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van de Vegte YJ, Eppinga RN, van der Ende MY, Hagemeijer YP, Mahendran Y, Salfati E, Smith AV, Tan VY, Arking DE, Ntalla I, Appel EV, Schurmann C, Brody JA, Rueedi R, Polasek O, Sveinbjornsson G, Lecoeur C, Ladenvall C, Zhao JH, Isaacs A, Wang L, Luan J, Hwang SJ, Mononen N, Auro K, Jackson AU, Bielak LF, Zeng L, Shah N, Nethander M, Campbell A, Rankinen T, Pechlivanis S, Qi L, Zhao W, Rizzi F, Tanaka T, Robino A, Cocca M, Lange L, Müller-Nurasyid M, Roselli C, Zhang W, Kleber ME, Guo X, Lin HJ, Pavani F, Galesloot TE, Noordam R, Milaneschi Y, Schraut KE, den Hoed M, Degenhardt F, Trompet S, van den Berg ME, Pistis G, Tham YC, Weiss S, Sim XS, Li HL, van der Most PJ, Nolte IM, Lyytikäinen LP, Said MA, Witte DR, Iribarren C, Launer L, Ring SM, de Vries PS, Sever P, Linneberg A, Bottinger EP, Padmanabhan S, Psaty BM, Sotoodehnia N, Kolcic I, Arnar DO, Gudbjartsson DF, Holm H, Balkau B, Silva CT, Newton-Cheh CH, Nikus K, Salo P, Mohlke KL, Peyser PA, Schunkert H, Lorentzon M, Lahti J, Rao DC, Cornelis MC, Faul JD, Smith JA, Stolarz-Skrzypek K, Bandinelli S, Concas MP, Sinagra G, Meitinger T, Waldenberger M, Sinner MF, Strauch K, Delgado GE, Taylor KD, Yao J, Foco L, Melander O, de Graaf J, de Mutsert R, de Geus EJC, Johansson Å, Joshi PK, Lind L, Franke A, Macfarlane PW, Tarasov KV, Tan N, Felix SB, Tai ES, Quek DQ, Snieder H, Ormel J, Ingelsson M, Lindgren C, Morris AP, Raitakari OT, Hansen T, Assimes T, Gudnason V, Timpson NJ, Morrison AC, Munroe PB, Strachan DP, Grarup N, Loos RJF, Heckbert SR, Vollenweider P, Hayward C, Stefansson K, Froguel P, Groop L, Wareham NJ, van Duijn CM, Feitosa MF, O'Donnell CJ, Kähönen M, Perola M, Boehnke M, Kardia SLR, Erdmann J, Palmer CNA, Ohlsson C, Porteous DJ, Eriksson JG, Bouchard C, Moebus S, Kraft P, Weir DR, Cusi D, Ferrucci L, Ulivi S, Girotto G, Correa A, Kääb S, Peters A, Chambers JC, Kooner JS, März W, Rotter JI, Hicks AA, Smith JG, Kiemeney LALM, Mook-Kanamori DO, Penninx BWJH, Gyllensten U, Wilson JF, Burgess S, Sundström J, Lieb W, Jukema JW, Eijgelsheim M, Lakatta ELM, Cheng CY, Dörr M, Wong TY, Sabanayagam C, Oldehinkel AJ, Riese H, Lehtimäki T, Verweij N, van der Harst P. Genetic insights into resting heart rate and its role in cardiovascular disease. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4646. [PMID: 37532724 PMCID: PMC10397318 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39521-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Resting heart rate is associated with cardiovascular diseases and mortality in observational and Mendelian randomization studies. The aims of this study are to extend the number of resting heart rate associated genetic variants and to obtain further insights in resting heart rate biology and its clinical consequences. A genome-wide meta-analysis of 100 studies in up to 835,465 individuals reveals 493 independent genetic variants in 352 loci, including 68 genetic variants outside previously identified resting heart rate associated loci. We prioritize 670 genes and in silico annotations point to their enrichment in cardiomyocytes and provide insights in their ECG signature. Two-sample Mendelian randomization analyses indicate that higher genetically predicted resting heart rate increases risk of dilated cardiomyopathy, but decreases risk of developing atrial fibrillation, ischemic stroke, and cardio-embolic stroke. We do not find evidence for a linear or non-linear genetic association between resting heart rate and all-cause mortality in contrast to our previous Mendelian randomization study. Systematic alteration of key differences between the current and previous Mendelian randomization study indicates that the most likely cause of the discrepancy between these studies arises from false positive findings in previous one-sample MR analyses caused by weak-instrument bias at lower P-value thresholds. The results extend our understanding of resting heart rate biology and give additional insights in its role in cardiovascular disease development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yordi J van de Vegte
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, 9700RB, the Netherlands
| | - Ruben N Eppinga
- Department of Cardiology, Isala Zwolle ziekenhuis, Zwolle, 8025 AB, the Netherlands
| | - M Yldau van der Ende
- Department of Cardiology, University medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584 Cx, the Netherlands
| | - Yanick P Hagemeijer
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, 9700RB, the Netherlands
- Analytical Biochemistry, University of Groningen, Groningen, 9713 AV, the Netherlands
| | - Yuvaraj Mahendran
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medicine Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen Ø, 2100, Denmark
| | - Elias Salfati
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, 94305, USA
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, 101, Iceland
| | - Albert V Smith
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI48109, USA
| | - Vanessa Y Tan
- Bristol Medical School, Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS82BN, UK
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS82BN, UK
| | - Dan E Arking
- McKusick-Nathans Institute, Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, 21215, USA
| | - Ioanna Ntalla
- Clinical Pharmacology and Precision Medicine, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Emil V Appel
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medicine Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen Ø, 2100, Denmark
| | - Claudia Schurmann
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, 10029, USA
| | | | - Rico Rueedi
- Department of Computational Biology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
| | - Ozren Polasek
- Department of Public Health, University of Split School of Medicine, Split, 21000, Croatia
- Algebra LAB, Algebra University College, Zagreb, 10000, Croatia
| | | | - Cecile Lecoeur
- UMR 8199, University of Lille Nord de France, Lille, 59000, France
| | - Claes Ladenvall
- Clinial Genomics Uppsala, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, 75185, Sweden
- Lund University Diabetes Center, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, 20502, Sweden
| | - Jing Hua Zhao
- BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Victor Phillip Dahdaleh Heart & Lung Research Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0BB, UK
| | - Aaron Isaacs
- CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht Centre for Systems Biology (MaCSBio), Department of Physiology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, 6229ER, Netherlands
| | - Lihua Wang
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63108-2212, Campus Box 8506, USA
| | - Jian'an Luan
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Shih-Jen Hwang
- Division of Intramural Research, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, NIH, USA, Framingham, 1702, USA
| | - Nina Mononen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, FI-33014, Finland
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center - Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, FI-33014, Finland
| | - Kirsi Auro
- Department of Health, unit of genetics and biomarkers, , National Institute for Health and Welfare, Finland, Helsinki, FI-00290, Finland
- Department of molecular medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, FI-00290, Finland
| | - Anne U Jackson
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Lawrence F Bielak
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Linyao Zeng
- Department of Cardiology, Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Munich, 80636, Germany
| | - Nabi Shah
- Division of Population Health and Genomics, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 9SY, UK
- Pharmacogenetics Research Lab, Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad, 22060, Pakistan
| | - Maria Nethander
- Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, 41345, Sweden
- Bioinformatics Core Facility, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, 40530, Sweden
| | - Archie Campbell
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics & Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
- Usher Institute for Population Health Sciences and Informatics, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4UX, UK
| | - Tuomo Rankinen
- Human Genomics Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, 70808, USA
| | - Sonali Pechlivanis
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, University Hospital of Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, 45122, Germany
| | - Lu Qi
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48104, USA
| | - Federica Rizzi
- Unit of Biomedicine, Bio4Dreams-Business Nursery for Life Sciences, Milano, 20121, Italy
| | - Toshiko Tanaka
- Longitudinal Study Section, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, 21224, USA
| | - Antonietta Robino
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, 34137, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Cocca
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, 34137, Italy
| | - Leslie Lange
- Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, 80045, USA
| | - Martina Müller-Nurasyid
- IBE, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, LMU Munich, Munich, 81377, Germany
- Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics (IMBEI), University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, 55101, Germany
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany
| | - Carolina Roselli
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, 02142, USA
| | - Weihua Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital, London North West University Healthcare NHS Trust, Middlesex, UB1 3HW, UK
| | - Marcus E Kleber
- Vth Department of Medicine (Nephrology, Hypertensiology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology, Diabetology), Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, 68167, Germany
- SYNLAB MVZ Humangenetik Mannheim, Mannheim, 68163, Germany
| | - Xiuqing Guo
- Pediatrics, The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA, Torrance, 90502, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, 90502, USA
| | - Henry J Lin
- Pediatrics, The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA, Torrance, 90502, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, 90502, USA
| | - Francesca Pavani
- Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research, Bolzano, 39100, Italy
| | | | - Raymond Noordam
- Department of Internal Medicine, section Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2300 RC, the Netherlands
| | - Yuri Milaneschi
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, Amsterdam, 1081 HL, the Netherlands
| | - Katharina E Schraut
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, Scotland, UK
| | - Marcel den Hoed
- The Beijer laboratory and Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala, 75237, Sweden
| | - Frauke Degenhardt
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, 24105, Germany
| | - Stella Trompet
- Department of Internal Medicine, section Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2300 RC, the Netherlands
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, ZA, 2333, the Netherlands
| | - Marten E van den Berg
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015GD, the Netherlands
| | - Giorgio Pistis
- Institute of Genetics and Biomedic Research (IRGB), Italian National Research Council (CNR), Monserrato, (CA), 9042, Italy
- Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, 48109, USA
| | - Yih-Chung Tham
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, 169856, Singapore
| | - Stefan Weiss
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, 17475, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, 17475, Germany
| | - Xueling S Sim
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University Health System and National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117549, Singapore
| | - Hengtong L Li
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, 169856, Singapore
| | - Peter J van der Most
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, 9700 RB, The Netherlands
| | - Ilja M Nolte
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, 9700 RB, The Netherlands
| | - Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, FI-33014, Finland
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center - Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, FI-33014, Finland
- Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0SL, UK
| | - M Abdullah Said
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, 9700RB, the Netherlands
| | - Daniel R Witte
- Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, 8000, Denmark
| | - Carlos Iribarren
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permenente of Northern California, Oakland, 94612, USA
- The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, 10550, USA
| | | | - Susan M Ring
- Bristol Medical School, Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS82BN, UK
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS82BN, UK
| | - Paul S de Vries
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, School of Public Health, Houston, 77030, USA
| | - Peter Sever
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Allan Linneberg
- Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, 2400, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2200, Denmark
| | - Erwin P Bottinger
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, 10029, USA
- Department of Preventive Medicine, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, 10029, USA
| | - Sandosh Padmanabhan
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8TA, UK
| | - Bruce M Psaty
- Departments of Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Systems and Population Health, University of Washington, Seattle, 98195, USA
| | - Nona Sotoodehnia
- Medicine and Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, 98195, USA
| | - Ivana Kolcic
- Department of Public Health, University of Split School of Medicine, Split, 21000, Croatia
- Algebra LAB, Algebra University College, Zagreb, 10000, Croatia
| | - David O Arnar
- deCODE genetics / Amgen Inc., Reykjavik, 102, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, 101, Iceland
- Department of Medicine, Landspitali-The National University Hospital of Iceland, Reykjavik, 101, Iceland
| | - Daniel F Gudbjartsson
- deCODE genetics / Amgen Inc., Reykjavik, 102, Iceland
- School of Engineering and Natural Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, 101, Iceland
| | - Hilma Holm
- deCODE genetics / Amgen Inc., Reykjavik, 102, Iceland
| | - Beverley Balkau
- Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale, Villejuif, 94800, France
- UMRS 1018, University Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Versailles, 78035, France
- UMRS 1018, University Paris Sud, Villejuif, 94807, France
| | - Claudia T Silva
- Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Dept. of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3000CA, Netherlands
| | | | - Kjell Nikus
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, FI-33521, Finland
- Department of Cardiology, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center - Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, FI-33014, Finland
| | - Perttu Salo
- Department of Health, unit of genetics and biomarkers, , National Institute for Health and Welfare, Finland, Helsinki, FI-00290, Finland
- Department of molecular medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, FI-00290, Finland
| | - Karen L Mohlke
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Patricia A Peyser
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Heribert Schunkert
- Department of Cardiology, Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Munich, 80636, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Herz- und Kreislauferkrankungen (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, 80636, Germany
| | - Mattias Lorentzon
- Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, 41345, Sweden
- Region Västra Götaland, Geriatric Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, 43180, Sweden
- Mary McKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, 3000, Australia
| | - Jari Lahti
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014, Finland
| | - Dabeeru C Rao
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | | | - Jessica D Faul
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48104, USA
| | - Jennifer A Smith
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48104, USA
| | - Katarzyna Stolarz-Skrzypek
- Department of Cardiology, Interventional Electrocardiology and Hypertension, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, 31-008, Poland
| | - Stefania Bandinelli
- Geriatric Unit, Unità sanitaria locale Toscana Centro, Florence, 50142, Italy
| | - Maria Pina Concas
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, 34137, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Sinagra
- Cardiovascular Department, "Ospedali Riuniti and University of Trieste", Trieste, 34149, Italy
| | - Thomas Meitinger
- Institute of Human Genetics, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, München, 81675, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany
| | - Melanie Waldenberger
- Research Unit Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site: Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, 80802, Germany
| | - Moritz F Sinner
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site: Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, 80802, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, 81377, Germany
| | - Konstantin Strauch
- Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics (IMBEI), University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, 55101, Germany
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany
- Chair of Genetic Epidemiology, IBE, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, 81377, Germany
| | - Graciela E Delgado
- Vth Department of Medicine (Nephrology, Hypertensiology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology, Diabetology), Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, 68167, Germany
| | - Kent D Taylor
- Pediatrics, The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA, Torrance, 90502, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, 90502, USA
| | - Jie Yao
- Pediatrics, The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA, Torrance, 90502, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, 90502, USA
| | - Luisa Foco
- Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research, Bolzano, 39100, Italy
| | - Olle Melander
- Department of Internal Medicine, Clinical Sciences, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital, Malmo, 221 85, Sweden
- Lund University Diabetes Center, Lund University, Malmö, 221 85, Sweden
| | | | - Renée de Mutsert
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2300 RC, the Netherlands
| | - Eco J C de Geus
- Biological Psychology, EMGO+ Institute for Health and Care Research and Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University, Amsterdam, 1081 BT, the Netherlands
| | - Åsa Johansson
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, 75108, Sweden
| | - Peter K Joshi
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, Scotland, UK
| | - Lars Lind
- Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, 75237, Sweden
| | - Andre Franke
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, 24105, Germany
| | - Peter W Macfarlane
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, Faculty of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 0XH, UK
| | - Kirill V Tarasov
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Sciences, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Nicholas Tan
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, 169856, Singapore
| | - Stephan B Felix
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, 17475, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, 17475, Germany
| | - E-Shyong Tai
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, 169856, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119228, Singapore
| | - Debra Q Quek
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, 169856, Singapore
| | - Harold Snieder
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, 9700 RB, The Netherlands
| | - Johan Ormel
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, 9700 RB, The Netherlands
| | - Martin Ingelsson
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Molecular Geriatrics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, 75237, Sweden
| | - Cecilia Lindgren
- Genetic and Genomic Epidemiology Unit, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Andrew P Morris
- Genetic and Genomic Epidemiology Unit, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Olli T Raitakari
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, FI-20521, Finland
- Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, FI-20521, Finland
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, FI-20521, Finland
| | - Torben Hansen
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medicine Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen Ø, 2100, Denmark
| | - Themistocles Assimes
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, 94305, USA
| | - Vilmundur Gudnason
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, 101, Iceland
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, 201, Iceland
| | - Nicholas J Timpson
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School,, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK
| | - Alanna C Morrison
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, School of Public Health, Houston, 77030, USA
| | - Patricia B Munroe
- Clinical Pharmacology and Precision Medicine, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
- NIHR Barts Biomedical Research Centre, Barts and The London Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - David P Strachan
- Population Health Research Institute, St George's, University of London, London, SW17 0RE, UK
| | - Niels Grarup
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medicine Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen Ø, 2100, Denmark
| | - Ruth J F Loos
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medicine Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen Ø, 2100, Denmark
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, 10029, USA
- The Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, 10029, USA
| | - Susan R Heckbert
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, 98195, USA
| | - Peter Vollenweider
- Department of Medicine, Internal Medicine, Lausanne University hospital, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
| | - Caroline Hayward
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, Scotland, UK
| | - Kari Stefansson
- deCODE genetics / Amgen Inc., Reykjavik, 102, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, 101, Iceland
| | - Philippe Froguel
- Department of Metabolism, Imperial College London, London, W12 0HS, UK
- Inserm/CNRS UMR 1283/8199, Pasteur Institute of Lille, Lille University Hospital, EGID, Lille, 59000, France
- University of Lille, Lille, 59000, France
| | - Leif Groop
- Lund University Diabetes Center, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, 20502, Sweden
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00290, Finland
| | - Nicholas J Wareham
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Cornelia M van Duijn
- Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Dept. of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3000CA, Netherlands
| | - Mary F Feitosa
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63108-2212, Campus Box 8506, USA
| | - Christopher J O'Donnell
- Cardiology Section, VA Boston Healthcare System, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02132, USA
| | - Mika Kähönen
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, FI-33521, Finland
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center - Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, FI-33521, Finland
| | - Markus Perola
- Department of Health, unit of genetics and biomarkers, , National Institute for Health and Welfare, Finland, Helsinki, FI-00290, Finland
- Department of molecular medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, FI-00290, Finland
| | - Michael Boehnke
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Sharon L R Kardia
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Jeanette Erdmann
- Institute for Cardiogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, 23562, Germany
| | - Colin N A Palmer
- Division of Population Health and Genomics, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 9SY, UK
| | - Claes Ohlsson
- Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, 41345, Sweden
- Department of Drug Treatment, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, 41345, Sweden
| | - David J Porteous
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics & Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Johan G Eriksson
- Department of General practice and primary care, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014, Finland
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119228, Singapore
- Public health Research Program, Folkhalsan Research Center, Helsinki, 000250, Finland
| | - Claude Bouchard
- Human Genomics Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, 70808, USA
| | - Susanne Moebus
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, University Hospital of Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, 45122, Germany
- Centre for Urban Epidemiology, University Hospital of Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, 45122, Germany
| | - Peter Kraft
- Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02112, USA
| | - David R Weir
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48104, USA
| | - Daniele Cusi
- Unit of Biomedicine, Bio4Dreams-Business Nursery for Life Sciences, Milano, 20121, Italy
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council of Italy, Segrate, (MI), 20090, Italy
| | - Luigi Ferrucci
- Longitudinal Study Section, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, 21224, USA
| | - Sheila Ulivi
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, 34137, Italy
| | - Giorgia Girotto
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, 34137, Italy
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, 34149, Italy
| | - Adolfo Correa
- Jackson Heart Study, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, 39216, USA
| | - Stefan Kääb
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site: Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, 80802, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, 81377, Germany
| | - Annette Peters
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site: Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, 80802, Germany
- Chair of Epidemiology, Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry and Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, 81377, Germany
| | - John C Chambers
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital, London North West University Healthcare NHS Trust, Middlesex, UB1 3HW, UK
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 308232, Singapore
| | - Jaspal S Kooner
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital, London North West University Healthcare NHS Trust, Middlesex, UB1 3HW, UK
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, W12 0NN, UK
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Imperial College London, London, W12 0HS, UK
| | - Winfried März
- Vth Department of Medicine (Nephrology, Hypertensiology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology, Diabetology), Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, 68167, Germany
- Synlab Academy, Synlab Holding Deutschland GmbH, Mannheim, 68161, Germany
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- Pediatrics, The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA, Torrance, 90502, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, 90502, USA
| | - Andrew A Hicks
- Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research, Bolzano, 39100, Italy
| | - J Gustav Smith
- Department of Cardiology, Clinical Sciences, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital, Lund, 221 85, Sweden
- Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine and Lund University Diabetes Center, Lund University, Lund, 221 84, Sweden
- The Wallenberg Laboratory/Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Gothenburg University and the Department of Cardiology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, 413 45, Sweden
| | | | - Dennis O Mook-Kanamori
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2300 RC, the Netherlands
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2300 RC, the Netherlands
| | - Brenda W J H Penninx
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, Amsterdam, 1081 HL, the Netherlands
| | - Ulf Gyllensten
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, 75108, Sweden
| | - James F Wilson
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, Scotland, UK
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, Scotland, UK
| | - Stephen Burgess
- MRC Biostatistics Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0SR, UK
| | - Johan Sundström
- Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, 75237, Sweden
| | - Wolfgang Lieb
- Institute of Epidemiology and Biobank PopGen, Kiel University, Kiel, 24105, Germany
| | - J Wouter Jukema
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, ZA, 2333, the Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, ZA, 2333, the Netherlands
- Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, 3511 EP, the Netherlands
| | - Mark Eijgelsheim
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015GD, the Netherlands
- Department of Nephrology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, 9700RB, the Netherlands
| | - Edward L M Lakatta
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Sciences, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Ching-Yu Cheng
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, 169856, Singapore
- Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, 169857, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119228, Singapore
| | - Marcus Dörr
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, 17475, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, 17475, Germany
| | - Tien-Yin Wong
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, 169856, Singapore
- Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, 169857, Singapore
- Tsinghua Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Charumathi Sabanayagam
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, 169856, Singapore
- Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, 169857, Singapore
| | - Albertine J Oldehinkel
- Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion Regulation, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, 9700 RB, The Netherlands
| | - Harriette Riese
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, 9700 RB, The Netherlands
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, FI-33014, Finland
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center - Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, FI-33014, Finland
| | - Niek Verweij
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, 9700RB, the Netherlands
| | - Pim van der Harst
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, 9700RB, the Netherlands.
- Department of Cardiology, University medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584 Cx, the Netherlands.
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, 9700RB, the Netherlands.
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2
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Hirten RP, Suprun M, Danieletto M, Zweig M, Golden E, Pyzik R, Kaur S, Helmus D, Biello A, Landell K, Rodrigues J, Bottinger EP, Keefer L, Charney D, Nadkarni GN, Suarez-Farinas M, Fayad ZA. A machine learning approach to determine resilience utilizing wearable device data: analysis of an observational cohort. JAMIA Open 2023; 6:ooad029. [PMID: 37143859 PMCID: PMC10152991 DOI: 10.1093/jamiaopen/ooad029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To assess whether an individual's degree of psychological resilience can be determined from physiological metrics passively collected from a wearable device. Materials and Methods Data were analyzed in this secondary analysis of the Warrior Watch Study dataset, a prospective cohort of healthcare workers enrolled across 7 hospitals in New York City. Subjects wore an Apple Watch for the duration of their participation. Surveys were collected measuring resilience, optimism, and emotional support at baseline. Results We evaluated data from 329 subjects (mean age 37.4 years, 37.1% male). Across all testing sets, gradient-boosting machines (GBM) and extreme gradient-boosting models performed best for high- versus low-resilience prediction, stratified on a median Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale-2 score of 6 (interquartile range = 5-7), with an AUC of 0.60. When predicting resilience as a continuous variable, multivariate linear models had a correlation of 0.24 (P = .029) and RMSE of 1.37 in the testing data. A positive psychological construct, comprised of resilience, optimism, and emotional support was also evaluated. The oblique random forest method performed best in estimating high- versus low-composite scores stratified on a median of 32.5, with an AUC of 0.65, a sensitivity of 0.60, and a specificity of 0.70. Discussion In a post hoc analysis, machine learning models applied to physiological metrics collected from wearable devices had some predictive ability in identifying resilience states and a positive psychological construct. Conclusions These findings support the further assessment of psychological characteristics from passively collected wearable data in dedicated studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert P Hirten
- Corresponding Author: Robert P. Hirten, MD, The Dr. Henry D. Janowitz Division of Gastroenterology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1468 Madison Avenue, Annenberg Building RM 5-12, New York, NY 10029, USA;
| | - Maria Suprun
- Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Center for Biostatistics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Matteo Danieletto
- The Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at the Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Micol Zweig
- The Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at the Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Eddye Golden
- The Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at the Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Renata Pyzik
- The BioMedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Sparshdeep Kaur
- The Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at the Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Drew Helmus
- The Dr. Henry D. Janowitz Division of Gastroenterology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Anthony Biello
- The Dr. Henry D. Janowitz Division of Gastroenterology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Kyle Landell
- The Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at the Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jovita Rodrigues
- The Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at the Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Erwin P Bottinger
- The Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at the Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Laurie Keefer
- The Dr. Henry D. Janowitz Division of Gastroenterology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Dennis Charney
- Office of the Dean, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Girish N Nadkarni
- The Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at the Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- The Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Mayte Suarez-Farinas
- Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Center for Biostatistics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Zahi A Fayad
- The BioMedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Diagnostic, Molecular and Interventional Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
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3
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Obeng AO, Scott SA, Kaszemacher T, Ellis SB, Mejia A, Gomez A, Nadukuru R, Abul-Husn NS, Vega A, Waite E, Gottesman O, Cho J, Bottinger EP. Prescriber Adoption of SLCO1B1 Genotype-Guided Simvastatin Clinical Decision Support in a Clinical Pharmacogenetics Program. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2023; 113:321-327. [PMID: 36372942 DOI: 10.1002/cpt.2773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Pharmacogenetic implementation programs are increasingly feasible due to the availability of clinical guidelines for implementation research. The utilization of these resources has been reported with selected drug-gene pairs; however, little is known about how prescribers respond to pharmacogenetic recommendations for statin therapy. We prospectively assessed prescriber interaction with point-of-care clinical decision support (CDS) to guide simvastatin therapy for a diverse cohort of primary care patients enrolled in a clinical pharmacogenetics program. Of the 1,639 preemptively genotyped patients, 298 (18.2%) had an intermediate function (IF) OATP1B1 phenotype and 25 (1.53%) had a poor function (PF) phenotype, predicted by a common single nucleotide variant in the SLCO1B1 gene (c.521T>C; rs4149056). Clinicians were presented with CDS when simvastatin was prescribed for patients with IF or PF through the electronic health record. Importantly, 64.2% of the CDS deployed at the point-of-care was accepted by the prescribers and resulted in prescription changes. Statin intensity was found to significantly influence prescriber adoption of the pharmacogenetic-guided CDS, whereas patient gender or race, prescriber type, or pharmacogenetic training status did not significantly influence adoption. This study demonstrates that primary care providers readily adopt pharmacogenetic information to guide statin therapy for the majority of patients with preemptive genotype data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aniwaa Owusu Obeng
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.,Pharmacy Department, The Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, New York, USA.,Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Stuart A Scott
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.,Clinical Genomics Laboratory, Stanford Health Care, Palo Alto, California, USA
| | - Tom Kaszemacher
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Stephen B Ellis
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Ana Mejia
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Alanna Gomez
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Rajiv Nadukuru
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Noura S Abul-Husn
- Institute for Genomic Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.,Division of Genomic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.,23andMe Inc., Sunnyvale, California, USA
| | - Aida Vega
- Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.,Mount Sinai Faculty Practice Associates, Primary Care Program, The Mount Sinai Health system, New York, New York, USA
| | - Eva Waite
- Mount Sinai Faculty Practice Associates, Primary Care Program, The Mount Sinai Health system, New York, New York, USA
| | - Omri Gottesman
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.,Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.,Empirico Inc., San Diego, California, USA
| | - Judy Cho
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.,Department of Pathology, Molecular and Cell-Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Erwin P Bottinger
- Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.,Digital Health Center, Hasso Plattner Institute, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
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4
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Robinson JR, Carroll RJ, Bastarache L, Chen Q, Pirruccello J, Mou Z, Wei WQ, Connolly J, Mentch F, Crane PK, Hebbring SJ, Crosslin DR, Gordon AS, Rosenthal EA, Stanaway IB, Hayes MG, Wei W, Petukhova L, Namjou-Khales B, Zhang G, Safarova MS, Walton NA, Still C, Bottinger EP, Loos RJF, Murphy SN, Jackson GP, Abumrad N, Kullo IJ, Jarvik GP, Larson EB, Weng C, Roden D, Khera AV, Denny JC. Quantifying the phenome-wide disease burden of obesity using electronic health records and genomics. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2022; 30:2477-2488. [PMID: 36372681 PMCID: PMC9691570 DOI: 10.1002/oby.23561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE High BMI is associated with many comorbidities and mortality. This study aimed to elucidate the overall clinical risk of obesity using a genome- and phenome-wide approach. METHODS This study performed a phenome-wide association study of BMI using a clinical cohort of 736,726 adults. This was followed by genetic association studies using two separate cohorts: one consisting of 65,174 adults in the Electronic Medical Records and Genomics (eMERGE) Network and another with 405,432 participants in the UK Biobank. RESULTS Class 3 obesity was associated with 433 phenotypes, representing 59.3% of all billing codes in individuals with severe obesity. A genome-wide polygenic risk score for BMI, accounting for 7.5% of variance in BMI, was associated with 296 clinical diseases, including strong associations with type 2 diabetes, sleep apnea, hypertension, and chronic liver disease. In all three cohorts, 199 phenotypes were associated with class 3 obesity and polygenic risk for obesity, including novel associations such as increased risk of renal failure, venous insufficiency, and gastroesophageal reflux. CONCLUSIONS This combined genomic and phenomic systematic approach demonstrated that obesity has a strong genetic predisposition and is associated with a considerable burden of disease across all disease classes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie R. Robinson
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Robert J. Carroll
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Lisa Bastarache
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Qingxia Chen
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - James Pirruccello
- Center for Genomics Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Zongyang Mou
- Department of Surgery, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Wei-Qi Wei
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - John Connolly
- The Center for Applied Genomics, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Frank Mentch
- The Center for Applied Genomics, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Paul K. Crane
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Scott J. Hebbring
- Center for Human Genetics, Marshfield Clinic Research Institute, Marshfield, WI, USA
| | - David R. Crosslin
- Department of Biomedical Informatics and Medical Education, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Adam S. Gordon
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Elisabeth A. Rosenthal
- Departments of Medicine (Medical Genetics) and Genome Sciences, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ian B. Stanaway
- Department of Biomedical Informatics and Medical Education, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - M. Geoffrey Hayes
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Wei Wei
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Lynn Petukhova
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Bahram Namjou-Khales
- Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Ge Zhang
- Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Mayya S. Safarova
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Nephi A. Walton
- Department of Biomedical and Translational Informatics, Geisinger Health System, Danville, PA, USA
| | - Christopher Still
- Department of Biomedical and Translational Informatics, Geisinger Health System, Danville, PA, USA
| | - Erwin P. Bottinger
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine at Mount Sinai, The Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ruth J. F. Loos
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine at Mount Sinai, The Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Shawn N. Murphy
- Department of Neurology, Partners Healthcare, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gretchen P. Jackson
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Naji Abumrad
- Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Iftikhar J. Kullo
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Gail P. Jarvik
- Departments of Medicine (Medical Genetics) and Genome Sciences, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Eric B. Larson
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Chunhua Weng
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Dan Roden
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Amit V. Khera
- Center for Genomics Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Joshua C. Denny
- All of Us Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
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Gorski M, Rasheed H, Teumer A, Thomas LF, Graham SE, Sveinbjornsson G, Winkler TW, Günther F, Stark KJ, Chai JF, Tayo BO, Wuttke M, Li Y, Tin A, Ahluwalia TS, Ärnlöv J, Åsvold BO, Bakker SJL, Banas B, Bansal N, Biggs ML, Biino G, Böhnke M, Boerwinkle E, Bottinger EP, Brenner H, Brumpton B, Carroll RJ, Chaker L, Chalmers J, Chee ML, Chee ML, Cheng CY, Chu AY, Ciullo M, Cocca M, Cook JP, Coresh J, Cusi D, de Borst MH, Degenhardt F, Eckardt KU, Endlich K, Evans MK, Feitosa MF, Franke A, Freitag-Wolf S, Fuchsberger C, Gampawar P, Gansevoort RT, Ghanbari M, Ghasemi S, Giedraitis V, Gieger C, Gudbjartsson DF, Hallan S, Hamet P, Hishida A, Ho K, Hofer E, Holleczek B, Holm H, Hoppmann A, Horn K, Hutri-Kähönen N, Hveem K, Hwang SJ, Ikram MA, Josyula NS, Jung B, Kähönen M, Karabegović I, Khor CC, Koenig W, Kramer H, Krämer BK, Kühnel B, Kuusisto J, Laakso M, Lange LA, Lehtimäki T, Li M, Lieb W, Lind L, Lindgren CM, Loos RJF, Lukas MA, Lyytikäinen LP, Mahajan A, Matias-Garcia PR, Meisinger C, Meitinger T, Melander O, Milaneschi Y, Mishra PP, Mononen N, Morris AP, Mychaleckyj JC, Nadkarni GN, Naito M, Nakatochi M, Nalls MA, Nauck M, Nikus K, Ning B, Nolte IM, Nutile T, O'Donoghue ML, O'Connell J, Olafsson I, Orho-Melander M, Parsa A, Pendergrass SA, Penninx BWJH, Pirastu M, Preuss MH, Psaty BM, Raffield LM, Raitakari OT, Rheinberger M, Rice KM, Rizzi F, Rosenkranz AR, Rossing P, Rotter JI, Ruggiero D, Ryan KA, Sabanayagam C, Salvi E, Schmidt H, Schmidt R, Scholz M, Schöttker B, Schulz CA, Sedaghat S, Shaffer CM, Sieber KB, Sim X, Sims M, Snieder H, Stanzick KJ, Thorsteinsdottir U, Stocker H, Strauch K, Stringham HM, Sulem P, Szymczak S, Taylor KD, Thio CHL, Tremblay J, Vaccargiu S, van der Harst P, van der Most PJ, Verweij N, Völker U, Wakai K, Waldenberger M, Wallentin L, Wallner S, Wang J, Waterworth DM, White HD, Willer CJ, Wong TY, Woodward M, Yang Q, Yerges-Armstrong LM, Zimmermann M, Zonderman AB, Bergler T, Stefansson K, Böger CA, Pattaro C, Köttgen A, Kronenberg F, Heid IM. Genetic loci and prioritization of genes for kidney function decline derived from a meta-analysis of 62 longitudinal genome-wide association studies. Kidney Int 2022; 102:624-639. [PMID: 35716955 PMCID: PMC10034922 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2022.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) reflects kidney function. Progressive eGFR-decline can lead to kidney failure, necessitating dialysis or transplantation. Hundreds of loci from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for eGFR help explain population cross section variability. Since the contribution of these or other loci to eGFR-decline remains largely unknown, we derived GWAS for annual eGFR-decline and meta-analyzed 62 longitudinal studies with eGFR assessed twice over time in all 343,339 individuals and in high-risk groups. We also explored different covariate adjustment. Twelve genome-wide significant independent variants for eGFR-decline unadjusted or adjusted for eGFR-baseline (11 novel, one known for this phenotype), including nine variants robustly associated across models were identified. All loci for eGFR-decline were known for cross-sectional eGFR and thus distinguished a subgroup of eGFR loci. Seven of the nine variants showed variant-by-age interaction on eGFR cross section (further about 350,000 individuals), which linked genetic associations for eGFR-decline with age-dependency of genetic cross-section associations. Clinically important were two to four-fold greater genetic effects on eGFR-decline in high-risk subgroups. Five variants associated also with chronic kidney disease progression mapped to genes with functional in-silico evidence (UMOD, SPATA7, GALNTL5, TPPP). An unfavorable versus favorable nine-variant genetic profile showed increased risk odds ratios of 1.35 for kidney failure (95% confidence intervals 1.03-1.77) and 1.27 for acute kidney injury (95% confidence intervals 1.08-1.50) in over 2000 cases each, with matched controls). Thus, we provide a large data resource, genetic loci, and prioritized genes for kidney function decline, which help inform drug development pipelines revealing important insights into the age-dependency of kidney function genetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathias Gorski
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany; Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.
| | - Humaira Rasheed
- K. G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Alexander Teumer
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany; Department of Population Medicine and Lifestyle Diseases Prevention, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Laurent F Thomas
- K. G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway; Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway; BioCore-Bioinformatics Core Facility, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Sarah E Graham
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | | | - Thomas W Winkler
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Felix Günther
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany; Statistical Consulting Unit StaBLab, Department of Statistics, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Klaus J Stark
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Jin-Fang Chai
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Bamidele O Tayo
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, Illinois, USA
| | - Matthias Wuttke
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Biometry, Epidemiology and Medical Bioinformatics, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Renal Division, Department of Medicine IV, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Yong Li
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Biometry, Epidemiology and Medical Bioinformatics, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Adrienne Tin
- Memory Impairment and Neurodegenerative Dementia (MIND) Center, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA; Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
| | - Tarunveer S Ahluwalia
- Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark; The Bioinformatics Center, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Johan Ärnlöv
- Division of Family Medicine and Primary Care, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; School of Health and Social Studies, Dalarna University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bjørn Olav Åsvold
- K. G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway; Department of Endocrinology, Clinic of Medicine, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Stephan J L Bakker
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Bernhard Banas
- Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Nisha Bansal
- Division of Nephrology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA; Kidney Research Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Mary L Biggs
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA; Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Ginevra Biino
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, National Research Council of Italy, Pavia, Italy
| | - Michael Böhnke
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Human Genetics Center, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Erwin P Bottinger
- Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA; Digital Health Center, Hasso Plattner Institute and University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Hermann Brenner
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Network Aging Research, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ben Brumpton
- K. G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK; Clinic of Thoracic and Occupational Medicine, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Robert J Carroll
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Layal Chaker
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - John Chalmers
- The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Miao-Li Chee
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Miao-Ling Chee
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ching-Yu Cheng
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore, Singapore; Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore; Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Audrey Y Chu
- Genetics, Merck & Co, Inc., Kenilworth, New Jersey, USA
| | - Marina Ciullo
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics "Adriano Buzzati-Traverso"-CNR, Naples, Italy; IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Cocca
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo," Trieste, Italy
| | - James P Cook
- Department of Health Data Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Josef Coresh
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Daniele Cusi
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council of Italy, Milan, Italy; Bio4Dreams-Business Nursery for Life Sciences, Milan, Italy
| | - Martin H de Borst
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Frauke Degenhardt
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Kai-Uwe Eckardt
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Karlhans Endlich
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Michele K Evans
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, Intramural Research Program, US National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Mary F Feitosa
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Andre Franke
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Sandra Freitag-Wolf
- Institute of Medical Informatics and Statistics, Kiel University, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Christian Fuchsberger
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA; Eurac Research, Institute for Biomedicine (affiliated with the University of Lübeck), Bolzano, Italy
| | - Piyush Gampawar
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Center for Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Ron T Gansevoort
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Mohsen Ghanbari
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Sahar Ghasemi
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Vilmantas Giedraitis
- Molecular Geriatrics, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Christian Gieger
- Research Unit Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany; Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Daniel F Gudbjartsson
- deCODE Genetics/Amgen, Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland; Iceland School of Engineering and Natural Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Stein Hallan
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway; Department of Nephrology, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Pavel Hamet
- Montreal University Hospital Research Center, CHUM, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Medpharmgene, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; CRCHUM, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Asahi Hishida
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kevin Ho
- Kidney Health Research Institute (KHRI), Geisinger, Danville, Pennsylvania, USA; Department of Nephrology, Geisinger, Danville, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Edith Hofer
- Clinical Division of Neurogeriatrics, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Bernd Holleczek
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hilma Holm
- deCODE Genetics/Amgen, Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Anselm Hoppmann
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Biometry, Epidemiology and Medical Bioinformatics, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Katrin Horn
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany; LIFE Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Nina Hutri-Kähönen
- Department of Pediatrics, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland; Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Kristian Hveem
- K. G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Shih-Jen Hwang
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts, USA; Population Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - M Arfan Ikram
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Navya Shilpa Josyula
- Geisinger Research, Biomedical and Translational Informatics Institute, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Bettina Jung
- Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany; Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kliniken Südostbayern, Traunstein, Germany; KfH Kidney Centre Traunstein, Traunstein, Germany
| | - Mika Kähönen
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland; Department of Clinical Physiology, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center-Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Irma Karabegović
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Chiea-Chuen Khor
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore, Singapore; Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wolfgang Koenig
- Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany; Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Holly Kramer
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, Illinois, USA; Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Bernhard K Krämer
- Department of Medicine (Nephrology, Hypertensiology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology, Diabetology), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Brigitte Kühnel
- Research Unit Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Johanna Kuusisto
- Department of Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland; Centre for Medicine and Clinical Research, University of Eastern Finland School of Medicine, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Markku Laakso
- Department of Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland; Centre for Medicine and Clinical Research, University of Eastern Finland School of Medicine, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Leslie A Lange
- Division of Biomedical Informatics and Personalized Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver-Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland; Department of Clinical Chemistry, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center-Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Man Li
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Wolfgang Lieb
- Institute of Epidemiology and Biobank Popgen, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Lars Lind
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Cecilia M Lindgren
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA; Wellcome Center for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Nuffield Department of Women's and Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Level 3, Women's Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK; Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Information and Discovery, The Big Data Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Ruth J F Loos
- Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA; The Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Mary Ann Lukas
- Clinical Sciences, GlaxoSmithKline, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland; Department of Clinical Chemistry, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center-Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Anubha Mahajan
- Wellcome Center for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Oxford Center for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Pamela R Matias-Garcia
- Research Unit Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany; Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany; TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Christa Meisinger
- Independent Research Group Clinical Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany; Chair of Epidemiology, University of Augsburg, University Hospital Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Meitinger
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany; Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany; Institute of Human Genetics, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Olle Melander
- Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Yuri Milaneschi
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health and Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC/Vrije Universiteit and GGZ inGeest, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Pashupati P Mishra
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland; Department of Clinical Chemistry, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center-Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Nina Mononen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland; Department of Clinical Chemistry, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center-Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Andrew P Morris
- Department of Health Data Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK; Wellcome Center for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Centre for Genetics and Genomics Versus Arthritis, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Josyf C Mychaleckyj
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Girish N Nadkarni
- Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA; Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Mariko Naito
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan; Department of Oral Epidemiology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Masahiro Nakatochi
- Public Health Informatics Unit, Department of Integrated Health Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Mike A Nalls
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA; Data Tecnica International, Glen Echo, Maryland, USA
| | - Matthias Nauck
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany; Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Kjell Nikus
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland; Department of Cardiology, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center-Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Boting Ning
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ilja M Nolte
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Teresa Nutile
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics "Adriano Buzzati-Traverso"-CNR, Naples, Italy
| | - Michelle L O'Donoghue
- Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; TIMI Study Group, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Isleifur Olafsson
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Marju Orho-Melander
- Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease-Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Afshin Parsa
- Division of Kidney, Urologic and Hematologic Diseases, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Sarah A Pendergrass
- Geisinger Research, Biomedical and Translational Informatics Institute, Danville, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Brenda W J H Penninx
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health and Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC/Vrije Universiteit and GGZ inGeest, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Mario Pirastu
- Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research, National Research Council of Italy, UOS of Sassari, Li Punti, Sassari, Italy
| | - Michael H Preuss
- Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Bruce M Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, Department of Epidemiology, Department of Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Laura M Raffield
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Olli T Raitakari
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland; Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland; Research Center of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Myriam Rheinberger
- Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany; Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kliniken Südostbayern, Traunstein, Germany; KfH Kidney Centre Traunstein, Traunstein, Germany
| | - Kenneth M Rice
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Federica Rizzi
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milano, Italy; ePhood Scientific Unit, ePhood SRL, Milano, Italy
| | - Alexander R Rosenkranz
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Peter Rossing
- Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, USA
| | - Daniela Ruggiero
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics "Adriano Buzzati-Traverso"-CNR, Naples, Italy; IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Kathleen A Ryan
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Charumathi Sabanayagam
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore, Singapore; Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Erika Salvi
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milano, Italy; Neuroalgology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico "Carlo Besta," Milan, Italy
| | - Helena Schmidt
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Center for Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Reinhold Schmidt
- Clinical Division of Neurogeriatrics, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Markus Scholz
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany; LIFE Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ben Schöttker
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Network Aging Research, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christina-Alexandra Schulz
- Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease-Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Sanaz Sedaghat
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Christian M Shaffer
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Karsten B Sieber
- Human Genetics, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Xueling Sim
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Mario Sims
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
| | - Harold Snieder
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Kira J Stanzick
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Unnur Thorsteinsdottir
- deCODE Genetics/Amgen, Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland; Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Hannah Stocker
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Network Aging Research, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Konstantin Strauch
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany; Chair of Genetic Epidemiology, IBE, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, München, Germany; Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Heather M Stringham
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | | | - Silke Szymczak
- Institute of Medical Informatics and Statistics, Kiel University, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany; Institute of Medical Biometry and Statistics, University of Lübeck, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Kent D Taylor
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, USA
| | - Chris H L Thio
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Johanne Tremblay
- Montreal University Hospital Research Center, CHUM, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; CRCHUM, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Medpharmgene, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Simona Vaccargiu
- Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research, National Research Council of Italy, UOS of Sassari, Li Punti, Sassari, Italy
| | - Pim van der Harst
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands; Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands; Durrer Center for Cardiovascular Research, The Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Peter J van der Most
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Niek Verweij
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Uwe Völker
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany; Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Kenji Wakai
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Melanie Waldenberger
- Research Unit Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany; Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Lars Wallentin
- Cardiology, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; Uppsala Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Stefan Wallner
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Judy Wang
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | | | - Harvey D White
- Green Lane Cardiovascular Service, Auckland City Hospital and University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Cristen J Willer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA; Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA; Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Tien-Yin Wong
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore, Singapore; Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Mark Woodward
- The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; The George Institute for Global Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Qiong Yang
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Martina Zimmermann
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Alan B Zonderman
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, Intramural Research Program, US National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Tobias Bergler
- Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Kari Stefansson
- deCODE Genetics/Amgen, Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland; Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Carsten A Böger
- Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany; Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kliniken Südostbayern, Traunstein, Germany; KfH Kidney Centre Traunstein, Traunstein, Germany
| | - Cristian Pattaro
- Eurac Research, Institute for Biomedicine (affiliated with the University of Lübeck), Bolzano, Italy
| | - Anna Köttgen
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Biometry, Epidemiology and Medical Bioinformatics, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Florian Kronenberg
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Genetics and Pharmacology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Iris M Heid
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.
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6
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Kelly TN, Sun X, He KY, Brown MR, Taliun SAG, Hellwege JN, Irvin MR, Mi X, Brody JA, Franceschini N, Guo X, Hwang SJ, de Vries PS, Gao Y, Moscati A, Nadkarni GN, Yanek LR, Elfassy T, Smith JA, Chung RH, Beitelshees AL, Patki A, Aslibekyan S, Blobner BM, Peralta JM, Assimes TL, Palmas WR, Liu C, Bress AP, Huang Z, Becker LC, Hwa CM, O'Connell JR, Carlson JC, Warren HR, Das S, Giri A, Martin LW, Craig Johnson W, Fox ER, Bottinger EP, Razavi AC, Vaidya D, Chuang LM, Chang YPC, Naseri T, Jain D, Kang HM, Hung AM, Srinivasasainagendra V, Snively BM, Gu D, Montasser ME, Reupena MS, Heavner BD, LeFaive J, Hixson JE, Rice KM, Wang FF, Nielsen JB, Huang J, Khan AT, Zhou W, Nierenberg JL, Laurie CC, Armstrong ND, Shi M, Pan Y, Stilp AM, Emery L, Wong Q, Hawley NL, Minster RL, Curran JE, Munroe PB, Weeks DE, North KE, Tracy RP, Kenny EE, Shimbo D, Chakravarti A, Rich SS, Reiner AP, Blangero J, Redline S, Mitchell BD, Rao DC, Ida Chen YD, Kardia SLR, Kaplan RC, Mathias RA, He J, Psaty BM, Fornage M, Loos RJF, Correa A, Boerwinkle E, Rotter JI, Kooperberg C, Edwards TL, Abecasis GR, Zhu X, Levy D, Arnett DK, Morrison AC. Insights From a Large-Scale Whole-Genome Sequencing Study of Systolic Blood Pressure, Diastolic Blood Pressure, and Hypertension. Hypertension 2022; 79:1656-1667. [PMID: 35652341 PMCID: PMC9593435 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.122.19324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The availability of whole-genome sequencing data in large studies has enabled the assessment of coding and noncoding variants across the allele frequency spectrum for their associations with blood pressure. METHODS We conducted a multiancestry whole-genome sequencing analysis of blood pressure among 51 456 Trans-Omics for Precision Medicine and Centers for Common Disease Genomics program participants (stage-1). Stage-2 analyses leveraged array data from UK Biobank (N=383 145), Million Veteran Program (N=318 891), and Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (N=10 643) participants, along with whole-exome sequencing data from UK Biobank (N=199 631) participants. RESULTS Two blood pressure signals achieved genome-wide significance in meta-analyses of stage-1 and stage-2 single variant findings (P<5×10-8). Among them, a rare intergenic variant at novel locus, LOC100506274, was associated with lower systolic blood pressure in stage-1 (beta [SE]=-32.6 [6.0]; P=4.99×10-8) but not stage-2 analysis (P=0.11). Furthermore, a novel common variant at the known INSR locus was suggestively associated with diastolic blood pressure in stage-1 (beta [SE]=-0.36 [0.07]; P=4.18×10-7) and attained genome-wide significance in stage-2 (beta [SE]=-0.29 [0.03]; P=7.28×10-23). Nineteen additional signals suggestively associated with blood pressure in meta-analysis of single and aggregate rare variant findings (P<1×10-6 and P<1×10-4, respectively). DISCUSSION We report one promising but unconfirmed rare variant for blood pressure and, more importantly, contribute insights for future blood pressure sequencing studies. Our findings suggest promise of aggregate analyses to complement single variant analysis strategies and the need for larger, diverse samples, and family studies to enable robust rare variant identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanika N Kelly
- Department of Epidemiology (T.N.K., X.S., X.M., Z.H., A.C.R., J.L.N., M.S., Y.P., J.H.), Tulane University, New Orleans, LA
- Translational Sciences Institute (T.N.K., J.H.), Tulane University, New Orleans, LA
| | - Xiao Sun
- Department of Epidemiology (T.N.K., X.S., X.M., Z.H., A.C.R., J.L.N., M.S., Y.P., J.H.), Tulane University, New Orleans, LA
| | - Karen Y He
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH (K.Y.H., X.Z.)
| | - Michael R Brown
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health (M.R.B., P.D.d.V., J.E.H., E.B., A.C.M.), The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston' Houston' TX
| | - Sarah A Gagliano Taliun
- Department of Biostatistics (S.A.G.T., S.D., H.M.K., J.L., G.R.A.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor' MI
| | - Jacklyn N Hellwege
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine (J.N.H.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
- Biomedical Laboratory Research and Development, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System (626)/Vanderbilt University, Nashville' TN (J.N.H., A.G., A.M.H., T.L.E.)
| | - Marguerite R Irvin
- Department of Epidemiology (M.R.I., S.A., N.D.A.), University of Alabama at Birmingham' AL
| | - Xuenan Mi
- Department of Epidemiology (T.N.K., X.S., X.M., Z.H., A.C.R., J.L.N., M.S., Y.P., J.H.), Tulane University, New Orleans, LA
| | - Jennifer A Brody
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine (J.A.B., K.E.N.), University of Washington, Seattle' WA
| | - Nora Franceschini
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill (N.F.)
| | - Xiuqing Guo
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance' CA (X.G., Y.-D.I.C., J.I.R., D.L.)
| | - Shih-Jen Hwang
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Population Sciences Branch, National Institutes of Health, Framingham, MA (S.-J.H.)
| | - Paul S de Vries
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health (M.R.B., P.D.d.V., J.E.H., E.B., A.C.M.), The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston' Houston' TX
| | - Yan Gao
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics (Y.G., E.E.K., R.J.F.L.), University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson' MS
| | - Arden Moscati
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine (A.M., G.N.N.), The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Girish N Nadkarni
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine (A.M., G.N.N.), The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
- Department of Medicine (G.N.N.), The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Lisa R Yanek
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine (L.R.Y., D.V.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Tali Elfassy
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami' FL (T.E.)
| | - Jennifer A Smith
- Department of Epidemiology (J.A.S., S.L.R.K.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor' MI
| | - Ren-Hua Chung
- Institute of Population Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Taiwan (R.-H.C.)
| | - Amber L Beitelshees
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore' MD (A.L.B., J.R.O., Y.-P.C.C., M.E.M., B.D.M.)
| | - Amit Patki
- Department of Biostatistics (A.P., V.S.), University of Alabama at Birmingham' AL
| | - Stella Aslibekyan
- Department of Epidemiology (M.R.I., S.A., N.D.A.), University of Alabama at Birmingham' AL
| | - Brandon M Blobner
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine, Epidemiology, and Health Services (B.M.P.), University of Washington, Seattle' WA
- Department of Human Genetics (B.M.B., R.L.M., D.E.W.), University of Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Juan M Peralta
- Department of Human Genetics and South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville' TX (J.M.P., J.E.C., J.B.)
| | - Themistocles L Assimes
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford' CA (T.L.A.)
- Division of Cardiology Medicine, Palo Alto VA HealthCare System, Palo Alto' CA (T.L.A.)
| | - Walter R Palmas
- Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY (W.R.P.)
| | - Chunyu Liu
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University, Boston' MA (C.L.)
| | - Adam P Bress
- Division of Health System Innovation and Research, Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City' UT (A.P.B.)
| | - Zhijie Huang
- Department of Epidemiology (T.N.K., X.S., X.M., Z.H., A.C.R., J.L.N., M.S., Y.P., J.H.), Tulane University, New Orleans, LA
| | - Lewis C Becker
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine (L.C.B.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Chii-Min Hwa
- Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan (C.-M.H.)
| | - Jeffrey R O'Connell
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore' MD (A.L.B., J.R.O., Y.-P.C.C., M.E.M., B.D.M.)
| | - Jenna C Carlson
- Department of Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health (J.C.C.), University of Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Helen R Warren
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry (H.R.W., P.B.M.), Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom
- National Institute for Health Research Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Centre (H.R.W., P.B.M.), Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom
| | - Sayantan Das
- Department of Biostatistics (S.A.G.T., S.D., H.M.K., J.L., G.R.A.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor' MI
| | - Ayush Giri
- Biomedical Laboratory Research and Development, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System (626)/Vanderbilt University, Nashville' TN (J.N.H., A.G., A.M.H., T.L.E.)
- Division of Quantitative Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN (A.G.)
| | - Lisa W Martin
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, George Washington University, Washington, DC (L.W.M.)
| | - W Craig Johnson
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health (W.C.J., D.J., B.D.H., K.M.R., F.F.E., A.T.K., C.C.L., A.M.S., L.E., Q.W.), University of Washington, Seattle' WA
| | - Ervin R Fox
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine (E.R.F.), University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson' MS
| | - Erwin P Bottinger
- Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at Mount Sinai (E.P.B.), The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Alexander C Razavi
- Department of Epidemiology (T.N.K., X.S., X.M., Z.H., A.C.R., J.L.N., M.S., Y.P., J.H.), Tulane University, New Orleans, LA
| | - Dhananjay Vaidya
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine (L.R.Y., D.V.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Lee-Ming Chuang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei' Taiwan (L.-M.C.)
| | - Yen-Pei C Chang
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore' MD (A.L.B., J.R.O., Y.-P.C.C., M.E.M., B.D.M.)
| | - Take Naseri
- Ministry of Health, Government of Samoa, Apia' Samoa (T.N.)
| | - Deepti Jain
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health (W.C.J., D.J., B.D.H., K.M.R., F.F.E., A.T.K., C.C.L., A.M.S., L.E., Q.W.), University of Washington, Seattle' WA
| | - Hyun Min Kang
- Department of Biostatistics (S.A.G.T., S.D., H.M.K., J.L., G.R.A.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor' MI
| | - Adriana M Hung
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine (A.M.H.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
- Biomedical Laboratory Research and Development, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System (626)/Vanderbilt University, Nashville' TN (J.N.H., A.G., A.M.H., T.L.E.)
| | | | - Beverly M Snively
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC (B.M.S.)
| | - Dongfeng Gu
- Department of Epidemiology and Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China (D.G., J.H.)
| | - May E Montasser
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore' MD (A.L.B., J.R.O., Y.-P.C.C., M.E.M., B.D.M.)
| | | | - Benjamin D Heavner
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health (W.C.J., D.J., B.D.H., K.M.R., F.F.E., A.T.K., C.C.L., A.M.S., L.E., Q.W.), University of Washington, Seattle' WA
| | - Jonathon LeFaive
- Department of Biostatistics (S.A.G.T., S.D., H.M.K., J.L., G.R.A.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor' MI
| | - James E Hixson
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health (M.R.B., P.D.d.V., J.E.H., E.B., A.C.M.), The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston' Houston' TX
| | - Kenneth M Rice
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health (W.C.J., D.J., B.D.H., K.M.R., F.F.E., A.T.K., C.C.L., A.M.S., L.E., Q.W.), University of Washington, Seattle' WA
| | - Fei Fei Wang
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health (W.C.J., D.J., B.D.H., K.M.R., F.F.E., A.T.K., C.C.L., A.M.S., L.E., Q.W.), University of Washington, Seattle' WA
| | - Jonas B Nielsen
- Department of Internal Medicine: Cardiology (J.B.N.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor' MI
- Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark (J.B.N.)
| | - Jianfeng Huang
- Translational Sciences Institute (T.N.K., J.H.), Tulane University, New Orleans, LA
- Department of Epidemiology and Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China (D.G., J.H.)
| | - Alyna T Khan
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health (W.C.J., D.J., B.D.H., K.M.R., F.F.E., A.T.K., C.C.L., A.M.S., L.E., Q.W.), University of Washington, Seattle' WA
| | - Wei Zhou
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics (W.Z.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor' MI
| | - Jovia L Nierenberg
- Department of Epidemiology (T.N.K., X.S., X.M., Z.H., A.C.R., J.L.N., M.S., Y.P., J.H.), Tulane University, New Orleans, LA
| | - Cathy C Laurie
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health (W.C.J., D.J., B.D.H., K.M.R., F.F.E., A.T.K., C.C.L., A.M.S., L.E., Q.W.), University of Washington, Seattle' WA
| | - Nicole D Armstrong
- Department of Epidemiology (M.R.I., S.A., N.D.A.), University of Alabama at Birmingham' AL
| | - Mengyao Shi
- Department of Epidemiology (T.N.K., X.S., X.M., Z.H., A.C.R., J.L.N., M.S., Y.P., J.H.), Tulane University, New Orleans, LA
| | - Yang Pan
- Department of Epidemiology (T.N.K., X.S., X.M., Z.H., A.C.R., J.L.N., M.S., Y.P., J.H.), Tulane University, New Orleans, LA
| | - Adrienne M Stilp
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health (W.C.J., D.J., B.D.H., K.M.R., F.F.E., A.T.K., C.C.L., A.M.S., L.E., Q.W.), University of Washington, Seattle' WA
| | - Leslie Emery
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health (W.C.J., D.J., B.D.H., K.M.R., F.F.E., A.T.K., C.C.L., A.M.S., L.E., Q.W.), University of Washington, Seattle' WA
| | - Quenna Wong
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health (W.C.J., D.J., B.D.H., K.M.R., F.F.E., A.T.K., C.C.L., A.M.S., L.E., Q.W.), University of Washington, Seattle' WA
| | - Nicola L Hawley
- Department of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT (N.L.H.)
| | - Ryan L Minster
- Department of Human Genetics (B.M.B., R.L.M., D.E.W.), University of Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Joanne E Curran
- Department of Human Genetics and South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville' TX (J.M.P., J.E.C., J.B.)
| | - Patricia B Munroe
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry (H.R.W., P.B.M.), Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom
- National Institute for Health Research Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Centre (H.R.W., P.B.M.), Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel E Weeks
- Department of Human Genetics (B.M.B., R.L.M., D.E.W.), University of Pittsburgh, PA
- Department of Biostatistics (D.E.W.), University of Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Kari E North
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine (J.A.B., K.E.N.), University of Washington, Seattle' WA
| | - Russell P Tracy
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington' VT (R.P.T.)
| | - Eimear E Kenny
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics (Y.G., E.E.K., R.J.F.L.), University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson' MS
- Department of Genetics and Genomics (E.E.K.), The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Daichi Shimbo
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY (D.S.)
| | - Aravinda Chakravarti
- Department of Medicine (A.C.), University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson' MS
| | - Stephen S Rich
- Center for Public Health, University of Virginia, Charlottesville' VA (S.S.R.)
| | - Alex P Reiner
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA (A.P.R., C.K.)
| | - John Blangero
- Department of Human Genetics and South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville' TX (J.M.P., J.E.C., J.B.)
| | - Susan Redline
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA (S.R.)
| | - Braxton D Mitchell
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore' MD (A.L.B., J.R.O., Y.-P.C.C., M.E.M., B.D.M.)
- Geriatrics Research and Education Clinical Center, Baltimore Veterans Administration Medical Center, Baltimore' MD (B.D.M.)
| | - Dabeeru C Rao
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO (D.C.R.)
| | - Yii-Der Ida Chen
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance' CA (X.G., Y.-D.I.C., J.I.R., D.L.)
| | - Sharon L R Kardia
- Department of Epidemiology (J.A.S., S.L.R.K.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor' MI
| | - Robert C Kaplan
- Division of Social Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY (R.C.K.)
| | - Rasika A Mathias
- Division of Allergy & Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine (R.A.M.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Jiang He
- Department of Epidemiology (T.N.K., X.S., X.M., Z.H., A.C.R., J.L.N., M.S., Y.P., J.H.), Tulane University, New Orleans, LA
| | - Bruce M Psaty
- Department of Epidemiology (T.N.K., X.S., X.M., Z.H., A.C.R., J.L.N., M.S., Y.P., J.H.), Tulane University, New Orleans, LA
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle' WA (B.M.P.)
| | - Myriam Fornage
- Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine (M.F.), The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston' Houston' TX
- Human Genetics Center (M.F.), The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston' Houston' TX
| | - Ruth J F Loos
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance' CA (X.G., Y.-D.I.C., J.I.R., D.L.)
- The Mindich Child Health and Development Institute (R.J.F.L.), The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Adolfo Correa
- Center for Human Genetics and Genomics, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY (A.C.)
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health (M.R.B., P.D.d.V., J.E.H., E.B., A.C.M.), The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston' Houston' TX
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (E.B.)
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance' CA (X.G., Y.-D.I.C., J.I.R., D.L.)
| | - Charles Kooperberg
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA (A.P.R., C.K.)
| | - Todd L Edwards
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine (T.L.E.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
- Biomedical Laboratory Research and Development, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System (626)/Vanderbilt University, Nashville' TN (J.N.H., A.G., A.M.H., T.L.E.)
| | - Gonçalo R Abecasis
- Department of Biostatistics (S.A.G.T., S.D., H.M.K., J.L., G.R.A.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor' MI
| | - Xiaofeng Zhu
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH (K.Y.H., X.Z.)
| | - Daniel Levy
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance' CA (X.G., Y.-D.I.C., J.I.R., D.L.)
| | - Donna K Arnett
- College of Public Health, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY (D.K.A.)
| | - Alanna C Morrison
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health (M.R.B., P.D.d.V., J.E.H., E.B., A.C.M.), The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston' Houston' TX
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7
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Hirten RP, Tomalin L, Danieletto M, Golden E, Zweig M, Kaur S, Helmus D, Biello A, Pyzik R, Bottinger EP, Keefer L, Charney D, Nadkarni GN, Suarez-Farinas M, Fayad ZA. Evaluation of a machine learning approach utilizing wearable data for prediction of SARS-CoV-2 infection in healthcare workers. JAMIA Open 2022; 5:ooac041. [PMID: 35677186 PMCID: PMC9129173 DOI: 10.1093/jamiaopen/ooac041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To determine whether a machine learning model can detect SARS-CoV-2 infection from physiological metrics collected from wearable devices. Materials and Methods Health care workers from 7 hospitals were enrolled and prospectively followed in a multicenter observational study. Subjects downloaded a custom smart phone app and wore Apple Watches for the duration of the study period. Daily surveys related to symptoms and the diagnosis of Coronavirus Disease 2019 were answered in the app. Results We enrolled 407 participants with 49 (12%) having a positive nasal SARS-CoV-2 polymerase chain reaction test during follow-up. We examined 5 machine-learning approaches and found that gradient-boosting machines (GBM) had the most favorable validation performance. Across all testing sets, our GBM model predicted SARS-CoV-2 infection with an average area under the receiver operating characteristic (auROC) = 86.4% (confidence interval [CI] 84-89%). The model was calibrated to value sensitivity over specificity, achieving an average sensitivity of 82% (CI ±∼4%) and specificity of 77% (CI ±∼1%). The most important predictors included parameters describing the circadian heart rate variability mean (MESOR) and peak-timing (acrophase), and age. Discussion We show that a tree-based ML algorithm applied to physiological metrics passively collected from a wearable device can identify and predict SARS-CoV-2 infection. Conclusion Applying machine learning models to the passively collected physiological metrics from wearable devices may improve SARS-CoV-2 screening methods and infection tracking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert P Hirten
- Department of Medicine, The Dr. Henry D. Janowitz Division of Gastroenterology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- The Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at the Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Lewis Tomalin
- Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Center for Biostatistics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Matteo Danieletto
- The Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at the Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Eddye Golden
- The Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at the Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Micol Zweig
- The Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at the Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Sparshdeep Kaur
- The Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at the Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Drew Helmus
- Department of Medicine, The Dr. Henry D. Janowitz Division of Gastroenterology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Anthony Biello
- Department of Medicine, The Dr. Henry D. Janowitz Division of Gastroenterology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Renata Pyzik
- The BioMedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Erwin P Bottinger
- The Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at the Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Laurie Keefer
- Department of Medicine, The Dr. Henry D. Janowitz Division of Gastroenterology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Dennis Charney
- Office of the Dean, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Girish N Nadkarni
- The Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at the Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- The Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Mayte Suarez-Farinas
- Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Center for Biostatistics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Zahi A Fayad
- The BioMedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Diagnostic, Molecular and Interventional Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
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8
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Winkler TW, Rasheed H, Teumer A, Gorski M, Rowan BX, Stanzick KJ, Thomas LF, Tin A, Hoppmann A, Chu AY, Tayo B, Thio CHL, Cusi D, Chai JF, Sieber KB, Horn K, Li M, Scholz M, Cocca M, Wuttke M, van der Most PJ, Yang Q, Ghasemi S, Nutile T, Li Y, Pontali G, Günther F, Dehghan A, Correa A, Parsa A, Feresin A, de Vries APJ, Zonderman AB, Smith AV, Oldehinkel AJ, De Grandi A, Rosenkranz AR, Franke A, Teren A, Metspalu A, Hicks AA, Morris AP, Tönjes A, Morgan A, Podgornaia AI, Peters A, Körner A, Mahajan A, Campbell A, Freedman BI, Spedicati B, Ponte B, Schöttker B, Brumpton B, Banas B, Krämer BK, Jung B, Åsvold BO, Smith BH, Ning B, Penninx BWJH, Vanderwerff BR, Psaty BM, Kammerer CM, Langefeld CD, Hayward C, Spracklen CN, Robinson-Cohen C, Hartman CA, Lindgren CM, Wang C, Sabanayagam C, Heng CK, Lanzani C, Khor CC, Cheng CY, Fuchsberger C, Gieger C, Shaffer CM, Schulz CA, Willer CJ, Chasman DI, Gudbjartsson DF, Ruggiero D, Toniolo D, Czamara D, Porteous DJ, Waterworth DM, Mascalzoni D, Mook-Kanamori DO, Reilly DF, Daw EW, Hofer E, Boerwinkle E, Salvi E, Bottinger EP, Tai ES, Catamo E, Rizzi F, Guo F, Rivadeneira F, Guilianini F, Sveinbjornsson G, Ehret G, Waeber G, Biino G, Girotto G, Pistis G, Nadkarni GN, Delgado GE, Montgomery GW, Snieder H, Campbell H, White HD, Gao H, Stringham HM, Schmidt H, Li H, Brenner H, Holm H, Kirsten H, Kramer H, Rudan I, Nolte IM, Tzoulaki I, Olafsson I, Martins J, Cook JP, Wilson JF, Halbritter J, Felix JF, Divers J, Kooner JS, Lee JJM, O'Connell J, Rotter JI, Liu J, Xu J, Thiery J, Ärnlöv J, Kuusisto J, Jakobsdottir J, Tremblay J, Chambers JC, Whitfield JB, Gaziano JM, Marten J, Coresh J, Jonas JB, Mychaleckyj JC, Christensen K, Eckardt KU, Mohlke KL, Endlich K, Dittrich K, Ryan KA, Rice KM, Taylor KD, Ho K, Nikus K, Matsuda K, Strauch K, Miliku K, Hveem K, Lind L, Wallentin L, Yerges-Armstrong LM, Raffield LM, Phillips LS, Launer LJ, Lyytikäinen LP, Lange LA, Citterio L, Klaric L, Ikram MA, Ising M, Kleber ME, Francescatto M, Concas MP, Ciullo M, Piratsu M, Orho-Melander M, Laakso M, Loeffler M, Perola M, de Borst MH, Gögele M, Bianca ML, Lukas MA, Feitosa MF, Biggs ML, Wojczynski MK, Kavousi M, Kanai M, Akiyama M, Yasuda M, Nauck M, Waldenberger M, Chee ML, Chee ML, Boehnke M, Preuss MH, Stumvoll M, Province MA, Evans MK, O'Donoghue ML, Kubo M, Kähönen M, Kastarinen M, Nalls MA, Kuokkanen M, Ghanbari M, Bochud M, Josyula NS, Martin NG, Tan NYQ, Palmer ND, Pirastu N, Schupf N, Verweij N, Hutri-Kähönen N, Mononen N, Bansal N, Devuyst O, Melander O, Raitakari OT, Polasek O, Manunta P, Gasparini P, Mishra PP, Sulem P, Magnusson PKE, Elliott P, Ridker PM, Hamet P, Svensson PO, Joshi PK, Kovacs P, Pramstaller PP, Rossing P, Vollenweider P, van der Harst P, Dorajoo R, Sim RZH, Burkhardt R, Tao R, Noordam R, Mägi R, Schmidt R, de Mutsert R, Rueedi R, van Dam RM, Carroll RJ, Gansevoort RT, Loos RJF, Felicita SC, Sedaghat S, Padmanabhan S, Freitag-Wolf S, Pendergrass SA, Graham SE, Gordon SD, Hwang SJ, Kerr SM, Vaccargiu S, Patil SB, Hallan S, Bakker SJL, Lim SC, Lucae S, Vogelezang S, Bergmann S, Corre T, Ahluwalia TS, Lehtimäki T, Boutin TS, Meitinger T, Wong TY, Bergler T, Rabelink TJ, Esko T, Haller T, Thorsteinsdottir U, Völker U, Foo VHX, Salomaa V, Vitart V, Giedraitis V, Gudnason V, Jaddoe VWV, Huang W, Zhang W, Wei WB, Kiess W, März W, Koenig W, Lieb W, Gao X, Sim X, Wang YX, Friedlander Y, Tham YC, Kamatani Y, Okada Y, Milaneschi Y, Yu Z, Stark KJ, Stefansson K, Böger CA, Hung AM, Kronenberg F, Köttgen A, Pattaro C, Heid IM. Differential and shared genetic effects on kidney function between diabetic and non-diabetic individuals. Commun Biol 2022; 5:580. [PMID: 35697829 PMCID: PMC9192715 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03448-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Reduced glomerular filtration rate (GFR) can progress to kidney failure. Risk factors include genetics and diabetes mellitus (DM), but little is known about their interaction. We conducted genome-wide association meta-analyses for estimated GFR based on serum creatinine (eGFR), separately for individuals with or without DM (nDM = 178,691, nnoDM = 1,296,113). Our genome-wide searches identified (i) seven eGFR loci with significant DM/noDM-difference, (ii) four additional novel loci with suggestive difference and (iii) 28 further novel loci (including CUBN) by allowing for potential difference. GWAS on eGFR among DM individuals identified 2 known and 27 potentially responsible loci for diabetic kidney disease. Gene prioritization highlighted 18 genes that may inform reno-protective drug development. We highlight the existence of DM-only and noDM-only effects, which can inform about the target group, if respective genes are advanced as drug targets. Largely shared effects suggest that most drug interventions to alter eGFR should be effective in DM and noDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas W Winkler
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.
| | - Humaira Rasheed
- K. G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Division of Medicine and Laboratory Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Alexander Teumer
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Department of Population Medicine and Lifestyle Diseases Prevention, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Mathias Gorski
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
- Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Bryce X Rowan
- Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Veteran's Affairs, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System (626)/Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Kira J Stanzick
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Laurent F Thomas
- K. G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- BioCore-Bioinformatics Core Facility, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Adrienne Tin
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Anselm Hoppmann
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Data Driven Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | | | - Bamidele Tayo
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Chris H L Thio
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Daniele Cusi
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council of Italy, Milan, Italy
- Bio4Dreams-Business Nursery for Life Sciences, Milan, Italy
| | - Jin-Fang Chai
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Karsten B Sieber
- Target Sciences-Genetics, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, PA, USA
| | - Katrin Horn
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- LIFE Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Man Li
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Markus Scholz
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- LIFE Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Massimiliano Cocca
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS 'Burlo Garofolo', Trieste, Italy
| | - Matthias Wuttke
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Data Driven Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine IV, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Peter J van der Most
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Qiong Yang
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sahar Ghasemi
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Teresa Nutile
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics 'Adriano Buzzati-Traverso'-CNR, Naples, Italy
| | - Yong Li
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Data Driven Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Giulia Pontali
- Eurac Research, Institute for Biomedicine (affiliated with the University of Lübeck), Bolzano, Italy
- University of Trento, Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology-CIBIO, Trento, Italy
| | - Felix Günther
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
- Statistical Consulting Unit StaBLab, Department of Statistics, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Abbas Dehghan
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Dementia Research Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Adolfo Correa
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Afshin Parsa
- Division of Kidney, Urologic and Hematologic Diseases, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Agnese Feresin
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Aiko P J de Vries
- Section of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Alan B Zonderman
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, Intramural Research Program, US National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Albert V Smith
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
- CNRS UMR 8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, University of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Albertine J Oldehinkel
- Interdisciplinary Center of Psychopathology and Emotion Regulation (ICPE), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Alessandro De Grandi
- Eurac Research, Institute for Biomedicine (affiliated with the University of Lübeck), Bolzano, Italy
| | - Alexander R Rosenkranz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Andre Franke
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Andrej Teren
- LIFE Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Heart Center Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Andres Metspalu
- Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Andrew A Hicks
- Eurac Research, Institute for Biomedicine (affiliated with the University of Lübeck), Bolzano, Italy
| | - Andrew P Morris
- Department of Health Data Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK
- Centre for Genetics and Genomics Versus Arthritis, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Anke Tönjes
- Medical Department III-Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Anna Morgan
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS 'Burlo Garofolo', Trieste, Italy
| | | | - Annette Peters
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Chair of Epidemiology, IBE, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Antje Körner
- LIFE Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Women and Child Health, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Center for Pediatric Research, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Anubha Mahajan
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Archie Campbell
- Center for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Barry I Freedman
- Section on Nephrology, Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Beatrice Spedicati
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Belen Ponte
- Service de Néphrologie et Hypertension, Medicine Department, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Ben Schöttker
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Network Aging Research, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ben Brumpton
- K. G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Clinic of Medicine, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, 7030, Norway
- HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and Nursing, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, 7600, Norway
| | - Bernhard Banas
- Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Bernhard K Krämer
- Vth Department of Medicine (Nephrology, Hypertensiology, Endocrinology, Diabetology, Rheumatology, Pneumology), Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Bettina Jung
- Department of Population Medicine and Lifestyle Diseases Prevention, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
- Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kliniken Südostbayern, Traunstein, Germany
| | - Bjørn Olav Åsvold
- K. G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Endocrinology, Clinic of Medicine, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Blair H Smith
- Division of Population Health and Genomics, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Boting Ning
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Brenda W J H Penninx
- Department of Psychiatry, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Brett R Vanderwerff
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Bruce M Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Health Systems and Population Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Candace M Kammerer
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Carl D Langefeld
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Caroline Hayward
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Cassandra N Spracklen
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Cassianne Robinson-Cohen
- Department of Veteran's Affairs, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System (626)/Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Vanderbilt Center for Kidney Disease and Integrated Program for Acute Kidney Injury Research, and Vanderbilt Precision Nephrology Program Nashville, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Catharina A Hartman
- Interdisciplinary Center of Psychopathology and Emotion Regulation (ICPE), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Cecilia M Lindgren
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Big Data Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Information and Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7LF, UK
| | - Chaolong Wang
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Charumathi Sabanayagam
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore, Singapore
- Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chew-Kiat Heng
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Khoo Teck Puat-National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chiara Lanzani
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Genomics of Renal Diseases and Hypertension Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiea-Chuen Khor
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ching-Yu Cheng
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore, Singapore
- Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Christian Fuchsberger
- Eurac Research, Institute for Biomedicine (affiliated with the University of Lübeck), Bolzano, Italy
| | - Christian Gieger
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Research Unit Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Christian M Shaffer
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | | - Cristen J Willer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Daniel I Chasman
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Daniel F Gudbjartsson
- deCODE Genetics/Amgen, Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland
- Iceland School of Engineering and Natural Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Daniela Ruggiero
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics 'Adriano Buzzati-Traverso'-CNR, Naples, Italy
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| | | | - Darina Czamara
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - David J Porteous
- Center for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Center for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | - Deborah Mascalzoni
- Eurac Research, Institute for Biomedicine (affiliated with the University of Lübeck), Bolzano, Italy
- Centre for Research Ethics & Bioethics, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Dennis O Mook-Kanamori
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - E Warwick Daw
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Edith Hofer
- Clinical Division of Neurogeriatrics, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Human Genetics Center, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Erika Salvi
- Neuroalgology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico 'Carlo Besta', Milan, Italy
| | - Erwin P Bottinger
- Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Digital Health Center, Hasso Plattner Institute and University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - E-Shyong Tai
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Duke - NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Eulalia Catamo
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS 'Burlo Garofolo', Trieste, Italy
| | - Federica Rizzi
- Bio4Dreams-Business Nursery for Life Sciences, Milan, Italy
- ePhood Scientific Unit, ePhood SRL, Milano, Italy
| | - Feng Guo
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Fernando Rivadeneira
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Franco Guilianini
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Georg Ehret
- Cardiology, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Gerard Waeber
- Department of Medicine, Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ginevra Biino
- Institute of Molecular Genetics "Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza", National Research Council of Italy, Pavia, Italy
| | - Giorgia Girotto
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS 'Burlo Garofolo', Trieste, Italy
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Giorgio Pistis
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Girish N Nadkarni
- Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Graciela E Delgado
- Vth Department of Medicine (Nephrology, Hypertensiology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology, Diabetology), Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Grant W Montgomery
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Harold Snieder
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Harry Campbell
- Centre for Global Health, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Harvey D White
- Green Lane Cardiovascular Service, Auckland City Hospital and University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - He Gao
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Heather M Stringham
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Helena Schmidt
- Research Unit Genetic Epidemiology, Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signaling, Metabolism and Aging, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Hengtong Li
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hermann Brenner
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Network Aging Research, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hilma Holm
- deCODE Genetics/Amgen, Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Holgen Kirsten
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- LIFE Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Holly Kramer
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Igor Rudan
- Centre for Global Health, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Ilja M Nolte
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ioanna Tzoulaki
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Dementia Research Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina Medical School, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Isleifur Olafsson
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Jade Martins
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - James P Cook
- Department of Health Data Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - James F Wilson
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Centre for Global Health, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Jan Halbritter
- Medical Department III-Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Janine F Felix
- Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jasmin Divers
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Jaspal S Kooner
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital, London North West University Healthcare NHS Trust, Middlesex, UK
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Imperial College London, London, UK
- MRC-PHE Center for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Jeannette Jen-Mai Lee
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Jerome I Rotter
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institutefor Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jie Xu
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Joachim Thiery
- LIFE Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Johan Ärnlöv
- Division of Family Medicine and Primary Care, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- School of Health and Social Studies, Dalarna University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Johanna Kuusisto
- University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Johanna Jakobsdottir
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
- The Center of Public Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Johanne Tremblay
- Montreal University Hospital Research Center, CHUM, Montreal, QC, Canada
- CRCHUM, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - John C Chambers
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital, London North West University Healthcare NHS Trust, Middlesex, UK
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Imperial College London, London, UK
- MRC-PHE Center for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - John B Whitfield
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - John M Gaziano
- Department of Internal Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- VA Cooperative Studies Program, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jonathan Marten
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Josef Coresh
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jost B Jonas
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
- Instituteof Molecular and Clinical Ophthalmology, Basel, Switzerland
- Privatpraxis Prof Jonas und Dr Panda-Jonas, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Josyf C Mychaleckyj
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Kaare Christensen
- Danish Aging Research Center, University of Southern Denmark, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Kai-Uwe Eckardt
- Intensive Care Medicine, Charité, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Karen L Mohlke
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Karlhans Endlich
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Katalin Dittrich
- Department of Women and Child Health, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Center for Pediatric Research, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Kathleen A Ryan
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kenneth M Rice
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Kent D Taylor
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institutefor Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Kevin Ho
- Geisinger Research, Biomedical and Translational Informatics Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
- Department of Nephrology, Geisinger, Danville, PA, USA
| | - Kjell Nikus
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Cardiology, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center-Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Koichi Matsuda
- Laboratory of Clinical Genome Sequencing, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Konstantin Strauch
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Chair of Genetic Epidemiology, IBE, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, München, Germany
- Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics (IMBEI), University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Kozeta Miliku
- Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kristian Hveem
- K. G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Lars Lind
- Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Lars Wallentin
- Cardiology, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Uppsala Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - Laura M Raffield
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Lawrence S Phillips
- Atlanta VA Health Care System, Decatur, GA, USA
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Lenore J Launer
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, Intramural Research Program, US National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center-Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Leslie A Lange
- Division of Biomedical Informatics and Personalized Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver-Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Lorena Citterio
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Genomics of Renal Diseases and Hypertension Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Lucija Klaric
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - M Arfan Ikram
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marcus Ising
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Marcus E Kleber
- Vth Department of Medicine (Nephrology, Hypertensiology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology, Diabetology), Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
- SYNLAB MVZ Humangenetik Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | | | - Maria Pina Concas
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS 'Burlo Garofolo', Trieste, Italy
| | - Marina Ciullo
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics 'Adriano Buzzati-Traverso'-CNR, Naples, Italy
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Mario Piratsu
- Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research, National Research Council of Italy, Cagliari, Italy
| | | | - Markku Laakso
- University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Markus Loeffler
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- LIFE Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Markus Perola
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Martin H de Borst
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Martin Gögele
- Eurac Research, Institute for Biomedicine (affiliated with the University of Lübeck), Bolzano, Italy
| | - Martina La Bianca
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS 'Burlo Garofolo', Trieste, Italy
| | - Mary Ann Lukas
- Target Sciences-Genetics, GlaxoSmithKline, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Mary F Feitosa
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Mary L Biggs
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Mary K Wojczynski
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Maryam Kavousi
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Masahiro Kanai
- Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), Yokohama, Japan
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Masato Akiyama
- Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), Yokohama, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masayuki Yasuda
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Matthias Nauck
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Melanie Waldenberger
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Research Unit Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Miao-Li Chee
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Miao-Ling Chee
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Michael Boehnke
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Michael H Preuss
- Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Michael Stumvoll
- Medical Department III-Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Michael A Province
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Michele K Evans
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, Intramural Research Program, US National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Michelle L O'Donoghue
- Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- TIMI Study Group, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Michiaki Kubo
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), Yokohama (Kanagawa), Japan
| | - Mika Kähönen
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center-Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | | | - Mike A Nalls
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Data Tecnica International, Glen Echo, MD, USA
| | - Mikko Kuokkanen
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- The Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute and Department of Human Genetics, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, Brownsville, TX, USA
| | - Mohsen Ghanbari
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Murielle Bochud
- Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, 1010, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Navya Shilpa Josyula
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Geisinger Health, 100 N. Academy Ave., Danville, PA, USA
| | | | - Nicholas Y Q Tan
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Nicola Pirastu
- Centre for Global Health, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Nicole Schupf
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Niek Verweij
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Nina Hutri-Kähönen
- Tampere Centre for Skills Training and Simulation, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Nina Mononen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center-Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Nisha Bansal
- Division of Nephrology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Kidney Research Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Olivier Devuyst
- Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Olle Melander
- Department of Clincial Sciences in Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Olli T Raitakari
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Research Center of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Ozren Polasek
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Split, Split, Croatia
- Algebra University College, Ilica 242, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Paolo Manunta
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Genomics of Renal Diseases and Hypertension Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Gasparini
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS 'Burlo Garofolo', Trieste, Italy
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Pashupati P Mishra
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center-Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | | | - Patrik K E Magnusson
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Paul Elliott
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Dementia Research Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Imperial College NIHR Biomedical Research Center, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Health Data Research UK-London, London, UK
| | - Paul M Ridker
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Pavel Hamet
- Montreal University Hospital Research Center, CHUM, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Medpharmgene, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Per O Svensson
- Department of Clinical Science and Education, Karolinska Institutet, Södersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Cardiology, Södersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peter K Joshi
- Centre for Global Health, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Peter Kovacs
- Medical Department III-Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
- Integrated Research and Treatment Center Adiposity Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Peter P Pramstaller
- Eurac Research, Institute for Biomedicine (affiliated with the University of Lübeck), Bolzano, Italy
| | - Peter Rossing
- Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peter Vollenweider
- Department of Medicine, Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Pim van der Harst
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Rajkumar Dorajoo
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ralene Z H Sim
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ralph Burkhardt
- LIFE Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Ran Tao
- Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Raymond Noordam
- Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Reedik Mägi
- Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Reinhold Schmidt
- Clinical Division of Neurogeriatrics, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Renée de Mutsert
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Rico Rueedi
- Department of Computational Biology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Rob M van Dam
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Robert J Carroll
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Ron T Gansevoort
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ruth J F Loos
- Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- The Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Department of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Sanaz Sedaghat
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sandosh Padmanabhan
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Sandra Freitag-Wolf
- Institute of Medical Informatics and Statistics, Kiel University, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Sarah A Pendergrass
- Geisinger Research, Biomedical and Translational Informatics Institute, Danville, PA, USA
| | - Sarah E Graham
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Scott D Gordon
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Shih-Jen Hwang
- NHLBI's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
- The Center for Population Studies, NHLBI, Framingham, MA, USA
| | - Shona M Kerr
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Simona Vaccargiu
- Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research, National Research Council of Italy, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Snehal B Patil
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Stein Hallan
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Nephrology, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Stephan J L Bakker
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Su-Chi Lim
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Diabetes Center, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Suzanne Vogelezang
- Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sven Bergmann
- Department of Computational Biology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Tanguy Corre
- Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, 1010, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Computational Biology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Tarunveer S Ahluwalia
- Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
- The Bioinformatics Center, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center-Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Thibaud S Boutin
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Thomas Meitinger
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Tien-Yin Wong
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore, Singapore
- Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tobias Bergler
- Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Ton J Rabelink
- Section of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory of Experimental Vascular Research, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Tõnu Esko
- Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Toomas Haller
- Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Unnur Thorsteinsdottir
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
- deCODE Genetics/Amgen, Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Uwe Völker
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Valencia Hui Xian Foo
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Veikko Salomaa
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Veronique Vitart
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Vilmantas Giedraitis
- Molecular Geriatrics, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Vilmundur Gudnason
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
| | - Vincent W V Jaddoe
- Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Genetics, Shanghai-MOST Key Laboratory of Health and Disease Genomics, Chinese National Human Genome Center, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Industrial Technology Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - Weihua Zhang
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital, London North West University Healthcare NHS Trust, Middlesex, UK
| | - Wen Bin Wei
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wieland Kiess
- LIFE Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Women and Child Health, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Center for Pediatric Research, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Winfried März
- Vth Department of Medicine (Nephrology, Hypertensiology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology, Diabetology), Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
- Synlab Academy, Synlab Holding Deutschland GmbH, Mannheim, Germany
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Koenig
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Lieb
- Institute of Epidemiology and Biobank Popgen, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Xin Gao
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Xueling Sim
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ya Xing Wang
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yechiel Friedlander
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Yih-Chung Tham
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yoichiro Kamatani
- Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), Yokohama, Japan
- Laboratory of Complex Trait Genomics, Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukinori Okada
- Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), Yokohama, Japan
- Laboratory for Systems Genetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), Osaka, Japan
- Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuri Milaneschi
- Department of Psychiatry, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Zhi Yu
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Klaus J Stark
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Kari Stefansson
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
- deCODE Genetics/Amgen, Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Carsten A Böger
- Department of Population Medicine and Lifestyle Diseases Prevention, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
- Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kliniken Südostbayern, Traunstein, Germany
| | - Adriana M Hung
- Department of Veteran's Affairs, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System (626)/Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Vanderbilt Center for Kidney Disease and Integrated Program for Acute Kidney Injury Research, and Vanderbilt Precision Nephrology Program Nashville, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Florian Kronenberg
- Department of Genetics and Pharmacology, Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Anna Köttgen
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Data Driven Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Cristian Pattaro
- Eurac Research, Institute for Biomedicine (affiliated with the University of Lübeck), Bolzano, Italy
| | - Iris M Heid
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.
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Mahajan A, Spracklen CN, Zhang W, Ng MCY, Petty LE, Kitajima H, Yu GZ, Rüeger S, Speidel L, Kim YJ, Horikoshi M, Mercader JM, Taliun D, Moon S, Kwak SH, Robertson NR, Rayner NW, Loh M, Kim BJ, Chiou J, Miguel-Escalada I, Della Briotta Parolo P, Lin K, Bragg F, Preuss MH, Takeuchi F, Nano J, Guo X, Lamri A, Nakatochi M, Scott RA, Lee JJ, Huerta-Chagoya A, Graff M, Chai JF, Parra EJ, Yao J, Bielak LF, Tabara Y, Hai Y, Steinthorsdottir V, Cook JP, Kals M, Grarup N, Schmidt EM, Pan I, Sofer T, Wuttke M, Sarnowski C, Gieger C, Nousome D, Trompet S, Long J, Sun M, Tong L, Chen WM, Ahmad M, Noordam R, Lim VJY, Tam CHT, Joo YY, Chen CH, Raffield LM, Lecoeur C, Prins BP, Nicolas A, Yanek LR, Chen G, Jensen RA, Tajuddin S, Kabagambe EK, An P, Xiang AH, Choi HS, Cade BE, Tan J, Flanagan J, Abaitua F, Adair LS, Adeyemo A, Aguilar-Salinas CA, Akiyama M, Anand SS, Bertoni A, Bian Z, Bork-Jensen J, Brandslund I, Brody JA, Brummett CM, Buchanan TA, Canouil M, Chan JCN, Chang LC, Chee ML, Chen J, Chen SH, Chen YT, Chen Z, Chuang LM, Cushman M, Das SK, de Silva HJ, Dedoussis G, Dimitrov L, Doumatey AP, Du S, Duan Q, Eckardt KU, Emery LS, Evans DS, Evans MK, Fischer K, Floyd JS, Ford I, Fornage M, Franco OH, Frayling TM, Freedman BI, Fuchsberger C, Genter P, Gerstein HC, Giedraitis V, González-Villalpando C, González-Villalpando ME, Goodarzi MO, Gordon-Larsen P, Gorkin D, Gross M, Guo Y, Hackinger S, Han S, Hattersley AT, Herder C, Howard AG, Hsueh W, Huang M, Huang W, Hung YJ, Hwang MY, Hwu CM, Ichihara S, Ikram MA, Ingelsson M, Islam MT, Isono M, Jang HM, Jasmine F, Jiang G, Jonas JB, Jørgensen ME, Jørgensen T, Kamatani Y, Kandeel FR, Kasturiratne A, Katsuya T, Kaur V, Kawaguchi T, Keaton JM, Kho AN, Khor CC, Kibriya MG, Kim DH, Kohara K, Kriebel J, Kronenberg F, Kuusisto J, Läll K, Lange LA, Lee MS, Lee NR, Leong A, Li L, Li Y, Li-Gao R, Ligthart S, Lindgren CM, Linneberg A, Liu CT, Liu J, Locke AE, Louie T, Luan J, Luk AO, Luo X, Lv J, Lyssenko V, Mamakou V, Mani KR, Meitinger T, Metspalu A, Morris AD, Nadkarni GN, Nadler JL, Nalls MA, Nayak U, Nongmaithem SS, Ntalla I, Okada Y, Orozco L, Patel SR, Pereira MA, Peters A, Pirie FJ, Porneala B, Prasad G, Preissl S, Rasmussen-Torvik LJ, Reiner AP, Roden M, Rohde R, Roll K, Sabanayagam C, Sander M, Sandow K, Sattar N, Schönherr S, Schurmann C, Shahriar M, Shi J, Shin DM, Shriner D, Smith JA, So WY, Stančáková A, Stilp AM, Strauch K, Suzuki K, Takahashi A, Taylor KD, Thorand B, Thorleifsson G, Thorsteinsdottir U, Tomlinson B, Torres JM, Tsai FJ, Tuomilehto J, Tusie-Luna T, Udler MS, Valladares-Salgado A, van Dam RM, van Klinken JB, Varma R, Vujkovic M, Wacher-Rodarte N, Wheeler E, Whitsel EA, Wickremasinghe AR, van Dijk KW, Witte DR, Yajnik CS, Yamamoto K, Yamauchi T, Yengo L, Yoon K, Yu C, Yuan JM, Yusuf S, Zhang L, Zheng W, Raffel LJ, Igase M, Ipp E, Redline S, Cho YS, Lind L, Province MA, Hanis CL, Peyser PA, Ingelsson E, Zonderman AB, Psaty BM, Wang YX, Rotimi CN, Becker DM, Matsuda F, Liu Y, Zeggini E, Yokota M, Rich SS, Kooperberg C, Pankow JS, Engert JC, Chen YDI, Froguel P, Wilson JG, Sheu WHH, Kardia SLR, Wu JY, Hayes MG, Ma RCW, Wong TY, Groop L, Mook-Kanamori DO, Chandak GR, Collins FS, Bharadwaj D, Paré G, Sale MM, Ahsan H, Motala AA, Shu XO, Park KS, Jukema JW, Cruz M, McKean-Cowdin R, Grallert H, Cheng CY, Bottinger EP, Dehghan A, Tai ES, Dupuis J, Kato N, Laakso M, Köttgen A, Koh WP, Palmer CNA, Liu S, Abecasis G, Kooner JS, Loos RJF, North KE, Haiman CA, Florez JC, Saleheen D, Hansen T, Pedersen O, Mägi R, Langenberg C, Wareham NJ, Maeda S, Kadowaki T, Lee J, Millwood IY, Walters RG, Stefansson K, Myers SR, Ferrer J, Gaulton KJ, Meigs JB, Mohlke KL, Gloyn AL, Bowden DW, Below JE, Chambers JC, Sim X, Boehnke M, Rotter JI, McCarthy MI, Morris AP. Multi-ancestry genetic study of type 2 diabetes highlights the power of diverse populations for discovery and translation. Nat Genet 2022; 54:560-572. [PMID: 35551307 PMCID: PMC9179018 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-022-01058-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 91.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
We assembled an ancestrally diverse collection of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in 180,834 affected individuals and 1,159,055 controls (48.9% non-European descent) through the Diabetes Meta-Analysis of Trans-Ethnic association studies (DIAMANTE) Consortium. Multi-ancestry GWAS meta-analysis identified 237 loci attaining stringent genome-wide significance (P < 5 × 10-9), which were delineated to 338 distinct association signals. Fine-mapping of these signals was enhanced by the increased sample size and expanded population diversity of the multi-ancestry meta-analysis, which localized 54.4% of T2D associations to a single variant with >50% posterior probability. This improved fine-mapping enabled systematic assessment of candidate causal genes and molecular mechanisms through which T2D associations are mediated, laying the foundations for functional investigations. Multi-ancestry genetic risk scores enhanced transferability of T2D prediction across diverse populations. Our study provides a step toward more effective clinical translation of T2D GWAS to improve global health for all, irrespective of genetic background.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anubha Mahajan
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
- Genentech, South San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - Cassandra N Spracklen
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Weihua Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital, London North West Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Maggie C Y Ng
- Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Division of Genetic Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Lauren E Petty
- Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Division of Genetic Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Hidetoshi Kitajima
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- The Advanced Research Center for Innovations in Next-Generation Medicine (INGEM), Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Department of Integrative Genomics, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Cancer Center, Tohoku University Hospital, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Grace Z Yu
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Sina Rüeger
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Leo Speidel
- Genetics Institute, University College London, London, UK
- Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Young Jin Kim
- Division of Genome Science, Department of Precision Medicine, National Institute of Health, Cheongju-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Momoko Horikoshi
- Laboratory for Genomics of Diabetes and Metabolism, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Josep M Mercader
- Programs in Metabolism and Medical & Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Diabetes Unit and Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Daniel Taliun
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Sanghoon Moon
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Division of Genome Science, Department of Precision Medicine, National Institute of Health, Cheongju-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Heon Kwak
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Neil R Robertson
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Nigel W Rayner
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Department of Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK
- Institute of Translational Genomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Marie Loh
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
- Translational Laboratory in Genetic Medicine (TLGM), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR) and National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Bong-Jo Kim
- Division of Genome Science, Department of Precision Medicine, National Institute of Health, Cheongju-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Joshua Chiou
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Studies Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Internal Medicine Research Unit, Pfizer Worldwide Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Irene Miguel-Escalada
- Regulatory Genomics and Diabetes, Centre for Genomic Regulation, the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas asociadas (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Kuang Lin
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Fiona Bragg
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Medical Research Council Population Health Research Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Michael H Preuss
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Fumihiko Takeuchi
- Department of Gene Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jana Nano
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Xiuqing Guo
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, the Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation (formerly Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute) at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Amel Lamri
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences and McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Masahiro Nakatochi
- Public Health Informatics Unit, Department of Integrated Health Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Robert A Scott
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jung-Jin Lee
- Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Alicia Huerta-Chagoya
- Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACYT), Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
- Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxicologí, a AmbientalInstituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, UNAM, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico, Mexico
| | - Mariaelisa Graff
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jin-Fang Chai
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Esteban J Parra
- Department of Anthropology, University of Toronto at Mississauga, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jie Yao
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, the Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation (formerly Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute) at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Lawrence F Bielak
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Yasuharu Tabara
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yang Hai
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, the Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation (formerly Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute) at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | | | - James P Cook
- Department of Health Data Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Mart Kals
- Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Niels Grarup
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ellen M Schmidt
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Ian Pan
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Tamar Sofer
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Matthias Wuttke
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Data Driven Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Chloe Sarnowski
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, School of Public Health, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Christian Gieger
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Darryl Nousome
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Stella Trompet
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Jirong Long
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Institute for Medicine and Public Health, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Meng Sun
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Lin Tong
- Institute for Population and Precision Health, the University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Wei-Min Chen
- Department of Public Health Sciences and Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Meraj Ahmad
- Genomic Research on Complex Diseases (GRC-Group), CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CSIR-CCMB), Hyderabad, India
| | - Raymond Noordam
- Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Victor J Y Lim
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Claudia H T Tam
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Chinese University of Hong Kong-Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Research Centre in Diabetes Genomics and Precision Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yoonjung Yoonie Joo
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Health and Biomedical Informatics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Institute of Data Science, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Chien-Hsiun Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Laura M Raffield
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Cécile Lecoeur
- Inserm U1283, CNRS UMR 8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
- University of Lille, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France
| | - Bram Peter Prins
- Department of Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK
| | - Aude Nicolas
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Lisa R Yanek
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Guanjie Chen
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Richard A Jensen
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Salman Tajuddin
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Edmond K Kabagambe
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Institute for Medicine and Public Health, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Division of Academics, Ochsner Health, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Ping An
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Anny H Xiang
- Department of Research and Evaluation, Division of Biostatistics Research, Kaiser Permanente of Southern California, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Hyeok Sun Choi
- Department of Biomedical Science, Hallym University, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Brian E Cade
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jingyi Tan
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, the Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation (formerly Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute) at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Jack Flanagan
- Laboratory for Genomics of Diabetes and Metabolism, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
- Department of Health Data Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Fernando Abaitua
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Vertex Pharmaceuticals Ltd, Oxford, UK
| | - Linda S Adair
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Adebowale Adeyemo
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Carlos A Aguilar-Salinas
- Unidad de Investigación en Enfermedades Metabólicas and Departamento de Endocrinología y Metabolismo, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Masato Akiyama
- Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
- Department of Ocular Pathology and Imaging Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Sonia S Anand
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences and McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alain Bertoni
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Zheng Bian
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jette Bork-Jensen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ivan Brandslund
- Institute of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Vejle Hospital, Vejle, Denmark
| | - Jennifer A Brody
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Chad M Brummett
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Thomas A Buchanan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Mickaël Canouil
- Inserm U1283, CNRS UMR 8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
- University of Lille, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France
| | - Juliana C N Chan
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Chinese University of Hong Kong-Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Research Centre in Diabetes Genomics and Precision Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Li-Ching Chang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Miao-Li Chee
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ji Chen
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK
- Exeter Centre of Excellence in Diabetes (ExCEeD), Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Shyh-Huei Chen
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Yuan-Tsong Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Zhengming Chen
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Medical Research Council Population Health Research Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Lee-Ming Chuang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mary Cushman
- Department of Medicine, University of Vermont, Colchester, VT, USA
| | - Swapan K Das
- Section on Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - H Janaka de Silva
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kelaniya, Ragama, Sri Lanka
| | - George Dedoussis
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Latchezar Dimitrov
- Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Ayo P Doumatey
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Shufa Du
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Qing Duan
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Kai-Uwe Eckardt
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care Medicine, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Leslie S Emery
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Daniel S Evans
- California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Michele K Evans
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Krista Fischer
- Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - James S Floyd
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ian Ford
- Robertson Centre for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Myriam Fornage
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Oscar H Franco
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Timothy M Frayling
- Genetics of Complex Traits, University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Barry I Freedman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Christian Fuchsberger
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research, Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Pauline Genter
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Lundquist Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Hertzel C Gerstein
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences and McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Vilmantas Giedraitis
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Clicerio González-Villalpando
- Centro de Estudios en Diabetes, Unidad de Investigacion en Diabetes y Riesgo Cardiovascular, Centro de Investigacion en Salud Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Salud Publica, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Maria Elena González-Villalpando
- Centro de Estudios en Diabetes, Unidad de Investigacion en Diabetes y Riesgo Cardiovascular, Centro de Investigacion en Salud Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Salud Publica, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Mark O Goodarzi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Penny Gordon-Larsen
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - David Gorkin
- Center for Epigenomics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Myron Gross
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Yu Guo
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Sophie Hackinger
- Department of Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK
| | - Sohee Han
- Division of Genome Science, Department of Precision Medicine, National Institute of Health, Cheongju-si, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Christian Herder
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Annie-Green Howard
- Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Willa Hsueh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Diabetes and Metabolism Research Center, the Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Mengna Huang
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA
- Center for Global Cardiometabolic Health, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Wei Huang
- Shanghai-MOST Key Laboratory of Health and Disease Genomics, Chinese National Human Genome Center at Shanghai (CHGC) and Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies (SIBPT), Shanghai, China
| | - Yi-Jen Hung
- Division of Endocrine and Metabolism, Tri-Service General Hospital Songshan Branch, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mi Yeong Hwang
- Division of Genome Science, Department of Precision Medicine, National Institute of Health, Cheongju-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Chii-Min Hwu
- Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sahoko Ichihara
- Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Shimotsuke, Japan
| | - Mohammad Arfan Ikram
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Martin Ingelsson
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - Masato Isono
- Department of Gene Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hye-Mi Jang
- Division of Genome Science, Department of Precision Medicine, National Institute of Health, Cheongju-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Farzana Jasmine
- Institute for Population and Precision Health, the University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Guozhi Jiang
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Chinese University of Hong Kong-Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Research Centre in Diabetes Genomics and Precision Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jost B Jonas
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Ophthalmology Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Marit E Jørgensen
- Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark
- National Institute of Public Health, Southern Denmark University, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Torben Jørgensen
- Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Frederiksberg, Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Faculty of Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Yoichiro Kamatani
- Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
- Laboratory of Complex Trait Genomics, Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Fouad R Kandeel
- Department of Clinical Diabetes, Endocrinology & Metabolism, Department of Translational Research and Cellular Therapeutics, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | | | - Tomohiro Katsuya
- Department of Clinical Gene Therapy, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Geriatric and General Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Varinderpal Kaur
- Diabetes Unit and Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Takahisa Kawaguchi
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Jacob M Keaton
- Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Institute for Medicine and Public Health, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Center for Precision Health Research, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Abel N Kho
- Division of General Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Center for Health Information Partnerships, Institute for Public Health and Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Chiea-Chuen Khor
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Muhammad G Kibriya
- Institute for Population and Precision Health, the University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Duk-Hwan Kim
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Katsuhiko Kohara
- Department of Regional Resource Management, Ehime University Faculty of Collaborative Regional Innovation, Ehime, Japan
- Ibusuki Kozenkai Hospital, Ibusuki, Japan
| | - Jennifer Kriebel
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Florian Kronenberg
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Genetics and Pharmacology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Johanna Kuusisto
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Kristi Läll
- Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
- Institute of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Leslie A Lange
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Myung-Shik Lee
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute and Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Nanette R Lee
- USC-Office of Population Studies Foundation, Inc., University of San Carlos, Cebu City, Philippines
| | - Aaron Leong
- Diabetes Unit and Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Liming Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Peking University Health Science Centre, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yun Li
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Ruifang Li-Gao
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Symen Ligthart
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Cecilia M Lindgren
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Program in Medical & Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Big Data Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Information and Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Allan Linneberg
- Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Frederiksberg, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ching-Ti Liu
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Adam E Locke
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Genomics and Bioinformatics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
- Regeneron Genetics Center, Tarrytown, NY, USA
| | - Tin Louie
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jian'an Luan
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Andrea O Luk
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Chinese University of Hong Kong-Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Research Centre in Diabetes Genomics and Precision Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xi Luo
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jun Lv
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Peking University Health Science Centre, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Valeriya Lyssenko
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Science, Center for Diabetes Research, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Vasiliki Mamakou
- Dromokaiteio Psychiatric Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - K Radha Mani
- Genomic Research on Complex Diseases (GRC-Group), CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CSIR-CCMB), Hyderabad, India
| | - Thomas Meitinger
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Andres Metspalu
- Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Andrew D Morris
- The Usher Institute to the Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Girish N Nadkarni
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Digital Health Center, Digital Engineering Faculty of Hasso Plattner Institue and University Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
- The Division of Data Driven and Digital Medicine (D3M), Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jerry L Nadler
- Department of Medicine and Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA
| | - Michael A Nalls
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Data Tecnica International LLC, Glen Echo, MD, USA
- Center for Alzheimer's and Related Dementias, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Uma Nayak
- Department of Public Health Sciences and Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Suraj S Nongmaithem
- Genomic Research on Complex Diseases (GRC-Group), CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CSIR-CCMB), Hyderabad, India
| | - Ioanna Ntalla
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Yukinori Okada
- Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
- Laboratory of Statistical Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center (WPI-IFReC), Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- Laboratory for Systems Genetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Lorena Orozco
- Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Sanjay R Patel
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Mark A Pereira
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Annette Peters
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Fraser J Pirie
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Nelson R. Mandela School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Bianca Porneala
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gauri Prasad
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR-Human Resource Development Centre Campus, Ghaziabad, India
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine Unit, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, India
| | - Sebastian Preissl
- Center for Epigenomics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Laura J Rasmussen-Torvik
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Michael Roden
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Rebecca Rohde
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Kathryn Roll
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, the Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation (formerly Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute) at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Charumathi Sabanayagam
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Maike Sander
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Diabetes Research Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Kevin Sandow
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, the Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation (formerly Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute) at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Naveed Sattar
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Sebastian Schönherr
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Genetics and Pharmacology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Claudia Schurmann
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Digital Health Center, Digital Engineering Faculty of Hasso Plattner Institue and University Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
- Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mohammad Shahriar
- Institute for Population and Precision Health, the University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Institute for Population and Precision Health (IPPH), Biological Sciences Division, the University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jinxiu Shi
- Shanghai-MOST Key Laboratory of Health and Disease Genomics, Chinese National Human Genome Center at Shanghai (CHGC) and Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies (SIBPT), Shanghai, China
| | - Dong Mun Shin
- Division of Genome Science, Department of Precision Medicine, National Institute of Health, Cheongju-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Daniel Shriner
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jennifer A Smith
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Wing Yee So
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Alena Stančáková
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Adrienne M Stilp
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Konstantin Strauch
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Chair of Genetic Epidemiology, IBE, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics (IMBEI), University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Ken Suzuki
- Laboratory for Genomics of Diabetes and Metabolism, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
- Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
- Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsushi Takahashi
- Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
- Department of Genomic Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kent D Taylor
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, the Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation (formerly Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute) at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Barbara Thorand
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | | | - Unnur Thorsteinsdottir
- deCODE Genetics, Amgen Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Reykjavik, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Brian Tomlinson
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Jason M Torres
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Fuu-Jen Tsai
- Department of Medical Genetics and Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jaakko Tuomilehto
- Department of Health, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- National School of Public Health, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Neuroscience and Preventive Medicine, Danube University Krems, Krems, Austria
- Diabetes Research Group, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Teresa Tusie-Luna
- Unidad de Biología Molecular y Medicina Genómica, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
- Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxiología, Ambiental Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, UNAM, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Miriam S Udler
- Programs in Metabolism and Medical & Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Diabetes Unit and Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Adan Valladares-Salgado
- Unidad de Investigacion Medica en Bioquimica, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Medico Nacional Siglo XXI, IMSS, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Rob M van Dam
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jan B van Klinken
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Laboratory of Genetic Metabolic Disease, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Rohit Varma
- Southern California Eye Institute, CHA Hollywood Presbyterian Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Marijana Vujkovic
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Niels Wacher-Rodarte
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Epidemiologia Clinica, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Medico Nacional Siglo XXI, IMSS, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Eleanor Wheeler
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Eric A Whitsel
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | | | - Ko Willems van Dijk
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Daniel R Witte
- Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Danish Diabetes Academy, Odense, Denmark
| | - Chittaranjan S Yajnik
- Diabetology Research Centre, King Edward Memorial Hospital and Research Centre, Pune, India
| | - Ken Yamamoto
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Toshimasa Yamauchi
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Loïc Yengo
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Kyungheon Yoon
- Division of Genome Science, Department of Precision Medicine, National Institute of Health, Cheongju-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Canqing Yu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Peking University Health Science Centre, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jian-Min Yuan
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Salim Yusuf
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences and McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Liang Zhang
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wei Zheng
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Institute for Medicine and Public Health, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Leslie J Raffel
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Genetic and Genomic Medicine, UCI Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Michiya Igase
- Department of Anti-Aging Medicine, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan
| | - Eli Ipp
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Lundquist Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Susan Redline
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yoon Shin Cho
- Department of Biomedical Science, Hallym University, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Lars Lind
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Michael A Province
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Craig L Hanis
- Human Genetics Center, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Patricia A Peyser
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Erik Ingelsson
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Alan B Zonderman
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Bruce M Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ya-Xing Wang
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Charles N Rotimi
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Diane M Becker
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Fumihiko Matsuda
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yongmei Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Eleftheria Zeggini
- Department of Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK
- Institute of Translational Genomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Technical University of Munich (TUM) and Klinikum Rechts der Isar, TUM School of Medicine, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Stephen S Rich
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | | | - James S Pankow
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - James C Engert
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Yii-Der Ida Chen
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, the Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation (formerly Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute) at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Philippe Froguel
- Inserm U1283, CNRS UMR 8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
- University of Lille, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France
- Department of Genomics of Common Disease, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - James G Wilson
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Wayne H H Sheu
- School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Sharon L R Kardia
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jer-Yuarn Wu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - M Geoffrey Hayes
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Center for Genetic Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Anthropology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Ronald C W Ma
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Chinese University of Hong Kong-Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Research Centre in Diabetes Genomics and Precision Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tien-Yin Wong
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Leif Groop
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Dennis O Mook-Kanamori
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Giriraj R Chandak
- Genomic Research on Complex Diseases (GRC-Group), CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CSIR-CCMB), Hyderabad, India
| | - Francis S Collins
- Center for Precision Health Research, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Dwaipayan Bharadwaj
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR-Human Resource Development Centre Campus, Ghaziabad, India
- Systems Genomics Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Guillaume Paré
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences and McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michèle M Sale
- Department of Public Health Sciences and Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Habibul Ahsan
- Institute for Population and Precision Health, the University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ayesha A Motala
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Nelson R. Mandela School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Xiao-Ou Shu
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Institute for Medicine and Public Health, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Kyong-Soo Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - J Wouter Jukema
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Miguel Cruz
- Unidad de Investigacion Medica en Bioquimica, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Medico Nacional Siglo XXI, IMSS, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Roberta McKean-Cowdin
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Harald Grallert
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Ching-Yu Cheng
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Erwin P Bottinger
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Digital Health Center, Digital Engineering Faculty of Hasso Plattner Institue and University Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
- Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Abbas Dehghan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - E-Shyong Tai
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Josée Dupuis
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Norihiro Kato
- Department of Gene Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Markku Laakso
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Anna Köttgen
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Data Driven Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Woon-Puay Koh
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Colin N A Palmer
- Pat Macpherson Centre for Pharmacogenetics and Pharmacogenomics, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Simin Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA
- Center for Global Cardiometabolic Health, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
- Department of Medicine, Brown University Alpert School of Medicine, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Goncalo Abecasis
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jaspal S Kooner
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital, London North West Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Imperial College London, London, UK
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Ruth J F Loos
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- The Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Ichan School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kari E North
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Christopher A Haiman
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jose C Florez
- Programs in Metabolism and Medical & Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Diabetes Unit and Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Danish Saleheen
- Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Center for Non-Communicable Diseases, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Torben Hansen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Oluf Pedersen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Reedik Mägi
- Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Claudia Langenberg
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Computational Medicine, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nicholas J Wareham
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Shiro Maeda
- Laboratory for Genomics of Diabetes and Metabolism, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
- Department of Advanced Genomic and Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
- Division of Clinical Laboratory and Blood Transfusion, University of the Ryukyus Hospital, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Takashi Kadowaki
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Toranomon Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Juyoung Lee
- Division of Genome Science, Department of Precision Medicine, National Institute of Health, Cheongju-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Iona Y Millwood
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Medical Research Council Population Health Research Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Robin G Walters
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Medical Research Council Population Health Research Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Kari Stefansson
- deCODE Genetics, Amgen Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Reykjavik, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Simon R Myers
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Department of Statistics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Jorge Ferrer
- Regulatory Genomics and Diabetes, Centre for Genomic Regulation, the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas asociadas (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
- Section of Genetics and Genomics, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Kyle J Gaulton
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Diabetes Research Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - James B Meigs
- Programs in Metabolism and Medical & Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Karen L Mohlke
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Anna L Gloyn
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Churchill Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Donald W Bowden
- Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
- Center for Diabetes Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Jennifer E Below
- Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Division of Genetic Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - John C Chambers
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital, London North West Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Xueling Sim
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Michael Boehnke
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, the Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation (formerly Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute) at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Mark I McCarthy
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
- Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Churchill Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK.
- Genentech, South San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - Andrew P Morris
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
- Department of Health Data Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
- Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.
- Centre for Genetics and Genomics Versus Arthritis, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Division of Musculoskeletal and Dermatological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
- NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK.
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10
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DiCorpo D, LeClair J, Cole JB, Sarnowski C, Ahmadizar F, Bielak LF, Blokstra A, Bottinger EP, Chaker L, Chen YDI, Chen Y, de Vries PS, Faquih T, Ghanbari M, Gudmundsdottir V, Guo X, Hasbani NR, Ibi D, Ikram MA, Kavousi M, Leonard HL, Leong A, Mercader JM, Morrison AC, Nadkarni GN, Nalls MA, Noordam R, Preuss M, Smith JA, Trompet S, Vissink P, Yao J, Zhao W, Boerwinkle E, Goodarzi MO, Gudnason V, Jukema JW, Kardia SL, Loos RJ, Liu CT, Manning AK, Mook-Kanamori D, Pankow JS, Picavet HSJ, Sattar N, Simonsick EM, Verschuren WM, Willems van Dijk K, Florez JC, Rotter JI, Meigs JB, Dupuis J, Udler MS. Type 2 Diabetes Partitioned Polygenic Scores Associate With Disease Outcomes in 454,193 Individuals Across 13 Cohorts. Diabetes Care 2022; 45:674-683. [PMID: 35085396 PMCID: PMC8918228 DOI: 10.2337/dc21-1395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Type 2 diabetes (T2D) has heterogeneous patient clinical characteristics and outcomes. In previous work, we investigated the genetic basis of this heterogeneity by clustering 94 T2D genetic loci using their associations with 47 diabetes-related traits and identified five clusters, termed β-cell, proinsulin, obesity, lipodystrophy, and liver/lipid. The relationship between these clusters and individual-level metabolic disease outcomes has not been assessed. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Here we constructed individual-level partitioned polygenic scores (pPS) for these five clusters in 12 studies from the Cohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology (CHARGE) consortium and the UK Biobank (n = 454,193) and tested for cross-sectional association with T2D-related outcomes, including blood pressure, renal function, insulin use, age at T2D diagnosis, and coronary artery disease (CAD). RESULTS Despite all clusters containing T2D risk-increasing alleles, they had differential associations with metabolic outcomes. Increased obesity and lipodystrophy cluster pPS, which had opposite directions of association with measures of adiposity, were both significantly associated with increased blood pressure and hypertension. The lipodystrophy and liver/lipid cluster pPS were each associated with CAD, with increasing and decreasing effects, respectively. An increased liver/lipid cluster pPS was also significantly associated with reduced renal function. The liver/lipid cluster includes known loci linked to liver lipid metabolism (e.g., GCKR, PNPLA3, and TM6SF2), and these findings suggest that cardiovascular disease risk and renal function may be impacted by these loci through their shared disease pathway. CONCLUSIONS Our findings support that genetically driven pathways leading to T2D also predispose differentially to clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel DiCorpo
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Jessica LeClair
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Joanne B. Cole
- Programs in Metabolism and Medical & Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
- Division of Endocrinology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Chloé Sarnowski
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Fariba Ahmadizar
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Julius Global Health, University Utrecht Medical Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Lawrence F. Bielak
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Anneke Blokstra
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - Erwin P. Bottinger
- Hasso Plattner Institute Digital Health, Potsdam, Germany
- Mount Sinai Health System, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Layal Chaker
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Yii-Der I. Chen
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA
| | - Ye Chen
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Paul S. de Vries
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX
| | - Tariq Faquih
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Mohsen Ghanbari
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Valborg Gudmundsdottir
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Xiuqing Guo
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA
| | - Natalie R. Hasbani
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX
| | - Dorina Ibi
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, the Netherlands
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - M. Arfan Ikram
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Maryam Kavousi
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Hampton L. Leonard
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
- Data Tecnica International, Glen Echo, MD
- Center for Alzheimer’s and Related Dementias, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Aaron Leong
- Programs in Metabolism and Medical & Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Josep M. Mercader
- Programs in Metabolism and Medical & Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Alanna C. Morrison
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Girish N. Nadkarni
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Mike A. Nalls
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
- Data Tecnica International, Glen Echo, MD
- Center for Alzheimer’s and Related Dementias, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Raymond Noordam
- Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Michael Preuss
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Jennifer A. Smith
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
- Institute for Social Research, Survey Research Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Stella Trompet
- Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Petra Vissink
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - Jie Yao
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Mark O. Goodarzi
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Vilmundur Gudnason
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - J. Wouter Jukema
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Sharon L.R. Kardia
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Ruth J.F. Loos
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Ching-Ti Liu
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Alisa K. Manning
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Dennis Mook-Kanamori
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - James S. Pankow
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - H. Susan J. Picavet
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - Naveed Sattar
- British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Glasgow, U.K
| | - Eleanor M. Simonsick
- Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD
| | - W.M. Monique Verschuren
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, the Netherlands
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Ko Willems van Dijk
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Jose C. Florez
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Endocrine Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Jerome I. Rotter
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA
| | - James B. Meigs
- Programs in Metabolism and Medical & Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Josée Dupuis
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Miriam S. Udler
- Programs in Metabolism and Medical & Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
- Endocrine Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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11
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Nadkarni GN, Fei K, Ramos MA, Hauser D, Bagiella E, Ellis SB, Sanderson S, Scott SA, Sabin T, Madden E, Cooper R, Pollak M, Calman N, Bottinger EP, Horowitz CR. Effects of Testing and Disclosing Ancestry-Specific Genetic Risk for Kidney Failure on Patients and Health Care Professionals: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Netw Open 2022; 5:e221048. [PMID: 35244702 PMCID: PMC8897752 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.1048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Risk variants in the apolipoprotein L1 (APOL1 [OMIM 603743]) gene on chromosome 22 are common in individuals of West African ancestry and confer increased risk of kidney failure for people with African ancestry and hypertension. Whether disclosing APOL1 genetic testing results to patients of African ancestry and their clinicians affects blood pressure, kidney disease screening, or patient behaviors is unknown. OBJECTIVE To determine the effects of testing and disclosing APOL1 genetic results to patients of African ancestry with hypertension and their clinicians. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This pragmatic randomized clinical trial randomly assigned 2050 adults of African ancestry with hypertension and without existing chronic kidney disease in 2 US health care systems from November 1, 2014, through November 28, 2016; the final date of follow-up was January 16, 2018. Patients were randomly assigned to undergo immediate (intervention) or delayed (waiting list control group) APOL1 testing in a 7:1 ratio. Statistical analysis was performed from May 1, 2018, to July 31, 2020. INTERVENTIONS Patients randomly assigned to the intervention group received APOL1 genetic testing results from trained staff; their clinicians received results through clinical decision support in electronic health records. Waiting list control patients received the results after their 12-month follow-up visit. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Coprimary outcomes were the change in 3-month systolic blood pressure and 12-month urine kidney disease screening comparing intervention patients with high-risk APOL1 genotypes and those with low-risk APOL1 genotypes. Secondary outcomes compared these outcomes between intervention group patients with high-risk APOL1 genotypes and controls. Exploratory analyses included psychobehavioral factors. RESULTS Among 2050 randomly assigned patients (1360 women [66%]; mean [SD] age, 53 [10] years), the baseline mean (SD) systolic blood pressure was significantly higher in patients with high-risk APOL1 genotypes vs those with low-risk APOL1 genotypes and controls (137 [21] vs 134 [19] vs 133 [19] mm Hg; P = .003 for high-risk vs low-risk APOL1 genotypes; P = .001 for high-risk APOL1 genotypes vs controls). At 3 months, the mean (SD) change in systolic blood pressure was significantly greater in patients with high-risk APOL1 genotypes vs those with low-risk APOL1 genotypes (6 [18] vs 3 [18] mm Hg; P = .004) and controls (6 [18] vs 3 [19] mm Hg; P = .01). At 12 months, there was a 12% increase in urine kidney disease testing among patients with high-risk APOL1 genotypes (from 39 of 234 [17%] to 68 of 234 [29%]) vs a 6% increase among those with low-risk APOL1 genotypes (from 278 of 1561 [18%] to 377 of 1561 [24%]; P = .10) and a 7% increase among controls (from 33 of 255 [13%] to 50 of 255 [20%]; P = .01). In response to testing, patients with high-risk APOL1 genotypes reported more changes in lifestyle (a subjective measure that included better dietary and exercise habits; 129 of 218 [59%] vs 547 of 1468 [37%]; P < .001) and increased blood pressure medication use (21 of 218 [10%] vs 68 of 1468 [5%]; P = .005) vs those with low-risk APOL1 genotypes; 1631 of 1686 (97%) declared they would get tested again. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE In this randomized clinical trial, disclosing APOL1 genetic testing results to patients of African ancestry with hypertension and their clinicians was associated with a greater reduction in systolic blood pressure, increased kidney disease screening, and positive self-reported behavior changes in those with high-risk genotypes. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02234063.
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Affiliation(s)
- Girish N. Nadkarni
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Kezhen Fei
- Department of Population Health Sciences and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Institute for Health Equity Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Michelle A. Ramos
- Department of Population Health Sciences and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Institute for Health Equity Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | | | - Emilia Bagiella
- Department of Population Health Sciences and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Stephen B. Ellis
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Saskia Sanderson
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Stuart A. Scott
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Sema4, A Mount Sinai Venture, Stamford, Connecticut
| | - Tatiana Sabin
- Department of Population Health Sciences and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Institute for Health Equity Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Ebony Madden
- National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Richard Cooper
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Loyola University Medical School, Maywood, Illinois
| | - Martin Pollak
- Division of Nephrology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Neil Calman
- Institute for Health Equity Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Institute for Family Health, New York, New York
| | - Erwin P. Bottinger
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Digital Health Center, Hasso Plattner Institute, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Carol R. Horowitz
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Department of Population Health Sciences and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Institute for Health Equity Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
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12
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De Freitas JK, Johnson KW, Golden E, Nadkarni GN, Dudley JT, Bottinger EP, Glicksberg BS, Miotto R. Phe2vec: Automated disease phenotyping based on unsupervised embeddings from electronic health records. Patterns (N Y) 2021; 2:100337. [PMID: 34553174 PMCID: PMC8441576 DOI: 10.1016/j.patter.2021.100337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Robust phenotyping of patients from electronic health records (EHRs) at scale is a challenge in clinical informatics. Here, we introduce Phe2vec, an automated framework for disease phenotyping from EHRs based on unsupervised learning and assess its effectiveness against standard rule-based algorithms from Phenotype KnowledgeBase (PheKB). Phe2vec is based on pre-computing embeddings of medical concepts and patients' clinical history. Disease phenotypes are then derived from a seed concept and its neighbors in the embedding space. Patients are linked to a disease if their embedded representation is close to the disease phenotype. Comparing Phe2vec and PheKB cohorts head-to-head using chart review, Phe2vec performed on par or better in nine out of ten diseases. Differently from other approaches, it can scale to any condition and was validated against widely adopted expert-based standards. Phe2vec aims to optimize clinical informatics research by augmenting current frameworks to characterize patients by condition and derive reliable disease cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica K. De Freitas
- Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Pl, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Pl, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Kipp W. Johnson
- Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Pl, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Pl, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Eddye Golden
- Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Pl, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Pl, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Girish N. Nadkarni
- Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Pl, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Pl, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Joel T. Dudley
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Pl, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Erwin P. Bottinger
- Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Pl, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Pl, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Digital Health Center at Hasso Plattner Institute, University of Potsdam, Professor-Dr.-Helmert-Str 2–3, 14482 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Benjamin S. Glicksberg
- Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Pl, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Pl, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Riccardo Miotto
- Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Pl, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Pl, New York, NY 10029, USA
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13
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Dellepiane S, Vaid A, Jaladanki SK, Coca S, Fayad ZA, Charney AW, Bottinger EP, He JC, Glicksberg BS, Chan L, Nadkarni G. Acute Kidney Injury in Patients Hospitalized With COVID-19 in New York City: Temporal Trends From March 2020 to April 2021. Kidney Med 2021; 3:877-879. [PMID: 34368666 PMCID: PMC8325375 DOI: 10.1016/j.xkme.2021.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Dellepiane
- Mount Sinai Clinical Intelligence Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- The Hasso Plattner Institute of Digital Health at Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Akhil Vaid
- Mount Sinai Clinical Intelligence Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- The Hasso Plattner Institute of Digital Health at Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Suraj K. Jaladanki
- Mount Sinai Clinical Intelligence Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- The Hasso Plattner Institute of Digital Health at Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Steven Coca
- Division of Nephrology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Zahi A. Fayad
- Mount Sinai Clinical Intelligence Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- BioMedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Alexander W. Charney
- Mount Sinai Clinical Intelligence Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Pamela Sklar Division of Psychiatric Genomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Department of Psychiatry (AWC), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Erwin P. Bottinger
- Mount Sinai Clinical Intelligence Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- The Hasso Plattner Institute of Digital Health at Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Digital Health Center, Hasso Plattner Institute, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - John Cijiang He
- Division of Nephrology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Benjamin S. Glicksberg
- Mount Sinai Clinical Intelligence Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- The Hasso Plattner Institute of Digital Health at Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Lili Chan
- Mount Sinai Clinical Intelligence Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- The Hasso Plattner Institute of Digital Health at Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Division of Nephrology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Girish Nadkarni
- Mount Sinai Clinical Intelligence Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- The Hasso Plattner Institute of Digital Health at Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Division of Nephrology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
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14
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Hirten RP, Danieletto M, Tomalin L, Choi KH, Zweig M, Golden E, Kaur S, Helmus D, Biello A, Pyzik R, Calcogna C, Freeman R, Sands BE, Charney D, Bottinger EP, Murrough JW, Keefer L, Suarez-Farinas M, Nadkarni GN, Fayad ZA. Factors Associated with Longitudinal Psychological and Physiological Stress in Health Care Workers During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Observational Study Using Apple Watch Data. J Med Internet Res 2021; 23:e31295. [PMID: 34379602 PMCID: PMC8439178 DOI: 10.2196/31295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in a high degree of psychological distress among health care workers (HCWs). There is a need to characterize which HCWs are at an increased risk of developing psychological effects from the pandemic. Given the differences in the response of individuals to stress, an analysis of both the perceived and physiological consequences of stressors can provide a comprehensive evaluation of its impact. Objective This study aimed to determine characteristics associated with longitudinal perceived stress in HCWs and to assess whether changes in heart rate variability (HRV), a marker of autonomic nervous system function, are associated with features protective against longitudinal stress. Methods HCWs across 7 hospitals in New York City, NY, were prospectively followed in an ongoing observational digital study using the custom Warrior Watch Study app. Participants wore an Apple Watch for the duration of the study to measure HRV throughout the follow-up period. Surveys measuring perceived stress, resilience, emotional support, quality of life, and optimism were collected at baseline and longitudinally. Results A total of 361 participants (mean age 36.8, SD 10.1 years; female: n=246, 69.3%) were enrolled. Multivariate analysis found New York City’s COVID-19 case count to be associated with increased longitudinal stress (P=.008). Baseline emotional support, quality of life, and resilience were associated with decreased longitudinal stress (P<.001). A significant reduction in stress during the 4-week period after COVID-19 diagnosis was observed in the highest tertial of emotional support (P=.03) and resilience (P=.006). Participants in the highest tertial of baseline emotional support and resilience had a significantly different circadian pattern of longitudinally collected HRV compared to subjects in the low or medium tertial. Conclusions High resilience, emotional support, and quality of life place HCWs at reduced risk of longitudinal perceived stress and have a distinct physiological stress profile. Our findings support the use of these characteristics to identify HCWs at risk of the psychological and physiological stress effects of the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert P Hirten
- Icahn School of Medicine, 1 Gustave L Levy Place, New York, US
| | | | - Lewis Tomalin
- Icahn School of Medicine, 1 Gustave L Levy Place, New York, US
| | | | - Micol Zweig
- Icahn School of Medicine, 1 Gustave L Levy Place, New York, US
| | - Eddye Golden
- Icahn School of Medicine, 1 Gustave L Levy Place, New York, US
| | - Sparshdeep Kaur
- Icahn School of Medicine, 1 Gustave L Levy Place, New York, US
| | - Drew Helmus
- Icahn School of Medicine, 1 Gustave L Levy Place, New York, US
| | - Anthony Biello
- Icahn School of Medicine, 1 Gustave L Levy Place, New York, US
| | - Renata Pyzik
- Icahn School of Medicine, 1 Gustave L Levy Place, New York, US
| | | | - Robert Freeman
- Icahn School of Medicine, 1 Gustave L Levy Place, New York, US
| | - Bruce E Sands
- Icahn School of Medicine, 1 Gustave L Levy Place, New York, US
| | - Dennis Charney
- Icahn School of Medicine, 1 Gustave L Levy Place, New York, US
| | | | | | - Laurie Keefer
- Icahn School of Medicine, 1 Gustave L Levy Place, New York, US
| | | | | | - Zahi A Fayad
- Icahn School of Medicine, 1 Gustave L Levy Place, New York, US
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15
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Gu X, Yang H, Sheng X, Ko YA, Qiu C, Park J, Huang S, Kember R, Judy RL, Park J, Damrauer SM, Nadkarni G, Loos RJF, My VTH, Chaudhary K, Bottinger EP, Paranjpe I, Saha A, Brown C, Akilesh S, Hung AM, Palmer M, Baras A, Overton JD, Reid J, Ritchie M, Rader DJ, Susztak K. Kidney disease genetic risk variants alter lysosomal beta-mannosidase ( MANBA) expression and disease severity. Sci Transl Med 2021; 13:13/576/eaaz1458. [PMID: 33441424 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aaz1458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
More than 800 million people in the world suffer from chronic kidney disease (CKD). Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified hundreds of loci where genetic variants are associated with kidney function; however, causal genes and pathways for CKD remain unknown. Here, we performed integration of kidney function GWAS and human kidney-specific expression quantitative trait analysis and identified that the expression of beta-mannosidase (MANBA) was lower in kidneys of subjects with CKD risk genotype. We also show an increased incidence of renal failure in subjects with rare heterozygous loss-of-function coding variants in MANBA using phenome-wide association analysis of 40,963 subjects with exome sequencing data. MANBA is a lysosomal gene highly expressed in kidney tubule cells. Deep phenotyping revealed structural and functional lysosomal alterations in human kidneys from subjects with CKD risk alleles and mice with genetic deletion of Manba Manba heterozygous and knockout mice developed more severe kidney fibrosis when subjected to toxic injury induced by cisplatin or folic acid. Manba loss altered multiple pathways, including endocytosis and autophagy. In the absence of Manba, toxic acute tubule injury induced inflammasome activation and fibrosis. Together, these results illustrate the convergence of common noncoding and rare coding variants in MANBA in kidney disease development and demonstrate the role of the endolysosomal system in kidney disease development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangchen Gu
- Department of Medicine Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.,Division of Nephrology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrative Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China
| | - Hongliu Yang
- Department of Medicine Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.,Division of Nephrology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xin Sheng
- Department of Medicine Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Yi-An Ko
- Department of Medicine Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Chengxiang Qiu
- Department of Medicine Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jihwan Park
- Department of Medicine Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Shizheng Huang
- Department of Medicine Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Rachel Kember
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Renae L Judy
- Department of Surgery, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Joseph Park
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.,Department of Genetics Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Scott M Damrauer
- Department of Surgery, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.,Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Girish Nadkarni
- Division of Nephrology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.,The Charles Bronfman Institute of Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.,The Hasso Plattner Institute of Digital Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Ruth J F Loos
- The Charles Bronfman Institute of Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Vy Thi Ha My
- The Charles Bronfman Institute of Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Kumardeep Chaudhary
- The Charles Bronfman Institute of Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Erwin P Bottinger
- The Charles Bronfman Institute of Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.,The Hasso Plattner Institute of Digital Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Ishan Paranjpe
- The Charles Bronfman Institute of Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Aparna Saha
- The Charles Bronfman Institute of Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Christopher Brown
- Department of Genetics Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Shreeram Akilesh
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Adriana M Hung
- Nashville VA Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37212, USA.,Vanderbilt Center for Kidney Disease, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37212, USA
| | - Matthew Palmer
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Aris Baras
- Regeneron Genetics Center (RGC), 777 Old Saw Mill River Rd., Tarrytown, NY 10591, USA
| | - John D Overton
- Regeneron Genetics Center (RGC), 777 Old Saw Mill River Rd., Tarrytown, NY 10591, USA
| | - Jeffrey Reid
- Regeneron Genetics Center (RGC), 777 Old Saw Mill River Rd., Tarrytown, NY 10591, USA
| | - Marylyn Ritchie
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.,Department of Genetics Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Daniel J Rader
- Department of Medicine Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.,Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.,Department of Genetics Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Katalin Susztak
- Department of Medicine Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. .,Department of Genetics Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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Chen J, Spracklen CN, Marenne G, Varshney A, Corbin LJ, Luan J, Willems SM, Wu Y, Zhang X, Horikoshi M, Boutin TS, Mägi R, Waage J, Li-Gao R, Chan KHK, Yao J, Anasanti MD, Chu AY, Claringbould A, Heikkinen J, Hong J, Hottenga JJ, Huo S, Kaakinen MA, Louie T, März W, Moreno-Macias H, Ndungu A, Nelson SC, Nolte IM, North KE, Raulerson CK, Ray D, Rohde R, Rybin D, Schurmann C, Sim X, Southam L, Stewart ID, Wang CA, Wang Y, Wu P, Zhang W, Ahluwalia TS, Appel EVR, Bielak LF, Brody JA, Burtt NP, Cabrera CP, Cade BE, Chai JF, Chai X, Chang LC, Chen CH, Chen BH, Chitrala KN, Chiu YF, de Haan HG, Delgado GE, Demirkan A, Duan Q, Engmann J, Fatumo SA, Gayán J, Giulianini F, Gong JH, Gustafsson S, Hai Y, Hartwig FP, He J, Heianza Y, Huang T, Huerta-Chagoya A, Hwang MY, Jensen RA, Kawaguchi T, Kentistou KA, Kim YJ, Kleber ME, Kooner IK, Lai S, Lange LA, Langefeld CD, Lauzon M, Li M, Ligthart S, Liu J, Loh M, Long J, Lyssenko V, Mangino M, Marzi C, Montasser ME, Nag A, Nakatochi M, Noce D, Noordam R, Pistis G, Preuss M, Raffield L, Rasmussen-Torvik LJ, Rich SS, Robertson NR, Rueedi R, Ryan K, Sanna S, Saxena R, Schraut KE, Sennblad B, Setoh K, Smith AV, Sparsø T, Strawbridge RJ, Takeuchi F, Tan J, Trompet S, van den Akker E, van der Most PJ, Verweij N, Vogel M, Wang H, Wang C, Wang N, Warren HR, Wen W, Wilsgaard T, Wong A, Wood AR, Xie T, Zafarmand MH, Zhao JH, Zhao W, Amin N, Arzumanyan Z, Astrup A, Bakker SJL, Baldassarre D, Beekman M, Bergman RN, Bertoni A, Blüher M, Bonnycastle LL, Bornstein SR, Bowden DW, Cai Q, Campbell A, Campbell H, Chang YC, de Geus EJC, Dehghan A, Du S, Eiriksdottir G, Farmaki AE, Frånberg M, Fuchsberger C, Gao Y, Gjesing AP, Goel A, Han S, Hartman CA, Herder C, Hicks AA, Hsieh CH, Hsueh WA, Ichihara S, Igase M, Ikram MA, Johnson WC, Jørgensen ME, Joshi PK, Kalyani RR, Kandeel FR, Katsuya T, Khor CC, Kiess W, Kolcic I, Kuulasmaa T, Kuusisto J, Läll K, Lam K, Lawlor DA, Lee NR, Lemaitre RN, Li H, Lin SY, Lindström J, Linneberg A, Liu J, Lorenzo C, Matsubara T, Matsuda F, Mingrone G, Mooijaart S, Moon S, Nabika T, Nadkarni GN, Nadler JL, Nelis M, Neville MJ, Norris JM, Ohyagi Y, Peters A, Peyser PA, Polasek O, Qi Q, Raven D, Reilly DF, Reiner A, Rivideneira F, Roll K, Rudan I, Sabanayagam C, Sandow K, Sattar N, Schürmann A, Shi J, Stringham HM, Taylor KD, Teslovich TM, Thuesen B, Timmers PRHJ, Tremoli E, Tsai MY, Uitterlinden A, van Dam RM, van Heemst D, van Hylckama Vlieg A, van Vliet-Ostaptchouk JV, Vangipurapu J, Vestergaard H, Wang T, Willems van Dijk K, Zemunik T, Abecasis GR, Adair LS, Aguilar-Salinas CA, Alarcón-Riquelme ME, An P, Aviles-Santa L, Becker DM, Beilin LJ, Bergmann S, Bisgaard H, Black C, Boehnke M, Boerwinkle E, Böhm BO, Bønnelykke K, Boomsma DI, Bottinger EP, Buchanan TA, Canouil M, Caulfield MJ, Chambers JC, Chasman DI, Chen YDI, Cheng CY, Collins FS, Correa A, Cucca F, de Silva HJ, Dedoussis G, Elmståhl S, Evans MK, Ferrannini E, Ferrucci L, Florez JC, Franks PW, Frayling TM, Froguel P, Gigante B, Goodarzi MO, Gordon-Larsen P, Grallert H, Grarup N, Grimsgaard S, Groop L, Gudnason V, Guo X, Hamsten A, Hansen T, Hayward C, Heckbert SR, Horta BL, Huang W, Ingelsson E, James PS, Jarvelin MR, Jonas JB, Jukema JW, Kaleebu P, Kaplan R, Kardia SLR, Kato N, Keinanen-Kiukaanniemi SM, Kim BJ, Kivimaki M, Koistinen HA, Kooner JS, Körner A, Kovacs P, Kuh D, Kumari M, Kutalik Z, Laakso M, Lakka TA, Launer LJ, Leander K, Li H, Lin X, Lind L, Lindgren C, Liu S, Loos RJF, Magnusson PKE, Mahajan A, Metspalu A, Mook-Kanamori DO, Mori TA, Munroe PB, Njølstad I, O'Connell JR, Oldehinkel AJ, Ong KK, Padmanabhan S, Palmer CNA, Palmer ND, Pedersen O, Pennell CE, Porteous DJ, Pramstaller PP, Province MA, Psaty BM, Qi L, Raffel LJ, Rauramaa R, Redline S, Ridker PM, Rosendaal FR, Saaristo TE, Sandhu M, Saramies J, Schneiderman N, Schwarz P, Scott LJ, Selvin E, Sever P, Shu XO, Slagboom PE, Small KS, Smith BH, Snieder H, Sofer T, Sørensen TIA, Spector TD, Stanton A, Steves CJ, Stumvoll M, Sun L, Tabara Y, Tai ES, Timpson NJ, Tönjes A, Tuomilehto J, Tusie T, Uusitupa M, van der Harst P, van Duijn C, Vitart V, Vollenweider P, Vrijkotte TGM, Wagenknecht LE, Walker M, Wang YX, Wareham NJ, Watanabe RM, Watkins H, Wei WB, Wickremasinghe AR, Willemsen G, Wilson JF, Wong TY, Wu JY, Xiang AH, Yanek LR, Yengo L, Yokota M, Zeggini E, Zheng W, Zonderman AB, Rotter JI, Gloyn AL, McCarthy MI, Dupuis J, Meigs JB, Scott RA, Prokopenko I, Leong A, Liu CT, Parker SCJ, Mohlke KL, Langenberg C, Wheeler E, Morris AP, Barroso I. The trans-ancestral genomic architecture of glycemic traits. Nat Genet 2021; 53:840-860. [PMID: 34059833 PMCID: PMC7610958 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-021-00852-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 269] [Impact Index Per Article: 89.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Glycemic traits are used to diagnose and monitor type 2 diabetes and cardiometabolic health. To date, most genetic studies of glycemic traits have focused on individuals of European ancestry. Here we aggregated genome-wide association studies comprising up to 281,416 individuals without diabetes (30% non-European ancestry) for whom fasting glucose, 2-h glucose after an oral glucose challenge, glycated hemoglobin and fasting insulin data were available. Trans-ancestry and single-ancestry meta-analyses identified 242 loci (99 novel; P < 5 × 10-8), 80% of which had no significant evidence of between-ancestry heterogeneity. Analyses restricted to individuals of European ancestry with equivalent sample size would have led to 24 fewer new loci. Compared with single-ancestry analyses, equivalent-sized trans-ancestry fine-mapping reduced the number of estimated variants in 99% credible sets by a median of 37.5%. Genomic-feature, gene-expression and gene-set analyses revealed distinct biological signatures for each trait, highlighting different underlying biological pathways. Our results increase our understanding of diabetes pathophysiology by using trans-ancestry studies for improved power and resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Chen
- Exeter Centre of Excellence for Diabetes Research (EXCEED), Genetics of Complex Traits, University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
- Department of Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cambridge, UK
| | - Cassandra N Spracklen
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Gaëlle Marenne
- Department of Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cambridge, UK
- Inserm, Univ Brest, EFS, UMR 1078, GGB, Brest, France
| | - Arushi Varshney
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Laura J Corbin
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Jian'an Luan
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sara M Willems
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ying Wu
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Xiaoshuai Zhang
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Momoko Horikoshi
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Laboratory for Genomics of Diabetes and Metabolism, RIKEN Centre for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Thibaud S Boutin
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute for Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Reedik Mägi
- Estonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Johannes Waage
- COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ruifang Li-Gao
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Kei Hang Katie Chan
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Electrical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jie Yao
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Mila D Anasanti
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Audrey Y Chu
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Annique Claringbould
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Jani Heikkinen
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Jaeyoung Hong
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jouke-Jan Hottenga
- Department of Biological Psychology, Faculty of Behaviour and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Shaofeng Huo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Marika A Kaakinen
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Section of Statistical Multi-omics, Department of Clinical and Experimental Research, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | - Tin Louie
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Winfried März
- SYNLAB Academy, SYNLAB Holding Deutschland GmbH, Mannheim, Germany
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
- Vth Department of Medicine (Nephrology, Hypertensiology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology, Diabetology), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | | | - Anne Ndungu
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Sarah C Nelson
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ilja M Nolte
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Kari E North
- CVD Genetic Epidemiology Computational Laboratory, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | | | - Debashree Ray
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Rebecca Rohde
- CVD Genetic Epidemiology Computational Laboratory, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Denis Rybin
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Claudia Schurmann
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- HPI Digital Health Center, Digital Health and Personalized Medicine, Hasso Plattner Institute, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Xueling Sim
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National Univeristy of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Lorraine Southam
- Department of Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cambridge, UK
- Institute of Translational Genomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Isobel D Stewart
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Carol A Wang
- School of Medicine and Public Health, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Yujie Wang
- CVD Genetic Epidemiology Computational Laboratory, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Peitao Wu
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Weihua Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital, London North West Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Tarunveer S Ahluwalia
- COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark
- The Bioinformatics Centre, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Emil V R Appel
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lawrence F Bielak
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jennifer A Brody
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Noël P Burtt
- Metabolism Program, Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Claudia P Cabrera
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- NIHR Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Centre, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Brian E Cade
- Department of Medicine, Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jin Fang Chai
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National Univeristy of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xiaoran Chai
- Ocular Epidemiology, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Li-Ching Chang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Hsiun Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Brian H Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, The Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Kumaraswamy Naidu Chitrala
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yen-Feng Chiu
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Hugoline G de Haan
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Graciela E Delgado
- Vth Department of Medicine (Nephrology, Hypertensiology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology, Diabetology), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | - Ayse Demirkan
- Section of Statistical Multi-omics, Department of Clinical and Experimental Research, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Qing Duan
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Statistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jorgen Engmann
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, UK
| | - Segun A Fatumo
- Uganda Medical Informatics Centre (UMIC), MRC/UVRI and London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine (Uganda Research Unit), Entebbe, Uganda
- London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
- H3Africa Bioinformatics Network (H3ABioNet) Node, Centre for Genomics Research and Innovation, NABDA/FMST, Abuja, Nigeria
| | | | - Franco Giulianini
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jung Ho Gong
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Stefan Gustafsson
- Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Yang Hai
- Department of Statistics, The University of Auckland, Science Center, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Fernando P Hartwig
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Jing He
- Department of Medicine, Epidemiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Yoriko Heianza
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University Obesity Research Center, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Tao Huang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Alicia Huerta-Chagoya
- Molecular Biology and Genomic Medicine Unit, National Council for Science and Technology, Mexico City, Mexico
- Molecular Biology and Genomic Medicine Unit, National Institute of Medical Sciences and Nutrition, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Mi Yeong Hwang
- Division of Genome Science, Department of Precision Medicine, National Institute of Health, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Richard A Jensen
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Takahisa Kawaguchi
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Katherine A Kentistou
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Young Jin Kim
- Division of Genome Science, Department of Precision Medicine, National Institute of Health, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Marcus E Kleber
- Vth Department of Medicine (Nephrology, Hypertensiology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology, Diabetology), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | - Ishminder K Kooner
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital, London North West Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Shuiqing Lai
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Leslie A Lange
- Department of Medicine, Divison of Biomedical Informatics and Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Carl D Langefeld
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Marie Lauzon
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Man Li
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Symen Ligthart
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Marie Loh
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jirong Long
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Valeriya Lyssenko
- Department of Clinical Science, Center for Diabetes Research, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Lund University, Malmo, Sweden
| | - Massimo Mangino
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, School of Life Course Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Carola Marzi
- Institute of Epidemiology, Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - May E Montasser
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Abhishek Nag
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Masahiro Nakatochi
- Public Health Informatics Unit, Department of Integrated Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Damia Noce
- Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Raymond Noordam
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Giorgio Pistis
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica (IRGB), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Monserrato, Italy
| | - Michael Preuss
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- The Mindich Child Health and Development Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Laura Raffield
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Laura J Rasmussen-Torvik
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Stephen S Rich
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Neil R Robertson
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Rico Rueedi
- Department of Computational Biology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Kathleen Ryan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Serena Sanna
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica (IRGB), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Monserrato, Italy
| | - Richa Saxena
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Katharina E Schraut
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Bengt Sennblad
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, National Bioinformatics Infrastructure Sweden, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Kazuya Setoh
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Albert V Smith
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
| | - Thomas Sparsø
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rona J Strawbridge
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- Department of Medicine Solna, Cardiovascular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Jingyi Tan
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Stella Trompet
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Erik van den Akker
- Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Department of Pattern Recognition and Bioinformatics, Delft University of Technology, Delft, the Netherlands
- Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden Computational Biology Center, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Peter J van der Most
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Niek Verweij
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
- Genomics PLC, Oxford, UK
| | - Mandy Vogel
- Center of Pediatric Research, University Children's Hospital Leipzig, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Heming Wang
- Department of Medicine, Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Chaolong Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Nan Wang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- University of Southern California Diabetes and Obesity Research Institute, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Helen R Warren
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- NIHR Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Centre, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Wanqing Wen
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Tom Wilsgaard
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UIT the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Andrew Wong
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at University College London, London, UK
| | - Andrew R Wood
- Exeter Centre of Excellence for Diabetes Research (EXCEED), Genetics of Complex Traits, University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Tian Xie
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Mohammad Hadi Zafarmand
- Department of Public Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Bioinformatics, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jing-Hua Zhao
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Najaf Amin
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Zorayr Arzumanyan
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Arne Astrup
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Stephan J L Bakker
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Damiano Baldassarre
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Marian Beekman
- Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Richard N Bergman
- Diabetes and Obesity Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Alain Bertoni
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Matthias Blüher
- Medical Department III-Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Lori L Bonnycastle
- Medical Genomics and Metabolic Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institues of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Stefan R Bornstein
- Department for Prevention and Care of Diabetes, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Donald W Bowden
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Qiuyin Cai
- Department of Medicine, Epidemiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Archie Campbell
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
- Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Harry Campbell
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Yi Cheng Chang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Genomics and Proteomics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Eco J C de Geus
- Department of Biological Psychology, Faculty of Behaviour and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Abbas Dehghan
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Shufa Du
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | | | - Aliki Eleni Farmaki
- Department of Population Science and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, UK
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Mattias Frånberg
- Department of Medicine Solna, Cardiovascular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Yutang Gao
- Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - Anette P Gjesing
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anuj Goel
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Sohee Han
- Division of Genome Science, Department of Precision Medicine, National Institute of Health, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Catharina A Hartman
- Department of Psychiatry, Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathy and Emotion Regulation, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Christian Herder
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Andrew A Hicks
- Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Chang-Hsun Hsieh
- Internal Medicine, Endocrine and Metabolism, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Willa A Hsueh
- Internal Medicine, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Diabetes and Metabolism Research Center, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Sahoko Ichihara
- Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Shimotsuke, Japan
| | - Michiya Igase
- Department of Anti-aging Medicine, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Japan
| | - M Arfan Ikram
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - W Craig Johnson
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Marit E Jørgensen
- Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark
- National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Peter K Joshi
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Rita R Kalyani
- Department of Medicine, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Fouad R Kandeel
- Clinical Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Translational Research and Cellular Therapeutics, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Tomohiro Katsuya
- Department of Clinical Gene Therapy, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
- Department of Geriatric and General Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Chiea Chuen Khor
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wieland Kiess
- Center of Pediatric Research, University Children's Hospital Leipzig, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ivana Kolcic
- Department of Public Health, University of Split School of Medicine, Split, Croatia
| | - Teemu Kuulasmaa
- Institute of Biomedicine, Bioinformatics Center, Univeristy of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Johanna Kuusisto
- Department of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Kristi Läll
- Estonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Kelvin Lam
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Deborah A Lawlor
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Nanette R Lee
- USC-Office of Population Studies Foundation, University of San Carlos, Cebu City, the Philippines
- Department of Anthropology, Sociology and History, University of San Carlos, Cebu City, the Philippines
| | - Rozenn N Lemaitre
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Honglan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogene and Related Genes and Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shih-Yi Lin
- Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- National Defense Medical Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jaana Lindström
- Diabetes Prevention Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Allan Linneberg
- Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Carlos Lorenzo
- Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Sciences Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Tatsuaki Matsubara
- Department of Internal Medicine, Aichi Gakuin University School of Dentistry, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Fumihiko Matsuda
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Geltrude Mingrone
- Department of Diabetes, Diabetes, and Nutritional Sciences, James Black Centre, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Simon Mooijaart
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Sanghoon Moon
- Division of Genome Science, Department of Precision Medicine, National Institute of Health, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Toru Nabika
- Department of Functional Pathology, Shimane University School of Medicine, Izumo, Japan
| | - Girish N Nadkarni
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jerry L Nadler
- Department of Medicine and Pharmacology, New York Medical College School of Medicine, Valhalla, NY, USA
| | - Mari Nelis
- Estonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Matt J Neville
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Jill M Norris
- Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Yasumasa Ohyagi
- Department of Geriatric Medicine and Neurology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Japan
| | - Annette Peters
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry and Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Patricia A Peyser
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Ozren Polasek
- Department of Public Health, University of Split School of Medicine, Split, Croatia
- Gen-Info, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Qibin Qi
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Dennis Raven
- Department of Psychiatry, Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathy and Emotion Regulation, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Dermot F Reilly
- Genetics and Pharmacogenomics, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Kenilworth, NJ, USA
| | - Alex Reiner
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Fernando Rivideneira
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Kathryn Roll
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Igor Rudan
- Centre for Global Health, The Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Charumathi Sabanayagam
- Ocular Epidemiology, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kevin Sandow
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Naveed Sattar
- BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Annette Schürmann
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Experimental Diabetology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Jinxiu Shi
- Department of Genetics, Shanghai-MOST Key Laboratory of Health and Disease Genomics, Chinese National Human Genome Center at Shanghai (CHGC) and Shanghai Academy of Science & Technology (SAST), Shanghai, China
| | - Heather M Stringham
- Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Kent D Taylor
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | | | - Betina Thuesen
- Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Paul R H J Timmers
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute for Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | - Michael Y Tsai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Andre Uitterlinden
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Rob M van Dam
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National Univeristy of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Diana van Heemst
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | | | - Jana V van Vliet-Ostaptchouk
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Jagadish Vangipurapu
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Henrik Vestergaard
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Medicine, Bornholms Hospital, Rønne, Denmark
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ko Willems van Dijk
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Tatijana Zemunik
- Department of Human Biology, University of Split School of Medicine, Split, Croatia
| | - Gonçalo R Abecasis
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Linda S Adair
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Carlos Alberto Aguilar-Salinas
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Medicas y Nutricion, Mexico City, Mexico
- Unidad de Investigación de Enfermedades Metabólicas, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición and Tec Salud, Mexico City, Mexico
- Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey Tec Salud, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Marta E Alarcón-Riquelme
- Department of Medical Genomics, Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Government Center for Genomics and Oncological Research (GENYO), Granada, Spain
- Institute for Environmental Medicine, Chronic Inflammatory Diseases, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Ping An
- Department of Genetics, Division of Statistical Genomics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Larissa Aviles-Santa
- Clinical and Health Services Research, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Diane M Becker
- Department of Medicine, General Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Lawrence J Beilin
- Medical School, Royal Perth Hospital Unit, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Sven Bergmann
- Department of Computational Biology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Hans Bisgaard
- COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Corri Black
- Aberdeen Centre for Health Data Science, School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Michael Boehnke
- Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Human Genetics Center, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Bernhard O Böhm
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Graduate School of Molecular Endocrinology and Diabetes, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
- LKC School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore and Imperial College London, UK, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Klaus Bønnelykke
- COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - D I Boomsma
- Department of Biological Psychology, Faculty of Behaviour and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Erwin P Bottinger
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Digital Health Center, Hasso Plattner Institut, University Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Thomas A Buchanan
- University of Southern California Diabetes and Obesity Research Institute, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Mickaël Canouil
- INSERM UMR 1283/CNRS UMR 8199, European Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Université de Lille, Lille, France
- INSERM UMR 1283/CNRS UMR 8199, European Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Mark J Caulfield
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- NIHR Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Centre, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - John C Chambers
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital, London North West Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Imperial College London, London, UK
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Daniel I Chasman
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yii-Der Ida Chen
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Ching-Yu Cheng
- Ocular Epidemiology, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Francis S Collins
- Medical Genomics and Metabolic Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institues of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Adolfo Correa
- Department of Medicine, Jackson Heart Study, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Francesco Cucca
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica (IRGB), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Monserrato, Italy
| | - H Janaka de Silva
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kelaniya, Ragama, Sri Lanka
| | - George Dedoussis
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University of Athens, Kallithea, Greece
| | - Sölve Elmståhl
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Michele K Evans
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Luigi Ferrucci
- Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jose C Florez
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Diabetes Unit and Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Paul W Franks
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Lund University, Malmo, Sweden
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Timothy M Frayling
- Exeter Centre of Excellence for Diabetes Research (EXCEED), Genetics of Complex Traits, University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Philippe Froguel
- INSERM UMR 1283/CNRS UMR 8199, European Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Université de Lille, Lille, France
- INSERM UMR 1283/CNRS UMR 8199, European Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
- Department of Genomics of Common Disease, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Bruna Gigante
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mark O Goodarzi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Penny Gordon-Larsen
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Harald Grallert
- Institute of Epidemiology, Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Niels Grarup
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sameline Grimsgaard
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UIT the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Leif Groop
- Diabetes Centre, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Finnish Institute of Molecular Medicine, Helsinki University, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Vilmundur Gudnason
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Xiuqing Guo
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Anders Hamsten
- Department of Medicine Solna, Cardiovascular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Torben Hansen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Caroline Hayward
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute for Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Susan R Heckbert
- Department of Epidemiology, Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Bernardo L Horta
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Genetics, Shanghai-MOST Key Laboratory of Health and Disease Genomics, Chinese National Human Genome Center at Shanghai (CHGC) and Shanghai Academy of Science & Technology (SAST), Shanghai, China
| | - Erik Ingelsson
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Pankow S James
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Marjo-Ritta Jarvelin
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Center for Life Course Health Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Unit of Primary Health Care, Oulu Univerisity Hospital, OYS, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Health and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, London, UK
| | - Jost B Jonas
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Science Key Lab, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Ophthalmology Basel IOB, Basel, Switzerland
| | - J Wouter Jukema
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | | | - Robert Kaplan
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Sharon L R Kardia
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Norihiro Kato
- National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sirkka M Keinanen-Kiukaanniemi
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Unit of General Practice, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Bong-Jo Kim
- Division of Genome Science, Department of Precision Medicine, National Institute of Health, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Mika Kivimaki
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Heikki A Koistinen
- Department of Public Health Solutions, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Medicine, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jaspal S Kooner
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital, London North West Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Imperial College London, London, UK
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Antje Körner
- Center of Pediatric Research, University Children's Hospital Leipzig, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Peter Kovacs
- Medical Department III-Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
- IFB Adiposity Diseases, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Diana Kuh
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at University College London, London, UK
| | - Meena Kumari
- Institute for Social and Economic Research, University of Essex, Colchester, UK
| | - Zoltan Kutalik
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
- University Institute of Primary Care and Public Health, Division of Biostatistics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Markku Laakso
- Department of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Timo A Lakka
- Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
- Foundation for Research in Health Exercise and Nutrition, Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Lenore J Launer
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Karin Leander
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Huaixing Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu Lin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Lars Lind
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Uppsala, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Cecilia Lindgren
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Big Data Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Nuffield Department of Women's and Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Simin Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Ruth J F Loos
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- The Mindich Child Health and Development Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Patrik K E Magnusson
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics and the Swedish Twin Registry, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anubha Mahajan
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Genentech, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Andres Metspalu
- Estonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Dennis O Mook-Kanamori
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Trevor A Mori
- Medical School, Royal Perth Hospital Unit, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Patricia B Munroe
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- NIHR Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Centre, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Inger Njølstad
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UIT the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Jeffrey R O'Connell
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Albertine J Oldehinkel
- Department of Psychiatry, Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathy and Emotion Regulation, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Ken K Ong
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sandosh Padmanabhan
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Colin N A Palmer
- Division of Population Health and Genomics, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, UK
| | - Nicholette D Palmer
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Oluf Pedersen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Craig E Pennell
- School of Medicine and Public Health, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - David J Porteous
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | - Michael A Province
- Department of Genetics, Division of Statistical Genomics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Bruce M Psaty
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Health Services, Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Lu Qi
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Leslie J Raffel
- Department of Pediatrics, Genetic and Genomic Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Rainer Rauramaa
- Foundation for Research in Health Exercise and Nutrition, Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Susan Redline
- Department of Medicine, Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Paul M Ridker
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Havard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Frits R Rosendaal
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Timo E Saaristo
- Tampere, Finnish Diabetes Association, Tampere, Finland
- Pirkanmaa Hospital District, Tampere, Finland
| | | | | | | | - Peter Schwarz
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Department for Prevention and Care of Diabetes, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden of the Helmholtz Center Munich, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, Dresden, Germany
| | - Laura J Scott
- Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Elizabeth Selvin
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Peter Sever
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Xiao-Ou Shu
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - P Eline Slagboom
- Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Kerrin S Small
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, School of Life Course Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Blair H Smith
- Division of Population Health and Genomics, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Harold Snieder
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Tamar Sofer
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Thorkild I A Sørensen
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Public Health, Section of Epidemiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tim D Spector
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, School of Life Course Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Alice Stanton
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Therapeutics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Claire J Steves
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, School of Life Course Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
- Department of Ageing and Health, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Michael Stumvoll
- Medical Department III-Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Liang Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yasuharu Tabara
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - E Shyong Tai
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National Univeristy of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Signature Research Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Nicholas J Timpson
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Anke Tönjes
- Medical Department III-Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jaakko Tuomilehto
- Department of Public Health Solutions, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Saudi Diabetes Research Group, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Teresa Tusie
- Molecular Biology and Genomic Medicine Unit, National Institute of Medical Sciences and Nutrition, Mexico City, Mexico
- Department of Genomic Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomedicas, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Matti Uusitupa
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Pim van der Harst
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Cornelia van Duijn
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Veronique Vitart
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute for Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Peter Vollenweider
- Department of Medicine, Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Tanja G M Vrijkotte
- Department of Public Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Lynne E Wagenknecht
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Mark Walker
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Ya X Wang
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Science Key Lab, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Nick J Wareham
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Richard M Watanabe
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- University of Southern California Diabetes and Obesity Research Institute, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Hugh Watkins
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Wen B Wei
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Intraocular Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment, Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Lab, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | | | - Gonneke Willemsen
- Department of Biological Psychology, Faculty of Behaviour and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - James F Wilson
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute for Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Tien-Yin Wong
- Ocular Epidemiology, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jer-Yuarn Wu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Anny H Xiang
- Department of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente of Southern California, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Lisa R Yanek
- Department of Medicine, General Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Loïc Yengo
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | | | - Eleftheria Zeggini
- Department of Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cambridge, UK
- Institute of Translational Genomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich and Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany
| | - Wei Zheng
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Alan B Zonderman
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Anna L Gloyn
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Endocrinology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Mark I McCarthy
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Genentech, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Josée Dupuis
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - James B Meigs
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Robert A Scott
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Inga Prokopenko
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Section of Statistical Multi-omics, Department of Clinical and Experimental Research, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | - Aaron Leong
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, General Internal Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Diabetes Unit and Endocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ching-Ti Liu
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Stephen C J Parker
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Karen L Mohlke
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Claudia Langenberg
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Eleanor Wheeler
- Department of Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cambridge, UK
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Andrew P Morris
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Centre for Genetics and Genomics Versus Arthritis, Division of Musculoskeletal and Dermatological Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Division of Musculoskeletal and Dermatological Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Inês Barroso
- Exeter Centre of Excellence for Diabetes Research (EXCEED), Genetics of Complex Traits, University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK.
- Department of Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cambridge, UK.
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
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Surendran P, Feofanova EV, Lahrouchi N, Ntalla I, Karthikeyan S, Cook J, Chen L, Mifsud B, Yao C, Kraja AT, Cartwright JH, Hellwege JN, Giri A, Tragante V, Thorleifsson G, Liu DJ, Prins BP, Stewart ID, Cabrera CP, Eales JM, Akbarov A, Auer PL, Bielak LF, Bis JC, Braithwaite VS, Brody JA, Daw EW, Warren HR, Drenos F, Nielsen SF, Faul JD, Fauman EB, Fava C, Ferreira T, Foley CN, Franceschini N, Gao H, Giannakopoulou O, Giulianini F, Gudbjartsson DF, Guo X, Harris SE, Havulinna AS, Helgadottir A, Huffman JE, Hwang SJ, Kanoni S, Kontto J, Larson MG, Li-Gao R, Lindström J, Lotta LA, Lu Y, Luan J, Mahajan A, Malerba G, Masca NGD, Mei H, Menni C, Mook-Kanamori DO, Mosen-Ansorena D, Müller-Nurasyid M, Paré G, Paul DS, Perola M, Poveda A, Rauramaa R, Richard M, Richardson TG, Sepúlveda N, Sim X, Smith AV, Smith JA, Staley JR, Stanáková A, Sulem P, Thériault S, Thorsteinsdottir U, Trompet S, Varga TV, Velez Edwards DR, Veronesi G, Weiss S, Willems SM, Yao J, Young R, Yu B, Zhang W, Zhao JH, Zhao W, Zhao W, Evangelou E, Aeschbacher S, Asllanaj E, Blankenberg S, Bonnycastle LL, Bork-Jensen J, Brandslund I, Braund PS, Burgess S, Cho K, Christensen C, Connell J, Mutsert RD, Dominiczak AF, Dörr M, Eiriksdottir G, Farmaki AE, Gaziano JM, Grarup N, Grove ML, Hallmans G, Hansen T, Have CT, Heiss G, Jørgensen ME, Jousilahti P, Kajantie E, Kamat M, Käräjämäki A, Karpe F, Koistinen HA, Kovesdy CP, Kuulasmaa K, Laatikainen T, Lannfelt L, Lee IT, Lee WJ, Linneberg A, Martin LW, Moitry M, Nadkarni G, Neville MJ, Palmer CNA, Papanicolaou GJ, Pedersen O, Peters J, Poulter N, Rasheed A, Rasmussen KL, Rayner NW, Mägi R, Renström F, Rettig R, Rossouw J, Schreiner PJ, Sever PS, Sigurdsson EL, Skaaby T, Sun YV, Sundstrom J, Thorgeirsson G, Esko T, Trabetti E, Tsao PS, Tuomi T, Turner ST, Tzoulaki I, Vaartjes I, Vergnaud AC, Willer CJ, Wilson PWF, Witte DR, Yonova-Doing E, Zhang H, Aliya N, Almgren P, Amouyel P, Asselbergs FW, Barnes MR, Blakemore AI, Boehnke M, Bots ML, Bottinger EP, Buring JE, Chambers JC, Chen YDI, Chowdhury R, Conen D, Correa A, Davey Smith G, Boer RAD, Deary IJ, Dedoussis G, Deloukas P, Di Angelantonio E, Elliott P, Felix SB, Ferrières J, Ford I, Fornage M, Franks PW, Franks S, Frossard P, Gambaro G, Gaunt TR, Groop L, Gudnason V, Harris TB, Hayward C, Hennig BJ, Herzig KH, Ingelsson E, Tuomilehto J, Järvelin MR, Jukema JW, Kardia SLR, Kee F, Kooner JS, Kooperberg C, Launer LJ, Lind L, Loos RJF, Majumder AAS, Laakso M, McCarthy MI, Melander O, Mohlke KL, Murray AD, Nordestgaard BG, Orho-Melander M, Packard CJ, Padmanabhan S, Palmas W, Polasek O, Porteous DJ, Prentice AM, Province MA, Relton CL, Rice K, Ridker PM, Rolandsson O, Rosendaal FR, Rotter JI, Rudan I, Salomaa V, Samani NJ, Sattar N, Sheu WHH, Smith BH, Soranzo N, Spector TD, Starr JM, Sebert S, Taylor KD, Lakka TA, Timpson NJ, Tobin MD, van der Harst P, van der Meer P, Ramachandran VS, Verweij N, Virtamo J, Völker U, Weir DR, Zeggini E, Charchar FJ, Wareham NJ, Langenberg C, Tomaszewski M, Butterworth AS, Caulfield MJ, Danesh J, Edwards TL, Holm H, Hung AM, Lindgren CM, Liu C, Manning AK, Morris AP, Morrison AC, O'Donnell CJ, Psaty BM, Saleheen D, Stefansson K, Boerwinkle E, Chasman DI, Levy D, Newton-Cheh C, Munroe PB, Howson JMM. Publisher Correction: Discovery of rare variants associated with blood pressure regulation through meta-analysis of 1.3 million individuals. Nat Genet 2021; 53:762. [PMID: 33727701 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-021-00832-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Praveen Surendran
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Health Data Research UK Cambridge, Wellcome Genome Campus and University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Rutherford Fund Fellow, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Elena V Feofanova
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Najim Lahrouchi
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Heart Center, Department of Clinical and Experimental Cardiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ioanna Ntalla
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Savita Karthikeyan
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - James Cook
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Lingyan Chen
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Borbala Mifsud
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Chen Yao
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
- Population Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Aldi T Kraja
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics and Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - James H Cartwright
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Jacklyn N Hellwege
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Institute for Medicine and Public Health, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System (626)/Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Ayush Giri
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Institute for Medicine and Public Health, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System (626)/Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Division of Quantitative Sciences, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System (626)/Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Vinicius Tragante
- Department of Cardiology, Division Heart & Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- deCODE genetics/Amgen, Inc, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | | | - Dajiang J Liu
- Institute of Personalized Medicine, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Bram P Prins
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Isobel D Stewart
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
| | - Claudia P Cabrera
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- National Institute for Health Research Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Centre, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - James M Eales
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Biology and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Artur Akbarov
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Biology and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Paul L Auer
- Joseph J Zilber School of Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Lawrence F Bielak
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Joshua C Bis
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Vickie S Braithwaite
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
- MRC Nutrition and Bone Health Group, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- MRC Unit The Gambia at London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Banjul, Gambia
| | - Jennifer A Brody
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - E Warwick Daw
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics and Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Helen R Warren
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- National Institute for Health Research Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Centre, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Fotios Drenos
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Health and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, London, UK
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science, Faculty of Population Health Sciences, University College London, London, UK
| | - Sune Fallgaard Nielsen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Jessica D Faul
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Eric B Fauman
- Internal Medicine Research Unit, Pfizer, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Cristiano Fava
- Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Teresa Ferreira
- The Big Data Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Information and Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Christopher N Foley
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- MRC Biostatistics Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Nora Franceschini
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - He Gao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Olga Giannakopoulou
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- Centre for Genomic Health, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- Division of Psychiatry, University College of London, London, UK
| | - Franco Giulianini
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Daniel F Gudbjartsson
- deCODE genetics/Amgen, Inc, Reykjavik, Iceland
- School of Engineering and Natural Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Xiuqing Guo
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Sarah E Harris
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Aki S Havulinna
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Department of Public Health Solutions, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Jennifer E Huffman
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, IGMM, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - Shih-Jen Hwang
- Population Sciences Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Boston University and National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
| | - Stavroula Kanoni
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- Centre for Genomic Health, Life Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Jukka Kontto
- Department of Public Health Solutions, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Martin G Larson
- Boston University and National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
- Biostatistics Department, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ruifang Li-Gao
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Jaana Lindström
- Department of Public Health Solutions, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Luca A Lotta
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
| | - Yingchang Lu
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine at Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Jian'an Luan
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
| | - Anubha Mahajan
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Giovanni Malerba
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Nicholas G D Masca
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- National Institute for Health Research Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Leicester, UK
| | - Hao Mei
- Department of Data Science, School of Population Health, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Cristina Menni
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Dennis O Mook-Kanamori
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - David Mosen-Ansorena
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Martina Müller-Nurasyid
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Medicine I, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
- Chair of Genetic Epidemiology, IBE, Faculty of Medicine, LMU, Munich, Germany
| | - Guillaume Paré
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dirk S Paul
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge and Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, UK
| | - Markus Perola
- Department of Public Health Solutions, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Clinical and Molecular Metabolism Research Program (CAMM), Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Alaitz Poveda
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Rainer Rauramaa
- Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Melissa Richard
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Tom G Richardson
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Nuno Sepúlveda
- Department of Infection Biology, Faculty of Tropical and Infectious Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
- Centre of Statistics and Applications of University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Xueling Sim
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Albert V Smith
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jennifer A Smith
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - James R Staley
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Alena Stanáková
- University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | | | - Sébastien Thériault
- Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Molecular Biology, Medical Biochemistry and Pathology, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Unnur Thorsteinsdottir
- deCODE genetics/Amgen, Inc, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Stella Trompet
- Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Tibor V Varga
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Digna R Velez Edwards
- Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Tennessee Valley Health Systems VA, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Giovanni Veronesi
- Research Center in Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Stefan Weiss
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine and University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Sara M Willems
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jie Yao
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Robin Young
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Robertson Centre for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Bing Yu
- Human Genetics Center, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Weihua Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital, Middlesex, UK
| | - Jing-Hua Zhao
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
- National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge and Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, UK
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Evangelos Evangelou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina Medical School, Ioannina, Greece
| | | | - Eralda Asllanaj
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Stefan Blankenberg
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Department of General and Interventional Cardiology, University Heart Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
- University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lori L Bonnycastle
- Medical Genomics and Metabolic Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jette Bork-Jensen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ivan Brandslund
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Lillebaelt Hospital, Vejle, Denmark
- Institute of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Peter S Braund
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- National Institute for Health Research Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Leicester, UK
| | - Stephen Burgess
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- MRC Biostatistics Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge and Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, UK
| | - Kelly Cho
- Massachusetts Veterans Epidemiology Research and Information Center (MAVERIC), VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - John Connell
- University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital & Medical School, Dundee, UK
| | - Renée de Mutsert
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Anna F Dominiczak
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK
| | - Marcus Dörr
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | | | - Aliki-Eleni Farmaki
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
- Department of Population Science and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, UK
| | - J Michael Gaziano
- Massachusetts Veterans Epidemiology Research and Information Center (MAVERIC), VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Niels Grarup
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Megan L Grove
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Göran Hallmans
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Torben Hansen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christian T Have
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Gerardo Heiss
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | | | - Pekka Jousilahti
- Department of Public Health Solutions, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Eero Kajantie
- Department of Public Health Solutions, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- PEDEGO Research Unit, MRC Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Helsinki University Central Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mihir Kamat
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge and Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, UK
| | - AnneMari Käräjämäki
- Department of Primary Health Care, Vaasa Central Hospital, Vaasa, Finland
- Diabetes Center, Vaasa Health Care Center, Vaasa, Finland
| | - Fredrik Karpe
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Heikki A Koistinen
- Department of Public Health Solutions, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Medicine, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Csaba P Kovesdy
- Nephrology Section, Memphis VA Medical Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Kari Kuulasmaa
- Department of Public Health Solutions, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tiina Laatikainen
- Department of Public Health Solutions, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Lars Lannfelt
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - I-Te Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, , Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- College of Science, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Jane Lee
- Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Social Work, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Allan Linneberg
- Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lisa W Martin
- George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington DC, USA
| | - Marie Moitry
- Department of Public health, Strasbourg University Hospital, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Girish Nadkarni
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine at Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Matt J Neville
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Colin N A Palmer
- Medical Research Institute, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, Scotland, UK
| | | | - Oluf Pedersen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - James Peters
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Health Data Research UK Cambridge, Wellcome Genome Campus and University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Neil Poulter
- International Centre for Circulatory Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Asif Rasheed
- Centre for Non-Communicable Diseases, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Katrine L Rasmussen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | - N William Rayner
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Reedik Mägi
- Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Frida Renström
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Rainer Rettig
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Institute of Physiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Karlsburg, Germany
| | - Jacques Rossouw
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, NHLBI, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Pamela J Schreiner
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Peter S Sever
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Emil L Sigurdsson
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Development Centre for Primary Health Care in Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Tea Skaaby
- Center for Clinical Research and Disease Prevention, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Yan V Sun
- Department of Epidemiology, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Department of Biomedical Informatics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Johan Sundstrom
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Gudmundur Thorgeirsson
- deCODE genetics/Amgen, Inc, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Landspitali-The National University Hospital of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Tõnu Esko
- Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
- Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Elisabetta Trabetti
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Philip S Tsao
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Tiinamaija Tuomi
- Folkhälsan Research Centre, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Endocrinology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Malmö, Sweden Institute for Molecular Medicine Helsinki (FIMM), Helsinki University, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Stephen T Turner
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Ioanna Tzoulaki
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina Medical School, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Ilonca Vaartjes
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, University of Utrecht, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Center for Circulatory Health, University Medical Center Utrecht, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Anne-Claire Vergnaud
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Cristen J Willer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Peter W F Wilson
- Atlanta VAMC and Emory Clinical Cardiovascular Research Institute, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Daniel R Witte
- Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Danish Diabetes Academy, Odense, Denmark
- Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Ekaterina Yonova-Doing
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - He Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Naheed Aliya
- International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Peter Almgren
- Department of Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Philippe Amouyel
- Univ Lille, U1167 - RID-AGE - Facteurs de Risque et Déterminants Moléculaires des Maladies Liées au Vieillissement, Lille, France
- INSERM, U1167, Lille, France
- CHU Lille, U1167, Lille, France
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1167, Lille, France
| | - Folkert W Asselbergs
- Department of Cardiology, Division Heart & Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science, Faculty of Population Health Sciences, University College London, London, UK
- Health Data Research UK, Institute of Health Informatics, University College London, London, UK
| | - Michael R Barnes
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- National Institute for Health Research Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Centre, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Alexandra I Blakemore
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Health and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, London, UK
- Section of Investigative Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, London, UK
| | - Michael Boehnke
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Michiel L Bots
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, University of Utrecht, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Center for Circulatory Health, University Medical Center Utrecht, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Erwin P Bottinger
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine at Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Julie E Buring
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - John C Chambers
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital, Middlesex, UK
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Yii-Der Ida Chen
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Rajiv Chowdhury
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Centre for Non-communicable Disease Research (CNCR), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - David Conen
- Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Adolfo Correa
- Jackson Heart Study, Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - George Davey Smith
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Rudolf A de Boer
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Cardiology, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Ian J Deary
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - George Dedoussis
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - Panos Deloukas
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- National Institute for Health Research Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Centre, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- Centre for Genomic Health, Life Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- Princess Al-Jawhara Al-Brahim Centre of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders (PACER-HD), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Emanuele Di Angelantonio
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Health Data Research UK Cambridge, Wellcome Genome Campus and University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge and Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, UK
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Blood and Transplant Research Unit (BTRU) in Donor Health and Genomics at the University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Paul Elliott
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Health Data Research UK-London at Imperial College London, London, UK
- UKDRI, Dementia Research Institute at Imperial College London, London, UK
- British Heart Foundation (BHF) Centre of Research Excellence, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Stephan B Felix
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Jean Ferrières
- Department of Cardiology and Department of Epidemiology, INSERM UMR 1027, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France
| | - Ian Ford
- Robertson Centre for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Myriam Fornage
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
- Human Genetics Center, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Paul W Franks
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Public Health & Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Oxford Center for Diabetes, Endocrinology & Metabolism, Radcliff Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Stephen Franks
- Institute of Reproductive & Developmental Biology, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | | | - Giovanni Gambaro
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Tom R Gaunt
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Leif Groop
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Malmö, Sweden
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Helsinki (FIMM), Helsinki University, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Vilmundur Gudnason
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Tamara B Harris
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute of Aging, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Caroline Hayward
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, IGMM, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - Branwen J Hennig
- MRC Unit The Gambia at London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Banjul, Gambia
- Wellcome Trust, London, UK
| | - Karl-Heinz Herzig
- Institute of Biomedicine, Medical Research Center (MRC), University of Oulu, and University Hospital Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Erik Ingelsson
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Jaakko Tuomilehto
- Department of Public Health Solutions, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Saudi Diabetes Research Group, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- National Institute of Public Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marjo-Riitta Järvelin
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Health and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, London, UK
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Unit of Primary Care, Oulu University Hospital, Kajaanintie, Oulu, Finland
- Center for Life-Course Health Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - J Wouter Jukema
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Sharon L R Kardia
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Frank Kee
- Centre for Public Health, Queens University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Jaspal S Kooner
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital, Middlesex, UK
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Charles Kooperberg
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Division of Public Health Sciences, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Lenore J Launer
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute of Aging, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Lars Lind
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ruth J F Loos
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine at Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- The Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Markku Laakso
- Department of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Mark I McCarthy
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals Trust, Oxford, UK
- Genentech, South San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Olle Melander
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Karen L Mohlke
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Alison D Murray
- The Institute of Medical Sciences, Aberdeen Biomedical Imaging Centre, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Børge Grønne Nordestgaard
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | | | | | - Sandosh Padmanabhan
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Walter Palmas
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ozren Polasek
- Department of Public Health, University of Split School of Medicine, Split, Croatia
| | - David J Porteous
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics & Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Andrew M Prentice
- MRC Unit The Gambia at London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Banjul, Gambia
- MRC International Nutrition Group at London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel St, London, UK
| | - Michael A Province
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics and Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Caroline L Relton
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Kenneth Rice
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Paul M Ridker
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Olov Rolandsson
- Department of Public Health & Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Frits R Rosendaal
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Igor Rudan
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - Veikko Salomaa
- Department of Public Health Solutions, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Nilesh J Samani
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- National Institute for Health Research Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Leicester, UK
| | - Naveed Sattar
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK
| | - Wayne H-H Sheu
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Medical Technology, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Blair H Smith
- Division of Population Health and Genomics, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Nicole Soranzo
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Blood and Transplant Research Unit (BTRU) in Donor Health and Genomics at the University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Timothy D Spector
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - John M Starr
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Alzheimer Scotland Research Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Sylvain Sebert
- Center for Life-Course Health Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Kent D Taylor
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Timo A Lakka
- Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
- Institute of Biomedicine/Physiology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Nicholas J Timpson
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Martin D Tobin
- National Institute for Health Research Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Leicester, UK
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Pim van der Harst
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Cardiology, Groningen, the Netherlands
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Genetics, Groningen, the Netherlands
- Durrer Center for Cardiogenetic Research, ICIN-Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Peter van der Meer
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Cardiology, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Vasan S Ramachandran
- Boston University and National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
- Boston University Schools of Medicine and Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Niek Verweij
- University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Jarmo Virtamo
- Department of Public Health Solutions, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Uwe Völker
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine and University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - David R Weir
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Eleftheria Zeggini
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
- Institute of Translational Genomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich and Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany
| | - Fadi J Charchar
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- Health Innovation and Transformation Center, Federation University Australia, Ballarat, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Physiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Nicholas J Wareham
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
| | - Claudia Langenberg
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
| | - Maciej Tomaszewski
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Biology and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Division of Medicine, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Adam S Butterworth
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Health Data Research UK Cambridge, Wellcome Genome Campus and University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge and Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, UK
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Blood and Transplant Research Unit (BTRU) in Donor Health and Genomics at the University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Mark J Caulfield
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- National Institute for Health Research Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Centre, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - John Danesh
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Health Data Research UK Cambridge, Wellcome Genome Campus and University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge and Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, UK
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Blood and Transplant Research Unit (BTRU) in Donor Health and Genomics at the University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Todd L Edwards
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Institute for Medicine and Public Health, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System (626)/Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Hilma Holm
- deCODE genetics/Amgen, Inc, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Adriana M Hung
- VA Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Center for Kidney Disease, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Cecilia M Lindgren
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- The Big Data Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Information and Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Chunyu Liu
- Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alisa K Manning
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Mongan Institute, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andrew P Morris
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Centre for Genetics and Genomics Versus Arthritis, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Alanna C Morrison
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Christopher J O'Donnell
- VA Boston Healthcare, Section of Cardiology and Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Bruce M Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Danish Saleheen
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Center for Non-Communicable Diseases, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Kari Stefansson
- deCODE genetics/Amgen, Inc, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Daniel I Chasman
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Daniel Levy
- Boston University and National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
- Population Sciences, Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Christopher Newton-Cheh
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Patricia B Munroe
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
- National Institute for Health Research Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Centre, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
| | - Joanna M M Howson
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
- National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge and Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, UK.
- Department of Genetics, Novo Nordisk Research Centre Oxford, Oxford, UK.
- Novo Nordisk Research Centre Oxford, Novo Nordisk Ltd, Oxford, UK.
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18
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Belbin GM, Cullina S, Wenric S, Soper ER, Glicksberg BS, Torre D, Moscati A, Wojcik GL, Shemirani R, Beckmann ND, Cohain A, Sorokin EP, Park DS, Ambite JL, Ellis S, Auton A, Bottinger EP, Cho JH, Loos RJF, Abul-Husn NS, Zaitlen NA, Gignoux CR, Kenny EE. Toward a fine-scale population health monitoring system. Cell 2021; 184:2068-2083.e11. [PMID: 33861964 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2021.03.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Understanding population health disparities is an essential component of equitable precision health efforts. Epidemiology research often relies on definitions of race and ethnicity, but these population labels may not adequately capture disease burdens and environmental factors impacting specific sub-populations. Here, we propose a framework for repurposing data from electronic health records (EHRs) in concert with genomic data to explore the demographic ties that can impact disease burdens. Using data from a diverse biobank in New York City, we identified 17 communities sharing recent genetic ancestry. We observed 1,177 health outcomes that were statistically associated with a specific group and demonstrated significant differences in the segregation of genetic variants contributing to Mendelian diseases. We also demonstrated that fine-scale population structure can impact the prediction of complex disease risk within groups. This work reinforces the utility of linking genomic data to EHRs and provides a framework toward fine-scale monitoring of population health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gillian M Belbin
- Institute for Genomic Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; The Charles Bronfman Institute of Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Sinead Cullina
- Institute for Genomic Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; The Charles Bronfman Institute of Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Stephane Wenric
- Institute for Genomic Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; The Charles Bronfman Institute of Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Emily R Soper
- Institute for Genomic Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Benjamin S Glicksberg
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Denis Torre
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Arden Moscati
- The Charles Bronfman Institute of Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Genevieve L Wojcik
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Ruhollah Shemirani
- Information Science Institute, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA 90089, USA
| | - Noam D Beckmann
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Ariella Cohain
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Elena P Sorokin
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Danny S Park
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Jose-Luis Ambite
- Information Science Institute, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA 90089, USA
| | - Steve Ellis
- The Charles Bronfman Institute of Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Adam Auton
- Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA
| | -
- Institute for Genomic Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; The Charles Bronfman Institute of Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
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- Regeneron Genetics Center, Tarrytown, New York, NY 10591, USA
| | - Erwin P Bottinger
- Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Judy H Cho
- The Charles Bronfman Institute of Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Ruth J F Loos
- Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; The Charles Bronfman Institute of Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Noura S Abul-Husn
- Institute for Genomic Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Noah A Zaitlen
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Christopher R Gignoux
- Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Eimear E Kenny
- Institute for Genomic Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.
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19
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Wenric S, Jeff JM, Joseph T, Yee MC, Belbin GM, Owusu Obeng A, Ellis SB, Bottinger EP, Gottesman O, Levin MA, Kenny EE. Rapid response to the alpha-1 adrenergic agent phenylephrine in the perioperative period is impacted by genomics and ancestry. Pharmacogenomics J 2021; 21:174-189. [PMID: 33168928 PMCID: PMC7997806 DOI: 10.1038/s41397-020-00194-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2019] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The emergence of genomic data in biobanks and health systems offers new ways to derive medically important phenotypes, including acute phenotypes occurring during inpatient clinical care. Here we study the genetic underpinnings of the rapid response to phenylephrine, an α1-adrenergic receptor agonist commonly used to treat hypotension during anesthesia and surgery. We quantified this response by extracting blood pressure (BP) measurements 5 min before and after the administration of phenylephrine. Based on this derived phenotype, we show that systematic differences exist between self-reported ancestry groups: European-Americans (EA; n = 1387) have a significantly higher systolic response to phenylephrine than African-Americans (AA; n = 1217) and Hispanic/Latinos (HA; n = 1713) (31.3% increase, p value < 6e-08 and 22.9% increase, p value < 5e-05 respectively), after adjusting for genetic ancestry, demographics, and relevant clinical covariates. We performed a genome-wide association study to investigate genetic factors underlying individual differences in this derived phenotype. We discovered genome-wide significant association signals in loci and genes previously associated with BP measured in ambulatory settings, and a general enrichment of association in these genes. Finally, we discovered two low frequency variants, present at ~1% in EAs and AAs, respectively, where patients carrying one copy of these variants show no phenylephrine response. This work demonstrates our ability to derive a quantitative phenotype suited for comparative statistics and genome-wide association studies from dense clinical and physiological measures captured for managing patients during surgery. We identify genetic variants underlying non response to phenylephrine, with implications for preemptive pharmacogenomic screening to improve safety during surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephane Wenric
- Institute for Genomic Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Janina M Jeff
- Institute for Genomic Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Thomas Joseph
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Muh-Ching Yee
- Stanford Functional Genomics Facility, Stanford, CA, USA
- Invitae Corporation, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Gillian M Belbin
- Institute for Genomic Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Aniwaa Owusu Obeng
- Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Pharmacy Department, The Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Stephen B Ellis
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Erwin P Bottinger
- Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- The Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Omri Gottesman
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Matthew A Levin
- Department of Genetics and Genomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Eimear E Kenny
- Institute for Genomic Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Genetics and Genomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
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20
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Gorski M, Jung B, Li Y, Matias-Garcia PR, Wuttke M, Coassin S, Thio CHL, Kleber ME, Winkler TW, Wanner V, Chai JF, Chu AY, Cocca M, Feitosa MF, Ghasemi S, Hoppmann A, Horn K, Li M, Nutile T, Scholz M, Sieber KB, Teumer A, Tin A, Wang J, Tayo BO, Ahluwalia TS, Almgren P, Bakker SJL, Banas B, Bansal N, Biggs ML, Boerwinkle E, Bottinger EP, Brenner H, Carroll RJ, Chalmers J, Chee ML, Chee ML, Cheng CY, Coresh J, de Borst MH, Degenhardt F, Eckardt KU, Endlich K, Franke A, Freitag-Wolf S, Gampawar P, Gansevoort RT, Ghanbari M, Gieger C, Hamet P, Ho K, Hofer E, Holleczek B, Xian Foo VH, Hutri-Kähönen N, Hwang SJ, Ikram MA, Josyula NS, Kähönen M, Khor CC, Koenig W, Kramer H, Krämer BK, Kühnel B, Lange LA, Lehtimäki T, Lieb W, Loos RJF, Lukas MA, Lyytikäinen LP, Meisinger C, Meitinger T, Melander O, Milaneschi Y, Mishra PP, Mononen N, Mychaleckyj JC, Nadkarni GN, Nauck M, Nikus K, Ning B, Nolte IM, O'Donoghue ML, Orho-Melander M, Pendergrass SA, Penninx BWJH, Preuss MH, Psaty BM, Raffield LM, Raitakari OT, Rettig R, Rheinberger M, Rice KM, Rosenkranz AR, Rossing P, Rotter JI, Sabanayagam C, Schmidt H, Schmidt R, Schöttker B, Schulz CA, Sedaghat S, Shaffer CM, Strauch K, Szymczak S, Taylor KD, Tremblay J, Chaker L, van der Harst P, van der Most PJ, Verweij N, Völker U, Waldenberger M, Wallentin L, Waterworth DM, White HD, Wilson JG, Wong TY, Woodward M, Yang Q, Yasuda M, Yerges-Armstrong LM, Zhang Y, Snieder H, Wanner C, Böger CA, Köttgen A, Kronenberg F, Pattaro C, Heid IM. Meta-analysis uncovers genome-wide significant variants for rapid kidney function decline. Kidney Int 2021; 99:926-939. [PMID: 33137338 PMCID: PMC8010357 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2020.09.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Rapid decline of glomerular filtration rate estimated from creatinine (eGFRcrea) is associated with severe clinical endpoints. In contrast to cross-sectionally assessed eGFRcrea, the genetic basis for rapid eGFRcrea decline is largely unknown. To help define this, we meta-analyzed 42 genome-wide association studies from the Chronic Kidney Diseases Genetics Consortium and United Kingdom Biobank to identify genetic loci for rapid eGFRcrea decline. Two definitions of eGFRcrea decline were used: 3 mL/min/1.73m2/year or more ("Rapid3"; encompassing 34,874 cases, 107,090 controls) and eGFRcrea decline 25% or more and eGFRcrea under 60 mL/min/1.73m2 at follow-up among those with eGFRcrea 60 mL/min/1.73m2 or more at baseline ("CKDi25"; encompassing 19,901 cases, 175,244 controls). Seven independent variants were identified across six loci for Rapid3 and/or CKDi25: consisting of five variants at four loci with genome-wide significance (near UMOD-PDILT (2), PRKAG2, WDR72, OR2S2) and two variants among 265 known eGFRcrea variants (near GATM, LARP4B). All these loci were novel for Rapid3 and/or CKDi25 and our bioinformatic follow-up prioritized variants and genes underneath these loci. The OR2S2 locus is novel for any eGFRcrea trait including interesting candidates. For the five genome-wide significant lead variants, we found supporting effects for annual change in blood urea nitrogen or cystatin-based eGFR, but not for GATM or LARP4B. Individuals at high compared to those at low genetic risk (8-14 vs. 0-5 adverse alleles) had a 1.20-fold increased risk of acute kidney injury (95% confidence interval 1.08-1.33). Thus, our identified loci for rapid kidney function decline may help prioritize therapeutic targets and identify mechanisms and individuals at risk for sustained deterioration of kidney function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathias Gorski
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany; Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.
| | - Bettina Jung
- Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Yong Li
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Biometry, Epidemiology and Medical Bioinformatics, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Pamela R Matias-Garcia
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany; Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany; TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Matthias Wuttke
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Biometry, Epidemiology and Medical Bioinformatics, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Renal Division, Department of Medicine IV, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Coassin
- Department of Genetics and Pharmacology, Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Chris H L Thio
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Marcus E Kleber
- Vth Department of Medicine (Nephrology, Hypertensiology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology, Diabetology), Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Thomas W Winkler
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Veronika Wanner
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Jin-Fang Chai
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Audrey Y Chu
- Genetics, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, New Jersey, USA
| | - Massimiliano Cocca
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo," Trieste, Italy
| | - Mary F Feitosa
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Sahar Ghasemi
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Anselm Hoppmann
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Biometry, Epidemiology and Medical Bioinformatics, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Katrin Horn
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany; LIFE Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Man Li
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Teresa Nutile
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics "Adriano Buzzati-Traverso"-CNR, Naples, Italy
| | - Markus Scholz
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany; LIFE Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Karsten B Sieber
- Human Genetics, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Alexander Teumer
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Adrienne Tin
- Memory Impairment and Neurodegenerative Dementia (MIND) Center, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA; Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
| | - Judy Wang
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Bamidele O Tayo
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, Illinois, USA
| | | | - Peter Almgren
- Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease-Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Stephan J L Bakker
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Bernhard Banas
- Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Nisha Bansal
- Division of Nephrology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA; Kidney Research Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Mary L Biggs
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA; Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Human Genetics Center, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Erwin P Bottinger
- Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA; Digital Health Center, Hasso Plattner Institute and University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Hermann Brenner
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Network Aging Research, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Robert J Carroll
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - John Chalmers
- The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; The George Institute for Global Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Miao-Li Chee
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Miao-Ling Chee
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ching-Yu Cheng
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore, Singapore; Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore; Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Josef Coresh
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Martin H de Borst
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Frauke Degenhardt
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-AlbrechtsUniversity of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Kai-Uwe Eckardt
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Karlhans Endlich
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Andre Franke
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-AlbrechtsUniversity of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Sandra Freitag-Wolf
- Institute of Medical Informatics and Statistics, Kiel University, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Piyush Gampawar
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Center for Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Ron T Gansevoort
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Mohsen Ghanbari
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Christian Gieger
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany; Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Pavel Hamet
- Montreal University Hospital Research Center, CHUM, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Medpharmgene, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; CRCHUM, Montreal, Canada
| | - Kevin Ho
- Kidney Health Research Institute (KHRI), Geisinger, Danville, Pennsylvania, USA; Department of Nephrology, Geisinger, Danville, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Edith Hofer
- Clinical Division of Neurogeriatrics, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Bernd Holleczek
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Valencia Hui Xian Foo
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Nina Hutri-Kähönen
- Department of Pediatrics, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland; Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Shih-Jen Hwang
- NHLBI's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts, USA; The Center for Population Studies, NHLBI, Framingham, Massachusetts, USA
| | - M Arfan Ikram
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Navya Shilpa Josyula
- Geisinger Research, Biomedical and Translational Informatics Institute, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Mika Kähönen
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland; Department of Clinical Physiology, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center-Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Chiea-Chuen Khor
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore, Singapore; Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wolfgang Koenig
- Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany; Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Holly Kramer
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, Illinois, USA; Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Bernhard K Krämer
- Department of Medicine (Nephrology, Hypertensiology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology, Diabetology), Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Brigitte Kühnel
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Leslie A Lange
- Division of Biomedical Informatics and Personalized Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver-Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland; Department of Clinical Chemistry, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center-Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Wolfgang Lieb
- Institute of Epidemiology and Biobank Popgen, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Ruth J F Loos
- Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA; The Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Mary Ann Lukas
- Target Sciences-Genetics, GlaxoSmithKline, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland; Department of Clinical Chemistry, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center-Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Christa Meisinger
- Independent Research Group Clinical Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany; Chair of Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München at UNIKA-T Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Meitinger
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany; Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany; Institute of Human Genetics, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Olle Melander
- Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Yuri Milaneschi
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health and Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC/Vrije Universiteit and GGZ inGeest, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Pashupati P Mishra
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland; Department of Clinical Chemistry, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center-Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Nina Mononen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland; Department of Clinical Chemistry, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center-Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Josyf C Mychaleckyj
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Girish N Nadkarni
- Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA; Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Matthias Nauck
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany; Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Kjell Nikus
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland; Department of Cardiology, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center-Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Boting Ning
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ilja M Nolte
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Michelle L O'Donoghue
- Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; TIMI Study Group, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Marju Orho-Melander
- Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease-Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Sarah A Pendergrass
- Geisinger Research, Biomedical and Translational Informatics Institute, Danville, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Brenda W J H Penninx
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health and Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC/Vrije Universiteit and GGZ inGeest, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Michael H Preuss
- Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Bruce M Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, Department of Epidemiology, Department of Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA; Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Laura M Raffield
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Olli T Raitakari
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland; Research Center of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Rainer Rettig
- Institute of Physiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Karlsburg, Germany
| | - Myriam Rheinberger
- Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany; Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kliniken Südostbayern, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Kenneth M Rice
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Alexander R Rosenkranz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | | | - Jerome I Rotter
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, USA
| | - Charumathi Sabanayagam
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore, Singapore; Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Helena Schmidt
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Center for Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Reinhold Schmidt
- Clinical Division of Neurogeriatrics, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Ben Schöttker
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Network Aging Research, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christina-Alexandra Schulz
- Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease-Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Sanaz Sedaghat
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Christian M Shaffer
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Konstantin Strauch
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany; Chair of Genetic Epidemiology, IBE, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Silke Szymczak
- Institute of Medical Informatics and Statistics, Kiel University, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Kent D Taylor
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, USA
| | - Johanne Tremblay
- Montreal University Hospital Research Center, CHUM, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; CRCHUM, Montreal, Canada; Medpharmgene, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Layal Chaker
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Pim van der Harst
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands; Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands; Durrer Center for Cardiovascular Research, The Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Peter J van der Most
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Niek Verweij
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Uwe Völker
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany; Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Melanie Waldenberger
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany; Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Lars Wallentin
- Cardiology, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; Uppsala Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - Harvey D White
- Green Lane Cardiovascular Service, Auckland City Hospital and University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - James G Wilson
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
| | - Tien-Yin Wong
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore, Singapore; Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Mark Woodward
- The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; The George Institute for Global Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Qiong Yang
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Masayuki Yasuda
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore, Singapore; Department of Ophthalmology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Miyagi, Japan
| | | | - Yan Zhang
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Harold Snieder
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Christoph Wanner
- Division of Nephrology, University Clinic, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Carsten A Böger
- Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany; Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kliniken Südostbayern, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Anna Köttgen
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Biometry, Epidemiology and Medical Bioinformatics, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Florian Kronenberg
- Department of Genetics and Pharmacology, Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Cristian Pattaro
- Eurac Research, Institute for Biomedicine (affiliated with the University of Lübeck), Bolzano, Italy
| | - Iris M Heid
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.
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21
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Chan L, Jaladanki SK, Somani S, Paranjpe I, Kumar A, Zhao S, Kaufman L, Leisman S, Sharma S, He JC, Murphy B, Fayad ZA, Levin MA, Bottinger EP, Charney AW, Glicksberg BS, Coca SG, Nadkarni GN. Outcomes of Patients on Maintenance Dialysis Hospitalized with COVID-19. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2021; 16:452-455. [PMID: 33127607 PMCID: PMC8011022 DOI: 10.2215/cjn.12360720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lili Chan
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York,Department of Genetics and Genomics, The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York,Department of Genetics and Genomics, BioMe Phenomics Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Suraj K. Jaladanki
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York,The Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Sulaiman Somani
- The Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Ishan Paranjpe
- The Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Arvind Kumar
- The Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Shan Zhao
- The Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Lewis Kaufman
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Staci Leisman
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Shuchita Sharma
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - John Cijiang He
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Barbara Murphy
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Zahi A. Fayad
- BioMedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York,Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Matthew A. Levin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York,Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Erwin P. Bottinger
- The Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at Mount Sinai, New York, New York,Department of Genetics and Genomics, Digital Health Center, Hasso Plattner Institute, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Alexander W. Charney
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York,The Pamela Sklar Division of Psychiatric Genomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York,Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Benjamin S. Glicksberg
- The Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at Mount Sinai, New York, New York,Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Steven G. Coca
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York,Department of Genetics and Genomics, The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Girish N. Nadkarni
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York,Department of Genetics and Genomics, The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York,Department of Genetics and Genomics, BioMe Phenomics Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York,The Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at Mount Sinai, New York, New York,Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
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22
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Hirten RP, Danieletto M, Tomalin L, Choi KH, Zweig M, Golden E, Kaur S, Helmus D, Biello A, Pyzik R, Charney A, Miotto R, Glicksberg BS, Levin M, Nabeel I, Aberg J, Reich D, Charney D, Bottinger EP, Keefer L, Suarez-Farinas M, Nadkarni GN, Fayad ZA. Use of Physiological Data From a Wearable Device to Identify SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Symptoms and Predict COVID-19 Diagnosis: Observational Study. J Med Internet Res 2021; 23:e26107. [PMID: 33529156 PMCID: PMC7901594 DOI: 10.2196/26107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Changes in autonomic nervous system function, characterized by heart rate variability (HRV), have been associated with infection and observed prior to its clinical identification. OBJECTIVE We performed an evaluation of HRV collected by a wearable device to identify and predict COVID-19 and its related symptoms. METHODS Health care workers in the Mount Sinai Health System were prospectively followed in an ongoing observational study using the custom Warrior Watch Study app, which was downloaded to their smartphones. Participants wore an Apple Watch for the duration of the study, measuring HRV throughout the follow-up period. Surveys assessing infection and symptom-related questions were obtained daily. RESULTS Using a mixed-effect cosinor model, the mean amplitude of the circadian pattern of the standard deviation of the interbeat interval of normal sinus beats (SDNN), an HRV metric, differed between subjects with and without COVID-19 (P=.006). The mean amplitude of this circadian pattern differed between individuals during the 7 days before and the 7 days after a COVID-19 diagnosis compared to this metric during uninfected time periods (P=.01). Significant changes in the mean and amplitude of the circadian pattern of the SDNN was observed between the first day of reporting a COVID-19-related symptom compared to all other symptom-free days (P=.01). CONCLUSIONS Longitudinally collected HRV metrics from a commonly worn commercial wearable device (Apple Watch) can predict the diagnosis of COVID-19 and identify COVID-19-related symptoms. Prior to the diagnosis of COVID-19 by nasal swab polymerase chain reaction testing, significant changes in HRV were observed, demonstrating the predictive ability of this metric to identify COVID-19 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert P Hirten
- The Dr Henry D Janowitz Division of Gastroenterology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States.,Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Matteo Danieletto
- Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States.,Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Lewis Tomalin
- Center for Biostatistics, Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Katie Hyewon Choi
- Center for Biostatistics, Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Micol Zweig
- Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States.,Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Eddye Golden
- Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States.,Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Sparshdeep Kaur
- Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Drew Helmus
- The Dr Henry D Janowitz Division of Gastroenterology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Anthony Biello
- The Dr Henry D Janowitz Division of Gastroenterology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Renata Pyzik
- The BioMedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Alexander Charney
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States.,Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States.,Pamela Sklar Division of Psychiatric Genomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Riccardo Miotto
- Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States.,Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Benjamin S Glicksberg
- Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States.,Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Matthew Levin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Ismail Nabeel
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Judith Aberg
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - David Reich
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Dennis Charney
- Office of the Dean, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States.,Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Erwin P Bottinger
- Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Laurie Keefer
- The Dr Henry D Janowitz Division of Gastroenterology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States.,Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Mayte Suarez-Farinas
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States.,Center for Biostatistics, Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Girish N Nadkarni
- Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States.,Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States.,Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Zahi A Fayad
- The BioMedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States.,Department of Diagnostic, Molecular and Interventional Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
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Surendran P, Feofanova EV, Lahrouchi N, Ntalla I, Karthikeyan S, Cook J, Chen L, Mifsud B, Yao C, Kraja AT, Cartwright JH, Hellwege JN, Giri A, Tragante V, Thorleifsson G, Liu DJ, Prins BP, Stewart ID, Cabrera CP, Eales JM, Akbarov A, Auer PL, Bielak LF, Bis JC, Braithwaite VS, Brody JA, Daw EW, Warren HR, Drenos F, Nielsen SF, Faul JD, Fauman EB, Fava C, Ferreira T, Foley CN, Franceschini N, Gao H, Giannakopoulou O, Giulianini F, Gudbjartsson DF, Guo X, Harris SE, Havulinna AS, Helgadottir A, Huffman JE, Hwang SJ, Kanoni S, Kontto J, Larson MG, Li-Gao R, Lindström J, Lotta LA, Lu Y, Luan J, Mahajan A, Malerba G, Masca NGD, Mei H, Menni C, Mook-Kanamori DO, Mosen-Ansorena D, Müller-Nurasyid M, Paré G, Paul DS, Perola M, Poveda A, Rauramaa R, Richard M, Richardson TG, Sepúlveda N, Sim X, Smith AV, Smith JA, Staley JR, Stanáková A, Sulem P, Thériault S, Thorsteinsdottir U, Trompet S, Varga TV, Velez Edwards DR, Veronesi G, Weiss S, Willems SM, Yao J, Young R, Yu B, Zhang W, Zhao JH, Zhao W, Zhao W, Evangelou E, Aeschbacher S, Asllanaj E, Blankenberg S, Bonnycastle LL, Bork-Jensen J, Brandslund I, Braund PS, Burgess S, Cho K, Christensen C, Connell J, Mutsert RD, Dominiczak AF, Dörr M, Eiriksdottir G, Farmaki AE, Gaziano JM, Grarup N, Grove ML, Hallmans G, Hansen T, Have CT, Heiss G, Jørgensen ME, Jousilahti P, Kajantie E, Kamat M, Käräjämäki A, Karpe F, Koistinen HA, Kovesdy CP, Kuulasmaa K, Laatikainen T, Lannfelt L, Lee IT, Lee WJ, Linneberg A, Martin LW, Moitry M, Nadkarni G, Neville MJ, Palmer CNA, Papanicolaou GJ, Pedersen O, Peters J, Poulter N, Rasheed A, Rasmussen KL, Rayner NW, Mägi R, Renström F, Rettig R, Rossouw J, Schreiner PJ, Sever PS, Sigurdsson EL, Skaaby T, Sun YV, Sundstrom J, Thorgeirsson G, Esko T, Trabetti E, Tsao PS, Tuomi T, Turner ST, Tzoulaki I, Vaartjes I, Vergnaud AC, Willer CJ, Wilson PWF, Witte DR, Yonova-Doing E, Zhang H, Aliya N, Almgren P, Amouyel P, Asselbergs FW, Barnes MR, Blakemore AI, Boehnke M, Bots ML, Bottinger EP, Buring JE, Chambers JC, Chen YDI, Chowdhury R, Conen D, Correa A, Davey Smith G, Boer RAD, Deary IJ, Dedoussis G, Deloukas P, Di Angelantonio E, Elliott P, Felix SB, Ferrières J, Ford I, Fornage M, Franks PW, Franks S, Frossard P, Gambaro G, Gaunt TR, Groop L, Gudnason V, Harris TB, Hayward C, Hennig BJ, Herzig KH, Ingelsson E, Tuomilehto J, Järvelin MR, Jukema JW, Kardia SLR, Kee F, Kooner JS, Kooperberg C, Launer LJ, Lind L, Loos RJF, Majumder AAS, Laakso M, McCarthy MI, Melander O, Mohlke KL, Murray AD, Nordestgaard BG, Orho-Melander M, Packard CJ, Padmanabhan S, Palmas W, Polasek O, Porteous DJ, Prentice AM, Province MA, Relton CL, Rice K, Ridker PM, Rolandsson O, Rosendaal FR, Rotter JI, Rudan I, Salomaa V, Samani NJ, Sattar N, Sheu WHH, Smith BH, Soranzo N, Spector TD, Starr JM, Sebert S, Taylor KD, Lakka TA, Timpson NJ, Tobin MD, van der Harst P, van der Meer P, Ramachandran VS, Verweij N, Virtamo J, Völker U, Weir DR, Zeggini E, Charchar FJ, Wareham NJ, Langenberg C, Tomaszewski M, Butterworth AS, Caulfield MJ, Danesh J, Edwards TL, Holm H, Hung AM, Lindgren CM, Liu C, Manning AK, Morris AP, Morrison AC, O'Donnell CJ, Psaty BM, Saleheen D, Stefansson K, Boerwinkle E, Chasman DI, Levy D, Newton-Cheh C, Munroe PB, Howson JMM. Discovery of rare variants associated with blood pressure regulation through meta-analysis of 1.3 million individuals. Nat Genet 2020; 52:1314-1332. [PMID: 33230300 PMCID: PMC7610439 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-020-00713-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Genetic studies of blood pressure (BP) to date have mainly analyzed common variants (minor allele frequency > 0.05). In a meta-analysis of up to ~1.3 million participants, we discovered 106 new BP-associated genomic regions and 87 rare (minor allele frequency ≤ 0.01) variant BP associations (P < 5 × 10-8), of which 32 were in new BP-associated loci and 55 were independent BP-associated single-nucleotide variants within known BP-associated regions. Average effects of rare variants (44% coding) were ~8 times larger than common variant effects and indicate potential candidate causal genes at new and known loci (for example, GATA5 and PLCB3). BP-associated variants (including rare and common) were enriched in regions of active chromatin in fetal tissues, potentially linking fetal development with BP regulation in later life. Multivariable Mendelian randomization suggested possible inverse effects of elevated systolic and diastolic BP on large artery stroke. Our study demonstrates the utility of rare-variant analyses for identifying candidate genes and the results highlight potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Praveen Surendran
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Health Data Research UK Cambridge, Wellcome Genome Campus and University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Rutherford Fund Fellow, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Elena V Feofanova
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Najim Lahrouchi
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Heart Center, Department of Clinical and Experimental Cardiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ioanna Ntalla
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Savita Karthikeyan
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - James Cook
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Lingyan Chen
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Borbala Mifsud
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Chen Yao
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
- Population Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Aldi T Kraja
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics and Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - James H Cartwright
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Jacklyn N Hellwege
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Institute for Medicine and Public Health, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System (626)/Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Ayush Giri
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Institute for Medicine and Public Health, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System (626)/Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Division of Quantitative Sciences, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System (626)/Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Vinicius Tragante
- Department of Cardiology, Division Heart & Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- deCODE genetics/Amgen, Inc, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | | | - Dajiang J Liu
- Institute of Personalized Medicine, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Bram P Prins
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Isobel D Stewart
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
| | - Claudia P Cabrera
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- National Institute for Health Research Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Centre, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - James M Eales
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Biology and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Artur Akbarov
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Biology and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Paul L Auer
- Joseph J Zilber School of Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Lawrence F Bielak
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Joshua C Bis
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Vickie S Braithwaite
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
- MRC Nutrition and Bone Health Group, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- MRC Unit The Gambia at London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Banjul, Gambia
| | - Jennifer A Brody
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - E Warwick Daw
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics and Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Helen R Warren
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- National Institute for Health Research Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Centre, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Fotios Drenos
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Health and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, London, UK
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science, Faculty of Population Health Sciences, University College London, London, UK
| | - Sune Fallgaard Nielsen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Jessica D Faul
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Eric B Fauman
- Internal Medicine Research Unit, Pfizer, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Cristiano Fava
- Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Teresa Ferreira
- The Big Data Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Information and Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Christopher N Foley
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- MRC Biostatistics Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Nora Franceschini
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - He Gao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Olga Giannakopoulou
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- Centre for Genomic Health, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- Division of Psychiatry, University College of London, London, UK
| | - Franco Giulianini
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Daniel F Gudbjartsson
- deCODE genetics/Amgen, Inc, Reykjavik, Iceland
- School of Engineering and Natural Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Xiuqing Guo
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Sarah E Harris
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Aki S Havulinna
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Department of Public Health Solutions, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Jennifer E Huffman
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, IGMM, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - Shih-Jen Hwang
- Population Sciences Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Boston University and National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
| | - Stavroula Kanoni
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- Centre for Genomic Health, Life Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Jukka Kontto
- Department of Public Health Solutions, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Martin G Larson
- Boston University and National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
- Biostatistics Department, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ruifang Li-Gao
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Jaana Lindström
- Department of Public Health Solutions, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Luca A Lotta
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
| | - Yingchang Lu
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine at Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Jian'an Luan
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
| | - Anubha Mahajan
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Giovanni Malerba
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Nicholas G D Masca
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- National Institute for Health Research Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Leicester, UK
| | - Hao Mei
- Department of Data Science, School of Population Health, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Cristina Menni
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Dennis O Mook-Kanamori
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - David Mosen-Ansorena
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Martina Müller-Nurasyid
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Medicine I, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
- Chair of Genetic Epidemiology, IBE, Faculty of Medicine, LMU, Munich, Germany
| | - Guillaume Paré
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dirk S Paul
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge and Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, UK
| | - Markus Perola
- Department of Public Health Solutions, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Clinical and Molecular Metabolism Research Program (CAMM), Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Alaitz Poveda
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Rainer Rauramaa
- Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Melissa Richard
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Tom G Richardson
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Nuno Sepúlveda
- Department of Infection Biology, Faculty of Tropical and Infectious Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
- Centre of Statistics and Applications of University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Xueling Sim
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Albert V Smith
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jennifer A Smith
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - James R Staley
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Alena Stanáková
- University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | | | - Sébastien Thériault
- Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Molecular Biology, Medical Biochemistry and Pathology, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Unnur Thorsteinsdottir
- deCODE genetics/Amgen, Inc, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Stella Trompet
- Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Tibor V Varga
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Digna R Velez Edwards
- Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Tennessee Valley Health Systems VA, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Giovanni Veronesi
- Research Center in Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Stefan Weiss
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine and University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Sara M Willems
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jie Yao
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Robin Young
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Robertson Centre for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Bing Yu
- Human Genetics Center, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Weihua Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital, Middlesex, UK
| | - Jing-Hua Zhao
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
- National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge and Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, UK
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Evangelos Evangelou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina Medical School, Ioannina, Greece
| | | | - Eralda Asllanaj
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Stefan Blankenberg
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Department of General and Interventional Cardiology, University Heart Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
- University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lori L Bonnycastle
- Medical Genomics and Metabolic Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jette Bork-Jensen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ivan Brandslund
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Lillebaelt Hospital, Vejle, Denmark
- Institute of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Peter S Braund
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- National Institute for Health Research Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Leicester, UK
| | - Stephen Burgess
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- MRC Biostatistics Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge and Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, UK
| | - Kelly Cho
- Massachusetts Veterans Epidemiology Research and Information Center (MAVERIC), VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - John Connell
- University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital & Medical School, Dundee, UK
| | - Renée de Mutsert
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Anna F Dominiczak
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK
| | - Marcus Dörr
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | | | - Aliki-Eleni Farmaki
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
- Department of Population Science and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, UK
| | - J Michael Gaziano
- Massachusetts Veterans Epidemiology Research and Information Center (MAVERIC), VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Niels Grarup
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Megan L Grove
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Göran Hallmans
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Torben Hansen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christian T Have
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Gerardo Heiss
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | | | - Pekka Jousilahti
- Department of Public Health Solutions, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Eero Kajantie
- Department of Public Health Solutions, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- PEDEGO Research Unit, MRC Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Helsinki University Central Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mihir Kamat
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge and Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, UK
| | - AnneMari Käräjämäki
- Department of Primary Health Care, Vaasa Central Hospital, Vaasa, Finland
- Diabetes Center, Vaasa Health Care Center, Vaasa, Finland
| | - Fredrik Karpe
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Heikki A Koistinen
- Department of Public Health Solutions, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Medicine, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Csaba P Kovesdy
- Nephrology Section, Memphis VA Medical Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Kari Kuulasmaa
- Department of Public Health Solutions, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tiina Laatikainen
- Department of Public Health Solutions, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Lars Lannfelt
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - I-Te Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, , Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- College of Science, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Jane Lee
- Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Social Work, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Allan Linneberg
- Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lisa W Martin
- George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington DC, USA
| | - Marie Moitry
- Department of Public health, Strasbourg University Hospital, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Girish Nadkarni
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine at Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Matt J Neville
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Colin N A Palmer
- Medical Research Institute, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, Scotland, UK
| | | | - Oluf Pedersen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - James Peters
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Health Data Research UK Cambridge, Wellcome Genome Campus and University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Neil Poulter
- International Centre for Circulatory Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Asif Rasheed
- Centre for Non-Communicable Diseases, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Katrine L Rasmussen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | - N William Rayner
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Reedik Mägi
- Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Frida Renström
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Rainer Rettig
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Institute of Physiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Karlsburg, Germany
| | - Jacques Rossouw
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, NHLBI, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Pamela J Schreiner
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Peter S Sever
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Emil L Sigurdsson
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Development Centre for Primary Health Care in Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Tea Skaaby
- Center for Clinical Research and Disease Prevention, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Yan V Sun
- Department of Epidemiology, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Department of Biomedical Informatics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Johan Sundstrom
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Gudmundur Thorgeirsson
- deCODE genetics/Amgen, Inc, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Landspitali-The National University Hospital of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Tõnu Esko
- Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
- Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Elisabetta Trabetti
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Philip S Tsao
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Tiinamaija Tuomi
- Folkhälsan Research Centre, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Endocrinology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Malmö, Sweden Institute for Molecular Medicine Helsinki (FIMM), Helsinki University, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Stephen T Turner
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Ioanna Tzoulaki
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina Medical School, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Ilonca Vaartjes
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, University of Utrecht, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Center for Circulatory Health, University Medical Center Utrecht, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Anne-Claire Vergnaud
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Cristen J Willer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Peter W F Wilson
- Atlanta VAMC and Emory Clinical Cardiovascular Research Institute, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Daniel R Witte
- Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Danish Diabetes Academy, Odense, Denmark
- Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Ekaterina Yonova-Doing
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - He Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Naheed Aliya
- International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Peter Almgren
- Department of Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Philippe Amouyel
- Univ Lille, U1167 - RID-AGE - Facteurs de Risque et Déterminants Moléculaires des Maladies Liées au Vieillissement, Lille, France
- INSERM, U1167, Lille, France
- CHU Lille, U1167, Lille, France
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1167, Lille, France
| | - Folkert W Asselbergs
- Department of Cardiology, Division Heart & Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science, Faculty of Population Health Sciences, University College London, London, UK
- Health Data Research UK, Institute of Health Informatics, University College London, London, UK
| | - Michael R Barnes
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- National Institute for Health Research Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Centre, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Alexandra I Blakemore
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Health and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, London, UK
- Section of Investigative Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, London, UK
| | - Michael Boehnke
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Michiel L Bots
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, University of Utrecht, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Center for Circulatory Health, University Medical Center Utrecht, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Erwin P Bottinger
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine at Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Julie E Buring
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - John C Chambers
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital, Middlesex, UK
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Yii-Der Ida Chen
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Rajiv Chowdhury
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Centre for Non-communicable Disease Research (CNCR), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - David Conen
- Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Adolfo Correa
- Jackson Heart Study, Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - George Davey Smith
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Rudolf A de Boer
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Cardiology, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Ian J Deary
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - George Dedoussis
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - Panos Deloukas
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- National Institute for Health Research Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Centre, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- Centre for Genomic Health, Life Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- Princess Al-Jawhara Al-Brahim Centre of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders (PACER-HD), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Emanuele Di Angelantonio
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Health Data Research UK Cambridge, Wellcome Genome Campus and University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge and Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, UK
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Blood and Transplant Research Unit (BTRU) in Donor Health and Genomics at the University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Paul Elliott
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Health Data Research UK-London at Imperial College London, London, UK
- UKDRI, Dementia Research Institute at Imperial College London, London, UK
- British Heart Foundation (BHF) Centre of Research Excellence, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Stephan B Felix
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Jean Ferrières
- Department of Cardiology and Department of Epidemiology, INSERM UMR 1027, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France
| | - Ian Ford
- Robertson Centre for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Myriam Fornage
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
- Human Genetics Center, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Paul W Franks
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Public Health & Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Oxford Center for Diabetes, Endocrinology & Metabolism, Radcliff Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Stephen Franks
- Institute of Reproductive & Developmental Biology, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | | | - Giovanni Gambaro
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Tom R Gaunt
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Leif Groop
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Malmö, Sweden
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Helsinki (FIMM), Helsinki University, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Vilmundur Gudnason
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Tamara B Harris
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute of Aging, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Caroline Hayward
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, IGMM, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - Branwen J Hennig
- MRC Unit The Gambia at London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Banjul, Gambia
- Wellcome Trust, London, UK
| | - Karl-Heinz Herzig
- Institute of Biomedicine, Medical Research Center (MRC), University of Oulu, and University Hospital Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Erik Ingelsson
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Jaakko Tuomilehto
- Department of Public Health Solutions, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Saudi Diabetes Research Group, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- National Institute of Public Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marjo-Riitta Järvelin
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Health and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, London, UK
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Unit of Primary Care, Oulu University Hospital, Kajaanintie, Oulu, Finland
- Center for Life-Course Health Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - J Wouter Jukema
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Sharon L R Kardia
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Frank Kee
- Centre for Public Health, Queens University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Jaspal S Kooner
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital, Middlesex, UK
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Charles Kooperberg
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Division of Public Health Sciences, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Lenore J Launer
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute of Aging, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Lars Lind
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ruth J F Loos
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine at Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- The Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Markku Laakso
- Department of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Mark I McCarthy
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals Trust, Oxford, UK
- Genentech, South San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Olle Melander
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Karen L Mohlke
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Alison D Murray
- The Institute of Medical Sciences, Aberdeen Biomedical Imaging Centre, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Børge Grønne Nordestgaard
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | | | | | - Sandosh Padmanabhan
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Walter Palmas
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ozren Polasek
- Department of Public Health, University of Split School of Medicine, Split, Croatia
| | - David J Porteous
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics & Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Andrew M Prentice
- MRC Unit The Gambia at London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Banjul, Gambia
- MRC International Nutrition Group at London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel St, London, UK
| | - Michael A Province
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics and Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Caroline L Relton
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Kenneth Rice
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Paul M Ridker
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Olov Rolandsson
- Department of Public Health & Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Frits R Rosendaal
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Igor Rudan
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - Veikko Salomaa
- Department of Public Health Solutions, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Nilesh J Samani
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- National Institute for Health Research Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Leicester, UK
| | - Naveed Sattar
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK
| | - Wayne H-H Sheu
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Medical Technology, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Blair H Smith
- Division of Population Health and Genomics, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Nicole Soranzo
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Blood and Transplant Research Unit (BTRU) in Donor Health and Genomics at the University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Timothy D Spector
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - John M Starr
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Alzheimer Scotland Research Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Sylvain Sebert
- Center for Life-Course Health Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Kent D Taylor
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Timo A Lakka
- Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
- Institute of Biomedicine/Physiology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Nicholas J Timpson
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Martin D Tobin
- National Institute for Health Research Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Leicester, UK
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Pim van der Harst
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Cardiology, Groningen, the Netherlands
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Genetics, Groningen, the Netherlands
- Durrer Center for Cardiogenetic Research, ICIN-Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Peter van der Meer
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Cardiology, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Vasan S Ramachandran
- Boston University and National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
- Boston University Schools of Medicine and Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Niek Verweij
- University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Jarmo Virtamo
- Department of Public Health Solutions, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Uwe Völker
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine and University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - David R Weir
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Eleftheria Zeggini
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
- Institute of Translational Genomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich and Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany
| | - Fadi J Charchar
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- Health Innovation and Transformation Center, Federation University Australia, Ballarat, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Physiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Nicholas J Wareham
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
| | - Claudia Langenberg
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
| | - Maciej Tomaszewski
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Biology and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Division of Medicine, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Adam S Butterworth
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Health Data Research UK Cambridge, Wellcome Genome Campus and University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge and Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, UK
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Blood and Transplant Research Unit (BTRU) in Donor Health and Genomics at the University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Mark J Caulfield
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- National Institute for Health Research Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Centre, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - John Danesh
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Health Data Research UK Cambridge, Wellcome Genome Campus and University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge and Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, UK
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Blood and Transplant Research Unit (BTRU) in Donor Health and Genomics at the University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Todd L Edwards
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Institute for Medicine and Public Health, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System (626)/Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Hilma Holm
- deCODE genetics/Amgen, Inc, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Adriana M Hung
- VA Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Center for Kidney Disease, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Cecilia M Lindgren
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- The Big Data Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Information and Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Chunyu Liu
- Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alisa K Manning
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Mongan Institute, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andrew P Morris
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Centre for Genetics and Genomics Versus Arthritis, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Alanna C Morrison
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Christopher J O'Donnell
- VA Boston Healthcare, Section of Cardiology and Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Bruce M Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Danish Saleheen
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Center for Non-Communicable Diseases, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Kari Stefansson
- deCODE genetics/Amgen, Inc, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Daniel I Chasman
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Daniel Levy
- Boston University and National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
- Population Sciences, Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Christopher Newton-Cheh
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Patricia B Munroe
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
- National Institute for Health Research Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Centre, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
| | - Joanna M M Howson
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
- National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge and Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, UK.
- Department of Genetics, Novo Nordisk Research Centre Oxford, Oxford, UK.
- Novo Nordisk Research Centre Oxford, Novo Nordisk Ltd, Oxford, UK.
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Paranjpe I, Russak AJ, De Freitas JK, Lala A, Miotto R, Vaid A, Johnson KW, Danieletto M, Golden E, Meyer D, Singh M, Somani S, Kapoor A, O'Hagan R, Manna S, Nangia U, Jaladanki SK, O'Reilly P, Huckins LM, Glowe P, Kia A, Timsina P, Freeman RM, Levin MA, Jhang J, Firpo A, Kovatch P, Finkelstein J, Aberg JA, Bagiella E, Horowitz CR, Murphy B, Fayad ZA, Narula J, Nestler EJ, Fuster V, Cordon-Cardo C, Charney D, Reich DL, Just A, Bottinger EP, Charney AW, Glicksberg BS, Nadkarni GN. Retrospective cohort study of clinical characteristics of 2199 hospitalised patients with COVID-19 in New York City. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e040736. [PMID: 33247020 PMCID: PMC7702220 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-040736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The COVID-19 pandemic is a global public health crisis, with over 33 million cases and 999 000 deaths worldwide. Data are needed regarding the clinical course of hospitalised patients, particularly in the USA. We aimed to compare clinical characteristic of patients with COVID-19 who had in-hospital mortality with those who were discharged alive. DESIGN Demographic, clinical and outcomes data for patients admitted to five Mount Sinai Health System hospitals with confirmed COVID-19 between 27 February and 2 April 2020 were identified through institutional electronic health records. We performed a retrospective comparative analysis of patients who had in-hospital mortality or were discharged alive. SETTING All patients were admitted to the Mount Sinai Health System, a large quaternary care urban hospital system. PARTICIPANTS Participants over the age of 18 years were included. PRIMARY OUTCOMES We investigated in-hospital mortality during the study period. RESULTS A total of 2199 patients with COVID-19 were hospitalised during the study period. As of 2 April, 1121 (51%) patients remained hospitalised, and 1078 (49%) completed their hospital course. Of the latter, the overall mortality was 29%, and 36% required intensive care. The median age was 65 years overall and 75 years in those who died. Pre-existing conditions were present in 65% of those who died and 46% of those discharged. In those who died, the admission median lymphocyte percentage was 11.7%, D-dimer was 2.4 μg/mL, C reactive protein was 162 mg/L and procalcitonin was 0.44 ng/mL. In those discharged, the admission median lymphocyte percentage was 16.6%, D-dimer was 0.93 μg/mL, C reactive protein was 79 mg/L and procalcitonin was 0.09 ng/mL. CONCLUSIONS In our cohort of hospitalised patients, requirement of intensive care and mortality were high. Patients who died typically had more pre-existing conditions and greater perturbations in inflammatory markers as compared with those who were discharged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishan Paranjpe
- The Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Adam J Russak
- The Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jessica K De Freitas
- The Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Anuradha Lala
- The Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Riccardo Miotto
- The Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Akhil Vaid
- The Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Kipp W Johnson
- The Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Matteo Danieletto
- The Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Eddye Golden
- The Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Dara Meyer
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Manbir Singh
- The Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Sulaiman Somani
- The Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Arjun Kapoor
- The Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Ross O'Hagan
- The Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Sayan Manna
- The Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Udit Nangia
- The Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Suraj K Jaladanki
- The Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Paul O'Reilly
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- The Pamela Sklar Division of Psychiatric Genomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Laura M Huckins
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- The Pamela Sklar Division of Psychiatric Genomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Patricia Glowe
- The Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Arash Kia
- Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Institute for Healthcare Delivery Science, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Prem Timsina
- Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Institute for Healthcare Delivery Science, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Robert M Freeman
- Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Institute for Healthcare Delivery Science, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Matthew A Levin
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Institute for Healthcare Delivery Science, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jeffrey Jhang
- Department of Pathology, Molecular and Cell-Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Adolfo Firpo
- Department of Pathology, Molecular and Cell-Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Patricia Kovatch
- Mount Sinai Data Warehouse, Mount Sinai Health System, New York, New York, USA
| | - Joseph Finkelstein
- Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Judith A Aberg
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Department of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Emilia Bagiella
- The Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Carol R Horowitz
- Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Department of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Barbara Murphy
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Department of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Zahi A Fayad
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai BioMedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jagat Narula
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Department of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Cardiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Eric J Nestler
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Friedman Brain Institute, New York, New York, USA
- The Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - V Fuster
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute and Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Center for Cardiovascular Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Carlos Cordon-Cardo
- Department of Pathology, Molecular and Cell-Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Dennis Charney
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Department of Psychiatry, New York, New York, USA
- The Office of the Dean, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - David L Reich
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Department of Anesthesiology Perioperative and Pain Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Allan Just
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, New York, New York, USA
- Institute for Exposomic Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Erwin P Bottinger
- The Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Alexander W Charney
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- The Pamela Sklar Division of Psychiatric Genomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Benjamin S Glicksberg
- The Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- The Pamela Sklar Division of Psychiatric Genomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Girish N Nadkarni
- The Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Department of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
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25
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Vaid A, Somani S, Russak AJ, De Freitas JK, Chaudhry FF, Paranjpe I, Johnson KW, Lee SJ, Miotto R, Richter F, Zhao S, Beckmann ND, Naik N, Kia A, Timsina P, Lala A, Paranjpe M, Golden E, Danieletto M, Singh M, Meyer D, O'Reilly PF, Huckins L, Kovatch P, Finkelstein J, Freeman RM, Argulian E, Kasarskis A, Percha B, Aberg JA, Bagiella E, Horowitz CR, Murphy B, Nestler EJ, Schadt EE, Cho JH, Cordon-Cardo C, Fuster V, Charney DS, Reich DL, Bottinger EP, Levin MA, Narula J, Fayad ZA, Just AC, Charney AW, Nadkarni GN, Glicksberg BS. Machine Learning to Predict Mortality and Critical Events in a Cohort of Patients With COVID-19 in New York City: Model Development and Validation. J Med Internet Res 2020; 22:e24018. [PMID: 33027032 PMCID: PMC7652593 DOI: 10.2196/24018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND COVID-19 has infected millions of people worldwide and is responsible for several hundred thousand fatalities. The COVID-19 pandemic has necessitated thoughtful resource allocation and early identification of high-risk patients. However, effective methods to meet these needs are lacking. OBJECTIVE The aims of this study were to analyze the electronic health records (EHRs) of patients who tested positive for COVID-19 and were admitted to hospitals in the Mount Sinai Health System in New York City; to develop machine learning models for making predictions about the hospital course of the patients over clinically meaningful time horizons based on patient characteristics at admission; and to assess the performance of these models at multiple hospitals and time points. METHODS We used Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) and baseline comparator models to predict in-hospital mortality and critical events at time windows of 3, 5, 7, and 10 days from admission. Our study population included harmonized EHR data from five hospitals in New York City for 4098 COVID-19-positive patients admitted from March 15 to May 22, 2020. The models were first trained on patients from a single hospital (n=1514) before or on May 1, externally validated on patients from four other hospitals (n=2201) before or on May 1, and prospectively validated on all patients after May 1 (n=383). Finally, we established model interpretability to identify and rank variables that drive model predictions. RESULTS Upon cross-validation, the XGBoost classifier outperformed baseline models, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC-ROC) for mortality of 0.89 at 3 days, 0.85 at 5 and 7 days, and 0.84 at 10 days. XGBoost also performed well for critical event prediction, with an AUC-ROC of 0.80 at 3 days, 0.79 at 5 days, 0.80 at 7 days, and 0.81 at 10 days. In external validation, XGBoost achieved an AUC-ROC of 0.88 at 3 days, 0.86 at 5 days, 0.86 at 7 days, and 0.84 at 10 days for mortality prediction. Similarly, the unimputed XGBoost model achieved an AUC-ROC of 0.78 at 3 days, 0.79 at 5 days, 0.80 at 7 days, and 0.81 at 10 days. Trends in performance on prospective validation sets were similar. At 7 days, acute kidney injury on admission, elevated LDH, tachypnea, and hyperglycemia were the strongest drivers of critical event prediction, while higher age, anion gap, and C-reactive protein were the strongest drivers of mortality prediction. CONCLUSIONS We externally and prospectively trained and validated machine learning models for mortality and critical events for patients with COVID-19 at different time horizons. These models identified at-risk patients and uncovered underlying relationships that predicted outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akhil Vaid
- The Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Sulaiman Somani
- The Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Adam J Russak
- The Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Jessica K De Freitas
- The Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Fayzan F Chaudhry
- The Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Ishan Paranjpe
- The Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Kipp W Johnson
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Samuel J Lee
- The Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Riccardo Miotto
- The Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Felix Richter
- The Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Shan Zhao
- The Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Noam D Beckmann
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Nidhi Naik
- The Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Arash Kia
- Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Institute for Healthcare Delivery Science, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Prem Timsina
- Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Institute for Healthcare Delivery Science, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Anuradha Lala
- Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- The Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | | | - Eddye Golden
- The Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Matteo Danieletto
- The Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Manbir Singh
- The Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Dara Meyer
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Paul F O'Reilly
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- The Pamela Sklar Division of Psychiatric Genomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- The Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Laura Huckins
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- The Pamela Sklar Division of Psychiatric Genomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- The Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Patricia Kovatch
- Mount Sinai Data Warehouse, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Joseph Finkelstein
- Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Robert M Freeman
- Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Institute for Healthcare Delivery Science, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Edgar Argulian
- Mount Sinai Heart, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Cardiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Andrew Kasarskis
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Mount Sinai Data Office, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Bethany Percha
- Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Judith A Aberg
- Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Emilia Bagiella
- Institute for Healthcare Delivery Science, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- The Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Carol R Horowitz
- Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Barbara Murphy
- Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Eric J Nestler
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Eric E Schadt
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Judy H Cho
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Carlos Cordon-Cardo
- Department of Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Valentin Fuster
- The Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Mount Sinai Heart, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Cardiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Dennis S Charney
- Office of the Dean, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - David L Reich
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Erwin P Bottinger
- The Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Digital Health Center, Hasso Plattner Institute, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Matthew A Levin
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Jagat Narula
- Mount Sinai Heart, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Cardiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Zahi A Fayad
- BioMedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Allan C Just
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Alexander W Charney
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- The Pamela Sklar Division of Psychiatric Genomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- The Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Girish N Nadkarni
- The Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Benjamin S Glicksberg
- The Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
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26
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Chaudhary K, Vaid A, Duffy Á, Paranjpe I, Jaladanki S, Paranjpe M, Johnson K, Gokhale A, Pattharanitima P, Chauhan K, O'Hagan R, Van Vleck T, Coca SG, Cooper R, Glicksberg B, Bottinger EP, Chan L, Nadkarni GN. Utilization of Deep Learning for Subphenotype Identification in Sepsis-Associated Acute Kidney Injury. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2020; 15:1557-1565. [PMID: 33033164 PMCID: PMC7646246 DOI: 10.2215/cjn.09330819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Sepsis-associated AKI is a heterogeneous clinical entity. We aimed to agnostically identify sepsis-associated AKI subphenotypes using deep learning on routinely collected data in electronic health records. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, & MEASUREMENTS We used the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care III database, which consists of electronic health record data from intensive care units in a tertiary care hospital in the United States. We included patients ≥18 years with sepsis who developed AKI within 48 hours of intensive care unit admission. We then used deep learning to utilize all available vital signs, laboratory measurements, and comorbidities to identify subphenotypes. Outcomes were mortality 28 days after AKI and dialysis requirement. RESULTS We identified 4001 patients with sepsis-associated AKI. We utilized 2546 combined features for K-means clustering, identifying three subphenotypes. Subphenotype 1 had 1443 patients, and subphenotype 2 had 1898 patients, whereas subphenotype 3 had 660 patients. Subphenotype 1 had the lowest proportion of liver disease and lowest Simplified Acute Physiology Score II scores compared with subphenotypes 2 and 3. The proportions of patients with CKD were similar between subphenotypes 1 and 3 (15%) but highest in subphenotype 2 (21%). Subphenotype 1 had lower median bilirubin levels, aspartate aminotransferase, and alanine aminotransferase compared with subphenotypes 2 and 3. Patients in subphenotype 1 also had lower median lactate, lactate dehydrogenase, and white blood cell count than patients in subphenotypes 2 and 3. Subphenotype 1 also had lower creatinine and BUN than subphenotypes 2 and 3. Dialysis requirement was lowest in subphenotype 1 (4% versus 7% [subphenotype 2] versus 26% [subphenotype 3]). The mortality 28 days after AKI was lowest in subphenotype 1 (23% versus 35% [subphenotype 2] versus 49% [subphenotype 3]). After adjustment, the adjusted odds ratio for mortality for subphenotype 3, with subphenotype 1 as a reference, was 1.9 (95% confidence interval, 1.5 to 2.4). CONCLUSIONS Utilizing routinely collected laboratory variables, vital signs, and comorbidities, we were able to identify three distinct subphenotypes of sepsis-associated AKI with differing outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumardeep Chaudhary
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Akhil Vaid
- Hasso Plattner Institute of Digital Health at Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Áine Duffy
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Ishan Paranjpe
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Suraj Jaladanki
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Manish Paranjpe
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Kipp Johnson
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Avantee Gokhale
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Pattharawin Pattharanitima
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Kinsuk Chauhan
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Ross O'Hagan
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Tielman Van Vleck
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Steven G Coca
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Richard Cooper
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Loyola University School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Benjamin Glicksberg
- Hasso Plattner Institute of Digital Health at Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Erwin P Bottinger
- Hasso Plattner Institute of Digital Health at Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Lili Chan
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Girish N Nadkarni
- Hasso Plattner Institute of Digital Health at Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York .,Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
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27
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Somani SS, Richter F, Fuster V, De Freitas JK, Naik N, Sigel K, Bottinger EP, Levin MA, Fayad Z, Just AC, Charney AW, Zhao S, Glicksberg BS, Lala A, Nadkarni GN. Characterization of Patients Who Return to Hospital Following Discharge from Hospitalization for COVID-19. J Gen Intern Med 2020; 35:2838-2844. [PMID: 32815060 PMCID: PMC7437962 DOI: 10.1007/s11606-020-06120-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Data on patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) who return to hospital after discharge are scarce. Characterization of these patients may inform post-hospitalization care. OBJECTIVE To describe clinical characteristics of patients with COVID-19 who returned to the emergency department (ED) or required readmission within 14 days of discharge. DESIGN Retrospective cohort study of SARS-COV-2-positive patients with index hospitalization between February 27 and April 12, 2020, with ≥ 14-day follow-up. Significance was defined as P < 0.05 after multiplying P by 125 study-wide comparisons. PARTICIPANTS Hospitalized patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 discharged alive from five New York City hospitals. MAIN MEASURES Readmission or return to ED following discharge. RESULTS Of 2864 discharged patients, 103 (3.6%) returned for emergency care after a median of 4.5 days, with 56 requiring inpatient readmission. The most common reason for return was respiratory distress (50%). Compared with patients who did not return, there were higher proportions of COPD (6.8% vs 2.9%) and hypertension (36% vs 22.1%) among those who returned. Patients who returned also had a shorter median length of stay (LOS) during index hospitalization (4.5 [2.9,9.1] vs 6.7 [3.5, 11.5] days; Padjusted = 0.006), and were less likely to have required intensive care on index hospitalization (5.8% vs 19%; Padjusted = 0.001). A trend towards association between absence of in-hospital treatment-dose anticoagulation on index admission and return to hospital was also observed (20.9% vs 30.9%, Padjusted = 0.06). On readmission, rates of intensive care and death were 5.8% and 3.6%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Return to hospital after admission for COVID-19 was infrequent within 14 days of discharge. The most common cause for return was respiratory distress. Patients who returned more likely had COPD and hypertension, shorter LOS on index-hospitalization, and lower rates of in-hospital treatment-dose anticoagulation. Future studies should focus on whether these comorbid conditions, longer LOS, and anticoagulation are associated with reduced readmissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sulaiman S Somani
- The Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- The Mount Sinai COVID Informatics Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Felix Richter
- The Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- The Mount Sinai COVID Informatics Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Valentin Fuster
- The Mount Sinai COVID Informatics Center, New York, NY, USA
- The Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jessica K De Freitas
- The Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- The Mount Sinai COVID Informatics Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nidhi Naik
- The Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- The Mount Sinai COVID Informatics Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Keith Sigel
- The Mount Sinai COVID Informatics Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Erwin P Bottinger
- The Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- The Mount Sinai COVID Informatics Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Matthew A Levin
- The Mount Sinai COVID Informatics Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Zahi Fayad
- The Mount Sinai COVID Informatics Center, New York, NY, USA
- The BioMedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Allan C Just
- The Mount Sinai COVID Informatics Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alexander W Charney
- The Mount Sinai COVID Informatics Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- The Pamela Sklar Division of Psychiatric Genomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Shan Zhao
- The Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- The Mount Sinai COVID Informatics Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Benjamin S Glicksberg
- The Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- The Mount Sinai COVID Informatics Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Anuradha Lala
- The Mount Sinai COVID Informatics Center, New York, NY, USA.
- The Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Girish N Nadkarni
- The Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
- The Mount Sinai COVID Informatics Center, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
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28
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Chen MH, Raffield LM, Mousas A, Sakaue S, Huffman JE, Moscati A, Trivedi B, Jiang T, Akbari P, Vuckovic D, Bao EL, Zhong X, Manansala R, Laplante V, Chen M, Lo KS, Qian H, Lareau CA, Beaudoin M, Hunt KA, Akiyama M, Bartz TM, Ben-Shlomo Y, Beswick A, Bork-Jensen J, Bottinger EP, Brody JA, van Rooij FJA, Chitrala K, Cho K, Choquet H, Correa A, Danesh J, Di Angelantonio E, Dimou N, Ding J, Elliott P, Esko T, Evans MK, Floyd JS, Broer L, Grarup N, Guo MH, Greinacher A, Haessler J, Hansen T, Howson JMM, Huang QQ, Huang W, Jorgenson E, Kacprowski T, Kähönen M, Kamatani Y, Kanai M, Karthikeyan S, Koskeridis F, Lange LA, Lehtimäki T, Lerch MM, Linneberg A, Liu Y, Lyytikäinen LP, Manichaikul A, Martin HC, Matsuda K, Mohlke KL, Mononen N, Murakami Y, Nadkarni GN, Nauck M, Nikus K, Ouwehand WH, Pankratz N, Pedersen O, Preuss M, Psaty BM, Raitakari OT, Roberts DJ, Rich SS, Rodriguez BAT, Rosen JD, Rotter JI, Schubert P, Spracklen CN, Surendran P, Tang H, Tardif JC, Trembath RC, Ghanbari M, Völker U, Völzke H, Watkins NA, Zonderman AB, Wilson PWF, Li Y, Butterworth AS, Gauchat JF, Chiang CWK, Li B, Loos RJF, Astle WJ, Evangelou E, van Heel DA, Sankaran VG, Okada Y, Soranzo N, Johnson AD, Reiner AP, Auer PL, Lettre G. Trans-ethnic and Ancestry-Specific Blood-Cell Genetics in 746,667 Individuals from 5 Global Populations. Cell 2020; 182:1198-1213.e14. [PMID: 32888493 PMCID: PMC7480402 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.06.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 275] [Impact Index Per Article: 68.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Most loci identified by GWASs have been found in populations of European ancestry (EUR). In trans-ethnic meta-analyses for 15 hematological traits in 746,667 participants, including 184,535 non-EUR individuals, we identified 5,552 trait-variant associations at p < 5 × 10-9, including 71 novel associations not found in EUR populations. We also identified 28 additional novel variants in ancestry-specific, non-EUR meta-analyses, including an IL7 missense variant in South Asians associated with lymphocyte count in vivo and IL-7 secretion levels in vitro. Fine-mapping prioritized variants annotated as functional and generated 95% credible sets that were 30% smaller when using the trans-ethnic as opposed to the EUR-only results. We explored the clinical significance and predictive value of trans-ethnic variants in multiple populations and compared genetic architecture and the effect of natural selection on these blood phenotypes between populations. Altogether, our results for hematological traits highlight the value of a more global representation of populations in genetic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Huei Chen
- The Framingham Heart Study, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Framingham, MA 01702, USA; Population Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Framingham, MA 01702, USA
| | - Laura M Raffield
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Abdou Mousas
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC H1T 1C8, Canada
| | - Saori Sakaue
- Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
| | - Jennifer E Huffman
- Massachusetts Veterans Epidemiology Research and Information Center (MAVERIC), VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA 02130, USA
| | - Arden Moscati
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Bhavi Trivedi
- Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 2AT, UK
| | - Tao Jiang
- BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Parsa Akbari
- BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK; MRC Biostatistics Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0SR, UK; Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton CB10 1SA, UK; The National Institute for Health Research Blood and Transplant Unit (NIHR BTRU) in Donor Health and Genomics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | | | - Erik L Bao
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital and Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02446, USA
| | - Xue Zhong
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Regina Manansala
- Zilber School of Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53201, USA
| | - Véronique Laplante
- Département de Pharmacologie et Physiologie, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Minhui Chen
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Ken Sin Lo
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC H1T 1C8, Canada
| | - Huijun Qian
- Department of Statistics and Operation Research, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Caleb A Lareau
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital and Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02446, USA
| | | | - Karen A Hunt
- Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 2AT, UK
| | - Masato Akiyama
- Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan; Department of Ocular Pathology and Imaging Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
| | - Traci M Bartz
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Yoav Ben-Shlomo
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2PS, UK
| | - Andrew Beswick
- Translational Health Sciences, Musculoskeletal Research Unit, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS10 5NB, UK
| | - Jette Bork-Jensen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark
| | - Erwin P Bottinger
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Hasso-Plattner-Institut, Universität Potsdam, Potsdam 14469, Germany
| | - Jennifer A Brody
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Frank J A van Rooij
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam 3015, the Netherlands
| | - Kumaraswamynaidu Chitrala
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Science, National Institute on Aging/NIH, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Kelly Cho
- Massachusetts Veterans Epidemiology Research and Information Center (MAVERIC), VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA 02130, USA; Department of Medicine, Division on Aging, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Hélène Choquet
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA 94612, USA
| | - Adolfo Correa
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA
| | - John Danesh
- BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK; Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton CB10 1SA, UK; The National Institute for Health Research Blood and Transplant Unit (NIHR BTRU) in Donor Health and Genomics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; Health Data Research UK Cambridge, Wellcome Genome Campus and University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK; National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Emanuele Di Angelantonio
- BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK; The National Institute for Health Research Blood and Transplant Unit (NIHR BTRU) in Donor Health and Genomics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; Health Data Research UK Cambridge, Wellcome Genome Campus and University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK; National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Niki Dimou
- Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon 69008, France; Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina Medical School, Ioannina 45110, Greece
| | - Jingzhong Ding
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27101, USA
| | - Paul Elliott
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, UK; Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, Imperial College London and Imperial College NHS Healthcare Trust, London SW7 2AZ, UK; Medical Research Council-Public Health England Centre for Environment, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK; UK Dementia Research Institute, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK; Health Data Research UK - London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Tõnu Esko
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02446, USA
| | - Michele K Evans
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Science, National Institute on Aging/NIH, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - James S Floyd
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98101, USA; Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Linda Broer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam 3015, the Netherlands
| | - Niels Grarup
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark
| | - Michael H Guo
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02446, USA; Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Andreas Greinacher
- Institute for Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald 17475, Germany
| | - Jeff Haessler
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Torben Hansen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark
| | - Joanna M M Howson
- BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK; Novo Nordisk Research Centre Oxford, Innovation Building, Old Road Campus, Oxford OX3 7FZ, UK
| | - Qin Qin Huang
- Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Genetics, Shanghai-MOST Key Laboratory of Health and Disease Genomics, Chinese National Human Genome Center and Shanghai Industrial Technology Institute (SITI), Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Eric Jorgenson
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA 94612, USA
| | - Tim Kacprowski
- Interfaculty Institute of Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald 17475, Germany; Chair of Experimental Bioinformatics, Research Group Computational Systems Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Freising-Weihenstephan 85354, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald 17475, Germany
| | - Mika Kähönen
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere 33521, Finland; Department of Clinical Physiology, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center - Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere 33014, Finland
| | - Yoichiro Kamatani
- Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan; Laboratory of Complex Trait Genomics, Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kanai
- Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan; Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Savita Karthikeyan
- BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Fotis Koskeridis
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina Medical School, Ioannina 45110, Greece
| | - Leslie A Lange
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere 33520, Finland; Department of Clinical Chemistry, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center - Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere 33014, Finland
| | - Markus M Lerch
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald 17475, Germany
| | - Allan Linneberg
- Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Frederiksberg 2000, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark
| | - Yongmei Liu
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27701, USA
| | - Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere 33520, Finland; Department of Clinical Chemistry, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center - Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere 33014, Finland
| | - Ani Manichaikul
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
| | - Hilary C Martin
- Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Koichi Matsuda
- Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Karen L Mohlke
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Nina Mononen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere 33520, Finland; Department of Clinical Chemistry, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center - Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere 33014, Finland
| | - Yoshinori Murakami
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Medical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Girish N Nadkarni
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Matthias Nauck
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald 17475, Germany; Institue of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald 17475, Germany
| | - Kjell Nikus
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere 33521, Finland; Department of Cardiology, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center - Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere 33014, Finland
| | - Willem H Ouwehand
- Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton CB10 1SA, UK; British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; Department of Hematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0PT, UK; National Health Service (NHS) Blood and Transplant, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0PT, UK
| | - Nathan Pankratz
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Oluf Pedersen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark
| | - Michael Preuss
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Bruce M Psaty
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98101, USA; Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98101, USA; Department of Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98101, USA; Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Olli T Raitakari
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku 20521, Finland; Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku 20521, Finland; Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku 20521, Finland
| | - David J Roberts
- The National Institute for Health Research Blood and Transplant Unit (NIHR BTRU) in Donor Health and Genomics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; Radcliffe Department of Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK; Department of Haematology, Churchill Hospital, Oxford OX3 7LE, UK; NHS Blood and Transplant - Oxford Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Stephen S Rich
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
| | - Benjamin A T Rodriguez
- The Framingham Heart Study, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Framingham, MA 01702, USA; Population Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Framingham, MA 01702, USA
| | - Jonathan D Rosen
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation (formerly Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute) at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
| | - Petra Schubert
- Massachusetts Veterans Epidemiology Research and Information Center (MAVERIC), VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA 02130, USA
| | - Cassandra N Spracklen
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01002, USA
| | - Praveen Surendran
- BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK; Rutherford Fund Fellow, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Hua Tang
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Jean-Claude Tardif
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC H1T 1C8, Canada; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Richard C Trembath
- School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Mohsen Ghanbari
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam 3015, the Netherlands; Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 9177948564, Iran
| | - Uwe Völker
- Interfaculty Institute of Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald 17475, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald 17475, Germany
| | - Henry Völzke
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald 17475, Germany; Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald 17475, Germany
| | - Nicholas A Watkins
- National Health Service (NHS) Blood and Transplant, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0PT, UK
| | - Alan B Zonderman
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Science, National Institute on Aging/NIH, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | | | - Yun Li
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Department of Computer Science, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Adam S Butterworth
- BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK; The National Institute for Health Research Blood and Transplant Unit (NIHR BTRU) in Donor Health and Genomics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; Health Data Research UK Cambridge, Wellcome Genome Campus and University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Jean-François Gauchat
- Département de Pharmacologie et Physiologie, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Charleston W K Chiang
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA; Quantitative and Computational Biology Section, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Bingshan Li
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Ruth J F Loos
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - William J Astle
- MRC Biostatistics Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0SR, UK; The National Institute for Health Research Blood and Transplant Unit (NIHR BTRU) in Donor Health and Genomics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; NIHR Blood and Transplant Research Unit in Donor Health and Genomics, Strangeways Laboratory, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Evangelos Evangelou
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina Medical School, Ioannina 45110, Greece; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, UK
| | - David A van Heel
- Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 2AT, UK
| | - Vijay G Sankaran
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital and Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02446, USA
| | - Yukinori Okada
- Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; Laboratory of Statistical Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Nicole Soranzo
- Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton CB10 1SA, UK; Department of Hematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0PT, UK
| | - Andrew D Johnson
- The Framingham Heart Study, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Framingham, MA 01702, USA; Population Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Framingham, MA 01702, USA
| | - Alexander P Reiner
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Paul L Auer
- Zilber School of Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53201, USA.
| | - Guillaume Lettre
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC H1T 1C8, Canada; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada.
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29
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Vuckovic D, Bao EL, Akbari P, Lareau CA, Mousas A, Jiang T, Chen MH, Raffield LM, Tardaguila M, Huffman JE, Ritchie SC, Megy K, Ponstingl H, Penkett CJ, Albers PK, Wigdor EM, Sakaue S, Moscati A, Manansala R, Lo KS, Qian H, Akiyama M, Bartz TM, Ben-Shlomo Y, Beswick A, Bork-Jensen J, Bottinger EP, Brody JA, van Rooij FJA, Chitrala KN, Wilson PWF, Choquet H, Danesh J, Di Angelantonio E, Dimou N, Ding J, Elliott P, Esko T, Evans MK, Felix SB, Floyd JS, Broer L, Grarup N, Guo MH, Guo Q, Greinacher A, Haessler J, Hansen T, Howson JMM, Huang W, Jorgenson E, Kacprowski T, Kähönen M, Kamatani Y, Kanai M, Karthikeyan S, Koskeridis F, Lange LA, Lehtimäki T, Linneberg A, Liu Y, Lyytikäinen LP, Manichaikul A, Matsuda K, Mohlke KL, Mononen N, Murakami Y, Nadkarni GN, Nikus K, Pankratz N, Pedersen O, Preuss M, Psaty BM, Raitakari OT, Rich SS, Rodriguez BAT, Rosen JD, Rotter JI, Schubert P, Spracklen CN, Surendran P, Tang H, Tardif JC, Ghanbari M, Völker U, Völzke H, Watkins NA, Weiss S, Cai N, Kundu K, Watt SB, Walter K, Zonderman AB, Cho K, Li Y, Loos RJF, Knight JC, Georges M, Stegle O, Evangelou E, Okada Y, Roberts DJ, Inouye M, Johnson AD, Auer PL, Astle WJ, Reiner AP, Butterworth AS, Ouwehand WH, Lettre G, Sankaran VG, Soranzo N. The Polygenic and Monogenic Basis of Blood Traits and Diseases. Cell 2020; 182:1214-1231.e11. [PMID: 32888494 PMCID: PMC7482360 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 284] [Impact Index Per Article: 71.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Blood cells play essential roles in human health, underpinning physiological processes such as immunity, oxygen transport, and clotting, which when perturbed cause a significant global health burden. Here we integrate data from UK Biobank and a large-scale international collaborative effort, including data for 563,085 European ancestry participants, and discover 5,106 new genetic variants independently associated with 29 blood cell phenotypes covering a range of variation impacting hematopoiesis. We holistically characterize the genetic architecture of hematopoiesis, assess the relevance of the omnigenic model to blood cell phenotypes, delineate relevant hematopoietic cell states influenced by regulatory genetic variants and gene networks, identify novel splice-altering variants mediating the associations, and assess the polygenic prediction potential for blood traits and clinical disorders at the interface of complex and Mendelian genetics. These results show the power of large-scale blood cell trait GWAS to interrogate clinically meaningful variants across a wide allelic spectrum of human variation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dragana Vuckovic
- Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, CB10 1SA, UK; National Institute for Health Research Blood and Transplant Research Unit (NIHR BTRU) in Donor Health and Genomics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Erik L Bao
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital and Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA; Harvard-MIT Health Sciences and Technology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Parsa Akbari
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK; National Institute for Health Research Blood and Transplant Research Unit (NIHR BTRU) in Donor Health and Genomics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK; MRC Biostatistics Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0SR, UK; Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Caleb A Lareau
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital and Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Abdou Mousas
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Quebec, H1T 1C8, Canada
| | - Tao Jiang
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK; National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge and Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Ming-Huei Chen
- The Framingham Heart Study, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Framingham, MA, 01702, USA; Population Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Framingham, MA, 01702, USA
| | - Laura M Raffield
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | | | - Jennifer E Huffman
- Center for Population Genomics, Massachusetts Veterans Epidemiology Research and Information Center (MAVERIC), VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, 02130, USA
| | - Scott C Ritchie
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Cambridge Baker Systems Genomics Initiative, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK; Cambridge Baker Systems Genomics Initiative, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, VIC 3004, Australia; Department of Public Health and Primary Care, British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK; British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK; National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge and Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Karyn Megy
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0PT, UK; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) BioResource, Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, CB2 0PT, UK; National Health Service (NHS) Blood and Transplant, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0PT, UK
| | - Hannes Ponstingl
- Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Christopher J Penkett
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) BioResource, Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, CB2 0PT, UK; Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0PT, UK
| | - Patrick K Albers
- Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Emilie M Wigdor
- Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Saori Sakaue
- Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan; Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Arden Moscati
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Regina Manansala
- Zilber School of Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, 53201, USA
| | - Ken Sin Lo
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Quebec, H1T 1C8, Canada
| | - Huijun Qian
- Department of Statistics and Operation Research, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Masato Akiyama
- Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan; Department of Ocular Pathology and Imaging Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8581, Japan
| | - Traci M Bartz
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA
| | - Yoav Ben-Shlomo
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1QU, UK
| | - Andrew Beswick
- Translational Health Sciences, Musculoskeletal Research Unit, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS10 5NB, UK
| | - Jette Bork-Jensen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2200, Denmark
| | - Erwin P Bottinger
- Hasso-Plattner-Institut, Universität Potsdam, Potsdam, 14469, Germany; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Jennifer A Brody
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA
| | - Frank J A van Rooij
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, 3015 GE, the Netherlands
| | - Kumaraswamy N Chitrala
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Science, National Institute on Aging/NIH, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | | | - Hélène Choquet
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA, 94612, USA
| | - John Danesh
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK; Health Data Research UK Cambridge, Wellcome Genome Campus and University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK; National Institute for Health Research Blood and Transplant Research Unit (NIHR BTRU) in Donor Health and Genomics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK; Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, CB10 1SA, UK; National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge and Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK; British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Emanuele Di Angelantonio
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK; Health Data Research UK Cambridge, Wellcome Genome Campus and University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK; National Institute for Health Research Blood and Transplant Research Unit (NIHR BTRU) in Donor Health and Genomics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK; Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, CB10 1SA, UK; National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge and Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK; British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Niki Dimou
- Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, 69008, France; Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina Medical School, Ioannina, 45110, Greece
| | - Jingzhong Ding
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27101, USA
| | - Paul Elliott
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK; Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, Imperial College London and Imperial College NHS Healthcare Trust, London, W2 1NY, UK; Medical Research Council Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK; UK Dementia Research Institute, Imperial College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK; Health Data Research UK London, London, W2 1PG, UK
| | - Tõnu Esko
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Michele K Evans
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Science, National Institute on Aging/NIH, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Stephan B Felix
- Department of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, 17475, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, 17475, Germany
| | - James S Floyd
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA; Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA
| | - Linda Broer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, 3015 GE, the Netherlands
| | - Niels Grarup
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2200, Denmark
| | - Michael H Guo
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA; Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Qi Guo
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Andreas Greinacher
- Institute for Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, 17475, Germany
| | - Jeff Haessler
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA
| | - Torben Hansen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2200, Denmark
| | - Joanna M M Howson
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK; National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge and Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK; Novo Nordisk Research Centre Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Genetics, Shanghai-MOST Key Laboratory of Health and Disease Genomics, Chinese National Human Genome Center and Shanghai Industrial Technology Institute (SITI), Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Eric Jorgenson
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA, 94612, USA
| | - Tim Kacprowski
- Interfaculty Institute of Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, 17475, Germany; Chair of Experimental Bioinformatics, Research Group Computational Systems Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Freising-Weihenstephan, 85354, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, 17475, Germany
| | - Mika Kähönen
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, 33521, Finland; Department of Clinical Physiology, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center - Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, 33014, Finland
| | - Yoichiro Kamatani
- Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan; Laboratory of Complex Trait Genomics, Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kanai
- Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan; Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Savita Karthikeyan
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Fotios Koskeridis
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina Medical School, Ioannina, 45110, Greece
| | - Leslie A Lange
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, 33520, Finland; Department of Clinical Chemistry, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center - Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, 33014, Finland
| | - Allan Linneberg
- Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Frederiksberg, 2000, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2200, Denmark
| | - Yongmei Liu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27701, USA
| | - Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, 33520, Finland; Department of Clinical Chemistry, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center - Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, 33014, Finland
| | - Ani Manichaikul
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22903, USA
| | - Koichi Matsuda
- Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate school of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
| | - Karen L Mohlke
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Nina Mononen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, 33520, Finland; Department of Clinical Chemistry, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center - Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, 33014, Finland
| | - Yoshinori Murakami
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
| | - Girish N Nadkarni
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Kjell Nikus
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, 33521, Finland; Department of Cardiology, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center - Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, 33014, Finland
| | - Nathan Pankratz
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Oluf Pedersen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2200, Denmark
| | - Michael Preuss
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Bruce M Psaty
- Departments of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA; Department of Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA; Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA
| | - Olli T Raitakari
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, 20521, Finland; Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, 20521, Finland; Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, 20521, Finland
| | - Stephen S Rich
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22903, USA
| | - Benjamin A T Rodriguez
- The Framingham Heart Study, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Framingham, MA, 01702, USA; Population Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Framingham, MA, 01702, USA
| | - Jonathan D Rosen
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- Department of Pediatrics, The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation (formerly Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute) at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, 90502, USA
| | - Petra Schubert
- Massachusetts Veterans Epidemiology Research and Information Center (MAVERIC), VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, 02130, USA
| | - Cassandra N Spracklen
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA; Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Massachusetts-Amherst, Amherst, MA, 01002, USA
| | - Praveen Surendran
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK; British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK; Health Data Research UK Cambridge, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, CB10 1SA, UK; Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Rutherford Fund Fellow, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Hua Tang
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Jean-Claude Tardif
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Quebec, H1T 1C8, Canada; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Mohsen Ghanbari
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, 3015 GE, the Netherlands; Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, 9177948564, Iran
| | - Uwe Völker
- Interfaculty Institute of Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, 17475, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, 17475, Germany
| | - Henry Völzke
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, 17475, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, 17475, Germany
| | - Nicholas A Watkins
- National Health Service (NHS) Blood and Transplant, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0PT, UK
| | - Stefan Weiss
- Interfaculty Institute of Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, 17475, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, 17475, Germany
| | - Na Cai
- Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Kousik Kundu
- Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, CB10 1SA, UK; Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0PT, UK
| | - Stephen B Watt
- Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Klaudia Walter
- Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Alan B Zonderman
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Science, National Institute on Aging/NIH, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Kelly Cho
- Massachusetts Veterans Epidemiology Research and Information Center (MAVERIC), VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, 02130, USA; Department of Medicine, Division on Aging, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Yun Li
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA; Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA; Department of Computer Science, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Ruth J F Loos
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Julian C Knight
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Michel Georges
- Unit of Animal Genomics, GIGA-R & Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, Liège, B-4000, Belgium
| | - Oliver Stegle
- European Bioinformatics Institute, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Hinxton, CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Evangelos Evangelou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK; Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina Medical School, Ioannina, 45110, Greece
| | - Yukinori Okada
- Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan; Laboratory of Statistical Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - David J Roberts
- BRC Haematology Theme and Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK; NHSBT Blood and Transplant - Oxford Center, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9BQ, UK
| | - Michael Inouye
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Cambridge Baker Systems Genomics Initiative, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK; Cambridge Baker Systems Genomics Initiative, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, VIC 3004, Australia; Department of Public Health and Primary Care, British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK; British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK; National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge and Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK; Health Data Research UK Cambridge, Wellcome Genome Campus and University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK; The Alan Turing Institute, London, NW1 2DB, UK
| | - Andrew D Johnson
- The Framingham Heart Study, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Framingham, MA, 01702, USA; Population Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Framingham, MA, 01702, USA
| | - Paul L Auer
- Zilber School of Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, 53201, USA
| | - William J Astle
- MRC Biostatistics Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0SR, UK; National Institute for Health Research Blood and Transplant Research Unit (NIHR BTRU) in Donor Health and Genomics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK; National Health Service (NHS) Blood and Transplant, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0PT, UK
| | - Alexander P Reiner
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Adam S Butterworth
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK; Health Data Research UK Cambridge, Wellcome Genome Campus and University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK; National Institute for Health Research Blood and Transplant Research Unit (NIHR BTRU) in Donor Health and Genomics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK; Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, CB10 1SA, UK; National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge and Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK; British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Willem H Ouwehand
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0PT, UK; National Health Service (NHS) Blood and Transplant, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0PT, UK; Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, CB10 1SA, UK; National Institute for Health Research Blood and Transplant Research Unit (NIHR BTRU) in Donor Health and Genomics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK; British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Guillaume Lettre
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Quebec, H1T 1C8, Canada; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Vijay G Sankaran
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital and Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA.
| | - Nicole Soranzo
- Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, CB10 1SA, UK; National Institute for Health Research Blood and Transplant Research Unit (NIHR BTRU) in Donor Health and Genomics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK; British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK; Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0PT, UK.
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Vuckovic D, Bao EL, Akbari P, Lareau CA, Mousas A, Jiang T, Chen MH, Raffield LM, Tardaguila M, Huffman JE, Ritchie SC, Megy K, Ponstingl H, Penkett CJ, Albers PK, Wigdor EM, Sakaue S, Moscati A, Manansala R, Lo KS, Qian H, Akiyama M, Bartz TM, Ben-Shlomo Y, Beswick A, Bork-Jensen J, Bottinger EP, Brody JA, van Rooij FJA, Chitrala KN, Wilson PWF, Choquet H, Danesh J, Di Angelantonio E, Dimou N, Ding J, Elliott P, Esko T, Evans MK, Felix SB, Floyd JS, Broer L, Grarup N, Guo MH, Guo Q, Greinacher A, Haessler J, Hansen T, Howson JMM, Huang W, Jorgenson E, Kacprowski T, Kähönen M, Kamatani Y, Kanai M, Karthikeyan S, Koskeridis F, Lange LA, Lehtimäki T, Linneberg A, Liu Y, Lyytikäinen LP, Manichaikul A, Matsuda K, Mohlke KL, Mononen N, Murakami Y, Nadkarni GN, Nikus K, Pankratz N, Pedersen O, Preuss M, Psaty BM, Raitakari OT, Rich SS, Rodriguez BAT, Rosen JD, Rotter JI, Schubert P, Spracklen CN, Surendran P, Tang H, Tardif JC, Ghanbari M, Völker U, Völzke H, Watkins NA, Weiss S, Cai N, Kundu K, Watt SB, Walter K, Zonderman AB, Cho K, Li Y, Loos RJF, Knight JC, Georges M, Stegle O, Evangelou E, Okada Y, Roberts DJ, Inouye M, Johnson AD, Auer PL, Astle WJ, Reiner AP, Butterworth AS, Ouwehand WH, Lettre G, Sankaran VG, Soranzo N. The Polygenic and Monogenic Basis of Blood Traits and Diseases. Cell 2020. [PMID: 32888494 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.08.008ll] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
Blood cells play essential roles in human health, underpinning physiological processes such as immunity, oxygen transport, and clotting, which when perturbed cause a significant global health burden. Here we integrate data from UK Biobank and a large-scale international collaborative effort, including data for 563,085 European ancestry participants, and discover 5,106 new genetic variants independently associated with 29 blood cell phenotypes covering a range of variation impacting hematopoiesis. We holistically characterize the genetic architecture of hematopoiesis, assess the relevance of the omnigenic model to blood cell phenotypes, delineate relevant hematopoietic cell states influenced by regulatory genetic variants and gene networks, identify novel splice-altering variants mediating the associations, and assess the polygenic prediction potential for blood traits and clinical disorders at the interface of complex and Mendelian genetics. These results show the power of large-scale blood cell trait GWAS to interrogate clinically meaningful variants across a wide allelic spectrum of human variation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dragana Vuckovic
- Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, CB10 1SA, UK; National Institute for Health Research Blood and Transplant Research Unit (NIHR BTRU) in Donor Health and Genomics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Erik L Bao
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital and Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA; Harvard-MIT Health Sciences and Technology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Parsa Akbari
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK; National Institute for Health Research Blood and Transplant Research Unit (NIHR BTRU) in Donor Health and Genomics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK; MRC Biostatistics Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0SR, UK; Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Caleb A Lareau
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital and Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Abdou Mousas
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Quebec, H1T 1C8, Canada
| | - Tao Jiang
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK; National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge and Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Ming-Huei Chen
- The Framingham Heart Study, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Framingham, MA, 01702, USA; Population Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Framingham, MA, 01702, USA
| | - Laura M Raffield
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | | | - Jennifer E Huffman
- Center for Population Genomics, Massachusetts Veterans Epidemiology Research and Information Center (MAVERIC), VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, 02130, USA
| | - Scott C Ritchie
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Cambridge Baker Systems Genomics Initiative, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK; Cambridge Baker Systems Genomics Initiative, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, VIC 3004, Australia; Department of Public Health and Primary Care, British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK; British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK; National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge and Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Karyn Megy
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0PT, UK; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) BioResource, Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, CB2 0PT, UK; National Health Service (NHS) Blood and Transplant, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0PT, UK
| | - Hannes Ponstingl
- Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Christopher J Penkett
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) BioResource, Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, CB2 0PT, UK; Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0PT, UK
| | - Patrick K Albers
- Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Emilie M Wigdor
- Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Saori Sakaue
- Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan; Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Arden Moscati
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Regina Manansala
- Zilber School of Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, 53201, USA
| | - Ken Sin Lo
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Quebec, H1T 1C8, Canada
| | - Huijun Qian
- Department of Statistics and Operation Research, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Masato Akiyama
- Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan; Department of Ocular Pathology and Imaging Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8581, Japan
| | - Traci M Bartz
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA
| | - Yoav Ben-Shlomo
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1QU, UK
| | - Andrew Beswick
- Translational Health Sciences, Musculoskeletal Research Unit, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS10 5NB, UK
| | - Jette Bork-Jensen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2200, Denmark
| | - Erwin P Bottinger
- Hasso-Plattner-Institut, Universität Potsdam, Potsdam, 14469, Germany; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Jennifer A Brody
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA
| | - Frank J A van Rooij
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, 3015 GE, the Netherlands
| | - Kumaraswamy N Chitrala
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Science, National Institute on Aging/NIH, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | | | - Hélène Choquet
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA, 94612, USA
| | - John Danesh
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK; Health Data Research UK Cambridge, Wellcome Genome Campus and University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK; National Institute for Health Research Blood and Transplant Research Unit (NIHR BTRU) in Donor Health and Genomics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK; Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, CB10 1SA, UK; National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge and Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK; British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Emanuele Di Angelantonio
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK; Health Data Research UK Cambridge, Wellcome Genome Campus and University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK; National Institute for Health Research Blood and Transplant Research Unit (NIHR BTRU) in Donor Health and Genomics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK; Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, CB10 1SA, UK; National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge and Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK; British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Niki Dimou
- Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, 69008, France; Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina Medical School, Ioannina, 45110, Greece
| | - Jingzhong Ding
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27101, USA
| | - Paul Elliott
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK; Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, Imperial College London and Imperial College NHS Healthcare Trust, London, W2 1NY, UK; Medical Research Council Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK; UK Dementia Research Institute, Imperial College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK; Health Data Research UK London, London, W2 1PG, UK
| | - Tõnu Esko
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Michele K Evans
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Science, National Institute on Aging/NIH, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Stephan B Felix
- Department of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, 17475, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, 17475, Germany
| | - James S Floyd
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA; Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA
| | - Linda Broer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, 3015 GE, the Netherlands
| | - Niels Grarup
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2200, Denmark
| | - Michael H Guo
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA; Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Qi Guo
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Andreas Greinacher
- Institute for Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, 17475, Germany
| | - Jeff Haessler
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA
| | - Torben Hansen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2200, Denmark
| | - Joanna M M Howson
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK; National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge and Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK; Novo Nordisk Research Centre Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Genetics, Shanghai-MOST Key Laboratory of Health and Disease Genomics, Chinese National Human Genome Center and Shanghai Industrial Technology Institute (SITI), Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Eric Jorgenson
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA, 94612, USA
| | - Tim Kacprowski
- Interfaculty Institute of Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, 17475, Germany; Chair of Experimental Bioinformatics, Research Group Computational Systems Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Freising-Weihenstephan, 85354, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, 17475, Germany
| | - Mika Kähönen
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, 33521, Finland; Department of Clinical Physiology, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center - Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, 33014, Finland
| | - Yoichiro Kamatani
- Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan; Laboratory of Complex Trait Genomics, Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kanai
- Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan; Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Savita Karthikeyan
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Fotios Koskeridis
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina Medical School, Ioannina, 45110, Greece
| | - Leslie A Lange
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, 33520, Finland; Department of Clinical Chemistry, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center - Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, 33014, Finland
| | - Allan Linneberg
- Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Frederiksberg, 2000, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2200, Denmark
| | - Yongmei Liu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27701, USA
| | - Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, 33520, Finland; Department of Clinical Chemistry, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center - Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, 33014, Finland
| | - Ani Manichaikul
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22903, USA
| | - Koichi Matsuda
- Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate school of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
| | - Karen L Mohlke
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Nina Mononen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, 33520, Finland; Department of Clinical Chemistry, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center - Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, 33014, Finland
| | - Yoshinori Murakami
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
| | - Girish N Nadkarni
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Kjell Nikus
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, 33521, Finland; Department of Cardiology, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center - Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, 33014, Finland
| | - Nathan Pankratz
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Oluf Pedersen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2200, Denmark
| | - Michael Preuss
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Bruce M Psaty
- Departments of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA; Department of Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA; Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA
| | - Olli T Raitakari
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, 20521, Finland; Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, 20521, Finland; Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, 20521, Finland
| | - Stephen S Rich
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22903, USA
| | - Benjamin A T Rodriguez
- The Framingham Heart Study, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Framingham, MA, 01702, USA; Population Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Framingham, MA, 01702, USA
| | - Jonathan D Rosen
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- Department of Pediatrics, The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation (formerly Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute) at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, 90502, USA
| | - Petra Schubert
- Massachusetts Veterans Epidemiology Research and Information Center (MAVERIC), VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, 02130, USA
| | - Cassandra N Spracklen
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA; Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Massachusetts-Amherst, Amherst, MA, 01002, USA
| | - Praveen Surendran
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK; British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK; Health Data Research UK Cambridge, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, CB10 1SA, UK; Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Rutherford Fund Fellow, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Hua Tang
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Jean-Claude Tardif
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Quebec, H1T 1C8, Canada; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Mohsen Ghanbari
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, 3015 GE, the Netherlands; Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, 9177948564, Iran
| | - Uwe Völker
- Interfaculty Institute of Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, 17475, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, 17475, Germany
| | - Henry Völzke
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, 17475, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, 17475, Germany
| | - Nicholas A Watkins
- National Health Service (NHS) Blood and Transplant, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0PT, UK
| | - Stefan Weiss
- Interfaculty Institute of Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, 17475, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, 17475, Germany
| | - Na Cai
- Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Kousik Kundu
- Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, CB10 1SA, UK; Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0PT, UK
| | - Stephen B Watt
- Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Klaudia Walter
- Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Alan B Zonderman
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Science, National Institute on Aging/NIH, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Kelly Cho
- Massachusetts Veterans Epidemiology Research and Information Center (MAVERIC), VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, 02130, USA; Department of Medicine, Division on Aging, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Yun Li
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA; Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA; Department of Computer Science, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Ruth J F Loos
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Julian C Knight
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Michel Georges
- Unit of Animal Genomics, GIGA-R & Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, Liège, B-4000, Belgium
| | - Oliver Stegle
- European Bioinformatics Institute, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Hinxton, CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Evangelos Evangelou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK; Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina Medical School, Ioannina, 45110, Greece
| | - Yukinori Okada
- Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan; Laboratory of Statistical Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - David J Roberts
- BRC Haematology Theme and Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK; NHSBT Blood and Transplant - Oxford Center, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9BQ, UK
| | - Michael Inouye
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Cambridge Baker Systems Genomics Initiative, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK; Cambridge Baker Systems Genomics Initiative, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, VIC 3004, Australia; Department of Public Health and Primary Care, British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK; British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK; National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge and Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK; Health Data Research UK Cambridge, Wellcome Genome Campus and University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK; The Alan Turing Institute, London, NW1 2DB, UK
| | - Andrew D Johnson
- The Framingham Heart Study, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Framingham, MA, 01702, USA; Population Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Framingham, MA, 01702, USA
| | - Paul L Auer
- Zilber School of Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, 53201, USA
| | - William J Astle
- MRC Biostatistics Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0SR, UK; National Institute for Health Research Blood and Transplant Research Unit (NIHR BTRU) in Donor Health and Genomics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK; National Health Service (NHS) Blood and Transplant, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0PT, UK
| | - Alexander P Reiner
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Adam S Butterworth
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK; Health Data Research UK Cambridge, Wellcome Genome Campus and University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK; National Institute for Health Research Blood and Transplant Research Unit (NIHR BTRU) in Donor Health and Genomics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK; Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, CB10 1SA, UK; National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge and Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK; British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Willem H Ouwehand
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0PT, UK; National Health Service (NHS) Blood and Transplant, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0PT, UK; Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, CB10 1SA, UK; National Institute for Health Research Blood and Transplant Research Unit (NIHR BTRU) in Donor Health and Genomics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK; British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Guillaume Lettre
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Quebec, H1T 1C8, Canada; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Vijay G Sankaran
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital and Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA.
| | - Nicole Soranzo
- Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, CB10 1SA, UK; National Institute for Health Research Blood and Transplant Research Unit (NIHR BTRU) in Donor Health and Genomics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK; British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK; Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0PT, UK.
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Ntalla I, Weng LC, Cartwright JH, Hall AW, Sveinbjornsson G, Tucker NR, Choi SH, Chaffin MD, Roselli C, Barnes MR, Mifsud B, Warren HR, Hayward C, Marten J, Cranley JJ, Concas MP, Gasparini P, Boutin T, Kolcic I, Polasek O, Rudan I, Araujo NM, Lima-Costa MF, Ribeiro ALP, Souza RP, Tarazona-Santos E, Giedraitis V, Ingelsson E, Mahajan A, Morris AP, Del Greco M F, Foco L, Gögele M, Hicks AA, Cook JP, Lind L, Lindgren CM, Sundström J, Nelson CP, Riaz MB, Samani NJ, Sinagra G, Ulivi S, Kähönen M, Mishra PP, Mononen N, Nikus K, Caulfield MJ, Dominiczak A, Padmanabhan S, Montasser ME, O'Connell JR, Ryan K, Shuldiner AR, Aeschbacher S, Conen D, Risch L, Thériault S, Hutri-Kähönen N, Lehtimäki T, Lyytikäinen LP, Raitakari OT, Barnes CLK, Campbell H, Joshi PK, Wilson JF, Isaacs A, Kors JA, van Duijn CM, Huang PL, Gudnason V, Harris TB, Launer LJ, Smith AV, Bottinger EP, Loos RJF, Nadkarni GN, Preuss MH, Correa A, Mei H, Wilson J, Meitinger T, Müller-Nurasyid M, Peters A, Waldenberger M, Mangino M, Spector TD, Rienstra M, van de Vegte YJ, van der Harst P, Verweij N, Kääb S, Schramm K, Sinner MF, Strauch K, Cutler MJ, Fatkin D, London B, Olesen M, Roden DM, Benjamin Shoemaker M, Gustav Smith J, Biggs ML, Bis JC, Brody JA, Psaty BM, Rice K, Sotoodehnia N, De Grandi A, Fuchsberger C, Pattaro C, Pramstaller PP, Ford I, Wouter Jukema J, Macfarlane PW, Trompet S, Dörr M, Felix SB, Völker U, Weiss S, Havulinna AS, Jula A, Sääksjärvi K, Salomaa V, Guo X, Heckbert SR, Lin HJ, Rotter JI, Taylor KD, Yao J, de Mutsert R, Maan AC, Mook-Kanamori DO, Noordam R, Cucca F, Ding J, Lakatta EG, Qian Y, Tarasov KV, Levy D, Lin H, Newton-Cheh CH, Lunetta KL, Murray AD, Porteous DJ, Smith BH, Stricker BH, Uitterlinden A, van den Berg ME, Haessler J, Jackson RD, Kooperberg C, Peters U, Reiner AP, Whitsel EA, Alonso A, Arking DE, Boerwinkle E, Ehret GB, Soliman EZ, Avery CL, Gogarten SM, Kerr KF, Laurie CC, Seyerle AA, Stilp A, Assa S, Abdullah Said M, Yldau van der Ende M, Lambiase PD, Orini M, Ramirez J, Van Duijvenboden S, Arnar DO, Gudbjartsson DF, Holm H, Sulem P, Thorleifsson G, Thorolfsdottir RB, Thorsteinsdottir U, Benjamin EJ, Tinker A, Stefansson K, Ellinor PT, Jamshidi Y, Lubitz SA, Munroe PB. Multi-ancestry GWAS of the electrocardiographic PR interval identifies 202 loci underlying cardiac conduction. Nat Commun 2020; 11:2542. [PMID: 32439900 PMCID: PMC7242331 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-15706-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The electrocardiographic PR interval reflects atrioventricular conduction, and is associated with conduction abnormalities, pacemaker implantation, atrial fibrillation (AF), and cardiovascular mortality. Here we report a multi-ancestry (N = 293,051) genome-wide association meta-analysis for the PR interval, discovering 202 loci of which 141 have not previously been reported. Variants at identified loci increase the percentage of heritability explained, from 33.5% to 62.6%. We observe enrichment for cardiac muscle developmental/contractile and cytoskeletal genes, highlighting key regulation processes for atrioventricular conduction. Additionally, 8 loci not previously reported harbor genes underlying inherited arrhythmic syndromes and/or cardiomyopathies suggesting a role for these genes in cardiovascular pathology in the general population. We show that polygenic predisposition to PR interval duration is an endophenotype for cardiovascular disease, including distal conduction disease, AF, and atrioventricular pre-excitation. These findings advance our understanding of the polygenic basis of cardiac conduction, and the genetic relationship between PR interval duration and cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioanna Ntalla
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Lu-Chen Weng
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - James H Cartwright
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Amelia Weber Hall
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - Nathan R Tucker
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Seung Hoan Choi
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Mark D Chaffin
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Carolina Roselli
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Michael R Barnes
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- National Institute for Health Research, Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Centre, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Borbala Mifsud
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Education City, Doha, Qatar
| | - Helen R Warren
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- National Institute for Health Research, Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Centre, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Caroline Hayward
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Jonathan Marten
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - James J Cranley
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Maria Pina Concas
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS 'Burlo Garofolo', Trieste, Italy
| | - Paolo Gasparini
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS 'Burlo Garofolo', Trieste, Italy
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Science, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Thibaud Boutin
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Ivana Kolcic
- University of Split School of Medicine, Split, Croatia
| | - Ozren Polasek
- University of Split School of Medicine, Split, Croatia
- Clinical Hospital Centre Split, Split, Croatia
- Psychiatric Hospital Sveti Ivan, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Igor Rudan
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Nathalia M Araujo
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Antonio Luiz P Ribeiro
- Hospital das Clínicas e Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Renan P Souza
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Tarazona-Santos
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Erik Ingelsson
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Anubha Mahajan
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Andrew P Morris
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
- Division of Musculoskeletal and Dermatological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Fabiola Del Greco M
- Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research, Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Luisa Foco
- Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research, Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Martin Gögele
- Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research, Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Andrew A Hicks
- Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research, Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Bolzano, Italy
| | - James P Cook
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Lars Lind
- Medical Sciences, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Cecilia M Lindgren
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Information and Discovery, Big Data Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, The Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Johan Sundström
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Christopher P Nelson
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Cardiovascular Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Groby Road, Leicester, UK
| | - Muhammad B Riaz
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Cardiovascular Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Groby Road, Leicester, UK
| | - Nilesh J Samani
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Cardiovascular Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Groby Road, Leicester, UK
| | - Gianfranco Sinagra
- Cardiovascular Department, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Sheila Ulivi
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS 'Burlo Garofolo', Trieste, Italy
| | - Mika Kähönen
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Pashupati P Mishra
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Nina Mononen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Kjell Nikus
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Cardiology, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Mark J Caulfield
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- National Institute for Health Research, Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Centre, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Anna Dominiczak
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Sandosh Padmanabhan
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - May E Montasser
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jeff R O'Connell
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kathleen Ryan
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Alan R Shuldiner
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - David Conen
- Cardiology Division, University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
- Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Lorenz Risch
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, Inselspital Bern, University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Labormedizinisches Zentrum Dr. Risch, Vaduz, Liechtenstein
- Private University of the Principality of Liechtenstein, Triesen, Liechtenstein
| | - Sébastien Thériault
- Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Department of Molecular Biology, Medical Biochemistry and Pathology, Laval University, Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - Nina Hutri-Kähönen
- Department of Pediatrics, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Olli T Raitakari
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Catriona L K Barnes
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Harry Campbell
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Peter K Joshi
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - James F Wilson
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Aaron Isaacs
- CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht Center for Systems Biology (MaCSBio), Department of Biochemistry, and Department of Physiology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Jan A Kors
- Department of Medical Informatics Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Cornelia M van Duijn
- Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Paul L Huang
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Vilmundur Gudnason
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Tamara B Harris
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Lenore J Launer
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Albert V Smith
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
- School of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Erwin P Bottinger
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ruth J F Loos
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- The Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Girish N Nadkarni
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Michael H Preuss
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Adolfo Correa
- Jackson Heart Study, Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Hao Mei
- Department of Data Science, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - James Wilson
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Thomas Meitinger
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Martina Müller-Nurasyid
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- IBE, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine I (Cardiology), Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Annette Peters
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Melanie Waldenberger
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Massimo Mangino
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, Kings College London, London, UK
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's and St Thomas' Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Timothy D Spector
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, Kings College London, London, UK
| | - Michiel Rienstra
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Yordi J van de Vegte
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Pim van der Harst
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Niek Verweij
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Genomics plc, Oxford, UK
| | - Stefan Kääb
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine I (Cardiology), Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Katharina Schramm
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine I (Cardiology), Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Moritz F Sinner
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine I (Cardiology), Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Konstantin Strauch
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- IBE, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Michael J Cutler
- Intermountain Heart Institute, Intermountain Medical Center, Murray, UT, USA
| | - Diane Fatkin
- Molecular Cardiology and Biophysics Division, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
- Cardiology Department, St. Vincent's Hospital, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
- St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia
| | - Barry London
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Morten Olesen
- Laboratory for Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, The Heart Centre, Rigshospitalet, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Dan M Roden
- Departments of Medicine, Pharmacology, and Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - M Benjamin Shoemaker
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - J Gustav Smith
- Department of Cardiology, Clinical Sciences, Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine, Lund University Diabetes Center, Lund University and Skane University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Mary L Biggs
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Joshua C Bis
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jennifer A Brody
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Bruce M Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Kenneth Rice
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Nona Sotoodehnia
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Cardiology Division, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Alessandro De Grandi
- Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research, Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Christian Fuchsberger
- Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research, Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Cristian Pattaro
- Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research, Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Peter P Pramstaller
- Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research, Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Ian Ford
- Robertson Center for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - J Wouter Jukema
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Peter W Macfarlane
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Stella Trompet
- Department of Internal Medicine, section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Marcus Dörr
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Greifswald, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine B - Cardiology, Pneumology, Infectious Diseases, Intensive Care Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Stephan B Felix
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Greifswald, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine B - Cardiology, Pneumology, Infectious Diseases, Intensive Care Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Uwe Völker
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Greifswald, Germany
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics; Department of Functional Genomics; University Medicine and University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Stefan Weiss
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Greifswald, Germany
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics; Department of Functional Genomics; University Medicine and University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Aki S Havulinna
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Antti Jula
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Veikko Salomaa
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Xiuqing Guo
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences and Department of Pediatrics, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Susan R Heckbert
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit and Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Henry J Lin
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences and Department of Pediatrics, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences and Department of Pediatrics, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Kent D Taylor
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences and Department of Pediatrics, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Jie Yao
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Renée de Mutsert
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Arie C Maan
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Dennis O Mook-Kanamori
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Raymond Noordam
- Department of Internal Medicine, section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Francesco Cucca
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Jun Ding
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, NIA/NIH, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Edward G Lakatta
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, NIA/NIH, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yong Qian
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, NIA/NIH, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kirill V Tarasov
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, NIA/NIH, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Daniel Levy
- Population Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
- National Heart Lung and Blood Institute's and Boston University's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
| | - Honghuang Lin
- National Heart Lung and Blood Institute's and Boston University's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
- Section of Computational Biomedicine, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Christopher H Newton-Cheh
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Center for Human Genetic Research and Cardiovascular Research Center, Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kathryn L Lunetta
- National Heart Lung and Blood Institute's and Boston University's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alison D Murray
- The Institute of Medical Sciences, Aberdeen Biomedical Imaging Centre, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - David J Porteous
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics & Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Blair H Smith
- Division of Population Health and Genomics, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Bruno H Stricker
- Department of Epidemiology Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - André Uitterlinden
- Human Genotyping Facility Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marten E van den Berg
- Department of Epidemiology Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jeffrey Haessler
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Division of Public Health Sciences, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Rebecca D Jackson
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Charles Kooperberg
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Division of Public Health Sciences, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ulrike Peters
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Division of Public Health Sciences, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Alexander P Reiner
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Division of Public Health Sciences, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Eric A Whitsel
- Departments of Epidemiology and Medicine, Gillings School of Global Public Health and School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Alvaro Alonso
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Dan E Arking
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Human Genetics Center, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Georg B Ehret
- Cardiology, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Elsayed Z Soliman
- Epidemiological Cardiology Research Center, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Christy L Avery
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | | | - Kathleen F Kerr
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Cathy C Laurie
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Amanda A Seyerle
- Division of Pharmaceutical Outcomes and Policy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Adrienne Stilp
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Solmaz Assa
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - M Abdullah Said
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - M Yldau van der Ende
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Pier D Lambiase
- Barts Heart Centre, St Bartholomews Hospital, London, UK
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, UK
| | - Michele Orini
- Barts Heart Centre, St Bartholomews Hospital, London, UK
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University College London, London, UK
| | - Julia Ramirez
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, UK
| | - Stefan Van Duijvenboden
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, UK
| | - David O Arnar
- deCODE genetics/Amgen, Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Department of Medicine, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Daniel F Gudbjartsson
- deCODE genetics/Amgen, Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland
- School of Engineering and Natural Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Hilma Holm
- deCODE genetics/Amgen, Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland
| | | | | | - Rosa B Thorolfsdottir
- deCODE genetics/Amgen, Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Unnur Thorsteinsdottir
- deCODE genetics/Amgen, Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Emelia J Benjamin
- National Heart Lung and Blood Institute's and Boston University's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine and Section of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andrew Tinker
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- National Institute for Health Research, Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Centre, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Kari Stefansson
- deCODE genetics/Amgen, Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Patrick T Ellinor
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Cardiac Arrhythmia Service, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yalda Jamshidi
- Genetics Research Centre, Molecular and Clinical Sciences Institute, St George's, University of London, London, UK
| | - Steven A Lubitz
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Cardiac Arrhythmia Service, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Patricia B Munroe
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
- National Institute for Health Research, Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Centre, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
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Chan L, Chaudhary K, Saha A, Chauhan K, Vaid A, Baweja M, Campbell K, Chun N, Chung M, Deshpande P, Farouk SS, Kaufman L, Kim T, Koncicki H, Lapsia V, Leisman S, Lu E, Meliambro K, Menon MC, Rein JL, Sharma S, Tokita J, Uribarri J, Vassalotti JA, Winston J, Mathews KS, Zhao S, Paranjpe I, Somani S, Richter F, Do R, Miotto R, Lala A, Kia A, Timsina P, Li L, Danieletto M, Golden E, Glowe P, Zweig M, Singh M, Freeman R, Chen R, Nestler E, Narula J, Just AC, Horowitz C, Aberg J, Loos RJF, Cho J, Fayad Z, Cordon-Cardo C, Schadt E, Levin MA, Reich DL, Fuster V, Murphy B, He JC, Charney AW, Bottinger EP, Glicksberg BS, Coca SG, Nadkarni GN. Acute Kidney Injury in Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19. medRxiv 2020. [PMID: 32511564 DOI: 10.1101/2020.05.04.20090944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Preliminary reports indicate that acute kidney injury (AKI) is common in coronavirus disease (COVID)-19 patients and is associated with worse outcomes. AKI in hospitalized COVID-19 patients in the United States is not well-described. OBJECTIVE To provide information about frequency, outcomes and recovery associated with AKI and dialysis in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. DESIGN Observational, retrospective study. SETTING Admitted to hospital between February 27 and April 15, 2020. PARTICIPANTS Patients aged ≥18 years with laboratory confirmed COVID-19 Exposures: AKI (peak serum creatinine increase of 0.3 mg/dL or 50% above baseline). Main Outcomes and Measures: Frequency of AKI and dialysis requirement, AKI recovery, and adjusted odds ratios (aOR) with mortality. We also trained and tested a machine learning model for predicting dialysis requirement with independent validation. RESULTS A total of 3,235 hospitalized patients were diagnosed with COVID-19. AKI occurred in 1406 (46%) patients overall and 280 (20%) with AKI required renal replacement therapy. The incidence of AKI (admission plus new cases) in patients admitted to the intensive care unit was 68% (553 of 815). In the entire cohort, the proportion with stages 1, 2, and 3 AKI were 35%, 20%, 45%, respectively. In those needing intensive care, the respective proportions were 20%, 17%, 63%, and 34% received acute renal replacement therapy. Independent predictors of severe AKI were chronic kidney disease, systolic blood pressure, and potassium at baseline. In-hospital mortality in patients with AKI was 41% overall and 52% in intensive care. The aOR for mortality associated with AKI was 9.6 (95% CI 7.4-12.3) overall and 20.9 (95% CI 11.7-37.3) in patients receiving intensive care. 56% of patients with AKI who were discharged alive recovered kidney function back to baseline. The area under the curve (AUC) for the machine learned predictive model using baseline features for dialysis requirement was 0.79 in a validation test. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE AKI is common in patients hospitalized with COVID-19, associated with worse mortality, and the majority of patients that survive do not recover kidney function. A machine-learned model using admission features had good performance for dialysis prediction and could be used for resource allocation.
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Wu P, Rybin D, Bielak LF, Feitosa MF, Franceschini N, Li Y, Lu Y, Marten J, Musani SK, Noordam R, Raghavan S, Rose LM, Schwander K, Smith AV, Tajuddin SM, Vojinovic D, Amin N, Arnett DK, Bottinger EP, Demirkan A, Florez JC, Ghanbari M, Harris TB, Launer LJ, Liu J, Liu J, Mook-Kanamori DO, Murray AD, Nalls MA, Peyser PA, Uitterlinden AG, Voortman T, Bouchard C, Chasman D, Correa A, de Mutsert R, Evans MK, Gudnason V, Hayward C, Kao L, Kardia SLR, Kooperberg C, Loos RJF, Province MM, Rankinen T, Redline S, Ridker PM, Rotter JI, Siscovick D, Smith BH, van Duijn C, Zonderman AB, Rao DC, Wilson JG, Dupuis J, Meigs JB, Liu CT, Vassy JL. Smoking-by-genotype interaction in type 2 diabetes risk and fasting glucose. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0230815. [PMID: 32379818 PMCID: PMC7205201 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0230815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Smoking is a potentially causal behavioral risk factor for type 2 diabetes (T2D), but not all smokers develop T2D. It is unknown whether genetic factors partially explain this variation. We performed genome-environment-wide interaction studies to identify loci exhibiting potential interaction with baseline smoking status (ever vs. never) on incident T2D and fasting glucose (FG). Analyses were performed in participants of European (EA) and African ancestry (AA) separately. Discovery analyses were conducted using genotype data from the 50,000-single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) ITMAT-Broad-CARe (IBC) array in 5 cohorts from from the Candidate Gene Association Resource Consortium (n = 23,189). Replication was performed in up to 16 studies from the Cohorts for Heart Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology Consortium (n = 74,584). In meta-analysis of discovery and replication estimates, 5 SNPs met at least one criterion for potential interaction with smoking on incident T2D at p<1x10-7 (adjusted for multiple hypothesis-testing with the IBC array). Two SNPs had significant joint effects in the overall model and significant main effects only in one smoking stratum: rs140637 (FBN1) in AA individuals had a significant main effect only among smokers, and rs1444261 (closest gene C2orf63) in EA individuals had a significant main effect only among nonsmokers. Three additional SNPs were identified as having potential interaction by exhibiting a significant main effects only in smokers: rs1801232 (CUBN) in AA individuals, rs12243326 (TCF7L2) in EA individuals, and rs4132670 (TCF7L2) in EA individuals. No SNP met significance for potential interaction with smoking on baseline FG. The identification of these loci provides evidence for genetic interactions with smoking exposure that may explain some of the heterogeneity in the association between smoking and T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peitao Wu
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, MA, United States of America
| | - Denis Rybin
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, MA, United States of America
| | - Lawrence F. Bielak
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America
| | - Mary F. Feitosa
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States of America
| | - Nora Franceschini
- University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
| | - Yize Li
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Yingchang Lu
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Jonathan Marten
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Solomon K. Musani
- Jackson Heart Study, University of Mississippi Medical Center, MS, United States of America
| | - Raymond Noordam
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Sridharan Raghavan
- Section of Hospital Medicine, Veterans Affairs Eastern Colorado Healthcare System, Denver, CO, United States of America
- Division of General Internal Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States of America
- Colorado Cardiovascular Outcomes Research Consortium, Aurora, CO, United States of America
| | - Lynda M. Rose
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Karen Schwander
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Albert V. Smith
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Salman M. Tajuddin
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Science, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Dina Vojinovic
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Najaf Amin
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Donna K. Arnett
- Dean's Office, University of Kentucky College of Public Health, Lexington, Kentucky, United States of America
| | - Erwin P. Bottinger
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Ayse Demirkan
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jose C. Florez
- Diabetes Unit and Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Programs in Metabolism and Medical & Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Mohsen Ghanbari
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Tamara B. Harris
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Lenore J. Launer
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Jingmin Liu
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dennis O. Mook-Kanamori
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Alison D. Murray
- The Institute of Medical Sciences, Aberdeen Biomedical Imaging Centre, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Mike A. Nalls
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
- Data Tecnica International LLC, Glen Echo, MD, United States of America
| | - Patricia A. Peyser
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America
| | - André G. Uitterlinden
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Trudy Voortman
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Claude Bouchard
- Human Genomics Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University System, Baton Rouge, LA, United States of America
| | - Daniel Chasman
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Adolfo Correa
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, United States of America
| | - Renée de Mutsert
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Michele K. Evans
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Science, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Vilmundur Gudnason
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
- University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Caroline Hayward
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Linda Kao
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
- Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
- Department of Epidemiology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Sharon L. R. Kardia
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America
| | - Charles Kooperberg
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Ruth J. F. Loos
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
- The Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Ichan School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Michael M. Province
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States of America
| | - Tuomo Rankinen
- Human Genomics Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University System, Baton Rouge, LA, United States of America
| | - Susan Redline
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Departments of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Paul M. Ridker
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Jerome I. Rotter
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, United States of America
| | - David Siscovick
- The New York Academy of Medicine, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Blair H. Smith
- Division of Population Health and Genomics, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Cornelia van Duijn
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Alan B. Zonderman
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Science, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - D. C. Rao
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States of America
| | - James G. Wilson
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, United States of America
| | - Josée Dupuis
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, MA, United States of America
- The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute’s Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, United States of America
| | - James B. Meigs
- Programs in Metabolism and Medical & Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, United States of America
- Division of General Internal Medicine Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Ching-Ti Liu
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, MA, United States of America
| | - Jason L. Vassy
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
- VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, United States of America
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Paranjpe I, Russak AJ, De Freitas JK, Lala A, Miotto R, Vaid A, Johnson KW, Danieletto M, Golden E, Meyer D, Singh M, Somani S, Manna S, Nangia U, Kapoor A, O'Hagan R, O'Reilly PF, Huckins LM, Glowe P, Kia A, Timsina P, Freeman RM, Levin MA, Jhang J, Firpo A, Kovatch P, Finkelstein J, Aberg JA, Bagiella E, Horowitz CR, Murphy B, Fayad ZA, Narula J, Nestler EJ, Fuster V, Cordon-Cardo C, Charney DS, Reich DL, Just AC, Bottinger EP, Charney AW, Glicksberg BS, Nadkarni GN. Clinical Characteristics of Hospitalized Covid-19 Patients in New York City. medRxiv 2020. [PMID: 32511655 DOI: 10.1101/2020.04.19.20062117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Background The coronavirus 2019 (Covid-19) pandemic is a global public health crisis, with over 1.6 million cases and 95,000 deaths worldwide. Data are needed regarding the clinical course of hospitalized patients, particularly in the United States. Methods Demographic, clinical, and outcomes data for patients admitted to five Mount Sinai Health System hospitals with confirmed Covid-19 between February 27 and April 2, 2020 were identified through institutional electronic health records. We conducted a descriptive study of patients who had in-hospital mortality or were discharged alive. Results A total of 2,199 patients with Covid-19 were hospitalized during the study period. As of April 2 nd , 1,121 (51%) patients remained hospitalized, and 1,078 (49%) completed their hospital course. Of the latter, the overall mortality was 29%, and 36% required intensive care. The median age was 65 years overall and 75 years in those who died. Pre-existing conditions were present in 65% of those who died and 46% of those discharged. In those who died, the admission median lymphocyte percentage was 11.7%, D-dimer was 2.4 ug/ml, C-reactive protein was 162 mg/L, and procalcitonin was 0.44 ng/mL. In those discharged, the admission median lymphocyte percentage was 16.6%, D-dimer was 0.93 ug/ml, C-reactive protein was 79 mg/L, and procalcitonin was 0.09 ng/mL. Conclusions This is the largest and most diverse case series of hospitalized patients with Covid-19 in the United States to date. Requirement of intensive care and mortality were high. Patients who died typically had pre-existing conditions and severe perturbations in inflammatory markers.
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35
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Paranjpe I, Chaudhary K, Paranjpe M, O'Hagan R, Manna S, Jaladanki S, Kapoor A, Horowitz C, DeFelice N, Cooper R, Glicksberg B, Bottinger EP, Just AC, Nadkarni GN. Association of APOL1 Risk Genotype and Air Pollution for Kidney Disease. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2020; 15:401-403. [PMID: 32079610 PMCID: PMC7057301 DOI: 10.2215/cjn.11921019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ishan Paranjpe
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine.,The Hasso Plattner Institute of Digital Health at Mount Sinai
| | | | - Manish Paranjpe
- Harvard-MIT, Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; and
| | - Ross O'Hagan
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine
| | - Sayan Manna
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine
| | | | - Arjun Kapoor
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine
| | | | - Nicholas DeFelice
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Loyola University School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Richard Cooper
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Loyola University School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | | | - Erwin P Bottinger
- The Hasso Plattner Institute of Digital Health at Mount Sinai.,Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, and
| | - Allan C Just
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Girish N Nadkarni
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, .,The Hasso Plattner Institute of Digital Health at Mount Sinai.,Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, and
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36
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Robinson JR, Carroll RJ, Bastarache L, Chen Q, Mou Z, Wei WQ, Connolly JJ, Mentch F, Sleiman P, Crane PK, Hebbring SJ, Stanaway IB, Crosslin DR, Gordon AS, Rosenthal EA, Carrell D, Hayes MG, Wei W, Petukhova L, Namjou B, Zhang G, Safarova MS, Walton NA, Still C, Bottinger EP, Loos RJF, Murphy SN, Jackson GP, Kullo IJ, Hakonarson H, Jarvik GP, Larson EB, Weng C, Roden DM, Denny JC. Association of Genetic Risk of Obesity with Postoperative Complications Using Mendelian Randomization. World J Surg 2020; 44:84-94. [PMID: 31605180 PMCID: PMC6925615 DOI: 10.1007/s00268-019-05202-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The extent to which obesity and genetics determine postoperative complications is incompletely understood. METHODS We performed a retrospective study using two population cohorts with electronic health record (EHR) data. The first included 736,726 adults with body mass index (BMI) recorded between 1990 and 2017 at Vanderbilt University Medical Center. The second cohort consisted of 65,174 individuals from 12 institutions contributing EHR and genome-wide genotyping data to the Electronic Medical Records and Genomics (eMERGE) Network. Pairwise logistic regression analyses were used to measure the association of BMI categories with postoperative complications derived from International Classification of Disease-9 codes, including postoperative infection, incisional hernia, and intestinal obstruction. A genetic risk score was constructed from 97 obesity-risk single-nucleotide polymorphisms for a Mendelian randomization study to determine the association of genetic risk of obesity on postoperative complications. Logistic regression analyses were adjusted for sex, age, site, and race/principal components. RESULTS Individuals with overweight or obese BMI (≥25 kg/m2) had increased risk of incisional hernia (odds ratio [OR] 1.7-5.5, p < 3.1 × 10-20), and people with obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) had increased risk of postoperative infection (OR 1.2-2.3, p < 2.5 × 10-5). In the eMERGE cohort, genetically predicted BMI was associated with incisional hernia (OR 2.1 [95% CI 1.8-2.5], p = 1.4 × 10-6) and postoperative infection (OR 1.6 [95% CI 1.4-1.9], p = 3.1 × 10-6). Association findings were similar after limitation of the cohorts to those who underwent abdominal procedures. CONCLUSIONS Clinical and Mendelian randomization studies suggest that obesity, as measured by BMI, is associated with the development of postoperative incisional hernia and infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie R Robinson
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 1161 21st Ave S, CCC-4312 MCN, Nashville, TN, 37232-2730, USA.
- Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
| | - Robert J Carroll
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 1161 21st Ave S, CCC-4312 MCN, Nashville, TN, 37232-2730, USA
| | - Lisa Bastarache
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 1161 21st Ave S, CCC-4312 MCN, Nashville, TN, 37232-2730, USA
| | - Qingxia Chen
- Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Zongyang Mou
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 1161 21st Ave S, CCC-4312 MCN, Nashville, TN, 37232-2730, USA
| | - Wei-Qi Wei
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 1161 21st Ave S, CCC-4312 MCN, Nashville, TN, 37232-2730, USA
| | - John J Connolly
- The Center for Applied Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Frank Mentch
- The Center for Applied Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Patrick Sleiman
- The Center for Applied Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Paul K Crane
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Scott J Hebbring
- Center for Human Genetics, Marshfield Clinic Research Institute, Marshfield, WI, USA
| | - Ian B Stanaway
- Department of Biomedical Informatics and Medical Education, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - David R Crosslin
- Department of Biomedical Informatics and Medical Education, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Adam S Gordon
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Elisabeth A Rosenthal
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - David Carrell
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - M Geoffrey Hayes
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Wei Wei
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Lynn Petukhova
- Departments of Dermatology and Epidemiology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Bahram Namjou
- Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Ge Zhang
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Maya S Safarova
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Nephi A Walton
- Department of Biomedical and Translational Informatics, Geisinger Health System, Danville, PA, USA
| | - Christopher Still
- Department of Biomedical and Translational Informatics, Geisinger Health System, Danville, PA, USA
| | - Erwin P Bottinger
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine at Mount Sinai, The Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ruth J F Loos
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine at Mount Sinai, The Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Shawn N Murphy
- Department of Neurology, Partners Healthcare, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gretchen P Jackson
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 1161 21st Ave S, CCC-4312 MCN, Nashville, TN, 37232-2730, USA
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Iftikhar J Kullo
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Hakon Hakonarson
- The Center for Applied Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Gail P Jarvik
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Eric B Larson
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Chunhua Weng
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Dan M Roden
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 1161 21st Ave S, CCC-4312 MCN, Nashville, TN, 37232-2730, USA
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Joshua C Denny
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 1161 21st Ave S, CCC-4312 MCN, Nashville, TN, 37232-2730, USA
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
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Clark DW, Okada Y, Moore KHS, Mason D, Pirastu N, Gandin I, Mattsson H, Barnes CLK, Lin K, Zhao JH, Deelen P, Rohde R, Schurmann C, Guo X, Giulianini F, Zhang W, Medina-Gomez C, Karlsson R, Bao Y, Bartz TM, Baumbach C, Biino G, Bixley MJ, Brumat M, Chai JF, Corre T, Cousminer DL, Dekker AM, Eccles DA, van Eijk KR, Fuchsberger C, Gao H, Germain M, Gordon SD, de Haan HG, Harris SE, Hofer E, Huerta-Chagoya A, Igartua C, Jansen IE, Jia Y, Kacprowski T, Karlsson T, Kleber ME, Li SA, Li-Gao R, Mahajan A, Matsuda K, Meidtner K, Meng W, Montasser ME, van der Most PJ, Munz M, Nutile T, Palviainen T, Prasad G, Prasad RB, Priyanka TDS, Rizzi F, Salvi E, Sapkota BR, Shriner D, Skotte L, Smart MC, Smith AV, van der Spek A, Spracklen CN, Strawbridge RJ, Tajuddin SM, Trompet S, Turman C, Verweij N, Viberti C, Wang L, Warren HR, Wootton RE, Yanek LR, Yao J, Yousri NA, Zhao W, Adeyemo AA, Afaq S, Aguilar-Salinas CA, Akiyama M, Albert ML, Allison MA, Alver M, Aung T, Azizi F, Bentley AR, Boeing H, Boerwinkle E, Borja JB, de Borst GJ, Bottinger EP, Broer L, Campbell H, Chanock S, Chee ML, Chen G, Chen YDI, Chen Z, Chiu YF, Cocca M, Collins FS, Concas MP, Corley J, Cugliari G, van Dam RM, Damulina A, Daneshpour MS, Day FR, Delgado GE, Dhana K, Doney ASF, Dörr M, Doumatey AP, Dzimiri N, Ebenesersdóttir SS, Elliott J, Elliott P, Ewert R, Felix JF, Fischer K, Freedman BI, Girotto G, Goel A, Gögele M, Goodarzi MO, Graff M, Granot-Hershkovitz E, Grodstein F, Guarrera S, Gudbjartsson DF, Guity K, Gunnarsson B, Guo Y, Hagenaars SP, Haiman CA, Halevy A, Harris TB, Hedayati M, van Heel DA, Hirata M, Höfer I, Hsiung CA, Huang J, Hung YJ, Ikram MA, Jagadeesan A, Jousilahti P, Kamatani Y, Kanai M, Kerrison ND, Kessler T, Khaw KT, Khor CC, de Kleijn DPV, Koh WP, Kolcic I, Kraft P, Krämer BK, Kutalik Z, Kuusisto J, Langenberg C, Launer LJ, Lawlor DA, Lee IT, Lee WJ, Lerch MM, Li L, Liu J, Loh M, London SJ, Loomis S, Lu Y, Luan J, Mägi R, Manichaikul AW, Manunta P, Másson G, Matoba N, Mei XW, Meisinger C, Meitinger T, Mezzavilla M, Milani L, Millwood IY, Momozawa Y, Moore A, Morange PE, Moreno-Macías H, Mori TA, Morrison AC, Muka T, Murakami Y, Murray AD, de Mutsert R, Mychaleckyj JC, Nalls MA, Nauck M, Neville MJ, Nolte IM, Ong KK, Orozco L, Padmanabhan S, Pálsson G, Pankow JS, Pattaro C, Pattie A, Polasek O, Poulter N, Pramstaller PP, Quintana-Murci L, Räikkönen K, Ralhan S, Rao DC, van Rheenen W, Rich SS, Ridker PM, Rietveld CA, Robino A, van Rooij FJA, Ruggiero D, Saba Y, Sabanayagam C, Sabater-Lleal M, Sala CF, Salomaa V, Sandow K, Schmidt H, Scott LJ, Scott WR, Sedaghati-Khayat B, Sennblad B, van Setten J, Sever PJ, Sheu WHH, Shi Y, Shrestha S, Shukla SR, Sigurdsson JK, Sikka TT, Singh JR, Smith BH, Stančáková A, Stanton A, Starr JM, Stefansdottir L, Straker L, Sulem P, Sveinbjornsson G, Swertz MA, Taylor AM, Taylor KD, Terzikhan N, Tham YC, Thorleifsson G, Thorsteinsdottir U, Tillander A, Tracy RP, Tusié-Luna T, Tzoulaki I, Vaccargiu S, Vangipurapu J, Veldink JH, Vitart V, Völker U, Vuoksimaa E, Wakil SM, Waldenberger M, Wander GS, Wang YX, Wareham NJ, Wild S, Yajnik CS, Yuan JM, Zeng L, Zhang L, Zhou J, Amin N, Asselbergs FW, Bakker SJL, Becker DM, Lehne B, Bennett DA, van den Berg LH, Berndt SI, Bharadwaj D, Bielak LF, Bochud M, Boehnke M, Bouchard C, Bradfield JP, Brody JA, Campbell A, Carmi S, Caulfield MJ, Cesarini D, Chambers JC, Chandak GR, Cheng CY, Ciullo M, Cornelis M, Cusi D, Smith GD, Deary IJ, Dorajoo R, van Duijn CM, Ellinghaus D, Erdmann J, Eriksson JG, Evangelou E, Evans MK, Faul JD, Feenstra B, Feitosa M, Foisy S, Franke A, Friedlander Y, Gasparini P, Gieger C, Gonzalez C, Goyette P, Grant SFA, Griffiths LR, Groop L, Gudnason V, Gyllensten U, Hakonarson H, Hamsten A, van der Harst P, Heng CK, Hicks AA, Hochner H, Huikuri H, Hunt SC, Jaddoe VWV, De Jager PL, Johannesson M, Johansson Å, Jonas JB, Jukema JW, Junttila J, Kaprio J, Kardia SLR, Karpe F, Kumari M, Laakso M, van der Laan SW, Lahti J, Laudes M, Lea RA, Lieb W, Lumley T, Martin NG, März W, Matullo G, McCarthy MI, Medland SE, Merriman TR, Metspalu A, Meyer BF, Mohlke KL, Montgomery GW, Mook-Kanamori D, Munroe PB, North KE, Nyholt DR, O'connell JR, Ober C, Oldehinkel AJ, Palmas W, Palmer C, Pasterkamp GG, Patin E, Pennell CE, Perusse L, Peyser PA, Pirastu M, Polderman TJC, Porteous DJ, Posthuma D, Psaty BM, Rioux JD, Rivadeneira F, Rotimi C, Rotter JI, Rudan I, Den Ruijter HM, Sanghera DK, Sattar N, Schmidt R, Schulze MB, Schunkert H, Scott RA, Shuldiner AR, Sim X, Small N, Smith JA, Sotoodehnia N, Tai ES, Teumer A, Timpson NJ, Toniolo D, Tregouet DA, Tuomi T, Vollenweider P, Wang CA, Weir DR, Whitfield JB, Wijmenga C, Wong TY, Wright J, Yang J, Yu L, Zemel BS, Zonderman AB, Perola M, Magnusson PKE, Uitterlinden AG, Kooner JS, Chasman DI, Loos RJF, Franceschini N, Franke L, Haley CS, Hayward C, Walters RG, Perry JRB, Esko T, Helgason A, Stefansson K, Joshi PK, Kubo M, Wilson JF. Associations of autozygosity with a broad range of human phenotypes. Nat Commun 2019; 10:4957. [PMID: 31673082 PMCID: PMC6823371 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-12283-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In many species, the offspring of related parents suffer reduced reproductive success, a phenomenon known as inbreeding depression. In humans, the importance of this effect has remained unclear, partly because reproduction between close relatives is both rare and frequently associated with confounding social factors. Here, using genomic inbreeding coefficients (FROH) for >1.4 million individuals, we show that FROH is significantly associated (p < 0.0005) with apparently deleterious changes in 32 out of 100 traits analysed. These changes are associated with runs of homozygosity (ROH), but not with common variant homozygosity, suggesting that genetic variants associated with inbreeding depression are predominantly rare. The effect on fertility is striking: FROH equivalent to the offspring of first cousins is associated with a 55% decrease [95% CI 44-66%] in the odds of having children. Finally, the effects of FROH are confirmed within full-sibling pairs, where the variation in FROH is independent of all environmental confounding.
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Affiliation(s)
- David W Clark
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, Scotland
| | - Yukinori Okada
- Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
- Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
- Laboratory of Statistical Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center (WPI-IFReC), Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | | | - Dan Mason
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Bradford, BD96RJ, UK
| | - Nicola Pirastu
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, Scotland
| | - Ilaria Gandin
- Research Unit, Area Science Park, Trieste, 34149, Italy
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Hannele Mattsson
- Unit of Public Health Solutions, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Catriona L K Barnes
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, Scotland
| | - Kuang Lin
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7LF, UK
| | - Jing Hua Zhao
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
- Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Patrick Deelen
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands, Groningen, Groningen, 9700 RB, The Netherlands
| | - Rebecca Rohde
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27514, USA
| | - Claudia Schurmann
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Ichan School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Xiuqing Guo
- Division of Genomic Outcomes, Department of Pediatrics, The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, 90502, USA
| | - Franco Giulianini
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Weihua Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital, Middlesex, Middlesex, UB1 3HW, UK
| | - Carolina Medina-Gomez
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 CN, Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 CN, Netherlands
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 CN, The Netherlands
| | - Robert Karlsson
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 17177, Sweden
| | - Yanchun Bao
- Institute for Social and Economic Research, University of Essex, Colchester, CO4 3SQ, UK
| | - Traci M Bartz
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Biostatistics and Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA
| | - Clemens Baumbach
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany
| | - Ginevra Biino
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, National Research Council of Italy, Pavia, 27100, Italy
| | - Matthew J Bixley
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand
| | - Marco Brumat
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Jin-Fang Chai
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore, 117549, Singapore
| | - Tanguy Corre
- Department of Computational Biology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, 1011, Switzerland
- Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
| | - Diana L Cousminer
- Division of Human Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Annelot M Dekker
- Department of Neurology, Brain Centre Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, 3584 CX, The Netherlands
| | - David A Eccles
- Genomics Research Centre, School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, 4059, Australia
- Malaghan Institute of Medical Research, Wellington, 6242, New Zealand
| | - Kristel R van Eijk
- Department of Neurology, Brain Centre Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, 3584 CX, The Netherlands
| | - Christian Fuchsberger
- Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research, Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Bolzano, 39100, Italy
| | - He Gao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK
| | - Marine Germain
- INSERM UMR_S 1166, Sorbonne Universités, Paris, 75013, France
- ICAN Institute for Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Paris, 75013, France
| | - Scott D Gordon
- QIMR Berghofer Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Hugoline G de Haan
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2333 ZA, The Netherlands
| | - Sarah E Harris
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK
- Centre for Genomic & Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics & Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Edith Hofer
- Clinical Division of Neurogeriatrics, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, 8036, Austria
- Institute of Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation, Medical University of Graz, Graz, 8036, Austria
| | - Alicia Huerta-Chagoya
- CONACyT, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico, 03940, México
| | - Catherine Igartua
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Iris E Jansen
- Department of Complex Trait Genetics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, 1081 HV, The Netherlands
- Alzheimer Center Department of Neurology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, 1081HV, The Netherlands
| | - Yucheng Jia
- Division of Genomic Outcomes, Department of Pediatrics, The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, 90502, USA
| | - Tim Kacprowski
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, 17475, Germany
- Chair of Experimental Bioinformatics, TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Freising-Weihenstephan, 85354, Germany
| | - Torgny Karlsson
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, 75108, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Marcus E Kleber
- Vth Department of Medicine (Nephrology, Hypertensiology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology, Diabetology), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, 68167, Germany
| | - Shengchao Alfred Li
- Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Lab for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Ruifang Li-Gao
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2333 ZA, The Netherlands
| | - Anubha Mahajan
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Koichi Matsuda
- Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate school of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
| | - Karina Meidtner
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Weihua Meng
- Medical Research Institute, Ninewells Hospital and School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - May E Montasser
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
- Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Peter J van der Most
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, 9700 RB, The Netherlands
| | - Matthias Munz
- Institute for Cardiogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, 23562, Germany
- DZHK (German Research Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Lübeck/Kiel, Lübeck, 23562, Germany
- University Heart Center Luebeck, Lübeck, 23562, Germany
- Charité - University Medicine Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Institute for Dental and Craniofacial Sciences, Department of Periodontology and Synoptic Dentistry, Berlin, Germany
| | - Teresa Nutile
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics A. Buzzati-Traverso - CNR, Naples, 80131, Italy
| | - Teemu Palviainen
- Finnish Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Gauri Prasad
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine Unit, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, 110020, India
| | - Rashmi B Prasad
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, 20502, Sweden
| | - Tallapragada Divya Sri Priyanka
- Genomic Research on Complex diseases (GRC Group), CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500007, India
| | - Federica Rizzi
- ePhood Scientific Unit, ePhood SRL, Bresso (Milano), 20091, Italy
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milano, Milano, 20139, Italy
| | - Erika Salvi
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milano, Milano, 20139, Italy
- Neuroalgology Unit, IRCCS Foundation Carlo Besta Neurological Institute, Milano, 20133, Italy
| | - Bishwa R Sapkota
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
| | - Daniel Shriner
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892-5635, USA
| | - Line Skotte
- Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, DK-2300, Denmark
| | - Melissa C Smart
- Institute for Social and Economic Research, University of Essex, Colchester, CO4 3SQ, UK
| | - Albert Vernon Smith
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, 201, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, 101, Iceland
| | - Ashley van der Spek
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 CN, Netherlands
| | | | - Rona J Strawbridge
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8RZ, UK
- Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 171 76, Sweden
| | - Salman M Tajuddin
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore City, Maryland, 21224, USA
| | - Stella Trompet
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2300 RC, the Netherlands
- Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2300RC, the Netherlands
| | - Constance Turman
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Program in Genetic Epidemiology and Statistical Genetics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Niek Verweij
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Cardiology, Ther Netherlands, Groningen, 9713 GZ, the Netherlands
| | - Clara Viberti
- Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine (IIGM) and Dept. Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Italy, Turin, 10126, Italy
| | - Lihua Wang
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, 63110-1093, USA
| | - Helen R Warren
- NIHR Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Centre, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Robyn E Wootton
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK
- School of Psychological Science, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TU, UK
| | - Lisa R Yanek
- Department of Medicine, GeneSTAR Research Program, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Jie Yao
- Division of Genomic Outcomes, Department of Pediatrics, The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, 90502, USA
| | - Noha A Yousri
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine Qatar, Doha, Qatar
- Computer and Systems Engineering, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Adebowale A Adeyemo
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892-5635, USA
| | - Saima Afaq
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK
| | - Carlos Alberto Aguilar-Salinas
- Departamento de Endocrinología y Metabolismo, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico, 14080, México
- Unidad de Investigacion de Enfermades Metabolicas, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Monterrey, N.L., 64710, México
| | - Masato Akiyama
- Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Matthew L Albert
- Immunobiology of Dendritic Cells, Institut Pasteur, Paris, 75015, France
- Inserm U1223, Paris, 75015, France
- Centre for Translational Research, Institut Pasteur, Paris, 75015, France
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Genentech Inc, San Francisco, California, 94080, USA
| | - Matthew A Allison
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, UC San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California, 92093, USA
| | - Maris Alver
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, University of Tartu, Tartu, 51010, Estonia
| | - Tin Aung
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore, 169856, Singapore
- Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore, 169857, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore, 119228, SG, Singapore
| | - Fereidoun Azizi
- Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 19839-63113, Iran
| | - Amy R Bentley
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892-5635, USA
| | - Heiner Boeing
- Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Health Science Center at Houston, UTHealth School of Public Health, University of Texas, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Judith B Borja
- USC-Office of Population Studies Foundation, Inc., Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Talamban, University of San Carlos, Cebu City, 6000, Cebu, Philippines
| | - Gert J de Borst
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Division of Surgical Specialties, University Medical Center Utrecht, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584 CX, Netherlands
| | - Erwin P Bottinger
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Ichan School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Digital Health Center, Hasso Plattner Institute, Universität Potsdam, Potsdam, 14482, Germany
| | - Linda Broer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 CN, Netherlands
| | - Harry Campbell
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, Scotland
| | - Stephen Chanock
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology & Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Miao-Li Chee
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore, 169856, Singapore
| | - Guanjie Chen
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892-5635, USA
| | - Yii-Der I Chen
- Division of Genomic Outcomes, Department of Pediatrics, The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, 90502, USA
| | - Zhengming Chen
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7LF, UK
| | - Yen-Feng Chiu
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan, Taiwan
| | - Massimiliano Cocca
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, 34137, Italy
| | - Francis S Collins
- National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892, USA
| | - Maria Pina Concas
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, 34137, Italy
| | - Janie Corley
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK
- Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, 7 George Square, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Giovanni Cugliari
- Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine (IIGM) and Dept. Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Italy, Turin, 10126, Italy
| | - Rob M van Dam
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore, 117549, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119228, SG, Singapore
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, USA
| | - Anna Damulina
- Clinical Division of Neurogeriatrics, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, 8036, Austria
| | - Maryam S Daneshpour
- Cellular and Molecular Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 19839-63113, Iran
| | - Felix R Day
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Graciela E Delgado
- Vth Department of Medicine (Nephrology, Hypertensiology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology, Diabetology), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, 68167, Germany
| | - Klodian Dhana
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 CN, Netherlands
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Alexander S F Doney
- MEMO Research, Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD19SY, UK
| | - Marcus Dörr
- Department of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, 17475, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, 17475, Germany
| | - Ayo P Doumatey
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892-5635, USA
| | - Nduna Dzimiri
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, KSA, 12713, Saudi Arabia
| | - S Sunna Ebenesersdóttir
- deCODE genetics/Amgen Inc., Reykjavik 101, Iceland
- Department of Anthropology, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, 101, Iceland
| | - Joshua Elliott
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK
| | - Paul Elliott
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK
- National Institute for Health Research Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust and Imperial College London, London, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute (UK DRI) at Imperial College London, London, UK
- Health Data Research UK - London, London, England
| | - Ralf Ewert
- Department of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, 17475, Germany
| | - Janine F Felix
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 CN, Netherlands
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 CN, The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015CN, The Netherlands
| | - Krista Fischer
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, University of Tartu, Tartu, 51010, Estonia
| | - Barry I Freedman
- Section on Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27101, US
| | - Giorgia Girotto
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
- Medical Genetics, Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
| | - Anuj Goel
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Martin Gögele
- Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research, Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Bolzano, 39100, Italy
| | - Mark O Goodarzi
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, 90048, USA
| | - Mariaelisa Graff
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27514, USA
| | | | - Francine Grodstein
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Simonetta Guarrera
- Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine (IIGM) and Dept. Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Italy, Turin, 10126, Italy
| | - Daniel F Gudbjartsson
- deCODE genetics/Amgen Inc., Reykjavik 101, Iceland
- School of Engineering and Natural Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, 101, Iceland
| | - Kamran Guity
- Cellular and Molecular Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 19839-63113, Iran
| | | | - Yu Guo
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Saskia P Hagenaars
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK
- Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, 7 George Square, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Christopher A Haiman
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, 90089, USA
| | - Avner Halevy
- Braun School of Public Health, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Tamara B Harris
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore City, Maryland, 21224, USA
| | - Mehdi Hedayati
- Cellular and Molecular Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 19839-63113, Iran
| | - David A van Heel
- Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 2AT, UK
| | - Makoto Hirata
- Laboratory of Genome Technology, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
| | - Imo Höfer
- Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, Division Laboratories and Pharmacy, University Medical Center Utrecht, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584 CX, Netherlands
| | - Chao Agnes Hsiung
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan, Taiwan
| | - Jinyan Huang
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory Of Medical Genomics, Rui-jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China, 200025, China
| | - Yi-Jen Hung
- Division of Endocrine and Metabolism, Tri-Service General Hospital Songshan branch, Taipei, Taiwan, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Taiwan
| | - M Arfan Ikram
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 CN, Netherlands
| | - Anuradha Jagadeesan
- deCODE genetics/Amgen Inc., Reykjavik 101, Iceland
- Department of Anthropology, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, 101, Iceland
| | - Pekka Jousilahti
- Unit of Public Health Promotion, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Yoichiro Kamatani
- Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kanai
- Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
- Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Nicola D Kerrison
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Thorsten Kessler
- Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Klinik für Herz- und Kreislauferkrankungen, Technische Universität München, Munich, 80636, Germany
| | - Kay-Tee Khaw
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0SR, UK
| | - Chiea Chuen Khor
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore, 169856, Singapore
- Human Genetics, Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore, 138672, Singapore
| | - Dominique P V de Kleijn
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Division of Surgical Specialties, University Medical Center Utrecht, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584 CX, Netherlands
| | - Woon-Puay Koh
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore, 117549, Singapore
- Health Services and Systems Research, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore, 169857
| | - Ivana Kolcic
- Centre for Global Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Split, Split, Croatia
| | - Peter Kraft
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, USA
| | - Bernhard K Krämer
- Vth Department of Medicine (Nephrology, Hypertensiology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology, Diabetology), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, 68167, Germany
| | - Zoltán Kutalik
- Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
| | - Johanna Kuusisto
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Claudia Langenberg
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Lenore J Launer
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore City, Maryland, 21224, USA
| | - Deborah A Lawlor
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK
- Bristol NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK
- Population Health Science, Bristol Medical School, Bristol, BS8 2BY, UK
| | - I-Te Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, Taichung City, 402, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Jane Lee
- Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, Taiwan
| | - Markus M Lerch
- Department of Internal Medicine A, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, 17475, Germany
| | - Liming Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Peking University Health Science Centre, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119228, SG, Singapore
- Human Genetics, Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore, 138672, Singapore
| | - Marie Loh
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK
- Translational Laboratory in Genetic Medicine, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore (A*STAR), Singapore, 138648, Singapore
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore, 117596, Singapore
| | - Stephanie J London
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC, 27709, USA
| | - Stephanie Loomis
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Yingchang Lu
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Ichan School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Jian'an Luan
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Reedik Mägi
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, University of Tartu, Tartu, 51010, Estonia
| | - Ani W Manichaikul
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - Paolo Manunta
- Genomics of Renal Diseases and Hypertension Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Università Vita Salute San Raffaele, Milano, 20132, Italy
| | - Gísli Másson
- deCODE genetics/Amgen Inc., Reykjavik 101, Iceland
| | - Nana Matoba
- Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Xue W Mei
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7LF, UK
| | - Christa Meisinger
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Independent Research Group Clinical Epidemiology, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany
| | - Thomas Meitinger
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Technical University of Munich, Munich, 81675, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, 80802, Germany
| | - Massimo Mezzavilla
- Medical Genetics, Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
| | - Lili Milani
- Estonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, 51010, Estonia
| | - Iona Y Millwood
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7LF, UK
| | - Yukihide Momozawa
- Laboratory for Genotyping Development, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Amy Moore
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology & Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Pierre-Emmanuel Morange
- Laboratory of Haematology, La Timone Hospital, Marseille, France
- INSERM UMR_S 1263, Center for CardioVascular and Nutrition research (C2VN), Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | | | - Trevor A Mori
- Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia/Australia, 6009, Australia
| | - Alanna C Morrison
- The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
| | - Taulant Muka
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 CN, Netherlands
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (ISPM), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Yoshinori Murakami
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
| | - Alison D Murray
- The Institute of Medical Sciences, Aberdeen Biomedical Imaging Centre, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Renée de Mutsert
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2333 ZA, The Netherlands
| | - Josyf C Mychaleckyj
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - Mike A Nalls
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
- Data Tecnica International LLC, Glen Echo, MD, 20812, USA
| | - Matthias Nauck
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, 17475, Germany
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, 17475, Germany
| | - Matt J Neville
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7LJ, UK
- Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Ilja M Nolte
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, 9700 RB, The Netherlands
| | - Ken K Ong
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Lorena Orozco
- Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Mexico, 14610, México
| | - Sandosh Padmanabhan
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8TA, UK
| | | | - James S Pankow
- Division of Epidemiology & Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55454, USA
| | - Cristian Pattaro
- Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research, Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Bolzano, 39100, Italy
| | - Alison Pattie
- Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, 7 George Square, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Ozren Polasek
- Centre for Global Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Split, Split, Croatia
- Gen-info Ltd, Zagreb, Croatia, Zagreb, Select a Province, 10000, Croatia
| | - Neil Poulter
- International Centre for Circulatory Health, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK
- Imperial Clinical Trials Unit, Imperial College London, London, London, W12 7TA, UK
| | - Peter P Pramstaller
- Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research, Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Bolzano, 39100, Italy
| | - Lluis Quintana-Murci
- Human Evolutionary Genetics Unit, Institut Pasteur, Paris, 75015, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR2000, Paris, 75015, France
- Center of Bioinformatics, Biostatistics and Integrative Biology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, 75015, France
| | - Katri Räikkönen
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014, Finland
| | - Sarju Ralhan
- Hero Heart Institute and Dyanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Dabeeru C Rao
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Wouter van Rheenen
- Department of Neurology, Brain Centre Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, 3584 CX, The Netherlands
| | - Stephen S Rich
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - Paul M Ridker
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Cornelius A Rietveld
- Department of Applied Economics, Erasmus School of Economics, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, 3062 PA, The Netherlands
- Erasmus University Rotterdam Institute for Behavior and Biology, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, 3062 PA, The Netherlands
| | - Antonietta Robino
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, 34137, Italy
| | - Frank J A van Rooij
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 CN, Netherlands
| | - Daniela Ruggiero
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics A. Buzzati-Traverso - CNR, Naples, 80131, Italy
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli (IS), 86077, Italy
| | - Yasaman Saba
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center (for Cell Signaling, Metabolism and Aging), Division of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Charumathi Sabanayagam
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore, 169856, Singapore
- Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore, 169857, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore, 119228, SG, Singapore
| | - Maria Sabater-Lleal
- Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 171 76, Sweden
- Unit of Genomics of Complex Diseases, Institut de Recerca Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Veikko Salomaa
- Department of Public Health Solutions, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, FI-00271, Finland
| | - Kevin Sandow
- Division of Genomic Outcomes, Department of Pediatrics, The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, 90502, USA
| | - Helena Schmidt
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center (for Cell Signaling, Metabolism and Aging), Division of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Laura J Scott
- Department of Biostatistics, and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109, USA
| | - William R Scott
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK
| | - Bahareh Sedaghati-Khayat
- Cellular and Molecular Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 19839-63113, Iran
| | - Bengt Sennblad
- Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 171 76, Sweden
- Dept of Cell and Molecular Biology, National Bioinformatics Infrastructure Sweden, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, SE-752 37, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jessica van Setten
- Department of Cardiology, Division Heart & Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, Utrecht, 3485 CX, Netherlands
| | - Peter J Sever
- International Centre for Circulatory Health, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK
| | - Wayne H-H Sheu
- School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Taiwan
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, Taiwan
- Institute of Medical Technology, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, Taiwan
| | - Yuan Shi
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore, 169856, Singapore
| | - Smeeta Shrestha
- Genomic Research on Complex diseases (GRC Group), CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500007, India
- School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Dayananda Sagar University, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560078, India
| | - Sharvari Rahul Shukla
- Diabetes Unit, KEM Hospital and Research Centre, Pune, Maharashtra, 411101, India
- Symbiosis Statistical Institute, Symbiosis International University, Pune, Maharashtra, 411007, India
| | | | - Timo Tonis Sikka
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, University of Tartu, Tartu, 51010, Estonia
| | | | - Blair H Smith
- Division of Population Health Sciences, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 9SY, UK
| | - Alena Stančáková
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Alice Stanton
- RCSI Molecular & Cellular Therapeutics (MCT), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, RCSI Education & Research Centre, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - John M Starr
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK
- Alzheimer Scotland Dementia Research Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, Scotland
| | | | - Leon Straker
- School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia/Australia, 6102, Australia
| | | | | | - Morris A Swertz
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands, Groningen, Groningen, 9700 RB, The Netherlands
| | - Adele M Taylor
- Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, 7 George Square, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Kent D Taylor
- Division of Genomic Outcomes, Department of Pediatrics, The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, 90502, USA
| | - Natalie Terzikhan
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 CN, Netherlands
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
| | - Yih-Chung Tham
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore, 169856, Singapore
- Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore, 169857, Singapore
| | | | - Unnur Thorsteinsdottir
- deCODE genetics/Amgen Inc., Reykjavik 101, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, 101, Iceland
| | - Annika Tillander
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 17177, Sweden
| | - Russell P Tracy
- Department of Pathology, University of Vermont, Colchester, VT, 05446, USA
| | - Teresa Tusié-Luna
- Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxicología Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, UNAM, Mexico, 04510, México
- Unidad De Biología Molecular y Medicina Genómica, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico, 14080, México
| | - Ioanna Tzoulaki
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina Medical School, Ioannina, 45110, Greece
| | - Simona Vaccargiu
- Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research - Support Unity, National Research Council of Italy, Rome, Italy
| | - Jagadish Vangipurapu
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jan H Veldink
- Department of Neurology, Brain Centre Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, 3584 CX, The Netherlands
| | - Veronique Vitart
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, Scotland
| | - Uwe Völker
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, 17475, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, 17475, Germany
| | - Eero Vuoksimaa
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, FI-00014, Finland
| | - Salma M Wakil
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, KSA, 12713, Saudi Arabia
| | - Melanie Waldenberger
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany
| | - Gurpreet S Wander
- Department of Cardiology, Hero DMC Heart Institute, Dayanand Medical College & Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, 141001, India
| | - Ya Xing Wang
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Science Key Lab, Beijing, China, 100005, China
| | - Nicholas J Wareham
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Sarah Wild
- Centre for Population Health Sciences, Usher Institute of Population Health and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, Scotland
| | | | - Jian-Min Yuan
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Lingyao Zeng
- Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Klinik für Herz- und Kreislauferkrankungen, Technische Universität München, Munich, 80636, Germany
| | - Liang Zhang
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore, 169856, Singapore
| | - Jie Zhou
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892-5635, USA
| | - Najaf Amin
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 CN, Netherlands
| | - Folkert W Asselbergs
- Department of Cardiology, Division Heart & Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584 CX, Netherlands
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science, Faculty of Population Health Sciences, University College London, London, WC1E 6DD, UK
- Durrer Center for Cardiovascular Research, Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Farr Institute of Health Informatics Research and Institute of Health Informatics, University College London, London, UK
| | - Stephan J L Bakker
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, 9713GZ, The Netherlands
| | - Diane M Becker
- Department of Medicine, GeneSTAR Research Program, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Benjamin Lehne
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK
| | - David A Bennett
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Leonard H van den Berg
- Department of Neurology, Brain Centre Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, 3584 CX, The Netherlands
| | - Sonja I Berndt
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology & Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Dwaipayan Bharadwaj
- Systems Genomics Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Lawrence F Bielak
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Murielle Bochud
- Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Mike Boehnke
- Department of Biostatistics, and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109, USA
| | - Claude Bouchard
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiane, 70808, USA
| | - Jonathan P Bradfield
- Center for Applied Genomics, Division of Human Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Quantinuum Research LLC, San Diego, CA, 92101, USA
| | - Jennifer A Brody
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA
| | - Archie Campbell
- Centre for Genomic & Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics & Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Shai Carmi
- Braun School of Public Health, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Mark J Caulfield
- NIHR Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Centre, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - David Cesarini
- Center for Experimental Social Science, Department of Economics, New York University, New York, New York, 10012, USA
- Research Institute for Industrial Economics (IFN), Stockholm, 102 15, Sweden
| | - John C Chambers
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital, Middlesex, Middlesex, UB1 3HW, UK
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 308232, Singapore
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, London, W12 0HS, UK
| | - Giriraj Ratan Chandak
- Genomic Research on Complex diseases (GRC Group), CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500007, India
| | - Ching-Yu Cheng
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore, 169856, Singapore
- Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore, 169857, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore, 119228, SG, Singapore
| | - Marina Ciullo
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics A. Buzzati-Traverso - CNR, Naples, 80131, Italy
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli (IS), 86077, Italy
| | - Marilyn Cornelis
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Daniele Cusi
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milano, Milano, 20139, Italy
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies Milano, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Segrate (Milano), 20090, Italy
- Bio4Dreams Scientific Unit, Bio4Dreams SRL, Bio4Dreams - business nursery for life sciences, Milano, 20121, Italy
| | - George Davey Smith
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK
- Population Health Science, Bristol Medical School, Bristol, BS8 2BY, UK
| | - Ian J Deary
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK
- Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, 7 George Square, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Rajkumar Dorajoo
- Human Genetics, Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore, 138672, Singapore
| | - Cornelia M van Duijn
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7LF, UK
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 CN, Netherlands
| | - David Ellinghaus
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, 24105, Kiel, Germany
| | - Jeanette Erdmann
- Institute for Cardiogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, 23562, Germany
| | - Johan G Eriksson
- Department of General Practice and Primary health Care, University of Helsinki, Tukholmankatu 8 B, Helsinki, 00014, Finland
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Unit of General Practice, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Folkhälsan Research Centre, Helsinki, Finland
- Vasa Central Hospital, Vaasa, Finland
| | - Evangelos Evangelou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina Medical School, Ioannina, 45110, Greece
| | - Michele K Evans
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore City, Maryland, 21224, USA
| | - Jessica D Faul
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48014, USA
| | - Bjarke Feenstra
- Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, DK-2300, Denmark
| | - Mary Feitosa
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, 63110-1093, USA
| | | | - Andre Franke
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, 24105, Kiel, Germany
| | - Yechiel Friedlander
- Braun School of Public Health, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Paolo Gasparini
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
- Medical Genetics, Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
| | - Christian Gieger
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Clicerio Gonzalez
- Centro de Estudios en Diabetes, Unidad de Investigacion en Diabetes y Riesgo Cardiovascular, Centro de Investigacion en Salud Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Salud Publica, Cuernavaca, 01120, México
| | | | - Struan F A Grant
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Center for Applied Genomics, Division of Human Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Lyn R Griffiths
- Genomics Research Centre, School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, 4059, Australia
| | - Leif Groop
- Finnish Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, 20502, Sweden
| | - Vilmundur Gudnason
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, 201, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, 101, Iceland
| | - Ulf Gyllensten
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, 75108, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Hakon Hakonarson
- Center for Applied Genomics, Division of Human Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Anders Hamsten
- Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Stockholm, 171 76, Sweden
| | - Pim van der Harst
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Cardiology, Ther Netherlands, Groningen, 9713 GZ, the Netherlands
| | - Chew-Kiat Heng
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Khoo Teck Puat - National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Andrew A Hicks
- Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research, Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Bolzano, 39100, Italy
| | - Hagit Hochner
- Braun School of Public Health, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Heikki Huikuri
- Research Unit of Internal Medicine, Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, 90014, Finland
| | - Steven C Hunt
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine Qatar, Doha, Qatar
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, 84108, USA
| | - Vincent W V Jaddoe
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 CN, Netherlands
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 CN, The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015CN, The Netherlands
| | - Philip L De Jager
- Center for Translational & Computational Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, 650 West 168th street, PH19-311, Newyork, NY, 10032, USA
- Cell Circuits Program, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Magnus Johannesson
- Department of Economics, Stockholm School of Economics, Stockholm, SE-113 83, Sweden
| | - Åsa Johansson
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, 75108, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jost B Jonas
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Science Key Lab, Beijing, China, 100005, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty Mannheim of the Ruprecht-Karls-University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, 698167, Germany
| | - J Wouter Jukema
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2300 RC, the Netherlands
| | - Juhani Junttila
- Research Unit of Internal Medicine, Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, 90014, Finland
| | - Jaakko Kaprio
- Finnish Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, FI-00014, Finland
| | - Sharon L R Kardia
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Fredrik Karpe
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7LJ, UK
- Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Meena Kumari
- Institute for Social and Economic Research, University of Essex, Colchester, CO4 3SQ, UK
| | - Markku Laakso
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Sander W van der Laan
- Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, Division Laboratories and Pharmacy, University Medical Center Utrecht, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584 CX, Netherlands
| | - Jari Lahti
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014, Finland
- Helsinki Collegium for Advanced Studies, University of Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014, Finland
| | - Matthias Laudes
- University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH), Campus Kiel, Kiel, 24105, Germany
| | - Rodney A Lea
- Genomics Research Centre, School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, 4059, Australia
| | - Wolfgang Lieb
- Institute of Epidemiology and PopGen Biobank, University of Kiel, Kiel, Schleswig Holstein, 24105, Germany
| | - Thomas Lumley
- Department of Statistics, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | | | - Winfried März
- Vth Department of Medicine (Nephrology, Hypertensiology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology, Diabetology), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, 68167, Germany
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Synlab Academy, Synlab Holding Deutschland GmbH, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Giuseppe Matullo
- Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine (IIGM) and Dept. Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Italy, Turin, 10126, Italy
| | - Mark I McCarthy
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7LJ, UK
- Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Sarah E Medland
- QIMR Berghofer Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Tony R Merriman
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand
| | - Andres Metspalu
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, University of Tartu, Tartu, 51010, Estonia
| | - Brian F Meyer
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Karen L Mohlke
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Grant W Montgomery
- QIMR Berghofer Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, Australia
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Dennis Mook-Kanamori
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2333 ZA, The Netherlands
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2333 ZA, The Netherlands
| | - Patricia B Munroe
- NIHR Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Centre, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Kari E North
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27514, USA
| | - Dale R Nyholt
- QIMR Berghofer Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, QLD, 4059, Australia
| | - Jeffery R O'connell
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
- Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Carole Ober
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Albertine J Oldehinkel
- Department of Psychiatry, Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion Regulation, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, 9700 RB, The Netherlands
| | - Walter Palmas
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Colin Palmer
- Pat Macpherson Centre for Pharmacogenetics and Pharmacogenomics, The School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 9SY, UK
| | - Gerard G Pasterkamp
- Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, Division Laboratories and Pharmacy, University Medical Center Utrecht, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584 CX, Netherlands
| | - Etienne Patin
- Human Evolutionary Genetics Unit, Institut Pasteur, Paris, 75015, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR2000, Paris, 75015, France
- Center of Bioinformatics, Biostatistics and Integrative Biology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, 75015, France
| | - Craig E Pennell
- School of Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia/Australia, 6009, Australia
| | - Louis Perusse
- Department of kinesiology, Laval University, Quebec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Quebec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Patricia A Peyser
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Mario Pirastu
- Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research - Support Unity, National Research Council of Italy, Sassari, 07100, Italy
| | - Tinca J C Polderman
- Department of Complex Trait Genetics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, 1081 HV, The Netherlands
| | - David J Porteous
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK
- Centre for Genomic & Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics & Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Danielle Posthuma
- Department of Complex Trait Genetics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, 1081 HV, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Amsterdam Neuroscience, VU Medical Centre, Amsterdam, 1081HV, The Netherlands
| | - Bruce M Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Epidemiology, Medicine and Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA
| | - John D Rioux
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Fernando Rivadeneira
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 CN, Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 CN, Netherlands
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 CN, The Netherlands
| | - Charles Rotimi
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892-5635, USA
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- Division of Genomic Outcomes, Department of Pediatrics, The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, 90502, USA
| | - Igor Rudan
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, Scotland
| | - Hester M Den Ruijter
- Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, Division Heart & Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584 CX, Netherlands
| | - Dharambir K Sanghera
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
- Oklahoma Center for Neuroscience, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
| | - Naveed Sattar
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8TA, UK
| | - Reinhold Schmidt
- Clinical Division of Neurogeriatrics, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, 8036, Austria
| | - Matthias B Schulze
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Nutritional Sciences, University of Potsdam, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Heribert Schunkert
- Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Klinik für Herz- und Kreislauferkrankungen, Technische Universität München, Munich, 80636, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Herz- und Kreislauferkrankungen (DZHK), Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, 80636, Germany
| | - Robert A Scott
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Alan R Shuldiner
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
- Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
- Regeneron Genetics Center, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc, Tarrytown, NY, 10591-6607, USA
| | - Xueling Sim
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore, 117549, Singapore
| | - Neil Small
- Faculty of Health Studies, University of Bradford, Bradford, West Yorkshire, BD7 1DP, UK
| | - Jennifer A Smith
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48014, USA
| | - Nona Sotoodehnia
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Division of Cardiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA
| | - E-Shyong Tai
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore, 117549, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119228, SG, Singapore
- Duke-NUS Medical School, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore, 169857, SG, Singapore
| | - Alexander Teumer
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, 17475, Germany
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, 17475, Germany
| | - Nicholas J Timpson
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2PR, UK
- Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC), University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2PR, UK
| | | | | | - Tiinamaija Tuomi
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Endocrinology, Abdominal Centre, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Folkhalsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Program of Diabetes and Endocrinology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Peter Vollenweider
- Department of Medicine, Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, 1011, Switzerland
| | - Carol A Wang
- School of Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia/Australia, 6009, Australia
| | - David R Weir
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48014, USA
| | - John B Whitfield
- QIMR Berghofer Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Cisca Wijmenga
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands, Groningen, Groningen, 9700 RB, The Netherlands
| | - Tien-Yin Wong
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore, 169856, Singapore
- Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore, 169857, Singapore
| | - John Wright
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Bradford, BD96RJ, UK
| | - Jingyun Yang
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Lei Yu
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Babette S Zemel
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19146, USA
| | - Alan B Zonderman
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore City, Maryland, 21224, USA
| | - Markus Perola
- Unit of Genomics and Biomarkers, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, 00271, Finland
| | - Patrik K E Magnusson
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 17177, Sweden
| | - André G Uitterlinden
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 CN, Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 CN, Netherlands
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 CN, The Netherlands
| | - Jaspal S Kooner
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital, Middlesex, Middlesex, UB1 3HW, UK
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, London, W12 0HS, UK
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Daniel I Chasman
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Ruth J F Loos
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Ichan School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- The Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Nora Franceschini
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27514, USA
| | - Lude Franke
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands, Groningen, Groningen, 9700 RB, The Netherlands
| | - Chris S Haley
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, Scotland
- Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian, EH25 9RG, Scotland
| | - Caroline Hayward
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, Scotland
| | - Robin G Walters
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7LF, UK
| | - John R B Perry
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Tōnu Esko
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, University of Tartu, Tartu, 51010, Estonia
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MASSACHUSETTS, 02142, USA
| | - Agnar Helgason
- deCODE genetics/Amgen Inc., Reykjavik 101, Iceland
- Department of Anthropology, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, 101, Iceland
| | - Kari Stefansson
- deCODE genetics/Amgen Inc., Reykjavik 101, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, 101, Iceland
| | - Peter K Joshi
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, Scotland
| | - Michiaki Kubo
- Laboratory for Genotyping Development, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | - James F Wilson
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, Scotland.
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, Scotland.
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Tin A, Marten J, Halperin Kuhns VL, Li Y, Wuttke M, Kirsten H, Sieber KB, Qiu C, Gorski M, Yu Z, Giri A, Sveinbjornsson G, Li M, Chu AY, Hoppmann A, O'Connor LJ, Prins B, Nutile T, Noce D, Akiyama M, Cocca M, Ghasemi S, van der Most PJ, Horn K, Xu Y, Fuchsberger C, Sedaghat S, Afaq S, Amin N, Ärnlöv J, Bakker SJL, Bansal N, Baptista D, Bergmann S, Biggs ML, Biino G, Boerwinkle E, Bottinger EP, Boutin TS, Brumat M, Burkhardt R, Campana E, Campbell A, Campbell H, Carroll RJ, Catamo E, Chambers JC, Ciullo M, Concas MP, Coresh J, Corre T, Cusi D, Felicita SC, de Borst MH, De Grandi A, de Mutsert R, de Vries APJ, Delgado G, Demirkan A, Devuyst O, Dittrich K, Eckardt KU, Ehret G, Endlich K, Evans MK, Gansevoort RT, Gasparini P, Giedraitis V, Gieger C, Girotto G, Gögele M, Gordon SD, Gudbjartsson DF, Gudnason V, Haller T, Hamet P, Harris TB, Hayward C, Hicks AA, Hofer E, Holm H, Huang W, Hutri-Kähönen N, Hwang SJ, Ikram MA, Lewis RM, Ingelsson E, Jakobsdottir J, Jonsdottir I, Jonsson H, Joshi PK, Josyula NS, Jung B, Kähönen M, Kamatani Y, Kanai M, Kerr SM, Kiess W, Kleber ME, Koenig W, Kooner JS, Körner A, Kovacs P, Krämer BK, Kronenberg F, Kubo M, Kühnel B, La Bianca M, Lange LA, Lehne B, Lehtimäki T, Liu J, Loeffler M, Loos RJF, Lyytikäinen LP, Magi R, Mahajan A, Martin NG, März W, Mascalzoni D, Matsuda K, Meisinger C, Meitinger T, Metspalu A, Milaneschi Y, O'Donnell CJ, Wilson OD, Gaziano JM, Mishra PP, Mohlke KL, Mononen N, Montgomery GW, Mook-Kanamori DO, Müller-Nurasyid M, Nadkarni GN, Nalls MA, Nauck M, Nikus K, Ning B, Nolte IM, Noordam R, O'Connell JR, Olafsson I, Padmanabhan S, Penninx BWJH, Perls T, Peters A, Pirastu M, Pirastu N, Pistis G, Polasek O, Ponte B, Porteous DJ, Poulain T, Preuss MH, Rabelink TJ, Raffield LM, Raitakari OT, Rettig R, Rheinberger M, Rice KM, Rizzi F, Robino A, Rudan I, Krajcoviechova A, Cifkova R, Rueedi R, Ruggiero D, Ryan KA, Saba Y, Salvi E, Schmidt H, Schmidt R, Shaffer CM, Smith AV, Smith BH, Spracklen CN, Strauch K, Stumvoll M, Sulem P, Tajuddin SM, Teren A, Thiery J, Thio CHL, Thorsteinsdottir U, Toniolo D, Tönjes A, Tremblay J, Uitterlinden AG, Vaccargiu S, van der Harst P, van Duijn CM, Verweij N, Völker U, Vollenweider P, Waeber G, Waldenberger M, Whitfield JB, Wild SH, Wilson JF, Yang Q, Zhang W, Zonderman AB, Bochud M, Wilson JG, Pendergrass SA, Ho K, Parsa A, Pramstaller PP, Psaty BM, Böger CA, Snieder H, Butterworth AS, Okada Y, Edwards TL, Stefansson K, Susztak K, Scholz M, Heid IM, Hung AM, Teumer A, Pattaro C, Woodward OM, Vitart V, Köttgen A. Target genes, variants, tissues and transcriptional pathways influencing human serum urate levels. Nat Genet 2019; 51:1459-1474. [PMID: 31578528 PMCID: PMC6858555 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-019-0504-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 205] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Elevated serum urate levels cause gout and correlate with cardiometabolic diseases via poorly understood mechanisms. We performed a trans-ancestry genome-wide association study of serum urate in 457,690 individuals, identifying 183 loci (147 previously unknown) that improve the prediction of gout in an independent cohort of 334,880 individuals. Serum urate showed significant genetic correlations with many cardiometabolic traits, with genetic causality analyses supporting a substantial role for pleiotropy. Enrichment analysis, fine-mapping of urate-associated loci and colocalization with gene expression in 47 tissues implicated the kidney and liver as the main target organs and prioritized potentially causal genes and variants, including the transcriptional master regulators in the liver and kidney, HNF1A and HNF4A. Experimental validation showed that HNF4A transactivated the promoter of ABCG2, encoding a major urate transporter, in kidney cells, and that HNF4A p.Thr139Ile is a functional variant. Transcriptional coregulation within and across organs may be a general mechanism underlying the observed pleiotropy between urate and cardiometabolic traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrienne Tin
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Welch Centre for Prevention, Epidemiology and Clinical Research, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Jonathan Marten
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | - Yong Li
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Biometry, Epidemiology and Medical Bioinformatics, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Wuttke
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Biometry, Epidemiology and Medical Bioinformatics, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Holger Kirsten
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- LIFE Research Centre for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Karsten B Sieber
- Target Sciences-Genetics, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, PA, USA
| | - Chengxiang Qiu
- Department of Medicine and Genetics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Mathias Gorski
- Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Zhi Yu
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ayush Giri
- Division of Quantitative Sciences, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Institute for Medicine and Public Health, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Biomedical Laboratory Research and Development, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System (626)/Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | | - Man Li
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | | | - Anselm Hoppmann
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Biometry, Epidemiology and Medical Bioinformatics, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Luke J O'Connor
- Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Bram Prins
- Strangeways Research Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Teresa Nutile
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics Adriano Buzzati-Traverso-CNR, Naples, Italy
| | - Damia Noce
- Eurac Research, Institute for Biomedicine, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Masato Akiyama
- Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Centre for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama (Kanagawa), Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Massimiliano Cocca
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
| | - Sahar Ghasemi
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Peter J van der Most
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Katrin Horn
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- LIFE Research Centre for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Yizhe Xu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | | | - Sanaz Sedaghat
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Saima Afaq
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Institute of Public Health & Social Sciences, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Najaf Amin
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Johan Ärnlöv
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Family Medicine and Primary Care, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- School of Health and Social Studies, Dalarna University, Falun, Sweden
| | - Stephan J L Bakker
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Nisha Bansal
- Division of Nephrology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Kidney Research Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Sven Bergmann
- Department of Computational Biology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Mary L Biggs
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ginevra Biino
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, National Research Council of Italy, Pavia, Italy
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Human Genetics Centre, University of Texas Health Science Centre, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Erwin P Bottinger
- Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Thibaud S Boutin
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Marco Brumat
- University of Trieste, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, Trieste, Italy
| | - Ralph Burkhardt
- LIFE Research Centre for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Eric Campana
- University of Trieste, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, Trieste, Italy
| | - Archie Campbell
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Harry Campbell
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Robert J Carroll
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Eulalia Catamo
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
| | - John C Chambers
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital, London, UK
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Imperial College London, London, UK
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Marina Ciullo
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics Adriano Buzzati-Traverso-CNR, Naples, Italy
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Maria Pina Concas
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
| | - Josef Coresh
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Tanguy Corre
- Department of Computational Biology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Daniele Cusi
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies, Italy National Research Council, Milano, Italy
- Bio4Dreams, Milano, Italy
| | | | - Martin H de Borst
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | | | - Renée de Mutsert
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Aiko P J de Vries
- Section of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Graciela Delgado
- Fifth Department of Medicine (Nephrology, Hypertensiology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology, Diabetology), Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Ayşe Demirkan
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Olivier Devuyst
- Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Katalin Dittrich
- Department of Women and Child Health, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Centre for Pediatric Research, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Kai-Uwe Eckardt
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Georg Ehret
- Cardiology, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Karlhans Endlich
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Michele K Evans
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ron T Gansevoort
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Paolo Gasparini
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
- University of Trieste, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, Trieste, Italy
| | - Vilmantas Giedraitis
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Molecular Geriatrics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Christian Gieger
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Centre for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Centre for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Giorgia Girotto
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
- University of Trieste, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, Trieste, Italy
| | - Martin Gögele
- Eurac Research, Institute for Biomedicine, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Scott D Gordon
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | | | - Vilmundur Gudnason
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kópavogur, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Toomas Haller
- Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Pavel Hamet
- Montreal University Hospital Research Centre, Centre Hospitalier de lUniversité de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Medpharmgene, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Tamara B Harris
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Caroline Hayward
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Andrew A Hicks
- Eurac Research, Institute for Biomedicine, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Edith Hofer
- Clinical Division of Neurogeriatrics, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Hilma Holm
- deCODE Genetics, Amgen Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Genetics, Shanghai-MOST Key Laboratory of Health and Disease Genomics, Chinese National Human Genome Centre, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Industrial Technology Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - Nina Hutri-Kähönen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, and Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center-Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Shih-Jen Hwang
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
- The Centre for Population Studies, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Framingham, MA, USA
| | - M Arfan Ikram
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Raychel M Lewis
- Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Erik Ingelsson
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Johanna Jakobsdottir
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kópavogur, Iceland
- The Centre of Public Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | | | - Helgi Jonsson
- Landspitalinn University Hospital, Reykjavík, Iceland
- University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Peter K Joshi
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Navya Shilpa Josyula
- Geisinger Research, Biomedical and Translational Informatics Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Bettina Jung
- Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Mika Kähönen
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Tampere University Hospital, and Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center - Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Yoichiro Kamatani
- Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Centre for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama (Kanagawa), Japan
- Kyoto-McGill International Collaborative School in Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kanai
- Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Centre for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama (Kanagawa), Japan
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shona M Kerr
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Wieland Kiess
- LIFE Research Centre for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Women and Child Health, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Centre for Pediatric Research, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Marcus E Kleber
- Fifth Department of Medicine (Nephrology, Hypertensiology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology, Diabetology), Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Koenig
- Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Jaspal S Kooner
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital, London, UK
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Imperial College London, London, UK
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, 323 School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Antje Körner
- LIFE Research Centre for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Women and Child Health, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Centre for Pediatric Research, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Peter Kovacs
- Integrated Research and Treatment Centre Adiposity Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Bernhard K Krämer
- Fifth Department of Medicine (Nephrology, Hypertensiology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology, Diabetology), Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Florian Kronenberg
- Division of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Medical Genetics, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Michiaki Kubo
- RIKEN Centre for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama (Kanagawa), Japan
| | - Brigitte Kühnel
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Centre for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Martina La Bianca
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
| | - Leslie A Lange
- Division of Biomedical Informatics and Personalized Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver-Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Benjamin Lehne
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, and Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center-Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Markus Loeffler
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- LIFE Research Centre for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ruth J F Loos
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- The Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, and Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center-Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Reedik Magi
- Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Anubha Mahajan
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Nicholas G Martin
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Winfried März
- Fifth Department of Medicine (Nephrology, Hypertensiology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology, Diabetology), Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
- Synlab Academy, Synlab Holding Deutschland GmbH, Mannheim, Germany
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | | | - Koichi Matsuda
- Laboratory of Clinical Genome Sequencing, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Christa Meisinger
- Independent Research Group Clinical Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Centre for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München at UNIKA-T Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Meitinger
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Andres Metspalu
- Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Yuri Milaneschi
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Neuroscience and Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Christopher J O'Donnell
- VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Otis D Wilson
- Vanderbilt University Medical Centre, Division of Nephrology & Hypertension, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - J Michael Gaziano
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Massachusetts Veterans Epidemiology Research and Information Center, VA Cooperative Studies Program, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Pashupati P Mishra
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, and Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center-Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Karen L Mohlke
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Nina Mononen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, and Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center-Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | | | - Dennis O Mook-Kanamori
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Martina Müller-Nurasyid
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Centre for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Chair of Genetic Epidemiology, IBE, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine I (Cardiology), Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Girish N Nadkarni
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mike A Nalls
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Data Tecnica International, Glen Echo, MD, USA
| | - Matthias Nauck
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Kjell Nikus
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Cardiology, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center-Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Boting Ning
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ilja M Nolte
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Raymond Noordam
- Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | | | - Isleifur Olafsson
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Sandosh Padmanabhan
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Brenda W J H Penninx
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Neuroscience and Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Thomas Perls
- Department of Medicine, Geriatrics Section, Boston Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Annette Peters
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Centre for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Mario Pirastu
- Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research, National Research Council of Italy, UOS of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Nicola Pirastu
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Giorgio Pistis
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ozren Polasek
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Split, Split, Croatia
- Gen-info Ltd, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Belen Ponte
- Nephrology Service, Department of Specialties in Internal Medicine, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - David J Porteous
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Tanja Poulain
- LIFE Research Centre for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Michael H Preuss
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ton J Rabelink
- Section of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory of Experimental Vascular Research, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Laura M Raffield
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Olli T Raitakari
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Rainer Rettig
- Institute of Physiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Karlsburg, Germany
| | - Myriam Rheinberger
- Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Kenneth M Rice
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Federica Rizzi
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milano, Italy
- ePhood Scientific Unit, ePhood SRL, Milano, Italy
| | - Antonietta Robino
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
| | - Igor Rudan
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Alena Krajcoviechova
- Center for Cardiovascular Prevention, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Thomayer Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
- Thomayer Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Renata Cifkova
- Center for Cardiovascular Prevention, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Thomayer Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Medicine II, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Rico Rueedi
- Department of Computational Biology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Daniela Ruggiero
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics Adriano Buzzati-Traverso-CNR, Naples, Italy
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Kathleen A Ryan
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yasaman Saba
- Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Gottfried Schatz Research Centre for Cell Signaling, Metabolism and Aging, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Erika Salvi
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milano, Italy
- Neurology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Helena Schmidt
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Reinhold Schmidt
- Clinical Division of Neurogeriatrics, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Christian M Shaffer
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Albert V Smith
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Blair H Smith
- Division of Population Health and Genomics, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | | | - Konstantin Strauch
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Centre for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Chair of Genetic Epidemiology, IBE, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Stumvoll
- Division of Endocrinology, Nephrology and Rheumatology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Salman M Tajuddin
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Andrej Teren
- LIFE Research Centre for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Heart Centre Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Joachim Thiery
- LIFE Research Centre for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Chris H L Thio
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | | | | | - Anke Tönjes
- Department of Endocrinology and Nephrology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Johanne Tremblay
- Montreal University Hospital Research Centre, Centre Hospitalier de lUniversité de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - André G Uitterlinden
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Simona Vaccargiu
- Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research, National Research Council of Italy, UOS of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Pim van der Harst
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
- Durrer Centre for Cardiovascular Research, the Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Cornelia M van Duijn
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Niek Verweij
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
- Genomics plc, Oxford, UK
| | - Uwe Völker
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Peter Vollenweider
- Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Gerard Waeber
- Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Melanie Waldenberger
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Centre for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Centre for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - John B Whitfield
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Sarah H Wild
- Centre for Population Health Sciences, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - James F Wilson
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Qiong Yang
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Weihua Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital, London, UK
| | - Alan B Zonderman
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Murielle Bochud
- Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - James G Wilson
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Centre, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Sarah A Pendergrass
- Geisinger Research, Biomedical and Translational Informatics Institute, Danville, PA, USA
| | - Kevin Ho
- Kidney Health Research Institute, Geisinger, Danville, PA, USA
- Department of Nephrology, Geisinger, Danville, PA, USA
| | - Afshin Parsa
- Division of Kidney, Urologic and Hematologic Diseases, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Bruce M Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, Department of Epidemiology, Department of Health Service, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Carsten A Böger
- Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kliniken Südostbayern AG, Traunstein, Germany
| | - Harold Snieder
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Adam S Butterworth
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Yukinori Okada
- Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Centre for Integrative Medical Sciences, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Todd L Edwards
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Centre, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System (626)/Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | | - Katalin Susztak
- Department of Medicine and Genetics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Markus Scholz
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- LIFE Research Centre for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Iris M Heid
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Adriana M Hung
- Vanderbilt University Medical Centre, Division of Nephrology & Hypertension, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System (626)/Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Alexander Teumer
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | | | - Owen M Woodward
- Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Veronique Vitart
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Anna Köttgen
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Biometry, Epidemiology and Medical Bioinformatics, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
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Zouk H, Venner E, Lennon NJ, Muzny DM, Abrams D, Adunyah S, Albertson-Junkans L, Ames DC, Appelbaum P, Aronson S, Aufox S, Babb LJ, Balasubramanian A, Bangash H, Basford M, Bastarache L, Baxter S, Behr M, Benoit B, Bhoj E, Bielinski SJ, Bland HT, Blout C, Borthwick K, Bottinger EP, Bowser M, Brand H, Brilliant M, Brodeur W, Caraballo P, Carrell D, Carroll A, Almoguera B, Castillo L, Castro V, Chandanavelli G, Chiang T, Chisholm RL, Christensen KD, Chung W, Chute CG, City B, Cobb BL, Connolly JJ, Crane P, Crew K, Crosslin D, De Andrade M, De la Cruz J, Denson S, Denny J, DeSmet T, Dikilitas O, Friedrich C, Fullerton SM, Funke B, Gabriel S, Gainer V, Gharavi A, Glazer AM, Glessner JT, Goehringer J, Gordon AS, Graham C, Green RC, Gundelach JH, Dayal J, Hain HS, Hakonarson H, Harden MV, Harley J, Harr M, Hartzler A, Hayes MG, Hebbring S, Henrikson N, Hershey A, Hoell C, Holm I, Howell KM, Hripcsak G, Hu J, Jarvik GP, Jayaseelan JC, Jiang Y, Joo YY, Jose S, Josyula NS, Justice AE, Kalla SE, Kalra D, Karlson E, Kelly MA, Keating BJ, Kenny EE, Key D, Kiryluk K, Kitchner T, Klanderman B, Klee E, Kochan DC, Korchina V, Kottyan L, Kovar C, Kudalkar E, Kullo IJ, Lammers P, Larson EB, Lebo MS, Leduc M, Lee MT(M, Leppig KA, Leslie ND, Li R, Liang WH, Lin CF, Linder J, Lindor NM, Lingren T, Linneman JG, Liu C, Liu W, Liu X, Lynch J, Lyon H, Macbeth A, Mahadeshwar H, Mahanta L, Malin B, Manolio T, Marasa M, Marsolo K, Dinsmore MJ, Dodge S, Hynes ED, Dunlea P, Edwards TL, Eng CM, Fasel D, Fedotov A, Feng Q, Fleharty M, Foster A, Freimuth R, McGowan ML, McNally E, Meldrim J, Mentch F, Mosley J, Mukherjee S, Mullen TE, Muniz J, Murdock DR, Murphy S, Murugan M, Myers MF, Namjou B, Ni Y, Obeng AO, Onofrio RC, Taylor CO, Person TN, Peterson JF, Petukhova L, Pisieczko CJ, Pratap S, Prows CA, Puckelwartz MJ, Rahm AK, Raj R, Ralston JD, Ramaprasan A, Ramirez A, Rasmussen L, Rasmussen-Torvik L, Rasouly HM, Raychaudhuri S, Ritchie MD, Rives C, Riza B, Roden D, Rosenthal EA, Santani A, Schaid D, Scherer S, Scott S, Scrol A, Sengupta S, Shang N, Sharma H, Sharp RR, Singh R, Sleiman PM, Slowik K, Smith JC, Smith ME, Smoller JW, Sohn S, Stanaway IB, Starren J, Stroud M, Su J, Tolwinski K, Van Driest SL, Vargas SM, Varugheese M, Veenstra D, Verbitsky M, Vicente G, Wagner M, Walker K, Walunas T, Wang L, Wang Q, Wei WQ, Weiss ST, Wiesner GL, Wells Q, Weng C, White PS, Wiley KL, Williams JL, Williams MS, Wilson MW, Witkowski L, Woods LA, Woolf B, Wu TJ, Wynn J, Yang Y, Yi V, Zhang G, Zhang L, Rehm HL, Gibbs RA. Harmonizing Clinical Sequencing and Interpretation for the eMERGE III Network. Am J Hum Genet 2019; 105:588-605. [PMID: 31447099 PMCID: PMC6731372 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2019.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The advancement of precision medicine requires new methods to coordinate and deliver genetic data from heterogeneous sources to physicians and patients. The eMERGE III Network enrolled >25,000 participants from biobank and prospective cohorts of predominantly healthy individuals for clinical genetic testing to determine clinically actionable findings. The network developed protocols linking together the 11 participant collection sites and 2 clinical genetic testing laboratories. DNA capture panels targeting 109 genes were used for testing of DNA and sample collection, data generation, interpretation, reporting, delivery, and storage were each harmonized. A compliant and secure network enabled ongoing review and reconciliation of clinical interpretations, while maintaining communication and data sharing between clinicians and investigators. A total of 202 individuals had positive diagnostic findings relevant to the indication for testing and 1,294 had additional/secondary findings of medical significance deemed to be returnable, establishing data return rates for other testing endeavors. This study accomplished integration of structured genomic results into multiple electronic health record (EHR) systems, setting the stage for clinical decision support to enable genomic medicine. Further, the established processes enable different sequencing sites to harmonize technical and interpretive aspects of sequencing tests, a critical achievement toward global standardization of genomic testing. The eMERGE protocols and tools are available for widespread dissemination.
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40
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Moon JY, Louie TL, Jain D, Sofer T, Schurmann C, Below JE, Lai CQ, Aviles-Santa ML, Talavera GA, Smith CE, Petty LE, Bottinger EP, Chen YDI, Taylor KD, Daviglus ML, Cai J, Wang T, Tucker KL, Ordovás JM, Hanis CL, Loos RJF, Schneiderman N, Rotter JI, Kaplan RC, Qi Q. A Genome-Wide Association Study Identifies Blood Disorder-Related Variants Influencing Hemoglobin A 1c With Implications for Glycemic Status in U.S. Hispanics/Latinos. Diabetes Care 2019; 42:1784-1791. [PMID: 31213470 PMCID: PMC6702612 DOI: 10.2337/dc19-0168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to identify hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c)-associated genetic variants and examine their implications for glycemic status evaluated by HbA1c in U.S. Hispanics/Latinos with diverse genetic ancestries. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of HbA1c in 9,636 U.S. Hispanics/Latinos without diabetes from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos, followed by a replication among 4,729 U.S. Hispanics/Latinos from three independent studies. RESULTS Our GWAS and replication analyses showed 10 previously known and novel loci associated with HbA1c at genome-wide significance levels (P < 5.0 × 10-8). In particular, two African ancestry-specific variants, HBB-rs334 and G6PD-rs1050828, which are causal mutations for sickle cell disease and G6PD deficiency, respectively, had ∼10 times larger effect sizes on HbA1c levels (β = -0.31% [-3.4 mmol/mol]) and -0.35% [-3.8 mmol/mol] per minor allele, respectively) compared with other HbA1c-associated variants (0.03-0.04% [0.3-0.4 mmol/mol] per allele). A novel Amerindian ancestry-specific variant, HBM-rs145546625, was associated with HbA1c and hematologic traits but not with fasting glucose. The prevalence of hyperglycemia (prediabetes and diabetes) defined using fasting glucose or oral glucose tolerance test 2-h glucose was similar between carriers of HBB-rs334 or G6PD-rs1050828 HbA1c-lowering alleles and noncarriers, whereas the prevalence of hyperglycemia defined using HbA1c was significantly lower in carriers than in noncarriers (12.2% vs. 28.4%, P < 0.001). After recalibration of the HbA1c level taking HBB-rs334 and G6PD-rs1050828 into account, the prevalence of hyperglycemia in carriers was similar to noncarriers (31.3% vs. 28.4%, P = 0.28). CONCLUSIONS This study in U.S. Hispanics/Latinos found several ancestry-specific alleles associated with HbA1c through erythrocyte-related rather than glycemic-related pathways. The potential influences of these nonglycemic-related variants need to be considered when the HbA1c test is performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jee-Young Moon
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Tin L Louie
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Deepti Jain
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Tamar Sofer
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA.,Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Claudia Schurmann
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Jennifer E Below
- Human Genetics Center, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX
| | - Chao-Qiang Lai
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA
| | | | - Gregory A Talavera
- Graduate School of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA
| | - Caren E Smith
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA
| | - Lauren E Petty
- Human Genetics Center, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX
| | - Erwin P Bottinger
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Yii-Der Ida Chen
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA
| | - Kent D Taylor
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA
| | - Martha L Daviglus
- Institute for Minority Health Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Jianwen Cai
- Department of Biostatistics and Collaborative Studies Coordinating Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Katherine L Tucker
- Department of Biomedical and Nutritional Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA
| | - José M Ordovás
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA.,IMDEA Food Institute, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Universidad Autónoma de Madrid-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Craig L Hanis
- Human Genetics Center, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX
| | - Ruth J F Loos
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | | | - Jerome I Rotter
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA
| | - Robert C Kaplan
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY.,Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Qibin Qi
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
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41
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Sung YJ, de las Fuentes L, Winkler TW, Chasman DI, Bentley AR, Kraja AT, Ntalla I, Warren HR, Guo X, Schwander K, Manning AK, Brown MR, Aschard H, Feitosa MF, Franceschini N, Lu Y, Cheng CY, Sim X, Vojinovic D, Marten J, Musani SK, Kilpeläinen TO, Richard MA, Aslibekyan S, Bartz TM, Dorajoo R, Li C, Liu Y, Rankinen T, Smith AV, Tajuddin SM, Tayo BO, Zhao W, Zhou Y, Matoba N, Sofer T, Alver M, Amini M, Boissel M, Chai JF, Chen X, Divers J, Gandin I, Gao C, Giulianini F, Goel A, Harris SE, Hartwig FP, He M, Horimoto ARVR, Hsu FC, Jackson AU, Kammerer CM, Kasturiratne A, Komulainen P, Kühnel B, Leander K, Lee WJ, Lin KH, Luan J, Lyytikäinen LP, McKenzie CA, Nelson CP, Noordam R, Scott RA, Sheu WHH, Stančáková A, Takeuchi F, van der Most PJ, Varga TV, Waken RJ, Wang H, Wang Y, Ware EB, Weiss S, Wen W, Yanek LR, Zhang W, Zhao JH, Afaq S, Alfred T, Amin N, Arking DE, Aung T, Barr RG, Bielak LF, Boerwinkle E, Bottinger EP, Braund PS, Brody JA, Broeckel U, Cade B, Campbell A, Canouil M, Chakravarti A, Cocca M, Collins FS, Connell JM, de Mutsert R, de Silva HJ, Dörr M, Duan Q, Eaton CB, Ehret G, Evangelou E, Faul JD, Forouhi NG, Franco OH, Friedlander Y, Gao H, Gigante B, Gu CC, Gupta P, Hagenaars SP, Harris TB, He J, Heikkinen S, Heng CK, Hofman A, Howard BV, Hunt SC, Irvin MR, Jia Y, Katsuya T, Kaufman J, Kerrison ND, Khor CC, Koh WP, Koistinen HA, Kooperberg CB, Krieger JE, Kubo M, Kutalik Z, Kuusisto J, Lakka TA, Langefeld CD, Langenberg C, Launer LJ, Lee JH, Lehne B, Levy D, Lewis CE, Li Y, Lim SH, Liu CT, Liu J, Liu J, Liu Y, Loh M, Lohman KK, Louie T, Mägi R, Matsuda K, Meitinger T, Metspalu A, Milani L, Momozawa Y, Mosley, Jr TH, Nalls MA, Nasri U, O'Connell JR, Ogunniyi A, Palmas WR, Palmer ND, Pankow JS, Pedersen NL, Peters A, Peyser PA, Polasek O, Porteous D, Raitakari OT, Renström F, Rice TK, Ridker PM, Robino A, Robinson JG, Rose LM, Rudan I, Sabanayagam C, Salako BL, Sandow K, Schmidt CO, Schreiner PJ, Scott WR, Sever P, Sims M, Sitlani CM, Smith BH, Smith JA, Snieder H, Starr JM, Strauch K, Tang H, Taylor KD, Teo YY, Tham YC, Uitterlinden AG, Waldenberger M, Wang L, Wang YX, Wei WB, Wilson G, Wojczynski MK, Xiang YB, Yao J, Yuan JM, Zonderman AB, Becker DM, Boehnke M, Bowden DW, Chambers JC, Chen YDI, Weir DR, de Faire U, Deary IJ, Esko T, Farrall M, Forrester T, Freedman BI, Froguel P, Gasparini P, Gieger C, Horta BL, Hung YJ, Jonas JB, Kato N, Kooner JS, Laakso M, Lehtimäki T, Liang KW, Magnusson PKE, Oldehinkel AJ, Pereira AC, Perls T, Rauramaa R, Redline S, Rettig R, Samani NJ, Scott J, Shu XO, van der Harst P, Wagenknecht LE, Wareham NJ, Watkins H, Wickremasinghe AR, Wu T, Kamatani Y, Laurie CC, Bouchard C, Cooper RS, Evans MK, Gudnason V, Hixson J, Kardia SLR, Kritchevsky SB, Psaty BM, van Dam RM, Arnett DK, Mook-Kanamori DO, Fornage M, Fox ER, Hayward C, van Duijn CM, Tai ES, Wong TY, Loos RJF, Reiner AP, Rotimi CN, Bierut LJ, Zhu X, Cupples LA, Province MA, Rotter JI, Franks PW, Rice K, Elliott P, Caulfield MJ, Gauderman WJ, Munroe PB, Rao DC, Morrison AC. A multi-ancestry genome-wide study incorporating gene-smoking interactions identifies multiple new loci for pulse pressure and mean arterial pressure. Hum Mol Genet 2019; 28:2615-2633. [PMID: 31127295 PMCID: PMC6644157 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddz070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Revised: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Elevated blood pressure (BP), a leading cause of global morbidity and mortality, is influenced by both genetic and lifestyle factors. Cigarette smoking is one such lifestyle factor. Across five ancestries, we performed a genome-wide gene-smoking interaction study of mean arterial pressure (MAP) and pulse pressure (PP) in 129 913 individuals in stage 1 and follow-up analysis in 480 178 additional individuals in stage 2. We report here 136 loci significantly associated with MAP and/or PP. Of these, 61 were previously published through main-effect analysis of BP traits, 37 were recently reported by us for systolic BP and/or diastolic BP through gene-smoking interaction analysis and 38 were newly identified (P < 5 × 10-8, false discovery rate < 0.05). We also identified nine new signals near known loci. Of the 136 loci, 8 showed significant interaction with smoking status. They include CSMD1 previously reported for insulin resistance and BP in the spontaneously hypertensive rats. Many of the 38 new loci show biologic plausibility for a role in BP regulation. SLC26A7 encodes a chloride/bicarbonate exchanger expressed in the renal outer medullary collecting duct. AVPR1A is widely expressed, including in vascular smooth muscle cells, kidney, myocardium and brain. FHAD1 is a long non-coding RNA overexpressed in heart failure. TMEM51 was associated with contractile function in cardiomyocytes. CASP9 plays a central role in cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Identified only in African ancestry were 30 novel loci. Our findings highlight the value of multi-ancestry investigations, particularly in studies of interaction with lifestyle factors, where genomic and lifestyle differences may contribute to novel findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Ju Sung
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Lisa de las Fuentes
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Thomas W Winkler
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Daniel I Chasman
- Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Amy R Bentley
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Aldi T Kraja
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Ioanna Ntalla
- Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Helen R Warren
- Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- NIHR Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Centre, Queen Mary University of London, London, London, UK
| | - Xiuqing Guo
- Division of Genomic Outcomes, Department of Pediatrics, The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Karen Schwander
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Alisa K Manning
- Center for Human Genetics Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Michael R Brown
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Hugues Aschard
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Centre de Bioinformatique, Biostatistique et Biologie Intégrative (C3BI), Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Mary F Feitosa
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Nora Franceschini
- Epidemiology, University of North Carolina Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Yingchang Lu
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ching-Yu Cheng
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xueling Sim
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University Health System and National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Dina Vojinovic
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jonathan Marten
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Solomon K Musani
- Jackson Heart Study, Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Tuomas O Kilpeläinen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Melissa A Richard
- Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Stella Aslibekyan
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Traci M Bartz
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Biostatistics and Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Rajkumar Dorajoo
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Changwei Li
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Georgia at Athens College of Public Health, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Yongmei Liu
- Public Health Sciences, Epidemiology and Prevention, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Tuomo Rankinen
- Human Genomics Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Albert Vernon Smith
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Salman M Tajuddin
- Health Disparities Research Section, Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Bamidele O Tayo
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Yanhua Zhou
- Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nana Matoba
- Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Tamar Sofer
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Maris Alver
- Estonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Marzyeh Amini
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen RB, The Netherlands
| | - Mathilde Boissel
- CNRS UMR 8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, University of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Jin Fang Chai
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University Health System and National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xu Chen
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jasmin Divers
- Biostatistical Sciences, Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Ilaria Gandin
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Chuan Gao
- Molecular Genetics and Genomics Program, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | | | - Anuj Goel
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, Oxfordshire, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, Oxfordshire, UK
| | - Sarah E Harris
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Medical Genetics Section, University of Edinburgh Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine and MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Fernando P Hartwig
- Postgraduate Programme in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Meian He
- Lab Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Cardiology, Heart Institute, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, CA, USA
| | - Andrea R V R Horimoto
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Fang-Chi Hsu
- Biostatistical Sciences, Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Anne U Jackson
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Candace M Kammerer
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kelaniya, Ragama, Sri Lanka
| | - Anuradhani Kasturiratne
- Foundation for Research in Health Exercise and Nutrition, Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Pirjo Komulainen
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Brigitte Kühnel
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Karin Leander
- Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Department of Social Work, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Jane Lee
- Ophthalmology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Keng-Hung Lin
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jian’an Luan
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
| | - Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center—Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
- Tropical Metabolism Research Unit, Tropical Medicine Research Institute, University of the West Indies, Mona, Jamaica
| | - Colin A McKenzie
- School of Public Health, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, Tongi Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Christopher P Nelson
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Raymond Noordam
- Internal Medicine, Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Robert A Scott
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
| | - Wayne H H Sheu
- Endocrinology and Metabolism, Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang-ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Medical Technology, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Alena Stančáková
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Fumihiko Takeuchi
- Department of Gene Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Peter J van der Most
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen RB, The Netherlands
| | - Tibor V Varga
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Robert J Waken
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Heming Wang
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yajuan Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Erin B Ware
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Stefan Weiss
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Ernst Moritz Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Health), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Wanqing Wen
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Lisa R Yanek
- General Internal Medicine, GeneSTAR Research Program, Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Weihua Zhang
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital, Middlesex, UK
| | - Jing Hua Zhao
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
| | - Saima Afaq
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Tamuno Alfred
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Najaf Amin
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dan E Arking
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Tin Aung
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - R Graham Barr
- Departments of Medicine and Epidemiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lawrence F Bielak
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Erwin P Bottinger
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Peter S Braund
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Jennifer A Brody
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ulrich Broeckel
- Section of Genomic Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Medicine and Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Brian Cade
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Archie Campbell
- Centre for Genomic & Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics & Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Mickaël Canouil
- CNRS UMR 8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, University of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Aravinda Chakravarti
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Francis S Collins
- Medical Genomics and Metabolic Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - John M Connell
- Ninewells Hospital & Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland, UK
| | - Renée de Mutsert
- Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - H Janaka de Silva
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kelaniya, Ragama, Sri Lanka
| | - Marcus Dörr
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Health), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Qing Duan
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, USA
| | - Charles B Eaton
- Department of Family Medicine and Epidemiology, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Georg Ehret
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Cardiology, Department of Specialties of Medicine, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Evangelos Evangelou
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina Medical School, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Jessica D Faul
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Nita G Forouhi
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
| | - Oscar H Franco
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Yechiel Friedlander
- Braun School of Public Health, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - He Gao
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Bruna Gigante
- Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Department of Social Work, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - C Charles Gu
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Preeti Gupta
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Saskia P Hagenaars
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Psychology, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Tamara B Harris
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jiang He
- Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
- Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Sami Heikkinen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio Campus, Finland
| | - Chew-Kiat Heng
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Khoo Teck Puat—National University Children’s Medical Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Albert Hofman
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Barbara V Howard
- MedStar Health Research Institute, Hyattsville, MD, USA
- Center for Clinical and Translational Sciences and Department of Medicine, Georgetown–Howard Universities, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Steven C Hunt
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Marguerite R Irvin
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Yucheng Jia
- Division of Genomic Outcomes, Department of Pediatrics, The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Tomohiro Katsuya
- Department of Clinical Gene Therapy, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
- Department of Geriatric Medicine and Nephrology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Joel Kaufman
- Epidemiology, Occupational and Environmental Medicine Program, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Nicola D Kerrison
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
| | - Chiea Chuen Khor
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Biochemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Woon-Puay Koh
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University Health System and National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Health Services and Systems Research, Duke–NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Heikki A Koistinen
- Department of Public Health Solutions, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Medicine and Abdominal Center: Endocrinology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Biomedicum 2U, Helsinki Finland
| | - Charles B Kooperberg
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jose E Krieger
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Michiaki Kubo
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Zoltan Kutalik
- Institute of Social Preventive Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Johanna Kuusisto
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Timo A Lakka
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio Campus, Finland
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Carl D Langefeld
- Biostatistical Sciences, Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | | | - Lenore J Launer
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Joseph H Lee
- Sergievsky Center, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Benjamin Lehne
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Daniel Levy
- NHLBI Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
- The Population Sciences Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Cora E Lewis
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Yize Li
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | | | - Sing Hui Lim
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ching-Ti Liu
- Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University Health System and National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jingmin Liu
- WHI CCC, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Yeheng Liu
- Division of Genomic Outcomes, Department of Pediatrics, The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Marie Loh
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Translational Laboratory in Genetic Medicine, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore
| | - Kurt K Lohman
- Biostatistical Sciences, Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Tin Louie
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Reedik Mägi
- Estonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Koichi Matsuda
- Laboratory for Clinical Genome Sequencing, Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Japan
| | - Thomas Meitinger
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Andres Metspalu
- Estonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Lili Milani
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Yukihide Momozawa
- Laboratory for Genotyping Development, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | | | - Mike A Nalls
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ubaydah Nasri
- Division of Genomic Outcomes, Department of Pediatrics, The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Jeff R O'Connell
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | | | | | - James S Pankow
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Nancy L Pedersen
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Annette Peters
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Patricia A Peyser
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Ozren Polasek
- Department of Public Health, Department of Medicine, University of Split, Split, Croatia
- Psychiatric Hospital ‘Sveti Ivan’, Zagreb, Croatia
- Gen-info Ltd, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - David Porteous
- Centre for Genomic & Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics & Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Olli T Raitakari
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Frida Renström
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Västerbotten, Sweden
| | - Treva K Rice
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Paul M Ridker
- Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Antonietta Robino
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health—IRCCS ‘Burlo Garofolo’, Trieste, Italy
| | - Jennifer G Robinson
- Department of Epidemiology and Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Lynda M Rose
- Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Igor Rudan
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Charumathi Sabanayagam
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Kevin Sandow
- Division of Genomic Outcomes, Department of Pediatrics, The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Carsten O Schmidt
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Health), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Pamela J Schreiner
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - William R Scott
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Peter Sever
- International Centre for Circulatory Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Mario Sims
- Jackson Heart Study, Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Colleen M Sitlani
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Blair H Smith
- Division of Population Health Sciences, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Jennifer A Smith
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Harold Snieder
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen RB, The Netherlands
| | - John M Starr
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Alzheimer Scotland Dementia Research Centre, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Konstantin Strauch
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Genetic Epidemiology, IBE, Faculty of Medicine, LMU, Munich, Germany
| | - Hua Tang
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Kent D Taylor
- Division of Genomic Outcomes, Department of Pediatrics, The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Yik Ying Teo
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University Health System and National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- NUS Graduate School for Integrative Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Statistics and Applied Probability, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yih Chung Tham
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - André G Uitterlinden
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Melanie Waldenberger
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Lihua Wang
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Ya Xing Wang
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Science Key Lab, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wen Bin Wei
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Gregory Wilson
- Jackson Heart Study, School of Public Health, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Mary K Wojczynski
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Yong-Bing Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogene and Related Genes & Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Jie Yao
- Division of Genomic Outcomes, Department of Pediatrics, The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Jian-Min Yuan
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, UPMC Hillman Cancer, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Alan B Zonderman
- Behavioral Epidemiology Section, Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Diane M Becker
- General Internal Medicine, GeneSTAR Research Program, Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Michael Boehnke
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Donald W Bowden
- Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - John C Chambers
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital, Middlesex, UK
| | - Yii-Der Ida Chen
- Division of Genomic Outcomes, Department of Pediatrics, The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - David R Weir
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Ulf de Faire
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ian J Deary
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Psychology, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Tõnu Esko
- Estonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
- Broad Institute of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Martin Farrall
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, Oxfordshire, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, Oxfordshire, UK
| | - Terrence Forrester
- Tropical Metabolism Research Unit, Tropical Medicine Research Institute, University of the West Indies, Mona, Jamaica
| | - Barry I Freedman
- Nephrology, Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Philippe Froguel
- CNRS UMR 8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, University of Lille, Lille, France
- Department of Genomics of Common Disease, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Paolo Gasparini
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Christian Gieger
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Bernardo Lessa Horta
- Postgraduate Programme in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Yi-Jen Hung
- Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei City, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jost Bruno Jonas
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Norihiro Kato
- Department of Gene Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jaspal S Kooner
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital, Middlesex, UK
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Markku Laakso
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center—Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Kae-Woei Liang
- School of Medicine, National Yang-ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Cardiovascular Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Patrik K E Magnusson
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Albertine J Oldehinkel
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen RB, The Netherlands
| | - Alexandre C Pereira
- Lab Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Cardiology, Heart Institute, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, CA, USA
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Thomas Perls
- Geriatrics Section, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rainer Rauramaa
- Foundation for Research in Health Exercise and Nutrition, Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Susan Redline
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rainer Rettig
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Health), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Institute of Physiology, University of Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Nilesh J Samani
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - James Scott
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Xiao-Ou Shu
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Pim van der Harst
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen RB, The Netherlands
| | - Lynne E Wagenknecht
- Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | | | - Hugh Watkins
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, Oxfordshire, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, Oxfordshire, UK
| | | | - Tangchun Wu
- School of Public Health, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, Tongi Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yoichiro Kamatani
- Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Cathy C Laurie
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Claude Bouchard
- Human Genomics Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Richard S Cooper
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Michele K Evans
- Health Disparities Research Section, Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Vilmundur Gudnason
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - James Hixson
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sharon L R Kardia
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Stephen B Kritchevsky
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Bruce M Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Epidemiology, Medicine and Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Rob M van Dam
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University Health System and National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Donna K Arnett
- Dean’s Office, University of Kentucky College of Public Health, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Dennis O Mook-Kanamori
- Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Myriam Fornage
- Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ervin R Fox
- Cardiology, Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Caroline Hayward
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Cornelia M van Duijn
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - E Shyong Tai
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University Health System and National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Health Services and Systems Research, Duke–NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tien Yin Wong
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ruth J F Loos
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, The Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alex P Reiner
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Charles N Rotimi
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Laura J Bierut
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Xiaofeng Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - L Adrienne Cupples
- Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Michael A Province
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- Division of Genomic Outcomes, Department of Pediatrics, The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Paul W Franks
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
- Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Department of Nutrition, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Public Health & Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Västerbotten, Sweden
| | - Kenneth Rice
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Paul Elliott
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Mark J Caulfield
- Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- NIHR Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Centre, Queen Mary University of London, London, London, UK
| | - W James Gauderman
- Biostatistics, Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Patricia B Munroe
- Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- NIHR Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Centre, Queen Mary University of London, London, London, UK
| | - Dabeeru C Rao
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Alanna C Morrison
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
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Saccone NL, Emery LS, Sofer T, Gogarten SM, Becker DM, Bottinger EP, Chen LS, Culverhouse RC, Duan W, Hancock DB, Hosgood HD, Johnson EO, Loos RJF, Louie T, Papanicolaou G, Perreira KM, Rodriquez EJ, Schurmann C, Stilp AM, Szpiro AA, Talavera GA, Taylor KD, Thrasher JF, Yanek LR, Laurie CC, Pérez-Stable EJ, Bierut LJ, Kaplan RC. Genome-Wide Association Study of Heavy Smoking and Daily/Nondaily Smoking in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL). Nicotine Tob Res 2019; 20:448-457. [PMID: 28520984 DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntx107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Genetic variants associated with nicotine dependence have previously been identified, primarily in European-ancestry populations. No genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have been reported for smoking behaviors in Hispanics/Latinos in the United States and Latin America, who are of mixed ancestry with European, African, and American Indigenous components. Methods We examined genetic associations with smoking behaviors in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL) (N = 12 741 with smoking data, 5119 ever-smokers), using ~2.3 million genotyped variants imputed to the 1000 Genomes Project phase 3. Mixed logistic regression models accounted for population structure, sampling, relatedness, sex, and age. Results The known region of CHRNA5, which encodes the α5 cholinergic nicotinic receptor subunit, was associated with heavy smoking at genome-wide significance (p ≤ 5 × 10-8) in a comparison of 1929 ever-smokers reporting cigarettes per day (CPD) > 10 versus 3156 reporting CPD ≤ 10. The functional variant rs16969968 in CHRNA5 had a p value of 2.20 × 10-7 and odds ratio (OR) of 1.32 for the minor allele (A); its minor allele frequency was 0.22 overall and similar across Hispanic/Latino background groups (Central American = 0.17; South American = 0.19; Mexican = 0.18; Puerto Rican = 0.22; Cuban = 0.29; Dominican = 0.19). CHRNA4 on chromosome 20 attained p < 10-4, supporting prior findings in non-Hispanics. For nondaily smoking, which is prevalent in Hispanic/Latino smokers, compared to daily smoking, loci on chromosomes 2 and 4 achieved genome-wide significance; replication attempts were limited by small Hispanic/Latino sample sizes. Conclusions Associations of nicotinic receptor gene variants with smoking, first reported in non-Hispanic European-ancestry populations, generalized to Hispanics/Latinos despite different patterns of smoking behavior. Implications We conducted the first large-scale genome-wide association study (GWAS) of smoking behavior in a US Hispanic/Latino cohort, and the first GWAS of daily/nondaily smoking in any population. Results show that the region of the nicotinic receptor subunit gene CHRNA5, which in non-Hispanic European-ancestry smokers has been associated with heavy smoking as well as cessation and treatment efficacy, is also significantly associated with heavy smoking in this Hispanic/Latino cohort. The results are an important addition to understanding the impact of genetic variants in understudied Hispanic/Latino smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy L Saccone
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Leslie S Emery
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Tamar Sofer
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | | | - Diane M Becker
- GeneSTAR Research Program, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Erwin P Bottinger
- Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Li-Shiun Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | | | - Weimin Duan
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Dana B Hancock
- Behavioral and Urban Health Program, Behavioral Health and Criminal Justice Division, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC
| | - H Dean Hosgood
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Eric O Johnson
- Fellow Program and Behavioral Health and Criminal Justice Division, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC
| | - Ruth J F Loos
- Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Tin Louie
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - George Papanicolaou
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Krista M Perreira
- Department of Public Policy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Erik J Rodriquez
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD.,Division of General Internal Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Claudia Schurmann
- Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Adrienne M Stilp
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Adam A Szpiro
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Gregory A Talavera
- Graduate School of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA
| | - Kent D Taylor
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA
| | - James F Thrasher
- Department of Health Promotion, Education and Behavior, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC
| | - Lisa R Yanek
- GeneSTAR Research Program, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Cathy C Laurie
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Eliseo J Pérez-Stable
- National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Laura J Bierut
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Robert C Kaplan
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
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Vishnu A, Belbin GM, Wojcik GL, Bottinger EP, Gignoux CR, Kenny EE, Loos RJF. The role of country of birth, and genetic and self-identified ancestry, in obesity susceptibility among African and Hispanic Americans. Am J Clin Nutr 2019; 110:16-23. [PMID: 31161206 PMCID: PMC6599741 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqz098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND African Americans (AAs) and Hispanic/Latinos (HLs) have higher risk of obesity than European Americans, possibly due to differences in environment and lifestyle, but also reflecting differences in genetic background. OBJECTIVE To gain insight into factors contributing to BMI (in kg/m2) and obesity risk (BMI ≥ 30) among ancestry groups, we investigate the role of self-reported ancestry, proportion of genetic African ancestry, and country of birth in 6368 self-identified AA and 7569 HL participants of the New York-based BioMe Biobank. METHODS AAs and HLs are admixed populations that trace their genetic ancestry to the Americas, Africa, and Europe. The proportion of African ancestry (PAA), quantified using ADMIXTURE, was higher among self-reported AA (median: 87%; IQR: 79-92%) than among HL (26%; 15-41%) participants. Approximately 18% of AA and 59% of HL participants were non-US-born. RESULTS Because of significant differences between sexes (PPAA*sex interaction = 4.8 × 10-22), we considered women and men separately. Among women, country of birth and genetic ancestry contributed independently to BMI. US-born women had a BMI 1.99 higher than those born abroad (P = 7.7 × 10-25). Every 10% increase in PAA was associated with a BMI 0.29 higher (P = 7.1 × 10-10). After accounting for PAA and country of birth, the contribution of self-reported ancestry was small (P = 0.046). The contribution of PAA to higher BMI was significantly more pronounced among US-born (0.35/10%PAA, P = 0.003) than among non-US-born (0.26/10%PAA, P = 0.01) women (PPAA*sex interaction = 0.004). In contrast, among men, only US-born status influenced BMI. US-born men had a BMI 1.33 higher than non-US-born men, whereas PAA and self-reported ancestry were not associated with BMI. Associations with obesity risk were similar to those observed for BMI. CONCLUSIONS Being US-born is associated with a substantially higher BMI and risk of obesity in both men and women. Genetic ancestry, but not self-reported ancestry, is associated with obesity susceptibility, but only among US-born women in this New York-based population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Vishnu
- The Genetics of Obesity and Related Metabolic Disease Program, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA,The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Gillian M Belbin
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA,Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Genevieve L Wojcik
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Erwin P Bottinger
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Christopher R Gignoux
- Division of Biomedical Informatics and Personalized Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Eimear E Kenny
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA,Department of Biomedical Data Science, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA,The Icahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA,The Center of Statistical Genetics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ruth J F Loos
- The Genetics of Obesity and Related Metabolic Disease Program, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA,The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA,The Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA,Address correspondence to RJFL (e-mail: )
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Turcot V, Lu Y, Highland HM, Schurmann C, Justice AE, Fine RS, Bradfield JP, Esko T, Giri A, Graff M, Guo X, Hendricks AE, Karaderi T, Lempradl A, Locke AE, Mahajan A, Marouli E, Sivapalaratnam S, Young KL, Alfred T, Feitosa MF, Masca NGD, Manning AK, Medina-Gomez C, Mudgal P, Ng MCY, Reiner AP, Vedantam S, Willems SM, Winkler TW, Abecasis G, Aben KK, Alam DS, Alharthi SE, Allison M, Amouyel P, Asselbergs FW, Auer PL, Balkau B, Bang LE, Barroso I, Bastarache L, Benn M, Bergmann S, Bielak LF, Blüher M, Boehnke M, Boeing H, Boerwinkle E, Böger CA, Bork-Jensen J, Bots ML, Bottinger EP, Bowden DW, Brandslund I, Breen G, Brilliant MH, Broer L, Brumat M, Burt AA, Butterworth AS, Campbell PT, Cappellani S, Carey DJ, Catamo E, Caulfield MJ, Chambers JC, Chasman DI, Chen YDI, Chowdhury R, Christensen C, Chu AY, Cocca M, Collins FS, Cook JP, Corley J, Galbany JC, Cox AJ, Crosslin DS, Cuellar-Partida G, D'Eustacchio A, Danesh J, Davies G, Bakker PIW, Groot MCH, Mutsert R, Deary IJ, Dedoussis G, Demerath EW, Heijer M, Hollander AI, Ruijter HM, Dennis JG, Denny JC, Di Angelantonio E, Drenos F, Du M, Dubé MP, Dunning AM, Easton DF, Edwards TL, Ellinghaus D, Ellinor PT, Elliott P, Evangelou E, Farmaki AE, Farooqi IS, Faul JD, Fauser S, Feng S, Ferrannini E, Ferrieres J, Florez JC, Ford I, Fornage M, Franco OH, Franke A, Franks PW, Friedrich N, Frikke-Schmidt R, Galesloot TE, Gan W, Gandin I, Gasparini P, Gibson J, Giedraitis V, Gjesing AP, Gordon-Larsen P, Gorski M, Grabe HJ, Grant SFA, Grarup N, Griffiths HL, Grove ML, Gudnason V, Gustafsson S, Haessler J, Hakonarson H, Hammerschlag AR, Hansen T, Harris KM, Harris TB, Hattersley AT, Have CT, Hayward C, He L, Heard-Costa NL, Heath AC, Heid IM, Helgeland Ø, Hernesniemi J, Hewitt AW, Holmen OL, Hovingh GK, Howson JMM, Hu Y, Huang PL, Huffman JE, Ikram MA, Ingelsson E, Jackson AU, Jansson JH, Jarvik GP, Jensen GB, Jia Y, Johansson S, Jørgensen ME, Jørgensen T, Jukema JW, Kahali B, Kahn RS, Kähönen M, Kamstrup PR, Kanoni S, Kaprio J, Karaleftheri M, Kardia SLR, Karpe F, Kathiresan S, Kee F, Kiemeney LA, Kim E, Kitajima H, Komulainen P, Kooner JS, Kooperberg C, Korhonen T, Kovacs P, Kuivaniemi H, Kutalik Z, Kuulasmaa K, Kuusisto J, Laakso M, Lakka TA, Lamparter D, Lange EM, Lange LA, Langenberg C, Larson EB, Lee NR, Lehtimäki T, Lewis CE, Li H, Li J, Li-Gao R, Lin H, Lin KH, Lin LA, Lin X, Lind L, Lindström J, Linneberg A, Liu CT, Liu DJ, Liu Y, Lo KS, Lophatananon A, Lotery AJ, Loukola A, Luan J, Lubitz SA, Lyytikäinen LP, Männistö S, Marenne G, Mazul AL, McCarthy MI, McKean-Cowdin R, Medland SE, Meidtner K, Milani L, Mistry V, Mitchell P, Mohlke KL, Moilanen L, Moitry M, Montgomery GW, Mook-Kanamori DO, Moore C, Mori TA, Morris AD, Morris AP, Müller-Nurasyid M, Munroe PB, Nalls MA, Narisu N, Nelson CP, Neville M, Nielsen SF, Nikus K, Njølstad PR, Nordestgaard BG, Nyholt DR, O'Connel JR, O'Donoghue ML, Loohuis LMO, Ophoff RA, Owen KR, Packard CJ, Padmanabhan S, Palmer CNA, Palmer ND, Pasterkamp G, Patel AP, Pattie A, Pedersen O, Peissig PL, Peloso GM, Pennell CE, Perola M, Perry JA, Perry JRB, Pers TH, Person TN, Peters A, Petersen ERB, Peyser PA, Pirie A, Polasek O, Polderman TJ, Puolijoki H, Raitakari OT, Rasheed A, Rauramaa R, Reilly DF, Renström F, Rheinberger M, Ridker PM, Rioux JD, Rivas MA, Roberts DJ, Robertson NR, Robino A, Rolandsson O, Rudan I, Ruth KS, Saleheen D, Salomaa V, Samani NJ, Sapkota Y, Sattar N, Schoen RE, Schreiner PJ, Schulze MB, Scott RA, Segura-Lepe MP, Shah SH, Sheu WHH, Sim X, Slater AJ, Small KS, Smith AV, Southam L, Spector TD, Speliotes EK, Starr JM, Stefansson K, Steinthorsdottir V, Stirrups KE, Strauch K, Stringham HM, Stumvoll M, Sun L, Surendran P, Swift AJ, Tada H, Tansey KE, Tardif JC, Taylor KD, Teumer A, Thompson DJ, Thorleifsson G, Thorsteinsdottir U, Thuesen BH, Tönjes A, Tromp G, Trompet S, Tsafantakis E, Tuomilehto J, Tybjaerg-Hansen A, Tyrer JP, Uher R, Uitterlinden AG, Uusitupa M, Laan SW, Duijn CM, Leeuwen N, van Setten J, Vanhala M, Varbo A, Varga TV, Varma R, Edwards DRV, Vermeulen SH, Veronesi G, Vestergaard H, Vitart V, Vogt TF, Völker U, Vuckovic D, Wagenknecht LE, Walker M, Wallentin L, Wang F, Wang CA, Wang S, Wang Y, Ware EB, Wareham NJ, Warren HR, Waterworth DM, Wessel J, White HD, Willer CJ, Wilson JG, Witte DR, Wood AR, Wu Y, Yaghootkar H, Yao J, Yao P, Yerges-Armstrong LM, Young R, Zeggini E, Zhan X, Zhang W, Zhao JH, Zhao W, Zhao W, Zhou W, Zondervan KT, Rotter JI, Pospisilik JA, Rivadeneira F, Borecki IB, Deloukas P, Frayling TM, Lettre G, North KE, Lindgren CM, Hirschhorn JN, Loos RJF. Publisher Correction: Protein-altering variants associated with body mass index implicate pathways that control energy intake and expenditure in obesity. Nat Genet 2019; 51:1191-1192. [PMID: 31160809 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-019-0447-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valérie Turcot
- Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Yingchang Lu
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
- Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Genetics of Obesity and Related Metabolic Traits Program, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Heather M Highland
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Human Genetics Center, University of Texas School of Public Health, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Claudia Schurmann
- Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Genetics of Obesity and Related Metabolic Traits Program, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Anne E Justice
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Rebecca S Fine
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Endocrinology and Center for Basic and Translational Obesity Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jonathan P Bradfield
- Center for Applied Genomics, Division of Human Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Quantinuum Research, LLC, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Tõnu Esko
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Division of Endocrinology and Center for Basic and Translational Obesity Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Ayush Giri
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Institute for Medicine and Public Health, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Mariaelisa Graff
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Xiuqing Guo
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Audrey E Hendricks
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK
- Department of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences, University of Colorado, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Tugce Karaderi
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Eastern Mediterranean University, Famagusta, Cyprus
| | - Adelheid Lempradl
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Adam E Locke
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Anubha Mahajan
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Eirini Marouli
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Suthesh Sivapalaratnam
- Department of Vascular Medicine, AMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Kristin L Young
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Tamuno Alfred
- Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mary F Feitosa
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Nicholas G D Masca
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
- NIHR Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Alisa K Manning
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Medical and Population Genetics Program, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Carolina Medina-Gomez
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Poorva Mudgal
- Center for Diabetes Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Maggie C Y Ng
- Center for Diabetes Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
- Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Alex P Reiner
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Sailaja Vedantam
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Endocrinology and Center for Basic and Translational Obesity Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sara M Willems
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge, UK
| | - Thomas W Winkler
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Gonçalo Abecasis
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Katja K Aben
- Netherlands Comprehensive Cancer Organisation, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Dewan S Alam
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science, Faculty of Health, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sameer E Alharthi
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- Princess Al-Jawhara Al-Brahim Centre of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders (PACER-HD), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Matthew Allison
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Philippe Amouyel
- INSERM U1167, Lille, France
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1167, Lille, France
- Université de Lille, U1167, RID-AGE, Risk Factors and Molecular Determinants of Aging-Related Diseases, Lille, France
| | - Folkert W Asselbergs
- Department of Cardiology, Division Heart and Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Durrer Center for Cardiogenetic Research, ICIN-Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science, Faculty of Population Health Sciences, University College London, London, UK
| | - Paul L Auer
- Zilber School of Public Health, University of Wisconsin- Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Beverley Balkau
- INSERM U1018, Centre de Recherche en Épidémiologie et Santé des Populations (CESP), Villejuif, France
| | - Lia E Bang
- Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Inês Barroso
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK
- Metabolic Research Laboratories, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Lisa Bastarache
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Marianne Benn
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sven Bergmann
- Department of Computational Biology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Lawrence F Bielak
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Matthias Blüher
- IFB Adiposity Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Michael Boehnke
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Heiner Boeing
- Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke (DIfE), Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- School of Public Health, Human Genetics Center, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Carsten A Böger
- Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Jette Bork-Jensen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Michiel L Bots
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Erwin P Bottinger
- Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Donald W Bowden
- Center for Diabetes Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
- Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Ivan Brandslund
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Lillebaelt Hospital, Vejle, Denmark
- Institute of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Gerome Breen
- MRC Social Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health, South London and Maudsley Hospital, London, UK
| | | | - Linda Broer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marco Brumat
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Amber A Burt
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Adam S Butterworth
- MRC/BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- NIHR Blood and Transplant Research Unit in Donor Health and Genomics, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Peter T Campbell
- Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Stefania Cappellani
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS 'Burlo Garofolo', Trieste, Italy
| | - David J Carey
- Weis Center for Research, Geisinger Health System, Danville, PA, USA
| | - Eulalia Catamo
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS 'Burlo Garofolo', Trieste, Italy
| | - Mark J Caulfield
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- NIHR Barts Cardiovascular Research Unit, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - John C Chambers
- Department of Cardiology, London North West Healthcare NHS Trust, Ealing Hospital, Middlesex, UK
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Daniel I Chasman
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yii-Der I Chen
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Rajiv Chowdhury
- MRC/BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Audrey Y Chu
- NHLBI Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
- Genetics and Pharmacogenomics, Merck, Sharp & Dohme, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Massimiliano Cocca
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Francis S Collins
- Medical Genomics and Metabolic Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, US National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - James P Cook
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Janie Corley
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Jordi Corominas Galbany
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- Department of Ophthalmology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Amanda J Cox
- Center for Diabetes Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
- Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Southport, Queensland, Australia
| | - David S Crosslin
- Department of Biomedical Informatics and Medical Education, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Gabriel Cuellar-Partida
- Diamantina Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Angela D'Eustacchio
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS 'Burlo Garofolo', Trieste, Italy
| | - John Danesh
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK
- MRC/BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- NIHR Blood and Transplant Research Unit in Donor Health and Genomics, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- British Heart Foundation Cambridge Centre of Excellence, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Gail Davies
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Paul I W Bakker
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Department of Genetics, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Mark C H Groot
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Haematology, Division of Laboratory and Pharmacy, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division Pharmacoepidemiology and Clinical Pharmacology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Renée Mutsert
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Ian J Deary
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - George Dedoussis
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - Ellen W Demerath
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Martin Heijer
- Department of Internal Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Anneke I Hollander
- Department of Ophthalmology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Hester M Ruijter
- Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, Division Heart and Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Joe G Dennis
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Josh C Denny
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Emanuele Di Angelantonio
- MRC/BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- NIHR Blood and Transplant Research Unit in Donor Health and Genomics, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Fotios Drenos
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, UK
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Mengmeng Du
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Marie-Pierre Dubé
- Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Alison M Dunning
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Douglas F Easton
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Todd L Edwards
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Institute for Medicine and Public Health, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - David Ellinghaus
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian Albrechts University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Patrick T Ellinor
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Medical and Population Genetics Program, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Paul Elliott
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Evangelos Evangelou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina Medical School, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Aliki-Eleni Farmaki
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - I Sadaf Farooqi
- Metabolic Research Laboratories, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jessica D Faul
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Sascha Fauser
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Shuang Feng
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Ele Ferrannini
- CNR Institute of Clinical Physiology, Pisa, Italy
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Jean Ferrieres
- Toulouse University School of Medicine, Toulouse, France
| | - Jose C Florez
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Medical and Population Genetics Program, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Ian Ford
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Myriam Fornage
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Oscar H Franco
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Andre Franke
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian Albrechts University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Paul W Franks
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Lund University, Malmo, Sweden
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Unit of Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Nele Friedrich
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Ruth Frikke-Schmidt
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tessel E Galesloot
- Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Wei Gan
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Paolo Gasparini
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS 'Burlo Garofolo', Trieste, Italy
| | - Jane Gibson
- Centre for Biological Sciences, Faculty of Natural and Environmental Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | | | - Anette P Gjesing
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Penny Gordon-Larsen
- Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Mathias Gorski
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
- Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Hans-Jörgen Grabe
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Rostock/Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Struan F A Grant
- Center for Applied Genomics, Division of Human Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Niels Grarup
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Helen L Griffiths
- Vision Sciences, Clinical Neurosciences Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Megan L Grove
- School of Public Health, Human Genetics Center, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Vilmundur Gudnason
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
| | - Stefan Gustafsson
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jeff Haessler
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Hakon Hakonarson
- Center for Applied Genomics, Division of Human Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Anke R Hammerschlag
- Department of Complex Trait Genetics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Amsterdam Neuroscience, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Torben Hansen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kathleen Mullan Harris
- Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Sociology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Tamara B Harris
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, Intramural Research Program, US National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Christian T Have
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Caroline Hayward
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Liang He
- Biodemography of Aging Research Unit, Social Science Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Nancy L Heard-Costa
- NHLBI Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andrew C Heath
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Iris M Heid
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Øyvind Helgeland
- Department of Pediatrics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- KG Jebsen Center for Diabetes Research, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Jussi Hernesniemi
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Center, Tampere University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center-Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Alex W Hewitt
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Centre for Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Lions Eye Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Menzies Research Institute Tasmania, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Oddgeir L Holmen
- KG Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - G Kees Hovingh
- Department of Vascular Medicine, AMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Joanna M M Howson
- MRC/BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Yao Hu
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Jennifer E Huffman
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - M Arfan Ikram
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Neurology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Radiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Erik Ingelsson
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Anne U Jackson
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jan-Håkan Jansson
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Research Unit Skellefteå, Skellefteå, Sweden
| | - Gail P Jarvik
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Gorm B Jensen
- Copenhagen City Heart Study, Frederiksberg Hospital, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Yucheng Jia
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Stefan Johansson
- KG Jebsen Center for Diabetes Research, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Center for Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Marit E Jørgensen
- National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark
| | - Torben Jørgensen
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Faculty of Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
- Research Center for Prevention and Health, Capital Region of Denmark, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - J Wouter Jukema
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Interuniversity Cardiology Institute of the Netherlands, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Bratati Kahali
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Centre for Brain Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| | - René S Kahn
- Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Mika Kähönen
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Pia R Kamstrup
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Stavroula Kanoni
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Jaakko Kaprio
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Sharon L R Kardia
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Fredrik Karpe
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Sekar Kathiresan
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Frank Kee
- UKCRC Centre of Excellence for Public Health Research, Queens University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Lambertus A Kiemeney
- Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Eric Kim
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Hidetoshi Kitajima
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Pirjo Komulainen
- Foundation for Research in Health Exercise and Nutrition, Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, Finland
- Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio Campus, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jaspal S Kooner
- Department of Cardiology, London North West Healthcare NHS Trust, Ealing Hospital, Middlesex, UK
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, UK
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Charles Kooperberg
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Tellervo Korhonen
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Peter Kovacs
- IFB Adiposity Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Helena Kuivaniemi
- Weis Center for Research, Geisinger Health System, Danville, PA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa
- Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa
| | - Zoltán Kutalik
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Kari Kuulasmaa
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Johanna Kuusisto
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Markku Laakso
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Timo A Lakka
- Foundation for Research in Health Exercise and Nutrition, Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, Finland
- Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio Campus, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - David Lamparter
- Department of Computational Biology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ethan M Lange
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Leslie A Lange
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Claudia Langenberg
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge, UK
| | - Eric B Larson
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Nanette R Lee
- Department of Anthropology, Sociology and History, University of San Carlos, Cebu City, Philippines
- USC-Office of Population Studies Foundation, Inc., University of San Carlos, Cebu City, Philippines
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center-Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Cora E Lewis
- Division of Preventive Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Huaixing Li
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin Li
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Ruifang Li-Gao
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Honghuang Lin
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Keng-Hung Lin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Li-An Lin
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Xu Lin
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Lars Lind
- Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jaana Lindström
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Allan Linneberg
- Research Center for Prevention and Health, Capital Region of Denmark, Glostrup, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Experimental Research, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ching-Ti Liu
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Dajiang J Liu
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Institute for Personalized Medicine, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Yongmei Liu
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Ken S Lo
- Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Artitaya Lophatananon
- Division of Health Sciences, Warwick Medical School, Warwick University, Coventry, UK
| | - Andrew J Lotery
- Vision Sciences, Clinical Neurosciences Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Anu Loukola
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jian'an Luan
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge, UK
| | - Steven A Lubitz
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Medical and Population Genetics Program, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center-Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Satu Männistö
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | | | - Mark I McCarthy
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Roberta McKean-Cowdin
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sarah E Medland
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Karina Meidtner
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke (DIfE), Nuthetal, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Lili Milani
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Vanisha Mistry
- Metabolic Research Laboratories, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Paul Mitchell
- Westmead Millennium Institute of Medical Research, Centre for Vision Research and Department of Ophthalmology, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Karen L Mohlke
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Leena Moilanen
- Department of Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Marie Moitry
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Department of Public Health, University Hospital of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Grant W Montgomery
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Dennis O Mook-Kanamori
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Carmel Moore
- NIHR Blood and Transplant Research Unit in Donor Health and Genomics, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- INTERVAL Coordinating Centre, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Trevor A Mori
- School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Andrew D Morris
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Andrew P Morris
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Martina Müller-Nurasyid
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Großhadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat, Munich, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Patricia B Munroe
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- NIHR Barts Cardiovascular Research Unit, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Mike A Nalls
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, US National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Data Tecnica International, Glen Echo, MD, USA
| | - Narisu Narisu
- Medical Genomics and Metabolic Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, US National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Christopher P Nelson
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
- NIHR Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Matt Neville
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Sune F Nielsen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kjell Nikus
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Center, Tampere University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Pål R Njølstad
- Department of Pediatrics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- KG Jebsen Center for Diabetes Research, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Børge G Nordestgaard
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Dale R Nyholt
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jeffrey R O'Connel
- Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Michelle L O'Donoghue
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Loes M Olde Loohuis
- Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Roel A Ophoff
- Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Katharine R Owen
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals Trust, Oxford, UK
| | | | | | - Colin N A Palmer
- Pat Macpherson Centre for Pharmacogenetics and Pharmacogenomics, Medical Research Institute, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, UK
| | - Nicholette D Palmer
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Gerard Pasterkamp
- Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, Division Heart and Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, Division of Laboratories and Pharmacy, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Aniruddh P Patel
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alison Pattie
- Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Oluf Pedersen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Gina M Peloso
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Craig E Pennell
- School of Women's and Infants' Health, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Markus Perola
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Diabetes and Obesity Research Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - James A Perry
- Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - John R B Perry
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge, UK
| | - Tune H Pers
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Annette Peters
- German Center for Diabetes Research, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Eva R B Petersen
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Biochemistry, Lillebaelt Hospital, Vejle, Denmark
| | - Patricia A Peyser
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Ailith Pirie
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ozren Polasek
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- School of Medicine, University of Split, Split, Croatia
| | - Tinca J Polderman
- Department of Complex Trait Genetics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Amsterdam Neuroscience, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Hannu Puolijoki
- Central Hospital of Southern Ostrobothnia, Seinäjoki, Finland
| | - Olli T Raitakari
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Asif Rasheed
- Centre for Non-Communicable Diseases, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Rainer Rauramaa
- Foundation for Research in Health Exercise and Nutrition, Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, Finland
- Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio Campus, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Dermot F Reilly
- Genetics and Pharmacogenomics, Merck, Sharp & Dohme, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Frida Renström
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Lund University, Malmo, Sweden
- Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Myriam Rheinberger
- Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Paul M Ridker
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - John D Rioux
- Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Manuel A Rivas
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - David J Roberts
- NIHR Blood and Transplant Research Unit in Donor Health and Genomics, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- NHS Blood and Transplant-Oxford Centre, Oxford, UK
- BRC Haematology Theme and Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Neil R Robertson
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Antonietta Robino
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS 'Burlo Garofolo', Trieste, Italy
| | - Olov Rolandsson
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Unit of Family Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Igor Rudan
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Katherine S Ruth
- Genetics of Complex Traits, University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Danish Saleheen
- Centre for Non-Communicable Diseases, Karachi, Pakistan
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Veikko Salomaa
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Nilesh J Samani
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
- NIHR Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Yadav Sapkota
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | | | - Robert E Schoen
- Departments of Medicine and Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Pamela J Schreiner
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Matthias B Schulze
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke (DIfE), Nuthetal, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Robert A Scott
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge, UK
| | - Marcelo P Segura-Lepe
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Svati H Shah
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Wayne H-H Sheu
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Xueling Sim
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University Health System, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Andrew J Slater
- Genetics, Target Sciences, GlaxoSmithKline, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
- OmicSoft at Qiagen Company, Cary, NC, USA
| | - Kerrin S Small
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Albert V Smith
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
| | - Lorraine Southam
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Timothy D Spector
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Elizabeth K Speliotes
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - John M Starr
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Alzheimer Scotland Dementia Research Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Kari Stefansson
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
- deCODE Genetics/Amgen, Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland
| | | | - Kathleen E Stirrups
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Konstantin Strauch
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Chair of Genetic Epidemiology, IBE, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Heather M Stringham
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Michael Stumvoll
- IFB Adiposity Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Liang Sun
- Biodemography of Aging Research Unit, Social Science Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Praveen Surendran
- MRC/BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Amy J Swift
- Medical Genomics and Metabolic Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, US National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Hayato Tada
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Katherine E Tansey
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- College of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Jean-Claude Tardif
- Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Kent D Taylor
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Alexander Teumer
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Deborah J Thompson
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Unnur Thorsteinsdottir
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
- deCODE Genetics/Amgen, Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Betina H Thuesen
- Research Center for Prevention and Health, Capital Region of Denmark, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Anke Tönjes
- Center for Pediatric Research, Department for Women's and Child Health, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Gerard Tromp
- Weis Center for Research, Geisinger Health System, Danville, PA, USA
- Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa
| | - Stella Trompet
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | | | - Jaakko Tuomilehto
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Centre for Vascular Prevention, Danube University Krems, Krems, Austria
- Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman, Kuwait
- Diabetes Research Group, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anne Tybjaerg-Hansen
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jonathan P Tyrer
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Rudolf Uher
- Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - André G Uitterlinden
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Matti Uusitupa
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Sander W Laan
- Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, Division Heart and Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Cornelia M Duijn
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Nienke Leeuwen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Jessica van Setten
- Department of Cardiology, Division Heart and Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Mauno Vanhala
- Primary Health Care Unit, Central Hospital of Central Finland, Jyväskylä, Finland
- Primary Health Care Unit, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Anette Varbo
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tibor V Varga
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Lund University, Malmo, Sweden
| | - Rohit Varma
- USC Roski Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Digna R Velez Edwards
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute for Medicine and Public Health, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Sita H Vermeulen
- Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Giovanni Veronesi
- Research Center on Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Henrik Vestergaard
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark
| | - Veronique Vitart
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Thomas F Vogt
- Cardiometabolic Disease, Merck, Sharp & Dohme, Kenilworth, NJ, USA
| | - Uwe Völker
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Dragana Vuckovic
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS 'Burlo Garofolo', Trieste, Italy
| | - Lynne E Wagenknecht
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Mark Walker
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
| | - Lars Wallentin
- Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology, Uppsala Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Feijie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Carol A Wang
- School of Women's and Infants' Health, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Shuai Wang
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yiqin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Erin B Ware
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Nicholas J Wareham
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge, UK
| | - Helen R Warren
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- NIHR Barts Cardiovascular Research Unit, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Dawn M Waterworth
- Genetics, Target Sciences, GlaxoSmithKline, King of Prussia, PA, USA
| | - Jennifer Wessel
- Departments of Epidemiology and Medicine, Diabetes Translational Research Center, Fairbanks School of Public Health and School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Harvey D White
- Green Lane Cardiovascular Service, Auckland City Hospital and University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Cristen J Willer
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - James G Wilson
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Daniel R Witte
- Danish Diabetes Academy, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Andrew R Wood
- Genetics of Complex Traits, University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Ying Wu
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Hanieh Yaghootkar
- Genetics of Complex Traits, University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Jie Yao
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Pang Yao
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Laura M Yerges-Armstrong
- Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- GlaxoSmithKline, King of Prussia, PA, USA
| | - Robin Young
- MRC/BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | | | - Xiaowei Zhan
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Quantitative Biomedical Research Center, Center for the Genetics of Host Defense, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Weihua Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, London North West Healthcare NHS Trust, Ealing Hospital, Middlesex, UK
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Jing Hua Zhao
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge, UK
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Wei Zhou
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Krina T Zondervan
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Endometriosis CaRe Centre, Nuffield Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - John A Pospisilik
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Fernando Rivadeneira
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ingrid B Borecki
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Panos Deloukas
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- Princess Al-Jawhara Al-Brahim Centre of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders (PACER-HD), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Timothy M Frayling
- Genetics of Complex Traits, University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Guillaume Lettre
- Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Kari E North
- Department of Epidemiology and Carolina Center of Genome Sciences, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Cecilia M Lindgren
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Information and Discovery, Big Data Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Joel N Hirschhorn
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Division of Endocrinology and Center for Basic and Translational Obesity Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Ruth J F Loos
- Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
- Genetics of Obesity and Related Metabolic Traits Program, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
- Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
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Wojcik GL, Graff M, Nishimura KK, Tao R, Haessler J, Gignoux CR, Highland HM, Patel YM, Sorokin EP, Avery CL, Belbin GM, Bien SA, Cheng I, Cullina S, Hodonsky CJ, Hu Y, Huckins LM, Jeff J, Justice AE, Kocarnik JM, Lim U, Lin BM, Lu Y, Nelson SC, Park SSL, Poisner H, Preuss MH, Richard MA, Schurmann C, Setiawan VW, Sockell A, Vahi K, Verbanck M, Vishnu A, Walker RW, Young KL, Zubair N, Acuña-Alonso V, Ambite JL, Barnes KC, Boerwinkle E, Bottinger EP, Bustamante CD, Caberto C, Canizales-Quinteros S, Conomos MP, Deelman E, Do R, Doheny K, Fernández-Rhodes L, Fornage M, Hailu B, Heiss G, Henn BM, Hindorff LA, Jackson RD, Laurie CA, Laurie CC, Li Y, Lin DY, Moreno-Estrada A, Nadkarni G, Norman PJ, Pooler LC, Reiner AP, Romm J, Sabatti C, Sandoval K, Sheng X, Stahl EA, Stram DO, Thornton TA, Wassel CL, Wilkens LR, Winkler CA, Yoneyama S, Buyske S, Haiman CA, Kooperberg C, Le Marchand L, Loos RJF, Matise TC, North KE, Peters U, Kenny EE, Carlson CS. Genetic analyses of diverse populations improves discovery for complex traits. Nature 2019; 570:514-518. [PMID: 31217584 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1310-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 511] [Impact Index Per Article: 102.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have laid the foundation for investigations into the biology of complex traits, drug development and clinical guidelines. However, the majority of discovery efforts are based on data from populations of European ancestry1-3. In light of the differential genetic architecture that is known to exist between populations, bias in representation can exacerbate existing disease and healthcare disparities. Critical variants may be missed if they have a low frequency or are completely absent in European populations, especially as the field shifts its attention towards rare variants, which are more likely to be population-specific4-10. Additionally, effect sizes and their derived risk prediction scores derived in one population may not accurately extrapolate to other populations11,12. Here we demonstrate the value of diverse, multi-ethnic participants in large-scale genomic studies. The Population Architecture using Genomics and Epidemiology (PAGE) study conducted a GWAS of 26 clinical and behavioural phenotypes in 49,839 non-European individuals. Using strategies tailored for analysis of multi-ethnic and admixed populations, we describe a framework for analysing diverse populations, identify 27 novel loci and 38 secondary signals at known loci, as well as replicate 1,444 GWAS catalogue associations across these traits. Our data show evidence of effect-size heterogeneity across ancestries for published GWAS associations, substantial benefits for fine-mapping using diverse cohorts and insights into clinical implications. In the United States-where minority populations have a disproportionately higher burden of chronic conditions13-the lack of representation of diverse populations in genetic research will result in inequitable access to precision medicine for those with the highest burden of disease. We strongly advocate for continued, large genome-wide efforts in diverse populations to maximize genetic discovery and reduce health disparities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genevieve L Wojcik
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Mariaelisa Graff
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Katherine K Nishimura
- Division of Public Health Science, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ran Tao
- Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.,Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Jeffrey Haessler
- Division of Public Health Science, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Christopher R Gignoux
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.,Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Heather M Highland
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Yesha M Patel
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Elena P Sorokin
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Christy L Avery
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Gillian M Belbin
- The Center for Genomic Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.,The Charles Bronfman Institute of Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Stephanie A Bien
- Division of Public Health Science, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Iona Cheng
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Sinead Cullina
- The Center for Genomic Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.,The Charles Bronfman Institute of Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Chani J Hodonsky
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Yao Hu
- Division of Public Health Science, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Laura M Huckins
- Pamela Sklar Division of Psychiatric Genomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Janina Jeff
- The Center for Genomic Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.,The Charles Bronfman Institute of Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Anne E Justice
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jonathan M Kocarnik
- Division of Public Health Science, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Unhee Lim
- Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Bridget M Lin
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Yingchang Lu
- The Charles Bronfman Institute of Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sarah C Nelson
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Sung-Shim L Park
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Hannah Poisner
- The Center for Genomic Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.,The Charles Bronfman Institute of Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Michael H Preuss
- The Charles Bronfman Institute of Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Melissa A Richard
- Brown Foundation Institute for Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Claudia Schurmann
- The Charles Bronfman Institute of Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.,Hasso-Plattner-Institute for Digital Engineering, Digital Health Center, Potsdam, Germany.,Hasso-Plattner-Institute for Digital Health at Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Veronica W Setiawan
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Alexandra Sockell
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Karan Vahi
- Information Sciences Institute, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA, USA
| | - Marie Verbanck
- The Charles Bronfman Institute of Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Abhishek Vishnu
- The Charles Bronfman Institute of Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ryan W Walker
- The Charles Bronfman Institute of Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kristin L Young
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Niha Zubair
- Division of Public Health Science, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Jose Luis Ambite
- Information Sciences Institute, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA, USA
| | - Kathleen C Barnes
- Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Human Genetics Center, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Erwin P Bottinger
- The Charles Bronfman Institute of Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.,Hasso-Plattner-Institute for Digital Engineering, Digital Health Center, Potsdam, Germany.,Hasso-Plattner-Institute for Digital Health at Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Carlos D Bustamante
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Christian Caberto
- Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | | | - Matthew P Conomos
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ewa Deelman
- Information Sciences Institute, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA, USA
| | - Ron Do
- The Charles Bronfman Institute of Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.,Pamela Sklar Division of Psychiatric Genomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kimberly Doheny
- Center for Inherited Disease Research, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Lindsay Fernández-Rhodes
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Myriam Fornage
- Brown Foundation Institute for Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Benyam Hailu
- NIH National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Gerardo Heiss
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Brenna M Henn
- Department of Anthropology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | | | - Rebecca D Jackson
- Center for Clinical and Translational Science, Ohio State Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Cecelia A Laurie
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Cathy C Laurie
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Yuqing Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Cancer Prevention Institute of California, Fremont, CA, USA
| | - Dan-Yu Lin
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | | | - Girish Nadkarni
- The Charles Bronfman Institute of Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Paul J Norman
- Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Loreall C Pooler
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Jane Romm
- Center for Inherited Disease Research, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Chiara Sabatti
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Karla Sandoval
- National Laboratory of Genomics for Biodiversity (UGA-LANGEBIO), Irapuato, Mexico
| | - Xin Sheng
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Eli A Stahl
- Pamela Sklar Division of Psychiatric Genomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Daniel O Stram
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Lynne R Wilkens
- Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Cheryl A Winkler
- Basic Science Program, Frederick National Laboratory, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Sachi Yoneyama
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Steven Buyske
- Department of Statistics, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Christopher A Haiman
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Charles Kooperberg
- Division of Public Health Science, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Loic Le Marchand
- Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Ruth J F Loos
- The Charles Bronfman Institute of Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.,Pamela Sklar Division of Psychiatric Genomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Tara C Matise
- Department of Genetics, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Kari E North
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Ulrike Peters
- Division of Public Health Science, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Eimear E Kenny
- The Center for Genomic Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA. .,The Charles Bronfman Institute of Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA. .,Pamela Sklar Division of Psychiatric Genomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA. .,Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Christopher S Carlson
- Division of Public Health Science, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
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Wuttke M, Li Y, Li M, Sieber KB, Feitosa MF, Gorski M, Tin A, Wang L, Chu AY, Hoppmann A, Kirsten H, Giri A, Chai JF, Sveinbjornsson G, Tayo BO, Nutile T, Fuchsberger C, Marten J, Cocca M, Ghasemi S, Xu Y, Horn K, Noce D, van der Most PJ, Sedaghat S, Yu Z, Akiyama M, Afaq S, Ahluwalia TS, Almgren P, Amin N, Ärnlöv J, Bakker SJL, Bansal N, Baptista D, Bergmann S, Biggs ML, Biino G, Boehnke M, Boerwinkle E, Boissel M, Bottinger EP, Boutin TS, Brenner H, Brumat M, Burkhardt R, Butterworth AS, Campana E, Campbell A, Campbell H, Canouil M, Carroll RJ, Catamo E, Chambers JC, Chee ML, Chee ML, Chen X, Cheng CY, Cheng Y, Christensen K, Cifkova R, Ciullo M, Concas MP, Cook JP, Coresh J, Corre T, Sala CF, Cusi D, Danesh J, Daw EW, de Borst MH, De Grandi A, de Mutsert R, de Vries APJ, Degenhardt F, Delgado G, Demirkan A, Di Angelantonio E, Dittrich K, Divers J, Dorajoo R, Eckardt KU, Ehret G, Elliott P, Endlich K, Evans MK, Felix JF, Foo VHX, Franco OH, Franke A, Freedman BI, Freitag-Wolf S, Friedlander Y, Froguel P, Gansevoort RT, Gao H, Gasparini P, Gaziano JM, Giedraitis V, Gieger C, Girotto G, Giulianini F, Gögele M, Gordon SD, Gudbjartsson DF, Gudnason V, Haller T, Hamet P, Harris TB, Hartman CA, Hayward C, Hellwege JN, Heng CK, Hicks AA, Hofer E, Huang W, Hutri-Kähönen N, Hwang SJ, Ikram MA, Indridason OS, Ingelsson E, Ising M, Jaddoe VWV, Jakobsdottir J, Jonas JB, Joshi PK, Josyula NS, Jung B, Kähönen M, Kamatani Y, Kammerer CM, Kanai M, Kastarinen M, Kerr SM, Khor CC, Kiess W, Kleber ME, Koenig W, Kooner JS, Körner A, Kovacs P, Kraja AT, Krajcoviechova A, Kramer H, Krämer BK, Kronenberg F, Kubo M, Kühnel B, Kuokkanen M, Kuusisto J, La Bianca M, Laakso M, Lange LA, Langefeld CD, Lee JJM, Lehne B, Lehtimäki T, Lieb W, Lim SC, Lind L, Lindgren CM, Liu J, Liu J, Loeffler M, Loos RJF, Lucae S, Lukas MA, Lyytikäinen LP, Mägi R, Magnusson PKE, Mahajan A, Martin NG, Martins J, März W, Mascalzoni D, Matsuda K, Meisinger C, Meitinger T, Melander O, Metspalu A, Mikaelsdottir EK, Milaneschi Y, Miliku K, Mishra PP, Mohlke KL, Mononen N, Montgomery GW, Mook-Kanamori DO, Mychaleckyj JC, Nadkarni GN, Nalls MA, Nauck M, Nikus K, Ning B, Nolte IM, Noordam R, O'Connell J, O'Donoghue ML, Olafsson I, Oldehinkel AJ, Orho-Melander M, Ouwehand WH, Padmanabhan S, Palmer ND, Palsson R, Penninx BWJH, Perls T, Perola M, Pirastu M, Pirastu N, Pistis G, Podgornaia AI, Polasek O, Ponte B, Porteous DJ, Poulain T, Pramstaller PP, Preuss MH, Prins BP, Province MA, Rabelink TJ, Raffield LM, Raitakari OT, Reilly DF, Rettig R, Rheinberger M, Rice KM, Ridker PM, Rivadeneira F, Rizzi F, Roberts DJ, Robino A, Rossing P, Rudan I, Rueedi R, Ruggiero D, Ryan KA, Saba Y, Sabanayagam C, Salomaa V, Salvi E, Saum KU, Schmidt H, Schmidt R, Schöttker B, Schulz CA, Schupf N, Shaffer CM, Shi Y, Smith AV, Smith BH, Soranzo N, Spracklen CN, Strauch K, Stringham HM, Stumvoll M, Svensson PO, Szymczak S, Tai ES, Tajuddin SM, Tan NYQ, Taylor KD, Teren A, Tham YC, Thiery J, Thio CHL, Thomsen H, Thorleifsson G, Toniolo D, Tönjes A, Tremblay J, Tzoulaki I, Uitterlinden AG, Vaccargiu S, van Dam RM, van der Harst P, van Duijn CM, Velez Edward DR, Verweij N, Vogelezang S, Völker U, Vollenweider P, Waeber G, Waldenberger M, Wallentin L, Wang YX, Wang C, Waterworth DM, Bin Wei W, White H, Whitfield JB, Wild SH, Wilson JF, Wojczynski MK, Wong C, Wong TY, Xu L, Yang Q, Yasuda M, Yerges-Armstrong LM, Zhang W, Zonderman AB, Rotter JI, Bochud M, Psaty BM, Vitart V, Wilson JG, Dehghan A, Parsa A, Chasman DI, Ho K, Morris AP, Devuyst O, Akilesh S, Pendergrass SA, Sim X, Böger CA, Okada Y, Edwards TL, Snieder H, Stefansson K, Hung AM, Heid IM, Scholz M, Teumer A, Köttgen A, Pattaro C. A catalog of genetic loci associated with kidney function from analyses of a million individuals. Nat Genet 2019; 51:957-972. [PMID: 31152163 PMCID: PMC6698888 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-019-0407-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 431] [Impact Index Per Article: 86.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is responsible for a public health burden with multi-systemic complications. Through trans-ancestry meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and independent replication (n = 1,046,070), we identified 264 associated loci (166 new). Of these, 147 were likely to be relevant for kidney function on the basis of associations with the alternative kidney function marker blood urea nitrogen (n = 416,178). Pathway and enrichment analyses, including mouse models with renal phenotypes, support the kidney as the main target organ. A genetic risk score for lower eGFR was associated with clinically diagnosed CKD in 452,264 independent individuals. Colocalization analyses of associations with eGFR among 783,978 European-ancestry individuals and gene expression across 46 human tissues, including tubulo-interstitial and glomerular kidney compartments, identified 17 genes differentially expressed in kidney. Fine-mapping highlighted missense driver variants in 11 genes and kidney-specific regulatory variants. These results provide a comprehensive priority list of molecular targets for translational research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Wuttke
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Biometry, Epidemiology and Medical Bioinformatics, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine IV, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Yong Li
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Biometry, Epidemiology and Medical Bioinformatics, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Man Li
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, USA
| | - Karsten B Sieber
- Target Sciences-Genetics, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, PA, USA
| | - Mary F Feitosa
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Mathias Gorski
- Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Adrienne Tin
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology and Clinical Research, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Lihua Wang
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | | | - Anselm Hoppmann
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Biometry, Epidemiology and Medical Bioinformatics, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Holger Kirsten
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- LIFE Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ayush Giri
- Division of Quantitative Sciences, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Institute for Medicine and Public Health, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Biomedical Laboratory Research and Development, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System (626)/Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Jin-Fang Chai
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Bamidele O Tayo
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Teresa Nutile
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics 'Adriano Buzzati-Traverso'-CNR, Naples, Italy
| | - Christian Fuchsberger
- Eurac Research, Institute for Biomedicine (affiliated with the University of Lübeck), Bolzano, Italy
| | - Jonathan Marten
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Massimiliano Cocca
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS 'Burlo Garofolo', Trieste, Italy
| | - Sahar Ghasemi
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Yizhe Xu
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, USA
| | - Katrin Horn
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- LIFE Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Damia Noce
- Eurac Research, Institute for Biomedicine (affiliated with the University of Lübeck), Bolzano, Italy
| | - Peter J van der Most
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Sanaz Sedaghat
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Zhi Yu
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Masato Akiyama
- Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), Yokohama, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Saima Afaq
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Institute of Public Health & Social Sciences, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | | | - Peter Almgren
- Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease-Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Clincial Sciences in Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Najaf Amin
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Johan Ärnlöv
- Division of Family Medicine and Primary Care, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- School of Health and Social Studies, Dalarna University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Stephan J L Bakker
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Nisha Bansal
- Division of Nephrology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Kidney Research Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Sven Bergmann
- Department of Computational Biology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Mary L Biggs
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ginevra Biino
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, National Research Council of Italy, Pavia, Italy
| | - Michael Boehnke
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Human Genetics Center, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Mathilde Boissel
- CNRS UMR 8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, University of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Erwin P Bottinger
- Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Digital Health Center, Hasso Plattner Institute and University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Thibaud S Boutin
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Hermann Brenner
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Network Aging Research, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marco Brumat
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Ralph Burkhardt
- LIFE Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Adam S Butterworth
- MRC/BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- National Institute for Health Research Blood and Transplant Research Unit in Donor Health and Genomics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Eric Campana
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Archie Campbell
- Center for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Harry Campbell
- Center for Global Health Research, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Mickaël Canouil
- CNRS UMR 8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, University of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Robert J Carroll
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Eulalia Catamo
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS 'Burlo Garofolo', Trieste, Italy
| | - John C Chambers
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital, Middlesex, UK
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Imperial College London, London, UK
- MRC-PHE Center for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Miao-Ling Chee
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Miao-Li Chee
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xu Chen
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ching-Yu Cheng
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore, Singapore
- Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yurong Cheng
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Biometry, Epidemiology and Medical Bioinformatics, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Kaare Christensen
- Unit of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Biodemography, Department of Public Health, Southern Denmark University, Odense, Denmark
| | - Renata Cifkova
- Center for Cardiovascular Prevention, Charles University in Prague, First Faculty of Medicine and Thomayer Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Medicine II, Charles University in Prague, First Faculty of Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Marina Ciullo
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics 'Adriano Buzzati-Traverso'-CNR, Naples, Italy
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Maria Pina Concas
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS 'Burlo Garofolo', Trieste, Italy
| | - James P Cook
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Josef Coresh
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Tanguy Corre
- Department of Computational Biology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Daniele Cusi
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council of Italy, Milan, Italy
- Bio4Dreams-Business Nursery for Life Sciences, Milan, Italy
| | - John Danesh
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - E Warwick Daw
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Martin H de Borst
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Alessandro De Grandi
- Eurac Research, Institute for Biomedicine (affiliated with the University of Lübeck), Bolzano, Italy
| | - Renée de Mutsert
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Aiko P J de Vries
- Section of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Frauke Degenhardt
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Graciela Delgado
- Department of Medicine (Nephrology, Hypertensiology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology, Diabetology), Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Ayse Demirkan
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Emanuele Di Angelantonio
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- NHS Blood and Transplant, Cambridge, UK
| | - Katalin Dittrich
- Department of Women and Child Health, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Center for Pediatric Research, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jasmin Divers
- Public Health Sciences-Biostatistics, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Rajkumar Dorajoo
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kai-Uwe Eckardt
- Intensive Care Medicine, Charité, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Georg Ehret
- Cardiology, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Paul Elliott
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC-PHE Center for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Imperial College NIHR Biomedical Research Center, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Dementia Research Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Health Data Research UK-London, London, UK
| | - Karlhans Endlich
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Michele K Evans
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, Intramural Research Program, US National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Janine F Felix
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Valencia Hui Xian Foo
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Oscar H Franco
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (ISPM), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Andre Franke
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Barry I Freedman
- Section on Nephrology, Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Sandra Freitag-Wolf
- Institute of Medical Informatics and Statistics, Kiel University, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Yechiel Friedlander
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Philippe Froguel
- CNRS UMR 8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, University of Lille, Lille, France
- Department of Genomics of Common Disease, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Ron T Gansevoort
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - He Gao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC-PHE Center for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Paolo Gasparini
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS 'Burlo Garofolo', Trieste, Italy
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - J Michael Gaziano
- Massachusetts Veterans Epidemiology Research and Information Center, VA Cooperative Studies Program, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Vilmantas Giedraitis
- Molecular Geriatrics, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Christian Gieger
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Giorgia Girotto
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS 'Burlo Garofolo', Trieste, Italy
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Franco Giulianini
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Martin Gögele
- Eurac Research, Institute for Biomedicine (affiliated with the University of Lübeck), Bolzano, Italy
| | - Scott D Gordon
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | | | - Vilmundur Gudnason
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Toomas Haller
- Estonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Pavel Hamet
- Montreal University Hospital Research Center, CHUM, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Medpharmgene, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Tamara B Harris
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, Intramural Research Program, US National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Catharina A Hartman
- Interdisciplinary Center of Psychopathology and Emotion Regulation (ICPE), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Caroline Hayward
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Jacklyn N Hellwege
- Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Veteran's Affairs, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System (626)/Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Chew-Kiat Heng
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Khoo Teck Puat-National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Andrew A Hicks
- Eurac Research, Institute for Biomedicine (affiliated with the University of Lübeck), Bolzano, Italy
| | - Edith Hofer
- Clinical Division of Neurogeriatrics, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Genetics, Shanghai-MOST Key Laboratory of Health and Disease Genomics, Chinese National Human Genome Center, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Industrial Technology Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - Nina Hutri-Kähönen
- Department of Pediatrics, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Shih-Jen Hwang
- NHLBI's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
- The Center for Population Studies, NHLBI, Framingham, MA, USA
| | - M Arfan Ikram
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Olafur S Indridason
- Division of Nephrology, Internal Medicine Services, Landspitali-The National University Hospital of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Erik Ingelsson
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Marcus Ising
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Vincent W V Jaddoe
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Jost B Jonas
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Peter K Joshi
- Center for Global Health Research, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Navya Shilpa Josyula
- Geisinger Research, Biomedical and Translational Informatics Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Bettina Jung
- Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Mika Kähönen
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center-Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Yoichiro Kamatani
- Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), Yokohama, Japan
- Kyoto-McGill International Collaborative School in Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Candace M Kammerer
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Masahiro Kanai
- Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), Yokohama, Japan
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mika Kastarinen
- Department of Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Shona M Kerr
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Chiea-Chuen Khor
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore, Singapore
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wieland Kiess
- LIFE Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Women and Child Health, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Center for Pediatric Research, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Marcus E Kleber
- Department of Medicine (Nephrology, Hypertensiology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology, Diabetology), Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Koenig
- Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Jaspal S Kooner
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital, Middlesex, UK
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Imperial College London, London, UK
- MRC-PHE Center for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Antje Körner
- LIFE Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Women and Child Health, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Center for Pediatric Research, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Peter Kovacs
- Integrated Research and Treatment Center Adiposity Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Aldi T Kraja
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Alena Krajcoviechova
- Center for Cardiovascular Prevention, Charles University in Prague, First Faculty of Medicine and Thomayer Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Medicine II, Charles University in Prague, First Faculty of Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Holly Kramer
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Bernhard K Krämer
- Department of Medicine (Nephrology, Hypertensiology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology, Diabetology), Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Florian Kronenberg
- Division of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Medical Genetics, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Michiaki Kubo
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), Yokohama (Kanagawa), Japan
| | - Brigitte Kühnel
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Mikko Kuokkanen
- The Department of Public Health Solutions, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Diabetes and Obesity Research Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Johanna Kuusisto
- Department of Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Martina La Bianca
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS 'Burlo Garofolo', Trieste, Italy
| | - Markku Laakso
- Department of Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Leslie A Lange
- Division of Biomedical Informatics and Personalized Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver-Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Carl D Langefeld
- Public Health Sciences-Biostatistics, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Jeannette Jen-Mai Lee
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Benjamin Lehne
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center-Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Wolfgang Lieb
- Institute of Epidemiology and Biobank Popgen, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Su-Chi Lim
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Diabetes Center, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Lars Lind
- Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Cecilia M Lindgren
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Markus Loeffler
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- LIFE Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ruth J F Loos
- Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- The Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Mary Ann Lukas
- Target Sciences-Genetics, GlaxoSmithKline, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center-Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Reedik Mägi
- Estonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Patrik K E Magnusson
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anubha Mahajan
- Wellcome Trust Center for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford Center for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Nicholas G Martin
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jade Martins
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Winfried März
- Synlab Academy, Synlab Holding Deutschland GmbH, Mannheim, Germany
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Medical Clinic V, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Deborah Mascalzoni
- Eurac Research, Institute for Biomedicine (affiliated with the University of Lübeck), Bolzano, Italy
| | - Koichi Matsuda
- Laboratory of Clinical Genome Sequencing, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Christa Meisinger
- Independent Research Group Clinical Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Chair of Epidemiology, Ludwig- Maximilians-Universität München at UNIKA-T Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Meitinger
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Olle Melander
- Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Clincial Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Andres Metspalu
- Estonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | | | - Yuri Milaneschi
- Department of Psychiatry, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Kozeta Miliku
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Pashupati P Mishra
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center-Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Karen L Mohlke
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Nina Mononen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center-Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Grant W Montgomery
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Dennis O Mook-Kanamori
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Josyf C Mychaleckyj
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Girish N Nadkarni
- Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mike A Nalls
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Data Tecnica International, Glen Echo, MD, USA
| | - Matthias Nauck
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Kjell Nikus
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Cardiology, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center-Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Boting Ning
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ilja M Nolte
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Raymond Noordam
- Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | | | - Michelle L O'Donoghue
- Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- TIMI Study Group, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Isleifur Olafsson
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Albertine J Oldehinkel
- Interdisciplinary Center of Psychopathology and Emotion Regulation (ICPE), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Marju Orho-Melander
- Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease-Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Clincial Sciences in Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Willem H Ouwehand
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sandosh Padmanabhan
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | | | - Runolfur Palsson
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Division of Nephrology, Internal Medicine Services, Landspitali-The National University Hospital of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Brenda W J H Penninx
- Department of Psychiatry, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Thomas Perls
- Department of Medicine, Geriatrics Section, Boston Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Markus Perola
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mario Pirastu
- Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research, National Research Council of Italy, UOS of Sassari, Li Punti, Sassari, Italy
| | - Nicola Pirastu
- Center for Global Health Research, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Giorgio Pistis
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Ozren Polasek
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Split, Split, Croatia
- Gen-info Ltd, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Belen Ponte
- Service de Néphrologie, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - David J Porteous
- Center for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Center for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Tanja Poulain
- LIFE Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Peter P Pramstaller
- Eurac Research, Institute for Biomedicine (affiliated with the University of Lübeck), Bolzano, Italy
| | - Michael H Preuss
- Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Bram P Prins
- MRC/BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Michael A Province
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Ton J Rabelink
- Section of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory of Experimental Vascular Research, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Laura M Raffield
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Olli T Raitakari
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Research Center of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | | | - Rainer Rettig
- Institute of Physiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Karlsburg, Germany
| | - Myriam Rheinberger
- Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Kenneth M Rice
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Paul M Ridker
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Fernando Rivadeneira
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Federica Rizzi
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milano, Italy
- ePhood Scientific Unit, ePhood SRL, Milano, Italy
| | - David J Roberts
- NHS Blood and Transplant, BRC Oxford Haematology Theme; Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences; University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Antonietta Robino
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS 'Burlo Garofolo', Trieste, Italy
| | | | - Igor Rudan
- Center for Global Health Research, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Rico Rueedi
- Department of Computational Biology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Daniela Ruggiero
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics 'Adriano Buzzati-Traverso'-CNR, Naples, Italy
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Kathleen A Ryan
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yasaman Saba
- Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signaling, Metabolism and Aging, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | | | - Veikko Salomaa
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Erika Salvi
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milano, Italy
- Neuroalgology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico 'Carlo Besta', Milan, Italy
| | - Kai-Uwe Saum
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Helena Schmidt
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Center for Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Reinhold Schmidt
- Clinical Division of Neurogeriatrics, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Ben Schöttker
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Network Aging Research, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christina-Alexandra Schulz
- Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease-Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Clincial Sciences in Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Nicole Schupf
- Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, USA
| | - Christian M Shaffer
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Yuan Shi
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Albert V Smith
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Blair H Smith
- Division of Population Health and Genomics, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | | | | | - Konstantin Strauch
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Chair of Genetic Epidemiology, IBE, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Heather M Stringham
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Michael Stumvoll
- Department of Endocrinology and Nephrology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Per O Svensson
- Department of Clinical Science and Education, Karolinska Institutet, Södersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Cardiology, Södersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Silke Szymczak
- Institute of Medical Informatics and Statistics, Kiel University, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - E-Shyong Tai
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Salman M Tajuddin
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, Intramural Research Program, US National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Nicholas Y Q Tan
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kent D Taylor
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Andrej Teren
- LIFE Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Heart Center Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Yih-Chung Tham
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Joachim Thiery
- LIFE Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Chris H L Thio
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Hauke Thomsen
- Division of Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | | | - Anke Tönjes
- Department of Endocrinology and Nephrology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Johanne Tremblay
- Montreal University Hospital Research Center, CHUM, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- CRCHUM, Montreal, Canada
| | - Ioanna Tzoulaki
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC-PHE Center for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina Medical School, Ioannina, Greece
| | - André G Uitterlinden
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Simona Vaccargiu
- Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research, National Research Council of Italy, UOS of Sassari, Li Punti, Sassari, Italy
| | - Rob M van Dam
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Pim van der Harst
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
- Durrer Center for Cardiovascular Research, The Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Cornelia M van Duijn
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Digna R Velez Edward
- Department of Veteran's Affairs, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System (626)/Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute for Medicine and Public Health, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Niek Verweij
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Suzanne Vogelezang
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Uwe Völker
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Peter Vollenweider
- Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Gerard Waeber
- Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Melanie Waldenberger
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Lars Wallentin
- Cardiology, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Uppsala Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ya Xing Wang
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chaolong Wang
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | | | - Wen Bin Wei
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Harvey White
- Green Lane Cardiovascular Service, Auckland City Hospital and University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - John B Whitfield
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Sarah H Wild
- Center for Population Health Sciences, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - James F Wilson
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Center for Global Health Research, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Mary K Wojczynski
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Charlene Wong
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tien-Yin Wong
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Liang Xu
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Qiong Yang
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Masayuki Yasuda
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Miyagi, Japan
| | | | - Weihua Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital, Middlesex, UK
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC-PHE Center for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Alan B Zonderman
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, Intramural Research Program, US National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Murielle Bochud
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Bruce M Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, Department of Epidemiology, Department of Health Service, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Veronique Vitart
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - James G Wilson
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Abbas Dehghan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC-PHE Center for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Afshin Parsa
- Division of Kidney, Urologic and Hematologic Diseases, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Daniel I Chasman
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kevin Ho
- Kidney Health Research Institute (KHRI), Geisinger, Danville, PA, USA
- Department of Nephrology, Geisinger, Danville, PA, USA
| | - Andrew P Morris
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
- Wellcome Trust Center for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Olivier Devuyst
- Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Shreeram Akilesh
- Kidney Research Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Anatomic Pathology, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Sarah A Pendergrass
- Geisinger Research, Biomedical and Translational Informatics Institute, Danville, PA, USA
| | - Xueling Sim
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Carsten A Böger
- Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kliniken Südostbayern, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Yukinori Okada
- Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), Osaka, Japan
- Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Todd L Edwards
- Department of Veteran's Affairs, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System (626)/Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Harold Snieder
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | | | - Adriana M Hung
- Department of Veteran's Affairs, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System (626)/Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Division of Nephrology & Hypertension, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Iris M Heid
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Markus Scholz
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- LIFE Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Alexander Teumer
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Anna Köttgen
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Biometry, Epidemiology and Medical Bioinformatics, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Cristian Pattaro
- Eurac Research, Institute for Biomedicine (affiliated with the University of Lübeck), Bolzano, Italy.
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Bentley AR, Sung YJ, Brown MR, Winkler TW, Kraja AT, Ntalla I, Schwander K, Chasman DI, Lim E, Deng X, Guo X, Liu J, Lu Y, Cheng CY, Sim X, Vojinovic D, Huffman JE, Musani SK, Li C, Feitosa MF, Richard MA, Noordam R, Baker J, Chen G, Aschard H, Bartz TM, Ding J, Dorajoo R, Manning AK, Rankinen T, Smith AV, Tajuddin SM, Zhao W, Graff M, Alver M, Boissel M, Chai JF, Chen X, Divers J, Evangelou E, Gao C, Goel A, Hagemeijer Y, Harris SE, Hartwig FP, He M, Horimoto ARVR, Hsu FC, Hung YJ, Jackson AU, Kasturiratne A, Komulainen P, Kühnel B, Leander K, Lin KH, Luan J, Lyytikäinen LP, Matoba N, Nolte IM, Pietzner M, Prins B, Riaz M, Robino A, Said MA, Schupf N, Scott RA, Sofer T, Stancáková A, Takeuchi F, Tayo BO, van der Most PJ, Varga TV, Wang TD, Wang Y, Ware EB, Wen W, Xiang YB, Yanek LR, Zhang W, Zhao JH, Adeyemo A, Afaq S, Amin N, Amini M, Arking DE, Arzumanyan Z, Aung T, Ballantyne C, Barr RG, Bielak LF, Boerwinkle E, Bottinger EP, Broeckel U, Brown M, Cade BE, Campbell A, Canouil M, Charumathi S, Chen YDI, Christensen K, Concas MP, Connell JM, de Las Fuentes L, de Silva HJ, de Vries PS, Doumatey A, Duan Q, Eaton CB, Eppinga RN, Faul JD, Floyd JS, Forouhi NG, Forrester T, Friedlander Y, Gandin I, Gao H, Ghanbari M, Gharib SA, Gigante B, Giulianini F, Grabe HJ, Gu CC, Harris TB, Heikkinen S, Heng CK, Hirata M, Hixson JE, Ikram MA, Jia Y, Joehanes R, Johnson C, Jonas JB, Justice AE, Katsuya T, Khor CC, Kilpeläinen TO, Koh WP, Kolcic I, Kooperberg C, Krieger JE, Kritchevsky SB, Kubo M, Kuusisto J, Lakka TA, Langefeld CD, Langenberg C, Launer LJ, Lehne B, Lewis CE, Li Y, Liang J, Lin S, Liu CT, Liu J, Liu K, Loh M, Lohman KK, Louie T, Luzzi A, Mägi R, Mahajan A, Manichaikul AW, McKenzie CA, Meitinger T, Metspalu A, Milaneschi Y, Milani L, Mohlke KL, Momozawa Y, Morris AP, Murray AD, Nalls MA, Nauck M, Nelson CP, North KE, O'Connell JR, Palmer ND, Papanicolau GJ, Pedersen NL, Peters A, Peyser PA, Polasek O, Poulter N, Raitakari OT, Reiner AP, Renström F, Rice TK, Rich SS, Robinson JG, Rose LM, Rosendaal FR, Rudan I, Schmidt CO, Schreiner PJ, Scott WR, Sever P, Shi Y, Sidney S, Sims M, Smith JA, Snieder H, Starr JM, Strauch K, Stringham HM, Tan NYQ, Tang H, Taylor KD, Teo YY, Tham YC, Tiemeier H, Turner ST, Uitterlinden AG, van Heemst D, Waldenberger M, Wang H, Wang L, Wang L, Wei WB, Williams CA, Wilson G, Wojczynski MK, Yao J, Young K, Yu C, Yuan JM, Zhou J, Zonderman AB, Becker DM, Boehnke M, Bowden DW, Chambers JC, Cooper RS, de Faire U, Deary IJ, Elliott P, Esko T, Farrall M, Franks PW, Freedman BI, Froguel P, Gasparini P, Gieger C, Horta BL, Juang JMJ, Kamatani Y, Kammerer CM, Kato N, Kooner JS, Laakso M, Laurie CC, Lee IT, Lehtimäki T, Magnusson PKE, Oldehinkel AJ, Penninx BWJH, Pereira AC, Rauramaa R, Redline S, Samani NJ, Scott J, Shu XO, van der Harst P, Wagenknecht LE, Wang JS, Wang YX, Wareham NJ, Watkins H, Weir DR, Wickremasinghe AR, Wu T, Zeggini E, Zheng W, Bouchard C, Evans MK, Gudnason V, Kardia SLR, Liu Y, Psaty BM, Ridker PM, van Dam RM, Mook-Kanamori DO, Fornage M, Province MA, Kelly TN, Fox ER, Hayward C, van Duijn CM, Tai ES, Wong TY, Loos RJF, Franceschini N, Rotter JI, Zhu X, Bierut LJ, Gauderman WJ, Rice K, Munroe PB, Morrison AC, Rao DC, Rotimi CN, Cupples LA. Multi-ancestry genome-wide gene-smoking interaction study of 387,272 individuals identifies new loci associated with serum lipids. Nat Genet 2019; 51:636-648. [PMID: 30926973 PMCID: PMC6467258 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-019-0378-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/08/2022]
Abstract
The concentrations of high- and low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides are influenced by smoking, but it is unknown whether genetic associations with lipids may be modified by smoking. We conducted a multi-ancestry genome-wide gene-smoking interaction study in 133,805 individuals with follow-up in an additional 253,467 individuals. Combined meta-analyses identified 13 new loci associated with lipids, some of which were detected only because association differed by smoking status. Additionally, we demonstrate the importance of including diverse populations, particularly in studies of interactions with lifestyle factors, where genomic and lifestyle differences by ancestry may contribute to novel findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy R Bentley
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, US National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Yun J Sung
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Michael R Brown
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Thomas W Winkler
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Aldi T Kraja
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Ioanna Ntalla
- Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Karen Schwander
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Daniel I Chasman
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Elise Lim
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xuan Deng
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xiuqing Guo
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Jingmin Liu
- Women's Health Initiative Clinical Coordinating Center, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Yingchang Lu
- Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ching-Yu Cheng
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Centre for Quantitative Medicine, Academic Medicine Research Institute, Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xueling Sim
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Dina Vojinovic
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jennifer E Huffman
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Solomon K Musani
- Jackson Heart Study, Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Changwei Li
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Georgia at Athens College of Public Health, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Mary F Feitosa
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Melissa A Richard
- Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Raymond Noordam
- Internal Medicine, Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Jenna Baker
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, US National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Guanjie Chen
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, US National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Hugues Aschard
- Centre de Bioinformatique, Biostatistique, et Biologie Intégrative (C3BI), Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Traci M Bartz
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jingzhong Ding
- Center on Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Rajkumar Dorajoo
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Alisa K Manning
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tuomo Rankinen
- Human Genomics Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Albert V Smith
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Salman M Tajuddin
- Health Disparities Research Section, Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, US National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Mariaelisa Graff
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Maris Alver
- Estonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Mathilde Boissel
- CNRS UMR 8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, University of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Jin Fang Chai
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xu Chen
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jasmin Divers
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Evangelos Evangelou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, UK
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina Medical School, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Chuan Gao
- Molecular Genetics and Genomics Program, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Anuj Goel
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Yanick Hagemeijer
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Cardiology, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Sarah E Harris
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Medical Genetics Section, Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Fernando P Hartwig
- Postgraduate Programme in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Meian He
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Andrea R V R Horimoto
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fang-Chi Hsu
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Yi-Jen Hung
- Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Anne U Jackson
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | - Pirjo Komulainen
- Foundation for Research in Health, Exercise, and Nutrition, Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Brigitte Kühnel
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Karin Leander
- Unit of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Keng-Hung Lin
- Ophthalmology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jian'an Luan
- Medical Research Council Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center-Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Nana Matoba
- Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Ilja M Nolte
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Epidemiology, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Maik Pietzner
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Health), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Bram Prins
- Human Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK
| | - Muhammad Riaz
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Antonietta Robino
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS 'Burlo Garofolo', Trieste, Italy
| | - M Abdullah Said
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Cardiology, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Nicole Schupf
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Robert A Scott
- Medical Research Council Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Tamar Sofer
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alena Stancáková
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Fumihiko Takeuchi
- Department of Gene Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Bamidele O Tayo
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Peter J van der Most
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Epidemiology, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Tibor V Varga
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Tzung-Dau Wang
- Cardiovascular Center, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yajuan Wang
- Department of Population Quantitative and Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Erin B Ware
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Wanqing Wen
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Yong-Bing Xiang
- SKLORG and Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lisa R Yanek
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Weihua Zhang
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, UK
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital, Middlesex, UK
| | - Jing Hua Zhao
- Medical Research Council Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Adebowale Adeyemo
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, US National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Saima Afaq
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Najaf Amin
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marzyeh Amini
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Epidemiology, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Dan E Arking
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Zorayr Arzumanyan
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Tin Aung
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Christie Ballantyne
- Section of Cardiovascular Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Houston Methodist Debakey Heart and Vascular Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - R Graham Barr
- Departments of Medicine and Epidemiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lawrence F Bielak
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Erwin P Bottinger
- Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ulrich Broeckel
- Section of Genomic Pediatrics, Departments of Pediatrics, Medicine, and Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Morris Brown
- Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- NIHR Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Centre, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Brian E Cade
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Archie Campbell
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Mickaël Canouil
- CNRS UMR 8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, University of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Sabanayagam Charumathi
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Centre for Quantitative Medicine, Academic Medicine Research Institute, Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yii-Der Ida Chen
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Kaare Christensen
- Danish Aging Research Center, Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Maria Pina Concas
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS 'Burlo Garofolo', Trieste, Italy
| | - John M Connell
- Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Lisa de Las Fuentes
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - H Janaka de Silva
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kelaniya, Ragama, Sri Lanka
| | - Paul S de Vries
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ayo Doumatey
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, US National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Qing Duan
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Charles B Eaton
- Department of Family Medicine and Epidemiology, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Ruben N Eppinga
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Cardiology, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Jessica D Faul
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - James S Floyd
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Nita G Forouhi
- Medical Research Council Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Terrence Forrester
- UWI Solutions for Developing Countries, University of the West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica
| | - Yechiel Friedlander
- Braun School of Public Health, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ilaria Gandin
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - He Gao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Mohsen Ghanbari
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Sina A Gharib
- Computational Medicine Core, Center for Lung Biology, UW Medicine Sleep Center, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Bruna Gigante
- Unit of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Franco Giulianini
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hans J Grabe
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - C Charles Gu
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Tamara B Harris
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, US National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sami Heikkinen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Chew-Kiat Heng
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Khoo Teck Puat-National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Makoto Hirata
- Laboratory of Genome Technology, Human Genome Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Japan
| | - James E Hixson
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - M Arfan Ikram
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Neurology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Yucheng Jia
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Roby Joehanes
- Hebrew SeniorLife, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Framingham Heart Study, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, US National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Craig Johnson
- Collaborative Health Studies Coordinating Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jost Bruno Jonas
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Science Key Laboratory, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Anne E Justice
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Tomohiro Katsuya
- Department of Clinical Gene Therapy, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
- Department of Geriatric and General Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Chiea Chuen Khor
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tuomas O Kilpeläinen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Woon-Puay Koh
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ivana Kolcic
- Department of Public Health, Department of Medicine, University of Split, Split, Croatia
| | - Charles Kooperberg
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jose E Krieger
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Stephen B Kritchevsky
- Sticht Center for Healthy Aging and Alzheimer's Prevention, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Michiaki Kubo
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Johanna Kuusisto
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Timo A Lakka
- Foundation for Research in Health, Exercise, and Nutrition, Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, Finland
- Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Carl D Langefeld
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Claudia Langenberg
- Medical Research Council Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Lenore J Launer
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, US National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Benjamin Lehne
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Department of Molecular Sciences, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Cora E Lewis
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Yize Li
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jingjing Liang
- Department of Population Quantitative and Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Shiow Lin
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Ching-Ti Liu
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kiang Liu
- Epidemiology, Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Marie Loh
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, UK
- Translational Laboratory in Genetic Medicine, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kurt K Lohman
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Tin Louie
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Anna Luzzi
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Reedik Mägi
- Estonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Anubha Mahajan
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Ani W Manichaikul
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Colin A McKenzie
- Tropical Metabolism Research Unit, Caribbean Institute for Health Research, University of the West Indies, Mona, Jamaica
| | - Thomas Meitinger
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Andres Metspalu
- Estonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Yuri Milaneschi
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Neuroscience and Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Lili Milani
- Estonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Karen L Mohlke
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Yukihide Momozawa
- Laboratory for Genotyping Development, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Andrew P Morris
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Alison D Murray
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Aberdeen Biomedical Imaging Centre, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Mike A Nalls
- Data Tecnica International, Glen Echo, MD, USA
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Matthias Nauck
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Health), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Christopher P Nelson
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Kari E North
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jeffrey R O'Connell
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - George J Papanicolau
- Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, US National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Nancy L Pedersen
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Annette Peters
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry, and Epidemiology, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
| | - Patricia A Peyser
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Ozren Polasek
- Department of Public Health, Department of Medicine, University of Split, Split, Croatia
- Psychiatric Hospital 'Sveti Ivan', Zagreb, Croatia
- Gen-info, Ltd, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Neil Poulter
- School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Olli T Raitakari
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Alex P Reiner
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Frida Renström
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Treva K Rice
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Stephen S Rich
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Jennifer G Robinson
- Department of Epidemiology and Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Lynda M Rose
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Frits R Rosendaal
- Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Igor Rudan
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Carsten O Schmidt
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Pamela J Schreiner
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - William R Scott
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Department of Molecular Sciences, Imperial College, London, UK
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Peter Sever
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Yuan Shi
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Stephen Sidney
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Mario Sims
- Jackson Heart Study, Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Jennifer A Smith
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Harold Snieder
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Epidemiology, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - John M Starr
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Alzheimer Scotland Dementia Research Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Konstantin Strauch
- Genetic Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry, and Epidemiology, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Heather M Stringham
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Nicholas Y Q Tan
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hua Tang
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Kent D Taylor
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Yik Ying Teo
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Statistics and Applied Probability, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- NUS Graduate School for Integrative Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yih Chung Tham
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Henning Tiemeier
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Stephen T Turner
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - André G Uitterlinden
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Diana van Heemst
- Internal Medicine, Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Melanie Waldenberger
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Heming Wang
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lan Wang
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lihua Wang
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Wen Bin Wei
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Christine A Williams
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Gregory Wilson
- Jackson Heart Study, School of Public Health, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Mary K Wojczynski
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jie Yao
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Kristin Young
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Caizheng Yu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jian-Min Yuan
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, UPMC Hillman Cancer, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jie Zhou
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, US National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Alan B Zonderman
- Behavioral Epidemiology Section, Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, US National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Diane M Becker
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Michael Boehnke
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Donald W Bowden
- Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - John C Chambers
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, UK
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, UK
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital, Middlesex, UK
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Richard S Cooper
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Ulf de Faire
- Unit of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ian J Deary
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Paul Elliott
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Tõnu Esko
- Estonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Martin Farrall
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Paul W Franks
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- OCDEM, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Barry I Freedman
- Nephrology, Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Philippe Froguel
- CNRS UMR 8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, University of Lille, Lille, France
- Department of Genomics of Common Disease, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Paolo Gasparini
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS 'Burlo Garofolo', Trieste, Italy
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Christian Gieger
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Bernardo L Horta
- Postgraduate Programme in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Jyh-Ming Jimmy Juang
- National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yoichiro Kamatani
- Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Candace M Kammerer
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Norihiro Kato
- Department of Gene Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jaspal S Kooner
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, UK
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital, Middlesex, UK
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Markku Laakso
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Cathy C Laurie
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - I-Te Lee
- Endocrinology and Metabolism, Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center-Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Patrik K E Magnusson
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Albertine J Oldehinkel
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Psychiatry, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Brenda W J H Penninx
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Neuroscience and Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Alexandre C Pereira
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rainer Rauramaa
- Foundation for Research in Health, Exercise, and Nutrition, Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Susan Redline
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nilesh J Samani
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - James Scott
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Xiao-Ou Shu
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Pim van der Harst
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Cardiology, Groningen, the Netherlands
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Genetics, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Lynne E Wagenknecht
- Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Jun-Sing Wang
- Endocrinology and Metabolism, Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ya Xing Wang
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Science Key Laboratory, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Nicholas J Wareham
- Medical Research Council Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Hugh Watkins
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - David R Weir
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | - Tangchun Wu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Eleftheria Zeggini
- Human Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK
- Institute of Translational Genomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Wei Zheng
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Claude Bouchard
- Human Genomics Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Michele K Evans
- Health Disparities Research Section, Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, US National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Vilmundur Gudnason
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Sharon L R Kardia
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Yongmei Liu
- Public Health Sciences, Epidemiology and Prevention, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Bruce M Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Paul M Ridker
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rob M van Dam
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Dennis O Mook-Kanamori
- Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Myriam Fornage
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
- Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Michael A Province
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Tanika N Kelly
- Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Ervin R Fox
- Cardiology, Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Caroline Hayward
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Cornelia M van Duijn
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - E Shyong Tai
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tien Yin Wong
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ruth J F Loos
- Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Mindich Child Health Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nora Franceschini
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Xiaofeng Zhu
- Department of Population Quantitative and Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Laura J Bierut
- Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - W James Gauderman
- Biostatistics, Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kenneth Rice
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Patricia B Munroe
- Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- NIHR Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Centre, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Alanna C Morrison
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Dabeeru C Rao
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Charles N Rotimi
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, US National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - L Adrienne Cupples
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
- Framingham Heart Study, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, US National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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Justice AE, Karaderi T, Highland HM, Young KL, Graff M, Lu Y, Turcot V, Auer PL, Fine RS, Guo X, Schurmann C, Lempradl A, Marouli E, Mahajan A, Winkler TW, Locke AE, Medina-Gomez C, Esko T, Vedantam S, Giri A, Lo KS, Alfred T, Mudgal P, Ng MCY, Heard-Costa NL, Feitosa MF, Manning AK, Willems SM, Sivapalaratnam S, Abecasis G, Alam DS, Allison M, Amouyel P, Arzumanyan Z, Balkau B, Bastarache L, Bergmann S, Bielak LF, Blüher M, Boehnke M, Boeing H, Boerwinkle E, Böger CA, Bork-Jensen J, Bottinger EP, Bowden DW, Brandslund I, Broer L, Burt AA, Butterworth AS, Caulfield MJ, Cesana G, Chambers JC, Chasman DI, Chen YDI, Chowdhury R, Christensen C, Chu AY, Collins FS, Cook JP, Cox AJ, Crosslin DS, Danesh J, de Bakker PIW, Denus SD, Mutsert RD, Dedoussis G, Demerath EW, Dennis JG, Denny JC, Di Angelantonio E, Dörr M, Drenos F, Dubé MP, Dunning AM, Easton DF, Elliott P, Evangelou E, Farmaki AE, Feng S, Ferrannini E, Ferrieres J, Florez JC, Fornage M, Fox CS, Franks PW, Friedrich N, Gan W, Gandin I, Gasparini P, Giedraitis V, Girotto G, Gorski M, Grallert H, Grarup N, Grove ML, Gustafsson S, Haessler J, Hansen T, Hattersley AT, Hayward C, Heid IM, Holmen OL, Hovingh GK, Howson JMM, Hu Y, Hung YJ, Hveem K, Ikram MA, Ingelsson E, Jackson AU, Jarvik GP, Jia Y, Jørgensen T, Jousilahti P, Justesen JM, Kahali B, Karaleftheri M, Kardia SLR, Karpe F, Kee F, Kitajima H, Komulainen P, Kooner JS, Kovacs P, Krämer BK, Kuulasmaa K, Kuusisto J, Laakso M, Lakka TA, Lamparter D, Lange LA, Langenberg C, Larson EB, Lee NR, Lee WJ, Lehtimäki T, Lewis CE, Li H, Li J, Li-Gao R, Lin LA, Lin X, Lind L, Lindström J, Linneberg A, Liu CT, Liu DJ, Luan J, Lyytikäinen LP, MacGregor S, Mägi R, Männistö S, Marenne G, Marten J, Masca NGD, McCarthy MI, Meidtner K, Mihailov E, Moilanen L, Moitry M, Mook-Kanamori DO, Morgan A, Morris AP, Müller-Nurasyid M, Munroe PB, Narisu N, Nelson CP, Neville M, Ntalla I, O'Connell JR, Owen KR, Pedersen O, Peloso GM, Pennell CE, Perola M, Perry JA, Perry JRB, Pers TH, Ewing A, Polasek O, Raitakari OT, Rasheed A, Raulerson CK, Rauramaa R, Reilly DF, Reiner AP, Ridker PM, Rivas MA, Robertson NR, Robino A, Rudan I, Ruth KS, Saleheen D, Salomaa V, Samani NJ, Schreiner PJ, Schulze MB, Scott RA, Segura-Lepe M, Sim X, Slater AJ, Small KS, Smith BH, Smith JA, Southam L, Spector TD, Speliotes EK, Stefansson K, Steinthorsdottir V, Stirrups KE, Strauch K, Stringham HM, Stumvoll M, Sun L, Surendran P, Swart KMA, Tardif JC, Taylor KD, Teumer A, Thompson DJ, Thorleifsson G, Thorsteinsdottir U, Thuesen BH, Tönjes A, Torres M, Tsafantakis E, Tuomilehto J, Uitterlinden AG, Uusitupa M, van Duijn CM, Vanhala M, Varma R, Vermeulen SH, Vestergaard H, Vitart V, Vogt TF, Vuckovic D, Wagenknecht LE, Walker M, Wallentin L, Wang F, Wang CA, Wang S, Wareham NJ, Warren HR, Waterworth DM, Wessel J, White HD, Willer CJ, Wilson JG, Wood AR, Wu Y, Yaghootkar H, Yao J, Yerges-Armstrong LM, Young R, Zeggini E, Zhan X, Zhang W, Zhao JH, Zhao W, Zheng H, Zhou W, Zillikens MC, Rivadeneira F, Borecki IB, Pospisilik JA, Deloukas P, Frayling TM, Lettre G, Mohlke KL, Rotter JI, Kutalik Z, Hirschhorn JN, Cupples LA, Loos RJF, North KE, Lindgren CM. Protein-coding variants implicate novel genes related to lipid homeostasis contributing to body-fat distribution. Nat Genet 2019; 51:452-469. [PMID: 30778226 PMCID: PMC6560635 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-018-0334-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Body-fat distribution is a risk factor for adverse cardiovascular health consequences. We analyzed the association of body-fat distribution, assessed by waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for body mass index, with 228,985 predicted coding and splice site variants available on exome arrays in up to 344,369 individuals from five major ancestries (discovery) and 132,177 European-ancestry individuals (validation). We identified 15 common (minor allele frequency, MAF ≥5%) and nine low-frequency or rare (MAF <5%) coding novel variants. Pathway/gene set enrichment analyses identified lipid particle, adiponectin, abnormal white adipose tissue physiology and bone development and morphology as important contributors to fat distribution, while cross-trait associations highlight cardiometabolic traits. In functional follow-up analyses, specifically in Drosophila RNAi-knockdowns, we observed a significant increase in the total body triglyceride levels for two genes (DNAH10 and PLXND1). We implicate novel genes in fat distribution, stressing the importance of interrogating low-frequency and protein-coding variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne E Justice
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Weis Center for Research, Geisinger Health System, Danville, PA, USA
| | - Tugce Karaderi
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Eastern Mediterranean University, Famagusta, Cyprus
| | - Heather M Highland
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Kristin L Young
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Mariaelisa Graff
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Yingchang Lu
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- The Genetics of Obesity and Related Metabolic Traits Program, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Valérie Turcot
- Montreal Heart Institute, Universite de Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Paul L Auer
- Zilber School of Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Rebecca S Fine
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Endocrinology and Center for Basic and Translational Obesity Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xiuqing Guo
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Claudia Schurmann
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- The Genetics of Obesity and Related Metabolic Traits Program, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Adelheid Lempradl
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Eirini Marouli
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Anubha Mahajan
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Thomas W Winkler
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Adam E Locke
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Carolina Medina-Gomez
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tõnu Esko
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Division of Endocrinology and Center for Basic and Translational Obesity Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Sailaja Vedantam
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Endocrinology and Center for Basic and Translational Obesity Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ayush Giri
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute for Medicine and Public Health, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Ken Sin Lo
- Montreal Heart Institute, Universite de Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute for Medicine and Public Health, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Tamuno Alfred
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Poorva Mudgal
- Center for Diabetes Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Maggie C Y Ng
- Center for Diabetes Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
- Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Nancy L Heard-Costa
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- NHLBI Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
| | - Mary F Feitosa
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Alisa K Manning
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard University Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sara M Willems
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge, UK
| | - Suthesh Sivapalaratnam
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Vascular Medicine, AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Goncalo Abecasis
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Dewan S Alam
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science, Faculty of Health, York University, Toronto, Canada
| | - Matthew Allison
- Department of Family Medicine & Public Health, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Philippe Amouyel
- INSERM U1167, Lille, France
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1167, Lille, France
- U1167-RID-AGE, Universite de Lille - Risk factors and molecular determinants of aging-related diseases, Lille, France
| | - Zorayr Arzumanyan
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Beverley Balkau
- INSERM U1018, Centre de recherche en Épidemiologie et Sante des Populations (CESP), Villejuif, France
| | - Lisa Bastarache
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Sven Bergmann
- Department of Computational Biology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Lawrence F Bielak
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Matthias Blüher
- IFB Adiposity Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Michael Boehnke
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Heiner Boeing
- Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Carsten A Böger
- Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Jette Bork-Jensen
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Erwin P Bottinger
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Donald W Bowden
- Center for Diabetes Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
- Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Ivan Brandslund
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Lillebaelt Hospital, Vejle, Denmark
- Institute of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Linda Broer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Amber A Burt
- Department of Medicine (Medical Genetics), University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Adam S Butterworth
- MRC/BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- NIHR Blood and Transplant Research Unit in Donor Health and Genomics, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Mark J Caulfield
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- NIHR Barts Cardiovascular Research Centre, Barts and The London School of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Giancarlo Cesana
- Research Centre on Public Health, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - John C Chambers
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Cardiology, London North West Healthcare NHS Trust, Ealing Hospital, Middlesex, UK
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Daniel I Chasman
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yii-Der Ida Chen
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Rajiv Chowdhury
- MRC/BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Audrey Y Chu
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Francis S Collins
- Medical Genomics and Metabolic Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - James P Cook
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Amanda J Cox
- Center for Diabetes Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
- Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Southport, Queensland, Australia
| | - David S Crosslin
- Department of Biomedical Infomatics and Medical Education, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - John Danesh
- MRC/BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- NIHR Blood and Transplant Research Unit in Donor Health and Genomics, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK
- British Heart Foundation Cambridge Centre of Excellence, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Paul I W de Bakker
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Genetics, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Simon de Denus
- Montreal Heart Institute, Universite de Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universite de Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Renée de Mutsert
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - George Dedoussis
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - Ellen W Demerath
- Division of Epidemiology & Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Joe G Dennis
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Josh C Denny
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Emanuele Di Angelantonio
- MRC/BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- NIHR Blood and Transplant Research Unit in Donor Health and Genomics, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- British Heart Foundation Cambridge Centre of Excellence, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Marcus Dörr
- Department of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Fotios Drenos
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, UK
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Department of Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UK
| | - Marie-Pierre Dubé
- Montreal Heart Institute, Universite de Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universite de Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Alison M Dunning
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Douglas F Easton
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Paul Elliott
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Evangelos Evangelou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina Medical School, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Aliki-Eleni Farmaki
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - Shuang Feng
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Ele Ferrannini
- CNR Institute of Clinical Physiology, Pisa, Italy
- Department of Clinical & Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Jean Ferrieres
- Toulouse University School of Medicine, Toulouse, France
| | - Jose C Florez
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard University Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Myriam Fornage
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Paul W Franks
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Lund University, Malmo, Sweden
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Unit of Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Nele Friedrich
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Wei Gan
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Ilaria Gandin
- Ilaria Gandin, Research Unit, AREA Science Park, Trieste, Italy
| | - Paolo Gasparini
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
| | | | - Giorgia Girotto
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
| | - Mathias Gorski
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
- Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Harald Grallert
- German Center for Diabetes Research, München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Niels Grarup
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Megan L Grove
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Stefan Gustafsson
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jeff Haessler
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle WA, USA
| | - Torben Hansen
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Caroline Hayward
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Iris M Heid
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Oddgeir L Holmen
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - G Kees Hovingh
- Department of Vascular Medicine, AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joanna M M Howson
- MRC/BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Yao Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi-Jen Hung
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital Songshan Branch, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kristian Hveem
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- HUNT Research Center, Department of Public Health, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway
| | - M Arfan Ikram
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Neurology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Radiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Erik Ingelsson
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Anne U Jackson
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Gail P Jarvik
- Department of Medicine (Medical Genetics), University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Yucheng Jia
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Torben Jørgensen
- Faculty of Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Research Center for Prevention and Health, Capital Region of Denmark, Glostrup, Denmark
| | | | - Johanne M Justesen
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Bratati Kahali
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Centre for Brain Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| | | | - Sharon L R Kardia
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Fredrik Karpe
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Frank Kee
- UKCRC Centre of Excellence for Public Health Research, Queens University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Hidetoshi Kitajima
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Pirjo Komulainen
- Foundation for Research in Health Exercise and Nutrition, Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jaspal S Kooner
- Department of Cardiology, London North West Healthcare NHS Trust, Ealing Hospital, Middlesex, UK
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, UK
| | - Peter Kovacs
- IFB Adiposity Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Bernhard K Krämer
- University Medical Centre Mannheim, 5th Medical Department, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Kari Kuulasmaa
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Johanna Kuusisto
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Markku Laakso
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Timo A Lakka
- Foundation for Research in Health Exercise and Nutrition, Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, Finland
- Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio Campus, Finland
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - David Lamparter
- Department of Computational Biology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Verge Genomics, San Fransico, CA, USA
| | - Leslie A Lange
- Division of Biomedical and Personalized Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado-Denver, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Claudia Langenberg
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge, UK
| | - Eric B Larson
- Department of Medicine (Medical Genetics), University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Nanette R Lee
- Department of Anthropology, Sociology, and History, University of San Carlos, Cebu City, Philippines
- USC-Office of Population Studies Foundation, Inc., University of San Carlos, Cebu City, Philippines
| | - Wen-Jane Lee
- Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Social Work, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center-Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Cora E Lewis
- Division of Preventive Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Huaixing Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin Li
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Ruifang Li-Gao
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Li-An Lin
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Xu Lin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Jaana Lindström
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Allan Linneberg
- Research Center for Prevention and Health, Capital Region of Denmark, Glostrup, Denmark
- Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Frederiksberg, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ching-Ti Liu
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Dajiang J Liu
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Institute for Personalized Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Jian'an Luan
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge, UK
| | - Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center-Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Stuart MacGregor
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Reedik Mägi
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Satu Männistö
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Jonathan Marten
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Nicholas G D Masca
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Univeristy of Leicester, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
- NIHR Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Mark I McCarthy
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Karina Meidtner
- German Center for Diabetes Research, München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), Nuthetal, Germany
| | | | - Leena Moilanen
- Department of Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Marie Moitry
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Department of Public Health, University Hospital of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Dennis O Mook-Kanamori
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Anna Morgan
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Andrew P Morris
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Martina Müller-Nurasyid
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat, Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Patricia B Munroe
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- NIHR Barts Cardiovascular Research Centre, Barts and The London School of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Narisu Narisu
- Medical Genomics and Metabolic Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Christopher P Nelson
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Univeristy of Leicester, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
- NIHR Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Matt Neville
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Ioanna Ntalla
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Jeffrey R O'Connell
- Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Katharine R Owen
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Oluf Pedersen
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Gina M Peloso
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Craig E Pennell
- Division of Obstetric and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Markus Perola
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Institute for Molecular Medicine (FIMM) and Diabetes and Obesity Research Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - James A Perry
- Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - John R B Perry
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge, UK
| | - Tune H Pers
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ailith Ewing
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ozren Polasek
- School of Medicine, University of Split, Split, Croatia
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Olli T Raitakari
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Asif Rasheed
- Centre for Non-Communicable Diseases, Karachi, Pakistan
| | | | - Rainer Rauramaa
- Foundation for Research in Health Exercise and Nutrition, Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, Finland
- Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio Campus, Finland
| | - Dermot F Reilly
- Genetics and Pharmacogenomics, Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alex P Reiner
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle WA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Paul M Ridker
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Manuel A Rivas
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Neil R Robertson
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Antonietta Robino
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS 'Burlo Garofolo', Trieste, Italy
| | - Igor Rudan
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Katherine S Ruth
- Genetics of Complex Traits, University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Danish Saleheen
- Centre for Non-Communicable Diseases, Karachi, Pakistan
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Veikko Salomaa
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Nilesh J Samani
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Univeristy of Leicester, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
- NIHR Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Pamela J Schreiner
- Division of Epidemiology & Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Matthias B Schulze
- German Center for Diabetes Research, München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Robert A Scott
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge, UK
| | - Marcelo Segura-Lepe
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Xueling Sim
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University Health System, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Andrew J Slater
- Genetics, Target Sciences, GlaxoSmithKline, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
- OmicSoft a QIAGEN Company, Cary, NC, USA
| | - Kerrin S Small
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Blair H Smith
- Division of Population Health Sciences, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
- Generation Scotland, Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Jennifer A Smith
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Lorraine Southam
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK
| | - Timothy D Spector
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Elizabeth K Speliotes
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Kari Stefansson
- deCODE Genetics/Amgen Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | | | - Kathleen E Stirrups
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Konstantin Strauch
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Chair of Genetic Epidemiology, IBE, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Germany
| | - Heather M Stringham
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Michael Stumvoll
- IFB Adiposity Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Liang Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Praveen Surendran
- MRC/BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Karin M A Swart
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jean-Claude Tardif
- Montreal Heart Institute, Universite de Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universite de Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Kent D Taylor
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Alexander Teumer
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Deborah J Thompson
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Unnur Thorsteinsdottir
- deCODE Genetics/Amgen Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Betina H Thuesen
- Research Center for Prevention and Health, Capital Region of Denmark, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Anke Tönjes
- Center for Pediatric Research, Department for Women's and Child Health, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Mina Torres
- USC Roski Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Jaakko Tuomilehto
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Centre for Vascular Prevention, Danube-University Krems, Krems, Austria
- Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman, Kuwait
- Diabetes Research Group, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - André G Uitterlinden
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Matti Uusitupa
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | | | - Mauno Vanhala
- Central Finland Central Hospital, Jyvaskyla, Finland
- University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Rohit Varma
- USC Roski Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sita H Vermeulen
- Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Henrik Vestergaard
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark
| | - Veronique Vitart
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Thomas F Vogt
- Cardiometabolic Disease, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ, USA
| | - Dragana Vuckovic
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
| | - Lynne E Wagenknecht
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Mark Walker
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, The Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
| | - Lars Wallentin
- Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology, Uppsala Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Feijie Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Carol A Wang
- Division of Obstetric and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Shuai Wang
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nicholas J Wareham
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge, UK
| | - Helen R Warren
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- NIHR Barts Cardiovascular Research Centre, Barts and The London School of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | | | - Jennifer Wessel
- Departments of Epidemiology & Medicine, Diabetes Translational Research Center, Fairbanks School of Public Health & School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indiana, IN, USA
| | - Harvey D White
- Green Lane Cardiovascular Service, Auckland City Hospital and University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Cristen J Willer
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - James G Wilson
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Andrew R Wood
- Genetics of Complex Traits, University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Ying Wu
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Hanieh Yaghootkar
- Genetics of Complex Traits, University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Jie Yao
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Laura M Yerges-Armstrong
- Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- GlaxoSmithKline, King of Prussia, PA, USA
| | - Robin Young
- MRC/BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | | | - Xiaowei Zhan
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Quantitative Biomedical Research Center, Center for the Genetics of Host Defense, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Weihua Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, London North West Healthcare NHS Trust, Ealing Hospital, Middlesex, UK
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Jing Hua Zhao
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge, UK
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - He Zheng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - M Carola Zillikens
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Fernando Rivadeneira
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ingrid B Borecki
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | | | - Panos Deloukas
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- Princess Al-Jawhara Al-Brahim Centre of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders (PACER-HD), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Timothy M Frayling
- Genetics of Complex Traits, University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Guillaume Lettre
- Montreal Heart Institute, Universite de Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universite de Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Karen L Mohlke
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Zoltán Kutalik
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Joel N Hirschhorn
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Division of Endocrinology and Center for Basic and Translational Obesity Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Departments of Pediatrics and Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - L Adrienne Cupples
- NHLBI Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ruth J F Loos
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- The Genetics of Obesity and Related Metabolic Traits Program, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- The Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kari E North
- Department of Epidemiology and Carolina Center of Genome Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
| | - Cecilia M Lindgren
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
- Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Information and Discovery, The Big Data Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
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Morris AP, Le TH, Wu H, Akbarov A, van der Most PJ, Hemani G, Smith GD, Mahajan A, Gaulton KJ, Nadkarni GN, Valladares-Salgado A, Wacher-Rodarte N, Mychaleckyj JC, Dueker ND, Guo X, Hai Y, Haessler J, Kamatani Y, Stilp AM, Zhu G, Cook JP, Ärnlöv J, Blanton SH, de Borst MH, Bottinger EP, Buchanan TA, Cechova S, Charchar FJ, Chu PL, Damman J, Eales J, Gharavi AG, Giedraitis V, Heath AC, Ipp E, Kiryluk K, Kramer HJ, Kubo M, Larsson A, Lindgren CM, Lu Y, Madden PAF, Montgomery GW, Papanicolaou GJ, Raffel LJ, Sacco RL, Sanchez E, Stark H, Sundstrom J, Taylor KD, Xiang AH, Zivkovic A, Lind L, Ingelsson E, Martin NG, Whitfield JB, Cai J, Laurie CC, Okada Y, Matsuda K, Kooperberg C, Chen YDI, Rundek T, Rich SS, Loos RJF, Parra EJ, Cruz M, Rotter JI, Snieder H, Tomaszewski M, Humphreys BD, Franceschini N. Trans-ethnic kidney function association study reveals putative causal genes and effects on kidney-specific disease aetiologies. Nat Commun 2019; 10:29. [PMID: 30604766 PMCID: PMC6318312 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-07867-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) affects ~10% of the global population, with considerable ethnic differences in prevalence and aetiology. We assemble genome-wide association studies of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), a measure of kidney function that defines CKD, in 312,468 individuals of diverse ancestry. We identify 127 distinct association signals with homogeneous effects on eGFR across ancestries and enrichment in genomic annotations including kidney-specific histone modifications. Fine-mapping reveals 40 high-confidence variants driving eGFR associations and highlights putative causal genes with cell-type specific expression in glomerulus, and in proximal and distal nephron. Mendelian randomisation supports causal effects of eGFR on overall and cause-specific CKD, kidney stone formation, diastolic blood pressure and hypertension. These results define novel molecular mechanisms and putative causal genes for eGFR, offering insight into clinical outcomes and routes to CKD treatment development. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) is a measure of kidney function used to define chronic kidney disease. Here, Morris et al. perform trans-ethnic genome-wide meta-analyses for eGFR in 312,468 individuals and identify novel loci and downstream putative causal genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew P Morris
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 3GL, UK. .,Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK.
| | - Thu H Le
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - Haojia Wu
- Division of Nephrology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Artur Akbarov
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Biology and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
| | - Peter J van der Most
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, P.O. Box 30.001, 9700 RB, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Gibran Hemani
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TH, UK
| | - George Davey Smith
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TH, UK
| | - Anubha Mahajan
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Kyle J Gaulton
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, 92161, USA
| | - Girish N Nadkarni
- Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,Division of Nephrology and Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Adan Valladares-Salgado
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Bioquímica, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, 06720, Mexico
| | - Niels Wacher-Rodarte
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Epidemiologia Clinica, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, 06720, Mexico
| | - Josyf C Mychaleckyj
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - Nicole D Dueker
- John P Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33124, USA
| | - Xiuqing Guo
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, 90502, USA
| | - Yang Hai
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, 90502, USA
| | - Jeffrey Haessler
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, 98109-1024, USA
| | - Yoichiro Kamatani
- Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Adrienne M Stilp
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Gu Zhu
- Genetic Epidemiology Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, 4006, Australia
| | - James P Cook
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 3GL, UK
| | - Johan Ärnlöv
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Family Medicine and Primary Care, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, 141 83, Sweden.,School of Health and Social Studies, Dalarna University, Falun, 791 88, Sweden
| | - Susan H Blanton
- John P Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33124, USA.,Dr John T Macdonald Department of Human Genetics, University of Miami, Miami, FL, 33124, USA
| | - Martin H de Borst
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, P.O. Box 30.001, 9700 RB, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Erwin P Bottinger
- Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Thomas A Buchanan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Sylvia Cechova
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - Fadi J Charchar
- School of Health and Life Sciences, Federation University Australia, Ballarat, VIC, 3350, Australia.,Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE1 7RH, UK.,Department of Physiology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Pei-Lun Chu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University Hospital, School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, 242, Taiwan
| | - Jeffrey Damman
- Department of Pathology, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - James Eales
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Biology and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
| | - Ali G Gharavi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Vilmantas Giedraitis
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Molecular Geriatrics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, 751 85, Sweden
| | - Andrew C Heath
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Eli Ipp
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90024, USA.,Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, 90502, USA
| | - Krzysztof Kiryluk
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Holly J Kramer
- Department of Medicine and Nephrology, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, 60153, USA
| | - Michiaki Kubo
- Laboratory for Genotyping Development, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Anders Larsson
- Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Epidemiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, 751 85, Sweden
| | - Cecilia M Lindgren
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK.,Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Information and Discovery, Big Data Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK.,Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Boston, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Yingchang Lu
- Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Pamela A F Madden
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Grant W Montgomery
- Brisbane Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - George J Papanicolaou
- Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Leslie J Raffel
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Genetic and Genomic Medicine, University of California, Irvine Orange, CA, 92868, USA
| | - Ralph L Sacco
- Departments of Neurology and Public Health Sciences, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.,Evelyn F McKnight Brain Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.,Jackson Memorial Hospital, University of Miami, Miami, FL, 33136-1096, USA
| | - Elena Sanchez
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Holger Stark
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, 40225, Germany
| | - Johan Sundstrom
- Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Epidemiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, 751 85, Sweden
| | - Kent D Taylor
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, 90502, USA
| | - Anny H Xiang
- Department of Research and Education, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, CA, 91101, USA
| | - Aleksandra Zivkovic
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, 40225, Germany
| | - Lars Lind
- Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Epidemiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, 751 85, Sweden
| | - Erik Ingelsson
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94309, USA.,Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94309, USA.,Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.,Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, 751 85, Sweden
| | - Nicholas G Martin
- Genetic Epidemiology Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, 4006, Australia
| | - John B Whitfield
- Genetic Epidemiology Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, 4006, Australia
| | - Jianwen Cai
- Collaborative Studies Coordinating Center, Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7420, USA
| | - Cathy C Laurie
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Yukinori Okada
- Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan.,Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Suita, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Koichi Matsuda
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Human Genome Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
| | - Charles Kooperberg
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, 98109-1024, USA
| | - Yii-Der Ida Chen
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, 90502, USA
| | - Tatjana Rundek
- Departments of Neurology and Public Health Sciences, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.,Evelyn F McKnight Brain Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Stephen S Rich
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - Ruth J F Loos
- Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Esteban J Parra
- Department of Anthropology, University of Toronto at Mississauga, Mississauga, ON, L5L 1C6, Canada
| | - Miguel Cruz
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Bioquímica, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, 06720, Mexico
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, 90502, USA
| | - Harold Snieder
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, P.O. Box 30.001, 9700 RB, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Maciej Tomaszewski
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Biology and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK.,Division of Medicine, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, M13 9WL, UK
| | - Benjamin D Humphreys
- Division of Nephrology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Nora Franceschini
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27516-8050, USA.
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Evangelou E, Warren HR, Mosen-Ansorena D, Mifsud B, Pazoki R, Gao H, Ntritsos G, Dimou N, Cabrera CP, Karaman I, Ng FL, Evangelou M, Witkowska K, Tzanis E, Hellwege JN, Giri A, Velez Edwards DR, Sun YV, Cho K, Gaziano JM, Wilson PWF, Tsao PS, Kovesdy CP, Esko T, Mägi R, Milani L, Almgren P, Boutin T, Debette S, Ding J, Giulianini F, Holliday EG, Jackson AU, Li-Gao R, Lin WY, Luan J, Mangino M, Oldmeadow C, Prins BP, Qian Y, Sargurupremraj M, Shah N, Surendran P, Thériault S, Verweij N, Willems SM, Zhao JH, Amouyel P, Connell J, de Mutsert R, Doney ASF, Farrall M, Menni C, Morris AD, Noordam R, Paré G, Poulter NR, Shields DC, Stanton A, Thom S, Abecasis G, Amin N, Arking DE, Ayers KL, Barbieri CM, Batini C, Bis JC, Blake T, Bochud M, Boehnke M, Boerwinkle E, Boomsma DI, Bottinger EP, Braund PS, Brumat M, Campbell A, Campbell H, Chakravarti A, Chambers JC, Chauhan G, Ciullo M, Cocca M, Collins F, Cordell HJ, Davies G, de Borst MH, de Geus EJ, Deary IJ, Deelen J, Del Greco M F, Demirkale CY, Dörr M, Ehret GB, Elosua R, Enroth S, Erzurumluoglu AM, Ferreira T, Frånberg M, Franco OH, Gandin I, Gasparini P, Giedraitis V, Gieger C, Girotto G, Goel A, Gow AJ, Gudnason V, Guo X, Gyllensten U, Hamsten A, Harris TB, Harris SE, Hartman CA, Havulinna AS, Hicks AA, Hofer E, Hofman A, Hottenga JJ, Huffman JE, Hwang SJ, Ingelsson E, James A, Jansen R, Jarvelin MR, Joehanes R, Johansson Å, Johnson AD, Joshi PK, Jousilahti P, Jukema JW, Jula A, Kähönen M, Kathiresan S, Keavney BD, Khaw KT, Knekt P, Knight J, Kolcic I, Kooner JS, Koskinen S, Kristiansson K, Kutalik Z, Laan M, Larson M, Launer LJ, Lehne B, Lehtimäki T, Liewald DCM, Lin L, Lind L, Lindgren CM, Liu Y, Loos RJF, Lopez LM, Lu Y, Lyytikäinen LP, Mahajan A, Mamasoula C, Marrugat J, Marten J, Milaneschi Y, Morgan A, Morris AP, Morrison AC, Munson PJ, Nalls MA, Nandakumar P, Nelson CP, Niiranen T, Nolte IM, Nutile T, Oldehinkel AJ, Oostra BA, O'Reilly PF, Org E, Padmanabhan S, Palmas W, Palotie A, Pattie A, Penninx BWJH, Perola M, Peters A, Polasek O, Pramstaller PP, Nguyen QT, Raitakari OT, Ren M, Rettig R, Rice K, Ridker PM, Ried JS, Riese H, Ripatti S, Robino A, Rose LM, Rotter JI, Rudan I, Ruggiero D, Saba Y, Sala CF, Salomaa V, Samani NJ, Sarin AP, Schmidt R, Schmidt H, Shrine N, Siscovick D, Smith AV, Snieder H, Sõber S, Sorice R, Starr JM, Stott DJ, Strachan DP, Strawbridge RJ, Sundström J, Swertz MA, Taylor KD, Teumer A, Tobin MD, Tomaszewski M, Toniolo D, Traglia M, Trompet S, Tuomilehto J, Tzourio C, Uitterlinden AG, Vaez A, van der Most PJ, van Duijn CM, Vergnaud AC, Verwoert GC, Vitart V, Völker U, Vollenweider P, Vuckovic D, Watkins H, Wild SH, Willemsen G, Wilson JF, Wright AF, Yao J, Zemunik T, Zhang W, Attia JR, Butterworth AS, Chasman DI, Conen D, Cucca F, Danesh J, Hayward C, Howson JMM, Laakso M, Lakatta EG, Langenberg C, Melander O, Mook-Kanamori DO, Palmer CNA, Risch L, Scott RA, Scott RJ, Sever P, Spector TD, van der Harst P, Wareham NJ, Zeggini E, Levy D, Munroe PB, Newton-Cheh C, Brown MJ, Metspalu A, Hung AM, O'Donnell CJ, Edwards TL, Psaty BM, Tzoulaki I, Barnes MR, Wain LV, Elliott P, Caulfield MJ. Publisher Correction: Genetic analysis of over 1 million people identifies 535 new loci associated with blood pressure traits. Nat Genet 2018; 50:1755. [PMID: 30429575 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-018-0297-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
In the version of this article originally published, the name of author Martin H. de Borst was coded incorrectly in the XML. The error has now been corrected in the HTML version of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelos Evangelou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina Medical School, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Helen R Warren
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- National Institute for Health Research, Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Center, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - David Mosen-Ansorena
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Borbala Mifsud
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Raha Pazoki
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - He Gao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Georgios Ntritsos
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina Medical School, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Niki Dimou
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina Medical School, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Claudia P Cabrera
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- National Institute for Health Research, Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Center, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Ibrahim Karaman
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Fu Liang Ng
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Marina Evangelou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Mathematics, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Katarzyna Witkowska
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Evan Tzanis
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Jacklyn N Hellwege
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Institute for Medicine and Public Health, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System (626)/Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Ayush Giri
- Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center; Tennessee Valley Health Systems VA, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Digna R Velez Edwards
- Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center; Tennessee Valley Health Systems VA, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Yan V Sun
- Department of Epidemiology, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Kelly Cho
- Massachusetts Veterans Epidemiology Research and Information Center (MAVERIC), VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - J Michael Gaziano
- Massachusetts Veterans Epidemiology Research and Information Center (MAVERIC), VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Peter W F Wilson
- Atlanta VAMC and Emory Clinical Cardiovascular Research Institute, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Philip S Tsao
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Csaba P Kovesdy
- Nephrology Section, Memphis VA Medical Center and University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Tonu Esko
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Reedik Mägi
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Lili Milani
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Peter Almgren
- Department Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Thibaud Boutin
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - Stéphanie Debette
- Department of Neurology, Bordeaux University Hospital, Bordeaux, France
- Univ. Bordeaux, Inserm, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, CHU Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Jun Ding
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, NIA/NIH, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Franco Giulianini
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Elizabeth G Holliday
- Hunter Medical Research Institute and Faculty of Health, University of Newcastle, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Anne U Jackson
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Ruifang Li-Gao
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Wei-Yu Lin
- MRC/BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jian'an Luan
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
| | - Massimo Mangino
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, Kings College London, London, UK
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's and St Thomas' Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Christopher Oldmeadow
- Hunter Medical Research Institute and Faculty of Health, University of Newcastle, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | - Yong Qian
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, NIA/NIH, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Nabi Shah
- Division of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
- Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Praveen Surendran
- MRC/BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sébastien Thériault
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec-Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Niek Verweij
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Center and Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Cardiology, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Sara M Willems
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jing-Hua Zhao
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
| | - Philippe Amouyel
- University of Lille, Inserm, Centre Hosp. Univ. Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR1167 - RID-AGE - Risk factors and molecular determinants of aging-related diseases, Epidemiology and Public Health Department, Lille, France
| | - John Connell
- University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital & Medical School, Dundee, UK
| | - Renée de Mutsert
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Alex S F Doney
- Division of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Martin Farrall
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Cristina Menni
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, Kings College London, London, UK
| | - Andrew D Morris
- Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Raymond Noordam
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Guillaume Paré
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Denis C Shields
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Alice Stanton
- Molecular and Cellular Therapeutics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Simon Thom
- International Centre for Circulatory Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Gonçalo Abecasis
- Center for Statistical Genetics, Department of Biostatistics, SPH II, Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Najaf Amin
- Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Dan E Arking
- Center for Complex Disease Genomics, McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kristin L Ayers
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Sema4, a Mount Sinai venture, Stamford, CT, USA
| | - Caterina M Barbieri
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Batini
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Joshua C Bis
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Tineka Blake
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Murielle Bochud
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University Hospital of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Michael Boehnke
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Human Genetics Center, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston and Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Dorret I Boomsma
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, EMGO+ Institute, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Erwin P Bottinger
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Peter S Braund
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Marco Brumat
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Archie Campbell
- Medical Genetics Section, Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Generation Scotland, Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Harry Campbell
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - Aravinda Chakravarti
- Center for Complex Disease Genomics, McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - John C Chambers
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital, Middlesex, UK
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Ganesh Chauhan
- Centre for Brain Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| | - Marina Ciullo
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics "A. Buzzati-Traverso", CNR, Napoli, Italy
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Isernia, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Cocca
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
| | - Francis Collins
- Medical Genomics and Metabolic Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Heather J Cordell
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Gail Davies
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Martin H de Borst
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Eco J de Geus
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, EMGO+ Institute, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ian J Deary
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Joris Deelen
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Fabiola Del Greco M
- Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research, Bolzano, Italy - Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Cumhur Yusuf Demirkale
- Mathematical and Statistical Computing Laboratory, Office of Intramural Research, Center for Information Technology, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Marcus Dörr
- Department of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Georg B Ehret
- Center for Complex Disease Genomics, McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Roberto Elosua
- CIBERCV & Cardiovascular Epidemiology and Genetics, IMIM, Barcelona, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine, Universitat de Vic-Central de Catalunya, Vic, Spain
| | - Stefan Enroth
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala Universitet, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - Teresa Ferreira
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Big Data Institute, Li Ka Shing Center for Health for Health Information and Discovery, Oxford University, Oxford, UK
| | - Mattias Frånberg
- Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Centre for Molecular Medicine, L8:03, Karolinska Universitetsjukhuset, Solna, Sweden
- Department of Numerical Analysis and Computer Science, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Oscar H Franco
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ilaria Gandin
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Paolo Gasparini
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
| | | | - Christian Gieger
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Giorgia Girotto
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
| | - Anuj Goel
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Alan J Gow
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Department of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Vilmundur Gudnason
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
| | - Xiuqing Guo
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Ulf Gyllensten
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala Universitet, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Anders Hamsten
- Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Centre for Molecular Medicine, L8:03, Karolinska Universitetsjukhuset, Solna, Sweden
| | - Tamara B Harris
- Intramural Research Program, Laboratory of Epidemiology, Demography, and Biometry, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sarah E Harris
- Medical Genetics Section, Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Catharina A Hartman
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Aki S Havulinna
- Department of Public Health Solutions, National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Andrew A Hicks
- Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research, Bolzano, Italy - Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Edith Hofer
- Clinical Division of Neurogeriatrics, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Albert Hofman
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jouke-Jan Hottenga
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, EMGO+ Institute, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jennifer E Huffman
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
- The Population Science Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Shih-Jen Hwang
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
- The Population Science Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Erik Ingelsson
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Alan James
- Department of Pulmonary Physiology and Sleep, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Hospital Avenue, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Rick Jansen
- Department of Psychiatry, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marjo-Riitta Jarvelin
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Center For Life-course Health Research, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Unit of Primary Care, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Roby Joehanes
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
- Hebrew SeniorLife, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Åsa Johansson
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala Universitet, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Andrew D Johnson
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
- Population Sciences Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Peter K Joshi
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - Pekka Jousilahti
- Department of Public Health Solutions, National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland
| | - J Wouter Jukema
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Antti Jula
- Department of Public Health Solutions, National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mika Kähönen
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center - Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Sekar Kathiresan
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Center and Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Bernard D Keavney
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Division of Medicine, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Kay-Tee Khaw
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Institute of Public Health, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Paul Knekt
- Department of Public Health Solutions, National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland
| | - Joanne Knight
- Data Science Institute and Lancaster Medical School, Lancaster, UK
| | - Ivana Kolcic
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Split, Split, Croatia
| | - Jaspal S Kooner
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital, Middlesex, UK
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Seppo Koskinen
- Department of Public Health Solutions, National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kati Kristiansson
- Department of Public Health Solutions, National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland
| | - Zoltan Kutalik
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University Hospital of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Maris Laan
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Marty Larson
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
| | - Lenore J Launer
- Intramural Research Program, Laboratory of Epidemiology, Demography, and Biometry, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Benjamin Lehne
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center - Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - David C M Liewald
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Li Lin
- Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Lars Lind
- Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Cecilia M Lindgren
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Big Data Institute, Li Ka Shing Center for Health for Health Information and Discovery, Oxford University, Oxford, UK
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - YongMei Liu
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Ruth J F Loos
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Mindich Child Health Development Institute, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lorna M Lopez
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Department of Psychiatry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Education and Research Centre, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- University College Dublin, UCD Conway Institute, Centre for Proteome Research, UCD, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Yingchang Lu
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center - Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Anubha Mahajan
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Jaume Marrugat
- CIBERCV & Cardiovascular Epidemiology and Genetics, IMIM, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jonathan Marten
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - Yuri Milaneschi
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health and Amsterdam Neuroscience, VU University Medical Center/GGZ inGeest, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Anna Morgan
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Andrew P Morris
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Alanna C Morrison
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Peter J Munson
- Mathematical and Statistical Computing Laboratory, Office of Intramural Research, Center for Information Technology, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Mike A Nalls
- Data Tecnica International, Glen Echo, MD, USA
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Priyanka Nandakumar
- Center for Complex Disease Genomics, McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Christopher P Nelson
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Teemu Niiranen
- Department of Public Health Solutions, National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Medicine, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Ilja M Nolte
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Teresa Nutile
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics "A. Buzzati-Traverso", CNR, Napoli, Italy
| | - Albertine J Oldehinkel
- Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion Regulation (ICPE), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Ben A Oostra
- Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Paul F O'Reilly
- SGDP Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Elin Org
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Sandosh Padmanabhan
- Generation Scotland, Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Walter Palmas
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Aarno Palotie
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Department of Neurology and Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- The Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research and Program in Medical and Population Genetics, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Alison Pattie
- Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Brenda W J H Penninx
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health and Amsterdam Neuroscience, VU University Medical Center/GGZ inGeest, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Markus Perola
- Department of Public Health Solutions, National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Annette Peters
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Disease Research (DZHK), partner site Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Ozren Polasek
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Split, Split, Croatia
- Psychiatric Hospital "Sveti Ivan", Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Peter P Pramstaller
- Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research, Bolzano, Italy - Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- Department of Neurology, General Central Hospital, Bolzano, Italy
- Department of Neurology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Quang Tri Nguyen
- Mathematical and Statistical Computing Laboratory, Office of Intramural Research, Center for Information Technology, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Olli T Raitakari
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Meixia Ren
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Department of Geriatric Medicine, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Rainer Rettig
- Institute of Physiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Karlsburg, Germany
| | - Kenneth Rice
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Paul M Ridker
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Janina S Ried
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Harriëtte Riese
- Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion Regulation (ICPE), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Samuli Ripatti
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Antonietta Robino
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
| | - Lynda M Rose
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Igor Rudan
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - Daniela Ruggiero
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics "A. Buzzati-Traverso", CNR, Napoli, Italy
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Isernia, Italy
| | - Yasaman Saba
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signaling, Metabolism & Aging, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Cinzia F Sala
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Veikko Salomaa
- Department of Public Health Solutions, National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland
| | - Nilesh J Samani
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Antti-Pekka Sarin
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Reinhold Schmidt
- Clinical Division of Neurogeriatrics, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Helena Schmidt
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signaling, Metabolism & Aging, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Nick Shrine
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | | | - Albert V Smith
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
| | - Harold Snieder
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Siim Sõber
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Rossella Sorice
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics "A. Buzzati-Traverso", CNR, Napoli, Italy
| | - John M Starr
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Alzheimer Scotland Dementia Research Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - David J Stott
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - David P Strachan
- Population Health Research Institute, St George's, University of London, London, UK
| | - Rona J Strawbridge
- Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Centre for Molecular Medicine, L8:03, Karolinska Universitetsjukhuset, Solna, Sweden
| | - Johan Sundström
- Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Morris A Swertz
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Kent D Taylor
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Alexander Teumer
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Martin D Tobin
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Maciej Tomaszewski
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Division of Medicine, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Daniela Toniolo
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Michela Traglia
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Stella Trompet
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Jaakko Tuomilehto
- Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman, Kuwait
- Chronic Disease Prevention Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Saudi Diabetes Research Group, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Christophe Tzourio
- Univ. Bordeaux, Inserm, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, CHU Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - André G Uitterlinden
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ahmad Vaez
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
- Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Peter J van der Most
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Cornelia M van Duijn
- Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Anne-Claire Vergnaud
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | | | - Veronique Vitart
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - Uwe Völker
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Peter Vollenweider
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital, CHUV, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Dragana Vuckovic
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
- Experimental Genetics Division, Sidra Medical and Research Center, Doha, Qatar
| | - Hugh Watkins
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Sarah H Wild
- Centre for Population Health Sciences, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - Gonneke Willemsen
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, EMGO+ Institute, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - James F Wilson
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - Alan F Wright
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - Jie Yao
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Tatijana Zemunik
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Split, Split, Croatia
| | - Weihua Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital, Middlesex, UK
| | - John R Attia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute and Faculty of Health, University of Newcastle, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Adam S Butterworth
- MRC/BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- The National Institute for Health Research Blood and Transplant Research Unit in Donor Health and Genomics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Daniel I Chasman
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David Conen
- Division of Cardiology, University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Francesco Cucca
- Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research, National Research Council (CNR), Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - John Danesh
- MRC/BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- The National Institute for Health Research Blood and Transplant Research Unit in Donor Health and Genomics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Caroline Hayward
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - Joanna M M Howson
- MRC/BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Markku Laakso
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Edward G Lakatta
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Claudia Langenberg
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
| | - Olle Melander
- Department Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Dennis O Mook-Kanamori
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Colin N A Palmer
- Division of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Lorenz Risch
- Labormedizinisches Zentrum Dr. Risch, Schaan, Liechtenstein
- Private University of the Principality of Liechtenstein, Triesen, Liechtenstein
- University Institute of Clinical Chemistry, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Robert A Scott
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
| | - Rodney J Scott
- Hunter Medical Research Institute and Faculty of Health, University of Newcastle, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Peter Sever
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Tim D Spector
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, Kings College London, London, UK
| | - Pim van der Harst
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Nicholas J Wareham
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Daniel Levy
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
- Population Sciences Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Patricia B Munroe
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- National Institute for Health Research, Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Center, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Christopher Newton-Cheh
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Morris J Brown
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- National Institute for Health Research, Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Center, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | | | - Adriana M Hung
- Tennessee Valley Healthcare System (Nashville VA) & Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Christopher J O'Donnell
- VA Boston Healthcare, Section of Cardiology and Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Todd L Edwards
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Institute for Medicine and Public Health, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System (626)/Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Bruce M Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ioanna Tzoulaki
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina Medical School, Ioannina, Greece
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Michael R Barnes
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- National Institute for Health Research, Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Center, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Louise V Wain
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Paul Elliott
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK.
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London, UK.
- National Institute for Health Research Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust and Imperial College London, London, UK.
- UK Dementia Research Institute (UK DRI) at Imperial College London, London, UK.
- Health Data Research-UK London substantive site, London, UK.
| | - Mark J Caulfield
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
- National Institute for Health Research, Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Center, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
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