1
|
Dabkowski E, Porter JE, Barbagallo M, Prokopiv V, Snell C, Missen K. A systematic literature review of workplace physical activity programs: an exploration of barriers and enabling factors. Cogent Psychology 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/23311908.2023.2186327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Elissa Dabkowski
- Research Fellow Collaborative Evaluation & Research Group (CERG) Federation University Australia, Churchill, Victoria, Australia
| | - Joanne E Porter
- Director of the Collaborative Evaluation & Research Group (CERG) Federation University Australia, Churchill, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michael Barbagallo
- Scholarly Teaching Fellow Institute of Health and Wellbeing Federation University Australia, Churchill, Victoria, Australia
| | - Val Prokopiv
- Research Fellow Collaborative Evaluation & Research Group (CERG) Federation University Australia, Churchill, Victoria, Australia
| | - Christopher Snell
- Program Co-ordinator Physiotherapy Institute of Health and Wellbeing Federation University Australia, Churchill, Victoria, Australia
| | - Karen Missen
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing Federation University Australia, Churchill, Victoria, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Gough M, Kwah K, Khan T, He Y, Pyke C, Ratnayake G, Snell C, Hooper J, Kryza T. Development of antibody-drug conjugates targeting the CDCP1 receptor for the treatment of Triple negative and metastatic breast cancer. Eur J Cancer 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(22)01571-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
3
|
McWilliams E, Yablon D, Kesim R, Ge R, Donkoh A, Abdelnour M, George C, Muther E, Oates G, Riekert K, Sathe M, Sawicki G, Snell C, Phillips M, Eaton C. 303 A systematic review of behavioral change techniques in mobile health interventions for adherence or self-management: application to people with cystic fibrosis. J Cyst Fibros 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(22)00993-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
4
|
Scott NP, Teoh EJ, Flight H, Jones BE, Niederer J, Mustata L, MacLean GM, Roy PG, Remoundos DD, Snell C, Liu C, Gleeson FV, Harris AL, Lord SR, McGowan DR. Characterising 18F-fluciclovine uptake in breast cancer through the use of dynamic PET/CT imaging. Br J Cancer 2022; 126:598-605. [PMID: 34795409 PMCID: PMC8854436 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-021-01623-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND 18F-fluciclovine is a synthetic amino acid positron emission tomography (PET) radiotracer that is approved for use in prostate cancer. In this clinical study, we characterised the kinetic model best describing the uptake of 18F-fluciclovine in breast cancer and assessed differences in tracer kinetics and static parameters for different breast cancer receptor subtypes and tumour grades. METHODS Thirty-nine patients with pathologically proven breast cancer underwent 20-min dynamic PET/computed tomography imaging following the administration of 18F-fluciclovine. Uptake into primary breast tumours was evaluated using one- and two-tissue reversible compartmental kinetic models and static parameters. RESULTS A reversible one-tissue compartment model was shown to best describe tracer uptake in breast cancer. No significant differences were seen in kinetic or static parameters for different tumour receptor subtypes or grades. Kinetic and static parameters showed a good correlation. CONCLUSIONS 18F-fluciclovine has potential in the imaging of primary breast cancer, but kinetic analysis may not have additional value over static measures of tracer uptake. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT03036943.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N P Scott
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - E J Teoh
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
- Blue Earth Diagnostics Ltd, Oxford Science Park, Oxford, UK
| | - H Flight
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - B E Jones
- Royal Berkshire NHS Foundation Trust, Reading, UK
| | - J Niederer
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - L Mustata
- Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - G M MacLean
- Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - P G Roy
- Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - D D Remoundos
- Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - C Snell
- Mater Research, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Mater Pathology, Mater Hospital Brisbane, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - C Liu
- Mater Pathology, Mater Hospital Brisbane, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - F V Gleeson
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - A L Harris
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Oxford, UK
| | - S R Lord
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - D R McGowan
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
- Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Bouquet J, Li T, Gardy JL, Kang X, Stevens S, Stevens J, VanNess M, Snell C, Potts J, Miller RR, Morshed M, McCabe M, Parker S, Uyaguari M, Tang P, Steiner T, Chan WS, De Souza AM, Mattman A, Patrick DM, Chiu CY. Whole blood human transcriptome and virome analysis of ME/CFS patients experiencing post-exertional malaise following cardiopulmonary exercise testing. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0212193. [PMID: 30897114 PMCID: PMC6428308 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0212193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Myalgic encephalomyelitis / chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) is a syndrome of unknown etiology characterized by profound fatigue exacerbated by physical activity, also known as post-exertional malaise (PEM). Previously, we did not detect evidence of immune dysregulation or virus reactivation outside of PEM periods. Here we sought to determine whether cardiopulmonary exercise stress testing of ME/CFS patients could trigger such changes. ME/CFS patients (n = 14) and matched sedentary controls (n = 11) were subjected to cardiopulmonary exercise on 2 consecutive days and followed up to 7 days post-exercise, and longitudinal whole blood samples analyzed by RNA-seq. Although ME/CFS patients showed significant worsening of symptoms following exercise versus controls, with 8 of 14 ME/CFS patients showing reduced oxygen consumption ([Formula: see text]) on day 2, transcriptome analysis yielded only 6 differentially expressed gene (DEG) candidates when comparing ME/CFS patients to controls across all time points. None of the DEGs were related to immune signaling, and no DEGs were found in ME/CFS patients before and after exercise. Virome composition (P = 0.746 by chi-square test) and number of viral reads (P = 0.098 by paired t-test) were not significantly associated with PEM. These observations do not support transcriptionally-mediated immune cell dysregulation or viral reactivation in ME/CFS patients during symptomatic PEM episodes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jerome Bouquet
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Tony Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Jennifer L. Gardy
- Communicable Disease Prevention and Control Services, Vancouver, Canada
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Xiaoying Kang
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Staci Stevens
- Workwell Foundation, Ripon, California, United States of America
| | - Jared Stevens
- Workwell Foundation, Ripon, California, United States of America
| | - Mark VanNess
- Workwell Foundation, Ripon, California, United States of America
| | | | - James Potts
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Ruth R. Miller
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Muhammad Morshed
- British Columbia Centre for Disease Control Public Health Laboratory, Vancouver, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Mark McCabe
- Communicable Disease Prevention and Control Services, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Shoshana Parker
- Centre for Health Evaluation Outcome Sciences, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Miguel Uyaguari
- British Columbia Centre for Disease Control Public Health Laboratory, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Patrick Tang
- Department of Pathology, Sidra Medical and Research Center, Doha, Qatar
| | - Theodore Steiner
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Wee-Shian Chan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | | | - Andre Mattman
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Adult Metabolic Disease Clinic, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, Canada
| | - David M. Patrick
- Communicable Disease Prevention and Control Services, Vancouver, Canada
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Charles Y. Chiu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Snell C, Coleman S, Van Hal M, Rashidian F, Okum G, Green MS. Crohn's disease-associated silent aspiration in the outpatient setting: Anesthesiologists beware. Saudi J Anaesth 2018; 12:339-342. [PMID: 29628853 PMCID: PMC5875231 DOI: 10.4103/sja.sja_663_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Every anesthesia provider fears aspiration of gastric contents during an anesthetic, and it may occur even in the absence of overt signs such as coughing or choking. Whether the aspiration is frank or silent, catastrophic and deleterious consequences may ensue. Therefore, familiarity with risk factors for silent aspiration is essential. Crohn's disease reportedly delays gastric emptying making these patients more susceptible to silent aspiration during surgery. Anesthesia providers must be cognizant of this risk and vigilant in the recognition to formulate a specific treatment plan preoperatively. We present a case of an ambulatory surgical patient with suspected silent aspiration undiagnosed by the anesthesia care team before induction of anesthesia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Snell
- Department of Anesthesia, Drexel University College of Medicine, Hahnemann University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Scott Coleman
- Department of Anesthesia, Drexel University College of Medicine, Hahnemann University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Michele Van Hal
- Department of Anesthesia, Drexel University College of Medicine, Hahnemann University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Farshad Rashidian
- Department of Anesthesia, Drexel University College of Medicine, Hahnemann University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Gary Okum
- Department of Anesthesia, Drexel University College of Medicine, Hahnemann University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Michael Stuart Green
- Department of Anesthesia, Drexel University College of Medicine, Hahnemann University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Fan SJ, Snell C, Turley H, Li JL, McCormick R, Perera SMW, Heublein S, Kazi S, Azad A, Wilson C, Harris AL, Goberdhan DCI. PAT4 levels control amino-acid sensitivity of rapamycin-resistant mTORC1 from the Golgi and affect clinical outcome in colorectal cancer. Oncogene 2016; 35:3004-15. [PMID: 26434594 PMCID: PMC4705441 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2015.363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2015] [Revised: 08/14/2015] [Accepted: 08/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Tumour cells can use strategies that make them resistant to nutrient deprivation to outcompete their neighbours. A key integrator of the cell's responses to starvation and other stresses is amino-acid-dependent mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1). Activation of mTORC1 on late endosomes and lysosomes is facilitated by amino-acid transporters within the solute-linked carrier 36 (SLC36) and SLC38 families. Here, we analyse the functions of SLC36 family member, SLC36A4, otherwise known as proton-assisted amino-acid transporter 4 (PAT4), in colorectal cancer. We show that independent of other major pathological factors, high PAT4 expression is associated with reduced relapse-free survival after colorectal cancer surgery. Consistent with this, PAT4 promotes HCT116 human colorectal cancer cell proliferation in culture and tumour growth in xenograft models. Inducible knockdown in HCT116 cells reveals that PAT4 regulates a form of mTORC1 with two distinct properties: first, it preferentially targets eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E-binding protein 1 (4E-BP1), and second, it is resistant to rapamycin treatment. Furthermore, in HCT116 cells two non-essential amino acids, glutamine and serine, which are often rapidly metabolised by tumour cells, regulate rapamycin-resistant mTORC1 in a PAT4-dependent manner. Overexpressed PAT4 is also able to promote rapamycin resistance in human embryonic kidney-293 cells. PAT4 is predominantly associated with the Golgi apparatus in a range of cell types, and in situ proximity ligation analysis shows that PAT4 interacts with both mTORC1 and its regulator Rab1A on the Golgi. These findings, together with other studies, suggest that differentially localised intracellular amino-acid transporters contribute to the activation of alternate forms of mTORC1. Furthermore, our data predict that colorectal cancer cells with high PAT4 expression will be more resistant to depletion of serine and glutamine, allowing them to survive and outgrow neighbouring normal and tumorigenic cells, and potentially providing a new route for pharmacological intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S-J Fan
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - C Snell
- Molecular Oncology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - H Turley
- Molecular Oncology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - J-L Li
- Molecular Oncology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - R McCormick
- Molecular Oncology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - S M W Perera
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - S Heublein
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - S Kazi
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - A Azad
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - C Wilson
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - A L Harris
- Molecular Oncology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - D C I Goberdhan
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Wong KK, Gascoyne DM, Brown PJ, Soilleux EJ, Snell C, Chen H, Lyne L, Lawrie CH, Gascoyne RD, Pedersen LM, Møller MB, Pulford K, Murphy D, Green TM, Banham AH. Erratum: Reciprocal expression of the endocytic protein HIP1R and its repressor FOXP1 predicts outcome in R-CHOP-treated diffuse large B-cell lymphoma patients. Leukemia 2014. [DOI: 10.1038/leu.2013.276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
9
|
Wong KK, Gascoyne DM, Brown PJ, Soilleux EJ, Snell C, Chen H, Lyne L, Lawrie CH, Gascoyne RD, Pedersen LM, Møller MB, Pulford K, Murphy D, Green TM, Banham AH. Reciprocal expression of the endocytic protein HIP1R and its repressor FOXP1 predicts outcome in R-CHOP-treated diffuse large B-cell lymphoma patients. Leukemia 2013; 28:362-72. [PMID: 23884370 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2013.224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2013] [Revised: 07/18/2013] [Accepted: 07/19/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
We previously identified autoantibodies to the endocytic-associated protein Huntingtin-interacting protein 1-related (HIP1R) in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) patients. HIP1R regulates internalization of cell surface receptors via endocytosis, a process relevant to many therapeutic strategies including CD20 targeting with rituximab. In this study, we characterized HIP1R expression patterns, investigated a mechanism of transcriptional regulation and its clinical relevance in DLBCL patients treated with immunochemotherapy (rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine and prednisone, R-CHOP). HIP1R was preferentially expressed in germinal center B-cell-like DLBCL (P<0.0001) and inversely correlated with the activated B-cell-like DLBCL (ABC-DLBCL) associated transcription factor, Forkhead box P1 (FOXP1). HIP1R was confirmed as a direct FOXP1 target gene in ABC-DLBCL by FOXP1-targeted silencing and chromatin immunoprecipitation. Lower HIP1R protein expression (≤ 10% tumoral positivity) significantly correlated with inferior overall survival (OS, P=0.0003) and progression-free survival (PFS, P=0.0148) in R-CHOP-treated DLBCL patients (n=157). Reciprocal expression with ≥ 70% FOXP1 positivity defined FOXP1(hi)/HIP1R(lo) patients with particularly poor outcome (OS, P=0.0001; PFS, P=0.0016). In an independent R-CHOP-treated DLBCL (n=233) microarray data set, patients with transcript expression in lower quartile HIP1R and FOXP1(hi)/HIP1R(lo) subgroups exhibited worse OS, P=0.0044 and P=0.0004, respectively. HIP1R repression by FOXP1 is strongly associated with poor outcome, thus further understanding of FOXP1-HIP1R and/or endocytic signaling pathways might give rise to novel therapeutic options for DLBCL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K K Wong
- 1] NDCLS, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK [2] Department of Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - D M Gascoyne
- NDCLS, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - P J Brown
- NDCLS, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - E J Soilleux
- NDCLS, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - C Snell
- NDCLS, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - H Chen
- Centre for Human Proteomics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - L Lyne
- NDCLS, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - C H Lawrie
- 1] NDCLS, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK [2] Biodonostia Research Institute, San Sebastian, Spain [3] IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
| | - R D Gascoyne
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, Centre for Lymphoid Cancer, BC Cancer Agency and BC Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, Canada
| | - L M Pedersen
- Department of Haematology, Roskilde Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - M B Møller
- Department of Pathology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - K Pulford
- NDCLS, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - D Murphy
- 1] Centre for Human Proteomics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland [2] School of Biological Sciences, Dublin Institute of Technology, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - T M Green
- Department of Pathology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - A H Banham
- NDCLS, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Jason LA, Unger ER, Dimitrakoff JD, Fagin AP, Houghton M, Cook DB, Marshall GD, Klimas N, Snell C. Minimum data elements for research reports on CFS. Brain Behav Immun 2012; 26:401-6. [PMID: 22306456 PMCID: PMC4643273 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2012.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2011] [Revised: 01/10/2012] [Accepted: 01/18/2012] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) is a debilitating condition that has received increasing attention from researchers in the past decade. However, it has become difficult to compare data collected in different laboratories due to the variability in basic information regarding descriptions of sampling methods, patient characteristics, and clinical assessments. The issue of variability in CFS research was recently highlighted at the NIH's 2011 State of the Knowledge of CFS meeting prompting researchers to consider the critical information that should be included in CFS research reports. To address this problem, we present our consensus on the minimum data elements that should be included in all CFS research reports, along with additional elements that are currently being evaluated in specific research studies that show promise as important patient descriptors for subgrouping of CFS. These recommendations are intended to improve the consistency of reported methods and the interpretability of reported results. Adherence to minimum standards and increased reporting consistency will allow for better comparisons among published CFS articles, provide guidance for future research and foster the generation of knowledge that can directly benefit the patient.
Collapse
|
11
|
Fernandez E, Orrell D, Snell C, Chassagnole C. 565 The Virtual Tumour, a predictive simulation platform to optimize anti-cancer drug scheduling and combination. EJC Suppl 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6349(10)72272-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
|
12
|
Singh H, Kumasaka K, Stevens S, Snell C, VanNess JM. A Scoring System To Aid In The Interpretation Of Cardiopulmonary Test Results. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2009. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000355322.61578.e7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
13
|
Emery B, Merson TD, Snell C, Young KM, Ernst M, Kilpatrick TJ. SOCS3 negatively regulates LIF signaling in neural precursor cells. Mol Cell Neurosci 2006; 31:739-47. [PMID: 16497512 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2006.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2005] [Revised: 12/23/2005] [Accepted: 01/03/2006] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytokines that signal through the LIFRbeta/gp130 receptor complex, including LIF and CNTF, promote the self-renewal of embryonic and adult neural precursor cells (NPCs). In non-CNS tissues, the protein suppressor of cytokine signaling-3 (SOCS3) negatively regulates signaling through gp130. Here, we analyze the role of SOCS3 in inhibiting LIF signaling in NPCs in vitro. SOCS3 is rapidly expressed by NPCs in response to LIF stimulation, with this expression largely dependent on recruitment of STAT proteins to the activated gp130 receptor. Proliferating NPC cultures can be generated from SOCS3 knockout (SOCS3KO/KO) embryos and display prolonged STAT3 phosphorylation and induction of the GFAP gene in response to LIF. In comparison with SOCS3 wild-type (SOCS3WT/WT) NPCs, SOCS3KO/KO cultures display enhanced self-renewal capacity. However, the clonal potential of SOCS3WT/WT but not SOCS3KO/KO NPCs is enhanced by exogenous LIF. Thus, SOCS3 acts as a negative regulator of LIF signaling in NPCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B Emery
- Multiple Sclerosis Group, The Howard Florey Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Emery B, Butzkueven H, Snell C, Binder M, Kilpatrick TJ. Oligodendrocytes exhibit selective expression of suppressor of cytokine signaling genes and signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 independent inhibition of interferon-gamma-induced toxicity in response to leukemia inhibitory factor. Neuroscience 2005; 137:463-72. [PMID: 16289836 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2005.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2005] [Revised: 08/08/2005] [Accepted: 09/20/2005] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune disease of the CNS that results in the death of oligodendrocytes, the myelinating cells of the CNS. Previous studies have indicated that the cytokine leukemia inhibitory factor prevents the cytotoxic effects of interferon-gamma on oligodendrocytes in vitro, and the death of oligodendrocytes in an animal model of multiple sclerosis. Members of a recently characterized family of proteins, the suppressors of cytokine signaling, have been demonstrated to mediate negative cross-talk between cytokines, with induction of suppressors of cytokine signaling proteins by one cytokine inhibiting the activity of a second. Here, we assess whether induction of members of the suppressors of cytokine signaling family could explain the antagonistic biological effects of leukemia inhibitory factor and interferon-gamma upon oligodendrocytes. It is found that leukemia inhibitory factor rapidly and strongly induces the expression of suppressors of cytokine signaling-3 in cultured rat oligodendrocytes, whereas interferon-gamma weakly induces the expression of both suppressor of cytokine signaling-1 and 3. Pre-treatment of oligodendrocytes with leukemia inhibitory factor does not prevent the subsequent phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription-1 by interferon-gamma indicating that the leukemia inhibitory factor inhibition of interferon-gamma toxicity in oligodendrocytes is mediated by a suppressor of cytokine signaling-3 independent mechanism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B Emery
- Multiple Sclerosis Group, The Howard Florey Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Gottlieb NH, Loukas A, Corrao M, McAlister A, Snell C, Huang PP. Minors' tobacco possession law violations and intentions to smoke: implications for tobacco control. Tob Control 2005; 13:237-43. [PMID: 15333878 PMCID: PMC1747908 DOI: 10.1136/tc.2003.003988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To test: (1) whether citation under the Minors in Possession (MIP) law, vicarious citation (knowing someone who was cited), and threat of driving licence suspension are associated with decreased intentions to smoke next year; and (2) whether the policy is differentially enforced. SUBJECTS 28,249 white, Hispanic, and African American students in grades 6-12 (11-18 years old) participated in the study. METHOD The 86 item anonymous Texas Youth Tobacco Survey was completed by students attending 37 schools in 14 east and central Texas communities. RESULTS Hierarchical linear modelling showed that MIP citation was unrelated to the future smoking intentions of most youth. However, there was a negative association between citation and smoking intentions for ever daily smoking youth at four schools. Threat of licence suspension was associated with a lower likelihood of future smoking intentions among ever daily smoking youth and vicarious citation did not deter youth from future smoking. African American and Hispanic youth had a higher probability of being cited than their peers. CONCLUSIONS Threat of driving licence suspension has the intended effect upon youth who are/were committed smokers and MIP citation has the intended effect upon committed smokers at only four schools. However, differential enforcement of the law based on ethnicity may be occurring. Before drawing firm conclusions, current findings must be replicated with longitudinal data to determine the consequences of citation on subsequent tobacco use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N H Gottlieb
- Department of Kinesiology & Health Education, The University of Texas at Austin, Bellmont Hall 222, Austin, TX 78712, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Assadi M, Sharpe JC, Snell C, Loh YP. The C-terminus of prohormone convertase 2 is sufficient and necessary for Raft association and sorting to the regulated secretory pathway. Biochemistry 2004; 43:7798-807. [PMID: 15196022 DOI: 10.1021/bi036331g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Prohormone convertase 2 (PC2) is a member of the subtilisin family of proteases involved in prohormone maturation in the granules of the regulated secretory pathway (RSP). It has been suggested that targeting of this enzyme to the RSP is dependent on its association with lipid rafts in membranes at the trans-Golgi network. Here, we investigate the orientation of PC2 in granule membranes and the role of the C-terminus in sorting of the enzyme to the RSP. Molecular modeling and circular dichroism showed that this domain of PC2 forms an alpha-helix and inserts into artificial membranes. Furthermore, we show that the C-terminus of PC2 can be biotinylated at the C-terminus in intact chromaffin granules, indicating that it is a transmembrane protein. To determine if the PC2 C-terminus is necessary for raft association and sorting, we transfected a chimera of CPEDelta15 (carboxypeptidase E without the last 15 residues) and the last 25 residues of PC2 (CPEDelta15-PC2), and a truncated PC2 mutant with the last 6 residues deleted (PC2Delta6) into Neuro2a cells. Whereas CPEDelta15 was not raft-associated or sorted to the RSP, addition of the 25 residues of PC2 C-terminus to CPEDelta15 restored raft association and localization to the RSP granules, as determined by immunocytochemistry. Deletion of the last 6 residues of PC2 eliminated lipid raft association and sorting of PC2Delta6 to the RSP. These results showed that the PC2 C-terminus confers raft association and is sufficient and necessary for sorting PC2 to the RSP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masoumeh Assadi
- Section on Cellular Neurobiology, Laboratory of Developmental Neurobiology, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-4480, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Abstract
Level of care decisions in managed care require matching the patient's intensity of symptoms with the appropriate placement in the least restrictive setting. In planning appropriate treatment for a patient, the case manager at a managed care organization (MCO) considers "Why now?," examining the patient's diagnosis, as well as other pertinent factors, such as precipitant and the proximal cause for the patient's request for help. Team efforts between the MCO clinicians and the patient's treating clinicians improve the likelihood of patient/treatment outcome.
Collapse
|
18
|
Abstract
The retinoid X receptors (RXR-alpha, RXR-beta and RXR-gamma) are members of the steroid-thyroid hormone receptor superfamily of ligand-dependent transcription factors. They appear to function as auxiliary proteins that regulate high-affinity DNA binding and enhance transcriptional activity through heterodimer formation with other members of the superfamily. The RXR-alpha, RXR-beta and RXR-gamma proteins bind and are activated by the naturally occurring retinoid, 9-cis-retinoic acid. Structural similarities are apparent between retinoic acid and various eicosanoids, raising the possibility that eicosanoids may also activate retinoid receptors in vivo. We present evidence that lipoxygenase metabolites of arachidonic acid at submicromolar concentrations are capable of activating RXR-gamma activity in transient transfection assays. In addition, molecular modelling predicts conformational similarities between some lipoxygenase products and retinoic acid. Consistent with this, hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids are known to mimic some actions of retinoids in cell-based assays. These observations raise the possibility that eicosanoids, already known to act both as local hormones and as intracellular second messengers, may also have a direct role in transcriptional activation via nuclear receptors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N S Eager
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University College and Middlesex School of Medicine, London, U.K
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Lennox B, Snell C, Lamb Y. Response of heartburn symptoms to a new cimetidine/alginate combination compared with an alginic acid/antacid. Br J Clin Pract 1988; 42:503-5. [PMID: 3076786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
|
20
|
Ong EC, Snell C, Fasman GD. Chromatin models. The ionic strength dependence of model histone-DNA interactions: circular dichroism studies of lysine-leucine polypeptide-DNA complexes. Biochemistry 1976; 15:468-77. [PMID: 1252405 DOI: 10.1021/bi00648a003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The ionic strength dependence of the complexes between DNA and both random, (Lysx, Leuy)n, and block copolymers, (Lysx)n(Leuy)m, of lysine and leucine, with different amino acid compositions, was studied using circular dichroism (CD) as the probe to detect conformational differences in these complexes relative to native DNA. It was found that the CD spectra of complexes of both the random (Lys84, Leu16)n and block (Lys85)n(Leu15)m copolymers with DNA show a very sharp ionic strength dependence. The maximum altered CD spectrum for the complexes with the block copolymer was found to occur at the same ionic strength as that for poly(L-lysine)-DNA complexes, while the maximum CD change for the random copolymer complex occurred at a slightly lower ionic strength. This sharp dependence of the CD change on the ionic strength was found to be independent of the polymer/DNA ratio, r, for each individual copolymer. The CD spectra for these complexes at optimum NaCl concentration resemble those of the psi spectra of DNA [Jordan, C. F., Lerman, L.S., and Venable, J.H. (1972), Nature (London), New Biol. 236, 67]. The complexes of the random copolymer, (Lys68, Leu32)n, with DNA (r=0.25) at 0.15 M NaCl and below have CD spectra that resemble the A-form DNA spectra. The ionic strength dependence of the CD spectra of this complex is not as sharp as observed with the above polymers and has a broad positive plateau. It is suggested that both the CD spectra of these complexes reflect the phenomena of DNA condensation into a higher order asymmetric structure (folded and compact). The block copolymer, (Lys77)n(Leu23)m, complexes with DNA show very slight alterations in the CD spectra, with respect to native DNA. It appears that the long Leu sequence at one end of such copolymers may be unpropitious for causing the polypeptide-DNA complex to condense into a higher order asymmetric structure. Thus the importance of the distribution of hydrophobic residues, in the copolypeptides of Lys, is shown for causing condensation of complexes with DNA. The relevance of these findings to histone-DNA complexes in chromatin is discussed.
Collapse
|