1
|
Parri S, Campani T, Conti V, Cai G, Romi M, Casini S, Zari R, Caldini F, Marsili L. New olive-pomace fertilizer tested with a 2-tiers approach: Biomarkers on Eisenia fetida, physiochemical effects on Solanum lycopersicum and Olea europaea. J Environ Manage 2024; 351:119915. [PMID: 38169256 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Every year, the olive oil industry generates a substantial amount of pomace, a semi-solid residue made up of skin, pulp, pit, and kernel fragments. Rather than being disposed of, the pomace can be dried and transported to an extraction facility where pomace oil can be extracted. Utilizing its high thermal capacity, the extracted pomace can be used as a supplementary fuel in the drying process, resulting in the production of ashes. In this study, the effect of pomace waste applied to the soil was investigated by testing two mixtures with different proportions of de-oiled pomace flour and kernel ash (50:50 and 70:30, respectively) in powder and pellet form. We used a dual approach, evaluating the effects of the mixtures on both soil communities and plant physiology and productivity, to assess the actual usability of the fertilizer in agriculture. The biomarker approach was valuable in assessing the sublethal effects of the two mixtures in powder form in soil. After 30 days of exposure, the bioindicator organism Eisena fetida showed lipid peroxidation, glutathione S-transferase and lactate dehydrogenase levels similar to the control, while lysozyme activity was reduced in all treatments. The powder mixture was lethal to the tomato plants, while there was no evidence of any damage to the olive trees. During 60 days of monitoring, both mixtures in pellet form showed a slight increase in physiological parameters, suggesting a benefit to the photosynthetic system. The improved carbon assimilation in tomato plants treated with the mixtures results in increased plant productivity, both in terms of number and weight of fruits, while maintaining the antioxidant content. This study paves the way for the use of the pomace mixture as a soil improver, thus increasing the value of this waste product.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Parri
- Department of Life Science, University of Siena, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - T Campani
- Department of Physical, Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, 53100, Siena, Italy.
| | - V Conti
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - G Cai
- Department of Life Science, University of Siena, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - M Romi
- Department of Life Science, University of Siena, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - S Casini
- Department of Physical, Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - R Zari
- Studio ZARI Agronomi & Forestali, 53014, Monteroni d'Arbia, Siena, Italy
| | - F Caldini
- Caldini Guido s.r.l., 53030, Radicondoli, Siena, Italy
| | - L Marsili
- Department of Physical, Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, 53100, Siena, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Cerri L, Parri S, Dias MC, Fabiano A, Romi M, Cai G, Cantini C, Zambito Y. Olive Leaf Extracts from Three Italian Olive Cultivars Exposed to Drought Stress Differentially Protect Cells against Oxidative Stress. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:77. [PMID: 38247501 PMCID: PMC10812426 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13010077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Olive leaves are an abundant by-product of olive oil production. Olive leaf extracts (OLEs) are rich in polyphenols, which can be used for health benefits. As polyphenols are the main antioxidant molecules in plants, plants typically increase their polyphenol content when exposed to drought stress. However, the phenolic profile of OLEs can vary in relation to the origin and variety of the plant material. In this work, olive leaf extracts from three different Italian olive cultivars (Giarraffa, Leccino, and Maurino) both exposed and not exposed to drought stress were studied in terms of antioxidant properties and profile, intestinal permeation, and protection against oxidative stress of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), since HUVECs are considered a model to study a wide range of diseases. OLEs from stressed Maurino and Giarraffa plants showed the highest increase in antioxidant capacity compared to controls. The phenolic profile of Maurino' was mainly increased by water deficit, with a large increase in the compounds oleuropein and luteolin-7-O-rutinoside. All tested extracts exposed to a water deficit protected HUVECs against oxidative stress by reducing ROS production, and this effect was more pronounced in OLEs from Giarraffa and Maurino exposed to drought stress compared to all other extracts. Finally, OLE from the stressed Giarraffa group showed a higher apparent permeability of antioxidant molecules than that of Maurino.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luca Cerri
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 33, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (L.C.); (A.F.); (Y.Z.)
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Via Mattioli 4, 53100 Siena, Italy; (S.P.); (M.R.)
| | - Sara Parri
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Via Mattioli 4, 53100 Siena, Italy; (S.P.); (M.R.)
| | - Maria Celeste Dias
- Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal;
| | - Angela Fabiano
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 33, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (L.C.); (A.F.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Marco Romi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Via Mattioli 4, 53100 Siena, Italy; (S.P.); (M.R.)
| | - Giampiero Cai
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Via Mattioli 4, 53100 Siena, Italy; (S.P.); (M.R.)
| | - Claudio Cantini
- Institute for BioEconomy (IBE), National Research Council (CNR), Strada Provinciale Aurelia Vecchia 49, 58022 Follonica, Italy;
| | - Ylenia Zambito
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 33, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (L.C.); (A.F.); (Y.Z.)
- Research Centre for Nutraceutical and Healthy Foods “NUTRAFOOD”, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Shen Z, Tan Z, Ge L, Wang Y, Xing X, Sang W, Cai G. The global burden of lymphoma: estimates from the Global Burden of Disease 2019 study. Public Health 2024; 226:199-206. [PMID: 38086101 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2023.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to describe the global trends in the burden of lymphoma from 1990 to 2019. STUDY DESIGN The data used in this study were from the Global Burden of Disease 2019 study. METHODS This study described the age-standardised rates of incidence, prevalence, mortality, years of life lost (YLLs), years lived with disability (YLDs), and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) of lymphoma (non-Hodgkin and Hodgkin's lymphoma, NHL and HL, respectively) annually from 1990 to 2019, stratified by sociodemographic index (SDI) and 21 world regions. The estimated annual percentage changes in these indexes were calculated. RESULTS In 2019, the age-standardised rates of HL per 100,000 population were lower than those of NHL in terms of incidence (1.1 vs 6.7 per 100,000 person-years, respectively) and prevalence (0.3 vs 5.7 per 100,000 person-years, respectively) but not mortality (21.6 vs 3.2 per 100,000 person-years, respectively). From 1999 to 2019, the global incidence of HL decreased and the incidence of NHL increased, and the prevalence of both HL and NHL increased, but the mortality rates decreased. When stratified by SDI, the incidence of HL decreased in all but middle-SDI regions, the mortality rate of HL decreased in all regions, and both the incidence and mortality rate of NHL increased in all but high-SDI regions. The prevalence of HL and NHL increased in all SDI regions, especially in middle-SDI regions. YLLs and DALYs of HL in all SDI regions and those of NHL in high-SDI regions decreased. YLDs slightly increased in middle- to high-SDI regions. CONCLUSIONS Lymphoma remains a major public health issue, and better prevention, precise identification, and promising treatments are vitally important.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Z Shen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Z Tan
- Research Center of Health Policy and Health Management, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China
| | - L Ge
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Y Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - X Xing
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - W Sang
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Jiangsu, 221006, China.
| | - G Cai
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China; Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, 7000, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Xu FF, Zheng SF, Cai G, Wang SB, Cao L, Chen JY. Prognostic and Predictive Significance of Tumor Immune Microenvironment in Breast Ductal Carcinoma In Situ. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e269-e270. [PMID: 37785019 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.1234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) This study aims to identify the role of different subtypes of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) in predicting risk of recurrence and benefit of whole breast irradiation (WBI). MATERIALS/METHODS Immunohistochemical stain for CD3, CD4, CD8, FOXP3 and CD20 were carried in a well characterized DCIS cohort who received breast-conserving surgery (BCS) from Jan 2009 to Dec 2018. All the TILs subtypes were evaluated by the average numbers of touching-TILs which defined as TILs touching or within one lymphocyte cell thickness from the malignant ducts' basement membrane. The optimal cut-off values of TILs subtypes were selected by the X-tile. RESULTS In total, 167 patients were enrolled in this analysis with 114 patients received WBI. After a median follow-up of 67 months, 15 IBTR events occurred with 6 invasive-IBTRs. Nine out of 15 IBTRs occurred outside of the original quadrant (elsewhere failure event, EFE). CD3+ lymphocytes were the predominant cell subtype while Treg showed the lowest levels. High abundance of TILs subtypes was associated with high tumor grade, presence of microinvasion, high Ki67 index, ER negativity and HER2 positivity. For various TILs subtypes, the multivariate analyses showed that dense CD4+ TILs (HR = 9.84, 95% CI 2.43-39.91, p<0.01) and dense Treg (HR = 4.22, 95% CI 1.24-14.36, p = 0.02) were independent prognostic factors for higher IBTR. As the infiltration of TIL subsets was correlated with one another, we also analyzed the relationship between IBTR and the ratios of different TILs subtypes. By adjusted by clinicopathological parameters, high ratios of CD4+/CD8+, Treg/CD4+ and Treg/CD8+ were found to be independent prognostic factors for higher IBTR (HR = 11.31, 95% CI 3.14-40.76, p<0.01; HR = 3.09, 95% CI 1.05-9.11, p = 0.04; HR = 7.14, 95% CI 1.98-25.73, p<0.01). Consistent with the results of IBTR, the 5-y rate of invasive-IBTR and EFE was both significantly associated with the high CD4+/CD8+, Treg/CD4+ and Treg/CD8+ TILs ratios (all p<0.01). WBI reduced the rate of 5y-IBTR risk from 8.4% to 1.3% (p = 0.02) in the low Treg/CD8+ group, but there was no benefit of WBI in the high group. With respect to EFE, WBI significantly reduced the rate from 2.8% to 0.0% (p = 0.03) in the low Treg/CD8+ group while not in the high group. The benefits of WBI in reducing IBTR and EFE were not significant difference between different CD4+/CD8+ and Treg/CD4+ groups. CONCLUSION Assessment of overall TILs provides a tool for comprehensive evaluation of the DCIS immune microenvironment. Patients with pro-tumoral immune infiltrate (high Treg, high ratios of CD4+/CD8+, Treg/CD4+ and Treg/CD8+) in tumor microenvironment show an increased risk of IBTR and less benefit from breast radiotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F F Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - S F Zheng
- Department of Pathology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - G Cai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - S B Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - L Cao
- Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - J Y Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Cai G, Yu J, Meng X. TFAM Modulates Cardiomyocytes Pyroptosis Induced by Ionizing Radiation through mtDNA/TLR9/NF-kB Pathway. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:S119-S120. [PMID: 37784308 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) Mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) is a pivotal factor for regulating mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) replication, transcription and biogenesis. Previous studies have reported that cytosolic mtDNA stress can lead to cardiomyocytes pyroptosis, which is characterized by inflammasome formation. In this study, we attempted to investigate the mechanism of TFAM regulate cardiomyocytes pyroptosis induced by ionizing radiation. MATERIALS/METHODS The peripheral blood serum of patients with esophageal cancer before and after definitive chemoradiotherapy was collected for Luminex multiplex cytokine assays. C57BL/6 mice were irradiated with the whole heart using small animal radiation research platform (SARRP) to construct a radiation-induced myocardial damage (RIMD) mouse model, and the ventricular function was evaluated using 9.4T Bruker magnetic resonance (MR) scanner. The function changes of cardiomyocytes exposed to radiation were observed in vitro and in vivo after knocking out GSDMD. Furthermore, the changes of mitochondrial function, the levels of cytosolic mtDNA, and the protein levels of NF-kB and pyroptosis pathway in irradiated cardiomyocytes were analyzed by knockdown and overexpression of TFAM in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS By multifactor cytokine assays we found that pyroptosis related IL-1β and IL-18 were significantly increased in patients with high mean heart dose (MHD) after radiotherapy, while those with low MHD were not significantly increased after radiotherapy. Next, we successfully constructed the RIMD mouse model using a single heart irradiation of 20 Gy. We found that the gene expression of pyroptosis pathway was significantly up-regulated after cardiac irradiation by myocardial tissue transcriptomic sequencing. Compared with wild-type (WT) mice, cardiac systolic function of Gsdmd-/- mice was significantly improved at 1, 2, 6, 12, and 24 weeks after heart irradiation. In vitro, we also demonstrated increased viability of irradiated cardiomyocytes by knocking out GSDMD. In vitro and in vivo experiments confirmed the expression of TFAM decreased after radiation. By overexpression of TFAM, we found that irradiated cardiomyocytes showed improved mitochondrial function, decreased release of mtDNA into cytoplasm through mitochondrial permeability transition pores (mPTPs), decreased binding of cytosolic mtDNA to TLR9, and decreased expression of NF-kB and pyroptosis pathway proteins. Dual luciferase gene reporter assays and Chromatin immunoprecipitation (CHIP) assay confirmed that p65 could bind the NLRP3 promoter region. In addition, we found that ventricular function deteriorated and improved in mice with knockdown and overexpression of TFAM through adeno-associated virus serotype 9 (AAV9), respectively. CONCLUSION Our study indicated that TFAM regulate irradiated cardiomyocytes pyroptosis through mtDNA/TLR9/NF-kB pathway. We provide a novel mechanism of RIMD, revealing an underappreciated intervention target for RIMD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Cai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - J Yu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - X Meng
- Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Chen J, Xie JR, Xu FF, Cai G, Wang SB, Huang XB, Zhu QW, Zhao YT, Lin Q, Ye M, Yao Y, Yu B, Xu HP, Cai R, Qi WX, Xu C, Cao L. Quality Assurance of Protocol Compliance in a Multicenter Randomized Trial Investigating the Role of Hypofractionated Comprehensive Reginal Nodal Irradiation in Node-Positive Breast Cancer (HARVEST). Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e168-e169. [PMID: 37784772 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.1007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) The HARVEST trial (NCT03829553) is a phase III, multicenter, randomized clinical trial to explore efficacy and safety of hypofractionated irradiation (HFI) involving regional nodal irradiation (RNI, including internal mammary nodes, IMN) in N+ breast cancer patients treated with mastectomy or breast conserving surgery (BCS). Current study aims to analyze the dosimetric quality assurance so as to evaluate the compliance to the trial protocol. MATERIALS/METHODS Eligible patients were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive conventional fractionated irradiation (CFI: 50 Gy/25Fx) or HFI (40.05 Gy/15Fx), which is delivered to ipsilateral chest wall or whole breast (CW/WB) with tumor bed boost (HFI: 10.68 Gy/4Fx; CFI: 10 Gy/5Fx) and comprehensive RNI (supra/infraclavicular nodes and IMN in each patient, lower axilla if indicated) by using IMRT technique. The plan quality was evaluated based on dose distribution, dose volume histogram (DVH) and field parameters. The target coverage, including planning target volume of CW/WB (PTV1) and tumor bed (PTV2) and doses of the organs at risk (OARs) were evaluated. The LQ model was used to convert doses of OARs in HFI group using α/β = 3 Gy (EQD23) for comparison. RESULTS Between Feb 21, 2019 and Feb 14, 2022, 801 patients were enrolled at 8 centers with 401 and 400 in CFI and HFI group, respectively. There were 182 patients received BCS and 387 patients were with more than three positive lymph nodes. In the CFI group, the D90 and V45 of PTV1 reached the prescribed dose in 70.6% and 96.0% of the patients, respectively. In the HFI group, the D90 and V36 of PTV1 reached the prescribed dose in 87.8% and 95.5% of the patients, respectively. When the tumor bed was irradiated, the D90 of PTV2 reached the prescribed dose in 95.6% in the CFI group and 100% in the HFI group, respectively. The mean D90 of PTV1 and PTV2 were 50.09±0.65 Gy and 60.63±0.91 Gy in CFI group while 40.11±0.56 Gy and 50.79±2.03 Gy in HFI group. For OARs constraints, protocol compliance was all above 95% (heart: 95.3%; ipsilateral lung: 95.5%; contralateral lung: 97.1%; humeral head: 98.2% and spinal cord: 100%) with no significant difference between CFI and HFI groups. For patients with left-sided breast cancer, the Dmean of the heart was 5.10±1.75 Gy vs. 4.59±1.86 Gy (EQD23) in CFI and HFI groups (p = 0.51), respectively. No significant differences in Dmean of the heart (1.45±0.71 Gy vs. 1.33±0.77 Gy (EQD23), p = 0.40) was found either between two groups in right-sided patients. The differences were significant in the Dmean of the ipsilateral lung (13.37±1.99 Gy vs. 11.17±3.50 Gy (EQD23), p<0.01), contralateral lung (0.88±0.73 Gy vs. 0.74±0.61 Gy (EQD23), p<0.01) and the ipsilateral humeral head (15.27±7.62 Gy vs. 13.05±6.19 Gy (EQD23), p<0.01) and the Dmax of spinal cord (21.40±8.82 Gy vs. 19.47±7.99 Gy (EQD23), p = 0.05) between CFI and HFI groups. CONCLUSION A high degree of compliance with protocol dose constraints was found for treatment plans in the HARVEST trial and doses to the most of OARs decreased in HFI group.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Chen
- Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - J R Xie
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - F F Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - G Cai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - S B Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - X B Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Q W Zhu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Y T Zhao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Q Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - M Ye
- Renji Hospital Affiliated Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Y Yao
- Department of Radiotherapy, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - B Yu
- Department of Radiotherapy, the Affiliated Jiangyin Hospital of Nantong University, Jiangyin, China
| | - H P Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - R Cai
- Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - W X Qi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - C Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - L Cao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Cai G, Meng X, Yu J. The Predictive Value of Changes in Basal Myocardial F-18 Fluorodeoxyglucose Uptake for Cardiotoxicity in Locally Advanced Esophageal Cancer Patients Receiving Definitive Radiotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e285. [PMID: 37785059 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.1272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) To investigate the predictive value of changes in myocardial 18F-FDG uptake for major adverse cardiac events (MACEs) in locally advanced esophageal cancer patients receiving definitive radiotherapy. MATERIALS/METHODS Between August 2012 and January 2018, 400 patients with stage II-III esophageal cancer receiving definitive radiotherapy at two institutions were divided into the training (n = 240) and external validation cohorts (n = 160). All patients underwent FDG-PET imaging within 1 week before treatment and 3 months after treatment. Myocardium delineation was performed by Carimas software (version 2.10) based on the AHA 17-segment model. When contouring the left ventricle, the myocardium was automatically divided into basal (segments 1-6), middle (segments 7-12), and apical (segments 13-16) regions, and the mean dose and FDG uptake parameters of each region were obtained by Carimas. Our primary endpoint was MACEs. Patient clinicopathologic factors, dosimetric parameters for the whole heart and cardiac substructures, and myocardial changes within the three regions on 18F-FDG PET were utilized to seek the best predictive models for cardiotoxicity. To avoid multicollinearity between dose-volume histogram (DVH) parameters, we selected the variables with the lowest Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) value from the DVH parameters of the same cardiac structure for the actual modeling procedure. Competing risk analysis and Cox regressions analysis were performed. The predictive performance of the models was evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and Brier score. RESULTS At a median follow-up interval of 78 months, 28 patients (11.7%) developed MACEs. The basal region of the myocardium received the highest radiation dose, followed by the middle and the apex region. The basal myocardial SUVmax and SUVmean significantly increased after radiotherapy while the apical and middle myocardial SUVmax and SUVmean not significantly increased. In univariate analysis, age, pre-existing cardiac disease, changes in pre- and post-treatment basal myocardial SUVmax and SUVmean (∆SUVmax and ∆SUVmean), and dosimetric parameters for MHD, mean LCX, mean LAD, and mean LV dose were associated with an increased hazard of MACEs. Multivariate analysis showed that basal ∆SUVmean retained significance after adjusting for age, pre-existing cardiac disease, and dosimetric parameters for whole heart and cardiac substructures. The AUCs and Brier scores demonstrated favorable predictive accuracies of the model's integrating variables with significant difference in multivariate analysis when predicting MACEs in the training and validation cohorts. CONCLUSION ∆SUVmean was an independent indicator of MACE in locally advanced esophageal cancer patients receiving definitive radiotherapy. Changes in basal myocardial FDG uptake is a promising biomaker for predicting radiation-induced cardiotoxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Cai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - X Meng
- Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - J Yu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Qi W, Cao L, Ou D, Cai G, Xu C, Chen J. Establishing a Risk Stratification Model to Identify Clinically High-Risk N0 Breast Cancer Who Could Benefit from Regional Nodal Irradiation: A Single Institute Analysis. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e201-e202. [PMID: 37784854 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.1079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) The adverse clinical features for pN0 BC patients significantly varies and there is no established clinical risk stratification system to identify those "high-risk" pN0 BC patients who might benefit from RNI. The purpose of this real-world study was to investigate the risk factors for developing recurrence among patients with pathological T1-3N0 breast cancer (BC) treated with breast-conserving surgery (BCS) followed by whole breast irradiation alone (WBI) and identify those clinically high-risk BCs who could benefit from regional nodal irradiation (RNI). MATERIALS/METHODS Female BC patients treated from 2009 to 2016 were retrospectively reviewed. The disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method, and survival differences were compared with the log-rank test. Univariate and multivariate analysis was performed using Cox logistic regression analysis. An external validation was conducted by using SEER database. RESULTS A total of 622 BC patients treated with BCS+WBI alone were included. With a median follow-up of 82 months, the 7-year OS and DFS for the entire cohort was 97% and 91%, respectively. Multivariable Cox analysis indicated that tumor size (p = 0.006), tumor location (p = 0.033), lymphovascular invasion (LVI) status (p = 0.0028) and Ki-67 index (p = 0.051) were independent risk factors for DFS, while only tumor size was the only independent risk factors for OS (p = 0.029). A scoring system was developed using these four factors and the 7-year DFS and OS were 97% and 96% for patients with 0-1 risk factors, 95% and 82% for patients with ≥2 risk factors (p<0.0001 for DFS, and p = 0.0063 for OS). Based on tumor size and tumor location, an external validation by demonstrated that the 7-year OS was 90% and 88% for patients with 0-1 risk factor, which was significantly better than those defined as high-risk BC patients (82%, p<0.0001). CONCLUSION By using our institute database, we establish a risk stratification system for identifying sub-group of pN0 BC patients, who are at high risk for developing recurrence. The results of our study support tailored RT decision-making according to individual risks, which needed to be confirmed in further studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W Qi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - L Cao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - D Ou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - G Cai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - C Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - J Chen
- Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Wang S, Ou D, Cao L, Xu C, Cao W, Chen J, Cai G. Treatment Outcomes and Prognostic Factors of Chemotherapy Combined with Radiotherapy for Patients with Stage I-II Nasal-Type Natural Killer/T-Cell Lymphoma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e491. [PMID: 37785551 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.1723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) The purpose of this study was to assess the treatment outcome and the potential prognostic factors for patients with stage I-II nasal ENKTL treated with radiotherapy (RT) combined chemotherapy (CT). MATERIALS/METHODS From July, 2005 to January, 2019, 118 eligible patients were retrospective included in the study. Among the 118 patients, 84 were male and 34 were female. The median age was 45 years (range: 14-77 years). According to the Ann Arbor staging system, 66 patients had stage I disease (Primary tumor invasion (PTI) was present in 29 patients), and 52 patients had stage II disease. B symptoms were observed in 61 patients. The Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance score was 0 to 1 in 88 patients. Cervical lymph node involvement was observed in 51 patients. The primary lesions were located in the nasal cavity in 92 cases and in the Waldeyer ring in 26 cases. Five patients had received RT followed by CT (RT + CT), 20 patients had received CT followed by RT (CT + RT), 90 patients had received CT followed by RT, again followed by CT (CT+RT+CT), and 3 patients had received concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CRT) (1 patient received CRT + CT, other 2 patients received CT+CRT+CT). Patients were irradiated with a median dose of 50 Gy (range, 24-61.2). All patients received chemotherapy, 91 received non-anthracycline-based chemotherapy, whereas 27 patients received anthracycline-based chemotherapy. The median number of courses of chemotherapy was four (range: 1-10). Patients were scored as having low-risk disease (n = 50), intermediate-risk disease (n = 60) or high-risk disease (n = 8) according to the prognostic index of natural killer cell lymphoma (PINK). RESULTS Among the 118 patients, after initial therapy, the complete response (CR) rate was 82.2% (n = 97), and the partial response (PR) rate was 11.0% (n = 13). The stable disease (SD) rate was 2.5% (n = 3), and the progressive disease (PD) rate was 4.2% (n = 5). With a median follow-up of 43 months (range, 4-201) after irradiation, the 3-year PFS and OS were 76.9% and 82.9%, respectively. The 3-year OS rate was 75.0% for RT + CT, 70.0% for CT + RT, 87.1% for CT + RT+ CT, and 50.0% for CRT (P = 0.052). Three-year OS and PFS were 88.6% and 83.4%, respectively, for non-anthracycline-based chemotherapy regimen compared to 61.6% (P = 0.001) and 58.4% (P = 0.003), respectively, for the anthracycline-based chemotherapy regimen. Three-year OS and PFS were 84.0% and 79.0%, respectively, for patients receiving high-dose RT (≥50 Gy, n = 111) compared to 71.4% (P = 0.076) and 71.4% (P = 0.228), respectively, for low-dose RT (<50 Gy, n = 7). In multivariate analysis, adverse factors associated with OS in our study were chemotherapy regimen and response to RT and CT (P = 0.047, <0.001). CONCLUSION Radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy reported promising response rate and a favorable survival for patients with stage I-II nasal ENKTL. Anthracycline-based chemotherapy regimen and no remission after RT and CT were adverse factors of OS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - D Ou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - L Cao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - C Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - W Cao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - J Chen
- Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - G Cai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Li S, Qi W, Cao L, Xu C, Cai R, Chen J, Cai G. Nodal Response to Neo-Adjuvant Systemic Therapy Predicts Prognosis of cN3c Breast Cancer Patients Receiving Multidisciplinary Therapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e191. [PMID: 37784828 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.1055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) cN3c breast cancer with ipsilateral supraclavicular (SCV) lymph nodal (SCLN) metastasis has a dismal prognosis. We investigated the survival outcomes, patterns and risks of recurrence in those patients after multidisciplinary therapy, as well as the predictors of candidates for SCV area boosting. MATERIALS/METHODS Consecutive cN3c breast cancer patients without distant metastases from January 2009 to December 2020 in our institution were retrospectively reviewed. Based on nodal response to neoadjuvant therapy (NAT), patients were categorized into three groups: clinical complete response (cCR) not achieved in SCLN (Group A, n = 66), SCLN cCR but axillary node (ALN) did not achieve pathological complete response (pCR, Group B, n = 34), cCR in SCLN and pCR in ALN (Group C, n = 13). RESULTS The median follow-up time was 32.7 months (range, 21.9-53.3months). The 5-year overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) rates were 64.6% and 43.7% respectively. Multivariate analysis showed cumulative SCV dose and ypT stage, ALN response and SCV response to NAT were significantly associated with OS and RFS respectively. The 3-year for patients receiving the cumulative SCV dose of ≥60 Gy versus <60 Gy was 81.3% versus 69.0% (P = 0.042). Compared with Group A or B, Group C showed significantly improved RFS (3y-RFS: 53.8% vs 73.6% vs 100%, p = 0.003) and a numerically longer OS (3y-OS: 73.4% vs 86.7% vs 100%, p = 0.089). Meanwhile, Group C showed the lowest rate of DM as first failure (37.9 % vs 23.5% vs 0 in group A, B and C, respectively, p = 0.010). In patients of Group A, the 3-year OS rates for patients receiving the cumulative SCV dose of ≥60 Gy versus <60 Gy was 78.0% versus 57.3% (p = 0.029). CONCLUSION Nodal response to NAT is an independent prognostic factor for survival and pattern of failure. cN3c breast cancer patients with SCLN cCR and ALN pCR after NAT are potentially curable. A cumulative SCV dose of ≥60 Gy is positively associated with improved OS, especially in patients of SCLN without achieving cCR. Our data supports the perspective of optimizing radiotherapeutic strategy based on nodal response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - W Qi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - L Cao
- Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - C Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - R Cai
- Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - J Chen
- Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - G Cai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Conti V, Piccini C, Romi M, Salusti P, Cai G, Cantini C. Pasta Enriched with Carrot and Olive Leaf Flour Retains High Levels of Accessible Bioactives after In Vitro Digestion. Foods 2023; 12:3540. [PMID: 37835193 PMCID: PMC10572326 DOI: 10.3390/foods12193540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this research was to evaluate the levels of antioxidants and polyphenols in pasta enriched with either carrot or olive leaf flours after simulating gastrointestinal digestion. Pasta samples were prepared with fixed amounts of carrot and olive leaf flours (15% and 6% of the total mixture, respectively). We measured the antioxidant capacity and polyphenol content at different stages of the pasta production process, starting from the initial flour to the cooked pasta, and tested samples of the liquid component and solid waste resulting from the digestion process. The antioxidant activity was measured by the FRAP method, while the polyphenol content was measured by the Folin-Ciocalteu method. Vitamin E contents were measured by HPLC. The pasta enriched with carrot (1.26 ± 0.05 mmol/100 g) and olive leaf (2.9 ± 0.07 mmol/100 g) exhibited higher antioxidant power compared to the unenriched pasta (0.8 ± 0.1 mmol/100 g). The polyphenol content followed a similar trend, with values of 131.23 ± 3.08 for olive flour-enriched pasta, 79.15 ± 1.11 for carrot flour-enriched pasta, and 67.5 ± 1.39 for the wheat-only pasta. The pasta samples maintained their antioxidant and polyphenol levels even after undergoing the simulated digestion process. Significantly, the liquid component of the pasta with olive leaf flours had the highest levels of antioxidants and polyphenols during all stages of the digestion process. According to the results of this study, pasta enriched with carrot and olive leaf flours shows promising potential for improving nutritional and functional properties by increasing antioxidant and polyphenol content. The samples were also evaluated by a sensory panel, which showed that fortification modified the perception of some organoleptic attributes without affecting the overall taste of the pasta.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Conti
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Chiara Piccini
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy; (C.P.); (M.R.); (G.C.)
| | - Marco Romi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy; (C.P.); (M.R.); (G.C.)
| | - Patrizia Salusti
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute for Bioeconomy (CNR-IBE), 58022 Follonica, Italy; (P.S.); (C.C.)
| | - Giampiero Cai
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy; (C.P.); (M.R.); (G.C.)
| | - Claudio Cantini
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute for Bioeconomy (CNR-IBE), 58022 Follonica, Italy; (P.S.); (C.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Parrotta L, Mareri L, Cai G. Environmental Stress and Plants 2.0. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12413. [PMID: 37569788 PMCID: PMC10418621 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Following the success of our previous edition [...].
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Parrotta
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 42, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Lavinia Mareri
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Via P.A. Mattioli 4, 53100 Siena, Italy; (L.M.); (G.C.)
| | - Giampiero Cai
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Via P.A. Mattioli 4, 53100 Siena, Italy; (L.M.); (G.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Del Duca S, Fernández-González D, Cai G. Editorial: Regulation of pollen tube growth, volume II. Front Plant Sci 2023; 14:1242416. [PMID: 37496862 PMCID: PMC10368124 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1242416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Del Duca
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Giampiero Cai
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Parrotta L, Sobieszczuk-Nowicka E, Cai G. Editorial: Polyamines and longevity - role of polyamine in plant survival. Front Plant Sci 2023; 14:1232386. [PMID: 37404540 PMCID: PMC10317502 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1232386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Parrotta
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Ewa Sobieszczuk-Nowicka
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Poznań, Poland
| | - Giampiero Cai
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Conti V, Parrotta L, Romi M, Del Duca S, Cai G. Tomato Biodiversity and Drought Tolerance: A Multilevel Review. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10044. [PMID: 37373193 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241210044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Ongoing global climate change suggests that crops will be exposed to environmental stresses that may affect their productivity, leading to possible global food shortages. Among these stresses, drought is the most important contributor to yield loss in global agriculture. Drought stress negatively affects various physiological, genetic, biochemical, and morphological characteristics of plants. Drought also causes pollen sterility and affects flower development, resulting in reduced seed production and fruit quality. Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is one of the most economically important crops in different parts of the world, including the Mediterranean region, and it is known that drought limits crop productivity, with economic consequences. Many different tomato cultivars are currently cultivated, and they differ in terms of genetic, biochemical, and physiological traits; as such, they represent a reservoir of potential candidates for coping with drought stress. This review aims to summarize the contribution of specific physio-molecular traits to drought tolerance and how they vary among tomato cultivars. At the genetic and proteomic level, genes encoding osmotins, dehydrins, aquaporins, and MAP kinases seem to improve the drought tolerance of tomato varieties. Genes encoding ROS-scavenging enzymes and chaperone proteins are also critical. In addition, proteins involved in sucrose and CO2 metabolism may increase tolerance. At the physiological level, plants improve drought tolerance by adjusting photosynthesis, modulating ABA, and pigment levels, and altering sugar metabolism. As a result, we underline that drought tolerance depends on the interaction of several mechanisms operating at different levels. Therefore, the selection of drought-tolerant cultivars must consider all these characteristics. In addition, we underline that cultivars may exhibit distinct, albeit overlapping, multilevel responses that allow differentiation of individual cultivars. Consequently, this review highlights the importance of tomato biodiversity for an efficient response to drought and for preserving fruit quality levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Conti
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Luigi Parrotta
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Marco Romi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Stefano Del Duca
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Interdepartmental Center for Agri-Food Industrial Research, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Giampiero Cai
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Drummen SJJ, Balogun S, Lahham A, Bennell K, Hinman RS, Callisaya M, Cai G, Otahal P, Winzenberg T, Wang Z, Antony B, Munugoda IP, Martel-Pelletier J, Pelletier JP, Abram F, Jones G, Aitken D. A pilot randomized controlled trial evaluating outdoor community walking for knee osteoarthritis: walk. Clin Rheumatol 2023; 42:1409-1421. [PMID: 36692651 PMCID: PMC10102100 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-022-06477-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the feasibility of a randomized controlled trial (RCT) examining outdoor walking on knee osteoarthritis (KOA) clinical outcomes and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) structural changes. METHOD This was a 24-week parallel two-arm pilot RCT in Tasmania, Australia. KOA participants were randomized to either a walking plus usual care group or a usual care control group. The walking group trained 3 days/week. The primary outcome was feasibility assessed by changes being required to the study design, recruitment, randomization, program adherence, safety, and retention. Exploratory outcomes were changes in symptoms, physical performance/activity, and MRI measures. RESULTS Forty participants (mean age 66 years (SD 1.4) and 60% female) were randomized to walking (n = 24) or usual care (n = 16). Simple randomization resulted in a difference in numbers randomized to the two groups. During the study, class sizes were reduced from 10 to 8 participants to improve supervision, and exclusion criteria were added to facilitate program adherence. In the walking group, total program adherence was 70.0% and retention 70.8% at 24 weeks. The walking group had a higher number of mild adverse events and experienced clinically important improvements in symptoms (e.g., visual analogue scale (VAS) knee pain change in the walking group: - 38.7 mm [95% CI - 47.1 to - 30.3] versus usual care group: 4.3 mm [- 4.9 to 13.4]). CONCLUSIONS This study supports the feasibility of a full-scale RCT given acceptable adherence, retention, randomization, and safety, and recruitment challenges have been identified. Large symptomatic benefits support the clinical usefulness of a subsequent trial. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER 12618001097235. Key Points • This pilot study is the first to investigate the effects of an outdoor walking program on knee osteoarthritis clinical outcomes and MRI joint structure, and it indicates that a full-scale RCT is feasible. • The outdoor walking program (plus usual care) resulted in large improvements in self-reported knee osteoarthritis symptoms compared to usual care alone. • The study identified recruitment challenges, and the manuscript explores these in more details and provides recommendations for future studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S J J Drummen
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, 7000, Australia.
| | - S Balogun
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, 7000, Australia
- Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - A Lahham
- Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - K Bennell
- The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - R S Hinman
- The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - M Callisaya
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, 7000, Australia
- Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - G Cai
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, 7000, Australia
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - P Otahal
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, 7000, Australia
| | - T Winzenberg
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, 7000, Australia
| | - Z Wang
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, 7000, Australia
| | - B Antony
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, 7000, Australia
| | - I P Munugoda
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, 7000, Australia
| | - J Martel-Pelletier
- Osteoarthritis Research Unit, University of Montreal Hospital Research Centre (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - J P Pelletier
- Osteoarthritis Research Unit, University of Montreal Hospital Research Centre (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - F Abram
- Medical Imaging Research & Development, ArthroLab Inc, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - G Jones
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, 7000, Australia
| | - D Aitken
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, 7000, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Spigel D, Galsky M, Heeke A, Villaruz L, Sands J, Subbiah V, Sonpavde G, Singh A, Srinivas S, Brock G, Cai G, Bhatt K, Chakrabarti D. PP01.50 EMERGE-201: Phase 2 Basket Study of Lurbinectedin Monotherapy in Advanced or Metastatic Solid Tumors. J Thorac Oncol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2022.09.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
|
18
|
Suanno C, Tonoli E, Fornari E, Savoca MP, Aloisi I, Parrotta L, Faleri C, Cai G, Coveney C, Boocock DJ, Verderio EAM, Del Duca S. Small extracellular vesicles released from germinated kiwi pollen (pollensomes) present characteristics similar to mammalian exosomes and carry a plant homolog of ALIX. Front Plant Sci 2023; 14:1090026. [PMID: 36760648 PMCID: PMC9905850 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1090026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In the last decade, it has been discovered that allergen-bearing extracellular nanovesicles, termed "pollensomes", are released by pollen during germination. These extracellular vesicles (EVs) may play an important role in pollen-pistil interaction during fertilization, stabilizing the secreted bioactive molecules and allowing long-distance signaling. However, the molecular composition and the biological role of these EVs are still unclear. The present study had two main aims: (I) to clarify whether pollen germination is needed to release pollensomes, or if they can be secreted also in high humidity conditions; and (II) to investigate the molecular features of pollensomes following the most recent guidelines for EVs isolation and identification. METHODS To do so, pollensomes were isolated from hydrated and germinated kiwi (Actinidia chinensis Planch.) pollen, and characterized using imaging techniques, immunoblotting, and proteomics. RESULTS These analyses revealed that only germinated kiwi pollen released detectable concentrations of nanoparticles compatible with small EVs for shape and protein content. Moreover, a plant homolog of ALIX, which is a well-recognized and accepted marker of small EVs and exosomes in mammals, was found in pollensomes. DISCUSSION The presence of this protein, along with other proteins involved in endocytosis, is consistent with the hypothesis that pollensomes could comprehend a prominent subpopulation of plant exosome-like vesicles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Suanno
- University of Bologna, Department of Biological, Geological, and Environmental Sciences, Bologna, Italy
| | - Elisa Tonoli
- Nottingham Trent University, Interdisciplinary Biomedical Research Centre, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Enzo Fornari
- Chrysalis Health & Beauty Creation House, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Maria P. Savoca
- Nottingham Trent University, Interdisciplinary Biomedical Research Centre, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Iris Aloisi
- University of Bologna, Department of Biological, Geological, and Environmental Sciences, Bologna, Italy
| | - Luigi Parrotta
- University of Bologna, Department of Biological, Geological, and Environmental Sciences, Bologna, Italy
- University of Bologna, Interdepartmental Centre for Agri-Food Industrial Research, Cesena, Italy
| | - Claudia Faleri
- University of Siena, Department of Life Sciences, Siena, Italy
| | - Giampiero Cai
- University of Siena, Department of Life Sciences, Siena, Italy
| | - Clare Coveney
- Nottingham Trent University, Department of Biosciences, Centre for Health, Ageing and Understanding Disease (CHAUD), School of Science and Technology, Nottingham, United Kingdom
- Nottingham Trent University, John van Geest Cancer Research Centre, Centre for Health, Ageing and Understanding Disease (CHAUD), School of Science and Technology, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - David J. Boocock
- Nottingham Trent University, Department of Biosciences, Centre for Health, Ageing and Understanding Disease (CHAUD), School of Science and Technology, Nottingham, United Kingdom
- Nottingham Trent University, John van Geest Cancer Research Centre, Centre for Health, Ageing and Understanding Disease (CHAUD), School of Science and Technology, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Elisabetta A. M. Verderio
- University of Bologna, Department of Biological, Geological, and Environmental Sciences, Bologna, Italy
- Nottingham Trent University, Interdisciplinary Biomedical Research Centre, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Stefano Del Duca
- University of Bologna, Department of Biological, Geological, and Environmental Sciences, Bologna, Italy
- University of Bologna, Interdepartmental Centre for Agri-Food Industrial Research, Cesena, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Shi Z, Zhu X, Ke S, Qiu H, Wang J, Gong Y, Shi W, Chen J, Zhao W, Cai G, Zhangcai Y, Chen Y. Prognosis and Benefit Factors of Definitive Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy for Patients with Oligometastatic Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2022.07.565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
|
20
|
Poggioni L, Romi M, Guarnieri M, Cai G, Cantini C. Nutraceutical profile of goji (Lycium barbarum L.) berries in relation to environmental conditions and harvesting period. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.101954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
|
21
|
Çetinbaş-Genç A, Toksöz O, Piccini C, Kilin Ö, Sesal NC, Cai G. Effects of UV-B Radiation on the Performance, Antioxidant Response and Protective Compounds of Hazelnut Pollen. Plants (Basel) 2022; 11:2574. [PMID: 36235440 PMCID: PMC9573160 DOI: 10.3390/plants11192574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Increasing ultraviolet (UV) radiation is expected to become a problem in hazelnut cultivation. The aim of this study is to examine the effects of UV-B on hazelnut pollen. To this end, the pollens were exposed to UV-B for 1, 2, and 3 h at distances of 10, 20, 30, and 40 cm. Groups treated for 2 h at 20 cm and 3 h at 10 and 20 cm were identified as the most affected based on the results of viability, germination, and tube elongation. Further studies on these groups showed that UV-B does not change the DPPH radical scavenging activity for all groups. However, total phenolic compounds decreased after 3 h of treatment at 10 and 20 cm, while total flavonoid compounds decreased after all treatment groups. The UV-B absorbance of cytoplasmic and cell-wall-bound fractions decreased for all groups. The UV-B absorbance of the sporopollenin-derived fraction increased after 2 h of treatment at 20 cm but decreases after treatment for 3 h at 10 and 20 cm. In summary, exposure to UV-B for different times and distances adversely affected pollen grains in terms of pollen viability, germination rate, tube length, and the level of antioxidant molecules and UV-absorbing compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aslıhan Çetinbaş-Genç
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Marmara University, Kadıköy, Istanbul 34722, Turkey
| | - Orçun Toksöz
- Institute of Pure and Applied Sciences, Marmara University, Istanbul 34722, Turkey
| | - Chiara Piccini
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Via Mattioli 4, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Özkan Kilin
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Marmara University, Kadıköy, Istanbul 34722, Turkey
| | - Nüzhet Cenk Sesal
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Marmara University, Kadıköy, Istanbul 34722, Turkey
| | - Giampiero Cai
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Via Mattioli 4, 53100 Siena, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Cai G. The legacy of kinesins in the pollen tube thirty years later. Cytoskeleton (Hoboken) 2022; 79:8-19. [PMID: 35766009 PMCID: PMC9542081 DOI: 10.1002/cm.21713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The pollen tube is fundamental in the reproduction of seed plants. Particularly in angiosperms, we now have much information about how it grows, how it senses extracellular signals, and how it converts them into a directional growth mechanism. The expansion of the pollen tube is also related to dynamic cytoplasmic processes based on the cytoskeleton (such as polymerization/depolymerization of microtubules and actin filaments) or motor activity along with the two cytoskeletal systems and is dependent on motor proteins. While a considerable amount of information is available for the actomyosin system in the pollen tube, the role of microtubules in the transport of organelles or macromolecular structures is still quite uncertain despite that 30 years ago the first work on the presence of kinesins in the pollen tube was published. Since then, progress has been made in elucidating the role of kinesins in plant cells. However, their role within the pollen tube is still enigmatic. In this review, I will postulate some roles of kinesins in the pollen tube 30 years after their initial discovery based on information obtained in other plant cells in the meantime. The most concrete hypotheses predict that kinesins in the pollen tube enable the short movement of specific organelles or contribute to generative cell or sperm cell transport, as well as mediate specific steps in the process of endocytosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giampiero Cai
- Dipartimento Scienze della Vita, Università di Siena, via Mattioli 4, Siena, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Çetinbaş-Genç A, Conti V, Cai G. Let's shape again: the concerted molecular action that builds the pollen tube. Plant Reprod 2022; 35:77-103. [PMID: 35041045 DOI: 10.1007/s00497-022-00437-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The pollen tube is being subjected to control by a complex network of communication that regulates its shape and the misfunction of a single component causes specific deformations. In flowering plants, the pollen tube is a tubular extension of the pollen grain required for successful sexual reproduction. Indeed, maintaining the unique shape of the pollen tube is essential for the pollen tube to approach the embryo sac. Many processes and molecules (such as GTPase activity, phosphoinositides, Ca2+ gradient, distribution of reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide, nonuniform pH values, organization of the cytoskeleton, balance between exocytosis and endocytosis, and cell wall structure) play key and coordinated roles in maintaining the cylindrical shape of pollen tubes. In addition, the above factors must also interact with each other so that the cell shape is maintained while the pollen tube follows chemical signals in the pistil that guide it to the embryo sac. Any intrinsic changes (such as erroneous signals) or extrinsic changes (such as environmental stresses) can affect the above factors and thus fertilization by altering the tube morphology. In this review, the processes and molecules that enable the development and maintenance of the unique shape of pollen tubes in angiosperms are presented emphasizing their interaction with specific tube shape. Thus, the purpose of the review is to investigate whether specific deformations in pollen tubes can help us to better understand the mechanism underlying pollen tube shape.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aslıhan Çetinbaş-Genç
- Department of Biology, Marmara University, Göztepe Campus, 34722, Kadıköy, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Veronica Conti
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, via Mattioli 4, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Giampiero Cai
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, via Mattioli 4, 53100, Siena, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Drummen S, Balogun S, Scheepers L, Munugoda I, Lahham A, Bennell K, Hinman R, Callisaya M, Cai G, Otahal P, Winzenberg T, Wang Z, Antony B, Martel-Pelletier J, Pelletier JP, Abram F, Jones G, Aitken D. AB0994 Exploring knee osteoarthritis pain trajectories and movement-evoked pain changes during a 24-week outdoor walking program (WALK). Ann Rheum Dis 2022. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.4090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BackgroundExercise therapy is recommended as first line treatment for knee osteoarthritis (OA), but it remains to be sub-optimally applied (1). Movement-evoked pain is a potential barrier to exercise adherence, but recent evidence suggests that such pain can be improved by training (2). Walking programs are low-cost, easily adopted and can be performed outdoors which can minimize the risk of SARS-CoV-2 transmission when in a group (3).ObjectivesTo explore the acute pain trajectories of individuals with knee OA during a 24-week outdoor walking intervention. In addition, to explore the effect of pain trajectories and/or baseline characteristics on retention and adherence.MethodsIndividuals with clinical knee OA and bone marrow lesions (BMLs) on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were asked to follow a 24-week walking program. Every week consisted of two one hour supervised group sessions at various outdoor locations and one unsupervised session. At the start and end of every supervised group walk, knee pain was self-reported by participants to their trainer using a numerical rating scale (NRS) (0-10). The difference between the NRS pain values was considered as an acute pain change evoked by that walk. At baseline, the most affected knee of each participant was assessed using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) pain, the Western Ontario and McMasters Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) pain, stiffness and function, wellbeing (3 questionnaires) and the Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) recommended strength and performance measures.ResultsIn total, N = 24 participants started the program of whom N = 7 (29%) withdrew. Pain at the start of each walk decreased from NRS 2.5 (SD 1.6) at the first walk (N = 24) to NRS 0.9 (SD 0.8) at the final walk (N = 17). This pain was estimated to decrease on NRS by -0.04 (95% CI -0.05 to -0.02) per supervised session, p < 0.001 during the first 12 weeks and -0.01 (95% CI -0.02 to -0.004), p = 0.004 during the second twelve weeks of the program. The number (%) of participants who experienced an acute increase in pain decreased from 11 (45.8%) at the first walk to 4 (23.5%) at the last walk.At baseline, non-adherent participants (<70% of group sessions) (N = 11) had lower physical performance scores, including the 30s Chair Stand Test (mean 10 (SD 1.7) stands versus mean 12.0 (SD 1.7) stands, p = 0.011), Fast Past Walk Test (1.23 (SD 0.14) meter per seconds (m/s) vs 1.50 (SD 0.20) m/s, p = 0.001), Six Minute Walk Test (418.8 (SD 75.9) m vs 529 (SD 72.6) m, p = 0.002), compared to adherent participants (N = 13). Non-adherent participants also had less severe self-reported symptoms including WOMAC stiffness (90.7 (SD 44.5) mm vs 121.5 (SD 17.0) mm, p = 0.031), compared to adherent participants. During the first two weeks of walking, acute increases in pain on average (mean ≥0.5 NRS) were reported by a greater number of non-adherent (N = 5 (45.5%)) than adherent participants (n = 4 (30.8%)).ConclusionThis was an exploratory study and results need to be interpreted with caution due to the small sample size. The walking program resulted in clinically important improvements (MCIIs) (≥ 1 on NRS) (4) in start pain and acute pain changes. Improvements in start pain during the first 12-weeks were comparable to improvements measured in the NEMEX program (2) and may suggest that 12 weeks of exercise is sufficient to achieve MCIIs in pain. Improvements in acute changes in pain were smaller, which may have been related to a floor effect (5). Lower physical performance scores at baseline and more acute increases in pain during the first two weeks was associated with non-adherence. Participants with these characteristics may benefit from a lighter introduction to exercise.References[1]Bennell KL, et al. The Lancet Regional Health-Western Pacific. 2021;12:100187.[2]Sandal LF, et al. Osteoarthritis and cartilage. 2016;24(4):589-92.[3]Bulfone TC, et al. The Journal of infectious diseases. 2021;223(4):550-61.[4]Perrot S, et al. Pain. 2013;154(2):248-56.[5]McHorney CA, et al. Quality of life research. 1995;4(4):293-307.AcknowledgementsWe thank the participants who made this study possible. We would like to acknowledge the research staff, Kate Probert, Lizzy Reid, Simone Fitzgerald, Claire Roberts, Jasmin Ritchie, Dawn Simpson, and Tim Albion. We also thank Hamish Newsham-West for his contribution to the study design.Disclosure of InterestsStan Drummen: None declared, Saliu Balogun: None declared, Lieke Scheepers Grant/research support from: Competitive Grant Program Inflammation ASPIRE 2020 Rheumatology International Developed Markets from Pfizer, Employee of: previously worked as an Associate Director Epidemiology at the Medical Evidence Observational Research Department at AstraZeneca., Ishanka Munugoda: None declared, aroub lahham: None declared, Kim Bennell: None declared, Rana Hinman: None declared, Michele Callisaya: None declared, Guoqi Cai: None declared, Petr Otahal: None declared, Tania Winzenberg Consultant of: received payment to create educational material by AMGEN, Zhiqiang Wang: None declared, Benny Antony: None declared, Johanne Martel-Pelletier Shareholder of: ArthroLab Inc., Jean-Pierre Pelletier Shareholder of: ArthroLab Inc., François Abram Consultant of: ArthroLab Inc., Employee of: Arthrolab Inc., Graeme Jones Speakers bureau: received payment for a speakers bureau from Novartis, Dawn Aitken: None declared
Collapse
|
25
|
Conti V, Cantini C, Romi M, Cesare MM, Parrotta L, Del Duca S, Cai G. Distinct Tomato Cultivars Are Characterized by a Differential Pattern of Biochemical Responses to Drought Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23105412. [PMID: 35628226 PMCID: PMC9141555 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Future climate scenarios suggest that crop plants will experience environmental changes capable of affecting their productivity. Among the most harmful environmental stresses is drought, defined as a total or partial lack of water availability. It is essential to study and understand both the damage caused by drought on crop plants and the mechanisms implemented to tolerate the stress. In this study, we focused on four cultivars of tomato, an economically important crop in the Mediterranean basin. We investigated the biochemical mechanisms of plant defense against drought by focusing on proteins specifically involved in this stress, such as osmotin, dehydrin, and aquaporin, and on proteins involved in the general stress response, such as HSP70 and cyclophilins. Since sugars are also known to act as osmoprotectants in plant cells, proteins involved in sugar metabolism (such as RuBisCO and sucrose synthase) were also analyzed. The results show crucial differences in biochemical behavior among the selected cultivars and highlight that the most tolerant tomato cultivars adopt quite specific biochemical strategies such as different accumulations of aquaporins and osmotins. The data set also suggests that RuBisCO isoforms and aquaporins can be used as markers of tolerance/susceptibility to drought stress and be used to select tomato cultivars within breeding programs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Conti
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy; (M.R.); (M.M.C.); (G.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0577-232392
| | - Claudio Cantini
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute for Bioeconomy (CNR-IBE), 58022 Follonica, Italy;
| | - Marco Romi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy; (M.R.); (M.M.C.); (G.C.)
| | - Maria Michela Cesare
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy; (M.R.); (M.M.C.); (G.C.)
| | - Luigi Parrotta
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (L.P.); (S.D.D.)
- Interdepartmental Centre for Agri-Food Industrial Research, University of Bologna, 47521 Cesena, Italy
| | - Stefano Del Duca
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (L.P.); (S.D.D.)
- Interdepartmental Centre for Agri-Food Industrial Research, University of Bologna, 47521 Cesena, Italy
| | - Giampiero Cai
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy; (M.R.); (M.M.C.); (G.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Parrotta L, Faleri C, Del Casino C, Mareri L, Aloisi I, Guerriero G, Hausman JF, Del Duca S, Cai G. Biochemical and cytological interactions between callose synthase and microtubules in the tobacco pollen tube. Plant Cell Rep 2022; 41:1301-1318. [PMID: 35303156 PMCID: PMC9110548 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-022-02860-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE The article concerns the association between callose synthase and cytoskeleton by biochemical and ultrastructural analyses in the pollen tube. Results confirmed this association and immunogold labeling showed a colocalization. Callose is a cell wall polysaccharide involved in fundamental biological processes, from plant development to the response to abiotic and biotic stress. To gain insight into the deposition pattern of callose, it is important to know how the enzyme callose synthase is regulated through the interaction with the vesicle-cytoskeletal system. Actin filaments likely determine the long-range distribution of callose synthase through transport vesicles but the spatial/biochemical relationships between callose synthase and microtubules are poorly understood, although experimental evidence supports the association between callose synthase and tubulin. In this manuscript, we further investigated the association between callose synthase and microtubules through biochemical and ultrastructural analyses in the pollen tube model system, where callose is an essential component of the cell wall. Results by native 2-D electrophoresis, isolation of callose synthase complex and far-western blot confirmed that callose synthase is associated with tubulin and can therefore interface with cortical microtubules. In contrast, actin and sucrose synthase were not permanently associated with callose synthase. Immunogold labeling showed colocalization between the enzyme and microtubules, occasionally mediated by vesicles. Overall, the data indicate that pollen tube callose synthase exerts its activity in cooperation with the microtubular cytoskeleton.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Parrotta
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 42, 40126, Bologna, Italy.
- Interdepartmental Centre for Agri-Food Industrial Research, University of Bologna, Via Quinto Bucci 336, 47521, Cesena, Italy.
| | - Claudia Faleri
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Via P.A. Mattioli 4, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Cecilia Del Casino
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Via P.A. Mattioli 4, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Lavinia Mareri
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Via P.A. Mattioli 4, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Iris Aloisi
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 42, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Gea Guerriero
- Research and Innovation Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, 5 Avenue des Hauts-Fourneaux, 4362, Esch/Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Jean-Francois Hausman
- Research and Innovation Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, 5 Avenue des Hauts-Fourneaux, 4362, Esch/Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Stefano Del Duca
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 42, 40126, Bologna, Italy
- Interdepartmental Centre for Agri-Food Industrial Research, University of Bologna, Via Quinto Bucci 336, 47521, Cesena, Italy
| | - Giampiero Cai
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Via P.A. Mattioli 4, 53100, Siena, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Cai G, Li X, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Ma Y, Xu S, Shuai Z, Peng X, Pan F. Knee symptom but not radiographic knee osteoarthritis increases the risk of falls and fractures: results from the Osteoarthritis Initiative. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2022; 30:436-442. [PMID: 34863991 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2021.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the effect of knee symptoms and radiographic osteoarthritis (ROA) on the risk of falls, recurrent falls, and fractures. DESIGN Participants from the Osteoarthritis Initiative were classified as having 'no', 'unilateral' or 'bilateral' knee symptoms (≥19 on a 0-96 Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index) and ROA (Kellgren-Lawrence grade ≥2) for each visit. Self-reported falls and fractures in the past 12 months were extracted at baseline and follow-up visits until month 96. Recurrent falls were defined as having ≥2 falls in the past 12 months. Hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using mixed-effects complementary log-log regression. RESULTS Of 4465 participants, 3145 (70%), 1681 (38%), and 806 (18%) experienced at least one fall, recurrent fall, and fracture, respectively, over 96 months. Compared to participants without symptomatic knee, unilateral and bilateral knee symptoms were associated with a 17% increased risk of falls and a 36-46% increased risk of recurrent falls, and bilateral knee symptoms increased the risk of fractures (HR 1.45, 95%CI 1.17 to 1.81). Compared to participants with no ROA in either knee, bilateral ROA was associated with a reduced risk of falls (HR 0.87, 95%CI 0.77 to 0.99) and fractures (HR 0.78, 95%CI 0.64 to 0.96). No statistically significant interactions between knee symptoms and ROA were observed. CONCLUSIONS This large population-based study showed that knee symptoms but not ROA increased the risk of falls, recurrent falls, and fractures, and that adults with bilateral ROA may have a lower risk of falls and fractures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Cai
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China.
| | - X Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China.
| | - Y Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China.
| | - Y Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China.
| | - Y Ma
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China.
| | - S Xu
- Department of Rheumatism and Immunity, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, Anhui, China.
| | - Z Shuai
- Department of Rheumatism and Immunity, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, Anhui, China.
| | - X Peng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230088, Anhui, China.
| | - F Pan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
YANG C, Yang C, Lin S, Chen P, Wu J, Meng J, Zhu F, Wang Y, Liang S, Feng Z, Chen X, Cai G. POS-154 A NOMOGRAM FOR PREDICTING ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY IN ADULT PATIENTS WITH MINIMAL CHANGE DISEASE. Kidney Int Rep 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2022.01.166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
|
29
|
OUYANG Q, Sang T, Cai G, Chen X. POS-451 SELF-ASSEMBLED PRO-APOPTOTIC GLYCOL-PEPTIDE BIVA-PK AMELIORATES RENAL FIBROSIS AFTER ISCHEMIA-REPERFUSION INJURY BY TARGETING M2 MACROPHAGES. Kidney Int Rep 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2022.01.479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
|
30
|
HAN Q, Wang X, Ding X, Li Q, Cai G, Zhu H. POS-368 Salivary glycopatterns as potential non-invasive biomarkers of diabetic nephropathy. Kidney Int Rep 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2022.01.390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
|
31
|
Conti V, Romi M, Guarnieri M, Cantini C, Cai G. Italian Tomato Cultivars under Drought Stress Show Different Content of Bioactives in Pulp and Peel of Fruits. Foods 2022; 11:foods11030270. [PMID: 35159422 PMCID: PMC8834277 DOI: 10.3390/foods11030270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: This study aims to evaluate the performance, in terms of accumulation of antioxidant compounds in fruits, of nine local and three commercial Italian tomato cultivars subjected to drought stress. The same local cultivars had been previously studied at morpho-physiological level. Methods: The present manuscript analyzes drought stress as a tool to increase the amount of secondary metabolites that can enhance fruit quality. Nutraceutical characterization of the fruits was performed by analyzing the content of antioxidants, phenols, flavonoids, lycopene, ascorbic acid (vitamin C), rutin, caffeic acid, and naringenin. At the same time, plant sensitivity to stress during the reproductive phase was monitored in terms of flower abscission, fruit drop, and seed germination. Results: Perina turns out to be the tomato cultivar with the best nutraceutical properties in the absence of stress while the Quarantino cultivar is so for flavonoid content (control plants) and lycopene and vitamin C content (stressed plants). Perina and Quarantino are the cultivars with the best response to drought and Perina has the highest concentrations of bioactives. Quarantino responds most effectively to stress in the reproductive phase. Conclusions: data confirm that drought stress increases bioactive production in some local cultivars of tomato, which produce higher quality fruits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Conti
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy; (M.R.); (M.G.); (G.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0577-232392
| | - Marco Romi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy; (M.R.); (M.G.); (G.C.)
| | - Massimo Guarnieri
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy; (M.R.); (M.G.); (G.C.)
| | - Claudio Cantini
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute for Bioeconomy (CNR-IBE), 58022 Follonica, Italy;
| | - Giampiero Cai
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy; (M.R.); (M.G.); (G.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Faleri C, Xu X, Mareri L, Hausman JF, Cai G, Guerriero G. Immunohistochemical analyses on two distinct internodes of stinging nettle show different distribution of polysaccharides and proteins in the cell walls of bast fibers. Protoplasma 2022; 259:75-90. [PMID: 33839957 PMCID: PMC8752570 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-021-01641-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Stinging nettle is a perennial herbaceous species holding value as a multi-purpose plant. Indeed, its leaves and roots are phytofactories providing functional ingredients of medicinal interest and its stems produce silky and resistant extraxylary fibers (a.k.a. bast fibers) valued in the biocomposite sector. Similarly to what is reported in other fiber crops, the stem of nettle contains both lignified and hypolignified fibers in the core and cortex, respectively, and it is therefore a useful model for cell wall research. Indeed, data on nettle stem tissues can be compared to those obtained in other models, such as hemp and flax, to support hypotheses on the differentiation and development of bast fibers. The suitability of the nettle stem as model for cell wall-related research was already validated using a transcriptomics and biochemical approach focused on internodes at different developmental stages sampled at the top, middle, and bottom of the stem. We here sought to complement and enrich these data by providing immunohistochemical and ultrastructural details on young and older stem internodes. Antibodies recognizing non-cellulosic polysaccharides (galactans, arabinans, rhamnogalacturonans) and arabinogalactan proteins were here investigated with the goal of understanding whether their distribution changes in the stem tissues in relation to the bast fiber and vascular tissue development. The results obtained indicate that the occurrence and distribution of cell wall polysaccharides and proteins differ between young and older internodes and that these changes are particularly evident in the bast fibers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Faleri
- Dipartimento Scienze della Vita, University of Siena, via Mattioli 4, Siena, Italy
| | - Xuan Xu
- Environmental Research and Innovation (ERIN) Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), Hautcharage, Luxembourg
| | - Lavinia Mareri
- Dipartimento Scienze della Vita, University of Siena, via Mattioli 4, Siena, Italy
| | - Jean-Francois Hausman
- Environmental Research and Innovation (ERIN) Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), Hautcharage, Luxembourg
| | - Giampiero Cai
- Dipartimento Scienze della Vita, University of Siena, via Mattioli 4, Siena, Italy.
| | - Gea Guerriero
- Environmental Research and Innovation (ERIN) Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), Hautcharage, Luxembourg
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Cai G, Yu J, Meng X. Association Between Changes in Myocardial F-18 Fluorodeoxyglucose Uptake and Cardiac Toxicity or Overall Survival for Inoperable NSCLC Patients Receiving Chemoradiation. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2021.07.1228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
34
|
Cai G, Yu J, Meng X. Dosimetric Predictors of Cardiac Events After Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy for Locally Advanced Esophageal Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2021.07.236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
35
|
Shi Z, Zhu X, Ke S, Qiu H, Cai G, Zhangcai Y, Chen Y. Clinical Parameters Predicting Prognosis for Elderly Patients With Synchronous Oligometastatic Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2021.07.350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
36
|
Piccini C, Cai G, Dias MC, Araújo M, Parri S, Romi M, Faleri C, Cantini C. Olive Varieties under UV-B Stress Show Distinct Responses in Terms of Antioxidant Machinery and Isoform/Activity of RubisCO. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222011214. [PMID: 34681874 PMCID: PMC8538740 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222011214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent decades, atmospheric pollution led to a progressive reduction of the ozone layer with a consequent increase in UV-B radiation. Despite the high adaptation of olive trees to the Mediterranean environment, the progressive increase of UV-B radiation is a risk factor for olive tree cultivation. It is therefore necessary to understand how high levels of UV-B radiation affect olive plants and to identify olive varieties which are better adapted. In this study we analyzed two Italian olive varieties subjected to chronic UV-B stress. We focused on the effects of UV-B radiation on RubisCO, in terms of quantity, enzymatic activity and isoform composition. In addition, we also analyzed changes in the activity of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, GPox) to get a comprehensive picture of the antioxidant system. We also evaluated the effects of UV-B on the enzyme sucrose synthase. The overall damage at biochemical level was also assessed by analyzing changes in Hsp70, a protein triggered under stress conditions. The results of this work indicate that the varieties (Giarraffa and Olivastra Seggianese) differ significantly in the use of specific antioxidant defense systems, as well as in the activity and isoform composition of RubisCO. Combined with a different use of sucrose synthase, the overall picture shows that Giarraffa optimized the use of GPox and opted for a targeted choice of RubisCO isoforms, in addition to managing the content of sucrose synthase, thereby saving energy during critical stress points.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Piccini
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Via Mattioli 4, 53100 Siena, Italy; (C.P.); (S.P.); (M.R.); (C.F.)
- Institute for BioEconomy, National Research Council of Italy, 58022 Follonica, Italy;
| | - Giampiero Cai
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Via Mattioli 4, 53100 Siena, Italy; (C.P.); (S.P.); (M.R.); (C.F.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-057-723-2392; Fax: +39-057-723-2861
| | - Maria Celeste Dias
- Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal; (M.C.D.); (M.A.)
| | - Márcia Araújo
- Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal; (M.C.D.); (M.A.)
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua Campo Alegre, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
- CITAB, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Sara Parri
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Via Mattioli 4, 53100 Siena, Italy; (C.P.); (S.P.); (M.R.); (C.F.)
| | - Marco Romi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Via Mattioli 4, 53100 Siena, Italy; (C.P.); (S.P.); (M.R.); (C.F.)
| | - Claudia Faleri
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Via Mattioli 4, 53100 Siena, Italy; (C.P.); (S.P.); (M.R.); (C.F.)
| | - Claudio Cantini
- Institute for BioEconomy, National Research Council of Italy, 58022 Follonica, Italy;
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Serafini-Fracassini D, Della Mea M, Parrotta L, Faleri C, Cai G, Del Duca S, Aloisi I. AtPng1 knockout mutant of Arabidopsis thaliana shows a juvenile phenotype, morpho-functional changes, altered stress response and cell wall modifications. Plant Physiol Biochem 2021; 167:11-21. [PMID: 34325356 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In order to ascertain the role of plant transglutaminases (TGase) in growth and abiotic stress response, the AtPng1 knock out (KO) line of A. thaliana has been analyzed during plant development and under heat and wound stress. Comparing wild type (WT) and KO lines a 58-kDa band was immunodetected by anti-AtPng1p antibody in the cell wall and chloroplasts only in the WT line. A residual TGase activity, not showing correlation with development nor stress response, was still present in the KO line. The KO line was less developed, with a juvenile phenotype characterized by fewer, smaller and less differentiated cells. Chloroplast TGase activity was insensitive to mutation. Data on stressed plants showed that (i) KO plants under heat stress were more juvenile compared to WT, (ii) different responses between WT and KO lines after wounding took place. TGase activity was not completely absent in the KO line, presenting high activity in the plastidial fraction. In general, the mutation affected A. thaliana growth and development, causing less differentiated cytological and anatomical features.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Serafini-Fracassini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche, Geologiche e Ambientali, Università Degli Studi di Bologna, Via Irnerio, Bologna, 40126, Italy
| | - M Della Mea
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche, Geologiche e Ambientali, Università Degli Studi di Bologna, Via Irnerio, Bologna, 40126, Italy
| | - L Parrotta
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche, Geologiche e Ambientali, Università Degli Studi di Bologna, Via Irnerio, Bologna, 40126, Italy
| | - C Faleri
- Dipartimento di Scienze Della Vita, Università Degli Studi di Siena, Via Mattioli 4, Siena, 53100, Italy
| | - G Cai
- Dipartimento di Scienze Della Vita, Università Degli Studi di Siena, Via Mattioli 4, Siena, 53100, Italy
| | - S Del Duca
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche, Geologiche e Ambientali, Università Degli Studi di Bologna, Via Irnerio, Bologna, 40126, Italy.
| | - I Aloisi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche, Geologiche e Ambientali, Università Degli Studi di Bologna, Via Irnerio, Bologna, 40126, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Conti V, Romi M, Parri S, Aloisi I, Marino G, Cai G, Cantini C. Morpho-Physiological Classification of Italian Tomato Cultivars ( Solanum lycopersicum L.) According to Drought Tolerance during Vegetative and Reproductive Growth. Plants (Basel) 2021; 10:plants10091826. [PMID: 34579359 PMCID: PMC8468351 DOI: 10.3390/plants10091826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Irrigation is fundamental for agriculture but, as climate change becomes more persistent, there is a need to conserve water and use it more efficiently. It is therefore crucial to identify cultivars that can tolerate drought. For economically relevant crops, such as tomatoes, this purpose takes on an even more incisive role and local agrobiodiversity is a large genetic reservoir of promising cultivars. In this study, nine local Italian cultivars of tomatoes plus four widely used commercial cultivars were considered. These experienced about 20 d of drought, either at vegetative or reproductive phase. Various physio-morphological parameters were monitored, such as stomatal conductance (gs), photosynthesis (A), water use efficiency (WUE), growth (GI) and soil water content (SWC). The different responses and behaviors allowed to divide the cultivars into three groups: tolerant, susceptible, and intermediate. The classification was also confirmed by a principal component analysis (PCA). The study, in addition to deepening the knowledge of local Italian tomato cultivars, reveals how some cultivars perform better under stress condition than commercial ones. Moreover, the different behavior depends on the genotype and on the growth phase of plants. In fact, the Perina cultivar is the most tolerant during vegetative growth while the Quarantino cultivar is mostly tolerant at reproductive stage. The results suggest that selection of cultivars could lead to a more sustainable agriculture and less wasteful irrigation plans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Conti
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy; (M.R.); (S.P.); (G.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0577-232392
| | - Marco Romi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy; (M.R.); (S.P.); (G.C.)
| | - Sara Parri
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy; (M.R.); (S.P.); (G.C.)
| | - Iris Aloisi
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Irnerio, 40126 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Giovanni Marino
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Sustainable Plant Protection (CNR-IPSP), Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy;
| | - Giampiero Cai
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy; (M.R.); (S.P.); (G.C.)
| | - Claudio Cantini
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute for Bioeconomy (CNR-IBE), 58022 Follonica, Italy;
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Mareri L, Faleri C, Aloisi I, Parrotta L, Del Duca S, Cai G. Insights into the Mechanisms of Heat Priming and Thermotolerance in Tobacco Pollen. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:8535. [PMID: 34445241 PMCID: PMC8395212 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Global warming leads to a progressive rise in environmental temperature. Plants, as sessile organisms, are threatened by these changes; the male gametophyte is extremely sensitive to high temperature and its ability to preserve its physiological status under heat stress is known as acquired thermotolerance. This latter can be achieved by exposing plant to a sub-lethal temperature (priming) or to a progressive increase in temperature. The present research aims to investigate the effects of heat priming on the functioning of tobacco pollen grains. In addition to evaluating basic physiological parameters (e.g., pollen viability, germination and pollen tube length), several aspects related to a correct pollen functioning were considered. Calcium (Ca2+) level, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and related antioxidant systems were investigated, also to the organization of actin filaments and cytoskeletal protein such as tubulin (including tyrosinated and acetylated isoforms) and actin. We also focused on sucrose synthase (Sus), a key metabolic enzyme and on the content of main soluble sugars, including UDP-glucose. Results here obtained showed that a pre-exposure to sub-lethal temperatures can positively enhance pollen performance by altering its metabolism. This can have a considerable impact, especially from the point of view of breeding strategies aimed at improving crop species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lavinia Mareri
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Via P.A. Mattioli 4, 53100 Siena, Italy; (L.M.); (C.F.); (G.C.)
| | - Claudia Faleri
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Via P.A. Mattioli 4, 53100 Siena, Italy; (L.M.); (C.F.); (G.C.)
| | - Iris Aloisi
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 42, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (I.A.); (S.D.D.)
| | - Luigi Parrotta
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 42, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (I.A.); (S.D.D.)
- Interdepartmental Centre for Agri-Food Industrial Research, University of Bologna, Via Quinto Bucci 336, 47521 Cesena, Italy
| | - Stefano Del Duca
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 42, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (I.A.); (S.D.D.)
- Interdepartmental Centre for Agri-Food Industrial Research, University of Bologna, Via Quinto Bucci 336, 47521 Cesena, Italy
| | - Giampiero Cai
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Via P.A. Mattioli 4, 53100 Siena, Italy; (L.M.); (C.F.); (G.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Zhong H, Cheng S, Zhang X, Xu B, Chen J, Jiang X, Hu Y, Cui G, Wei J, Qian W, Huang X, Hou M, Yan F, Wang X, Song Y, Hu J, Liu Y, Ma X, Li F, Wu C, Chen J, Yu L, Bai O, Xu J, Zhu Z, Liu L, Zhou X, Huang L, Tong Y, Niu T, Wu D, Xiong J, Zhang H, Wang C, Ouyang B, Yi H, Cai G, Li B, Liu J, Li Z, Xiao R, Wang L, Jiang Y, Liu Y, Zheng X, Xu P, Huang H, Wang L, Chen S, Zhao W. ESA VERSUS MESA WITH SANDWICHED RADIOTHERAPY IN PATIENTS WITH EARLY‐STAGE NATURAL KILLER/T‐CELL LYMPHOMA: A MULTICENTRE, RANDOMISED, PHASE 3, NON‐INFERIORITY TRIAL. Hematol Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/hon.52_2879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
|
41
|
Shah SS, Qasem MAA, Berni R, Del Casino C, Cai G, Contal S, Ahmad I, Siddiqui KS, Gatti E, Predieri S, Hausman JF, Cambier S, Guerriero G, Aziz MA. Physico-chemical properties and toxicological effects on plant and algal models of carbon nanosheets from a nettle fibre clone. Sci Rep 2021; 11:6945. [PMID: 33767326 PMCID: PMC7994820 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-86426-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Carbon nanosheets are two-dimensional nanostructured materials that have applications as energy storage devices, electrochemical sensors, sample supports, filtration membranes, thanks to their high porosity and surface area. Here, for the first time, carbon nanosheets have been prepared from the stems and leaves of a nettle fibre clone, by using a cheap and straight-forward procedure that can be easily scaled up. The nanomaterial shows interesting physical parameters, namely interconnectivity of pores, graphitization, surface area and pore width. These characteristics are similar to those described for the nanomaterials obtained from other fibre crops. However, the advantage of nettle over other plants is its fast growth and easy propagation of homogeneous material using stem cuttings. This last aspect guarantees homogeneity of the starting raw material, a feature that is sought-after to get a nanomaterial with homogeneous and reproducible properties. To evaluate the potential toxic effects if released in the environment, an assessment of the impact on plant reproduction performance and microalgal growth has been carried out by using tobacco pollen cells and the green microalga Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata. No inhibitory effects on pollen germination are recorded, while algal growth inhibition is observed at higher concentrations of leaf carbon nanosheets with lower graphitization degree.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Syed Shaheen Shah
- Center of Research Excellence in Nanotechnology, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Ameen Ahmed Qasem
- Center of Research Excellence in Nanotechnology, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Roberto Berni
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, via P.A. Mattioli 4, 53100, Siena, Italy
- TERRA Teaching and Research Center, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, 5030, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Cecilia Del Casino
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, via P.A. Mattioli 4, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Giampiero Cai
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, via P.A. Mattioli 4, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Servane Contal
- Environmental Research and Innovation (ERIN) Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), 5, avenue des Hauts-Fourneaux, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Irshad Ahmad
- Life Sciences Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khawar Sohail Siddiqui
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences (BABS), The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Edoardo Gatti
- Institute of Bioeconomy (IBE), National Research Council, Via P. Gobetti, 101-I, I-40129, Bologna, Italy
| | - Stefano Predieri
- Institute of Bioeconomy (IBE), National Research Council, Via P. Gobetti, 101-I, I-40129, Bologna, Italy
| | - Jean-Francois Hausman
- Environmental Research and Innovation (ERIN) Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, 5, rue Bommel, Z.A.E. Robert Steichen, 4940, Hautcharage, Luxembourg
| | - Sébastien Cambier
- Environmental Research and Innovation (ERIN) Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), 5, avenue des Hauts-Fourneaux, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Gea Guerriero
- Environmental Research and Innovation (ERIN) Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, 5, rue Bommel, Z.A.E. Robert Steichen, 4940, Hautcharage, Luxembourg.
| | - Md Abdul Aziz
- Center of Research Excellence in Nanotechnology, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Cai G, Fernández-González D, Del Duca S. Editorial: Regulation of Pollen Tube Growth. Front Plant Sci 2021; 12:658902. [PMID: 33719326 PMCID: PMC7947231 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.658902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Giampiero Cai
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Delia Fernández-González
- Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate (National Research Council), Bologna, Italy
- Department Biodiversity and Environmental Management, University of León, León, Spain
| | - Stefano Del Duca
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Mareri L, Guerriero G, Hausman JF, Cai G. Purification and Biochemical Characterization of Sucrose synthase from the Stem of Nettle ( Urtica dioica L.). Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22020851. [PMID: 33467001 PMCID: PMC7829918 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Sucrose synthase is a key enzyme in sucrose metabolism as it saves an important part of sucrose energy in the uridine-5'-diphosphate glucose (UDP-glucose) molecule. As such it is also involved in the synthesis of fundamental molecules such as callose and cellulose, the latter being present in all cell walls of plant cells and therefore also in the gelatinous cell walls of sclerenchyma cells such as bast fibers. Given the importance of these cells in plants of economic interest such as hemp, flax and nettle, in this work we have studied the occurrence of Sucrose synthase in nettle stems by analyzing its distribution between the cytosol, membranes and cell wall. We have therefore developed a purification protocol that can allow the analysis of various characteristics of the enzyme. In nettle, Sucrose synthase is encoded by different genes and each form of the enzyme could be subjected to different post-translational modifications. Therefore, by two-dimensional electrophoresis analysis, we have also traced the phosphorylation profile of Sucrose synthase isoforms in the various cell compartments. This information paves the way for further investigation of Sucrose synthase in plants such as nettle, which is both economically important, but also difficult to study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lavinia Mareri
- Dipartimento Scienze della Vita, Università di Siena, via Mattioli 4, 53100 Siena, Italy;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0577-232856
| | - Gea Guerriero
- Environmental Research and Innovation (ERIN) Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), 5 rue Bommel, Z.A.E. Robert Steichen, L-4940 Hautcharage, Luxembourg; (G.G.); (J.-F.H.)
| | - Jean-Francois Hausman
- Environmental Research and Innovation (ERIN) Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), 5 rue Bommel, Z.A.E. Robert Steichen, L-4940 Hautcharage, Luxembourg; (G.G.); (J.-F.H.)
| | - Giampiero Cai
- Dipartimento Scienze della Vita, Università di Siena, via Mattioli 4, 53100 Siena, Italy;
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Li Y, Niu L, Wu X, Faleri C, Tai F, Zhang M, Liu H, Wang W, Cai G. Genome-Wide Identification and Comparison of Cysteine Proteases in the Pollen Coat and Other Tissues in Maize. Front Plant Sci 2021; 12:709534. [PMID: 34630461 PMCID: PMC8494779 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.709534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Cysteine proteases, belonging to the C1-papain family, play a major role in plant growth and development, senescence, and immunity. There is evidence to suggest that pollen cysteine protease (CP) (ZmCP03) is involved in regulating the anther development and pollen formation in maize. However, there is no report on the genome-wide identification and comparison of CPs in the pollen coat and other tissues in maize. In this study, a total of 38 homologous genes of ZmCP03 in maize were identified. Subsequently, protein motifs, conserved domains, gene structures, and duplication patterns of 39 CPs are analyzed to explore their evolutionary relationship and potential functions. The cis-elements were identified in the upstream sequence of 39 CPs, especially those that are related to regulating growth and development and responding to environmental stresses and hormones. The expression patterns of these genes displayed remarked difference at a tissue or organ level in maize based on the available transcriptome data in the public database. Quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR) analysis showed that ZmCP03 was preferably expressed at a high level in maize pollen. Analyses by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and immunoblot, immunofluorescence and immunogold electron microscopy all validated the cellular localization of ZmCP03 in both the pollen coat and pollen cytoplasm. In addition, 142 CP genes from Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), rice (Oryza sativa) and cotton (Gossypium hirsutum), together with 39 maize CPs, were retrieved to analyze their evolution by comparing with orthologous genes. The results suggested that ZmCP03 was relatively conservative and stable during evolution. This study may provide a referential evidence on the function of ZmCP03 in pollen development and germination in maize.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanhua Li
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Liangjie Niu
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaolin Wu
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Claudia Faleri
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Fuju Tai
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Fuju Tai
| | - Man Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hui Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wei Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
- Wei Wang
| | - Giampiero Cai
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
- Giampiero Cai
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Berni R, Charton S, Planchon S, Legay S, Romi M, Cantini C, Cai G, Hausman JF, Renaut J, Guerriero G. Molecular investigation of Tuscan sweet cherries sampled over three years: gene expression analysis coupled to metabolomics and proteomics. Hortic Res 2021; 8:12. [PMID: 33384418 PMCID: PMC7775447 DOI: 10.1038/s41438-020-00445-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) is a stone fruit widely consumed and appreciated for its organoleptic properties, as well as its nutraceutical potential. We here investigated the characteristics of six non-commercial Tuscan varieties of sweet cherry maintained at the Regional Germplasm Bank of the CNR-IBE in Follonica (Italy) and sampled ca. 60 days post-anthesis over three consecutive years (2016-2017-2018). We adopted an approach merging genotyping and targeted gene expression profiling with metabolomics. To complement the data, a study of the soluble proteomes was also performed on two varieties showing the highest content of flavonoids. Metabolomics identified the presence of flavanols and proanthocyanidins in highest abundance in the varieties Morellona and Crognola, while gene expression revealed that some differences were present in genes involved in the phenylpropanoid pathway during the 3 years and among the varieties. Finally, proteomics on Morellona and Crognola showed variations in proteins involved in stress response, primary metabolism and cell wall expansion. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first multi-pronged study focused on Tuscan sweet cherry varieties providing insights into the differential abundance of genes, proteins and metabolites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Berni
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, via P.A. Mattioli 4, I-53100, Siena, Italy
- TERRA Teaching and Research Center, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, 5030, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Sophie Charton
- Environmental Research and Innovation Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, 41, Rue du Brill, L-4422, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Sébastien Planchon
- Environmental Research and Innovation Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, 41, Rue du Brill, L-4422, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Sylvain Legay
- Environmental Research and Innovation Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, 5, rue Bommel, L-4940, Hautcharage, Luxembourg
| | - Marco Romi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, via P.A. Mattioli 4, I-53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Claudio Cantini
- Istituto per la BioEconomia (IBE CNR), Dipartimento di Scienze BioAgroAlimentari, via Aurelia 49, 58022, Follonica, Italy
| | - Giampiero Cai
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, via P.A. Mattioli 4, I-53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Jean-Francois Hausman
- Environmental Research and Innovation Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, 5, rue Bommel, L-4940, Hautcharage, Luxembourg
| | - Jenny Renaut
- Environmental Research and Innovation Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, 41, Rue du Brill, L-4422, Belvaux, Luxembourg.
| | - Gea Guerriero
- Environmental Research and Innovation Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, 5, rue Bommel, L-4940, Hautcharage, Luxembourg.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Cai G, Meng X, Yu J. The Predictive Value of Substructure and Whole Heart Dosimetric Variables for Cardiac Events and Overall Survival in Locally Advanced Esophageal Cancer receiving Chemoradiotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2020.07.1802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
47
|
Çetinbaş-Genç A, Cai G, Del Duca S. Treatment with spermidine alleviates the effects of concomitantly applied cold stress by modulating Ca 2+, pH and ROS homeostasis, actin filament organization and cell wall deposition in pollen tubes of Camellia sinensis. Plant Physiol Biochem 2020; 156:578-590. [PMID: 33065378 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the current study was to examine the effect of spermidine treatment concomitant with cold stress on the elongation of Camellia sinensis pollen tube. When exogenous spermidine (0.05 mM) was applied concomitantly with cold stress, pollen germination rate and pollen tube length were significantly increased in comparison with cold stressed pollen tubes. In addition, spermidine treatment concomitantly with cold stress reduced pollen tube abnormalities induced by cold stress. Besides, cold-induced disorganizations of actin filaments were ameliorated after spermidine treatment along with cold stress because anisotropy levels of actin filaments in shank and apex of pollen tubes decreased. Changes in cold-induced callose distribution in the pollen tube cell wall were partially recovered after spermidine/cold stress treatment. Other cold-induced effects (decrease in Ca2+ content, reduction of pH gradient, accumulation of ROS) were reverted to adequate levels after spermidine treatment in conjunction with cold stress, indicating that pollen tubes are able to cope with stress. Thus, spermidine treatment reorganized the growth pattern of pollen tubes by modulating Ca2+ and ROS homeostasis, actin cytoskeleton organization, and cell wall deposition in Camellia sinensis pollen tubes under cold stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aslıhan Çetinbaş-Genç
- Department of Biology, Marmara University, Göztepe Campus, Kadıköy, 34722, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Giampiero Cai
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Via Mattioli 4, 53100, Siena, Italy.
| | - Stefano Del Duca
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 42, 40126, Bologna, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Cai G, Meng X, Yu J. A Novel Independent Risk Factor for Radiation Pneumonitis in Lung Cancer Patients Receiving Definitive Radiotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2020.07.1174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
49
|
Liu J, Li J, Zeng S, Cai G, Wang Y, Chi J, Li R, Yu Y, Jiao X, Dai Y, Feng Y, Van Zandt M, Seager S, Reich C, Gao Q. Evolution of treatments for endometrial cancers: Clinical data from two national medical databases. Gynecol Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2020.05.619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
50
|
Cai G, Gao Y, Lu W, Zeng S, Chi J, Jiao X, Li R, Li X, Liu J, Song K, Yu Y, Dai Y, Cui B, Lv W, Kong B, Xie X, Ma D, Gao Q. Ovarian cancer and pretreatment thrombosis-associated indices: Evidence based on multicenter, retrospective, observational study. Gynecol Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2020.05.624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|