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Strillacci MG, Punturiero C, Milanesi R, Bernini F, Mason T, Bagnato A. Antibiotic treatments and somatic cell count as phenotype to map QTL for mastitis susceptibility in Holstein cattle breed. Italian Journal of Animal Science 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/1828051x.2023.2175498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Chiara Punturiero
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Università degli Studi di Milano, Lodi, Italy
| | - Raffaella Milanesi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Università degli Studi di Milano, Lodi, Italy
| | - Francesca Bernini
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Università degli Studi di Milano, Lodi, Italy
| | - Tiziano Mason
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Università degli Studi di Milano, Lodi, Italy
| | - Alessandro Bagnato
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Università degli Studi di Milano, Lodi, Italy
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Giannotti A, Lo Vecchio S, Musco S, Pollina L, Vallone F, Strauss I, Paggi V, Bernini F, Gabisonia K, Carlucci L, Lenzi C, Pirone A, Giannessi E, Miragliotta V, Lacour S, Del Popolo G, Moccia S, Micera S. Decoding bladder state from pudendal intraneural signals in pigs. APL Bioeng 2023; 7:046101. [PMID: 37811476 PMCID: PMC10558243 DOI: 10.1063/5.0156484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroprosthetic devices used for the treatment of lower urinary tract dysfunction, such as incontinence or urinary retention, apply a pre-set continuous, open-loop stimulation paradigm, which can cause voiding dysfunctions due to neural adaptation. In the literature, conditional, closed-loop stimulation paradigms have been shown to increase bladder capacity and voiding efficacy compared to continuous stimulation. Current limitations to the implementation of the closed-loop stimulation paradigm include the lack of robust and real-time decoding strategies for the bladder fullness state. We recorded intraneural pudendal nerve signals in five anesthetized pigs. Three bladder-filling states, corresponding to empty, full, and micturition, were decoded using the Random Forest classifier. The decoding algorithm showed a mean balanced accuracy above 86.67% among the three classes for all five animals. Our approach could represent an important step toward the implementation of an adaptive real-time closed-loop stimulation protocol for pudendal nerve modulation, paving the way for the design of an assisted-as-needed neuroprosthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Giannotti
- The BioRobotics Institute and Department of Excellence in Robotics and AI, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy
| | - S. Lo Vecchio
- The BioRobotics Institute and Department of Excellence in Robotics and AI, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy
| | - S. Musco
- Neuro-Urology Department, Careggi University Hospital, Firenze, Italy
| | - L. Pollina
- Bertarelli Foundation Chair in Translational NeuroEngineering, Neuro-X Institute, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - F. Vallone
- The BioRobotics Institute and Department of Excellence in Robotics and AI, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy
| | - I. Strauss
- Laboratory for Biomedical Microtechnology, Department of Microsystems Engineering–IMTEK, IMBIT//NeuroProbes BrainLinks-BrainTools Cluster of Excellence, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - V. Paggi
- Bertarelli Foundation Chair in Microengineering and Bioengineering, Neuro-X Institute, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - F. Bernini
- BioMedLab, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy
| | - K. Gabisonia
- BioMedLab, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy
| | - L. Carlucci
- BioMedLab, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy
| | - C. Lenzi
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - A. Pirone
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - E. Giannessi
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - V. Miragliotta
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - S. Lacour
- Bertarelli Foundation Chair in Microengineering and Bioengineering, Neuro-X Institute, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - G. Del Popolo
- Neuro-Urology Department, Careggi University Hospital, Firenze, Italy
| | - S. Moccia
- The BioRobotics Institute and Department of Excellence in Robotics and AI, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy
| | - S. Micera
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed:
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Strauss I, Agnesi F, Zinno C, Giannotti A, Dushpanova A, Casieri V, Terlizzi D, Bernini F, Gabisonia K, Wu Y, Jiang D, Paggi V, Lacour S, Recchia F, Demosthenous A, Lionetti V, Micera S. Neural Stimulation Hardware for the Selective Intrafascicular Modulation of the Vagus Nerve. IEEE Trans Neural Syst Rehabil Eng 2023; 31:4449-4458. [PMID: 37917519 DOI: 10.1109/tnsre.2023.3329735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
The neural stimulation of the vagus nerve is able to modulate various functions of the parasympathetic response in different organs. The stimulation of the vagus nerve is a promising approach to treating inflammatory diseases, obesity, diabetes, heart failure, and hypertension. The complexity of the vagus nerve requires highly selective stimulation, allowing the modulation of target-specific organs without side effects. Here, we address this issue by adapting a neural stimulator and developing an intraneural electrode for the particular modulation of the vagus nerve. The neurostimulator parameters such as amplitude, pulse width, and pulse shape were modulated. Single-, and multi-channel stimulation was performed at different amplitudes. For the first time, a polyimide thin-film neural electrode was designed for the specific stimulation of the vagus nerve. In vivo experiments were performed in the adult minipig to validate to elicit electrically evoked action potentials and to modulate physiological functions, validating the spatial selectivity of intraneural stimulation. Electrochemical tests of the electrode and the neurostimulator showed that the stimulation hardware was working correctly. Stimulating the porcine vagus nerve resulted in spatially selective modulation of the vagus nerve. ECAP belonging to alpha and beta fibers could be distinguished during single- and multi-channel stimulation. We have shown that the here presented system is able to activate the vagus nerve and can therefore modulate the heart rate, diastolic pressure, and systolic pressure. The here presented system may be used to restore the cardiac loop after denervation by implementing biomimetic stimulation patterns. Presented methods may be used to develop intraneural electrodes adapted for various applications.
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Zinno C, Agnesi F, Bernini F, Gabisonia K, Terlizzi D, Recchia FA, Lionetti V, Micera S. Cardiovascular response to closed-loop intraneural stimulation of the right vagus nerve: a proof-of-concept study. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2023; 2023:1-4. [PMID: 38082815 DOI: 10.1109/embc40787.2023.10340798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is an FDA-approved technique for the neuromodulation of the autonomic nervous system. There are many therapeutic applications where VNS could be used as a therapy, such as cardiovascular diseases, epilepsy, depression, and inflammatory conditions. Cardiovascular applications are particularly relevant, since cardiovascular diseases are the top causes of death worldwide. VNS clinical trials have been performed in the last 15 years for the treatment of heart failure (HF), achieving controversial results. Typically VNS is applied with a cuff electrode placed around the nerve, in an open-loop or cardiac synchronized design. The effectiveness of this approach is hindered by the multifunctional nature of the VN, which is involved in a variety of homeostatic controls. When a high current is applied, adverse effects arise from the stimulation of undesired fibers. An alternative strategy is represented by intraneural stimulation, which can guarantee higher selectivity. Moreover, closed-loop modalities allow the delivery of electrical current inside the nerves only if needed, with a reduced risk of untargeted nerve activation and lower energy consumption. Here we propose a closed-loop intraneural stimulation of the right cervical VN in a clinically relevant animal model. The intraneural was designed according to the internal structure of the VN. A threshold-based closed-loop algorithm was developed using HR as a control variable to produce a chronotropic effect.Clinical Relevance-This work analyzes the closed-loop intraneural VNS for the treatment of cardiovascular disorders, and supports the possibility of developing fully implantable devices with a high degree of selectivity in stimulation and prolonged lifespan.
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La Rosa F, Bernini F. ESG controversies and the cost of equity capital of European listed companies: the moderating effects of ESG performance and market securities regulation. IJAIM 2022. [DOI: 10.1108/ijaim-03-2022-0047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to investigate the effect of environmental, social and governance (ESG) controversies on the cost of equity (COE) capital, exploring the moderating role of both positive ESG performance and market securities regulation.
Design/methodology/approach
This paper adopts a sample of 2,599 time observations related to European listed companies for which the authors examine a set of 30 negative ESG scores across the three pillars in terms of controversies, compliance and other negative issues. This study uses the average of seven implied COE estimates.
Findings
The results show that negative ESG performance, particularly environmental controversies, increases the COE, although this impact is mitigated when associated with company efforts to improve environmental performance. Besides, environmental controversies are likely to increase the COE in countries where the market regulation is stronger, as a consequence of higher investors’ expectations towards the scrutiny role of more efficient markets against companies’ controversies.
Practical implications
Companies should take care seriously of environmental issues such as biodiversity, product impact and resource impact, because investors do react accordingly. As despite no direct effects of positive ESG performance are observed in terms of COE reduction, the mitigating role on the ESG controversies–COE relationship makes ESG practices still significant for European investors.
Social implications
The effects of ESG performance on company financial performance should be investigated under the assumption that bad events weight more than positive ESG performance.
Originality/value
Because no prior studies have specifically assessed the effect of the European listed companies’ ESG controversies on their COE, this paper delivers insights into the relationship between positive and negative ESG performance and their effects on capital market financing.
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Adorni M, Biolo M, Palumbo M, Zimetti F, Scarinzi P, Zambon S, Bernini F, Zambon A. Achilles tendon xanthoma thickness associates to serum lipoprotein functions alterations. Atherosclerosis 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2022.06.146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Marchi C, Adorni M, Conti E, Tremolizzo L, Calabresi L, Bernini F, Zimetti F. Cerebrospinal fluid and serum HDL cholesterol efflux capacity is impaired in neurodegenerative disorders. Atherosclerosis 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2022.06.147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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La Rosa F, Paternostro S, Bernini F. Corporate and regional governance antecedents of the Legality Rating of private Italian companies. J Manag Gov 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10997-021-09612-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Van Velzen D, Adorni M, Zimetti F, Palumbo M, Bernini F, Srazzella A, Simsek S, Sirtori C, Den Heijer M, Ruscica M. Hormone therapy impacts on HDL-CEC but not on HDL subclasses and serum loading capacity: A cohort of transgender individuals. Atherosclerosis 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2021.06.383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Zimetti F, Ferri N, Adorni M, Papotti B, Marchi C, Vandini E, Ronda N, Giuliani D, Bernini F. PCSK9 modulates brain cholesterol metabolism and neuroinflammation in human cell models of astrocytes and neurons. Atherosclerosis 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2021.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Zimetti F, Marchi C, Adorni M, Caffarra P, Ronda N, Spallazzi M, Barocco F, Galimberti D, Bernini F. The Capacity Of Cerebrospinal Fluid To Promote Cholesterol Efflux Through Abca1 And Abcg1 Is Specifically Impaired In Alzheimer’S Disease Patients. Atherosclerosis 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2019.06.894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Greco D, Kocyigit D, Adorni MP, Marchi C, Ronda N, Bernini F, Gurses KM, Canpinar H, Guc D, Oguz SH, Gurlek A, Strazzella A, Simonelli S, Tokgozoglu L, Zimetti F. Vitamin D replacement ameliorates serum lipoprotein functions, adipokine profile and subclinical atherosclerosis in pre-menopausal women. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2018; 28:822-829. [PMID: 29954641 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2018.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Revised: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Low vitamin D (vitD) has been linked to increased cardiovascular (CV) risk, but the effects of vitD supplementation are not clarified. We evaluated the impact of vitD normalization on HDL cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC), which inversely correlates with CV risk, the proatherogenic serum cholesterol loading capacity (CLC), adipokine profile and subclinical atherosclerosis. METHODS AND RESULTS Healthy premenopausal women with vitD deficiency (n = 31) underwent supplementation. Subclinical atherosclerosis was evaluated by flow-mediated dilation (FMD), pulse wave velocity (PWV) and augmentation index (AIx), measured with standard techniques. HDL CEC and serum CLC were measured by a radioisotopic and fluorimetric assay, respectively. Malondialdehyde (MDA) in HDL was quantified by the TBARS assay. Pre-β HDL was assessed by 2D-electrophoresis. Serum adipokines were measured by ELISA. VitD replacement restored normal levels of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) and significantly improved FMD (+4%; p < 0.001), PWV (-4.1%: p < 0.001) and AIx (-16.1%; p < 0.001). Total CEC was significantly improved (+19.5%; p = 0.003), with a specific increase in the ABCA1-mediated CEC (+70.8%; p < 0.001). HDL-MDA slightly but significantly decreased (-9.6%; p = 0.027), while no difference was detected in pre-β HDL. No change was observed in aqueous diffusion nor in the ABCG1-mediated CEC. Serum CLC was significantly reduced (-13.3%; p = 0.026). Levels of adiponectin were increased (+50.6%; p < 0.0001) and resistin levels were decreased (-24.3%; p < 0.0001). After vitD replacement, an inverse relationship was found linking the ABCA1-mediated CEC with pre-β HDL (r2 = 0.346; p < 0.001) and resistin (r2 = 0.220; p = 0.009). CONCLUSION Our data support vitD supplementation for CV risk prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Greco
- Biopharmanet-Tec Center, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - D Kocyigit
- Department of Cardiology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - M P Adorni
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - C Marchi
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - N Ronda
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - F Bernini
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.
| | - K M Gurses
- Department of Cardiology, University of Health Sciences, Konya Training and Research Hospital, Konya, Turkey
| | - H Canpinar
- Department of Basic Oncology, Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, Ankara, Turkey
| | - D Guc
- Department of Basic Oncology, Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, Ankara, Turkey
| | - S H Oguz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - A Gurlek
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - A Strazzella
- Centro E. Grossi Paoletti, Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - S Simonelli
- Centro E. Grossi Paoletti, Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - L Tokgozoglu
- Department of Cardiology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - F Zimetti
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
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Neglia D, Ferrari G, Bernini F, Micalizzi M, L’Abbate A, Trivella MG, De Lazzari C. Computer Simulation of Coronary Flow Waveforms during Caval Occlusion. Methods Inf Med 2018; 48:113-22. [DOI: 10.3414/me0539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2008] [Accepted: 10/27/2008] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Summary
Objectives: Mathematical modeling of the cardiovascular system is a powerful tool to extract physiologically relevant information from multi-parametric experiments. The purpose of the present work was to reproduce by means of a computer simulator, systemic and coronary measurements obtained by in vivo experiments in the pig.
Methods: We monitored in anesthetized open-chest pig the phasic blood flow of the left descending coronary artery, aortic pressure, left ventricular pressure and volume. Data were acquired before, during, and after caval occlusion.Inside the software simulator (CARDIOSIM©) of the cardiovascular system, coronary circulation was modeled in three parallel branching sections. Both systemic and pulmonary circulations were simulated using a lumped parameter mathematical model. Variable elastance model reproduced Starling’s law of the heart.
Results: Different left ventricular pressure-volume loops during experimental caval occlusion and simulated cardiac loops are presented. The sequence of coronary flow-aortic pressure loops obtained in vivo during caval occlusion together with the simulated loops reproduced by the software simulator are reported. Finally experimental and simulated instantaneous coronary blood flow waveforms are shown.
Conclusions: The lumped parameter model of the coronary circulation, together with the cardiovascular system model, is capable of reproducing the changes during caval occlusion, with the profound shape deformation of the flow signal observed during the in vivo experiment. In perspectives, the results of the present model could offer new tool for studying the role of the different determinants of myocardial perfusion, by using the coronary loop shape as a “sensor” of ventricular mechanics in various physiological and pathophysiological conditions.
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Fasone V, Fornaciari L, Coller G, Cardoni A, Bernini F, Corsi K, Bartolini M, Castellano NG. A data-driven analysis of the current debate on the linkages between performance and strategy studies. IJBPM 2018. [DOI: 10.1504/ijbpm.2018.10008950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Castellano NG, Corsi K, Bartolini M, Bernini F, Cardoni A, Coller G, Fasone V, Fornaciari L. A data-driven analysis of the current debate on the linkages between performance and strategy studies. IJBPM 2018. [DOI: 10.1504/ijbpm.2018.088491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Pastormerlo L, Burchielli S, Ciardetti M, Grigoratos C, Bernini F, Benelli E, Castiglioni V, Giorgetti A, Marzullo P, Acquaro G, Franzini M, Passino C, Emdin M. P4025Sympathetic renal denervation after acute myocardial infarction results in increased myocardial salvage in pigs. Eur Heart J 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx504.p4025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Pirro M, Vetrani C, Bianchi C, Mannarino MR, Bernini F, Rivellese AA. Joint position statement on "Nutraceuticals for the treatment of hypercholesterolemia" of the Italian Society of Diabetology (SID) and of the Italian Society for the Study of Arteriosclerosis (SISA). Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2017; 27:2-17. [PMID: 27956024 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2016.11.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2016] [Revised: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
AIM Evidence showed that LDL-cholesterol lowering is associated with a significant cardiovascular risk reduction. The initial therapeutic approach to hypercholesterolemia includes dietary modifications but the compliance to recommendations is often inadequate. Some dietary components with potential cholesterol-lowering activity are present in small amounts in food. Therefore, in recent years the use of "nutraceuticals" (i.e., nutrients and/or bioactive compounds with potential beneficial effects on human health) has become widespread. Such substances may be added to foods and beverages, or taken as dietary supplements (liquid preparations, tablets, capsules). In the present manuscript, the cholesterol-lowering activity of some nutraceuticals (i.e. fiber, phytosterols, soy, policosanol, red yeast rice and berberine) will be discussed along with: 1) the level of evidence on the cholesterol-lowering efficacy emerging from clinical trial; 2) the possible side effects associated with their use; 3) the categories of patients who could benefit from their use. DATA SYNTHESIS Based on the current literature, the cholesterol-lowering effect of fiber, phytosterols and red yeast rice is consistent and supported by a good level of evidence. Over berberine, there is sufficient evidence showing significant cholesterol-lowering effects, although the results come from studies carried out almost exclusively in Asian populations. Data on the effects of soy are conflicting and, therefore, the strength of recommendation is quite low. The evidence on policosanol is inconclusive. CONCLUSION Although health benefits may arise from the use of nutraceuticals with cholesterol-lowering activity, their use might be also associated with possible risks and pitfalls, some of which are common to all nutraceuticals whereas others are related to specific nutraceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Pirro
- Unit of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy; Italian Society for the Study of Arteriosclerosis (SISA), Italy
| | - C Vetrani
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, "Federico II" University, Naples, Italy; Italian Society of Diabetology (SID), Italy
| | - C Bianchi
- Italian Society of Diabetology (SID), Italy; Unit of Diabetology and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Medical Area "Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana", Pisa, Italy
| | - M R Mannarino
- Unit of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy; Italian Society for the Study of Arteriosclerosis (SISA), Italy
| | - F Bernini
- Italian Society for the Study of Arteriosclerosis (SISA), Italy; Department of Pharmacy, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - A A Rivellese
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, "Federico II" University, Naples, Italy; Italian Society of Diabetology (SID), Italy.
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Cipollari E, Zimetti F, Adorni M, Ronda N, Angelino D, Pellegrini N, Bernini F, Favari E. Evaluation of hdl cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC) after consumption of an innovative pasta enriched with bioactive components and functional probiotics. Atherosclerosis 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2016.07.592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Yahya R, Favari E, Calabresi L, Verhoeven A, Zimetti F, Adorni M, Gomaraschi M, Averna M, Cefalù A, Bernini F, Sijbrands E, Mulder M, Roeters van Lennep J. Lomitapide affects HDL composition and function. Atherosclerosis 2016; 251:15-18. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2016.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Revised: 05/03/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Zimetti F, Adorni MP, Ronda N, Gatti R, Bernini F, Favari E. The natural compound berberine positively affects macrophage functions involved in atherogenesis. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2015; 25:195-201. [PMID: 25240689 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2014.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2014] [Revised: 08/01/2014] [Accepted: 08/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS We investigated the effect of berberine (BBR), an alkaloid showing antiatherogenic properties beyond the cholesterol lowering capacity, on macrophage cholesterol handling upon exposure to human serum and on macrophage responses to excess free cholesterol (FC) loading. METHODS AND RESULTS Mouse and human macrophages were utilized as cellular models. Cholesterol content was measured by a fluorimetric assay; cholesterol efflux, cytotoxicity and membrane FC distribution were evaluated by radioisotopic assays. Monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) secretion was measured by ELISA; membrane ruffling and macropinocytosis were visualized by confocal microscopy. Exposure of cholesterol-enriched MPM to serum in the presence of 1 μM BBR resulted in a reduction of intracellular cholesterol content twice greater than exposure to serum alone (-52%; p < 0.01 and -21%; p < 0.05), an effect not mediated by an increase of cholesterol efflux, but rather by the inhibition of cholesterol uptake from serum. Consistently, BBR inhibited in a dose-dependent manner cholesterol accumulation in human macrophages exposed to hypercholesterolemic serum. Confocal microscope analysis revealed that BBR inhibited macropinocytosis, an independent-receptor process involved in LDL internalization. Macrophage FC-enrichment increased MCP-1 release by 1.5 folds, increased cytotoxicity by 2 fold, and induced membrane ruffling; all these responses were markedly inhibited by BBR. FC-enrichment led to an increase in plasma membrane cholesterol by 4.5 folds, an effect counteracted by BBR. CONCLUSION We showed novel potentially atheroprotective activities of BBR in macrophages, consisting in the inhibition of serum-induced cholesterol accumulation, occurring at least in part through an impairment of macropinocytosis, and of FC-induced deleterious effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Zimetti
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - M P Adorni
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - N Ronda
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - R Gatti
- Department of Biomedical, Biotechnology and Translational Sciences, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - F Bernini
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.
| | - E Favari
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
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Pelosi G, Puntoni M, Viglione F, Bernini F, Trivella M, Parodi O. HDL-mediated atheroprotection in a high cholesterol diet swine model by quantitative (immuno)histology coronary profiling. Atherosclerosis 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2014.05.277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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22
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Yahya R, Favari E, Bos S, Vongpromek R, van der Zee L, Touw A, Zimetti F, Adorn M, Bernini F, Verhoeven A, Sijbrands E, Mulder M, Roeters van Lennep J. Treatment of a compound heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia patient with lomitapide. Atherosclerosis 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2014.05.788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Zanotti I, Piemontese A, Bernini F, Del Rio D. Evaluation of antiatherosclerotic effects of ellagic acid metabolites in cultured macrophages. Atherosclerosis 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2014.05.308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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24
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Gazzola K, Vigna G, Bosi C, Sanz J, Bernini F, Favari E, Zimetti F, Calandra S, Cicero A, Franzini L, Zavaroni I. ANGPTL3, carotid imt and advanced lipid profiling in dyslipidemias: Data from the adsl project. Atherosclerosis 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2014.05.144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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25
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Favari E, Zimetti F, Bernini F, Gomaraschi M, Simonelli S, Calabresi L, Pirro M, Lupattelli G. In vivo acute systemic inflammation affects hdl cholesterol efflux capacity. Atherosclerosis 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2014.05.530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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26
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Vigna GB, Satta E, Bernini F, Boarini S, Bosi C, Giusto L, Pinotti E, Tarugi P, Vanini A, Volpato S, Zimetti F, Zuliani G, Favari E. Flow-mediated dilation, carotid wall thickness and HDL function in subjects with hyperalphalipoproteinemia. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2014; 24:777-783. [PMID: 24680225 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2014.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2013] [Revised: 02/07/2014] [Accepted: 02/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The relationships between very high plasma HDLc and subclinical atherosclerosis are still a matter of debate. METHODS AND RESULTS Twenty subjects with primary hyperalphalipoproteinemia (HAL, with HDLc in the highest 10th percentile and absence of overt secondary causes of this condition), aged 30-65 years, were compared with 20 age and sex-matched controls. Lipid determination, lipoprotein particle distribution (Lipoprint(®)), Cholesterol Efflux Capacity (CEC), plasma adhesion molecule, analyses of CETP, SRB1 and LIPG genes and of different markers of subclinical vascular disease (ankle-brachial index, ABI; carotid intima-media thickness, cIMT; brachial-artery flow mediated dilation, FMD) were performed. Fasting HDLc levels were 40 mg/dl higher in HAL subjects while LDLc concentration was comparable to control group. CETP gene analysis in HAL subjects identified one novel rare Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP, Asp131Asn), possibly damaging, while the common SNP p.Val422Ile was highly prevalent (50% vs. 27.4% in a control population). No rare mutations associated with HAL were found in SR-B1 and LIPG genes. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in HAL subjects disclosed larger and more buoyant HDL particles than in controls, while LDL profile was much more similar. ABI, cIMT and arterial plaques did not differ in cases and controls and the two groups showed comparable FMD at brachial artery examination. Similarly, ABCA1 and ABCG1 HDL-mediated CEC, the most relevant for atheroprotection, did not discriminate between the groups and only ABCG1 pathway seemed somewhat related to arterial reactivity. CONCLUSIONS HDL dimension, function and genetics seem scarcely related to subclinical atherosclerosis and vascular reactivity in middle-aged HAL subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- G B Vigna
- Medical Department, Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria di Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.
| | - E Satta
- Medical Department, Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria di Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - F Bernini
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - S Boarini
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - C Bosi
- Medical Department, Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria di Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - L Giusto
- Medical Department, Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria di Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - E Pinotti
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena & Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - P Tarugi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena & Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - A Vanini
- Medical Department, Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria di Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - S Volpato
- Medical Department, Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria di Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - F Zimetti
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - G Zuliani
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - E Favari
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
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Ronda N, Greco D, Adorni M, Zimetti F, Favari E, Borghi M, Hollan I, Hjeltnes G, Mikkelsen K, Meroni P, Bernini F. FRI0258 Improvement of Cell Cholesterol Trafficking-Related Lipoprotein Functions in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients Treated with Adalimumab. Ann Rheum Dis 2014. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.2441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Bigazzi F, Puntoni M, Sbrana F, Adorni MP, Favari E, Bernini F, Sampietro T. Effect of heart failure induced by pacing on HDL levels and cellular cholesterol efflux in a model of minipig. Eur Heart J 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/eht309.p4212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Adorni MP, Zimetti F, Puntoni M, Bigazzi F, Sbrana F, Minichilli F, Bernini F, Ronda N, Favari E, Sampietro T. Cellular cholesterol efflux and cholesterol loading capacity of serum: effects of LDL-apheresis. J Lipid Res 2012; 53:984-989. [PMID: 22414482 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.p024810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
High LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) characterizes familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) and familial combined hyperlipidemia (FCH). LDL-apheresis, used in these patients to reduce LDL-C levels, has been shown to also affect HDL levels and composition. We studied LDL-apheresis effects on six FH and nine FCH subjects' serum capacity to modulate cellular cholesterol efflux, an index of HDL functionality, and to load macrophages with cholesterol. Serum cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC) and macrophage cholesterol loading capacity (CLC) were measured before, immediately after, and two days after LDL-apheresis. The procedure reduced total cholesterol (TC), LDL-C, and apoB plasma levels (-69%, -80% and -74%, respectively), parameters only partially restored two days later. HDL-C and apoA-I plasma levels, reduced after LDL-apheresis (-27% and -16%, respectively), were restored to almost normal levels two days later. LDL-apheresis reduced serum aqueous diffusion (AD) CEC, SR-BI-CEC, and ABCA1-CEC. AD and SR-BI were fully restored whereas ABCA1-CEC remained low two days later. Sera immediately and two days after LDL-apheresis had a lower CLC than pre-LDL-apheresis sera. In conclusion, LDL-apheresis transiently reduces HDL-C levels and serum CEC, but it also reduces also serum capacity to deliver cholesterol to macrophages. Despite a potentially negative effect on HDL levels and composition, LDL-apheresis may counteract foam cells formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M P Adorni
- Department of Pharmacological and Biological Sciences and Applied Chemistries, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - F Zimetti
- Department of Pharmacological and Biological Sciences and Applied Chemistries, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - M Puntoni
- Department of Pharmacological and Biological Sciences and Applied Chemistries, CNR Institute of Clinical Physiology, Pisa, Italy
| | - F Bigazzi
- Department of Pharmacological and Biological Sciences and Applied Chemistries, Dyslipidemias and Atherosclerosis Laboratory, Fondazione Toscana Gabriele Monasterio, Pisa, Italy
| | - F Sbrana
- Department of Pharmacological and Biological Sciences and Applied Chemistries, Dyslipidemias and Atherosclerosis Laboratory, Fondazione Toscana Gabriele Monasterio, Pisa, Italy
| | - F Minichilli
- Department of Pharmacological and Biological Sciences and Applied Chemistries, CNR Institute of Clinical Physiology, Pisa, Italy
| | - F Bernini
- Department of Pharmacological and Biological Sciences and Applied Chemistries, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.
| | - N Ronda
- Department of Pharmacological and Biological Sciences and Applied Chemistries, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - E Favari
- Department of Pharmacological and Biological Sciences and Applied Chemistries, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - T Sampietro
- Department of Pharmacological and Biological Sciences and Applied Chemistries, CNR Institute of Clinical Physiology, Pisa, Italy; Department of Pharmacological and Biological Sciences and Applied Chemistries, Dyslipidemias and Atherosclerosis Laboratory, Fondazione Toscana Gabriele Monasterio, Pisa, Italy
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Zanotti I, Maugeais C, Pedrelli M, Gomaraschi M, Salgam P, Calabresi L, Bernini F, Kempen H. The thienotriazolodiazepine Ro 11-1464 increases plasma apoA-I and promotes reverse cholesterol transport in human apoA-I transgenic mice. Br J Pharmacol 2012; 164:1642-51. [PMID: 21449977 DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2011.01376.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Ro 11-1464 is a thienotriazolodiazepine previously described to selectively stimulate apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I) production and mRNA level in human liver cells. Here, we studied its effects upon oral administration to human apoA-I transgenic (hapoA-I) mice. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH HapoA-I mice were treated for 5 days with increasing doses of Ro 11-1464. Macrophage reverse cholesterol transport (mph-RCT) was assessed by following [(3) H]-cholesterol mobilization from pre-labelled i.p. injected J774 macrophages to plasma, liver and faeces. Effects on plasma lipids, apoproteins, lecithin-cholesterol : acyltransferase (LCAT) and liver enzymes, as well as on faecal excretion of cholesterol and bile salts, and on liver lipids and mRNA contents were determined. KEY RESULTS Treatment with Ro 11-1464 300 mg·kg(-1) ·day(-1) resulted in a nearly 2-fold increase in plasma apoA-I, a 2- to 3-fold increase in the level of large sized-pre-β high-density lipoprotein and a 3-fold selective up-regulation of hepatic apoA-I mRNA, but a marked decrease in all plasma lipids and LCAT activity. Mpm-RCT was decreased in blood but markedly increased in faecal sterols (4-fold) and bile acids (1.7-fold). However, liver weight and liver enzymes in plasma were also increased, in parallel with an increase in liver cholesterol ester content (all these effect being significant). CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS In this model Ro 11-1464 causes increased hepatic expression and plasma levels of apoA-I and a suppression of LCAT, and a marked enhancement of reverse cholesterol transport, but also some symptoms of liver toxicity. The compound may therefore be a prototype for a next generation of anti-atherosclerotic medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Zanotti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche, Biologiche e Chimiche Applicate, Università degli Studi di Parma, Parma, Italy
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Zanoni P, Fasano T, Deegan P, Park A, Feher M, Gurakan F, Favari E, Bernini F, Calandra S. 186 NOVEL ABCA1 MUTATIONS IN L PATIENTS WITH SEVERE HDL DEFICIENCY WITH OR WITHOUT CLASSIC MANIFESTATIONS OF TANGIER DISEASE. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(11)70187-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Favari E, Adorni M, Sbrana F, Puntoni M, Bigazzi F, Zimetti F, Bernini F, Sampietro T. 195 CHOLESTEROL EFFLUX POTENTIAL OF SERA FROM PATIENTS BEFORE AND AFTER LDL-APHERESIS. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(11)70196-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Ardigò D, Bernini F, Borghi C, Calandra S, Cicero AFG, Favari E, Fellin R, Franzini L, Vigna GB, Zimetti F, Zavaroni I. Advanced diagnostic support in lipidology project: role for phenotypic and functional evaluation of lipoproteins in dyslipidemias. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.2217/clp.10.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Favari E, Adorni MP, Costa S, Granata A, Corsini A, Ronda N, Gatti R, Bernini F. Abstract: P716 ABCA1 MODULATE CELLULAR MIGRATION AND MEMBRANE RUFFLING INDUCED BY FREE CHOLESTEROL IN MACROPHAGES FOAM CELLS. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(09)70884-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Tarugi P, Gomaraschi M, Nilsson P, Favari E, Adorni MP, Bernini F, Sirtori C, Franceschini G, Calabresi L. Abstract: P371 A NOVEL MUTATION IN CETP GENE AS A CAUSE OF CETP DEFICIENCY IN A CAUCASIAN KINDRED. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(09)70666-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Calabresi L, Favari E, Bernini F, Nilsson P, Sirtori C, Tarugi P, Franceschini G, Gomaraschi M. Abstract: 120 STRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OF HDL FROM CARRIERS OF THE R37X MUTATION IN CETP GENE. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(09)70240-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Zanotti I, Potì F, Pedrelli M, Stomeo G, Bernini F. Abstract: P446 ROLE OF APOLIPOPROTEIN E IN THE REVERSE CHOLESTEROL TRANSPORT IN VIVO. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(09)70741-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Bernini F, Avanzati AM, Petrucci R. Genetic variation in the soil phthiracarid mite, Steganacarus (S.) magnus (Nicolet, 1855) (Acarida, Oribatida) (Notulae Oribatologicae XL). J ZOOL SYST EVOL RES 2009. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0469.1988.tb00302.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Pisciotta L, Bocchi L, Candini C, Sallo R, Zanotti I, Fasano T, Chakrapani A, Bates T, Bonardi R, Cantafora A, Ball S, Watts G, Bernini F, Calandra S, Bertolini S. Severe HDL deficiency due to novel defects in the ABCA1 transporter. J Intern Med 2009; 265:359-72. [PMID: 19019193 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2796.2008.02019.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objective was the identification and functional characterization of mutations in the ABCA1 gene in four patients with severe HDL deficiency. SUBJECTS Patients were referred to the clinic because of almost complete HDL deficiency. METHODS The ABCA1 gene was sequenced directly. The analysis of the ABCA1 protein, ABCA1 mRNA and ABCA1-mediated cholesterol efflux was performed in cultured fibroblasts. Intracellular localization of ABCA1 mutants was investigated in transfected HEK293 cells. RESULTS Two patients were homozygous for mutations in the coding region of the ABCA1 gene, resulting in an amino acid substitution (p.A1046D) and a truncated protein (p.I74YFsX76). The third patient was homozygous for a splice site mutation in intron 35 (c.4773 + 1g>a), resulting in an in-frame deletion of 25 amino acids (del p.D1567_K1591) in ABCA1. These patients had clinical manifestations of accumulation of cholesterol in the reticulo-endothelial system. The fourth patient, with preclinical atherosclerosis, was a compound heterozygote for two missense mutations (p.R587W/p.W1699C). ABCA1-mediated cholesterol efflux was abolished in fibroblasts from patients with p.A1046D and del p.D1567_K1591 mutants and in fibroblasts homozygous for p.R587W. A reduced ABCA1 protein content was observed in these cells, suggesting an increased intracellular degradation. The mutant p.W1699C was largely retained in the endoplasmic reticulum, when expressed in HEK293 cells. CONCLUSIONS The homozygotes for mutations which abolish ABCA1 function showed overt signs of involvement of the reticulo-endothelial system. This was not the case in the compound heterozygote for missense mutations, suggesting that this patient retains some residual ABCA1 function that reduces cholesterol accumulation in the reticulo-endothelial system.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Pisciotta
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
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Bocchi L, Fasano T, Degirolamo C, Candini C, Favari E, Bernini F, Calandra S, Bertolini S. PO5-152 FUNCTIONAL CHARACTERIZATION OF ABCA1 GENE MUTANTS. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(07)71162-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Pigino G, Migliorini M, Paccagnini E, Bernini F. Localisation of heavy metals in the midgut epithelial cells of Xenillus tegeocranus (Hermann, 1804) (Acari: Oribatida). Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2006; 64:257-63. [PMID: 16460803 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2005.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2005] [Revised: 12/13/2005] [Accepted: 12/26/2005] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Sites of intracellular metal deposition in the midgut ventriculus and in the proventricular glands of Xenillus tegeocranus (Hermann, 1804) (Acari: Oribatida) were studied by TEM. The study aimed to obtain new information on the ultrastructural features of heavy metal compartmentalisation and elimination mechanisms in oribatid mites. Specimens of X. tegeocranus were collected from an abandoned mining and smelting area and from an unpolluted site. A large number of electron-dense granules (EDGs) were detected: concentric spherocrystals were observed mainly in the epithelium of the midgut ventriculus, while homogeneous dark granules were found exclusively in proventricular gland cells. The elemental composition of EDGs, studied by X-ray microanalysis, showed that midgut cells of X. tegeocranus can store metals (Fe, Mn, Zn, Ni, and Cu) in granules. The chemical composition of EDGs seems to be influenced by the presence and bioavailability of heavy metals in soil, with different kinds of metals accumulating in different types of granules.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Pigino
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, University of Siena, via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy.
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42
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Bernini F. We-W38:2 Pharmacological modulation of cellular cholesterol efflux. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(06)81282-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Zanotti I, Potì F, Favari E, Bellosta S, Bernini F. Mo-W1:6 Effect of the LXR agonist T0901317 on reverse cholesterol transport in vivo. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(06)80028-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Favari E, Zimetti F, Bortnick A, Adorni M, Zanotti I, Canavesi M, Bernini F. Th-P15:142 Cholesterol efflux from oxidized LDL loaded macrophages. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(06)82102-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Pigino G, Migliorini M, Paccagnini E, Bernini F, Leonzio C. Fine structure of the midgut and Malpighian papillae in Campodea (Monocampa) quilisi Silvestri, 1932 (Hexapoda, Diplura) with special reference to the metal composition and physiological significance of midgut intracellular electron-dense granules. Tissue Cell 2005; 37:223-32. [PMID: 15936358 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2005.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2004] [Revised: 02/01/2005] [Accepted: 02/07/2005] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The fine structure of the midgut and the Malpighian papillae in Campodea (Monocampa) quilisi Silvestri, 1932 (Hexapoda, Diplura) specimens was described. We observed the presence of electron-dense granules (EDGs) in the midgut epithelial cells, similar in genesis, structure and aspect to the type A spherocrystals described in the midgut epithelium of Collembola and Diplopoda. Energy-dispersive X-ray microanalysis was used to detect the chemical composition of the granules and to relate it to the concentrations of some potential toxic heavy metals (Pb, Cu, Zn) in soil and litter. Chemical composition of the granules seems strongly influenced by the presence and bioavailability of heavy metals in the external environment. Specimens from a contaminated abandoned mining and smelting area (Colline Metallifere, southern Tuscany) were able to accumulate Fe, Mn, Zn, Pb and Cu in their midgut EDGs. In addition, we observed that C. (M.) quilisi was able to excrete the metal-containing granules into the external medium by the moulting of the intestinal epithelium. This confirms that the process of ionic retention of midgut cells is particularly significant in animals lacking Malpighian tubules.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Pigino
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, University of Siena, via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy.
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Favari E, Zanotti I, Bernini F, Lee M, Kovanen P, Sirtori C, Franceschini G, Calabresi L. W07-O-002 Increased ABCA1-mediated cholesterol efflux potential of sera from Apoa-I Milano carriers. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(05)80100-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Favar E, Adorni M, Zimetti F, Zanotti I, Bernini F. W01-P-007 Lercanidipine reduces free cholesterol-induced cytotoxicity. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(05)80012-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Zanotti I, Favari E, Adorni M, Zimetti F, Bernini F. W10-O-003 Pitavastatin differently modulates ABCAI-mediated lipid efflux in macrophages and hepatic cells. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(05)80187-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Favari E, Zimetti F, Bortnick A, Zanotti I, Canavesi M, Bernini F. W12-P-013 Impaired ABCAI-mediated sterol efflux from oxidized LDL loaded macrophages. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(05)80257-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Abstract
Several drugs or pharmacologically active molecules such as statins, calcium antagonists, and PPAR agonists have been shown to affect macrophage functions that contribute to atherosclerosis and modulate plaque stability. For example, the modulation of matrix metalloproteinase secretion and cholesterol metabolism in macrophages may help to prevent cardiovascular disease independently of the correction of risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Bellosta
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, University of Milan, Italy.
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