostics for Paediatrics, Shanghai, 200127 China
| | - Ni Zhen
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127 China
| | - Guoqing Zhu
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127 China
| | - Zhixuan Bian
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127 China
| | - Yi Xie
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127 China
| | - Xiaochen Tang
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127 China
| | - Miao Ding
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127 China
| | - Han Wu
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127 China
| | - Ji Ma
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127 China
| | - Yizhun Zhu
- grid.259384.10000 0000 8945 4455State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and School of Pharmacy, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, 999078 China
| | - Fenyong Sun
- grid.412538.90000 0004 0527 0050Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072 China
| | - Qiuhui Pan
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127 China ,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Molecular Diagnostics for Paediatrics, Shanghai, 200127 China ,grid.415626.20000 0004 4903 1529Sanya Women and Children’s Hospital Managed by Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, Sanya, 572000 China
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MiRNAs and snoRNAs in Bone Metastasis: Functional Roles and Clinical Potential. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 15:cancers15010242. [PMID: 36612237 PMCID: PMC9818347 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15010242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone is a frequent site of metastasis. Bone metastasis is associated with a short-term prognosis in cancer patients, and current treatments aim to slow its growth, but are rarely curative. Thus, revealing molecular mechanisms that explain why metastatic cells are attracted to the bone micro-environment, and how they successfully settle in the bone marrow-taking advantage over bone resident cells-and grow into macro-metastasis, is essential to propose new therapeutic approaches. MicroRNAs and snoRNAs are two classes of small non-coding RNAs that post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression. Recently, microRNAs and snoRNAs have been pointed out as important players in bone metastasis by (i) preparing the pre-metastatic niche, directly and indirectly affecting the activities of osteoclasts and osteoblasts, (ii) promoting metastatic properties within cancer cells, and (iii) acting as mediators within cells to support cancer cell growth in bone. This review aims to highlight the importance of microRNAs and snoRNAs in metastasis, specifically in bone, and how their roles can be linked together. We then discuss how microRNAs and snoRNAs are secreted by cancer cells and be found as extracellular vesicle cargo. Finally, we provide evidence of how microRNAs and snoRNAs can be potential therapeutic targets, at least in pre-clinical settings, and how their detection in liquid biopsies can be a useful diagnostic and/or prognostic biomarker to predict the risk of relapse in cancer patients.
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Song J, Zheng A, Li S, Zhang W, Zhang M, Li X, Jin F, Ji Z. Clinical significance and prognostic value of small nucleolar RNA SNORA38 in breast cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:930024. [PMID: 36158687 PMCID: PMC9500313 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.930024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundBreast cancer is the most common malignant tumor among women worldwide, and breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) are believed to be the source of tumorigenesis. New findings suggest that small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) play a significant role in tumor development.MethodsThe Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Kaplan–Meier survival analysis were used to demonstrate expression and survival of SNORA38 signature. In situ hybridization (ISH) and immunohistochemical (IHC) were conducted to analyze the correlation between SNORA38 and stemness biomarker in 77 BC samples. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) was performed to investigate the mechanisms related to SNORA38 expression in BC. Real-time qPCR was employed to evaluate the expression of SNORA38 in breast cancer cell lines.ResultsIn the public database and patients’ biopsies, SNORA38 was significantly up-regulated in breast cancer. Furthermore, the expression of SNORA38 was significantly correlated with tumor size, lymph node metastasis, and TNM stage, among which tumor size was an independent factor for SNORA38 expression. Higher SNORA38 expression was associated with shorter overall survival (OS). Meanwhile, SNORA38 was positively associated with the stem cell marker OCT-4, which suggested that SNORA38 might be related to breast cancer stemness.ConclusionsSNORA38 is an important carcinogenic snoRNA in breast cancer and might be a prognostic biomarker for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Song
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ang Zheng
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shan Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Wenrong Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Meilin Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xingzhe Li
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Feng Jin
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- *Correspondence: Feng Jin, ; Ziyao Ji,
| | - Ziyao Ji
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- *Correspondence: Feng Jin, ; Ziyao Ji,
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Small Nucleolar RNAs and Their Comprehensive Biological Functions in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cells 2022; 11:cells11172654. [PMID: 36078062 PMCID: PMC9454744 DOI: 10.3390/cells11172654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) are a class of highly conserved, stable non-coding RNAs involved in both post-transcriptional modification of RNA and in ribosome biogenesis. Recent research shows that the dysfunction of snoRNAs plays a pivotal role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and related etiologies, such as hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Growing evidence suggests that snoRNAs act as oncogenes or tumor suppressors in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) through multiple mechanisms. Furthermore, snoRNAs are characterized by their stability in body fluids and their clinical relevance and represent promising tools as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. SnoRNAs represent an emerging area of cancer research. In this review, we summarize the classification, biogenesis, activity, and functions of snoRNAs, as well as highlight the mechanism and roles of snoRNAs in HCC and related diseases. Our findings will aid in the understanding of complex processes of tumor occurrence and development, as well as suggest potential diagnostic markers and treatment targets. Furthermore, we discuss several limitations and suggest future research and application directions.
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Zeng H, Pan J, Hu C, Yang J, Li J, Tan T, Zheng M, Shen Y, Yang T, Deng Y, Zou Y. SNHG25 facilitates SNORA50C accumulation to stabilize HDAC1 in neuroblastoma cells. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:597. [PMID: 35821006 PMCID: PMC9276775 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-05040-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Increasing studies have pointed out that small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) and their host genes (SNHGs) have multi-functional roles in cancer progression. Bioinformatics analysis revealed the importance of snoRNA host gene 25 (SNHG25) in neuroblastoma (NB). Hence, we further explored the function and molecular mechanism of SNHG25 in NB. Our study revealed that SNHG25 expression was upregulated in NB cells. Through loss-of-function assays, we discovered that silencing of SNHG25 suppressed NB cell proliferation, invasion, and migration. Moreover, we found that SNHG25 positively regulated snoRNA small nucleolar RNA, H/ACA box 50 C (SNORA50C) in NB cells, and SNORA50C depletion had the same function as SNHG25 silencing in NB cells. Moreover, we proved that SNHG25 recruited dyskerin pseudouridine synthase 1 (DKC1) to facilitate SNORA50C accumulation and associated small nucleolar ribonucleoprotein (snoRNP) assembly. In addition, it was manifested that SNHG25 relied on SNORA50C to inhibit ubiquitination of histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1), thereby elevating HDAC1 expression in NB cells. Further, HDAC1 was proven to be a tumor-facilitator in NB, and SNORA50C contributed to NB cell growth and migration through the HDAC1-mediated pathway. In vivo xenograft experiments further supported that SNHG25 promoted NB progression through SNORA50C/HDAC1 pathway. Our study might provide a novel sight for NB treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijuan Zeng
- grid.410737.60000 0000 8653 1072Department of Pediatric Surgery, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623 Guangdong China ,grid.410737.60000 0000 8653 1072Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research in Structural Birth Defect Disease; Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623 Guangdong China
| | - Jing Pan
- grid.410737.60000 0000 8653 1072Department of Pediatric Surgery, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623 Guangdong China ,grid.410737.60000 0000 8653 1072Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research in Structural Birth Defect Disease; Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623 Guangdong China
| | - Chao Hu
- grid.410737.60000 0000 8653 1072Department of Pediatric Surgery, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623 Guangdong China
| | - Jiliang Yang
- grid.410737.60000 0000 8653 1072Department of Pediatric Surgery, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623 Guangdong China
| | - Jiahao Li
- grid.410737.60000 0000 8653 1072Department of Pediatric Surgery, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623 Guangdong China
| | - Tianbao Tan
- grid.410737.60000 0000 8653 1072Department of Pediatric Surgery, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623 Guangdong China
| | - Manna Zheng
- grid.410737.60000 0000 8653 1072Department of Pediatric Surgery, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623 Guangdong China
| | - Yuanchao Shen
- grid.410737.60000 0000 8653 1072Department of Pediatric Surgery, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623 Guangdong China
| | - Tianyou Yang
- grid.410737.60000 0000 8653 1072Department of Pediatric Surgery, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623 Guangdong China
| | - Yun Deng
- grid.452859.70000 0004 6006 3273Department of Oncology, The fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 519000 Zhuhai China
| | - Yan Zou
- grid.410737.60000 0000 8653 1072Department of Pediatric Surgery, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623 Guangdong China
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11
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snoRNAs: functions and mechanisms in biological processes, and roles in tumor pathophysiology. Cell Death Dis 2022; 8:259. [PMID: 35552378 PMCID: PMC9098889 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-022-01056-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs), a type of non-coding RNA, are widely present in the nucleoli of eukaryotic cells and play an important role in rRNA modification. With the recent increase in research on snoRNAs, new evidence has emerged indicating that snoRNAs also participate in tRNA and mRNA modification. Studies suggest that numerous snoRNAs, including tumor-promoting and tumor-suppressing snoRNAs, are not only dysregulated in tumors but also show associations with clinical prognosis. In this review, we summarize the reported functions of snoRNAs and the possible mechanisms underlying their role in tumorigenesis and cancer development to guide the snoRNA-based clinical diagnosis and treatment of cancer in the future.
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12
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Wu F, Zhang L, Wu P, Wu Y, Zhang T, Zhang D, Tian J. The Potential Role of Small Nucleolar RNAs in Cancers – An Evidence Map. Int J Gen Med 2022; 15:3851-3864. [PMID: 35431571 PMCID: PMC9005336 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s352333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Cancer seriously endangers human health in every country of the world. New evidence shows that small nucleolar RNAs play important roles in tumorigenesis. Herein, we created this evidence map to systematically assess the impact of dysregulated snoRNAs on cancers. Methods We searched four databases to February 2022 using the keywords, “carcinoma”, “neoplasms”, “tumor”, “cancer”, “snoRNA”, and “small nucleolar rna”. The research data were independently screened by two reviewers. Bubble plot, mind map, heatmap were used to depict the relationship between snoRNAs and cancers. Results In total, 102 studies met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed in this evidence map. In this study, we found that dysregulated snoRNAs were statistically associated with the clinicopathological characteristics of cancer patients, and affected tumor cell phenotypes. Abnormally expressed snoRNAs were associated with poor survival in cancer patients. Current research confirmed that snoRNAs have good diagnostic efficiency for cancers. snoRNAs could modulate biological processes and signaling pathways of different cancer cells by altering rRNA, regulating mRNA, and recruiting protein factors. Conclusion Taken all together, ectopic snoRNAs may serve as new biomarkers for clinical assessment, diagnostic, prognostic prediction of cancer patients, and provide a potential therapeutic strategy for cancer treatment. This article provided a visual analysis of existing evidence on snoRNAs and cancers, which can offer useful information for different researchers interested in snoRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanqi Wu
- Department of Respiratory, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Longguo Zhang
- The Second Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Pingfan Wu
- Department of Pathology, The 940th Hospital of the Joint Logistic Support of the People’s Liberation Army, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi Wu
- The Second Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dekui Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Dekui Zhang; Jinhui Tian, Tel +86 139 1978 8616; +86 136 1934 2312, Email ;
| | - Jinhui Tian
- Evidence-Based Medicine Center, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, People’s Republic of China
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Hu T, Lu C, Xia Y, Wu L, Song J, Chen C, Wang Q. Small nucleolar RNA SNORA71A promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition by maintaining ROCK2 mRNA stability in breast cancer. Mol Oncol 2022; 16:1947-1965. [PMID: 35100495 PMCID: PMC9067147 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis is the primary reason of death in patients with cancer. Small nucleolar noncoding RNAs (snoRNAs) are conserved 60–300 nucleotide noncoding RNAs, involved in post‐transcriptional regulation of mRNAs and noncoding RNAs. Despite their essential roles in cancer, the roles of snoRNAs in epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT)‐induced metastasis have not been studied extensively. Here, we used small RNA sequencing to screen for snoRNAs related to EMT and breast cancer metastasis. We found a higher expression of SNORA71A in metastatic breast cancer tissues compared to nonmetastatic samples. Additionally, SNORA71A promoted the proliferation, migration, invasion and EMT of MCF‐7 and MDA‐MB‐231 cells. Mechanistically, SNORA71A elevated mRNA and protein levels of ROCK2, a negative regulator of TGF‐β signaling. Rescue assays showed ROCK2 abrogated the SNORA71A‐mediated increase in proliferation, migration, invasion and EMT. Binding of SNORA71A to mRNA stability regulatory protein G3BP1, increased ROCK2 mRNA half‐life. Furthermore, G3BP1 depletion abolished the SNORA71A‐mediated upregulation of ROCK2. In vivo, SNORA71A overexpression promoted breast tumor growth, and SNORA71A knockdown inhibited breast cancer growth and metastasis. We suggest SNORA71A enhances metastasis of breast cancer by binding to G3BP1 and stabilizing ROCK2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Hu
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Chong Lu
- Department of thyroid and breast surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Yun Xia
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Lu Wu
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Junlong Song
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, No 238 Jiefang Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, PR China
| | - Chuang Chen
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, No 238 Jiefang Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, PR China
| | - Qiong Wang
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
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Karimpour M, Ravanbakhsh R, Maydanchi M, Rajabi A, Azizi F, Saber A. Cancer driver gene and non-coding RNA alterations as biomarkers of brain metastasis in lung cancer: A review of the literature. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 143:112190. [PMID: 34560543 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain metastasis (BM) is the most common event in patients with lung cancer. Despite multimodal treatments and advances in systemic therapies, development of BM remains one of the main factors associated with poor prognosis and mortality in patients with lung cancer. Therefore, better understanding of mechanisms involved in lung cancer brain metastasis (LCBM) is of great importance to suppress cancer cells and to improve the overall survival of patients. Several cancer-related genes such as EGFR and KRAS have been proposed as potential predictors of LCBM. In addition, there is ample evidence supporting crucial roles of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in mediating LCBM. In this review, we provide comprehensive information on risk assessment, predictive, and prognostic panels for early detection of BM in patients with lung cancer. Moreover, we present an overview of LCBM molecular mechanisms, cancer driver genes, and ncRNAs which may predict the risk of BM in lung cancer patients. Recent clinical studies have focused on determining mechanisms involved in LCBM and their association with diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment outcomes. These studies have shown that alterations in EGFR, KRAS, BRAF, and ALK, as the most frequent coding gene alterations, and dysregulation of ncRNAs such as miR-423, miR-330-3p, miR-145, piR-651, and MALAT1 can be considered as potential biomarkers of LCBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Karimpour
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reyhaneh Ravanbakhsh
- Department of Aquatic Biotechnology, Artemia and Aquaculture Research Institute, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Melika Maydanchi
- Zimagene Medical Genetics Laboratory, Avicenna St., Hamedan, Iran
| | - Ali Rajabi
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Faezeh Azizi
- Genetics Office, Non-Communicable Disease Control Department, Public Health Department, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Saber
- Zimagene Medical Genetics Laboratory, Avicenna St., Hamedan, Iran.
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15
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Son HE, Jang WG. Cip2A modulates osteogenic differentiation via the ERK-Runx2 pathway in MG63 cells. Biofactors 2021; 47:658-664. [PMID: 34077593 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Cancerous inhibitor of protein phosphatase 2A (Cip2A) is an oncoprotein that promotes the development of several types of cancer. However, its molecular function in osteoblast differentiation remains unclear. In this study, we found that Cip2A was upregulated under osteogenic conditions in MG63 cells. Besides, overexpression of Cip2A significantly increased the expression of Runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). Inversely, the knockdown of Cip2A in MG63 cells suppressed osteoblast differentiation. Cip2A expression during osteogenic differentiation was mediated by extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) activation. Taken together, our results suggest that Cip2A plays important role in regulating osteoblast differentiation by inducing ERK phosphorylation in MG63 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo-Eun Son
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering, Daegu University, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Anti-Aging, Daegu University, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Gu Jang
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering, Daegu University, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Anti-Aging, Daegu University, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea
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16
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Yu H, Tian L, Yang L, Liu S, Wang S, Gong J. Knockdown of SNORA47 Inhibits the Tumorigenesis of NSCLC via Mediation of PI3K/Akt Signaling Pathway. Front Oncol 2021; 11:620213. [PMID: 33816250 PMCID: PMC8017274 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.620213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a frequently diagnosed aggressive cancer all over the world. Small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) are a group of non-coding mediatory RNAs. A previous report indicated that small nucleolar RNA 47 (SNORA47) is upregulated in NSCLC. However, the role of SNORA47 in NSCLC is unclear. Material and Methods Cell proliferation was measured by immunofluorescence staining. Cell apoptosis and cycle of NSCLC were tested by flow cytometry and the protein expressions were investigated by Western-blot. Meanwhile, cell migration and invasion were detected by transwell assay. Xenograft mice model was established to detect the effect of SNORA47 knockdown on tumor growth of NSLC in vivo. Results Knockdown of SNORA47 significantly inhibited the proliferation of NSCLC cells via inducing cell apoptosis. Moreover, migration and invasion of NSCLC cells were notably decreased by SNORA47 shRNA. SNORA47 knockdown significantly induced G1 arrest in NSCLC cells via regulation of p27 Kip1, CDK2, and cyclin D1. Meanwhile, SNORA47 shRNA inhibited EMT process and PI3K/Akt signaling in NSCLC cells. Finally, silencing of SNORA47 significantly inhibited the tumor growth of NSCLC in vivo. Conclusion Knockdown of SNORA47 significantly inhibited the tumorigenesis of NSCLC via inhibition of PI3K/Akt signaling and EMT process. Thereby, our finding might shed a new light on exploring the strategies for the treatment of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiqing Yu
- Department of Palliative Medicine, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Ling Tian
- Department of Palliative Medicine, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Liejun Yang
- Department of Palliative Medicine, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Shihong Liu
- Department of Palliative Medicine, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Sixiong Wang
- Department of Palliative Medicine, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Juan Gong
- Department of Palliative Medicine, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
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He S, Zhang M, Ye Y, Song Y, Ma X, Wang G, Zhuang J, Xia W, Zhao B. GINS2 affects cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion in thyroid cancer via regulating MAPK signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep 2021; 23:246. [PMID: 33537829 PMCID: PMC7893785 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.11885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Globally, thyroid cancer (TC) is considered to be the commonest endocrine malignancy. GINS complex subunit 2 (GINS2) belongs to the GINS complex family and is associated with cellular migration, invasion and growth. The present study aimed to investigate the underlying mechanisms of GINS2 on cell viability, migration and invasion in TC cells. By using MTT, wound healing and Transwell assays, the cell viability, migration and invasion were determined. Apoptosis was examined by immunofluorescence. Western blotting was used to detect protein expression levels. In the present study, biological function analysis demonstrated that GINS2 interference attenuated cell viability, migration and invasion in TC cell lines (K1 and SW579). It was discovered that, compared with the control group, GINS2 silencing induced apoptosis in TC cells. Additionally, GINS2 interference inhibited key proteins in the MAPK signaling pathway, including JNK, ERK and p38. According to these comparative experiments, GINS2 was considered to act a pivotal part in cell viability, migration and invasion of TC by regulating the MAPK signaling pathway and might be a potential therapeutic target for treating TC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saifei He
- Central Laboratory, Seventh People's Hospital of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200137, P.R. China
| | - Miao Zhang
- Central Laboratory, Seventh People's Hospital of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200137, P.R. China
| | - Ying Ye
- Central Laboratory, Seventh People's Hospital of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200137, P.R. China
| | - Yanan Song
- Central Laboratory, Seventh People's Hospital of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200137, P.R. China
| | - Xing Ma
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seventh People's Hospital of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200137, P.R. China
| | - Guoyu Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seventh People's Hospital of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200137, P.R. China
| | - Juhua Zhuang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seventh People's Hospital of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200137, P.R. China
| | - Wei Xia
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seventh People's Hospital of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200137, P.R. China
| | - Bin Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Seventh People's Hospital of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200137, P.R. China
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Shang X, Song X, Wang K, Yu M, Ding S, Dong X, Xie L, Song X. SNORD63 and SNORD96A as the non-invasive diagnostic biomarkers for clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:56. [PMID: 33461545 PMCID: PMC7812721 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-020-01744-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Increasing evidence has demonstrated that snoRNAs play crucial roles in tumorigenesis of various cancer types. However, researches on snoRNAs in ccRCC were very little. This study mainly aimed to validate the differential expression and the potential diagnostic value of SNORD63 and SNORD96A in ccRCC. Methods SnoRNAs expression was downloaded from the SNORic and TCGA database including 516 patients with ccRCC and 71 control cases. SNORD63 and SNORD96A expression were further detected in 54 tumor and adjacent FFPE ccRCC tissues, 55 plasma and 75 urinary sediment of ccRCC patients. Then, differential expression and diagnostic value of SNORD63 and SNORD96A were further calculated. Results SNORD63 and SNORD96A expression were significantly increased in ccRCC tissues compared with normal tissues from the TCGA database (both, P < 0.0001). In addition, we found that SNORD63 and SNORD96A localized in plasma and US stably after treating with RNase A. Meanwhile, SNORD63 and SNORD96A in FFPE and US were elevated in ccRCC patients (all, P < 0.0001). However, plasma SNORD63 expression had no significance while SNORD96A significantly increased in plasma of ccRCC patients. Notably, the AUC of SNORD63 in US was 0.7055, by comparison the AUC of plasma SNORD63 was only 0.5161. However, the AUC of plasma SNORD96A was up to 0.8909, by comparison the AUC of SNORD96A in US was 0.6788. Interestingly, the AUC of plasma SNORD96A in early stage ccRCC was highly up to 0.9359. Conclusions Our findings revealed that SNORD63 in US and SNORD96A in plasma could act as the promising non-invasive diagnostic biomarkers for ccRCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Shang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, 440 Ji-Yan Road, Jinan, 250117, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingguo Song
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, 440 Ji-Yan Road, Jinan, 250117, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Kangyu Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, 440 Ji-Yan Road, Jinan, 250117, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Miao Yu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, 440 Ji-Yan Road, Jinan, 250117, Shandong, People's Republic of China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Third Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250031, China
| | - Shanshan Ding
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, 440 Ji-Yan Road, Jinan, 250117, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohan Dong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, 440 Ji-Yan Road, Jinan, 250117, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Xie
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, 440 Ji-Yan Road, Jinan, 250117, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianrang Song
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, 440 Ji-Yan Road, Jinan, 250117, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
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SNORA71A Promotes Colorectal Cancer Cell Proliferation, Migration, and Invasion. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:8284576. [PMID: 33083486 PMCID: PMC7559222 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8284576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) play a crucial role during colorectal cancer (CRC) development. The study of SNORA71A is few, and its role in CRC is unknown. This study focused on screening abnormal snoRNAs in CRC and exploring the role of key snoRNA in CRC. The expression pattern of snoRNAs in 3 CRC and 3 normal colon tissues was detected via small RNA sequencing. The six candidate snoRNAs were identified by quantitative PCR (qPCR). Subsequently, the expression level of SNORA71A was further verified through the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data analysis and qPCR. The CCK8 and transwell assays were used to detect the functional role of SNORA71A in CRC cells. The integrated analysis of snoRNA expression profile indicated that a total 107 snoRNAs were significantly differentially expressed (DE) in CRC tissues compared with normal tissues, including 45 upregulated and 62 downregulated snoRNAs. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that the DE snoRNAs were mainly implicated in "detection of chemical stimulus involved in sensory perception of smell" and "sensory perception of smell" in the biological process. The DE snoRNAs were preferentially enriched in "olfactory transduction" and "glycosphingolipid biosynthesis-ganglio series pathway." The expression of SNORA71A was upregulated in CRC tissues and cells. SNORA71A expression showed statistically significant correlations with TNM stage (P = 0.0196) and lymph node metastasis (P = 0.0189) and can serve as biomarkers for CRC. Importantly, SNORA71A significantly facilitated the CRC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Our findings indicate that SNORA71A screened by sequencing acted as an oncogene and promoted proliferation, migration, and invasion ability of CRC cells.
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20
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Identification of snoRNA SNORA71A as a Novel Biomarker in Prognosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. DISEASE MARKERS 2020; 2020:8879944. [PMID: 33062075 PMCID: PMC7537701 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8879944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Background Small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) have been proved to play important roles in various cellular physiological process. Recently, dysregulation of snoRNA SNORA71A has been found involved in tumorigenesis of various malignant cancers. However, the emerging effects of SNORA71A in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain largely unclear. In this study, we aimed to explore the SNORA71A expression and its underlying significance in HCC. Methods Expression of SNORA71A in cell lines and clinical specimens was measured by quantitative real-time PCR. Then, all enrolled HCC patients were divided into low and high SNORA71A expression subgroups and then they were compared in the aspects of clinical features as well as survival outcome by respective statistical analysis methods. Results SNORA71A was significantly downexpressed in SK-HEP-1 (P = 0.001), Huh-7 (P < 0.001), Hep3B (P < 0.001), and clinical HCC specimens (P = 0.006). Comparing the clinical features between SNORA71A expression subgroups, it showed that low SNORA71A expression was significantly associated with large tumor diameter, multiple lesions, capsular invasion, bad tumor differentiation, and TNM stage (P < 0.05). Furthermore, it was found that HCC patients with lower SNORA71A expression had higher risk in postoperative tumor relapse (median time: 9.5 vs. 35.2 months; low vs. high; P < 0.001) and poor overall survival (median time: 36.8 vs. 52.9 months; low vs. high; P < 0.001). Besides, SNORA71A expression served as independent risk factors for tumor-free (HR = 0.450; 95% CI [0.263-0.770]; P = 0.004) and long-term survival (HR = 0.289; 95% CI [0.127-0.657]; P = 0.003). Conclusions Our study for the first time demonstrated that downregulation of SNORA71A could serve as a novel biomarker for clinical assessment and prognostic prediction of HCC patients.
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snoRNAs Offer Novel Insight and Promising Perspectives for Lung Cancer Understanding and Management. Cells 2020; 9:cells9030541. [PMID: 32111002 PMCID: PMC7140444 DOI: 10.3390/cells9030541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) are non-coding RNAs localized in the nucleolus, where they participate in the cleavage and chemical modification of ribosomal RNAs. Their biogenesis and molecular functions have been extensively studied since their identification in the 1960s. However, their role in cancer has only recently started to emerge. In lung cancer, efforts to profile snoRNA expression have enabled the definition of snoRNA-related signatures, not only in tissues but also in biological fluids, exposing these small RNAs as potential non-invasive biomarkers. Moreover, snoRNAs appear to be essential actors of lung cancer onset and dissemination. They affect diverse cellular functions, from regulation of the cell proliferation/death balance to promotion of cancer cell plasticity. snoRNAs display both oncogenic and tumor suppressive activities that are pivotal in lung cancer tumorigenesis and progression. Altogether, we review how further insight into snoRNAs may improve our understanding of basic lung cancer biology and the development of innovative diagnostic tools and therapies.
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22
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Shuwen H, Xi Y, Quan Q, Yin J, Miao D. Can small nucleolar RNA be a novel molecular target for hepatocellular carcinoma? Gene 2020; 733:144384. [PMID: 31978508 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2020.144384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Globally, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third leading cause of cancer-related death. Recently, many studies have demonstrated that small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA) was closely related to HCC. OBJECTIVE To explore whether snoRNA can be used as a molecular target for HCC. METHODS The PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases were searched for the published literatures related to snoRNA and HCC until August 12, 2019. After identification, screening, and verification, this study finally included 26 studies correlating small nucleolar RNA host gene (SNHG) and HCC, and 8 studies correlating snoRNA and HCC. Based on the collation of the relevant literature, the correlation network diagram between snoRNAs and HCC was constructed. RESULTS The SNHGs, such as SNHG1, SNHG6, SNHG16, and SNHG20 can play varied roles in HCC through different regulatory mechanisms. These SNHGs can promote and inhibit tumorigenesis. SNORD76 can promote the proliferation of tumor tissues and cells in vitro through different pathways. SnoU2_19 and SNORD76 can function through the same pathway. SNHG3, SNHG20, SNHG6, SNORD76, and snoRA47 can modulate epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) to regulate the development of HCC cell or tissue. SNHG16, SNORD76, and SnoU2_19 can regulate the development of HCC through Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. CONCLUSION snoRNA can regulate the occurrence of HCC by modulating multiple molecular signaling pathways. Hence, snoRNA can be a potential molecular target for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Shuwen
- Department of Oncology, Huzhou Cent Hosp, Affiliated Cent Hops HuZhou University, 198 Hongqi Rd, Huzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Yang Xi
- Department of Intervention and Radiotherapy, Huzhou Central Hospital, No. 198 Hongqi Road, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province 313000, PR China
| | - Qi Quan
- Department of Oncology, Huzhou Central Hospital, No. 198 Hongqi Road, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province 313000, PR China
| | - Jin Yin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Huzhou Central Hospital, No. 198 Hongqi Road, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province 313000, PR China
| | - Da Miao
- Department of Nursing, Huzhou Third Municipal Hospital, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, PR China.
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