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Liu J, Liu C, Chen H, Cen H, Yang H, Liu P, Liu F, Ma L, Chen Q, Wang L. Tongguan capsule for treating myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury: integrating network pharmacology and mechanism study. Pharm Biol 2023; 61:437-448. [PMID: 36789620 PMCID: PMC9937005 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2023.2175877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Although Tongguan capsule (TGC) is used in the treatment of coronary atherosclerotic disease, the exact mechanism remains unclear. OBJECTIVE Network pharmacology and experimental validation were applied to examine the mechanism of TGC for treating myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI). MATERIALS AND METHODS The components and candidate targets were searched based on various databases such as TCMSP, TCMID, BATMAN-TCM. The binding ability was determined by molecular docking. The ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) model was constructed by ligating the left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery. APOE-/- mice were divided into three groups (n = 6): Sham group, I/R group, and TGC group (1 g/kg/d). To further verification, HCAEC cells were subjected to hypoxia-reoxygenation (H/R) to establish in vitro model. RESULTS The compounds, such as quercetin, luteolin, tanshinone IIA, kaempferol and bifendate, were obtained after screening. The affinity values of the components with GSK-3β, mTOR, Beclin-1, and LC3 were all <-5 kcal/mol. In vivo, TGC improved LVEF and FS, reducing infarct size. In vitro, Hoechst 33258 staining result showed TGC inhibited apoptosis. Compare with the H/R model, TGC treatment increased the levels of GSK-3β, LC3, and Beclin1, while decreasing the expression of mTOR and p62 (p < 0.05). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION The findings revealed that TGC exerted a cardioprotective effect by up regulating autophagy-related proteins through the mTOR pathway, which may be a therapeutic option for MIRI. However, there are still some limitations in this research. It is necessary to search more databases to obtain information and further demonstrated through randomized controlled trials for generalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiantao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Shunde Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Foshan, China
| | - Chunping Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Huiqi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huan Cen
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hailong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peijian Liu
- Shunde Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Foshan, China
| | - Fang Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liuling Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Quanfu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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Tang N, Chen X, Li K, Li H, Qi C. Myocardial Perfusion in ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction Patients After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: Influencing Factors and Intervention Strategies. Cureus 2023; 15:e42841. [PMID: 37538975 PMCID: PMC10394716 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.42841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim We aim to explore the factors influencing myocardial perfusion in patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) after primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) and evaluate the effects of different intervention strategies on myocardial perfusion improvement. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 300 patients with STEMI who underwent primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) at our hospital between January 2020 and December 2022. Based on post-procedural coronary angiography results using the thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) blood flow grade and myocardial blush grade (MBG), patients were categorized into two groups: the normal perfusion group (TIMI grade 3 or MBG 2-3, n=180) and the impaired perfusion group (TIMI grades 0-2 or MBG 0-1, n=120). The impaired perfusion group was further divided using a random number table into the thrombus aspiration-only group (control group, n=60) and the thrombus aspiration combined with nicorandil group (nicorandil group, n=60). A 1:1 propensity score matching method was employed to adjust for baseline characteristics between the groups. Clinical characteristics, hematological parameters, coronary lesion features, and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) technical parameters were compared between the matched groups. Additionally, a multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify independent risk factors influencing myocardial perfusion. Furthermore, the post-procedural myocardial perfusion, cardiac function, and clinical prognosis were compared between the control and nicorandil groups. Results After matching, the baseline characteristics of the two groups were compared. The impaired perfusion group had older age, higher proportion of male patients, higher rates of diabetes and hypertension, longer time from symptom onset to balloon dilation, higher peak cardiac troponin I (cTnI) levels, higher proportion of left main or multivessel involvement, heavier coronary lesion burden, and lower balloon inflation pressure (P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that age of ≥65 years (odds ratio {OR}=2.34, 95% confidence interval {CI}=1.23-4.46, P<0.01), time from symptom onset to balloon dilation of ≥6 hours (OR=3.12, 95% CI=1.67-5.83, P<0.01), peak cTnI level of ≥100 ng/mL (OR=4.27, 95% CI=2.18-8.36, P<0.01), left main or multivessel involvement (OR=2.86, 95% CI=1.51-5.41, P<0.01), and balloon inflation pressure of <8 atm (OR=3.45, 95% CI=1.79-6.65, P<0.01) were independent risk factors affecting myocardial perfusion. In the intervention analysis, the nicorandil group showed superior post-procedural TIMI blood flow grade, MBG, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), and New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional classification compared to the control group (P<0.05). During a six-month follow-up, the nicorandil group had a lower incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) compared to the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Age, time from symptom onset to balloon dilation, peak cTnI level, extent of coronary artery lesions, and balloon inflation pressure were identified as independent risk factors affecting myocardial perfusion in STEMI patients after PCI. Compared to simple thrombus aspiration, thrombus aspiration combined with nicorandil demonstrated better improvement in myocardial perfusion, cardiac function, and clinical outcomes for patients with impaired perfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Tang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, CHN
| | - Xuejin Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, CHN
| | - Kangming Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, CHN
| | - Haoran Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, CHN
| | - Chunmei Qi
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, CHN
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Li JJ, Wang YJ, Wang CM, Li YJ, Yang Q, Cai WY, Chen Y, Zhu XX. Shenlian extract decreases mitochondrial autophagy to regulate mitochondrial function in microvascular to alleviate coronary artery no-reflow. Phytother Res 2023; 37:1864-1882. [PMID: 36740450 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Shenlian (SL) extract has been proven to be effective in the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis and myocardial ischemia. However, the function and molecular mechanisms of SL on coronary artery no-reflow have not been fully elucidated. This study was designed to investigate the contribution of SL extract in repressing excessive mitochondrial autophagy to protect the mitochondrial function and prevent coronary artery no-reflow. The improvement of SL on coronary artery no-reflow was observed in vivo experiments and the molecular mechanisms were further explored through vitro experiments. First, a coronary artery no-reflow rat model was built by ligating the left anterior descending coronary artery for 2 hr of ischemia, followed by 24 hr of reperfusion. Thioflavin S (6%, 1 ml/kg) was injected into the inferior vena cava to mark the no-reflow area. Transmission electron microscopy was performed to observe the cellular structure, mitochondrial structure, and mitochondrial autophagy of the endothelial cells. Immunofluorescence was used to observe the microvascular barrier function and microvascular inflammation. Cardiac microvascular endothelial cells (CMECs) were isolated from rats. The CMECs were deprived of oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) for 2 hr and reoxygenated for 4 hr to mimic the Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (MI/R) injury-induced coronary artery no-reflow in vitro. Mitochondrial membrane potential was assessed using JC-1 dye. Intracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels were determined using an ATP assay kit. The cell total reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and cell apoptosis rate were analyzed by flow cytometry. Colocalization of mitochondria and lysosomes indirectly indicated mitophagy. The representative ultrastructural morphologies of the autophagosomes and autolysosomes were also observed under transmission electron microscopy. The mitochondrial autophagy-related proteins (LC3II/I, P62, PINK, and Parkin) were analyzed using Western blot analysis. In vivo, results showed that, compared with the model group, SL could reduce the no-reflow area from 37.04 ± 9.67% to 18.31 ± 4.01% (1.08 g·kg-1 SL), 13.79 ± 4.77% (2.16 g·kg-1 SL), and 12.67 ± 2.47% (4.32 g·kg-1 SL). The extract also significantly increased the left ventricular ejection fraction (EF) and left ventricular fractional shortening (FS) (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01). The fluorescence intensities of VE-cadherin, which is a junctional protein that preserves the microvascular barrier function, decreased to ~74.05% of the baseline levels in the no-reflow rats and increased to 89.87%(1.08 g·kg-1 SL), 82.23% (2.16 g·kg-1 SL), and 89.69% (4.32 g·kg-1 SL) of the baseline levels by SL treatment. SL administration repressed the neutrophil migration into the myocardium. The oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) model was induced in vitro to mimic microvascular ischemia-reperfusion injury. The impaired mitochondrial function after OGD/R injury led to decreased ATP production, calcium overload, the excessive opening of the Mitochondrial Permeability Transition Pore, decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, and reduced ROS scavenging ability (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01). The normal autophagosomes (double-membrane vacuoles with autophagic content) in the sham group were rarely found. The large morphology and autophagosomes were frequently observed in the model group. By contrast, SL inhibited the excessive activation of mitochondrial autophagy. The mitochondrial autophagy regulated by the PINK/Parkin pathway was excessively activated. However, administration of SL prevented the activation of the PINK/Parkin pathway and inhibited excessive mitochondrial autophagy to regulate mitochondrial dysfunction. Results also demonstrated that mitochondrial dysfunction stimulated endothelial cell barrier dysfunction, but Evans blue transmission was significantly decreased and transmembrane resistance was increased significantly by SL treatment (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01). Carbonylcyanide-3-chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP) could activate the PINK/Parkin pathway. CCCP reversed the regulation of SL on mitochondrial autophagy and mitochondrial function. SL could alleviate coronary artery no-reflow by protecting the microvasculature by regulating mitochondrial function. The underlying mechanism was related to decreased mitochondrial autophagy by the PINK/Parkin pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Jing Li
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Dongcheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Ya-Jie Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Dongcheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Chun-Miao Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Dongcheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Yu-Jie Li
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Dongcheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Qing Yang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Dongcheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Wei-Yan Cai
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Dongcheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Dongcheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Xin Zhu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Dongcheng District, Beijing, China
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Wang J, Zhang F, Gao M, Wang Y, Song X, Li Y, Dang Y, Qi X. The Systemic Immune Inflammatory Index Predicts No-Reflow Phenomenon after Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Older Patients with STEMI. CVIA 2023. [DOI: 10.15212/cvia.2023.0005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Coronary no-reflow phenomenon (NRP), a common adverse complication in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) treated by percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), is associated with poor patient prognosis. In this study, the correlation between the systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) and NRP in older patients with STEMI was studied, to provide a basis for early identification of high-risk patients and improve their prognosis.
Materials and methods: Between January 2017 and June 2020, 578 older patients with acute STEMI admitted to the Department of Cardiology of Hebei General Hospital for direct PCI treatment were selected for this retrospective study. Patients were divided into an NRP group and normal-flow group according to whether NRP occurred during the operation. Clinical data and the examination indexes of the two groups were collected. Logistic regression was used to analyze the independent predictors of NRP, and the receiver operating characteristic curve was used to further analyze the ability of SII to predict NRP in older patients with STEMI.
Results: Multivariate logistic analysis indicated that hypertension (OR=2.048, 95% CI:1.252–3.352, P=0.004), lymphocyte count (OR=0.571, 95% CI:0.368–0.885, P=0.012), platelet count (OR=1.009, 95% CI:1.005–1.013, P<0.001), hemoglobin (OR=1.015, 95% CI:1.003–1.028, P=0.018), multivessel disease (OR=2.237, 95% CI:1.407–3.558, P=0.001), and SII≥1814 (OR=3.799, 95% CI:2.190–6.593, P<0.001) were independent predictors of NRP after primary PCI in older patients with STEMI. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis demonstrated that SII had a high predictive value for NRP (AUC=0.738; 95% CI:0.686–0.790), with the best cut-off value of 1814, a sensitivity of 52.85% and a specificity of 85.71%.
Conclusion: For older patients with STEMI undergoing primary PCI, SII is a valid predictor of NRP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Wang
- Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, Hebei Province, China
| | - Feifei Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050051, Hebei Province, China
| | - Man Gao
- Department of Cardiology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050051, Hebei Province, China
| | - Yudan Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Chest Hospital, Tianjin, 300222, China
| | - Xuelian Song
- Department of Cardiology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050051, Hebei Province, China
| | - Yingxiao Li
- Department of Cardiology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050051, Hebei Province, China
| | - Yi Dang
- Department of Cardiology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050051, Hebei Province, China
| | - Xiaoyong Qi
- Department of Cardiology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050051, Hebei Province, China
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Wang ZD, Li H, Liu M, Li P, Chen J, Liang XW, Zhu XZ, Liao W. Effect of intravenous application of nicorandil on area of myocardial infarction in patients with STEMI during the perioperative stage of PCI. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2021; 77:411-423. [PMID: 33386796 DOI: 10.3233/ch-200998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of nicorandil in improving the area of myocardial infarction in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). METHODS One hundred and twenty patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) admitted to our hospital between December 1, 2018 and December 31, 2019 were selected and randomly allocated to the experimental group (group A, n = 60) and the control group (group B, n = 60). In the experimental group, an infusion of nicorandil was given intravenously before the first balloon dilation or 1 minute before the stent placement, and with the completion of the infusion, nicorandil maintenance infusion was given. In the control group, only balloon dilation and stent placement were undertaken. RESULTS The postoperative peak levels of myoglobin, creatine kinase isoform and hypersensitive troponin T were significantly lower in group A than in group B (p < 0.05). Moreover, the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) on the 180th day post operation was substantially greater in group A than in group B (p < 0.01), and the area of myocardial infarction was significantly smaller in patients in group A than those in group B on the 180th day post operation (p < 0.01). In terms of the safety, there were no statistically significant differences in the incidence of slow flow/no reflow, malignant arrhythmias, and hypotension within 24 hours post operation between the two groups (p > 0.05), and no major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE) occurred in either group during the postoperative follow-up period of 180 days (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION Intravenous administration of nicorandil in patients with STEMI during the perioperative percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) period was effective in reducing the area of myocardial infarction and myocardial injury without increasing the incidence of malignant arrhythmias, hypotension, or composite cardiovascular events during the drug administration period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng-Dong Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Yulin First People's Hospital, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Yulin, Guangxi, China
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Cardiology, Yulin First People's Hospital, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Yulin, Guangxi, China
| | - Ming Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Yulin First People's Hospital, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Yulin, Guangxi, China
| | - Ping Li
- Department of Cardiology, Yulin First People's Hospital, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Yulin, Guangxi, China
| | - Jian Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Yulin First People's Hospital, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Yulin, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiang-Wen Liang
- Department of Cardiology, Yulin First People's Hospital, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Yulin, Guangxi, China
| | - Xian-Zhang Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Yulin First People's Hospital, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Yulin, Guangxi, China
| | - Wang Liao
- Department of Cardiology, Yulin First People's Hospital, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Yulin, Guangxi, China
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Chen R, Chen T, Wang T, Dai X, Zhang S, Jiang D, Meng K, Wang Y, Geng T, Xu J, Zhou K, Wang Y. Tongmai Yangxin pill reduces myocardial No-reflow via endothelium-dependent NO-cGMP signaling by activation of the cAMP/PKA pathway. J Ethnopharmacol 2021; 267:113462. [PMID: 33058924 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The Tongmai Yangxin pill (TMYX) is derived from the Zhigancao decoction recorded in Shang han lun by Zhang Zhongjing during the Han dynasty. TMYX is used for the clinical treatment of chest pain, heartache, and qi-yin-deficiency coronary heart disease. Previous studies have confirmed that TMYX can improve vascular endothelial function in patients with coronary heart disease by upregulating nitric oxide activity and then regulating vascular tension. Whether TMYX can further improve myocardial NR by upregulating NO activity and then dilating blood vessels remains unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to reveal whether TMYX can further improve myocardial NR by upregulating NO activity and then dilating blood vessels. The underlying cAMP/PKA and NO-cGMP signaling pathway-dependent mechanism is also explored. MATERIALS AND METHODS The left anterior descending coronary arteries of healthy adult male SD rats were ligated to establish the NR model. TMYX (4.0 g/kg) was orally administered throughout the experiment. Cardiac function was measured through echocardiography. Thioflavin S, Evans Blue, and TTC staining were used to evaluate the NR and ischemic areas. Pathological changes in the myocardium were assessed by hematoxylin-eosin staining. An automated biochemical analyzer and kit were used to detect the activities of myocardial enzymes and myocardial oxidants, including CK, CK-MB, LDH, reactive oxygen species, superoxide dismutase, malonaldehyde, and NO. The expression levels of genes and proteins related to the cAMP/PKA and NO/cGMP signaling pathways were detected via real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR and Western blot analysis, respectively. A microvascular tension sensor was used to detect coronary artery diastolic function in vitro. RESULTS TMYX elevated the EF, FS, LVOT peak, LVPWd and LVPWs values, decreased the LVIDd, LVIDs, LV-mass, IVSd, and LV Vols values, demonstrating cardio-protective effects, and reduced the NR and ischemic areas. Pathological staining showed that TMYX could significantly reduce inflammatory cell number and interstitial edema. The activities of CK, LDH, and MDA were reduced, NO activity was increased, and oxidative stress was suppressed after treatment with TMYX. TMYX not only enhanced the expression of Gs-α, AC, PKA, and eNOS but also increased the expression of sGC and PKG. Furthermore, TMYX treatment significantly decreased ROCK expression. We further showed that TMYX (25-200 mg/mL) relaxed isolated coronary microvessels. CONCLUSIONS TMYX attenuates myocardial NR after ischemia and reperfusion by activating the cAMP/PKA and NO/cGMP signaling pathways, further upregulating NO activity and relaxing coronary microvessels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Chen
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China.
| | - Ting Chen
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China.
| | - Tianqi Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China.
| | - Xiangdong Dai
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China.
| | - Shuying Zhang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China.
| | - Di Jiang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China.
| | - Ke Meng
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China.
| | - Yanyan Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China.
| | - Tong Geng
- Tianjin Zhongxin Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd, Research Institute Branch, Tianjin, 300457, China.
| | - Jinpeng Xu
- Tianjin Zhongxin Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd, Drug Marketing Co., Ltd, Tianjin, 300193, China.
| | - Kun Zhou
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China.
| | - Yi Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China.
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Chen Y, Liu C, Zhou P, Li J, Zhao X, Wang Y, Chen R, Song L, Zhao H, Yan H. Coronary Endothelium No-Reflow Injury Is Associated with ROS-Modified Mitochondrial Fission through the JNK-Drp1 Signaling Pathway. Oxid Med Cell Longev 2021; 2021:6699516. [PMID: 33613824 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6699516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Coronary artery no-reflow is a complex problem in the area of reperfusion therapy, and the molecular mechanisms underlying coronary artery no-reflow injury have not been fully elucidated. In the present study, we explored whether oxidative stress caused damage to coronary endothelial cells by inducing mitochondrial fission and activating the JNK pathway. The hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) model was induced in vitro to mimic coronary endothelial no-reflow injury, and mitochondrial fission, mitochondrial function, and endothelial cell viability were analyzed using western blotting, quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and immunofluorescence. Our data indicated that reactive oxygen species (ROS) were significantly induced upon H/R injury, and this was followed by decreased endothelial cell viability. Mitochondrial fission was induced and mitochondrial bioenergetics were impaired in cardiac endothelial cells after H/R injury. Neutralization of ROS reduced mitochondrial fission and protected mitochondrial function against H/R injury. Our results also demonstrated that ROS stimulated mitochondrial fission via JNK-mediated Drp1 phosphorylation. These findings indicate that the ROS-JNK-Drp1 signaling pathway may be one of the molecular mechanisms underlying endothelial cell damage during H/R injury. Novel treatments for coronary no-reflow injury may involve targeting mitochondrial fission and the JNK-Drp1 signaling pathway.
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Liu QR, Liu HX, Xing WL, Zhou Q, Zhang HL, Zhang HT, Song GY, Wu YJ. Effect of Danhong Injection () on Improving Coronary Microcirculation Injury after Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. Chin J Integr Med 2021; 27:455-460. [PMID: 33433847 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-021-2853-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/22/2018] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the effectiveness of Danhong Injection () on improving microcirculatory injury after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). METHODS A randomized controlled trial was conducted and 90 patients were enrolled. A random sequence was generated using statistical analysis software. Patients with microcirculatory injuries after PCI were randomly divided into 3 groups for treatment (30 subjects in each group): Danhong Injection group: after PCI, Danghong Injections were given with intravenous administration with 40 mL twice a day for a week; statins intensive group: after PCI, atorvastatin calcium tablets were given oral medication with 80 mg once, and then atorvastatin 40 mg daily for 1 week; the control group: after PCI, atorvastatin calcium tablets were given oral medication with 10-20 mg daily for 1 week. The index of microcirculation resistance (IMR) was used to assess microcirculatory injury during PCI. The IMR of the target vessel was reexamined after 1 week of drug treatment. RESULTS After one week's drug treatment, IMR was significantly decreased in both statins intensive group and Danhong Injection group compared with the control group (P<0.01), but no difference was found between statins intensive group and Danhong injection group (14.03 ± 2.54 vs. 16.03 ± 5.72 U, P=0.080). CONCLUSIONS The efficacy of Danhong Injection is non-inferior to statin. Early use of Danhong Injection after PCI can effectively improve coronary microcirculation injury after PCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Rong Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100037, China.,Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of Education (Shanxi Medical University), Taiyuan, China.,Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Hong-Xu Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100010, China
| | - Wen-Long Xing
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100010, China
| | - Qi Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100010, China
| | - Hong-Liang Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Hai-Tong Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Guang-Yuan Song
- Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Yong-Jian Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100037, China.
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