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Mohamed-Bibi S, Vaqué-Crusellas C. Perceived barriers and facilitators to healthy eating among Pakistani women participating in the PakCat program in Catalonia: A qualitative approach. Appetite 2024; 194:107166. [PMID: 38145584 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2023.107166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
Immigrant women of Pakistani origin are among the most at-risk groups for type 2 diabetes, obesity, and heart failure in Catalonia. As the incidence of these diseases is associated with lifestyle factors, we approached this community with participatory research and conducted six focus groups (N = 36) among Pakistani women participating in the PakCat Program. The research process of this paper adhered to the COREQ checklist. Through the thematic analysis, we identified six main themes: social beliefs and attitudes, family environment, personal factors, dietary acculturation, traditional dietary patterns, and economic factors. We discovered both facilitators and barriers associated with each theme, but the findings indicated that Pakistani women encounter more inhibitors than enablers to following a healthy diet. The determination of these factors can facilitate the reinforcement of the aspects that help Pakistani women to follow a healthy diet and provide adequate tools to overcome the barriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saba Mohamed-Bibi
- Department of Social Anthropology, Faculty of Geography and History, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, 08001, Spain
| | - Cristina Vaqué-Crusellas
- Research Group M3O, Methodology, Methods, Models and Outcomes of Health and Social Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences and Welfare, University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia, Vic, 08500, Spain.
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Vaqué-Crusellas C, González-Carrasco M, Casas F. The relationship between subjective well-being and food: a qualitative study based on children's perspectives. Int J Qual Stud Health Well-being 2023; 18:2189218. [PMID: 36896490 PMCID: PMC10013481 DOI: 10.1080/17482631.2023.2189218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Despite the lack of consensus regarding which life satisfaction domains should be included in the study of children's subjective well-being (SWB), some domains are frequently considered, such as satisfaction with health. However, some others, such as satisfaction with food, are barely taken into account, despite the impact eating habits have on children's health and well-being. We adopt a qualitative approach to explore the role food plays in children's SWB, providing for a more in-depth analysis of children's perceptions and evaluations on a still insufficiently known domain of life satisfaction. METHOD Sixteen discussion groups were held with 112 Spanish students (10-12 years old) from six schools. The transcripts were analy sed and themes reflecting the key concepts were defined using reflexive thematic analysis. RESULTS Five themes emerged from the children's discourses on the relationship between food and SWB: health, pleasure, emotions, commensality-i.e., eating together-and food-empowerment-thus offering new insights from children's perspectives. CONCLUSION Almost all of the participants established a relationship between their SWB and their eating behaviour, meaning that, within the challenges facing public health, SWB must be taken into account when promoting healthy eating programmes for children. Also, group discussion is found to be a very powerful tool for exploring topics with subjective connotations among child populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Vaqué-Crusellas
- Department of Social Sciences and Community Health, Centre for Health and Social Care Research (CESS), University of Vic - Central University of Catalonia, Vic, Spain
| | | | - Ferran Casas
- Faculty of Education and Social Sciences, Department of Psychology, University Andrés Bello, Santiago, Chile
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Mohamed-Bibi S, Contreras-Hernández J, Vaqué-Crusellas C. Pakistani Women: Promoting Agents of Healthy Eating Habits in Catalonia-Protocol of a Culturally and Linguistically Appropriate Randomized Control Trial (RCT) Based on the Transtheoretical Model. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:10386. [PMID: 36012027 PMCID: PMC9407959 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191610386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
(1) Introduction: Dietary and lifestyle changes along with the cultural and linguistic barriers convert the immigrant women of Pakistani origin into a risk population for developing metabolic syndrome (MetS) and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). The objective of this project is to evaluate the efficacy of a culturally and linguistically appropriate food education program based on the Transtheoretical model that will allow the participants to become ambassadors of healthy eating habits for their community. (2) Methods: In this community-based RCT, any Pakistani adult woman with residence in Badalona and Santa Coloma de Gramenet will be able to participate. We will use a mixed model approach. From the quantitative perspective, the participants will answer a survey accompanied by a multilingual nutritionist that will help us to determine the sociodemographic, clinical, anthropometric, dietary data, and quality of life. From the qualitative perspective, we will conduct 6 focus groups (3 in each municipality) to determine the cultural and religious beliefs with the aim of tailoring the intervention to the target population. Hereafter, the participants from one municipality will randomly become the control group and from the other, the intervention group. The intervention group will participate in 10 weekly food education sessions based on the Transtheoretical model while the control group will receive 3 general educational sessions on food and health. During the evaluation procedure, we will assess the impact of the intervention considering the outcomes of the study. (3) Discussion: This study will establish intercultural bridges between health professionals and the Pakistani community living in Catalonia. The project will open the door for future interventions, and it will be sustainable in time as the participating women will become health promotion agents for the rest of their community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saba Mohamed-Bibi
- Department of Social Anthropology, Faculty of Geography and History, University of Barcelona, 08001 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jesús Contreras-Hernández
- Observatiorio de Alimentación (ODELA), University of Barcelona, Torribera Food Campus, Santa Coloma de Gramanet, 08921 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Vaqué-Crusellas
- Research Group M3O, Methodology, Methods, Models and Outcomes of Health and Social Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences and Welfare, University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia, 08500 Vic, Spain
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Foguet-Boreu Q, Vilamala-Orra M, Vaqué-Crusellas C, Roura-Poch P, Assens Tauste M, Bori Vila J, Santos-López JM, Del Río Sáez R. Metabolic impact of a nutrition education program for the promotion of fruit and vegetable consumption with people with severe mental disorders (DIETMENT). BMC Res Notes 2022; 15:122. [PMID: 35351204 PMCID: PMC8962513 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-022-06005-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study is to determine the metabolic impact of a nutrition education program on metabolic parameters and the presence of metabolic syndrome (MetS). RESULTS Seventy-four patients were included (mean age, 48.7 years [Standard deviation, SD: 10.8], 55.4% men). The diagnoses of SMD were 37.8% schizophrenia and related disorders; 29.7% bipolar disorder; 25.7% depressive disorder; 4.1% personality disorders; and 2.7% obsessive compulsive disorders. Thirty-seven individuals were distributed in both the intervention group (IG) and the control group (CG). In the IG the presence of MetS was 56.3% and in the CG 46.7%, with no statistically significant difference (p = 0.309). At the end of the study, glomerular filtrate decreased in the IG, body mass index and abdominal perimeter increased in both groups, and there were no changes in metabolic parameters between the groups. Between the baseline and the end of the study, there was no increase in the number of patients diagnosed with MetS (14 at both points); and in the CG the increase was from 8 to 12 (p = 0.005). An intervention based on fruit and vegetable intake could prevent progression to MetS in individuals with SMD, decreasing the likelihood of cardiovascular disease. Trial registration The trial was retrospectively registered on International Standard Randomised Controlled Trial Number (ISRCTN) Register on 11 March 2022 (ISRCTN12024347).
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Affiliation(s)
- Quintí Foguet-Boreu
- Multidisciplinary Research Group in Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry, Vic University Hospital, 08500, Vic, Spain. .,Department of Psychiatry, Vic University Hospital, 08500, Vic, Spain. .,Faculty of Medicine, University of Vic - Central University of Catalonia, Vic, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Mireia Vilamala-Orra
- Research Group on Methodology, Methods, Models and Outcomes of Health and Social Sciences (M3O), Faculty of Health Sciences and Welfare, University of Vic - Central University of Catalonia, 08500, Vic, Spain.,Osonament - Osona Psychopedagogical Medical Center Foundation, 08500, Vic, Spain
| | - Cristina Vaqué-Crusellas
- Research Group on Methodology, Methods, Models and Outcomes of Health and Social Sciences (M3O), Faculty of Health Sciences and Welfare, University of Vic - Central University of Catalonia, 08500, Vic, Spain
| | - Pere Roura-Poch
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Vic University Hospital, 08500, Vic, Spain
| | | | - Judit Bori Vila
- Department of Psychiatry, Vic University Hospital, 08500, Vic, Spain
| | - Jose Manuel Santos-López
- Department of Psychiatry, Vic University Hospital, 08500, Vic, Spain.,Mental Health and Social Innovation Research Group (SaMIS), University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia, 08500, Vic, Spain
| | - Ruben Del Río Sáez
- Osonament - Osona Psychopedagogical Medical Center Foundation, 08500, Vic, Spain.,Mental Health and Social Innovation Research Group (SaMIS), University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia, 08500, Vic, Spain
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Vilamala-Orra M, Vaqué-Crusellas C, Foguet-Boreu Q, Guimerà Gallent M, del Río Sáez R. Applying the Stages of Change Model in a Nutrition Education Programme for the Promotion of Fruit and Vegetable Consumption among People with Severe Mental Disorders (DIETMENT). Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13062105. [PMID: 34205403 PMCID: PMC8235404 DOI: 10.3390/nu13062105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite growing evidence of the benefits of adequate intake of fruit and vegetables (F&V) and the recommendation to consume five servings daily, the adoption of these habits is poor among people with severe mental disorder (SMD). The main aim of the present study is to determine changes in the intake of F&V and motivation to do so among people with SMDs after participating in a food education programme. A community-based randomized controlled trial was conducted in Spain, with the intervention group (IG) participating in a food education programme based on the stages of change model to promote consumption of F&V and the control group (CG) receiving three informative sessions on basic healthy eating. The main outcomes were related to the intake of F&V and stages of change. Data collection was performed at baseline, post intervention, and 12-month follow-up. Seventy-four participants enrolled in the study and sixty completed the 12-month follow-up. An increase in motivation towards the intake of F&V was observed in the IG but not in the CG (McNemar’s test p = 0.016, p = 0.625). No significant difference was observed for the intake of fruit, vegetables, or F&V. Basing food education strategies on the stages of change model shows positive results, increasing the awareness and disposition of people with SMD towards the intake of F&V. More research is needed to identify the most appropriate eating intervention to increase the intake of F&V.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mireia Vilamala-Orra
- Research Group on Methodology, Methods, Models and Outcomes of Health and Social Sciences (M3O), Faculty of Health Sciences and Welfare, University of Vic—Central University of Catalonia, 08500 Vic, Spain;
- Osonament—Osona Psychopedagogical Medical Center Foundation, 08500 Vic, Spain; (M.G.G.); (R.d.R.S.)
| | - Cristina Vaqué-Crusellas
- Research Group on Methodology, Methods, Models and Outcomes of Health and Social Sciences (M3O), Faculty of Health Sciences and Welfare, University of Vic—Central University of Catalonia, 08500 Vic, Spain;
- Correspondence:
| | - Quintí Foguet-Boreu
- Multidisciplinary Research Group in Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital of Vic, University of Vic—Central University of Catalonia, 08500 Vic, Spain;
| | - Marta Guimerà Gallent
- Osonament—Osona Psychopedagogical Medical Center Foundation, 08500 Vic, Spain; (M.G.G.); (R.d.R.S.)
| | - Ruben del Río Sáez
- Osonament—Osona Psychopedagogical Medical Center Foundation, 08500 Vic, Spain; (M.G.G.); (R.d.R.S.)
- Research Group on Mental Health, University of Vic—Central University of Catalonia, 08500 Vic, Spain
- Social Innovation (SaMIS), University of Vic—Central University of Catalonia, 08500 Vic, Spain
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Gebremariam MK, Vaqué-Crusellas C, Andersen LF, Stok FM, Stelmach-Mardas M, Brug J, Lien N. Measurement of availability and accessibility of food among youth: a systematic review of methodological studies. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2017; 14:22. [PMID: 28196495 PMCID: PMC5309994 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-017-0477-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Comprehensive and psychometrically tested measures of availability and accessibility of food are needed in order to explore availability and accessibility as determinants and predictors of dietary behaviors. The main aim of this systematic review was to update the evidence regarding the psychometric properties of measures of food availability and accessibility among youth. A secondary objective was to assess how availability and accessibility were conceptualized in the included studies. Methods A systematic literature search was conducted using Medline, Embase, PsycINFO and Web of Science. Methodological studies published between January 2010 and March 2016 and reporting on at least one psychometric property of a measure of availability and/or accessibility of food among youth were included. Two reviewers independently extracted data and assessed study quality. Existing criteria were used to interpret reliability and validity parameters. Results A total of 20 studies were included. While 16 studies included measures of food availability, three included measures of both availability and accessibility; one study included a measure of accessibility only. Different conceptualizations of availability and accessibility were used across the studies. The measures aimed at assessing availability and/or accessibility in the home environment (n = 11), the school (n = 4), stores (n = 3), childcare/early care and education services (n = 2) and restaurants (n = 1). Most studies followed systematic steps in the development of the measures. The most common psychometrics tested for these measures were test-retest reliability and criterion validity. The majority of the measures had satisfactory evidence of reliability and/or validity. None of the included studies assessed the responsiveness of the measures. Conclusions The review identified several measures of food availability or accessibility among youth with satisfactory evidence of reliability and/or validity. Findings indicate a need for more studies including measures of accessibility and addressing its conceptualization. More testing of some of the identified measures in different population groups is also warranted, as is the development of more measures of food availability and accessibility in the broader environment such as the neighborhood food environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mekdes K Gebremariam
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, PO Box 1046, Blindern, N-0316, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Cristina Vaqué-Crusellas
- Faculty of Health Science and Wellbeing, University of Vic-University Central of Catalonia, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lene F Andersen
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, PO Box 1046, Blindern, N-0316, Oslo, Norway
| | - F Marijn Stok
- Department of Psychological Assessment and Health Psychology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Marta Stelmach-Mardas
- Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany.,Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Metabolic Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Johannes Brug
- Amsterdam School of Communication Research, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nanna Lien
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, PO Box 1046, Blindern, N-0316, Oslo, Norway
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