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Tejedor MT, Rial-Crestelo D, Diab L, de Lagarde M, Álvarez CJ, Lopez-Roa P. Fibrocavitary disease caused by Mycobacterium chimaera in a patient with HIV. AIDS 2024; 38:1446-1448. [PMID: 38932751 DOI: 10.1097/qad.0000000000003918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Teresa Tejedor
- Pneumology Department
- Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain
| | - David Rial-Crestelo
- HIV Unit - Internal Medicine Department, Hospital 12 de Octubre
- Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Layla Diab
- Pneumology Department
- Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria de Lagarde
- HIV Unit - Internal Medicine Department, Hospital 12 de Octubre
- CIBERINFEC
- Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos José Álvarez
- Pneumology Department
- Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Paula Lopez-Roa
- Microbiology Department, Hospital 12 de Octubre
- Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain
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Yang L, Peng L, Yuan K, Cai K, Feng C, Yang G, Wang S, Zhu X, Zhang J, Wang F, Lu H. Case Report: Mycobacterium kansasii causing infective endocarditis explored by metagenomic next-generation sequencing. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1227537. [PMID: 37680745 PMCID: PMC10482420 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1227537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
In this report, we describe the first case of infective endocarditis caused by Mycobacterium kansasii in a 45-year-old male patient who presented with a 10-day fever and decompensated cirrhosis. Despite negative results in blood culture and pathology, we employed metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) to analyze the genome sequences of both the host and microbe. The copy number variation (CNV) indicated a high risk of liver disease in the patient, which correlated with biochemical examination findings. Notably, M. kansasii sequences were detected in peripheral blood samples and confirmed through Sanger sequencing. Unfortunately, the patient's condition deteriorated, leading to his demise prior to heart surgery. Nevertheless, we propose that mNGS could be a novel approach for diagnosing M. kansasii infection, particularly in cases where blood culture and pathology results are unavailable. It is important to consider M. kansasii infection as a potential cause of endocarditis and initiate appropriate anti-infection treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuqing Yang
- The Third People’s Hospital of Shenzhen, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ling Peng
- The Third People’s Hospital of Shenzhen, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ke Yuan
- BGI Genomics, BGI Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Kanru Cai
- The Third People’s Hospital of Shenzhen, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Cheng Feng
- The Third People’s Hospital of Shenzhen, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Gendong Yang
- The Third People’s Hospital of Shenzhen, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | | | - Xiuyun Zhu
- The Third People’s Hospital of Shenzhen, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jieyun Zhang
- The Third People’s Hospital of Shenzhen, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Fuxiang Wang
- The Third People’s Hospital of Shenzhen, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hongzhou Lu
- The Third People’s Hospital of Shenzhen, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
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Waletzko B, Lin PL, Lopez SMC. "Hot Tub Lung" With M. avium complex in an Immunocompetent Adolescent. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2023; 42:e84-e87. [PMID: 36729986 DOI: 10.1097/inf.0000000000003785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
We describe a case of pulmonary Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) infection in an immunocompetent pediatric patient after a hot tub near drowning event with a literature review of pediatric MAC-associated disease after hot tub exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Waletzko
- Department of Pediatrics, Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, Sioux Falls, South Dakota
| | - Philana Ling Lin
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Center for Vaccine Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Santiago M C Lopez
- Department of Pediatrics, Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, Sioux Falls, South Dakota
- Environmental Influences on Health and Disease Group, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, South Dakota
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Mycobacterium chimaera Identification Using MALDI-TOF MS Technology: A Practical Approach for the Clinical Microbiology Laboratories. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10061184. [PMID: 35744702 PMCID: PMC9228860 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10061184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium chimaera (MC) is an environmental, slowly growing, non-tuberculous mycobacterium (NTM) belonging to Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC), which recently has been linked to severe cardiovascular infections following open heart and vascular surgery. The majority of the diagnostic laboratory tests used in routine are not able to distinguish MC from M. intracellulare (MI), because of the great genetic similarity existing between these two species. The Genotype Mycobacterium NTM-DR™ represents a valid method to differentiate between these species, but it is expensive, requiring also specialized personnel. Recently, MALDI-TOF MS has been proposed to identify relevant NTM. However, a software implementation is required to distinguish between MC and MI, presenting the two microorganisms’ overlapping spectra. The present study evaluates the feasibility of applying a MALDI-TOF logarithmic-based analysis in the routine of a clinical microbiology laboratory, and proposes an easy-to-use template spreadsheet to make the results quickly interpretable. The protocol was previously validated through the identification of 87 strains of MC/MI collected from clinical and environmental samples, and it was identified using the GenoType Mycobacterium NTM-DR™ and/or WGS. The proposed protocol provides accurate identification for the isolates tested; moreover, it is less expensive and more rapid than sequencing methods and can be implemented with minimum effort.
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Mills MT, Al-Mohammad A, Warriner DR. Changes and advances in the field of infective endocarditis. Br J Hosp Med (Lond) 2022; 83:1-11. [DOI: 10.12968/hmed.2021.0510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Infective endocarditis is a rare but deadly disease, with a highly variable presentation. The clinical manifestations of the condition are often multisystemic, ranging from dermatological to ophthalmic, and cardiovascular to renal. Thus, patients with infective endocarditis may first present to the acute or general physician, who may have a variable knowledge of the condition. The diagnosis of infective endocarditis can be challenging, relying on clinical, imaging and microbiological features. Recent decades have seen a transformation in the epidemiology and microbiology of infective endocarditis and yet, despite advances in diagnostics and therapeutics, mortality rates remain high. This review outlines the emerging studies and guidelines on the assessment and management of infective endocarditis, focusing on the evolving epidemiology of the condition, the role of new imaging modalities, updated diagnostic criteria, the latest on antimicrobial and surgical management, and the role of a multidisciplinary approach in the management of patients with infective endocarditis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark T Mills
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
- Department of Cardiology, Northern General Hospital, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK
| | - Abdallah Al-Mohammad
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
- Department of Cardiology, Northern General Hospital, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK
| | - David R Warriner
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
- Department of Cardiology, Doncaster and Bassetlaw Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Doncaster, UK
- Department of Congenital Cardiology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
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Riccardi N, Monticelli J, Antonello RM, Luzzati R, Gabrielli M, Ferrarese M, Codecasa L, Di Bella S, Giacobbe DR. Mycobacterium chimaera infections: An update. J Infect Chemother 2019; 26:199-205. [PMID: 31843377 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiac.2019.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2019] [Revised: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Mycobacterium chimaera is a non-tuberculous mycobacterium belonging to the Mycobacterium avium complex, described for the first time in 2004. It acts as an opportunistic pathogen, with infections, usually respiratory illnesses, occurring more frequently in immunocompromised patients or in patients with underlying respiratory diseases. During the last decade Mycobacterium chimaera disseminated infections following cardiothoracic surgery, especially open-heart surgery, have been increasingly reported worldwide. From a pathogenic standpoint, Mycobacterium chimaera is acquired during cardiopulmonary bypass via bioaerosols emitted from contaminated heater-cooler units water systems. Due to non-specific symptoms and long latency, postoperative Mycobacterium chimaera infections may not be promptly diagnosed and treated, and may become life-threatening. The indication for revision surgery needs to be carefully evaluated on a case-by-case basis, and antibiotic therapy should be based on drug susceptibility testing results. Our review aims to provide an updated account of microbiological characteristics, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and management of Mycobacterium chimaera infections, with a special focus on those developing after cardiothoracic surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niccolò Riccardi
- Department of Infectious - Tropical Diseases and Microbiology, IRCCS Sacro Cuore Don Calabria Hospital, Negrar, Verona, Italy; StopTB Italia Onlus, Milan, Italy.
| | - Jacopo Monticelli
- Infectious Diseases Department, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata di Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | | | - Roberto Luzzati
- Infectious Diseases Department, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata di Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Marco Gabrielli
- Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery Department, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata di Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Maurizio Ferrarese
- StopTB Italia Onlus, Milan, Italy; Regional TB Reference Centre and Laboratory, Villa Marelli Institute/ASST Niguarda Ca' Granda Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Luigi Codecasa
- StopTB Italia Onlus, Milan, Italy; Regional TB Reference Centre and Laboratory, Villa Marelli Institute/ASST Niguarda Ca' Granda Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Di Bella
- Infectious Diseases Department, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata di Trieste, Trieste, Italy
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