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Yu HC, Kripfgans OD, Rodriguez AB, Samal A, Quesada C, Webber LP, Mazzocco JP, Wang IC, Woo J, Chan HL. Ultrasonography-Derived Elasticity Estimation of Live Porcine Oral Mucosa. J Ultrasound Med 2024; 43:237-251. [PMID: 37846622 DOI: 10.1002/jum.16352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the biomechanical properties of porcine oral tissues with in vivo ultrasonography and to compare the difference between oral alveolar mucosa and gingival tissue concerning compressional and tensile mechanical strain. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sinclair minipigs (6 females and 4 males, 6 to 18 months of age) were anesthetized for ultrasonography. In vivo high-frequency tissue harmonic ultrasound (12/24 MHz) cine-loops were obtained while inducing mechanical tissue stress (0 to 1 N). Post-processing strain analysis was performed in a cardiac speckle tracking software (EchoInsight®). Region of interest (ROI) was placed for gingival and alveolar mucosa tissues for longitudinal (compressional) and tensile strain analyses. A calibrated gel pad was employed to determine the absolute force (pressure) for the measured tissue strain response function. The resulting elasticity data was statistically analyzed using custom Matlab scripts. RESULTS In total, 38 sonography cine-loops around the third premolars were included in the investigation. The longitudinal strain of alveolar mucosaε AM L was found to be significantly (P < .05) larger than that of gingivaε G L . Across the measured force range,ε AM L ~ 1.7 × ε G L . Significant differences between alveolar mucosa and gingiva tissues were found for all forces. The tensile strain of the alveolar mucosaε AM T was found to be ~2 × ε G T (on the epithelial surface of the gingiva). Both were statistically significantly different for forces exceeding ~0.08 N. At depth, that is, 500 and 1000 μm below the epithelial surface, the gingiva was found to have less ability to stretch contrary to the alveolar mucosa. Gingival tissue at 500 μm depth has significantly less tensile strain than at its surface and more than at 1000 μm depth. In contrast, the tensile strain of alveolar mucosa is largely independent of depth. CONCLUSION Ultrasonography can reveal significant differences in oral alveolar mucosal and gingival elastic properties, such as compressional and tensile strain. Under minute forces equivalent to 10 to 40 g, these differences can be observed. As dental ultrasound is a chairside, and noninvasive modality, obtaining real-time images might soon find clinical utility as a new diagnostic tool for the objective and quantitative assessment of periodontal and peri-implant soft tissues in clinical and research realms. As ultrasound is a safe modality with no known bioeffects, longitudinal monitoring of areas of concern would be particularly attractive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsi-Chien Yu
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Oliver D Kripfgans
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Amanda B Rodriguez
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Ankita Samal
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Carole Quesada
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Liana P Webber
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - John P Mazzocco
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - I-Ching Wang
- Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry and Dental Clinics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Jaeman Woo
- Department of Dentistry, College of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hsun-Liang Chan
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Rodriguez Betancourt A, Samal A, Chan HL, Kripfgans OD. Overview of Ultrasound in Dentistry for Advancing Research Methodology and Patient Care Quality with Emphasis on Periodontal/Peri-implant Applications. Z Med Phys 2023; 33:336-386. [PMID: 36922293 PMCID: PMC10517409 DOI: 10.1016/j.zemedi.2023.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ultrasound is a non-invasive, cross-sectional imaging technique emerging in dentistry. It is an adjunct tool for diagnosing pathologies in the oral cavity that overcomes some limitations of current methodologies, including direct clinical examination, 2D radiographs, and cone beam computerized tomography. Increasing demand for soft tissue imaging has led to continuous improvements on transducer miniaturization and spatial resolution. The aims of this study are (1) to create a comprehensive overview of the current literature of ultrasonic imaging relating to dentistry, and (2) to provide a view onto investigations with immediate, intermediate, and long-term impact in periodontology and implantology. METHODS A rapid literature review was performed using two broad searches conducted in the PubMed database, yielding 576 and 757 citations, respectively. A rating was established within a citation software (EndNote) using a 5-star classification. The broad search with 757 citations allowed for high sensitivity whereas the subsequent rating added specificity. RESULTS A critical review of the clinical applications of ultrasound in dentistry was provided with a focus on applications in periodontology and implantology. The role of ultrasound as a developing dental diagnostic tool was reviewed. Specific uses such as soft and hard tissue imaging, longitudinal monitoring, as well as anatomic and physiological evaluation were discussed. CONCLUSIONS Future efforts should be directed towards the transition of ultrasonography from a research tool to a clinical tool. Moreover, a dedicated effort is needed to introduce ultrasonic imaging to dental education and the dental community to ultimately improve the quality of patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ankita Samal
- Department of Radiology, Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Hsun-Liang Chan
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Medicine, Dental School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Oliver D Kripfgans
- Department of Radiology, Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Ravidà A, Samal A, Qazi M, Webber LP, Wang HL, Galindo-Moreno P, Borgnakke WS, Saleh MHA. Interproximal implant thread exposure after initial bone remodeling as a risk indicator for peri-implantitis. J Periodontol 2022. [PMID: 36576085 DOI: 10.1002/jper.22-0499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Due to the clinical challenges involved in successfully treating peri-implantitis, it is imperative to identify patient- and implant-level risk factors for its prevention. The main goal of this retrospective longitudinal radiographic and clinical study was to investigate whether interproximal radiographic implant thread exposure after physiological bone remodeling may be a risk factor for peri-implantitis. The secondary goal was to evaluate several other potential risk indicators. METHODS Of 4325 active dental school patients having implants placed, 165 partially edentulous adults (77 men, 88 women) aged 30-91 with ≥2 years of follow-up upon implant restoration were included. Implants with ≥1 interproximal thread exposed (no bone-to-implant contact) (n = 98, 35%) constituted the test group and those without exposed threads (n = 182, 65%) the control group. Descriptive, binary, and multivariate regression analyses were evaluated for goodness of fit. Wald tests were used to evaluate for significance set at 0.05. RESULTS Of the 280 implants (98 test, 182 control), 8 (2.9%) failed over a mean follow-up period of 7.67 (±2.63) years, and 27 implants (19 test, 8 control) developed peri-implantitis, with the exposed group having eight-fold (7.82 times) adjusted greater odds than the non-exposed. The risk increased four-fold (3.77 times) with each thread exposed. No other patient- or implant-related potentially confounding risk factors were identified. CONCLUSIONS Exposed interproximal implant threads after physiologic bone remodeling may be an independent risk indicator for incident peri-implantitis. Hence, clinicians should closely monitor patients with implant threads that have no bone-to-implant contact for incident peri-implantitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Ravidà
- Department of Periodontics and Preventive Dentistry, University of Pittsburgh School of Dental Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Ankita Samal
- Department of Periodontics and Preventive Dentistry, University of Pittsburgh School of Dental Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Musa Qazi
- Department of Periodontics and Preventive Dentistry, University of Pittsburgh School of Dental Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Liana Preto Webber
- Department of Periodontics and Preventive Dentistry, University of Pittsburgh School of Dental Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Hom-Lay Wang
- Department of Periodontics and Preventive Dentistry, University of Pittsburgh School of Dental Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Pablo Galindo-Moreno
- Department of Oral Surgery and Implantology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Wenche S Borgnakke
- Department of Periodontics and Preventive Dentistry, University of Pittsburgh School of Dental Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Muhammad H A Saleh
- Department of Periodontics and Preventive Dentistry, University of Pittsburgh School of Dental Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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Liu W, Zhu F, Samal A, Wang HL. Suggested mesiodistal distance for multiple implant placement based on the natural tooth crown dimension with digital design. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res 2022; 24:801-808. [PMID: 36181233 PMCID: PMC10087941 DOI: 10.1111/cid.13135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this investigation was to identify a mesiodistal algorithm for multiple posterior implant placement based upon an ideal prosthetically restoration design. METHODS One hundred one cases of posterior free-end edentulous arches were selected for digital crown designs and measurements. Cone bean computed tomogram and digital fabricated crown were applied. DICOM files were exported to a viewer software (BlueSkyPlan4) to generate digital crown and measurement. The mesiodistal space between roots of adjacent teeth and center of the potential implant horizontally, from both cross-section and coronal plane were measured. Comparisons were performed using t-tests. RESULTS No significant difference was found in the distances of the maxillary and mandibular posterior implants to adjacent natural teeth (p > 0.05). For interdental/implant distances, premolars are around 4.2 mm and molars are 5.4 mm, correspondently. The second premolar interimplant distance is around 7-7.4 mm. The distance of interimplant of the first molar is about 8-8.5 mm. For the maxillary second molar, the interimplant distance is 9.26 ± 0.29 mm and the mandibular second molar interimplant distance is 9.58 ± 0.19 mm, which is significantly different. No difference was found between the two different measurement methods. CONCLUSION A mesiodistal algorithm of 4-4.6 (implant to adjacent canine tooth), 7-7.4, 8-8.5, and 9-9.5 mm was recommended for interimplant/tooth distance from first premolar to second molar when placing implants with or without case-specific prosthetic planning prior to surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Liu
- Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beiijng, China
| | - Fangyu Zhu
- Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beiijng, China
| | - Ankita Samal
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, The University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Hom-Lay Wang
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, The University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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Kozhemiako N, Nunes AS, Samal A, Rana KD, Calabro FJ, Hämäläinen MS, Khan S, Vaina LM. Neural activity underlying the detection of an object movement by an observer during forward self-motion: Dynamic decoding and temporal evolution of directional cortical connectivity. Prog Neurobiol 2020; 195:101824. [PMID: 32446882 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2020.101824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2020] [Revised: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Relatively little is known about how the human brain identifies movement of objects while the observer is also moving in the environment. This is, ecologically, one of the most fundamental motion processing problems, critical for survival. To study this problem, we used a task which involved nine textured spheres moving in depth, eight simulating the observer's forward motion while the ninth, the target, moved independently with a different speed towards or away from the observer. Capitalizing on the high temporal resolution of magnetoencephalography (MEG) we trained a Support Vector Classifier (SVC) using the sensor-level data to identify correct and incorrect responses. Using the same MEG data, we addressed the dynamics of cortical processes involved in the detection of the independently moving object and investigated whether we could obtain confirmatory evidence for the brain activity patterns used by the classifier. Our findings indicate that response correctness could be reliably predicted by the SVC, with the highest accuracy during the blank period after motion and preceding the response. The spatial distribution of the areas critical for the correct prediction was similar but not exclusive to areas underlying the evoked activity. Importantly, SVC identified frontal areas otherwise not detected with evoked activity that seem to be important for the successful performance in the task. Dynamic connectivity further supported the involvement of frontal and occipital-temporal areas during the task periods. This is the first study to dynamically map cortical areas using a fully data-driven approach in order to investigate the neural mechanisms involved in the detection of moving objects during observer's self-motion.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Kozhemiako
- Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada; Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - A S Nunes
- Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada; Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA.
| | - A Samal
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Neurology and the Graduate Program for Neuroscience, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - K D Rana
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Neurology and the Graduate Program for Neuroscience, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA; National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - F J Calabro
- Department of Psychiatry and Biomedical Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
| | - M S Hämäläinen
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - S Khan
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - L M Vaina
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Neurology and the Graduate Program for Neuroscience, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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Ray SS, Asthana S, Agarwal T, Singothu S, Samal A, Banerjee I, Pal K, Pramanik K. Molecular docking and interactions of pueraria tuberosa with vascular endothelial growth factor receptors. Indian J Pharm Sci 2015; 77:439-45. [PMID: 26664060 PMCID: PMC4649782 DOI: 10.4103/0250-474x.164780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Pueraria tuberosa is known for its therapeutic potentials in cardiovascular disorders, but its effect in angiogenesis has not been studied so far. In this study, a computational approach has been applied to elucidate the role of the phytochemicals in inhibition of angiogenesis through modulation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptors: Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2, major factors responsible for angiogenesis. Metabolite structures retrieved from PubChem and KNApSAcK – 3D databases, were docked using AutoDock4.2 tool. Hydrogen bond and molecular docking, absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion and toxicity predictions were carried out using UCSF Chimera, LigPlot+ and PreADMET server, respectively. From the docking analysis, it was observed that puerarone and tuberostan had significant binding affinity for the intracellular kinase domain of vascular endothelial growth factor receptors-1 and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 respectively. It is important to mention that both the phytochemicals shared similar interaction profile as that of standard inhibitors of vascular endothelial growth factor receptors. Also, both puerarone and tuberostan interacted with Lys861/Lys868 (adenosine 5’-triphosphate binding site of vascular endothelial growth factor receptors-1/vascular endothelial growth factor receptors-2), thus providing a clue that they may enforce their inhibitory effect by blocking the adenosine 5’-triphosphate binding domain of vascular endothelial growth factor receptors. Moreover, these molecules exhibited good drug-likeness, absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion properties without any carcinogenic and toxic effects. The interaction pattern of the puerarone and tuberostan may provide a hint for a novel drug design for vascular endothelial growth factor tyrosine kinase receptors with better specificity to treat angiogenic disorders.
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Kanter G, Samal A, Coskun O, Gandhi A. Electronic equalization for enabling communications at OC-192 rates using OC-48 components. Opt Express 2003; 11:2019-2029. [PMID: 19466088 DOI: 10.1364/oe.11.002019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We propose using electronic equalization technology to allow components typically used in 2.5Gb/s systems to be used at 10Gb/s. We simulate the performance of links exploiting this concept and study the effect of receiver bandwidth on equalized systems in general. Links utilizing transmitters designed for 2.5Gb/s rates are experimentally demonstrated. Experiments also show that photo-receivers with 2.5 GHz bandwidths add minimal penalty when post-detection electronic equalization is employed.
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Sharma A, Samal A, Narang S, Gutpa A, Ram J, Gupta A. Frequency doubled Nd:YAG (532 nm) laser photocoagulation in corneal vascularisation: efficacy and time sequenced changes. Indian J Ophthalmol 2001; 49:235-40. [PMID: 12930115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the efficacy of frequency-doubled Nd:YAG (532 nm) laser treatment in quiescent corneal vascularisation, and to record the sequential changes in lasered vessels and complications in eyes with one and two quadrant vascularisation. METHODS Thirty eyes (30 patients)--15 eyes (15 patients) with one-quadrant and 15 eyes (15 patients) with two-quadrant corneal vascularisation were treated. Frequency-doubled Nd:YAG laser (532 nm) was used at laser setting of 120-480 mw power, 50-150 mm spot size and 0.05 sec pulse duration. The area of corneal vascularisation, status of treated corneal vessels, area of corneal opacity and visual acuity were recorded before treatment, at one week after treatment and thereafter at monthly intervals up to three months. RESULTS The mean area of corneal vascularisation decreased from 20.09% to 8.31% of the total corneal area in group I (p<0.01) and from 44.34% to 20.67% of the total corneal area in group II (p<0.01) at 3 months' follow-up. The mean reduction in the area of corneal vascularisation was 58.64% in group I and 53.38% in group II (p>0.05). Of 148 corneal vessels treated, 60 (44.6%) were totally occluded, 44 (30%) partially occluded, 37 (28%) recanalized and there was one shunt vessel at one week following laser treatment. At three months' follow-up, 80 (54.15%) vessels were totally occluded, 14 (9%) partially occluded, 52 (35.14%) recanalised and two shunt vessels appeared. Thus, at three months' follow-up, the number of totally occluded vessels increased and partially occluded vessels decreased. Superficial corneal haemorrhage was observed in 4 (14%) patients. CONCLUSION Frequency-doubled Nd:YAG (532 nm) laser photocoagulation appears a safe and effective means of reducing the area of corneal vascularisation in quiescent eyes with vascularised corneal opacities.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Sharma
- Department of Ophthalmology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.
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Scott RL, Samal A, Hamdan T, Park MH, Howard R, Mehra MR. Are beta blockers effective in African Americans with systolic heart failure? J Heart Lung Transplant 2001; 20:251. [PMID: 11250500 DOI: 10.1016/s1053-2498(00)00572-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- R L. Scott
- Ochsner Cardiomyopathy and Heart Transplant Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
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Abstract
The oxidation of thiols to corresponding disulfides by Indian Ocean ferromanganese nodules has been studied under varying experimental conditions. More than 90% conversion of thiols (2.5 x 10(-3) mol) was achieved at 35°C using 0.1 g nodules. The oxides of Mn, Fe, Ca, Mg, and Al and surface oxygen in the nodules are most likely responsible for the oxidation of thiols. Under identical conditions the oxidative conversion of thiols decreases in the order 1-dodecanethiol < 1-hexanethiol < 1,4-butanedithiol < alpha-toluenethiol. Copyright 1998 Academic Press. Copyright 1998Academic Press
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Affiliation(s)
- KM Parida
- Regional Research Laboratory, Bhubaneswar, 751 013, India
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