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Rajeh MT, Farsi DJ, Farsi NJ, Mosli HH, Mosli MH. Are parents' willing to vaccinate their children against COVID-19? A qualitative study based on the Health Belief Model. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2023; 19:2177068. [PMID: 36755490 PMCID: PMC10054307 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2023.2177068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, several countries have started implementing voluntary or involuntary mass vaccination programs. Although vaccine acceptance is high among adults, uncertainty about whether to vaccinate children against COVID-19 remains a controversial theme. To date, few qualitative studies have explored parents' views on this topic. A qualitative descriptive study design was used to collect data and individual in-depth interviews were conducted with 50 parents in the Makkah region of Saudi Arabia. The Health Belief Model (HBM) was used as a guide in developing the interview guide. Each question was related to a construct of the HBM. The data were then analyzed using thematic content analysis and interpreted using NVivo software. Two major themes emerged: motivation to vaccinate children, which was influenced by perceived benefits, perceived severity, perceived suitability, collective responsibilities, confidence, and cues to action; and barriers to vaccination in children, which included complacency, rapid vaccine development, and uncertainty about the long-term side effects of the vaccine. The findings of this study revealed that the public is not sufficiently informed about the efficacy or side effects of the COVID-19 vaccine, increasing the awareness of which will help parents make informed decisions regarding vaccinating their children and potentially increase vaccine acceptance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona T Rajeh
- Department of Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Deema J Farsi
- Pediatric Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nada J Farsi
- Department of Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hala H Mosli
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed H Mosli
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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Farsi NJ, Farsi DJ, Aldajani MB, Farsi NM, El-Housseiny AA. Sustainability of Improvement in Oral Health-Related Quality of Life in Children After Dental Treatment. Patient Prefer Adherence 2021; 15:271-281. [PMID: 33603346 PMCID: PMC7882446 DOI: 10.2147/ppa.s288571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Dental treatment has been associated with improvement in the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in children. There is little evidence of whether the effect of treatment is sustainable over time or not. The aim of this study was to determine whether the effect of dental treatment on OHRQoL is maintained or diminishes over time. MATERIALS AND METHODS A consecutive sample of parents of 47 children between 2 and 6 years who received comprehensive dental treatment at a postgraduate dental clinic were recruited. Parents completed the Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS) prior to treatment and at 1 and 4 months after treatment. Parents were also asked three global questions. Score changes (overall and for each section) between time points were analyzed by a repeated-measures analysis of variance and Bonferroni tests. RESULTS The children's mean age was 4.7 ± 1.1, and 60% were females. ECOHIS scores were significantly improved from baseline (22.2 ± 6.9) to 1 month after treatment (8.7 ± 6.8) and were further improved at 4 months after treatment (1.9 ± 2.7), P < 0.001, with large effect sizes (2.8 for the child impact section and 2.2 for the family impact section). Parents' perception of changes in the OHRQoL of their children obtained from a global question indicated an improvement in OHRQoL that was sustained over the follow-up period; at 1-month and 4-month follow-up, 89% and 94% of mothers reported that their child's oral health improved a lot after dental treatment, respectively. CONCLUSION The impact of dental treatment on OHRQoL continued to remarkably improve during the 4 months following dental treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nada J Farsi
- Department of Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: Nada J Farsi Department of Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80200, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi ArabiaTel +966 126400000Fax +966 126952437 Email
| | - Deema J Farsi
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mariam B Aldajani
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Najat M Farsi
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Azza A El-Housseiny
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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Farsi DJ, Farsi NJ, El-Housseiny AA, Turkistani JM, Farsi NM. Impact of Dental Rehabilitation on Oral Health-related Quality-of-life in Healthy Children and Those with Special Health Care Needs. J Contemp Dent Pract 2018; 19:367-374. [PMID: 29728538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Aim: The aim of this study is to compare the effect of dental rehabilitation on oral health-related quality-of-life (OHRQoL) in children with special health care needs (CSHCN) and healthy children. Materials and methods: The prospective study's sample consisted of 213 parents of caries-affected children, who were aged 6 years or younger and were scheduled for dental rehabilitation under general anesthesia (DRGA). The parent-child dyads were recruited from three public hospitals in Jeddah between October 2014 and May 2016. They comprised healthy children (n = 133) and CSHCN (n = 80). Parents self-completed the early childhood oral health impact scale (ECOHIS) before and 1 month after DRGA. The parents also rated the overall oral health status of their children by answering a global question before and after DRGA. Results: At baseline, the CSHCN had significantly worse OHRQoL in most of the scale domains at 25.9 [standard deviation (SD) 11.3] and 19.9 (SD 10.3) respectively. The OHRQoL significantly improved in both groups postoperatively (p = 0.005, Wilcoxon rank-sum test). The effect size of the improvement in the CSHCN group (+1.8) was greater than that in the healthy group (+1.5) in all domains, except for the family impact and parental distress sections. Conclusion: The DRGA markedly improves OHRQoL in children aged 6 years or younger, and the improvement is even greater in CSHCN. Clinical significance: The substantial improvement in OHRQoL after DRGA highlights the importance of oral health care in young children, which should receive higher priority than it has been done to date. Keywords: Children with special health care needs, Dental caries, Early childhood oral health impact scale, General anesthesia, Oral health-related quality-of-life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deema J Farsi
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Phone: +966126401000, e-mail:
| | - Nada J Farsi
- Department of Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Azza A El-Housseiny
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt; Faculty of Dentistry King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Jihan M Turkistani
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, King Abdulaziz Medical City Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Najat M Farsi
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Farsi DJ, Farsi NJ, El-Housseiny AA, Damanhouri WH, Farsi NM. Responsiveness of the Arabic version of the ECOHIS to dental rehabilitation under general anaesthesia. Int J Paediatr Dent 2018; 28:52-61. [PMID: 28514525 DOI: 10.1111/ipd.12307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Arabic version of the Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (A-ECOHIS) has been validated, but its ability to detect change was not tested. AIM To evaluate the responsiveness of the A-ECOHIS to dental rehabilitation under general anaesthesia (DRGA). DESIGN A consecutive sample of 131 parents of children aged 6 years or younger, scheduled for DRGA were recruited from three public hospitals. The parents completed the A-ECOHIS before and 4 weeks following DRGA. The responsiveness of the A-ECOHIS was assessed by evaluating changes in scores before and after DRGA, and by measuring the change in scores in relation to the global question. RESULTS The A-ECOHIS scores were higher among parents who reported poor oral health on the global question than those reporting better oral health (P = 0.001). There was a significant reduction in the scores at follow-up (P < 0.001). The effect size was 1.5 for the total scale, and 1.3 and 1.6 for the child and family impacts, respectively. After DRGA, the child and family impact section scores decreased by 78.6% and 77.9%, respectively. The majority of parents reported improvement in children's overall oral health-related quality of life post-operatively (94%). CONCLUSION The A-ECOHIS was responsive to DRGA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deema J Farsi
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nada J Farsi
- Department of Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Azza A El-Housseiny
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | | | - Najat M Farsi
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Farsi DJ, Elkhodary HM, Merdad LA, Farsi NMA, Alaki SM, Alamoudi NM, Bakhaidar HA, Alolayyan MA. Prevalence of obesity in elementary school children and its association with dental caries. Saudi Med J 2017; 37:1387-1394. [PMID: 27874156 PMCID: PMC5303779 DOI: 10.15537/smj.2016.12.15904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives To investigate the prevalence of obesity among elementary school children and to examine the association between obesity and caries activity in the mixed dentition stage. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted in King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia between September 2014 and June 2015 using a multi-stage stratified sample of 915 elementary school children (482 boys, 433 girls) in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Anthropometric measurements, consisting of height, weight, body mass index (BMI), and waist circumference (WC), were obtained. Children were classified as underweight/healthy, overweight, or obese and as non-obese or obese according to their BMI and WC, respectively. Each child’s caries experience was assessed using the decay score in the primary and permanent teeth. Results Based on BMI, 18% of children were obese, 18% were overweight, and 64% were underweight/normal. Based on WC, 16% of children were obese, and 84% were non-obese. Girls had a significantly higher prevalence of obesity based on WC measurements (p<0.001), but not BMI. Children enrolled in private schools had a significantly higher prevalence of obesity (p<0.05) than those in public schools. For primary and permanent teeth combined, children with higher BMI and WC had a lower prevalence of caries (p<0.05). Conclusion The prevalence of obesity was high among male and female elementary school children. Overall caries activity was inversely proportional to BMI and WC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deema J Farsi
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. E-mail.
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Farsi NJ, El-Housseiny AA, Farsi DJ, Farsi NM. Validation of the Arabic Version of the Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS). BMC Oral Health 2017; 17:60. [PMID: 28245876 PMCID: PMC5331632 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-017-0353-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Assessment of the adverse effects of oral health problems on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) is essential to ensure the well-being of children. The Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS) is an instrument that was designed to assess caregivers' perceptions of OHRQoL in preschool children. Although it has been translated into many languages, it has yet to be validated in Arabic. Therefore, this study aimed to translate this questionnaire to Arabic (A-ECOHIS) and test its psychometric properties. METHODS Questionnaire responses from three samples of caregivers of preschool children ≤ 6 years of age were collected: (i) community-based (n = 422), from preschools selected as a stratified random sample; (ii) clinic-based, from those seeking pediatric dental care at a university clinic (n = 246); and (iii) a test-retest sample (n = 68), a clinic-based group of caregivers who completed questionnaires twice about siblings who were not receiving dental care. Children received a dental examination to assess their decayed, missed, filled teeth (dmft) scores. Convergent validity was evaluated by assessing the A-ECOHIS scores in relation to the response to a global question. Discriminant validity was evaluated by comparing the scores of children with varying levels of oral disease. Internal consistency was assessed by calculating Cronbach's alpha, and the test-retest reliability was assessed using intra-class correlation coefficients (ICCs). RESULTS The A-ECOHIS scores of the questionnaire sections and the global oral health rating were significantly correlated; Spearman correlation coefficients were, r = 0.55, P ≤ 0.01 (overall score), r = 0.54, P ≤ 0.01 (child section), and r = 0.51, P ≤ 0.01 (family section). The mean A-ECOHIS scores were also statistically significantly higher in children with higher dmft scores compared with lower dmft, and in the clinic-based sample compared with the community sample. The Cronbach's alpha value of the the child, family sections and overall questionnaire were, 0.80, 0.78, and 0.85, respectively. The intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) of A-ECOHIS was 0.86. CONCLUSION The A-ECOHIS performed well on all psychometric tests to which it was applied. Thus, it is a valid and reliable instrument that can be used in Arabic-speaking caregivers of preschoolers aged 2 to 6 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nada J. Farsi
- Department of Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80200, Jeddah, 21589 Saudi Arabia
| | - Azza A. El-Housseiny
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Deema J. Farsi
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Najat M. Farsi
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Farsi DJ, El-Khodary HM, Farsi NM, El Ashiry EA, Yagmoor MA, Alzain SM. Sodium Hypochlorite Versus Formocresol and Ferric Sulfate Pulpotomies in Primary Molars: 18-month Follow-up. Pediatr Dent 2015; 37:535-540. [PMID: 26883612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study's purpose was to compare the clinical and radiographic success rates of 5.25 percent Sodium Hypochlorite (NaOCl) pulpotomies to Formocresol (FC) and Ferric Sulfate (FS) in decayed primary molars. METHODS Eighty-one primary molars, randomly divided into three groups, were treated with one of three different pulpotomy materials; NaOCl, FC and FS. The outcomes of the different groups were assessed clinically and radiographically every six months over 18 months. Chi-square test was used to detect differences in outcome measures in all groups. RESULTS At six months, clinical and radiographic success rates were 100 percent for each group (27/27). At 12 months, clinical success was 100 percent (24/24), 96 percent (24/25), and 95.7 percent (22/23) for NaOCl, FC, and FS respectively. The radiographic success was 95.8 percent (23/24) for NaOCl group, and 100 percent for FC (25/25), and FS (23/23). At 18 months, the clinical success was 83.3 percent (20/24), 96 percent (24/25), and 87 percent (20/23) for NaOCL, FC, and FS respectively. The 18 month radiographic success was 91.7 percent (22/24), 100 percent (25/25), and 95.7 percent (22/23) for NaOCl, FC, and FS respectively. No significant differences were found in clinical or radiographic outcomes between the three groups at six, 12 and 18 months. CONCLUSION The three pulpotomy medicaments yielded similar outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deema J Farsi
- Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Heba M El-Khodary
- Pediatric Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Faculty of Dental Medicine (Girls' Branch), Al Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Najat M Farsi
- Pediatric Dentistry Department, in the Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eman A El Ashiry
- Pediatric Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Faculty of Dental Medicine (Girls' Branch), Al Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Soha M Alzain
- General dentist, King Fahd Armed Forces Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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El-Khodary HM, Farsi DJ, Farsi NM, Zidan AZ. Sealing Ability of Four Calcium Containing Cements used for Repairing Furcal Perforations in Primary Molars: An in vitro study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015; 16:733-9. [PMID: 26522599 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to compare the sealing ability of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), Portland cement (PC), Biodentine(TM) and Tech biosealer in repairing furcal perforations in primary molars using the fluid-filtration technique. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifty freshly extracted maxillary second primary molars were sectioned horizontally at the furcation region to create dentin disks of 1.5 mm (+ 0.1 mm) thickness. Five disks were not perforated and served as negative controls. In the remaining 45 disks, furcation perforations were prepared. Five disks did not receive furcation repair and served as positive controls. The remaining 40 disks were then randomly divided into four equal groups (10 disks in each group). Perforations were repaired with: MTA, PC, Biodentine(TM) or Tech Biosealer. The sealing ability of the tested materials was evaluated by measuring microleakage for each disk after four different storage periods: 24-hour, 1-month, 6-month and 1-year storage using fluid-filtration. Comparisons between the four materials and the four time periods were done using the two-way analysis of variance and the Scheffe multiple comparisons test. RESULTS There was no significant difference between the mean microleakage values obtained in the four tested materials after 24 hours, 1, 6 month and 1 year. However, microleakage values for each individual material were significantly higher at 24 hours than at the other time intervals. CONCLUSION Mineral trioxide aggregate, PC, Biodentine(TM) and Tech biosealer showed similar capabilities in sealing the furcal perforations of the primary molars, where the sealing ability improved over time for each individual material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba M El-Khodary
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pedodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine (Girls' Branch), Al Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Deema J Farsi
- Assistant Professor, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, Phone: +966-555681880, e-mail:
| | - Najat M Farsi
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Z Zidan
- Department of Biomaterials, Faculty of Dentistry, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts, Egypt; Department of Restorative Dentistry, Biomaterials Division, Faculty of Dentistry, Umm AlQura University, Saudi Arabia
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Farsi DJ, Ahmed MM. Natal and neonatal teeth. Saudi Med J 2014; 35:499-503. [PMID: 24825813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Natal teeth (teeth present at birth) and neonatal teeth (teeth observed in the first 30 days of life) are uncommon. They may cause feeding problems and ulcerations on the ventral surface of the tongue. They can also be alarming to parents and cause discomfort with breastfeeding. A review of literature was conducted to review their etiology, significance, and clinical features with special emphasis on the complications and management. The opportunity of establishing a dental home through the early dental visits was highlighted. Furthermore, this case report details the examination and management of a 24-hour old neonate with 2 neonatal teeth. Natal teeth, although uncommon, are best referred to pediatric dentists for investigation and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deema J Farsi
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, PO Box 17848, Jeddah 21494, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Tel. +966 555681880. E-mail:
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