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Kumari S, Kuruvilla Thomas R, Sruthi S, Barani R, Sangvi S, Krishnamoorthy R, Srikanth P. Increased parvovirus B19 seropositivity in healthy blood donors in India. Sci Rep 2024; 14:20497. [PMID: 39227628 PMCID: PMC11372103 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-68095-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/05/2024] Open
Abstract
A core component of every blood program is the supply of safe blood and blood products. The elevated risk of transmission through these products is due to parvovirus B19 (B19V) resistance to the virus inactivation procedures. Our study aimed to screen asymptomatic blood donors for B19V at a tertiary care hospital in Chennai, Tamil Nadu, between September 2020 and June 2021. Sera from 106 healthy blood donors who tested negative for Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), Hepatitis C virus (HCV), syphilis, and malaria were tested for anti-B19V IgM and IgG using a qualitative indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In the study population, 23.5% (n = 25) of donors tested IgM positive, 38.6% (n = 41) tested IgG positive, and 7.5% (n = 8) tested positive for both IgM and IgG. A proportion of 61.3% (n = 65) of the blood donors tested IgG negative, suggesting they had no past B19V infection. B19V DNA was not detected in any of the subjects. The high seroprevalence of IgM indicates that blood donors may have been recently exposed to B19V, potentially posing a risk to immunocompromised individuals and those with hematological stress. Further longitudinal studies with a larger sample size are recommended to better understand the risk of B19V transfusion transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati Kumari
- Department of Microbiology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Porur, Chennai, 600116, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Reuben Kuruvilla Thomas
- Department of Microbiology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Porur, Chennai, 600116, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Sruthi
- Department of Microbiology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Porur, Chennai, 600116, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ramya Barani
- Department of Microbiology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Porur, Chennai, 600116, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Sangvi
- Department of Microbiology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Porur, Chennai, 600116, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - R Krishnamoorthy
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Padma Srikanth
- Department of Microbiology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Porur, Chennai, 600116, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Ghimire A, Platnich J, Chauhan U. Warm Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia and Pure Red Cell Aplasia during a Severe COVID-19 B.1.1.7 Infection. Infect Dis Rep 2022; 14:413-419. [PMID: 35735754 PMCID: PMC9223138 DOI: 10.3390/idr14030044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) is a rare complication of COVID-19 infection. We report a case of warm AIHA in a patient with COVID-19 pneumonia treated with methylprednisolone and several red blood cell transfusions. Despite treatment of the warm AIHA, the patient’s reticulocyte count remained low, and his biochemical markers were suggestive of pure red cell aplasia, which was later attributed to a concurrent parvovirus B19 infection. This case highlights an unusual situation of two separate hematological processes caused by two separate and simultaneous viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anukul Ghimire
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G3, Canada;
- Correspondence:
| | - Jaye Platnich
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G3, Canada;
| | - Utkarsh Chauhan
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R7, Canada;
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