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Sisubalan N, Sivamaruthi BS, Kesika P, Chaiyasut C. Addressing health inequities in Southeast Asia: challenges and opportunities. THE LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH. SOUTHEAST ASIA 2024; 28:100455. [PMID: 39188634 PMCID: PMC11345301 DOI: 10.1016/j.lansea.2024.100455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Natarajan Sisubalan
- Office of Research Administration, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Innovation Center for Holistic Health, Nutraceuticals, and Cosmeceuticals, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Bhagavathi Sundaram Sivamaruthi
- Office of Research Administration, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Innovation Center for Holistic Health, Nutraceuticals, and Cosmeceuticals, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Periyanaina Kesika
- Office of Research Administration, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Innovation Center for Holistic Health, Nutraceuticals, and Cosmeceuticals, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Chaiyavat Chaiyasut
- Innovation Center for Holistic Health, Nutraceuticals, and Cosmeceuticals, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
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EL HAJI H, SBIHI N, GUERMAH B, SOUADKA A, GHOGHO M. Epidemiological breast cancer prediction by country: A novel machine learning approach. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0308905. [PMID: 39141659 PMCID: PMC11324133 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0308905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/27/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer remains a significant contributor to cancer-related deaths among women globally. We seek for this study to examine the correlation between the incidence rates of breast cancer and newly identified risk factors. Additionally, we aim to utilize machine learning models to predict breast cancer incidence at a country level. Following an extensive review of the available literature, we have identified a range of recently studied risk factors associated with breast cancer. Subsequently, we gathered data on these factors and breast cancer incidence rates from numerous online sources encompassing 151 countries. To evaluate the relationship between these factors and breast cancer incidence, we assessed the normality of the data and conducted Spearman's correlation test. Furthermore, we refined six regression models to forecast future breast cancer incidence rates. Our findings indicate that the incidence of breast cancer is most positively correlated with the average age of women in a country, as well as factors such as meat consumption, CO2 emissions, depression, sugar consumption, tobacco use, milk intake, mobile cells, alcohol consumption, pesticides, and oral contraceptive use. As for prediction, the CatBoost Regressor successfully predicted future breast cancer incidence with an R squared value of 0.84 ± 0.03. An increased incidence of breast cancer is mainly associated with dietary habits and lifestyle. Our findings and recommendations can serve as a baseline for developing educational programs intended to heighten awareness amongst women in countries with heightened risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasna EL HAJI
- TICLab, International University of Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Nada SBIHI
- TICLab, International University of Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Bassma GUERMAH
- TICLab, International University of Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Amine SOUADKA
- Surgical Oncology Department, National Institute of Oncology, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Mounir GHOGHO
- TICLab, International University of Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
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Alamri AM, AlWadai HH, Almowallad SM, AlKulayb SM, Abdalwahab ZE, Alzahuf SM, Alshaiban SH. The Pathological Pattern of Breast Cancer in the Najran Region of Saudi Arabia: A Retrospective Study. Cureus 2024; 16:e67621. [PMID: 39185299 PMCID: PMC11344371 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.67621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Breast cancer (BC) is the most widespread cancer on a global scale, and its prevalence is likewise significant in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Nevertheless, the data accessible regarding the epidemiology and histopathological characteristics of BC in clinical practice is restricted and primarily confined to research endeavors. Aim This study aims to investigate the histopathological profile of women diagnosed with BC seeking treatment at King Khalid Hospital in the Najran region of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Methods In this retrospective study, BC biopsies performed on Saudi patients at King Khalid Hospital between January 2018 and December 2022 were examined. All records of breast biopsies from this timeframe were extracted from the hospital's histopathology laboratory computer database after written permission from the head of the laboratory department. For all neoplastic lesions, the World Health Organization's 2012 categorization of breast tumors was applied. Results A total of 61 women with BC were included. Women's age ranged from 30 to 89 years, with a mean age of 49.6 ± 12.3 years. The most reported BC was invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC; 70.5%). Other types reported included invasive papillary carcinoma (8.2%), ductal carcinoma in situ (4.9%), and invasive lobular carcinoma (3.3%). A total of 14 (23%) of the study women had multifocal cancer. Ki-67 was high in 19 cases (31.1%); six (9.8%) had BRCA1 mutations, and six (9.8%) had BRCA2 mutations. Conclusion The current study revealed that BC was frequent among young females, mainly IDC, which was reported on both sides at different sizes and grades. Breast lump was the most commonly presented symptom and had a high representation in women with hormonal receptors, mainly estrogen receptors, but positive genetic testing was infrequent.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hajar H AlWadai
- Surgery, College of Medicine, Najran University, Najran, SAU
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Turnbull M, Yu C, Tay D. "We Need to Go Back Home (to) the Philippines Healthy": An Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis of Migrant Domestic Workers' Experiences of Having Breast Cancer in Hong Kong. QUALITATIVE HEALTH RESEARCH 2024; 34:865-877. [PMID: 38311814 PMCID: PMC11323434 DOI: 10.1177/10497323241228789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
Diagnoses of breast cancer are continuing to increase in the Philippines, but little is known about incidence rates among the significant number of Filipino women working abroad as migrant domestic workers (MDWs). These women are often the main income providers for their families, and their ability to work depends upon their physical health and strength. In this article, we use interpretive phenomenological analysis to explore the experiences of 10 MDWs from the Philippines who were diagnosed with breast cancer during a period of employment in Hong Kong. Analysis of these narratives revealed numerous points at which their status as temporary, transnational migrant workers intersected with their experiences of breast cancer detection, diagnosis, and treatment. We argue that these women's experiences of breast cancer were shaped by the structures of migration that link the Philippines with host destinations like Hong Kong. These structures create a unique context in which these women had to constantly renegotiate their identities as migrants, financial providers, and breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margo Turnbull
- Department of English and Communication, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Carol Yu
- Department of English and Communication, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Dennis Tay
- Department of English and Communication, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
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Inchai P, Tsai WC, Chiu LT, Kung PT. Cancer stages and mortality risk of breast cancer between women with and without disabilities: A national population-based cohort study in Taiwan. Disabil Health J 2024; 17:101632. [PMID: 38658214 DOI: 10.1016/j.dhjo.2024.101632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The second-most common cause of cancer-related death for women worldwide is breast cancer. However, there is little information about breast cancer among women with disabilities in Taiwan. OBJECTIVES This study investigated differences between women with and without disabilities regarding breast cancer stages and evaluated the probability of developing an advanced stage and the mortality risk of breast cancer. METHODS This study conducted a nationwide retrospective cohort study using the National Health Insurance Research Database and other nationwide databases. Our participants were newly diagnosed breast cancer patients, including women with and without disabilities, between 2004 and 2010. We matched both of them with propensity score matching methods (1:5), and all were followed up until the end of 2016. RESULTS This study included 50,683 participants with breast cancer. After matching, women with disabilities who did not receive breast cancer screening had a more significant proportion of advanced-stage breast cancer (19.95 %) than those without disabilities who did not receive breast cancer screening (16.87 %). After adjusting for related variables, women with disabilities were 1.27 times more likely to have advanced-stage breast cancer than those without disabilities. Additionally, after suffering from breast cancer, individuals with disabilities had a 1.23 times greater mortality risk compared to those without disabilities. CONCLUSIONS Although cancer stages were controlled, women with disabilities still had a higher mortality risk of breast cancer. Hence, policymakers should pay more attention to women with disabilities to treat them at an early stage, which can reduce the mortality risk attributable to advanced stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puchong Inchai
- Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Wen-Chen Tsai
- Department of Health Services Administration, College of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Li-Ting Chiu
- Department of Health Services Administration, College of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Tseng Kung
- Department of Healthcare Administration, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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Chen S, Tse K, Lu Y, Chen S, Tian Y, Tan KT, Li C. Comprehensive genomic profiling and therapeutic implications for Taiwanese patients with treatment-naïve breast cancer. Cancer Med 2024; 13:e7384. [PMID: 38895905 PMCID: PMC11187859 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.7384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease categorized based on molecular characteristics, including hormone receptor (HR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) expression levels. The emergence of profiling technology has revealed multiple driver genomic alterations within each breast cancer subtype, serving as biomarkers to predict treatment outcomes. This study aimed to explore the genomic landscape of breast cancer in the Taiwanese population through comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) and identify diagnostic and predictive biomarkers. METHODS Targeted next-generation sequencing-based CGP was performed on 116 archived Taiwanese breast cancer specimens, assessing genomic alterations (GAs), including single nucleotide variants, copy number variants, fusion genes, tumor mutation burden (TMB), and microsatellite instability (MSI) status. Predictive variants for FDA-approved therapies were evaluated within each subtype. RESULTS In the cohort, frequent mutations included PIK3CA (39.7%), TP53 (36.2%), KMT2C (9.5%), GATA3 (8.6%), and SF3B1 (6.9%). All subtypes had low TMB, with no MSI-H tumors. Among HR + HER2- patients, 42% (27/65) harbored activating PIK3CA mutations, implying potential sensitivity to PI3K inhibitors and resistance to endocrine therapies. HR + HER2- patients exhibited intrinsic hormonal resistance via FGFR1 gene gain/amplification (15%), exclusive of PI3K/AKT pathway alterations. Aberrations in the PI3K/AKT/mTOR and FGFR pathways were implicated in chemoresistance, with a 52.9% involvement in triple-negative breast cancer. In HER2+ tumors, 50% harbored GAs potentially conferring resistance to anti-HER2 therapies, including PIK3CA mutations (32%), MAP3K1 (2.9%), NF1 (2.9%), and copy number gain/amplification of FGFR1 (18%), FGFR3 (2.9%), EGFR (2.9%), and AKT2 (2.9%). CONCLUSION This study presents CGP findings for treatment-naïve Taiwanese breast cancer, emphasizing its value in routine breast cancer management, disease classification, and treatment selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shang‐Hung Chen
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research InstitutesTainanTaiwan
- Department of OncologyNational Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung UniversityTainanTaiwan
| | | | | | | | - Yu‐Feng Tian
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of SurgeryChi Mei Medical CenterTainanTaiwan
- Department of Health and NutritionChia‐Nan University of Pharmacy and ScienceTainanTaiwan
| | - Kien Thiam Tan
- ACT Genomics, Co. Ltd.TaipeiTaiwan
- Anbogen Therapeutics, Inc.TaipeiTaiwan
| | - Chien‐Feng Li
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research InstitutesTainanTaiwan
- Department of Medical ResearchChi Mei Medical CenterTainanTaiwan
- Institute of Precision MedicineNational Sun Yat‐Sen UniversityKaohsiungTaiwan
- Department of Clinical Pathology and Laboratory MedicineChi Mei Medical CenterTainanTaiwan
- Trans‐omic Laboratory for Precision MedicineChi Mei Medical CenterTainanTaiwan
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Park KH, Loibl S, Sohn J, Park YH, Jiang Z, Tadjoedin H, Nag S, Saji S, Md Yusof M, Villegas EMB, Lim EH, Lu YS, Ithimakin S, Tseng LM, Dejthevaporn T, Chen TWW, Lee SC, Galvez C, Malwinder S, Kogawa T, Bajpai J, Brahma B, Wang S, Curigliano G, Yoshino T, Kim SB, Pentheroudakis G, Im SA, Andre F, Ahn JB, Harbeck N. Pan-Asian adapted ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines for the diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of patients with early breast cancer. ESMO Open 2024; 9:102974. [PMID: 38796284 PMCID: PMC11145753 DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2024.102974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) Clinical Practice Guidelines for the diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of patients with early breast cancer were updated and published online in 2023, and adapted, according to previously established standard methodology, to produce the Pan-Asian adapted (PAGA) ESMO consensus guidelines for the management of Asian patients with early breast cancer. The adapted guidelines presented in this manuscript represent the consensus opinions reached by a panel of Asian experts in the treatment of patients with breast cancer representing the oncological societies of China (CSCO), Indonesia (ISHMO), India (ISMPO), Japan (JSMO), Korea (KSMO), Malaysia (MOS), the Philippines (PSMO), Singapore (SSO), Taiwan (TOS) and Thailand (TSCO), co-ordinated by ESMO and KSMO. The voting was based on scientific evidence and was independent of the current treatment practices, drug access restrictions and reimbursement decisions in the different Asian regions represented by the 10 oncological societies. The latter are discussed separately in the manuscript. The aim is to provide guidance for the optimisation and harmonisation of the management of patients with early breast cancer across the different regions of Asia, drawing on the evidence provided by both Western and Asian trials, whilst respecting the differences in screening practices, molecular profiling, as well as the age and stage at presentation. Attention is drawn to the disparity in the drug approvals and reimbursement strategies, between the different regions of Asia.
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Affiliation(s)
- K H Park
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - S Loibl
- German Breast Group, Neu-Isenburg, Goethe University Centre for Haematology and Oncology, Bethanien, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - J Sohn
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - Y H Park
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Z Jiang
- Department of Oncology, The Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Bejing, China
| | - H Tadjoedin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology-Medical Oncology, Dharmais Hospital, National Cancer Center, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - S Nag
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sahyadri Speciality Hospitals, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - S Saji
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - M Md Yusof
- Cancer Centre at PHKL, Pantai Hospital Kuala Lumpur, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - E M B Villegas
- Cebu Cancer Institute, Perpertual Succour Hospital, Cebu Doctors' University Hospital, Cho-ing Hua Hospital, Cebu City, Philippines
| | - E H Lim
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Y-S Lu
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - S Ithimakin
- Division of Medical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - L-M Tseng
- Department of Surgery, Taipei-Veterans General Hospital, and School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - T Dejthevaporn
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - T W-W Chen
- Department of Oncology, National Taiwan University Hospital and Graduate Institute of Oncology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - S C Lee
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute, Singapore (NCIS), Singapore, Singapore
| | - C Galvez
- St. Luke's Medical Center Global City, Taguig City, Philippines
| | - S Malwinder
- Cancer Centre at PHKL, Pantai Hospital Kuala Lumpur, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - T Kogawa
- Advanced Medical Development, Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - J Bajpai
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - B Brahma
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Dharmais Hospital, National Cancer Center, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - S Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - G Curigliano
- Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, IRCCS, Milan, Italy; Department of Oncology and Haematology, University of Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - T Yoshino
- Department of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - S-B Kim
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | | | - S-A Im
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - F Andre
- Breast Cancer Unit, Department of Medical Oncology, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - J B Ahn
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - N Harbeck
- Breast Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Comprehensive Cancer Center Munich, LMU University Hospital, Munich, Germany
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Abrar SS, Bachok N. Systematic Review of Survival Outcomes of Pregnancy-Associated Breast Cancer in Asian Countries. Malays J Med Sci 2024; 31:6-17. [PMID: 38694578 PMCID: PMC11057829 DOI: 10.21315/mjms2024.31.2.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Pregnancy-associated breast cancer (PABC) is a rare type of gestational cancer. It poses a significant challenge in diagnosis and management, especially in Asian countries with limited resources. We carried out a systematic literature review and narrative synthesis to identify survival outcomes for women with PABC in Asia. We searched MEDLINE, PubMed, Cochrane Library and the reference lists of the included English language articles for those conducted between January 2010 and August 2022. The search terms were pregnancy-associated breast cancer, breast cancer AND pregnancy, survival of PABC and prognosis of PABC patients. PABC is defined as breast cancer diagnosed either during pregnancy or 1 year-5 years postpartum. This review included observational studies conducted in Asian countries. The final 11 articles met the selection criteria and were analysed. Five of the studies had high quality methods as assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) checklist. We reported study design, year of diagnosis, country, definition of PABC, control group, age of participants, median follow-up time, survival outcomes and pregnancy as prognostic factors. Only five studies reported that PABC patients had a poor overall or disease-free survival rate compared to the control. Pregnancy was a significant independent prognostic factor of breast cancer in only two studies. This review highlights that pregnancy has an unconfirmed association with breast cancer survival in Asia. Most studies that found a non-significant association had small samples, thus there is a need for large-scale multinational epidemiological studies in Asia to establish the survival outcomes in PABC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Sana Abrar
- Unit of Biostatistics and Research Methodology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Norsa'adah Bachok
- Unit of Biostatistics and Research Methodology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia
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Marino P, Mininni M, Deiana G, Marino G, Divella R, Bochicchio I, Giuliano A, Lapadula S, Lettini AR, Sanseverino F. Healthy Lifestyle and Cancer Risk: Modifiable Risk Factors to Prevent Cancer. Nutrients 2024; 16:800. [PMID: 38542712 PMCID: PMC10974142 DOI: 10.3390/nu16060800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer has become a serious problem worldwide, as it represents the main cause of death, and its incidence has increased over the years. A potential strategy to counter the growing spread of various forms of cancer is the adoption of prevention strategies, in particular, the use of healthy lifestyles, such as maintaining a healthy weight, following a healthy diet; being physically active; avoiding smoking, alcohol consumption, and sun exposure; and vitamin D supplementation. These modifiable risk factors are associated with this disease, contributing to its development, progression, and severity. This review evaluates the relationship between potentially modifiable risk factors and overall cancer development, specifically breast, colorectal, and prostate cancer, and highlights updated recommendations on cancer prevention. The results of numerous clinical and epidemiological studies clearly show the influence of lifestyles on the development and prevention of cancer. An incorrect diet, composed mainly of saturated fats and processed products, resulting in increased body weight, combined with physical inactivity, alcohol consumption, and smoking, has induced an increase in the incidence of all three types of cancer under study. Given the importance of adopting correct and healthy lifestyles to prevent cancer, global institutions should develop strategies and environments that encourage individuals to adopt healthy and regular behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pasquale Marino
- Unit of Oncological Gynecology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico della Basilicata (IRCCS-CROB), Via Padre Pio, 1, 85028 Potenza, Italy; (G.D.); (F.S.)
| | - Mariangela Mininni
- Department Direzione Generale per la Salute e le Politiche della Persona, Regione Basilicata, Via Vincenzo Verrastro, 4, 85100 Potenza, Italy;
| | - Giovanni Deiana
- Unit of Oncological Gynecology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico della Basilicata (IRCCS-CROB), Via Padre Pio, 1, 85028 Potenza, Italy; (G.D.); (F.S.)
| | - Graziella Marino
- Unit of Breast Surgery, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico della Basilicata (IRCCS-CROB), 85028 Potenza, Italy;
| | - Rosa Divella
- Nutritionist’s Studio at the Gravina in Puglia, C.so Giuseppe Di Vittorio, 14, 70024 Bari, Italy;
| | - Ilaria Bochicchio
- Unit of Clinical Psychology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico della Basilicata (IRCCS-CROB), Via Padre Pio, 1, 85028 Potenza, Italy; (I.B.); (A.G.); (S.L.); (A.R.L.)
| | - Alda Giuliano
- Unit of Clinical Psychology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico della Basilicata (IRCCS-CROB), Via Padre Pio, 1, 85028 Potenza, Italy; (I.B.); (A.G.); (S.L.); (A.R.L.)
| | - Stefania Lapadula
- Unit of Clinical Psychology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico della Basilicata (IRCCS-CROB), Via Padre Pio, 1, 85028 Potenza, Italy; (I.B.); (A.G.); (S.L.); (A.R.L.)
| | - Alessandro Rocco Lettini
- Unit of Clinical Psychology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico della Basilicata (IRCCS-CROB), Via Padre Pio, 1, 85028 Potenza, Italy; (I.B.); (A.G.); (S.L.); (A.R.L.)
| | - Francesca Sanseverino
- Unit of Oncological Gynecology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico della Basilicata (IRCCS-CROB), Via Padre Pio, 1, 85028 Potenza, Italy; (G.D.); (F.S.)
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Wiranata JA, Hutajulu SH, Astari YK, Leo B, Bintoro BS, Hardianti MS, Taroeno-Hariadi KW, Kurnianda J, Purwanto I. Patient-reported outcomes and symptom clusters pattern of chemotherapy-induced toxicity in patients with early breast cancer. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0298928. [PMID: 38394281 PMCID: PMC10890761 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0298928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aims to characterize patient-reported chemotherapy-induced toxicity in patients with breast cancer, determine its association with treatment regimens and patient characteristics, identify toxicity symptom clusters within a specific chemotherapy timeframe and analyze the correlation between symptom clusters within and between the timeframe to understand the changes and influences across chemotherapy. METHODS Forty-six patient-reported toxicities during neoadjuvant/adjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer were evaluated using adapted CTCAE version 4.0. Chi-Square/Fisher's Exact test was performed to analyze the difference in the incidence of toxicity symptoms by chemotherapy regimens. Poisson regression performed to assess factors associated with patient's total chemotherapy toxicity. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) conducted to identify symptom clusters at T1 (first half) and T2 (second half of planned cycle). Factor scores were generated and Spearman correlation performed to explore the factor scores correlation between symptom clusters. RESULTS A total of 142 patients with stage I-III breast cancer were included. The incidence of several toxicities differed significantly among three chemotherapy regimens. Subjects age ≥51 years are associated with lower number of reported toxicity (IRR/incidence rate ratio = 0.94, 95% confidence interval/CI 0.88 to 0.99, p = 0.042). Receiving more chemotherapy cycles are associated with higher number of reported toxicity (IRR = 1.06, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.10, p<0.001). Two symptom clusters identified at T1 (psychoneurological-pain/PNP-T1 and gastrointestinal-psychological/GIP-T1 cluster) and three at T2 (psychoneurological-pain/PNP-T2, epithelial/EPI-T2, and gastrointestinal cluster/GI-T2), with moderate-strong positive correlation between PNP-T1 and GIP-T2 (p<0.001), PNP-T1 and PNP-T2 (p<0.001), and GIP-T1 and PNP-T2 (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS This study investigated 46 patient-reported toxicities prospectively during adjuvant/neoadjuvant chemotherapy for early breast cancer. Anthracycline-taxane combination regimen had higher proportions of toxicity incidence. Subject's age and number of chemotherapy cycles significantly associated with total number of toxicity symptoms. Two symptom clusters at T1 and three at T2 were identified, with significant correlation between symptom clusters within and between chemotherapy timeframe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Adrian Wiranata
- Clinical Epidemiology Study Program, Master of Clinical Medicine Postgraduate Program, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
- Academic Hospital, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Susanna Hilda Hutajulu
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada/Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Yufi Kartika Astari
- Research Scholar, Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Benedreky Leo
- Specialty Program in Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Bagas Suryo Bintoro
- Department of Health Behaviour, Environment, and Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
- Center of Health Behaviour and Promotion, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Mardiah Suci Hardianti
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada/Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Kartika Widayati Taroeno-Hariadi
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada/Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Johan Kurnianda
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada/Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Ibnu Purwanto
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada/Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
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11
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Bakrim S, El Omari N, Khan EJ, Khalid A, Abdalla AN, Chook JB, Goh KW, Ming LC, Aboulaghras S, Bouyahya A. Phytosterols activating nuclear receptors are involving in steroid hormone-dependent cancers: Myth or fact? Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 169:115783. [PMID: 37944439 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Nuclear receptors (NRs) represent intracellular proteins that function as a signaling network of transcriptional factors to control genes in response to a variety of environmental, dietary, and hormonal stimulations or serve as orphan receptors lacking a recognized ligand. They also play an essential role in normal development, metabolism, cell growth, cell division, physiology, reproduction, and homeostasis and function as biological markers for tumor subclassification and as targets for hormone therapy. NRs, including steroid hormone receptors (SHRs), have been studied as tools to examine the fundamentals of transcriptional regulation within the development of mammals and human physiology, in addition to their links to disturbances. In this regard, it is widely recognized that aberrant NR signaling is responsible for the pathological growth of hormone-dependent tumors in response to SHRs dysregulation and consequently represents a potential therapeutic candidate in a range of diseases, as in the case of prostate cancer and breast cancer. On the other hand, phytosterols are a group of plant-derived compounds that act directly as ligands for NRs and have proven their efficacy in the management of diabetes, heart diseases, and cancers. However, these plants are not suggested in cases of hormone-dependent cancer since a certain group of plants contains molecules with a chemical structure similar to that of estrogens, which are known as phytoestrogens or estrogen-like compounds, such as lignans, coumestans, and isoflavones. Therefore, it remains an open and controversial debate regarding whether consuming a phytosterol-rich diet and adopting a vegetarian lifestyle like the Mediterranean diet may increase the risk of developing steroid hormone-dependent cancers by constitutively activating SHRs and thereby leading to tumor transformation. Overall, the purpose of this review is to better understand the relevant mechanistic pathways and explore epidemiological investigations in order to establish that phytosterols may contribute to the activation of NRs as cancer drivers in hormone-dependent cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saad Bakrim
- Geo-Bio-Environment Engineering and Innovation Laboratory, Molecular Engineering, Biotechnology and Innovation Team, Polydisciplinary Faculty of Taroudant, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir 80000, Morocco
| | - Nasreddine El Omari
- Laboratory of Histology, Embryology, and Cytogenetic, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10100, Morocco
| | | | - Asaad Khalid
- Substance Abuse and Toxicology Research Center, Jazan University, P.O. Box: 114, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia; Medicinal and Aromatic Plants and Traditional Medicine Research Institute, National Center for Research, P. O. Box 2404, Khartoum, Sudan.
| | - Ashraf N Abdalla
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jack Bee Chook
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Sunway City, Malaysia.
| | - Khang Wen Goh
- Faculty of Data Science and Information Technology, INTI International University, Nilai, Malaysia.
| | - Long Chiau Ming
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Sunway City, Malaysia.
| | - Sara Aboulaghras
- Laboratory of Human Pathologies Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10106, Morocco
| | - Abdelhakim Bouyahya
- Laboratory of Human Pathologies Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10106, Morocco.
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Carvalho PT, Niza-Ribeiro J, Amorim I, Queiroga F, Severo M, Ribeiro AI, Pinello K. Comparative epidemiological study of breast cancer in humans and canine mammary tumors: insights from Portugal. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1271097. [PMID: 38098996 PMCID: PMC10720630 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1271097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Dogs spontaneously develop mammary gland tumors (MGT) and exhibit striking similarities in clinical and epidemiological characteristics to human breast cancer (HBC). Descriptive and comparative analysis of HBC and canine MGT with a focus on evaluating similarities and geographical distribution were the aims of this study. HBC cases were obtained from North Regional Oncological Registry (RORENO) (2010-2015) and canine MGT cases from Vet-OncoNet (2019-2022). Analyses were performed based on published and well accepted classification systems (ICD-O-3.2 for humans and Vet-ICD-O-canine-1). Age-standardized incidence risks (ASIR) of Porto district municipalities were calculated using 2021 Portuguese census (INE) and data from the Portuguese animal registration system (SIAC). Among 7,674 HBC cases and 1,140 MGT cases, a similar age and sex distribution pattern was observed. Approximately 69.2% of HBC cases were between 40 and 69 years old, while 66.9% of MGT cases were diagnosed between 7 and 12 years old (mean age of 9.6 years, SD = 2.6). In women, Invasive breast carcinoma (8500/3) was the most common histological type (n = 5,679, 74%) while in dogs it was the Complex Carcinoma (8983.1/3) (n = 205, 39%). Cocker and Yorkshire Terriers exhibited the highest relative risks (3.2 and 1.6, p < 0.05, respectively) when compared to cross breed dogs. The municipalities' ASIR of the two species exhibited a high correlation (R = 0.85, p < 0.01) and the spatial cluster analysis revealed similar geographic hotspots. Also, higher ASIR values both in women and dogs were more frequently found in urbanized areas compared to rural areas. This research sheds light on the shared features and geographical correlation between HBC and canine MGT, highlighting the potential of cross-species environmental oncology studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo Tiago Carvalho
- Vet-OncoNet, Population Studies Department, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, ICBAS, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - João Niza-Ribeiro
- Vet-OncoNet, Population Studies Department, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, ICBAS, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Epidemiology Unit (EPIUnit), Institute of Public Health of the University of Porto (ISPUP), Porto, Portugal
- Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Porto, Portugal
| | - Irina Amorim
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Immunology, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences ICBAS, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Felisbina Queiroga
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal
- Centre for Animal and Veterinary Science (CECAV), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
- Center for Animal Science Studies, Institute of Sciences, Technologies and Agroenvironment (CECA-ICETA), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Milton Severo
- Epidemiology Unit (EPIUnit), Institute of Public Health of the University of Porto (ISPUP), Porto, Portugal
- Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Isabel Ribeiro
- Epidemiology Unit (EPIUnit), Institute of Public Health of the University of Porto (ISPUP), Porto, Portugal
- Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Porto, Portugal
- Department of Public Health and Forensic Sciences and Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Katia Pinello
- Vet-OncoNet, Population Studies Department, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, ICBAS, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Epidemiology Unit (EPIUnit), Institute of Public Health of the University of Porto (ISPUP), Porto, Portugal
- Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Porto, Portugal
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13
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Mamalo AS, Alivirdiloo V, Sadeghnejad A, Hajiabbasi M, Gargari MK, Valilo M. Potential roles of the exosome/microRNA axis in breast cancer. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 251:154845. [PMID: 37839359 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is one of the most common diseases in the world, and various genetic and environmental factors play a key role in its development. Breast cancer is one of the most common and deadly cancers in women. Exosomes are extracellular vesicles (EVs) with an average size of about 100 nm that contain lipids, proteins, microRNAs (miRNAs), and genetic factors and play a significant role in cell signaling, communication, tumorigenesis, and drug resistance. miRNAs are RNAs with about 22 nucleotides, which are synthesized by RNA polymerase and are involved in regulating gene expression, as well as the prevention or progression of cancer. Many studies have indicated the connection between miRNAs and exosomes. According to their findings, it seems that circulating exosomal miRNAs have not been well evaluated as biomarkers for breast cancer diagnosis or monitoring. Therefore, given the importance of miRNAs in exosomes, the goal of the present study was to clarify the relationship between miRNAs in exosomes and the role they play as biomarkers in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vahid Alivirdiloo
- Medical Doctor Ramsar Campus, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Ramsar, Iran
| | - Azadeh Sadeghnejad
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Biological Science, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Morad Kohandel Gargari
- Imamreza Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Valilo
- Student Research Committee, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
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Kadys A, Gremke N, Schnetter L, Kostev K, Kalder M. Intercontinental comparison of women with breast cancer treated by oncologists in Europe, Asia, and Latin America: a retrospective study of 99,571 patients. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:7319-7326. [PMID: 36920565 PMCID: PMC10374727 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-04681-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of the study was to evaluate the baseline data of women with breast cancer (BC) undergoing treatment in an intercontinental comparison. METHODS This study included 99,571 women with BC from Europe (70,834), Asia (18,208), and Latin America (10,529) enrolled between 2017 and 2021, based on data from IQVIA's Oncology Dynamics database. This source is supplied with information by means of a cross-sectional partially retrospective survey collecting anonymized data on inpatients and outpatients treated by a representative panel of oncologists. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to investigate the probability of metastases. RESULTS The data available in Asia (98%) and Latin America (100%) were hospital data, while in Europe, patients were treated both in hospitals and in office-based practices (62%, 38%). The mean age in Asia and Latin America (57 ± 13) was lower than in Europe (61 ± 13; p < 0.001). Lobular BC was diagnosed twice as often in Europe compared to Asia and Latin America (15.2%, 9.8%, 8.0%). The number of patients with metastasized hormone receptor-positive (HR +) BC was significantly higher in Europe and Latin America than in Asia (76%, 68%; p < 0.001). The highest number of women with metastasized BC was reported in Europe (26% compared to 14% and 20%, respectively, in Asia and Latin America). Across the continents, the percentage of women with BC who experienced metastases was 51-61% for bone, 30-39% for lung and 25-32% for liver, followed by 3-6% for skin and 3% for brain. CONCLUSION Women with BC treated in Europe tend to be significantly older and more likely to develop metastases than women in Asia and Latin America, except for lung metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arturas Kadys
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Marburg, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Niklas Gremke
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Marburg, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | | | - Karel Kostev
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Marburg, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany.
- Epidemiology, IQVIA, Unterschweinstiege 2-14, Frankfurt am Main, 60549, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany.
| | - Matthias Kalder
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Marburg, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
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15
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Kerketta ZH, Kujur A, Kumari N, Sagar V, Pushpa F. A Cross-Sectional Study on the Epidemiology of Newly Diagnosed Breast Cancer Patients Attending Tertiary Care Hospitals in a Tribal Preponderant State of India: Regression Analysis. Cureus 2023; 15:e40489. [PMID: 37461757 PMCID: PMC10349914 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.40489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Breast cancer (BC) is globally prevalent and the leading cause of death due to cancer in females. Due to changes in risk factor profiles, improved cancer registration, and cancer detection, its incidence and death rates have risen over the past three decades. Both modifiable and immutable risk factors for BC make up a sizable portion of the total risk factors. Methodology: This was a hospital-based cross-sectional study carried out in the Department of Surgery, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences (RIMS), Ranchi. Consecutive sampling was done with a complete enumeration of all newly diagnosed cases of breast cancer >15 years old. Those who consented to participate and those who were extremely ill, deaf, or dumb were excluded from the study. RESULTS A total of 88 patients were included. Maximum patients diagnosed with breast cancer belonged to the age group of 40-50 years (37.5%), Hindu by religion (76.1%), non-tribal (80.68%), illiterate (89.8%), married (98.9%), housewives (92%), and of class IV socio-economic status (SES) (65.9%). CONCLUSION Regular training of Sahiya (the local name of Accredited Social Health Activist (ASHA) in Jharkhand), empowerment of screening clinics for cancer, and upgraded diagnostic facilities for timely referral should be stressed upon.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anit Kujur
- Community Medicine, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, IND
| | - Neelanjali Kumari
- Preventive Medicine, Mahatma Gandhi Memorial Medical College, Jamshedpur, Jamshedpur, IND
- Preventive and Social Medicine, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, IND
| | - Vidya Sagar
- Preventive Medicine, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, IND
| | - Fnu Pushpa
- Community Medicine, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, IND
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Abrar SS, Norsa'adah B. Poor survival rate of pregnancy-associated breast cancer in Asian countries. ANNALS OF THE ACADEMY OF MEDICINE, SINGAPORE 2023; 52:271-272. [PMID: 38904525 DOI: 10.47102/annals-acadmedsg.2022423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- S S Abrar
- Biostatistics and Research Methodology Unit, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Bachok Norsa'adah
- Biostatistics and Research Methodology Unit, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
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17
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Ferreira T, Gama A, Seixas F, Faustino-Rocha AI, Lopes C, Gaspar VM, Mano JF, Medeiros R, Oliveira PA. Mammary Glands of Women, Female Dogs and Female Rats: Similarities and Differences to Be Considered in Breast Cancer Research. Vet Sci 2023; 10:379. [PMID: 37368765 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci10060379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most common and well-known types of cancer among women worldwide and is the most frequent neoplasm in intact female dogs. Female dogs are considered attractive models or studying spontaneous breast cancer, whereas female rats are currently the most widely used animal models for breast cancer research in the laboratory context. Both female dogs and female rats have contributed to the advancement of scientific knowledge in this field, and, in a "One Health" approach, they have allowed broad understanding of specific biopathological pathways, influence of environmental factors and screening/discovery of candidate therapies. This review aims to clearly showcase the similarities and differences among woman, female dog and female rat concerning to anatomical, physiological and histological features of the mammary gland and breast/mammary cancer epidemiology, in order to better portray breast tumorigenesis, and to ensure appropriate conclusions and extrapolation of results among species. We also discuss the major aspects that stand out in these species. The mammary glands of female dogs and women share structural similarities, especially with respect to the lactiferous ducts and lymphatic drainage. In contrast, female rats have only one lactiferous duct per nipple. A comprehensive comparison between humans and dogs is given a special focus, as these species share several aspects in terms of breast/mammary cancer epidemiology, such as age of onset, hormonal etiology, risk factors, and the clinical course of the disease. Holistically, it is clear that each species has advantages and limitations that researchers must consider during the development of experimental designs and data analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago Ferreira
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production (Inov4Agro), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Molecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP)/RISE@CI IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (Porto.CCC), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Adelina Gama
- Animal and Veterinary Research Centre (CECAV), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences (AL4AnimalS), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Fernanda Seixas
- Animal and Veterinary Research Centre (CECAV), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences (AL4AnimalS), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Ana I Faustino-Rocha
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production (Inov4Agro), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Department of Zootechnics, School of Sciences and Technology, University of Évora, 7004-516 Évora, Portugal
- Comprehensive Health Research Center, 7004-516 Évora, Portugal
| | - Carlos Lopes
- Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Vítor M Gaspar
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - João F Mano
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Rui Medeiros
- Molecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP)/RISE@CI IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (Porto.CCC), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto (FMUP), 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- Research Department of the Portuguese League against Cancer-Regional Nucleus of the North (Liga Portuguesa Contra o Cancro-Núcleo Regional do Norte), 4200-177 Porto, Portugal
- Virology Service, Portuguese Institute of Oncology (IPO), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
- Biomedical Research Center (CEBIMED), Faculty of Health Sciences of the Fernando Pessoa University, 4249-004 Porto, Portugal
| | - Paula A Oliveira
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production (Inov4Agro), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
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Chang WT, Lin HW, Lin SH, Li YH. Association of Statin Use With Cancer- and Noncancer-Associated Survival Among Patients With Breast Cancer in Asia. JAMA Netw Open 2023; 6:e239515. [PMID: 37083661 PMCID: PMC10122177 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.9515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Importance In addition to protective effects on the cardiovascular system, statins may reduce the risk of breast cancer recurrence owing to potential anti-inflammatory benefits. Given that patients with breast cancer in Asia are relatively younger at diagnosis and most are free from traditional cardiovascular risk factors, it is uncertain whether the use of statins can improve survival. Objective To investigate the association of statin use with cancer- and noncancer-associated survival in patients with breast cancer. Design, Setting and Participants This cohort study used the Taiwanese National Health Insurance Research Database and National Cancer Registry to identify patients diagnosed with breast cancer from January 2012 to December 2017. Age, cancer stage, anticancer therapies, comorbidities, socioeconomic status, and cardiovascular drugs were matched by propensity score method. Statistical analyses, including Cox proportional hazards models, were performed from June 2022 to February 2023. The mean (SD) follow-up duration was 4.10 (2.96) years. Interventions Patients receiving statins within 6 months before the diagnosis of breast cancer were compared with those not receiving statins. Main Outcomes and Measures Outcomes included death, heart failure, and arterial and venous events. Results Overall, 7451 patients (mean [SD] age, 64.3 [9.4] years) treated with statins were matched with 7451 nonusers (mean [SD] age, 65.8 [10.8] years). Compared with nonusers, statin users had a significantly lower risk of all-cause death (adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 0.83; 95% CI, 0.77-0.91; P < .001). Notably, the risk reduction was mainly attributed to cancer-related death (adjusted HR, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.75-0.92; P < .001). Only a small number of patients died of cardiovascular causes, and the ratios were similar between statin users and nonusers. No significant differences were observed in cardiovascular outcomes, including heart failure and arterial and venous events, between statin users and nonusers. Using a time-dependent analysis, statin users also presented a significantly lower risk of cancer-related death (adjusted HR, 0.28; 95% CI, 0.24-0.32; P < .001) than nonusers, and notably, the risk was even lower in high-dose statin (HDS) users compared with non-HDS users (HDS users: adjusted HR, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.73-0.98; P = .002; non-HDS users: adjusted HR, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.68-0.91; P = 001). Conclusions and Relevance In this cohort study of Asian patients with breast cancer, statin use was associated with a reduced risk of cancer-associated death rather than cardiovascular death. Our findings provide evidence to support the use of statins in patients with breast cancer; however, randomized studies are necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Ting Chang
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology, Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Wen Lin
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Biostatistics Consulting Center, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Hsiang Lin
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Biostatistics Consulting Center, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Public Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Heng Li
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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Shin S, Fu J, Shin WK, Huang D, Min S, Kang D. Association of food groups and dietary pattern with breast cancer risk: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Nutr 2023; 42:282-297. [PMID: 36731160 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2023.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of current evidence for the association between food groups, dietary patterns, and breast cancer risk among the Asian population. METHODS This systematic review and meta-analysis followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. We performed a systematic literature search up to December 2022 in English in the PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane databases. Risk ratios (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were extracted as effect sizes. Publication bias was estimated by two different funnel plot methods. RESULTS We collected the data from 15 cohort studies and 34 case-control studies meeting the search criteria. The meta-analysis found that the consumption of fruits and, likewise, vegetables were associated with a 29% lower risk of breast cancer, respectively [RR = 0.71 (0.55, 0.93); RR = 0.71 (0.53, 0.95)]. By contrast, no significance was found between meat, soy foods, and green tea consumption and breast cancer risk (P > 0.05). However, soy protein and isoflavone intake could lower breast cancer risk by 35% and 32%, respectively [RR = 0.65 (0.51, 0.83); RR = 0.68 (0.55, 0.82)]. As for the dietary pattern, high adherence to a healthy dietary pattern and, similarly, to a healthy eating index was associated with a 38% and 51% reduction in breast cancer risk, respectively [RR = 0.62 (0.44, 0.88; RR = 0.49 (0.27, 0.87)], while high adherence to an unhealthy dietary pattern was associated with a 44% increased risk [RR = 1.44 (1.06, 1.96)]. Considering alcohol consumption, a 75% increased risk of breast cancer was found [RR = 1.75 (1.33, 2.30)]. CONCLUSION The present meta-analysis found that high intakes of fruits, vegetables, soy protein, and soy isoflavone significantly reduced the risk of breast cancer, while high intake of alcohol had a significantly increased risk. Meat, soy food, and green tea consumption were not significantly associated with breast cancer risk. Considering dietary patterns, high adherence to a healthy eating index and a healthy dietary pattern may reduce breast cancer risk. Conversely, adherence to unhealthy dietary patterns may increase breast cancer risk. However, further studies are needed to confirm the associations between dietary patterns and breast cancer in the Asian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangah Shin
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chung-Ang University, Gyeonggi-do 17546, South Korea.
| | - Jialei Fu
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chung-Ang University, Gyeonggi-do 17546, South Korea
| | - Woo-Kyoung Shin
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, South Korea; Integrated Major in Innovative Medical Science, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul 03080, South Korea
| | - Dan Huang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, South Korea; Integrated Major in Innovative Medical Science, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul 03080, South Korea
| | - Sukhong Min
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, South Korea
| | - Daehee Kang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, South Korea; Integrated Major in Innovative Medical Science, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul 03080, South Korea.
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Yin M, Wang F, Zhang Y, Meng R, Yuan X, Wang Q, Yu Y. Analysis on Incidence and Mortality Trends and Age-Period-Cohort of Breast Cancer in Chinese Women from 1990 to 2019. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:ijerph20010826. [PMID: 36613148 PMCID: PMC9820148 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20010826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To analyze the incidence and mortality trends of breast cancer among women in China from 1990 to 2019 and explore the effects of age, period, and cohort on the incidence and mortality of breast cancer. METHODS We performed a Joinpoint regression model to describe trends in breast cancer incidence and mortality. We used an age-period-cohort analysis model to estimate the impact of age, period, and cohort on breast cancer incidence and mortality. We collected breast cancer incidence and mortality among women aged 20-89 in China (1990-2019) from the Global Health Data Exchange (GHDx) database. RESULTS The crude incidence and mortality of breast cancer from 1990 to 2019 in Chinese women showed an increasing trend, with an average annual increase percentage (AAPC) of 4.69% and 2.18%, respectively. The analysis on the age-period-cohort model revealed that the risk of incidence increased first and then decreased with age and peaked at 55-59 years old, whereas the risk of mortality increased by approximately 60.34 times from 20 to 89 years old. The risk of incidence and mortality increased by 2.64 and 1.49 times with the passage of time, respectively. The later the birth cohort is, the lower the risk of incidence and mortality will be. CONCLUSION From 1990 to 2019, the incidence and mortality of breast cancer among Chinese women showed an increasing trend, and the prevention and control situation of breast cancer was still grim. Therefore, visual examination and palpation examination should be actively carried out in adult women with breast cancer, and the conventional population after 40 years of age, the high-risk population carrying hereditary breast cancer gene and the elderly population should be assisted with imaging examination along with palpation examination. When treating patients suffering from breast cancer, in order to reduce the death rate, a personalized treatment plan should be developed based on the characteristics of different patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Yin
- School of Public Health, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Yunquan Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China
- Center of Health Administration and Development Studies, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China
| | - Runtang Meng
- School of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Xiaomei Yuan
- School of Public Health, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China
| | - Qun Wang
- School of Public Health, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China
- Center of Health Administration and Development Studies, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China
| | - Yong Yu
- School of Public Health, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China
- Center of Health Administration and Development Studies, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China
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21
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Qi SA, Kumar N, Xu JY, Patel J, Damaraju S, Shen-Tu G, Greiner R. Personalized breast cancer onset prediction from lifestyle and health history information. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0279174. [PMID: 36534670 PMCID: PMC9762602 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0279174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
We propose a method to predict when a woman will develop breast cancer (BCa) from her lifestyle and health history features. To address this objective, we use data from the Alberta's Tomorrow Project of 18,288 women to train Individual Survival Distribution (ISD) models to predict an individual's Breast-Cancer-Onset (BCaO) probability curve. We show that our three-step approach-(1) filling missing data with multiple imputations by chained equations, followed by (2) feature selection with the multivariate Cox method, and finally, (3) using MTLR to learn an ISD model-produced the model with the smallest L1-Hinge loss among all calibrated models with comparable C-index. We also identified 7 actionable lifestyle features that a woman can modify and illustrate how this model can predict the quantitative effects of those changes-suggesting how much each will potentially extend her BCa-free time. We anticipate this approach could be used to identify appropriate interventions for individuals with a higher likelihood of developing BCa in their lifetime.
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Grants
- Alberta Health, Alberta, Canada
- Canadian Breast Cancer Foundation, Prairies/NWT Chapter, Canada
- Alberta Cancer Foundation, Alberta, Canada
- Canadian Partnership Against Cancer and Health Canada, Ontario, Canada
- Alberta Health Services, Alberta, Canada
- Alberta Machine Intelligence Institute
- Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-ang Qi
- Department of Computing Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Neeraj Kumar
- Department of Computing Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Alberta Machine Intelligence Institute, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jian-Yi Xu
- Alberta’s Tomorrow Project, Cancer Care Alberta, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jaykumar Patel
- Department of Computing Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Sambasivarao Damaraju
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Grace Shen-Tu
- Alberta’s Tomorrow Project, Cancer Care Alberta, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Russell Greiner
- Department of Computing Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Alberta Machine Intelligence Institute, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- * E-mail:
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22
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Olfatbakhsh A, Heidari L, Omidi Z, Hashemi EOS, Ansari M, Mozaffarian S, Haghighat S. Long-term Survival and Prognostic Factors of Breast Cancer. ARCHIVES OF IRANIAN MEDICINE 2022; 25:609-616. [PMID: 37543886 PMCID: PMC10685763 DOI: 10.34172/aim.2022.96] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 08/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer survival rate is an important index for assessment of treatment effect in reducing the mortality. Weaimed to determine the fifteen-year survival rate for breast cancer at a referral center in Iran and its correlated factors. METHODS This survival study enrolled patients with breast cancer who referred to Motamed Cancer Institute (MCI) from 1998 to2016. The survival rate was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method. The relationship of demographic, clinical and therapeuticfactors with overall survival (OS) was studied using Cox's proportional hazard model. RESULTS Totally, 3443 patients were studied. Their mean age and follow-up period were 47.7 (±11.43) years and 61.66 (±52.1)months, respectively. The median follow-up time was 48.4 months (range: 1-413 months), 49.7% of the patients had high schoolor higher education, and 71.3% presented in the early stage of the disease. Death occurred in 505 (14.7%) of the patients. Theoverall 2-, 5-, 7-, 10- and 15-year survival rates were 93%, 82%, 78%, 74%, and 66%, respectively. Lymph node involvement(HR=2.07; 95% CI: 1.38-3.09), tumor size≥5 cm (HR=2.83; 95% CI: 1.59-2.04), being single/divorced/widowed (HR=1.65;95% CI: 1.13-2.4), and education level CONCLUSION The five-year breast cancer survival rate in this study was higher than reported by some other studies in Iran, whichcould be due to the multidisciplinary treatment approach in MCI. Tumor size and lymph node involvement as indicators ofdelayed diagnosis may affect breast cancer survival, even though their true effect due to lead-time bias should be considered. Thecorrelation of education level with survival confirms the importance of awareness and the need to establish strategies for earlydiagnosis in Iranian women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asiie Olfatbakhsh
- Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leila Heidari
- Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Omidi
- Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Maryam Ansari
- Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samaneh Mozaffarian
- Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahpar Haghighat
- Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
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23
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Arzanova E, Mayrovitz HN. The Epidemiology of Breast Cancer. Breast Cancer 2022. [DOI: 10.36255/exon-publications-breast-cancer-epidemiology] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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24
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Dhakal R, Noula M, Roupa Z, Yamasaki EN. A Scoping Review on the Status of Female Breast Cancer in Asia with a Special Focus on Nepal. BREAST CANCER: TARGETS AND THERAPY 2022; 14:229-246. [PMID: 36052152 PMCID: PMC9427118 DOI: 10.2147/bctt.s366530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to provide updated evidence on the status of female breast cancer and cancer treatment facilities in Asia, with a special focus on Nepal. This review used search phrases that included, breast neoplasm or cancer, health status, epidemiology, breast cancer survivors, cancer care facilities, Asia, Nepal. Researchers examined databases from January 2011 to December 2020 (PubMed, PMC, Google Scholar, and the reference lists of included papers). Studies of any design and reviews, were included in the study, except for qualitative studies. The study findings are presented in a narrative synthesis format using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews. An initial search resulted in 974 papers, and 896 were reviewed after being checked for duplication using the Zotero software. Accordingly, utilizing the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 188 publications were selected, and after review of titles and abstracts, an additional 98 papers were removed for different reasons. Finally, the study looked at 90 female breast cancer papers. Results showed that the number of cases of breast cancer is growing all around the world, including in Asia and Nepal. Age, early menarche, late menopause, nulliparity, positive family history, excessive fat consumption, alcohol, and smoking are all frequent risk factors for breast cancer found in Asian women. Breast self-examination, clinical breast examination, and mammography screening are common methods for detecting breast carcinoma. Chemotherapy, radiation, and modified mastectomy are commonly used options for treatment. The number of breast cancer survivors is growing throughout the world, indicating better clinical care. There is a paucity of survival data in many Asian countries, including Nepal. There is also a scarcity of health workforce specialized in cancer care and treatment, as well as a few health facilities that are available to treat cancer cases in many Asian countries, including Nepal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rojana Dhakal
- Department of Life and Health Sciences, University of Nicosia, Nicosia, Cyprus
- Department of Nursing, School of Health and Allied Sciences, Pokhara University, Kaski, Gandaki Province, Nepal
- Correspondence: Rojana Dhakal, Department of Nursing, School of Health and Allied Sciences, Pokhara University, Kaski, Gandaki Province, Nepal, Email ;
| | - Maria Noula
- Department of Life and Health Sciences, University of Nicosia, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Zoe Roupa
- Department of Life and Health Sciences, University of Nicosia, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Edna N Yamasaki
- Department of Life and Health Sciences, University of Nicosia, Nicosia, Cyprus
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25
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Fendereski A, Hajizadeh E, Haghighat S, Rasekhi A. Long-term outcomes of non-metastatic breast cancer patients by molecular subtypes. BMC Womens Health 2022; 22:268. [PMID: 35787692 PMCID: PMC9254545 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-022-01846-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Today, with the progress of medical sciences, increasing the cure probability and survival time is an important goal of cancer treatment. This study compared long-term disease-free survival (DFS) of non-metastatic breast cancer patients based on different molecular subtypes. Methods This retrospective cohort study consisted of 1287 patients diagnosed with breast cancer and treated at Motamed Cancer Institute from 2000 to 2016 and followed up until 2018. Kaplan–Meier curve was fitted to data based on molecular subtypes. Then the semi-parametric mixture cure model was applied to determine the survival and cure probability of molecular subtypes by adjusting clinical and demographic factors. Results Among 1287 breast cancer patients, 200 (15.5%) cases died. The mean age of patients was 47.00 ± 10.72 years. Women with the HR+/HER2-subtype had the best 5-year survival rate (84.2%), whereas other subtypes had a lower rate as follows: HR+/HER2+ (77.3%), triple-negative (76.5%), and HR−/HER2+ (62.3%). Kaplan–Meier curve calculated a cure rate of about 60% and patients who survived more than 150 months were intuitively considered cured. After adjustment for clinical and demographic variables, the cure probability of HR−/Her2+ patients was substantially lower than HR+/HER2– patients (OR = 0.22), though there were no significant variations in short-term DFS based on molecular subtypes (HR = 0.91). Conclusions Our results confirm that the most prevalent breast cancer was HR+/HER2− tumor type which had the best prognosis. It is also concluded that HR−/HER2+ patients had the worst outcomes, with the highest rates of recurrence and metastasis and the lowest overall and disease-free survival rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afsaneh Fendereski
- Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Hajizadeh
- Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Shahpar Haghighat
- Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Aliakbar Rasekhi
- Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
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26
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Rajput PK, Sharma JR, Yadav UCS. Cellular and molecular insights into the roles of visfatin in breast cancer cells plasticity programs. Life Sci 2022; 304:120706. [PMID: 35691376 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Obesity has reached a pandemic proportion and is responsible for the augmentation of multimorbidity including certain cancers. With the rise in obesity amongst the female population globally, a concomitant increase in breast cancer (BC) incidence and related mortality has been observed. In the present review, we have elucidated the cellular and molecular insight into the visfatin-mediated cellular plasticity programs such as Epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) and Endothelial to mesenchymal transition (EndoMT), and stemness-associated changes in BC cells. EMT and EndoMT are responsible for inducing metastasis in cancer cells and conferring chemotherapy resistance, immune escape, and infinite growth potential. Visfatin, an obesity-associated adipokine implicated in metabolic syndrome, has emerged as a central player in BC pathogenesis. Several studies have indicated the presence of visfatin in the tumor microenvironment (TME) where it augments EMT and EndoMT of BC cells. Further, Visfatin also modulates the TME by acting on the tumor stroma cells such as adipocytes, infiltrated immune cells, and adipose-associated stem cells that secrete factors such as cytokines, and extracellular vesicles responsible for augmenting cellular plasticity program. Visfatin induced altered metabolism of the cancer cells and molecular determinants such as non-coding RNAs involved in EMT and EndoMT have been discussed. We have also highlighted specific therapeutic targets that can be exploited for the development of effective BC treatment. Taken together, these advanced understandings of cellular and molecular insight into the visfatin-mediated cellular plasticity programs may stimulate the development of better approaches for the prevention and therapy of BC, especially in obese patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pradeep Kumar Rajput
- School of Life Sciences, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382030, India
| | - Jiten R Sharma
- School of Life Sciences, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382030, India
| | - Umesh C S Yadav
- Special Center for Molecular medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India.
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27
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Wang X, Cao X, Wu Y, Chen T. MAP7 promotes proliferation and migration of breast cancer cells and reduces the sensitivity of breast cancer cells to paclitaxel. J Chemother 2022:1-9. [PMID: 35657774 DOI: 10.1080/1120009x.2022.2082349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is a common malignancy that severely threatens women's mental health and lives. The paclitaxel-resistant breast cancer cells were established through a continuous stimulation with paclitaxel in a stepwise escalating concentration manner. The expression of MAP7 was detected by RT-P CR and western blot. The annexin V staining assay was used to measure the cell apoptosis ratio. The expression of cell invasive ability and apoptosis-related proteins was detected by western blot assay. The cellular motility was tested via transwell and wound healing assays. This study indicated that the MAP7 expression was upregulated in breast cancer cells and paclitaxel-resistant breast cancer cells. Moreover, downregulating MAP7 not only suppressed cell viability, motility and invasion, but also enhanced cellular apoptosis in paclitaxel-resistant breast cancer cells. In summary, this study investigated the effect of MAP7 protein on cell critical physiological function, which provided a novel potential target for treating paclitaxel-resistant breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Rui'an People's Hospital and The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Rui'an, China
| | - Xuezhen Cao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Rui'an People's Hospital and The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Rui'an, China
| | - Youyi Wu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Rui'an People's Hospital and The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Rui'an, China
| | - Tingting Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Rui'an People's Hospital and The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Rui'an, China
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28
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Chang WT, Chen PW, Lin HW, Kuo YH, Lin SH, Li YH. Risks of Aromatase Inhibitor-Related Cardiotoxicity in Patients with Breast Cancer in Asia. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14030508. [PMID: 35158776 PMCID: PMC8833815 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14030508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary In Asian breast cancer patients, whether the risks of major adverse cardio- and cerebrovascular events (MACCEs) are different between users of aromatase inhibitors (AIs) and selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) remains uncertain. In this nationwide cohort study, the risks of MACCEs were significantly higher in users of SERMs compared with users of AIs in those who were at an old age (above 50 years old) or with advanced cancer stage (stage 3–4). Although the choice of hormone therapies is primarily based on the effectiveness regarding cancer survival, AI treatment should be considered for patients for whom the benefits outweigh the risks. Abstract Background: Despite a preferred endocrine therapy for women with estrogen and progesterone receptor-positive breast cancer, aromatase inhibitors (AIs) have been reported to increase risks of cardiovascular events. Given that breast cancer patients in Asia are younger at diagnosis, it is urgent to investigate this safety concern. Methods: Through the Taiwanese National Cohort, we identified breast cancer patients initiating selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) or AIs from 2010 to 2016. Outcomes includes major adverse cardio- and cerebrovascular events (MACCEs). The average follow-up duration was five years. Results: We identified 16,730 breast cancer patients treated with SERMs and 11,728 receiving AIs. The population was older and had more comorbidities in the AI group than in the SERM group. After adjusting for age, cancer stage, cancer therapies, cardiovascular drugs and comorbidities, despite similar risks of MACCEs between AI and SERM users, the risk of HF was significantly higher in patients treated with SERMs after adjusted mortality as a competing risk. When divided by the age of 50 years, despite a similar MACCEs in the younger population, MACCEs remained significantly higher in the older population who received SERMs. Conclusions: In this Asian cohort, we found that among patients of old age or with advanced cancer stage, the use of SERMs was associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular events than the use of AIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Ting Chang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan 710402, Taiwan;
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701401, Taiwan;
- Department of Biotechnology, Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Tainan 710301, Taiwan
| | - Po-Wei Chen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701401, Taiwan;
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701401, Taiwan;
| | - Hui-Wen Lin
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701401, Taiwan;
- Biostatistics Consulting Center, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701401, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsuan Kuo
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan 710402, Taiwan;
| | - Sheng-Hsiang Lin
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701401, Taiwan;
- Biostatistics Consulting Center, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701401, Taiwan
- Department of Public Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701401, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (S.-H.L.); (Y.-H.L.); Tel.: +886-6-2353535 (ext. 5962) (S.-H.L.); +886-6-2353535 (ext. 2389) (Y.-H.L.); Fax: +886-6-2753834 (Y.-H.L.)
| | - Yi-Heng Li
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701401, Taiwan;
- Correspondence: (S.-H.L.); (Y.-H.L.); Tel.: +886-6-2353535 (ext. 5962) (S.-H.L.); +886-6-2353535 (ext. 2389) (Y.-H.L.); Fax: +886-6-2753834 (Y.-H.L.)
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29
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Fanelli GN, Scarpitta R, Cinacchi P, Fuochi B, Szumera-Ciećkiewicz A, De Ieso K, Ferrari P, Fontana A, Miccoli M, Naccarato AG, Scatena C. Immunohistochemistry for Thymidine Kinase-1 (TK1): A Potential Tool for the Prognostic Stratification of Breast Cancer Patients. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10225416. [PMID: 34830698 PMCID: PMC8623797 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10225416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most frequent non-cutaneous malignancy in women. Histological grade, expression of estrogen and progesterone receptors (ER and PgR), overexpression/amplification of the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) oncogene, and proliferative activity measured with ki-67 provide important information on the biological features of BC and guide treatment choices. However, a biomarker that allows a more accurate prognostic stratification is still lacking. Thymidine kinase-1 (TK1), a ubiquitous enzyme involved in the pyrimidine nucleotide recovery pathway, is a cell-proliferation marker with potential prognostic and predictive impacts in BC. Eighty (80) cases of invasive BC with a long-term follow-up were retrospectively selected, and clinicopathological data were collected for each patient. TK1 tissue expression was evaluated immunohistochemically. Data suggested that TK1 expression levels are positively correlated with ER and PgR expression, and negatively correlated with HER2 status and the impact on patients’ distant recurrence-free survival (DRFS): in detail, among patients undergoing adjuvant chemotherapy, lower TK1 levels are correlated with better DRFS. Therefore, these results contribute to furthering the knowledge of TK1, suggesting a possible and important role of this enzyme as a biomarker in the stratification of BC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Nicolò Fanelli
- Division of Pathology, Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (G.N.F.); (R.S.); (B.F.); (A.G.N.)
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Pisa University Hospital, 56126 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Rosa Scarpitta
- Division of Pathology, Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (G.N.F.); (R.S.); (B.F.); (A.G.N.)
| | - Paola Cinacchi
- Unit of Oncology 1, Department of Medical and Oncological Area, Pisa University Hospital, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (P.C.); (P.F.)
- Unit of Oncology 2, Department of Medical and Oncological Area, Pisa University Hospital, 56126 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Beatrice Fuochi
- Division of Pathology, Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (G.N.F.); (R.S.); (B.F.); (A.G.N.)
| | - Anna Szumera-Ciećkiewicz
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Diagnostics, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland;
- Department of Diagnostic Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katia De Ieso
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Pisa University Hospital, 56126 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Paola Ferrari
- Unit of Oncology 1, Department of Medical and Oncological Area, Pisa University Hospital, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (P.C.); (P.F.)
| | - Andrea Fontana
- Unit of Oncology 2, Department of Medical and Oncological Area, Pisa University Hospital, 56126 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Mario Miccoli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Antonio Giuseppe Naccarato
- Division of Pathology, Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (G.N.F.); (R.S.); (B.F.); (A.G.N.)
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Pisa University Hospital, 56126 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Cristian Scatena
- Division of Pathology, Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (G.N.F.); (R.S.); (B.F.); (A.G.N.)
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Pisa University Hospital, 56126 Pisa, Italy;
- Correspondence:
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Lee J, Kim SH, Kang BJ, Lee A, Park WC, Hwang J. Imaging characteristics of young age breast cancer (YABC) focusing on pathologic correlation and disease recurrence. Sci Rep 2021; 11:20205. [PMID: 34642389 PMCID: PMC8511101 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-99600-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to investigate imaging characteristics of young age breast cancer (YABC) focusing on correlation with pathologic factors and association with disease recurrence. From January 2017 to December 2019, patients under 40 years old who were diagnosed as breast cancer were enrolled in this study. Morphologic analysis of tumor and multiple quantitative parameters were obtained from pre-treatment dynamic contrast enhanced breast magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI). Tumor-stroma ratio (TSR), microvessel density (MVD) and endothelial Notch 1 (EC Notch 1) were investigated for correlation with imaging parameters. In addition, recurrence associated factors were assessed using both clinico-pathologic factors and imaging parameters. A total of 53 patients were enrolled. Several imaging parameters derived from apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) histogram showed negative correlation with TSR; and there was negative correlation between MVD and Ve in perfusion analysis. There were nine cases of recurrences with median interval of 16 months. Triple negative subtype and low CD34 MVD positivity in Notch 1 hotspots showed significant association with tumor recurrence. Texture parameters reflecting tumor sphericity and homogeneity were also associated with disease recurrence. In conclusion, several quantitative MRI parameters can be used as imaging biomarkers for tumor microenvironment and can predict disease recurrence in YABC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeongmin Lee
- Department of Radiology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Hun Kim
- Department of Radiology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea.
| | - Bong Joo Kang
- Department of Radiology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Ahwon Lee
- Department of Hospital Pathology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo-Chan Park
- Division of Breast-Thyroid Surgery, Department of Surgery, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinwoo Hwang
- Philips Healthcare Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Chowdhury SH, Banu B, Akter N, Hossain SM. Unmet supportive care needs and predictor of breast cancer patients in Bangladesh: A cross-sectional study. J Oncol Pharm Pract 2021; 28:1687-1695. [PMID: 34590516 DOI: 10.1177/10781552211039114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer survivor goes through a period of needs in their post-treatment daily life. Relatively few studies have been conducted to understand the unmet needs among breast cancer survivors in Bangladesh. Recognize and measure patterns and predictors of unmet needs of breast cancer patients was the aim of the study. OBJECTIVE To identify and measure patterns and predictors of unmet needs of breast cancer patients in Bangladesh. METHOD A cross-sectional study among 138 breast cancer patients; conveniently selected from two public and two private cancer institutes. Face-to-face interview for data collection and medical record review for checklist was done. Unmet needs have been determined by the supportive care needs survey short form 34 scale. Logistic regression analyses were performed to identify the predictors of unmet needs. RESULTS The study indicated the top 10 moderate-to-high needs; among which the top five needs were from the information need domain. Surprisingly, private cancer treatment centers were identified as a significant predictor for unmet needs. Patients from private cancer institutes reported more explanation needs as well as needs with their physical and daily living and sexuality. Furthermore, the type of treatment like patient receiving combine treatment therapy reported more need for help compared to the patient receiving chemotherapy alone. Moreover, housewives reported the low need for patient care and support systems as a result of their reluctant behavior towards their health. CONCLUSION Individual's unmet need assessment should be a part of every treatment protocol of breast cancer for a better treatment outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujana H Chowdhury
- Department of Public Health, 202567Northern University Bangladesh, Bangladesh
| | - Bilkis Banu
- Department of Public Health, 202567Northern University Bangladesh, Bangladesh
| | - Nasrin Akter
- Department of Public Health, 202567Northern University Bangladesh, Bangladesh
| | - Sarder M Hossain
- Department of Public Health, 202567Northern University Bangladesh, Bangladesh
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Chandra Doval D, Mehta A, Somashekhar SP, Gunda A, Singh G, Bal A, Khare S, Prakash V Serkad C, Adinarayan M, Krishnamoorthy N, Vijay DG, Anantakrishnan R, Bhattacharyya GS, Bakre MM. The usefulness of CanAssist breast in the assessment of recurrence risk in patients of ethnic Indian origin. Breast 2021; 59:1-7. [PMID: 34098459 PMCID: PMC8187842 DOI: 10.1016/j.breast.2021.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Accurate recurrence risk assessment in hormone receptor positive, HER2/neu negative breast cancer is critical to plan precise therapy. CanAssist Breast (CAB) assesses recurrence risk based on tumor biology using artificial intelligence-based approach. We report CAB risk assessment correlating with disease outcomes in multiple clinically high- and low-risk subgroups. In this retrospective cohort of 925 patients [median age-54 (22–86)] CAB had hazard ratio (HR) of 3 (1.83–5.21) and 2.5 (1.45–4.29), P = 0.0009) in univariate and multivariate analysis. CAB's HR in sub-groups with the other determinants of outcome, T2 (HR: 2.79 (1.49–5.25), P = 0.0001); age [< 50 (HR: 3.14 (1.39–7), P = 0.0008)]. Besides application in node-negative patients, CAB's HR was 2.45 (1.34–4.47), P = 0.0023) in node-positive patients. In clinically low-risk patients (N0 tumors up to 5 cms) (HR: 2.48 (0.79–7.8), P = 0.03) and with luminal-A characteristics (HR: 4.54 (1–19.75), P = 0.004), CAB identified >16% as high-risk with recurrence rates of up to 12%. In clinically high-risk patients (T2N1 tumors (HR: 2.65 (1.31–5.36), P = 0.003; low-risk DMFS: 92.66 ± 1.88) and in women with luminal-B characteristics (HR: 3.24; (1.69–6.22), P < 0.0001; low-risk DMFS: 93.34 ± 1.34)), CAB identified >64% as low-risk. Thus, CAB prognostication was significant in women with clinically low- and high-risk disease. The data imply the use of CAB for providing helpful information to stratify tumors based on biology incorporated with clinical features for Indian patients, which can be extrapolated to regions with similarly characterized patients, South-East Asia. Prospective analysis of CAB prognostication in a retrospective cohort of ethnic Indian origin. CAB based prognostication was significant in women aged above and below 50 years. In clinically high-risk and women with luminal B features greater numbers were low-risk. In clinically low-risk and women with luminal A features greater numbers were high-risk.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - S P Somashekhar
- Manipal Hospital and Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Aparna Gunda
- OncoStem Diagnostics, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Gurpreet Singh
- Post-Graduation Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Amanjit Bal
- Post-Graduation Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Siddhant Khare
- Post-Graduation Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
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Al-Azri M, Al-Baimani K, Al-Awaisi H, Al-Mandhari Z, Al-Khamayasi J, Al-Lawati Y, Panchatcharam SM. Knowledge of symptoms, time to presentation and barriers to medical help-seeking among Omani women diagnosed with breast cancer: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e043976. [PMID: 33478965 PMCID: PMC7825262 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-043976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify knowledge of breast cancer (BC) symptoms, time taken to consult a doctor and factors contributing to delays in medical help-seeking. DESIGN A cross-sectional study of Omani women diagnosed with BC. SETTING The two main teaching hospitals in Oman: Royal Hospital and Sultan Qaboos University Hospital. PARTICIPANTS Adult Omani women recently diagnosed with BC. TOOLS The Breast Module of the Cancer Awareness Measure and the International Cancer Benchmarking Partnership questionnaire were used to collect data. RESULTS A total of 300 women with BC participated (response rate: 91.0%). The mean age at diagnosis was 43.0±12.50 years and 33.5% were diagnosed at stage III or IV. Although most women (74.4%) recognised breast/armpit lumps to be a symptom of BC, less than half identified other symptoms, including breast/armpit pain (44.0%), changes in the position of the nipple (36.2%), redness (31.7%), fatigue (26.3%), weight loss (23.4%) and loss of appetite (20.8%). While most (91.6%) were aware that BC could be cured if detected early, only 66.4% sought medical help within a month of developing symptoms. Initial responses to symptoms included informing husbands (40.2%) or family members (36.5%). Barriers to seeking medical help included feeling scared (68.9%) and worried about what the doctor might find (62.8%). Highly educated women were more likely to recognise the following as BC symptoms: changes in nipple position (OR: 0.16, 95% CI 0.03 to 0.81), breast pain (OR: 0.10, 95% CI 0.01 to 0.86) and unexplained weight loss (OR: 0.18, 95% CI 0.04 to 0.88) (all p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Although many Omani women with BC were aware of the importance of early diagnosis, most demonstrated inadequate knowledge of symptoms, did not prioritise seeking medical help and reported emotional barriers to help-seeking. More educational measures are needed to improve symptom recognition and address help-seeking barriers to minimise delays in diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Al-Azri
- Family Medicine and Public Health, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | - Khalid Al-Baimani
- Oncology Unit, Department of Medicine, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | - Huda Al-Awaisi
- Nursing Directorate, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | | | - Jasem Al-Khamayasi
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | - Yaseen Al-Lawati
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
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Miricescu D, Totan A, Stanescu-Spinu II, Badoiu SC, Stefani C, Greabu M. PI3K/AKT/mTOR Signaling Pathway in Breast Cancer: From Molecular Landscape to Clinical Aspects. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 22:E173. [PMID: 33375317 PMCID: PMC7796017 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 332] [Impact Index Per Article: 83.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is a serious health problem worldwide, representing the second cause of death through malignancies among women in developed countries. Population, endogenous and exogenous hormones, and physiological, genetic and breast-related factors are involved in breast cancer pathogenesis. The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a signaling pathway involved in cell proliferation, survival, invasion, migration, apoptosis, glucose metabolism and DNA repair. In breast tumors, PIK3CA somatic mutations have been reported, located in exon 9 and exon 20. Up to 40% of PIK3CA mutations are estrogen receptor (ER) positive and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) -negative in primary and metastatic breast cancer. HER2 is overexpressed in 20-30% of breast cancers. HER1, HER2, HER3 and HER4 are membrane receptor tyrosine kinases involved in HER signaling to which various ligands can be attached, leading to PI3K/AKT activation. Currently, clinical studies evaluate inhibitors of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR axis. The main purpose of this review is to present general aspects of breast cancer, the components of the AKT signaling pathway, the factors that activate this protein kinase B, PI3K/AKT-breast cancer mutations, PI3K/AKT/mTOR-inhibitors, and the relationship between everolimus, temsirolimus and endocrine therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Miricescu
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Eroii Sanitari Blvd, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (D.M.); (A.T.); (M.G.)
| | - Alexandra Totan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Eroii Sanitari Blvd, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (D.M.); (A.T.); (M.G.)
| | - Iulia-Ioana Stanescu-Spinu
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Eroii Sanitari Blvd, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (D.M.); (A.T.); (M.G.)
| | - Silviu Constantin Badoiu
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Eroii Sanitari Blvd, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Constantin Stefani
- Department of Family Medicine and Clinical Base, Dr. Carol Davila Central Military Emergency University Hospital, 134 Calea Plevnei, 010825 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Maria Greabu
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Eroii Sanitari Blvd, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (D.M.); (A.T.); (M.G.)
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Thakur P, Seam RK, Gupta MK, Gupta M, Sharma M, Fotedar V. Breast cancer risk factor evaluation in a Western Himalayan state: A case-control study and comparison with the Western World. South Asian J Cancer 2020; 6:106-109. [PMID: 28975116 PMCID: PMC5615877 DOI: 10.4103/sajc.sajc_157_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Context: Breast cancer incidence is increasing rapidly in India. The lifestyle, built, genetic makeup, reproductive and breastfeeding patterns are quite different in Indian females when compared to the Western population. Generalizing the Western data to the population residing in the Himalayan region would breed inaccuracies. Aim: The aim of our study was to identify risk factors in our own population in a Western Himalayan state of Himachal Pradesh, India. Subjects and Methods: A case–control study with 377 cases of invasive breast cancer and 346 hospital-based controls was conducted for 1 year. The data were collected by interviewing the individuals during their visit to hospital using a questionnaire. The data were analyzed using standard statistical techniques using SPSS version 17 software. Results: Factors found to have strong association with invasive breast cancer on multivariate analysis are late age at first childbirth >30 years, which is the strongest risk factor associated, late age of menopause > 50 years, high socioeconomic class, and age of female above 50 years. Conclusion: In our females, age >50 years, late age of menopause (>50 years), late age at first childbirth (>30 years), and high socioeconomic status were found to be major risk factors associated with breast cancer. Several factors implicated in the Western data were not found to be significant in our study. We need to identify such aspects in reproductive and breastfeeding patterns of women and spread awareness regarding the same.
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Affiliation(s)
- Purnima Thakur
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Regional Cancer Centre, Indira Gandhi Medical College, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Rajeev Kumar Seam
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Regional Cancer Centre, Indira Gandhi Medical College, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Manoj K Gupta
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Regional Cancer Centre, Indira Gandhi Medical College, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Manish Gupta
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Regional Cancer Centre, Indira Gandhi Medical College, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Mukesh Sharma
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Regional Cancer Centre, Indira Gandhi Medical College, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Vikas Fotedar
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Regional Cancer Centre, Indira Gandhi Medical College, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India
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Hussain A, Bourguet-Kondracki ML, Hussain F, Rauf A, Ibrahim M, Khalid M, Hussain H, Hussain J, Ali I, Khalil AA, Alhumaydhi FA, Khan M, Hussain R, Rengasamy KRR. The potential role of dietary plant ingredients against mammary cancer: a comprehensive review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2020; 62:2580-2605. [DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1855413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amjad Hussain
- Department of Chemistry, University of Okara, Okara, Pakistan
- Laboratoire Molécules de Communication et Adaptation des Micro-organismes, UMR 7245 MNHN-CNRS, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Marie-Lise Bourguet-Kondracki
- Laboratoire Molécules de Communication et Adaptation des Micro-organismes, UMR 7245 MNHN-CNRS, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France
| | - Farhad Hussain
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Abdur Rauf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Swabi, Swabi, Anbar, Khyber Pukhtanuk (KP), Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ibrahim
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Khalid
- Department of Chemistry, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering & Information Technology, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Hidayat Hussain
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Halle (Salle), Germany
| | - Javid Hussain
- Department of Biological Sciences & Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Iftikhar Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Karakoram International University, Gilgit, Pakistan
| | - Anees Ahmed Khalil
- University Institute of Diet and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Fahad A. Alhumaydhi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Khan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Okara, Okara, Pakistan
| | - Riaz Hussain
- Department of Chemistry, University of Okara, Okara, Pakistan
| | - Kannan R. R. Rengasamy
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam
- Faculty of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam
- Indigenous Knowledge Systems Centre, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University, Mmabatho, South Africa
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A multi-country comparison of stochastic models of breast cancer mortality with P-splines smoothing approach. BMC Med Res Methodol 2020; 20:299. [PMID: 33297980 PMCID: PMC7727112 DOI: 10.1186/s12874-020-01187-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Precise predictions of incidence and mortality rates due to breast cancer (BC) are required for planning of public health programs as well as for clinical services. A number of approaches has been established for prediction of mortality using stochastic models. The performance of these models intensely depends on different patterns shown by mortality data in different countries. METHODS The BC mortality data is retrieved from the Global burden of disease (GBD) study 2017 database. This study include BC mortality rates from 1990 to 2017, with ages 20 to 80+ years old women, for different Asian countries. Our study extend the current literature on Asian BC mortality data, on both the number of considered stochastic mortality models and their rigorous evaluation using multivariate Diebold-Marino test and by range of graphical analysis for multiple countries. RESULTS Study findings reveal that stochastic smoothed mortality models based on functional data analysis generally outperform on quadratic structure of BC mortality rates than the other lee-carter models, both in term of goodness of fit and on forecast accuracy. Besides, smoothed lee carter (SLC) model outperform the functional demographic model (FDM) in case of symmetric structure of BC mortality rates, and provides almost comparable results to FDM in within and outside data forecast accuracy for heterogeneous set of BC mortality rates. CONCLUSION Considering the SLC model in comparison to the other can be obliging to forecast BC mortality and life expectancy at birth, since it provides even better results in some cases. In the current situation, we can assume that there is no single model, which can truly outperform all the others on every population. Therefore, we also suggest generating BC mortality forecasts using multiple models rather than relying upon any single model.
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Momenimovahed Z, Tiznobaik A, Taheri S, Hassanipour S, Salehiniya H. A review of barriers and facilitators to mammography in Asian women. Ecancermedicalscience 2020; 14:1146. [PMID: 33343705 PMCID: PMC7738271 DOI: 10.3332/ecancer.2020.1146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women in Asia and one of the major health problems in most countries in the region. Despite extensive advances in treatment, early diagnosis is one of the main methods for increasing the survival rate. It is necessary to evaluate the barriers and facilitators of screening in different societies. This study was conducted to identify the barriers and facilitators of mammography in Asia. Materials and methods To identify the barriers and facilitators of mammography in Asia, a comprehensive search was carried out in databases such as Medline, Web of Science Core Collection and Scopus using keywords, including breast cancer, screening, mammography, barriers, facilitators and the names of each Asian country, as well as a combination of these keywords were used to help the search. Full-text, English language and original articles were included in this study. Results In total, 71 articles were entered into the study. The findings of this study revealed various barriers to mammography in Asian women, including knowledge, sociodemographic factors, cost and insurance, cultural factors, belief, attitude and feeling, fear, pain and embarrassment, self-efficacy, religious, psychological factors, time constraint, fatalism, professional recommendations, communication, social support and access. Also, knowledge, attitude and belief, perceived risk, professional and social factors were found to be facilitators of mammography. Conclusion Knowing the barriers and facilitators to access mammography is the first step in the development of a successful screening program. Awareness and various personal, professional and social factors have emerged as the major barriers to access to mammography in most Asian countries.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Soheil Hassanipour
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Hamid Salehiniya
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
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Validation of Clinical Treatment Score post-5 years (CTS5) risk stratification in premenopausal breast cancer patients and Ki-67 labelling index. Sci Rep 2020; 10:16850. [PMID: 33033359 PMCID: PMC7546620 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-74055-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to validate the Clinical Treatment Score post-5 years (CTS5)-based risk stratification in a cohort comprising pre- and postmenopausal patients with estrogen receptor (ER)–positive breast cancer. We investigated the clinicopathologic parameters including Ki-67 labelling index (LI) to identify factors affecting late distant recurrence (DR). Women with ER-positive breast cancer who were free of DR for 5 years were identified between January 2004 and December 2009. We investigated the risk of late DR (5–10 years) according to the CTS5 risk group. Cox regression analysis was used to determine the prognostic performance of CTS5 and identify factors associated with late DR. In all, 680 women were included. Of these, 379 (55.7%) were premenopausal and 301 (44.3%) were postmenopausal. At a median follow-up of 118 months, 32 women had late DR. CTS5 was a significant prognostic factor for late DR in both pre- and postmenopausal women. In the low CTS5 group, high Ki-67 LI (> 20%) was a significant risk factor for late DR. CTS5 is a useful tool for assessing the risk of late DR in pre- and postmenopausal women with ER-positive breast cancer. Extended endocrine therapy can be considered in patients with high Ki-67 LI (> 20%) in the low CTS5 group.
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A Study of Relationship Between Breast Cancer Mortality Rate and Human Development Index: Global Trend Analysis from 1990 to 2017. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER MANAGEMENT 2020. [DOI: 10.5812/ijcm.101813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background: Female breast cancer is known as one of the top five cancers in terms of mortality. Regarding contradictory reports about the mortality trend of this cancer and its association with the socio-economic status of the world countries, we aimed at assessing the global trend of female breast cancer mortality rate and investigate the relationship between its mortality rate and development status. Methods: The breast cancer Age Standardized Mortality Rate (ASMR) per 100,000 and Human Development Index (HDI) for 179 world countries were extracted, respectively from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2017 study and the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) database, for the period 1990 to 2017. The marginal modeling methodology was employed to analyze the global trend of ASMR and examine the relationship between ASMR and HDI. Results: The results showed a slightly constant curve for the global trend of breast cancer ASMR from 1990 to 2017 (around 17 per 100,000). Moreover, it was indicated that the ASMR is strongly related to development status. While countries with higher levels of HDI have experienced a declining trend of breast cancer mortality rate, countries with lower HDI levels experienced an ascending trend at this period. Conclusions: In general, the findings showed that mortality due to breast cancer is still a major health problem in total world countries. Hence, more efforts should be made to screen the patients in the early stages of the disease and promote the level of care, especially in countries with lower levels of economic development.
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Vijaykumar DK, Arun S, Abraham AG, Hopman W, Robinson AG, Booth CM. Breast Cancer Care in South India: Is Practice Concordant With National Guidelines? J Glob Oncol 2020; 5:1-7. [PMID: 31260396 PMCID: PMC6613671 DOI: 10.1200/jgo.19.00052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The National Cancer Grid (NCG) of India has recently published clinical practice guidelines that are relevant in the Indian context. We evaluated the extent to which breast cancer care at a teaching hospital in South India was concordant with NCG guidelines. METHODS All patients who had surgery for breast cancer at a single center from January 2014 to December 2015 were included. Demographic, pathologic, and treatment characteristics were extracted from the electronic medical record. Patients were classified as being concordant with six elements selected from the NCG guideline. The indicators related to appropriate use of sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy, lymph node harvest, adjuvant radiotherapy, adjuvant chemotherapy, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) testing, and delivery of adjuvant trastuzumab. RESULTS A total of 401 women underwent surgery for breast cancer; mean age (standard deviation) was 57 (12) years. Lymph node involvement was present in 47% (188 of 401) of the cohort; 23% (94 of 401) had T1 disease. Ninety-two percent (368 of 401) underwent radical modified mastectomy. SLN biopsy was performed in 75% (167 of 222) of eligible patients. Eighty percent (208 of 261) of patients with a positive SLN biopsy or no SLN biopsy had a lymph node harvest of more than 10. Adjuvant chemotherapy with an anthracycline and a taxane was delivered to 67% of patients (118 of 177) with node-positive disease. Adjuvant radiotherapy was delivered to 84% (180 of 213) of patients with breast-conserving surgery, T4 tumors, or 3+ positive lymph nodes. Fluorescent in situ hybridization testing was performed in 59% of patients (43 of 73) with 2+ HER2-positive lymph nodes on immunohistochemistry. Among patients with HER2 overexpression, 40% (36 of 91) received adjuvant trastuzumab. CONCLUSION Concordance with NCG guidelines for breast cancer care ranged from 40% to 84%. Guideline concordance was lowest for those elements of care associated with the highest direct costs to patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- D K Vijaykumar
- Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Cochin, India
| | - Sujana Arun
- Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Cochin, India
| | - Aswin G Abraham
- Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Cochin, India
| | - Wilma Hopman
- Kingston General Hospital Research Institute, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.,Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Andrew G Robinson
- Queen's University Cancer Research Institute, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.,Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Christopher M Booth
- Queen's University Cancer Research Institute, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.,Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
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Lin CH, Yap YS, Lee KH, Yeo W, Ueno T, Li H, Huang SM, Lu YS. Response to Sung, Rosenberg, and Yang. J Natl Cancer Inst 2020; 112:547-548. [PMID: 31545369 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djz191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kyung-Hun Lee
- Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Winnie Yeo
- Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | | | - Huiping Li
- Peking University Cancer Hospital, Beijing, China
| | | | - Yen-Shen Lu
- National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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Mubarik S, Wang F, Fawad M, Wang Y, Ahmad I, Yu C. Trends and Projections in Breast Cancer Mortality among four Asian countries (1990-2017): Evidence from five Stochastic Mortality Models. Sci Rep 2020; 10:5480. [PMID: 32214176 PMCID: PMC7096499 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-62393-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The current study aimed to explore some important insights into the breast cancer mortality (BCM) trends and projections among four Asian countries by using five advanced stochastic mortality models. BCM data over 28 years from 1990-2017 with ages 20-84 were retrieved from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2017 for four Asian countries, namely, China, India, Pakistan, and Thailand. Five stochastic mortality models with the family of generalized age-period-cohort were implemented to find the present and future BCM trends in these four Asian countries. Based on Cairns-Blake-Dowd (CBD) model and Lee-Carter model (LCM), overall, results revealed that BCM increased with the passage of time. Aging factor was the most influential factor of elevated BCM in each Asian country under consideration. Projection of BCM showed that mortality rates might continue to grow with time, especially in older ages in each Asian country under study. The highest forecasted BCM rates were observed in Pakistan as compared to other countries. The obvious increase in BCM suggested that earlier tactics should be implemented to reduce the subsequent morbidity and mortality due to breast cancer. The last but not least, some additional tactics to mitigate the BCM in older ages must be adopted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumaira Mubarik
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, China
| | - Muhammad Fawad
- Henan Academy of Big Data, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Yafeng Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, China
| | - Ishfaq Ahmad
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Faculty of Basic and Applied Sciences, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Chuanhua Yu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, China.
- Global Health Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, China.
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Frequency of mutations in BRCA genes and other candidate genes in high-risk probands or probands with breast or ovarian cancer in the Czech Republic. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:2763-2769. [PMID: 32180084 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05378-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is currently the most common form of malignant tumour in womenboth in the Czech Republic and in most countries of the western world, and its incidence is constantly increasing. Many risk factors are known to play a major role in the development of this form of cancer. One of them is genetics, especially the BRCA1/2 genes. A higher risk of ovarian cancer is also associated with these genes. With the development of laboratory diagnostics massive parallel sequencing methods (NGS) are now routinely employed, enabling the detection of other pathogenic sequence variants, or variants of uncertain significance (VUS) not previously detected. Besides the high penetrance BRCA1/2 genes, medium and low penetrant genes also come to the fore. There were 2046 probands examined in the study, men and women, mainly from eastern part of the Czech Republic. These were selected for a genetic examination, after meeting indication criteria (probands from high-risk families or with breast or ovarian cancer). From this group only women, 2033 probands, were selected and were given a genetic examination for the possible presence of patogenic sequence variants in BRCA1/2 genes, or other candidate genes. Analyses were conducted in the laboratory using DHPLC or next generation sequencing. MLPA method is used for large rearrangements in genes. From all examined women 212 mutations were detected. The most mutations (128) were found in the BRCA1 gene (60%). In the BRCA2 gene 71 mutations (34%) were found and 13 more mutations (6%) were detected in another candidate genes (CHEK2, PALB2, ERCC4). The most frequent sequence variant was c.5266dupC in the BRCA1 gene. The results show that 72% of women with a confirmed mutation in the BRCA1 gene and 77.5% of women with the sequence variant BRCA2, already had breast cancer and 16.4% of women with BRCA1 and 7% of women with BRCA2 already had ovarian cancer. Only 21 high risk families used the possibility to be tested and had undergone targeted mutation testing. The study results suggest a reflection of the causes and needs for examination of patients and women predisposed to breast or ovarian cancer.
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Fichtali K, Bititi A, Elghanmi A, Ghazi B. Serum Lipidomic Profiling in Breast Cancer to Identify Screening, Diagnostic, and Prognostic Biomarkers. Biores Open Access 2020; 9:1-6. [PMID: 32042507 PMCID: PMC6945794 DOI: 10.1089/biores.2018.0022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the major mortality cause of women worldwide. In the course of management of breast cancer, the identification of a biomarker is important in enhancing our knowledge on cancer pathology, predicting the response to treatment, and selecting the patients who are more favorable to receive certain treatments. These biomarkers have a prognostic value. In addition to traditional breast cancer prognosis factors such as the tumor size and grade, the axillary lymph node micrometastasis, and biomarkers such as HER2/neu, newly discovered biomarkers have been discovered. Some of these factors are genetic signature in tissue or in peripheral blood. Lipid profil, a simple and accessible biological examination, has been a novel path on the prediction of breast cancer risk of occurrence and recurrence in many studies. The main goal of our review is to evaluate lipid profile and breast cancer risk with an emphasis on the prognosis value of lipid profiles in breast cancer patient management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karima Fichtali
- Cheikh Khalifa International Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Mohammed VI University of Health Sciences (UM6SS), Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Amine Bititi
- Cheikh Khalifa International Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Mohammed VI University of Health Sciences (UM6SS), Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Adil Elghanmi
- Cheikh Khalifa International Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Mohammed VI University of Health Sciences (UM6SS), Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Bouchra Ghazi
- National Laboratory of Reference, Faculty of Medicine, Mohammed VI University of Health Sciences (UM6SS), Casablanca, Morocco
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Moosavi F, Giovannetti E, Saso L, Firuzi O. HGF/MET pathway aberrations as diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive biomarkers in human cancers. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci 2019; 56:533-566. [PMID: 31512514 DOI: 10.1080/10408363.2019.1653821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is a major cause of death worldwide. MET tyrosine kinase receptor [MET, c-MET, hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) receptor] pathway activation is associated with the appearance of several hallmarks of cancer. The HGF/MET pathway has emerged as an important actionable target across many solid tumors; therefore, biomarker discovery becomes essential in order to guide clinical intervention and patient stratification with the aim of moving towards personalized medicine. The focus of this review is on how the aberrant activation of the HGF/MET pathway in tumor tissue or the circulation can provide diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers and predictive biomarkers of drug response. Many meta-analyses have shown that aberrant activation of the MET pathway in tumor tissue, including MET gene overexpression, gene amplification, exon 14 skipping and other activating mutations, is almost invariably associated with shorter survival and poor prognosis. Most meta-analyses have been performed in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), breast, head and neck cancers as well as colorectal, gastric, pancreatic and other gastrointestinal cancers. Furthermore, several studies have shown the predictive value of MET biomarkers in the identification of patients who gain the most benefit from HGF/MET targeted therapies administered as single or combination therapies. The highest predictive values have been observed for response to foretinib and savolitinib in renal cancer, as well as tivantinib in NSCLC and colorectal cancer. However, some studies, especially those based on MET expression, have failed to show much value in these stratifications. This may be rooted in lack of standardization of methodologies, in particular in scoring systems applied in immunohistochemistry determinations or absence of oncogenic addiction of cancer cells to the MET pathway, despite detection of overexpression. Measurements of amplification and mutation aberrations are less likely to suffer from these pitfalls. Increased levels of MET soluble ectodomain (sMET) in circulation have also been associated with poor prognosis; however, the evidence is not as strong as it is with tissue-based biomarkers. As a diagnostic biomarker, sMET has shown its value in distinguishing cancer patients from healthy individuals in prostate and bladder cancers and in melanoma. On the other hand, increased circulating HGF has also been presented as a valuable prognostic and diagnostic biomarker in many cancers; however, there is controversy on the predictive value of HGF as a biomarker. Other biomarkers such as circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) and tumor HGF levels have also been briefly covered. In conclusion, HGF/MET aberrations can provide valuable diagnostic, prognostic and predictive biomarkers and represent vital assets for personalized cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Moosavi
- Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences , Shiraz , Iran
| | - Elisa Giovannetti
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center (VUmc) , Amsterdam , The Netherlands.,Cancer Pharmacology Lab, AIRC Start Up Unit, Fondazione Pisana per la Scienza Onlus , Pisa , Italy
| | - Luciano Saso
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, "Vittorio Erspamer," Sapienza University , Rome , Italy
| | - Omidreza Firuzi
- Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences , Shiraz , Iran
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Talib Z, Amersi F, Harit A, Saleh M. Promoting Breast Cancer Awareness and Clinical Breast Examination in the LMIC: Experiences from Tajikistan, Pakistan and Kenya. CURRENT BREAST CANCER REPORTS 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s12609-019-00321-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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48
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Yeo W, Ueno T, Lin CH, Liu Q, Lee KH, Leung R, Naito Y, Park YH, Im SA, Li H, Yap YS, Lu YS. Treating HR+/HER2− breast cancer in premenopausal Asian women: Asian Breast Cancer Cooperative Group 2019 Consensus and position on ovarian suppression. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2019; 177:549-559. [DOI: 10.1007/s10549-019-05318-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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49
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Hurst CP, Promthet S, Rakkapao N. Factors Associated with Breast Cancer Awareness in Thai Women. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2019; 20:1825-1831. [PMID: 31244306 PMCID: PMC7021603 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2019.20.6.1825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide. In south-east Asia, both the incidence and mortality rates of breast cancer are on the rise, and the latter is likely due to the limited access to large-scale community screening program in these resource-limited countries. Breast cancer awareness is an important tool which may, through increasing breast self-examination and the seeking of clinical examination, reduce breast cancer mortality. Investigating factors associated with breast cancer awareness of women is likely to help identify those at risk, and provide insights into developing effective health promotion interventions. Objective: To investigate factors associated with breast cancer awareness in Thai women. Methods: A cross-sectional sample of Thai women aged 20-64 years was collected during August to October, 2015 from two provinces of southern Thailand (Surat Thani and Songkla). A questionnaire including the Breast Cancer Awareness Scale along with demographic characteristics was administered and Proportional Odds Logistic regression was then used to investigate factors associated with breast cancer awareness. Results: In total, 660 Thai women participated in this study. Factors most often associated with the various breast cancer awareness domains were age and rurality. While rural women had poorer knowledge of breast cancer signs and symptoms, they also had lower levels of perceived barriers and considerably better breast cancer awareness behaviors. Conclusion: Despite lower knowledge of breast cancer risk factors and no evidence of better knowledge of signs and symptoms, we found rural Thai women had considerably better breast cancer awareness behavior. This may be due to these women’s lower levels of perceived barriers to breast cancer screening services. Indeed this suggests, at least in Thai women, that interventions aimed at lowering perceived barriers rather than enhancing disease knowledge may be more successful in engaging women with breast cancer screening services and increasing breast self-examination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cameron Paul Hurst
- QIMR Berghofer medical Research Institute, Queensland, Australia.,Faculty of Public Health, Lampang Campus, Thammasat University, Lampang, Thailand.
| | | | - Nitchamon Rakkapao
- Faculty of Public Health, Lampang Campus, Thammasat University, Lampang, Thailand.
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Sekikawa A, Ihara M, Lopez O, Kakuta C, Lopresti B, Higashiyama A, Aizenstein H, Chang YF, Mathis C, Miyamoto Y, Kuller L, Cui C. Effect of S-equol and Soy Isoflavones on Heart and Brain. Curr Cardiol Rev 2019; 15:114-135. [PMID: 30516108 PMCID: PMC6520578 DOI: 10.2174/1573403x15666181205104717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Revised: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Observational studies in Asia show that dietary intake of soy isoflavones had a significant inverse association with coronary heart disease (CHD). A recent randomized controlled trial (RCT) of soy isoflavones on atherosclerosis in the US, however, failed to show their benefit. The discrepancy may be due to the much lower prevalence of S-equol producers in Westerners: Only 20-30% of Westerners produce S-equol in contrast to 50-70% in Asians. S-equol is a metabolite of dietary soy isoflavone daidzein by gut microbiome and possesses the most antiatherogenic properties among all isoflavones. Several short-duration RCTs documented that soy isoflavones improves arterial stiffness. Accumulating evidence shows that both atherosclerosis and arterial stiffness are positively associated with cognitive decline/dementia. Therefore, potentially, soy isoflavones, especially S-equol, are protective against cognitive decline/dementia. METHODS/RESULTS This narrative review of clinical and epidemiological studies provides an overview of the health benefits of soy isoflavones and introduces S-equol. Second, we review recent evidence on the association of soy isoflavones and S-equol with CHD, atherosclerosis, and arterial stiffness as well as the association of atherosclerosis and arterial stiffness with cognitive decline/ dementia. Third, we highlight recent studies that report the association of soy isoflavones and S-equol with cognitive decline/dementia. Lastly, we discuss the future directions of clinical and epidemiological research on the relationship of S-equol and CHD and dementia. CONCLUSIONS Evidence from observational studies and short-term RCTs suggests that S-equol is anti-atherogenic and improves arterial stiffness and may prevent CHD and cognitive impairment/ dementia. Well-designed long-term (≥ 2years) RCTs should be pursued.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akira Sekikawa
- Address correspondence to this author at the Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, 130 North Bellefield Avenue, Suite 336, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Tel: 412-383-1063; Fax: 412-648-4401;
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