1
|
Musila J, Přidal A. Seasonal Changes in Hemolymph Protein Level and Hypopharyngeal Gland Size Depending on Age and In-Nest Location of Honeybee Workers. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:512. [PMID: 38338155 PMCID: PMC10854915 DOI: 10.3390/ani14030512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
A honeybee colony, as a super-organism, is regulated through age-polyethism. A honeybee worker's age is considered by means of a chronological and biological approach. The biological age is estimated with physiologically related biological markers, e.g., total hemolymph protein content (THP) and hypopharyngeal gland size (HGs), which also vary seasonally. Contemporary insights into the age-related spatial workers' distribution within the hive nest space regarding biological age are insufficiently clarified. This study aimed to monitor changes in selected physiological markers during the entire season in relation to worker age and their spatial position in the hive nest. THP content and HG size analysis was performed in nine colonies for the entire season to compare the physiological markers within and among the groups of the workers whose ages were known and sampled in different hive parts. Seasonal impact on the biomarkers' development was confirmed in known-age workers. In the case of HGs, this impact was the most apparent in 4- and 5-week-old workers. For THP, the seasonal impact was the most obvious in 2-week-old workers. The highest THP was found in 1- and 2-week-old workers during the entire season. Biologically younger workers of the same age were located predominantly in upper hive parts consistently throughout the year and vice versa. These workers showed significantly higher THP in comparison with those sampled below. Regarding the chronological age, the downwards, spatially shifting mechanism of workers within the hive nest while they aged was characterized. We recommend storage of diluted hemolymph samples up to one month before performing an assay if necessary. The physiological context, relation to division of labor and benefits for beekeeping practices are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Antonín Přidal
- Department of Zoology, Fishery, Hydrobiology and Apidology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Přidal A, Musila J, Svoboda J. Condition and Honey Productivity of Honeybee Colonies Depending on Type of Supplemental Feed for Overwintering. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13030323. [PMID: 36766212 PMCID: PMC9913242 DOI: 10.3390/ani13030323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Harvested honey is usually replaced by an alternative sugar to overwinter honeybee colonies. Supplementation of winter stores with beet or cane sucrose is safe for colonies and does not cause winter mortality. Despite this, there are hypotheses that supplementation of inverted sugars has the potential to give better results in overwintering, spring growth, and honey production of the colonies, because bees are consuming already cleaved feed. Therefore, we compared the condition parameters and honey production in 70 colonies at four apiaries overwintered with stores from sucrose or inverted sugars. No statistically significant differences in dependence on the type of the supplemental feed were found. Inverted sugar was more expensive than sucrose for feeding colonies. Economic efficiency, physiological consequences, and other disadvantages of using invert syrups are discussed.
Collapse
|
3
|
Hrebík D, Gondová M, Valentová L, Füzik T, Přidal A, Nováček J, Plevka P. Polyelectrolyte coating of cryo-EM grids improves lateral distribution and prevents aggregation of macromolecules. Acta Crystallogr D Struct Biol 2022; 78:1337-1346. [DOI: 10.1107/s2059798322009299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) is one of the primary methods used to determine the structures of macromolecules and their complexes. With the increased availability of cryo-electron microscopes, the preparation of high-quality samples has become a bottleneck in the cryo-EM structure-determination pipeline. Macromolecules can be damaged during the purification or preparation of vitrified samples for cryo-EM, making them prone to binding to the grid support, to aggregation or to the adoption of preferential orientations at the air–water interface. Here, it is shown that coating cryo-EM grids with a negatively charged polyelectrolyte, such as single-stranded DNA, before applying the sample reduces the aggregation of macromolecules and improves their distribution. The single-stranded DNA-coated grids enabled the determination of high-resolution structures from samples that aggregated on conventional grids. The polyelectrolyte coating reduces the diffusion of macromolecules and thus may limit the negative effects of the contact of macromolecules with the grid support and blotting paper, as well as of the shear forces on macromolecules during grid blotting. Coating grids with polyelectrolytes can readily be employed in any laboratory dealing with cryo-EM sample preparation, since it is fast, simple, inexpensive and does not require specialized equipment.
Collapse
|
4
|
Přidal A, Trávníček P, Kudělka J, Nedomová Š, Ondrušíková S, Trost D, Kumbár V. A Rheological Analysis of Biomaterial Behaviour as a Tool to Detect the Dilution of Heather Honey. Materials (Basel) 2021; 14:ma14102472. [PMID: 34064636 PMCID: PMC8150820 DOI: 10.3390/ma14102472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Heather honey is a valuable and rheologically special type of honey. Its above-average selling price may motivate its intentional violation with a mixture of honey from another botanical origin, the price of which is lower on the market. This work deals with the rheological properties of such devalued heather honey in order to determine the changes in the individual rheological parameters depending on the degree of dilution of the heather honey. For this purpose, a differently diluted heather honey sample series was created and the following rheological parameters were determined: hysteresis area, n-value, yield stress (τ0), parameter B (Weltman model), parameter ϕ, or parameter C (model describing the logarithmic dependence of the complex viscosity on the angular frequency). Part of the work was research into whether the set parameters can be used as comparative parameters. It was found that the hysteresis area does not appear to be a suitable relative comparison parameter due to the high variability. The parameters that appear to be suitable are the relative parameters n-value and the parameter ϕ, which showed the greatest stability. The change in the determined rheological parameters is, depending on the degree of dilution, non-linear with a step change between the samples containing 40% (w/w) and 60% (w/w) of a heather honey.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antonín Přidal
- Department of Zoology, Fisheries, Hydrobiology and Apidology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic;
| | - Petr Trávníček
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (P.T.); (J.K.)
| | - Jan Kudělka
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (P.T.); (J.K.)
| | - Šárka Nedomová
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (Š.N.); (S.O.)
| | - Sylvie Ondrušíková
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (Š.N.); (S.O.)
| | - Daniel Trost
- Department of Technology and Automobile Transport (Section Physics), Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic;
| | - Vojtěch Kumbár
- Department of Technology and Automobile Transport (Section Physics), Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +420-545132128
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Bogusch P, Lukáš J, Šlachta M, Straka J, Šima P, Erhart J, Přidal A. The spread of Colletes hederae Schmidt & Westrich, 1993 continues - first records of this plasterer bee species from Slovakia and the Czech Republic. Biodivers Data J 2021; 9:e66112. [PMID: 33948102 PMCID: PMC8087616 DOI: 10.3897/bdj.9.e66112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Colleteshederae Schmidt & Westrich, 1993 is a cryptic bee species from the C.succinctus species-group. The previous occurrence and spreading of this species were predominantly in south-western Europe. To determine if the species was spreading in Slovak territory, Hederahelix was monitored from autumn 2015. The ivy-bee was first recorded in Slovakia during autumn 2017. This species is widespread inside and around Bratislava; however, it was not recorded under this study in any sites located eastwards. In the Czech Republic, it was not recorded in the south-east part of the country in 2017–2019. In 2020, the occurrence of this species was confirmed in many localities in the south of the country and strong populations were discovered, especially in the towns Znojmo and Mikulov. The populations likely originated from neighbouring Austria, where this species was discovered in 2006 and the localities are usually less than 100 km away from Czech and Slovak localities. A further survey could map a route of the northwards spread of this species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Petr Bogusch
- Univerzita Hradec Králové, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Rokitanského 62, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic Univerzita Hradec Králové, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Rokitanského 62 Hradec Králové Czech Republic
| | - Jozef Lukáš
- Súťažná 10, Bratislava, Slovakia Súťažná 10 Bratislava Slovakia
| | - Martin Šlachta
- Global Change Research Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Lipová 1789/9, , České Budějovice, Czech Republic Global Change Research Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Lipová 1789/9 , České Budějovice Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Straka
- Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Science, Department of Zoology, Viničná 7, Prague, Czech Republic Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Science, Department of Zoology, Viničná 7 Prague Czech Republic
| | - Peter Šima
- Koppert s.r.o., Komárňanská cesta 13, Nové Zámky, Slovakia Koppert s.r.o., Komárňanská cesta 13 Nové Zámky Slovakia
| | - Jan Erhart
- Institute of Parasitology, Biological Centre CAS, Branišovská 31, České Budějovice, Czech Republic Institute of Parasitology, Biological Centre CAS, Branišovská 31 České Budějovice Czech Republic
| | - Antonín Přidal
- Mendel University in Brno, Faculty of AgriSciences, Department of Zoology, Fishery, Hydrobiology and Apidology, zemědělská 1, Brno, Czech Republic Mendel University in Brno, Faculty of AgriSciences, Department of Zoology, Fishery, Hydrobiology and Apidology, zemědělská 1 Brno Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Škubník K, Sukeník L, Buchta D, Füzik T, Procházková M, Moravcová J, Šmerdová L, Přidal A, Vácha R, Plevka P. Capsid opening enables genome release of iflaviruses. Sci Adv 2021; 7:7/1/eabd7130. [PMID: 33523856 PMCID: PMC7775750 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abd7130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The family Iflaviridae includes economically important viruses of the western honeybee such as deformed wing virus, slow bee paralysis virus, and sacbrood virus. Iflaviruses have nonenveloped virions and capsids organized with icosahedral symmetry. The genome release of iflaviruses can be induced in vitro by exposure to acidic pH, implying that they enter cells by endocytosis. Genome release intermediates of iflaviruses have not been structurally characterized. Here, we show that conformational changes and expansion of iflavirus RNA genomes, which are induced by acidic pH, trigger the opening of iflavirus particles. Capsids of slow bee paralysis virus and sacbrood virus crack into pieces. In contrast, capsids of deformed wing virus are more flexible and open like flowers to release their genomes. The large openings in iflavirus particles enable the fast exit of genomes from capsids, which decreases the probability of genome degradation by the RNases present in endosomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karel Škubník
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lukáš Sukeník
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics and National Centre for Biomolecular Research, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - David Buchta
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Tibor Füzik
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Michaela Procházková
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Moravcová
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Šmerdová
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Antonín Přidal
- Department of Zoology, Fishery, Hydrobiology, and Apidology, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1/1665, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Robert Vácha
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics and National Centre for Biomolecular Research, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Plevka
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Affiliation(s)
- Petr Trávníček
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Agronomy; Mendel University in Brno; Zemědělská 1 Brno 61300 Czech Republic
| | - Antonín Přidal
- Department of Zoology, Fisheries, Hydrobiology and Apidology, Faculty of Agronomy; Mendel University in Brno; Zemědělská 1 Brno 61300 Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Přidal A. Checklist of the bees in the Czech Republic and Slovakia with comments on their distribution and taxonomy (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Apoidea). Acta Univ Agric Silvic Mendelianae Brun 2015. [DOI: 10.11118/actaun200452010029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
|
9
|
Přidal A, Svoboda J. Queen introduction into the queenright honey bee colony. Acta Univ Agric Silvic Mendelianae Brun 2014. [DOI: 10.11118/actaun201058050307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
|
10
|
Přidal A, Veselý P. Changes in the composition of the bee populations of the Mohelno Serpentine Steppe after 70 years (Hymenoptera: Apiformes). Acta Univ Agric Silvic Mendelianae Brun 2014. [DOI: 10.11118/actaun201159060291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
|
11
|
Tlačbaba J, Černý M, Dostál P, Přidal A. The Acoustic Emission in the Nest of the Honey Bee Depending on the Extreme Weather Conditions. Acta Univ Agric Silvic Mendelianae Brun 2014. [DOI: 10.11118/actaun201462010245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
|
12
|
Tlačbaba J, Černý M, Přidal A, Dostál P. Application of the selected physical methods in biological research. Acta Univ Agric Silvic Mendelianae Brun 2013. [DOI: 10.11118/actaun201361010215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
|