1
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Takaba R, Ibi D, Yoshida K, Hosomi E, Kawase R, Kitagawa H, Goto H, Achiwa M, Mizutani K, Maeda K, González-Maeso J, Kitagaki S, Hiramatsu M. Ethopharmacological evaluation of antidepressant-like effect of serotonergic psychedelics in C57BL/6J male mice. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2023:10.1007/s00210-023-02778-x. [PMID: 37874338 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02778-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Serotonergic psychedelics such as psilocybin, lysergic acid diethylamide, and DOI exert a hallucinatory effect through serotonin 5-HT2A receptor (5-HT2A) activation. Recent studies have revealed that serotonergic psychedelics have therapeutic potential for neuropsychiatric disorders, including major depressive and anxiety-related disorders. However, the involvement of 5-HT2A in mediating the therapeutic effects of these drugs remains unclear. In this study, we ethopharmacologically analyzed the role of 5-HT2A in the occurrence of anxiolytic- and antidepressant-like effects of serotonergic psychedelics such as psilocin, an active metabolite of psilocybin, DOI, and TCB-2 in mice 24 h post-treatment. Mice with acute intraperitoneal psychedelic treatment exhibited significantly shorter immobility times in the forced swimming test (FST) and tail-suspension test (TST) than vehicle-treated control mice. These effects were eliminated by pretreatment with volinanserin, a 5-HT2A antagonist. Surprisingly, the decreasing immobility time in the FST in response to acute psilocin treatment was sustained for at least three weeks. In the novelty-suppressed feeding test (NSFT), the latency to feed, an indicator of anxiety-like behavior, was decreased by acute administration of psilocin; however, pretreatment with volinanserin did not diminish this effect. In contrast, DOI and TCB-2 did not affect the NSFT performance in mice. Furthermore, psilocin, DOI, and TCB-2 treatment did not affect the spontaneous locomotor activity or head-twitch response, a hallucination-like behavior in rodents. These results suggest that 5-HT2A contributes to the antidepressant effects of serotonergic psychedelics rather than anxiolytic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rika Takaba
- Department of Chemical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmacy, Meijo University, Nagoya, Japan, 468-8502.
| | - Daisuke Ibi
- Department of Chemical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmacy, Meijo University, Nagoya, Japan, 468-8502.
- Department of Chemical Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, Nagoya, Japan, 468-8502.
| | - Keisuke Yoshida
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, Nagoya, Japan, 468-8502
| | - Eri Hosomi
- Department of Chemical Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, Nagoya, Japan, 468-8502
| | - Ririna Kawase
- Department of Chemical Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, Nagoya, Japan, 468-8502
| | - Hiroko Kitagawa
- Department of Chemical Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, Nagoya, Japan, 468-8502
| | - Hirotaka Goto
- Department of Chemical Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, Nagoya, Japan, 468-8502
| | - Mizuki Achiwa
- Department of Chemical Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, Nagoya, Japan, 468-8502
| | - Kento Mizutani
- Department of Chemical Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, Nagoya, Japan, 468-8502
| | - Kyosuke Maeda
- Department of Chemical Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, Nagoya, Japan, 468-8502
| | - Javier González-Maeso
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA
| | - Shinji Kitagaki
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, Nagoya, Japan, 468-8502
| | - Masayuki Hiramatsu
- Department of Chemical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmacy, Meijo University, Nagoya, Japan, 468-8502.
- Department of Chemical Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, Nagoya, Japan, 468-8502.
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2
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Meana JJ, González-Maeso J. Serotonin 5-HT 2A receptors in schizophrenia: Reflexions on an unfinished story. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2023; 74:89-91. [PMID: 37352762 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2023.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J Javier Meana
- Department of Pharmacology, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, 48940 Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM, Spain; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain.
| | - Javier González-Maeso
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA
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3
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Jaster AM, González-Maeso J. Mechanisms and molecular targets surrounding the potential therapeutic effects of psychedelics. Mol Psychiatry 2023; 28:3595-3612. [PMID: 37759040 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-02274-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Psychedelics, also known as classical hallucinogens, have been investigated for decades due to their potential therapeutic effects in the treatment of neuropsychiatric and substance use disorders. The results from clinical trials have shown promise for the use of psychedelics to alleviate symptoms of depression and anxiety, as well as to promote substantial decreases in the use of nicotine and alcohol. While these studies provide compelling evidence for the powerful subjective experience and prolonged therapeutic adaptations, the underlying molecular reasons for these robust and clinically meaningful improvements are still poorly understood. Preclinical studies assessing the targets and circuitry of the post-acute effects of classical psychedelics are ongoing. Current literature is split between a serotonin 5-HT2A receptor (5-HT2AR)-dependent or -independent signaling pathway, as researchers are attempting to harness the mechanisms behind the sustained post-acute therapeutically relevant effects. A combination of molecular, behavioral, and genetic techniques in neuropharmacology has begun to show promise for elucidating these mechanisms. As the field progresses, increasing evidence points towards the importance of the subjective experience induced by psychedelic-assisted therapy, but without further cross validation between clinical and preclinical research, the why behind the experience and its translational validity may be lost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaina M Jaster
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA
| | - Javier González-Maeso
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA.
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4
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Zhang Q, Ma S, Liu Z, Zhu B, Zhou Z, Li G, Meana JJ, González-Maeso J, Lu C. Droplet-based bisulfite sequencing for high-throughput profiling of single-cell DNA methylomes. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4672. [PMID: 37537185 PMCID: PMC10400590 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40411-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The genome-wide DNA methylation profile, or DNA methylome, is a critical component of the overall epigenomic landscape that modulates gene activities and cell fate. Single-cell DNA methylomic studies offer unprecedented resolution for detecting and profiling cell subsets based on methylomic features. However, existing single-cell methylomic technologies are based on use of tubes or well plates and these platforms are not easily scalable for handling a large number of single cells. Here we demonstrate a droplet-based microfluidic technology, Drop-BS, to construct single-cell bisulfite sequencing libraries for DNA methylome profiling. Drop-BS takes advantage of the ultrahigh throughput offered by droplet microfluidics to prepare bisulfite sequencing libraries of up to 10,000 single cells within 2 days. We apply the technology to profile mixed cell lines, mouse and human brain tissues to reveal cell type heterogeneity. Drop-BS offers a promising solution for single-cell methylomic studies requiring examination of a large cell population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - Sai Ma
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Zhengzhi Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - Bohan Zhu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - Zirui Zhou
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - Gaoshan Li
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - J Javier Meana
- Department of Pharmacology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, CIBERSAM, Biocruces Health Research Institute, E-48940, Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Javier González-Maeso
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA
| | - Chang Lu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA.
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5
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Takaba R, Ibi D, Yoshida K, Hosomi E, Kawase R, Kitagawa H, Goto H, Achiwa M, Mizutani K, Maede K, González-Maeso J, Kitagaki S, Hiramatsu M. Ethopharmacological evaluation of antidepressant-like effect of serotonergic psychedelics in C57BL/6J male mice. Res Sq 2023:rs.3.rs-3138705. [PMID: 37461593 PMCID: PMC10350166 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3138705/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
Serotonergic psychedelics such as psilocybin, lysergic acid diethylamide, and DOI exert a hallucinatory effect through serotonin 5-HT 2A receptor (5-HT2A) activation. Recent studies have revealed that serotonergic psychedelics have therapeutic potential for neuropsychiatric disorders, including major depressive and anxiety-related disorders. However, the involvement of 5-HT2A in mediating the therapeutic effects of these drugs remains unclear. In this study, we ethopharmacologically analyzed the role of 5-HT2A in the occurrence of anxiolytic-and antidepressant-like effects of serotonergic psychedelics such as psilocin, an active metabolite of psilocybin, DOI, and TCB-2 in mice. Mice with acute intraperitoneal psychedelic treatment exhibited significantly shorter immobility times in the forced swimming test (FST) and tail-suspension test (TST) than vehicle-treated control mice 24 h post-treatment. These effects were eliminated by pretreatment with volinanserin, a 5-HT2A antagonist. Surprisingly, the decreasing immobility time in the FST in response to acute psilocin treatment was sustained for at least three weeks. In the novelty-suppressed feeding test (NSFT), the latency to feed, an indicator of anxiety-like behavior, was decreased by acute administration of psilocin; however, pretreatment with volinanserin did not diminish this effect. In contrast, DOI and TCB-2 did not affect the NSFT performance in mice. Furthermore, psilocin, DOI, and TCB-2 treatment did not affect the spontaneous locomotor activity or head-twitch response, a hallucination-like behavior in rodents. These results suggest that 5-HT2A contributes to the antidepressant effects of serotonergic psychedelics rather than an anxiolytic effects.
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6
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Saha S, González-Maeso J. The crosstalk between 5-HT 2AR and mGluR2 in schizophrenia. Neuropharmacology 2023; 230:109489. [PMID: 36889432 PMCID: PMC10103009 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2023.109489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a severe brain disorder that usually produces a lifetime of disability. First generation or typical antipsychotics such as haloperidol and second generation or atypical antipsychotics such as clozapine and risperidone remain the current standard for schizophrenia treatment. In some patients with schizophrenia, antipsychotics produce complete remission of positive symptoms, such as hallucinations and delusions. However, antipsychotic drugs are ineffective against cognitive deficits and indeed treated schizophrenia patients have small improvements or even deterioration in several cognitive domains. This underlines the need for novel and more efficient therapeutic targets for schizophrenia treatment. Serotonin and glutamate have been identified as key parts of two neurotransmitter systems involved in fundamental brain processes. Serotonin (or 5-hydroxytryptamine) 5-HT2A receptor (5-HT2AR) and metabotropic glutamate 2 receptor (mGluR2) are G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) that interact at epigenetic and functional levels. These two receptors can form GPCR heteromeric complexes through which their pharmacology, function and trafficking becomes affected. Here we review past and current research on the 5-HT2AR-mGluR2 heterocomplex and its potential implication in schizophrenia and antipsychotic drug action. This article is part of the Special Issue on "The receptor-receptor interaction as a new target for therapy".
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Affiliation(s)
- Somdatta Saha
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA
| | - Javier González-Maeso
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA.
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7
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Zhang Q, Ma S, Liu Z, Zhu B, Zhou Z, Li G, Meana JJ, González-Maeso J, Lu C. Droplet-based bisulfite sequencing for high-throughput profiling of single-cell DNA methylomes. bioRxiv 2023:2023.05.26.542421. [PMID: 37293095 PMCID: PMC10245959 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.26.542421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Genome-wide DNA methylation profile, or DNA methylome, is a critical component of the overall epigenomic landscape that modulates gene activities and cell fate. Single-cell DNA methylomic studies offer unprecedented resolution for detecting and profiling cell subsets based on methylomic features. However, existing single-cell methylomic technologies are all based on use of tubes or well plates and these platforms are not easily scalable for handling a large number of single cells. Here we demonstrate a droplet-based microfluidic technology, Drop-BS, to construct single-cell bisulfite sequencing libraries for DNA methylome profiling. Drop-BS takes advantage of the ultrahigh throughput offered by droplet microfluidics to prepare bisulfite sequencing libraries of up to 10,000 single cells within 2 d. We applied the technology to profile mixed cell lines, mouse and human brain tissues to reveal cell type heterogeneity. Drop-BS will pave the way for single-cell methylomic studies requiring examination of a large cell population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Sai Ma
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
- Present address: Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Zhengzhi Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Bohan Zhu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Zirui Zhou
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Gaoshan Li
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - J. Javier Meana
- Department of Pharmacology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, CIBERSAM, Biocruces Health Research Institute, E-48940 Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Javier González-Maeso
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Chang Lu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
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8
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Jaster AM, González-Maeso J. Automated Detection of Psychedelic-Induced Head-Twitch Response in Mice. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2687:65-76. [PMID: 37464163 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3307-6_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
Head-twitch response (HTR) allows for the detection and classification of behavior associated with serotonin 2A receptor (5-HT2AR) activation upon psychedelic administration in rodent models. This activation and functional output can be utilized to provide insights into molecular mechanisms associated with psychosis and to identify signaling processes related to existing and novel antipsychotic and psychedelic compounds. Here we describe the use of a magnetic ear tag reporter coupled with automated quantification and biphasic detection to identify HTR in mice treated with the classical psychedelic 1-(2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodophenyl)-2-aminopropane (DOI).
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaina M Jaster
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Javier González-Maeso
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA
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9
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Wolstenholme JT, Saunders JM, Smith M, Kang JD, Hylemon PB, González-Maeso J, Fagan A, Zhao D, Sikaroodi M, Herzog J, Shamsaddini A, Peña-Rodríguez M, Su L, Tai YL, Zheng J, Cheng PC, Sartor RB, Gillevet PM, Zhou H, Bajaj JS. Reduced alcohol preference and intake after fecal transplant in patients with alcohol use disorder is transmissible to germ-free mice. Nat Commun 2022; 13:6198. [PMID: 36261423 PMCID: PMC9581985 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34054-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Alcohol use disorder is a major cause of morbidity, which requires newer treatment approaches. We previously showed in a randomized clinical trial that alcohol craving and consumption reduces after fecal transplantation. Here, to determine if this could be transmitted through microbial transfer, germ-free male C57BL/6 mice received stool or sterile supernatants collected from the trial participants pre-/post-fecal transplant. We found that mice colonized with post-fecal transplant stool but not supernatants reduced ethanol acceptance, intake and preference versus pre-fecal transplant colonized mice. Microbial taxa that were higher in post-fecal transplant humans were also associated with lower murine alcohol intake and preference. A majority of the differentially expressed genes (immune response, inflammation, oxidative stress response, and epithelial cell proliferation) occurred in the intestine rather than the liver and prefrontal cortex. These findings suggest a potential for therapeutically targeting gut microbiota and the microbial-intestinal interface to alter gut-liver-brain axis and reduce alcohol consumption in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer T Wolstenholme
- VCU-Alcohol Research Center and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Justin M Saunders
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Maren Smith
- VCU-Alcohol Research Center and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Jason D Kang
- Microbiology and Immunology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Phillip B Hylemon
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Javier González-Maeso
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Andrew Fagan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Virginia Commonwealth University and Richmond VA Medical Center, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Derrick Zhao
- Microbiology and Immunology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | | | - Jeremy Herzog
- National Gnotobiotic Rodent Research Center, Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | | | - Marcela Peña-Rodríguez
- University Center for Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Lianyong Su
- Microbiology and Immunology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Yun-Ling Tai
- Microbiology and Immunology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Jing Zheng
- Microbiology and Immunology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Po-Cheng Cheng
- Microbiology and Immunology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - R Balfour Sartor
- National Gnotobiotic Rodent Research Center, Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | | | - Huiping Zhou
- Microbiology and Immunology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Jasmohan S Bajaj
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Virginia Commonwealth University and Richmond VA Medical Center, Richmond, VA, USA.
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10
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Jaster AM, Younkin J, Cuddy T, de la Fuente Revenga M, Poklis JL, Dozmorov MG, González-Maeso J. Differences across sexes on head-twitch behavior and 5-HT 2A receptor signaling in C57BL/6J mice. Neurosci Lett 2022; 788:136836. [PMID: 35963476 PMCID: PMC10114867 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2022.136836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Psychedelics, also known as classical hallucinogens, affect processes related to perception, cognition and sensory processing mostly via the serotonin 5-HT2A receptor (5-HT2AR). This class of psychoactive substances, which includes lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), psilocybin, mescaline and the substituted amphetamine 1-(2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodophenyl)-2-aminopropane (DOI), is receiving renewed attention for their potential therapeutic properties as it relates to psychiatric conditions such as depression and substance use disorders. Current studies focused on the potentially clinical effects of psychedelics on human subjects tend to exclude sex as a biological variable. Much of the understanding of psychedelic pharmacology is derived from rodent models, but most of this preclinical research has only focused on male mice. Here we tested the effects of DOI on head-twitch behavior (HTR) - a mouse behavioral proxy of human psychedelic potential - in male and female mice. DOI elicited more HTR in female as compared to male C57BL/6J mice, a sex-specific exacerbated behavior that was not observed in 129S6/SvEv animals. Volinanserin (or M100907) - a 5-HT2AR antagonist - fully prevented DOI-induced HTR in male and female C57BL/6J mice. Accumulation of inositol monophosphate (IP1) in the frontal cortex upon DOI administration showed no sex-related effect in C57BL/6J mice. However, the pharmacokinetic properties of DOI differed among sexes - brain and plasma concentrations of DOI were lower 30 and 60 min after drug administration in female as compared to male C57BL/6J mice. Together, these results suggest strain-dependent and sex-related differences in the behavioral and pharmacokinetic profiles of the 5-HT2AR agonist DOI in C57BL/6J mice, and support the importance of studying sex as a biological variable in preclinical psychedelic research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaina M Jaster
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298, United States; Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298, United States
| | - Jason Younkin
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298, United States; Virginia Institute of Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298, United States
| | - Travis Cuddy
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298, United States
| | - Mario de la Fuente Revenga
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298, United States; Virginia Institute of Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298, United States
| | - Justin L Poklis
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298, United States
| | - Mikhail G Dozmorov
- Department of Biostatistics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298, United States
| | - Javier González-Maeso
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298, United States.
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11
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Saunders JM, Muguruza C, Sierra S, Moreno JL, Callado LF, Meana JJ, Beardsley PM, González-Maeso J. Glucocorticoid receptor dysregulation underlies 5-HT 2AR-dependent synaptic and behavioral deficits in a mouse neurodevelopmental disorder model. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:102481. [PMID: 36100039 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Prenatal environmental insults increase the risk of neurodevelopmental psychiatric conditions in the offspring. Structural modifications of dendritic spines are central to brain development and plasticity. Using maternal immune activation (MIA) as a rodent model of prenatal environmental insult, previous results have reported dendritic structural deficits in the frontal cortex. However, very little is known about the molecular mechanism underlying MIA-induced synaptic structural alterations in the offspring. Using prenatal (E12.5) injection with poly-(I:C) as a mouse MIA model, we show here that upregulation of the serotonin 5-HT2A receptor (5-HT2AR) is at least in part responsible for some of the effects of prenatal insults on frontal cortex dendritic spine structure and sensorimotor gating processes. Mechanistically, we report that this upregulation of frontal cortex 5-HT2AR expression is associated with MIA-induced reduction of nuclear translocation of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and, consequently, a decrease in the enrichment of GR at the 5-HT2AR promoter. The translational significance of these preclinical findings is supported by data in postmortem human brain samples suggesting dysregulation of GR translocation in frontal cortex of schizophrenia subjects. We also found that repeated corticosterone administration augmented frontal cortex 5-HT2AR expression and reduced GR binding to the 5-HT2AR promoter. However, virally (AAV)-mediated augmentation of GR function reduced frontal cortex 5-HT2AR expression and improved sensorimotor gating processes via 5-HT2AR. Together, these data support a negative regulatory relationship between GR signaling and 5-HT2AR expression in the mouse frontal cortex that may carry implications for the pathophysiology underlying 5-HT2AR dysregulation in neurodevelopmental psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin M Saunders
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Carolina Muguruza
- Department of Pharmacology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, CIBERSAM, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, E-48940 Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Salvador Sierra
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - José L Moreno
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Luis F Callado
- Department of Pharmacology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, CIBERSAM, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, E-48940 Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - J Javier Meana
- Department of Pharmacology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, CIBERSAM, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, E-48940 Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Patrick M Beardsley
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298, USA; Center for Biomarker Research and Precision Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Pharmacy, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Javier González-Maeso
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298, USA.
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12
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de la Fuente Revenga M, Jaster AM, McGinn J, Silva G, Saha S, González-Maeso J. Tolerance and Cross-Tolerance among Psychedelic and Nonpsychedelic 5-HT 2A Receptor Agonists in Mice. ACS Chem Neurosci 2022; 13:2436-2448. [PMID: 35900876 PMCID: PMC10411500 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.2c00170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Classical psychedelics represent a subgroup of serotonergic psychoactive substances characterized by their distinct subjective effects on the human psyche. Another unique attribute of this drug class is that such effects become less apparent after repeated exposure within a short time span. The classification of psychedelics as a subgroup within the serotonergic drug family and the tolerance to their effects are replicated by the murine head twitch response (HTR) behavioral paradigm. Here, we aimed to assess tolerance and cross-tolerance to HTR elicited by psychedelic and nonpsychedelic serotonin 2A receptor (5-HT2AR) agonists in mice. We show that repeated (4 days) administration of the psychedelic 1-(2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodophenyl)-2-aminopropane (DOI) induced a progressive decrease in HTR behavior. Tolerance to DOI-induced HTR was also observed 24 h after a single administration of this psychedelic. Pretreatment with the 5-HT2AR antagonist M100907 reduced not only the acute manifestation of DOI-induced HTR, but also the development of tolerance to HTR. Additionally, cross-tolerance became apparent between the psychedelics DOI and lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), whereas repeated administration of the nonpsychedelic 5-HT2AR agonist lisuride did not affect the ability of these two psychedelics to induce HTR. At the molecular level, DOI administration led to down-regulation of 5-HT2AR density in mouse frontal cortex membrane preparations. However, development of tolerance to the effect of DOI on HTR remained unchanged in β-arrestin-2 knockout mice. Together, these data suggest that tolerance to HTR induced by psychedelics involves activation of the 5-HT2AR, is not observable upon repeated administration of nonpsychedelic 5-HT2AR agonists, and occurs via a signaling mechanism independent of β-arrestin-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario de la Fuente Revenga
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
- Virginia Institute of Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
| | - Alaina M Jaster
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
| | - John McGinn
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
| | - Gabriella Silva
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
| | - Somdatta Saha
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
| | - Javier González-Maeso
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
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13
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Jaster AM, Elder H, Marsh SA, de la Fuente Revenga M, Negus SS, González-Maeso J. Effects of the 5-HT 2A receptor antagonist volinanserin on head-twitch response and intracranial self-stimulation depression induced by different structural classes of psychedelics in rodents. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2022; 239:1665-1677. [PMID: 35233648 PMCID: PMC10055857 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-022-06092-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinical studies suggest that psychedelics exert robust therapeutic benefits in a number of psychiatric conditions including substance use disorder. Preclinical studies focused on safety and efficacy of these compounds are necessary to determine the full range of psychedelics' effects. OBJECTIVES The present study explores the behavioral pharmacology of structurally distinct psychedelics in paradigms associated with serotonin 2A receptor (5-HT2AR) activation and behavioral disruption in two rodent models. Utilizing the selective 5-HT2AR antagonist volinanserin, we aimed to provide further pharmacological assessment of psychedelic effects in rodents. METHODS We compared volinanserin (0.0001-0.1 mg/kg) antagonism of the phenethylamine 1-(2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodophenyl)-2-aminopropane (DOI, 1.0 mg/kg) and the ergoline lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD, 0.32 mg/kg) in preclinical assays predictive of hallucinations (head-twitch response or HTR in mice) and behavioral disruption (intracranial self-stimulation or ICSS in rats). Volinanserin antagonism of the phenethylamine mescaline, the tryptamine psilocybin, and the k-opioid receptor agonist salvinorin A was also evaluated in the rat ICSS assay. RESULTS Volinanserin had similar potency, effectiveness, and time-course to attenuate DOI-induced HTR in mice and ICSS depression in rats. Volinanserin completely blocked LSD-induced HTR in mice, but not LSD-induced ICSS depression in rats. Volinanserin also reversed ICSS depression by mescaline, but it was only partially effective to reduce the effects of psilocybin, and it exacerbated ICSS depression by salvinorin A. CONCLUSION Although hallucination-related HTR behavior induced by phenethylamine, ergoline, and tryptamine psychedelics appears to be 5-HT2AR-mediated, the receptor(s) responsible for behavioral disruptive effects may differ among these three structural classes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaina M Jaster
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA.,Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA
| | - Harrison Elder
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA
| | - Samuel A Marsh
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA
| | - Mario de la Fuente Revenga
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA.,Virginia Institute of Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA
| | - S Stevens Negus
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA.
| | - Javier González-Maeso
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA.
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14
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Vohra HZ, Saunders JM, Jaster AM, de la Fuente Revenga M, Jimenez J, Fernández-Teruel A, Wolstenholme JT, Beardsley PM, González-Maeso J. Sex-specific effects of psychedelics on prepulse inhibition of startle in 129S6/SvEv mice. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2022; 239:1649-1664. [PMID: 34345931 PMCID: PMC10103008 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-021-05913-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prepulse inhibition (PPI) of startle is a sensorimotor gating phenomenon perturbed in a variety of neuropsychiatric conditions. Psychedelics disrupt PPI in rats and humans, but their effects and involvement of the serotonin 5-HT2A receptor (5-HT2AR) in mice remain unexplored. METHODS We tested the effect of the psychedelic 1-(2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodophenyl)-2-aminopropane (DOI) (0.5 mg/kg, i.p.) on startle amplitude and %PPI in response to acoustic stimuli under up to four different experimental conditions that included changes in background and stimulus intensity, prepulse and pulse duration, and interstimulus interval in male and female 129S6/SvEv mice. We also evaluated the effect of the 5-HT2AR antagonist M100,907 (1 mg/kg, i.p.) on DOI-induced startle amplitude and %PPI, as well as the effect of the psychedelic LSD (0.24 mg/kg, i.p.) and the dopamine agonists apomorphine (5 mg/kg, s.c.) and SKF-82,958 (0.5 mg/kg, i.p.) in male 129S6/SvEv mice. RESULTS DOI altered startle amplitude with either pulse alone or prepulse + pulse presentations in all PPI conditions, and increased %PPI in three out of four PPI conditions in male mice - an effect that was prevented by M100,907. In female mice, DOI increased %PPI without affecting startle amplitude. %PPI was positively correlated with startle amplitude in males while being negatively correlated in female mice. In male mice, LSD also increased %PPI, although it did not affect startle amplitude, whereas apomorphine and SKF-82,958 induced decreases in %PPI. CONCLUSION Our findings highlight a distinct effect of the psychedelic DOI on PPI in 129S6/SvEv mice, suggesting 5-HT2AR-dependent PPI improvement in a paradigm-dependent and sex-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiba Z Vohra
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA
| | - Justin M Saunders
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA
| | - Alaina M Jaster
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA
| | - Mario de la Fuente Revenga
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA.,Virginia Institute of Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA
| | - Jennifer Jimenez
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA
| | - Alberto Fernández-Teruel
- Medical Psychology Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Forensic Medicine, Institute of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, E-08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jennifer T Wolstenholme
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA.,VCU Alcohol Research Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA
| | - Patrick M Beardsley
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA.,Center for Biomarker Research and Precision Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA
| | - Javier González-Maeso
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA.
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15
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Ferré S, Ciruela F, Dessauer CW, González-Maeso J, Hébert TE, Jockers R, Logothetis DE, Pardo L. G protein-coupled receptor-effector macromolecular membrane assemblies (GEMMAs). Pharmacol Ther 2022; 231:107977. [PMID: 34480967 PMCID: PMC9375844 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2021.107977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are the largest group of receptors involved in cellular signaling across the plasma membrane and a major class of drug targets. The canonical model for GPCR signaling involves three components - the GPCR, a heterotrimeric G protein and a proximal plasma membrane effector - that have been generally thought to be freely mobile molecules able to interact by 'collision coupling'. Here, we synthesize evidence that supports the existence of GPCR-effector macromolecular membrane assemblies (GEMMAs) comprised of specific GPCRs, G proteins, plasma membrane effector molecules and other associated transmembrane proteins that are pre-assembled prior to receptor activation by agonists, which then leads to subsequent rearrangement of the GEMMA components. The GEMMA concept offers an alternative and complementary model to the canonical collision-coupling model, allowing more efficient interactions between specific signaling components, as well as the integration of the concept of GPCR oligomerization as well as GPCR interactions with orphan receptors, truncated GPCRs and other membrane-localized GPCR-associated proteins. Collision-coupling and pre-assembled mechanisms are not exclusive and likely both operate in the cell, providing a spectrum of signaling modalities which explains the differential properties of a multitude of GPCRs in their different cellular environments. Here, we explore the unique pharmacological characteristics of individual GEMMAs, which could provide new opportunities to therapeutically modulate GPCR signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergi Ferré
- Integrative Neurobiology Section, National Institute on Drug Addiction, Intramural Research Program, NIH, DHHS, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Francisco Ciruela
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institute of Neurosciences, IDIBELL, University of Barcelona, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Carmen W. Dessauer
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Javier González-Maeso
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Terence E. Hébert
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec
| | - Ralf Jockers
- University of Paris, Institute Cochin, INSERM, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Diomedes E. Logothetis
- Laboratory of Electrophysiology, Departments of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chemistry and Chemical Biology and Center for Drug Discovery, School of Pharmacy at the Bouvé College of Health Sciences and College of Science, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Leonardo Pardo
- Laboratory of Computational Medicine, Biostatistics Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
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16
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Sierra S, Muchhala KH, Jessup DK, Contreras KM, Shah UH, Stevens DL, Jimenez J, Cuno Lavilla XK, de la Fuente Revenga M, Lippold KM, Shen S, Poklis JL, Qiao LY, Dewey WL, Akbarali HI, Damaj MI, González-Maeso J. Sex-specific role for serotonin 5-HT 2A receptor in modulation of opioid-induced antinociception and reward in mice. Neuropharmacology 2022; 209:108988. [PMID: 35183539 PMCID: PMC8934299 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2022.108988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Opioids are among the most effective analgesics and the mainstay of pain management. However, concerns about safety and abuse liability have challenged their widespread use by the medical community. Opioid-sparing therapies include drugs that in combination with opioids have the ability to enhance analgesia while decreasing opioid requirement as well as their side effects. Sex differences in antinociceptive responses to opioids have received increasing attention in recent years. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying sex differences related to opioid-sparing adjuncts remain largely unexplored. Using warm water tail-withdrawal as a mouse model of acute thermal nociception, our data suggest that adjunctive administration of the serotonin 5-HT2A receptor (5-HT2AR) antagonist volinanserin dose-dependently enhanced potency of the opioid analgesic oxycodone in male, but not female, mice. This antinociceptive-like response induced by oxycodone was also augmented in 5-HT2AR knockout (5-HT2AR-/-) male, but not female mice; an effect that was reversed by Cre-loxP-mediated selective expression of 5-HT2AR in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons of 5-HT2AR-/- littermates. Pharmacological inhibition with volinanserin or genetic deletion in 5-HT2AR-/- animals potentiated the ability of oxycodone to reduce DRG excitability in male mice. Adjunctive volinanserin did not affect oxycodone-induced conditioned place preference (CPP), whereas it reduced oxycodone-induced locomotor sensitization in male and female mice. Together, these results suggest that adjunctive volinanserin augments opioid-induced antinociception, but not abuse-related behavior, through a sex-specific signaling crosstalk mechanism that requires 5-HT2AR expression in mouse DRG neurons. Ultimately, our results may pave the way for the clinical evaluation of volinanserin as a potential sex-specific opioid adjuvant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvador Sierra
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA
| | - Karan H Muchhala
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA
| | - Donald K Jessup
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA
| | - Katherine M Contreras
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA
| | - Urjita H Shah
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA
| | - David L Stevens
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA
| | - Jennifer Jimenez
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA
| | - Xiomara K Cuno Lavilla
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA
| | - Mario de la Fuente Revenga
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA; Virginia Institute of Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA
| | - Kumiko M Lippold
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA
| | - Shanwei Shen
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA
| | - Justin L Poklis
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA
| | - Liya Y Qiao
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA
| | - William L Dewey
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA
| | - Hamid I Akbarali
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA
| | - M Imad Damaj
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA
| | - Javier González-Maeso
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA.
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17
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Jaster AM, de la Fuente Revenga M, González-Maeso J. Molecular targets of psychedelic-induced plasticity. J Neurochem 2021; 162:80-88. [PMID: 34741320 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Psychedelic research across different disciplines and biological levels is growing at a remarkably fast pace. In the prospect of a psychedelic drug becoming again an approved treatment, much of these efforts have been oriented toward exploring the relationship between the actual psychedelic effects and those manifestations of therapeutic interest. Considering the central role of the serotonin 5-HT2A receptor in the distinct effects of psychedelics in human psyche, neuropharmacology sits at the center of this debate and exploratory continuum. Here we discuss some of the most recent findings in human studies and contextualize them considering previous preclinical models studying phenomena related to synaptic plasticity. A special emphasis is placed on knowledge gaps, challenges, and limitations to evaluate the underpinnings of psychedelics' potential antidepressant action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaina M Jaster
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA.,Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Mario de la Fuente Revenga
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA.,Virginia Institute of Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Javier González-Maeso
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA
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18
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de la Fuente Revenga M, Zhu B, Guevara CA, Naler LB, Saunders JM, Zhou Z, Toneatti R, Sierra S, Wolstenholme JT, Beardsley PM, Huntley GW, Lu C, González-Maeso J. Prolonged epigenomic and synaptic plasticity alterations following single exposure to a psychedelic in mice. Cell Rep 2021; 37:109836. [PMID: 34686347 PMCID: PMC8582597 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinical evidence suggests that rapid and sustained antidepressant action can be attained with a single exposure to psychedelics. However, the biological substrates and key mediators of psychedelics' enduring action remain unknown. Here, we show that a single administration of the psychedelic DOI produces fast-acting effects on frontal cortex dendritic spine structure and acceleration of fear extinction via the 5-HT2A receptor. Additionally, a single dose of DOI leads to changes in chromatin organization, particularly at enhancer regions of genes involved in synaptic assembly that stretch for days after the psychedelic exposure. These DOI-induced alterations in the neuronal epigenome overlap with genetic loci associated with schizophrenia, depression, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Together, these data support that epigenomic-driven changes in synaptic plasticity sustain psychedelics' long-lasting antidepressant action but also warn about potential substrate overlap with genetic risks for certain psychiatric conditions.
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MESH Headings
- Amphetamines/pharmacology
- Animals
- Behavior, Animal/drug effects
- Dendritic Spines/drug effects
- Dendritic Spines/metabolism
- Epigenesis, Genetic/drug effects
- Epigenome/drug effects
- Epigenomics
- Extinction, Psychological/drug effects
- Fear/drug effects
- Frontal Lobe/drug effects
- Frontal Lobe/metabolism
- Hallucinogens/pharmacology
- Male
- Mice, 129 Strain
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Neuronal Plasticity/drug effects
- Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2A/drug effects
- Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2A/genetics
- Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2A/metabolism
- Serotonin 5-HT2 Receptor Agonists/pharmacology
- Synapses/drug effects
- Synapses/metabolism
- Time Factors
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario de la Fuente Revenga
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298, USA; Virginia Institute of Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Bohan Zhu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Christopher A Guevara
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Lynette B Naler
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Justin M Saunders
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Zirui Zhou
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Rudy Toneatti
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Salvador Sierra
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Jennifer T Wolstenholme
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Patrick M Beardsley
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298, USA; Center for Biomarker Research and Precision Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - George W Huntley
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Chang Lu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.
| | - Javier González-Maeso
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298, USA.
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19
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Fernández-Teruel A, Oliveras I, Cañete T, Rio-Álamos C, Tapias-Espinosa C, Sampedro-Viana D, Sánchez-González A, Sanna F, Torrubia R, González-Maeso J, Driscoll P, Morón I, Torres C, Aznar S, Tobeña A, Corda MG, Giorgi O. Neurobehavioral and neurodevelopmental profiles of a heuristic genetic model of differential schizophrenia- and addiction-relevant features: The RHA vs. RLA rats. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021; 131:597-617. [PMID: 34571119 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.09.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The Roman High- (RHA) and Low-(RLA) avoidance rat lines/strains were generated through bidirectional selective breeding for rapid (RHA) vs. extremely poor (RLA) two-way active avoidance acquisition. Compared with RLAs and other rat strains/stocks, RHAs are characterized by increased impulsivity, deficits in social behavior, novelty-induced hyper-locomotion, impaired attentional/cognitive abilities, vulnerability to psychostimulant sensitization and drug addiction. RHA rats also exhibit decreased function of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and hippocampus, increased functional activity of the mesolimbic dopamine system and a dramatic deficit of central metabotropic glutamate-2 (mGlu2) receptors (due to a stop codon mutation at cysteine 407 in Grm2 -cys407*-), along with increased density of 5-HT2A receptors in the PFC, alterations of several synaptic markers and increased density of pyramidal "thin" (immature) dendrític spines in the PFC. These characteristics suggest an immature brain of RHA rats, and are reminiscent of schizophrenia features like hypofrontality and disruption of the excitation/inhibition cortical balance. RHA rats represent a promising heuristic model of neurodevelopmental schizophrenia-relevant features and comorbidity with drug addiction vulnerability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Fernández-Teruel
- Medical Psychology Unit, Department of Psychiatry & Forensic Medicine, Institute of Neurosciences, Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Ignasi Oliveras
- Medical Psychology Unit, Department of Psychiatry & Forensic Medicine, Institute of Neurosciences, Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Toni Cañete
- Medical Psychology Unit, Department of Psychiatry & Forensic Medicine, Institute of Neurosciences, Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Carles Tapias-Espinosa
- Medical Psychology Unit, Department of Psychiatry & Forensic Medicine, Institute of Neurosciences, Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Daniel Sampedro-Viana
- Medical Psychology Unit, Department of Psychiatry & Forensic Medicine, Institute of Neurosciences, Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana Sánchez-González
- Medical Psychology Unit, Department of Psychiatry & Forensic Medicine, Institute of Neurosciences, Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesco Sanna
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences (DiSVA), University of Cagliari, Italy
| | - Rafael Torrubia
- Medical Psychology Unit, Department of Psychiatry & Forensic Medicine, Institute of Neurosciences, Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Javier González-Maeso
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA
| | | | - Ignacio Morón
- Department of Psychobiology and Centre of Investigation of Mind, Brain, and Behaviour (CIMCYC), University of Granada, Spain
| | - Carmen Torres
- Department of Psychology, University of Jaén, 23071, Jaén, Spain.
| | - Susana Aznar
- Research Laboratory for Stereology and Neuroscience, Bispebjerg Copenhagen University Hospital, 2400, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Adolf Tobeña
- Medical Psychology Unit, Department of Psychiatry & Forensic Medicine, Institute of Neurosciences, Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Maria G Corda
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences (DiSVA), University of Cagliari, Italy.
| | - Osvaldo Giorgi
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences (DiSVA), University of Cagliari, Italy.
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20
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de la Fuente Revenga M, Shah UH, Nassehi N, Jaster AM, Hemanth P, Sierra S, Dukat M, González-Maeso J. Psychedelic-like Properties of Quipazine and Its Structural Analogues in Mice. ACS Chem Neurosci 2021; 12:831-844. [PMID: 33400504 PMCID: PMC7933111 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.0c00291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Known classic psychedelic serotonin 2A receptor (5-HT2AR) agonists retain a tryptamine or phenethylamine at their structural core. However, activation of the 5-HT2AR can be elicited by drugs lacking these fundamental scaffolds. Such is the case of the N-substituted piperazine quipazine. Here, we show that quipazine bound to and activated 5-HT2AR as measured by [3H]ketanserin binding displacement, Ca2+ mobilization, and accumulation of the canonical Gq/11 signaling pathway mediator inositol monophosphate (IP1) in vitro and in vivo. Additionally, quipazine induced via 5-HT2AR an expression pattern of immediate early genes (IEG) in the mouse somatosensory cortex consistent with that of classic psychedelics. In the mouse head-twitch response (HTR) model of psychedelic-like action, quipazine produced a lasting effect with high maximal responses during the peak effect that were successfully blocked by the 5-HT2AR antagonist M100907 and absent in 5-HT2AR knockout (KO) mice. The acute effect of quipazine on HTR appeared to be unaffected by serotonin depletion and was independent from 5-HT3R activation. Interestingly, some of these features were shared by its deaza bioisostere 2-NP, but not by other closely related piperazine congeners, suggesting that quipazine might represent a distinct cluster within the family of psychoactive piperazines. Together, our results add to the mounting evidence that quipazine's profile matches that of classic psychedelic 5-HT2AR agonists at cellular signaling and behavioral pharmacology levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario de la Fuente Revenga
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
- Virginia Institute of Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23219, United States
| | - Urjita H Shah
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
| | - Nima Nassehi
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
| | - Alaina M Jaster
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
| | - Prithvi Hemanth
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Pharmacy, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
| | - Salvador Sierra
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
| | - Malgorzata Dukat
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Pharmacy, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
| | - Javier González-Maeso
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
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21
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Martín-Guerrero SM, Alonso P, Iglesias A, Cimadevila M, Brea J, Loza MI, Casado P, Martín-Oliva D, Cutillas PR, González-Maeso J, López-Giménez JF. His452Tyr polymorphism in the human 5-HT 2A receptor affects clozapine-induced signaling networks revealed by quantitative phosphoproteomics. Biochem Pharmacol 2021; 185:114440. [PMID: 33539816 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2021.114440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Antipsychotic drugs remain the current standard for schizophrenia treatment. Although they directly recognize the orthosteric binding site of numerous monoaminergic G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), these drugs, and particularly second-generation antipsychotics such as clozapine, all have in common a very high affinity for the serotonin 5-HT2A receptor (5-HT2AR). Using classical pharmacology and targeted signaling pathway assays, previous findings suggest that clozapine and other atypical antipsychotics behave principally as 5-HT2AR neutral antagonists and/or inverse agonists. However, more recent findings showed that antipsychotics may also behave as pathway-specific agonists. Reversible phosphorylation is a common element in multiple signaling networks. Combining a quantitative phosphoproteomic method with signaling network analysis, we tested the effect of clozapine treatment on the overall level of protein phosphorylation and signal transduction cascades in vitro in mammalian cell lines induced to express either the human 5-HT2AR or the H452Y variant of the gene encoding the 5-HT2AR receptor. This naturally occurring variation within the 5-HT2AR gene was selected because it has been repeatedly associated with schizophrenia patients who do not respond to clozapine treatment. Our data show that short time exposure (5 or 10 min) to clozapine (10-5 M) led to phosphorylation of numerous signaling components of pathways involved in processes such as endocytosis, ErbB signaling, insulin signaling or estrogen signaling. Cells induced to express the H452Y variant showed a different basal phosphoproteome, with increases in the phosphorylation of mTOR signaling components as a translationally relevant example. However, the effect of clozapine on the functional landscape of the phosphoproteome was significantly reduced in cells expressing the 5-HT2AR-H452Y construct. Together, these findings suggest that clozapine behaves as an agonist inducing phosphorylation of numerous pathways downstream of the 5-HT2AR, and that the single nucleotide polymorphism encoding 5-HT2AR-H452Y affects these clozapine-induced phosphorylation-dependent signaling networks.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paula Alonso
- Biofarma Research Group, Depto Farmacoloxía, Farmacia e Tecnoloxía Farmacéutica, Facultad de Farmacia, Centro de investigación CIMUS, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela. Spain
| | - Alba Iglesias
- Biofarma Research Group, Depto Farmacoloxía, Farmacia e Tecnoloxía Farmacéutica, Facultad de Farmacia, Centro de investigación CIMUS, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela. Spain
| | - Marta Cimadevila
- Biofarma Research Group, Depto Farmacoloxía, Farmacia e Tecnoloxía Farmacéutica, Facultad de Farmacia, Centro de investigación CIMUS, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela. Spain
| | - José Brea
- Biofarma Research Group, Depto Farmacoloxía, Farmacia e Tecnoloxía Farmacéutica, Facultad de Farmacia, Centro de investigación CIMUS, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela. Spain
| | - M Isabel Loza
- Biofarma Research Group, Depto Farmacoloxía, Farmacia e Tecnoloxía Farmacéutica, Facultad de Farmacia, Centro de investigación CIMUS, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela. Spain
| | - Pedro Casado
- Centre for Haemato-Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - David Martín-Oliva
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, Granada. Spain
| | - Pedro R Cutillas
- Centre for Haemato-Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Javier González-Maeso
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298, USA.
| | - Juan F López-Giménez
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298, USA; Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina "López-Neyra", CSIC, E-18016 Granada, Spain.
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22
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Toneatti R, Shin JM, Shah UH, Mayer CR, Saunders JM, Fribourg M, Arsenovic PT, Janssen WG, Sealfon SC, López-Giménez JF, Benson DL, Conway DE, González-Maeso J. Interclass GPCR heteromerization affects localization and trafficking. Sci Signal 2020; 13:13/654/eaaw3122. [PMID: 33082287 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aaw3122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Membrane trafficking processes regulate G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) activity. Although class A GPCRs are capable of activating G proteins in a monomeric form, they can also potentially assemble into functional GPCR heteromers. Here, we showed that the class A serotonin 5-HT2A receptors (5-HT2ARs) affected the localization and trafficking of class C metabotropic glutamate receptor 2 (mGluR2) through a mechanism that required their assembly as heteromers in mammalian cells. In the absence of agonists, 5-HT2AR was primarily localized within intracellular compartments, and coexpression of 5-HT2AR with mGluR2 increased the intracellular distribution of the otherwise plasma membrane-localized mGluR2. Agonists for either 5-HT2AR or mGluR2 differentially affected trafficking through Rab5-positive endosomes in cells expressing each component of the 5-HT2AR-mGluR2 heterocomplex alone, or together. In addition, overnight pharmacological 5-HT2AR blockade with clozapine, but not with M100907, decreased mGluR2 density through a mechanism that involved heteromerization between 5-HT2AR and mGluR2. Using TAT-tagged peptides and chimeric constructs that are unable to form the interclass 5-HT2AR-mGluR2 complex, we demonstrated that heteromerization was necessary for the 5-HT2AR-dependent effects on mGluR2 subcellular distribution. The expression of 5-HT2AR also augmented intracellular localization of mGluR2 in mouse frontal cortex pyramidal neurons. Together, our data suggest that GPCR heteromerization may itself represent a mechanism of receptor trafficking and sorting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rudy Toneatti
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Jong M Shin
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Urjita H Shah
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Carl R Mayer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23220, USA
| | - Justin M Saunders
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Miguel Fribourg
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.,Translational Transplant Research Center, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Paul T Arsenovic
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23220, USA
| | - William G Janssen
- Department Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Stuart C Sealfon
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Juan F López-Giménez
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA.,Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina "López-Neyra", CSIC, E-18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Deanna L Benson
- Department Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Daniel E Conway
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23220, USA
| | - Javier González-Maeso
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA.
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23
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Shah UH, Toneatti R, Gaitonde SA, Shin JM, González-Maeso J. Site-Specific Incorporation of Genetically Encoded Photo-Crosslinkers Locates the Heteromeric Interface of a GPCR Complex in Living Cells. Cell Chem Biol 2020; 27:1308-1317.e4. [PMID: 32726588 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2020.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are critical mediators of cell signaling. Although capable of activating G proteins in a monomeric form, numerous studies reveal a possible association of class A GPCRs into dimers/oligomers. The relative location of individual protomers within these GPCR complexes remains a topic of intense debate. We previously reported that class A serotonin 5-HT2A receptor (5-HT2AR) and class C metabotropic glutamate 2 receptor (mGluR2) are able to form a GPCR heterocomplex. By introducing the photoactivatable unnatural amino acid p-azido-L-phenylalanine (azF) at selected individual positions along the transmembrane (TM) segments of mGluR2, we delineate the residues that physically interact at the heteromeric interface of the 5-HT2AR-mGluR2 complex. We show that 5-HT2AR crosslinked with azF incorporated at the intracellular end of mGluR2's TM4, while no crosslinking was observed at other positions along TM1 and TM4. Together, these findings provide important insights into the structural arrangement of the 5-HT2AR-mGluR2 complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urjita H Shah
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Rudy Toneatti
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Supriya A Gaitonde
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Jong M Shin
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Javier González-Maeso
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298, USA.
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24
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Saunders JM, Moreno JL, Ibi D, Sikaroodi M, Kang DJ, Muñoz-Moreno R, Dalmet SS, García-Sastre A, Gillevet PM, Dozmorov MG, Bajaj JS, González-Maeso J. Gut microbiota manipulation during the prepubertal period shapes behavioral abnormalities in a mouse neurodevelopmental disorder model. Sci Rep 2020; 10:4697. [PMID: 32170216 PMCID: PMC7070045 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-61635-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies demonstrate an association between activation of the maternal immune system during pregnancy and increased risk of neurodevelopmental psychiatric conditions, such as schizophrenia and autism, in the offspring. Relatively recent findings also suggest that the gut microbiota plays an important role in shaping brain development and behavior. Here we show that maternal immune activation (MIA) accomplished by infection with a mouse-adapted influenza virus during pregnancy induced up-regulation of frontal cortex serotonin 5-HT2A receptor (5-HT2AR) density in the adult offspring, a phenotype previously observed in postmortem frontal cortex of schizophrenic subjects. 5-HT2AR agonist-induced head-twitch behavior was also augmented in this preclinical mouse model. Using the novel object recognition (NOR) test to evaluate cognitive performance, we demonstrate that MIA induced NOR deficits in adult offspring. Oral antibiotic treatment of prepubertal mice prevented this cognitive impairment, but not increased frontal cortex 5-HT2AR density or psychedelic-induced head-twitch behavior in adult MIA offspring. Additionally, gut microbiota transplantation from MIA mice produced behavioral deficits in antibiotic-treated mock mice. Adult MIA offspring displayed altered gut microbiota, and relative abundance of specific components of the gut microbiota, including Ruminococcaceae, correlated with frontal cortex 5-HT2AR density. Together, these findings provide a better understanding of basic mechanisms by which prenatal insults impact offspring brain function, and suggest gut-brain axis manipulation as a potential therapeutic approach for neurodevelopmental psychiatric conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin M Saunders
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA
| | - José L Moreno
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA.,VIVEbiotech S.L., E-20009, Donostia/San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Daisuke Ibi
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA.,Department of Chemical Pharmacology, Meijo University, Nagoya, 468-8503, Japan
| | - Masoumeh Sikaroodi
- Center for Microbiome Analysis, George Mason University, Manassas, VA, 20110, USA
| | - Dae Joong Kang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Virginia Commonwealth University and McGuire VA Medical Center, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA
| | - Raquel Muñoz-Moreno
- Department of Microbiology and Global Health & Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Swati S Dalmet
- Center for Microbiome Analysis, George Mason University, Manassas, VA, 20110, USA
| | - Adolfo García-Sastre
- Department of Microbiology and Global Health & Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,Department of Medicine - Division of Infectious Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Patrick M Gillevet
- Center for Microbiome Analysis, George Mason University, Manassas, VA, 20110, USA
| | - Mikhail G Dozmorov
- Department of Biostatistics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA
| | - Jasmohan S Bajaj
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Virginia Commonwealth University and McGuire VA Medical Center, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA
| | - Javier González-Maeso
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA.
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25
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Sierra S, Lippold KM, Stevens DL, Poklis JL, Dewey WL, González-Maeso J. Adjunctive effect of the serotonin 5-HT 2C receptor agonist lorcaserin on opioid-induced antinociception in mice. Neuropharmacology 2020; 167:107949. [PMID: 31987863 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2020.107949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Opioid-sparing adjuncts are treatments that aim to reduce the overall dose of opioids needed to achieve analgesia, hence decreasing the burden of side effects through alternative mechanisms of action. Lorcaserin is a serotonin 5-HT2C receptor (5-HT2CR) agonist that has recently been reported to reduce abuse-related effects of the opioid analgesic oxycodone. The goal of our studies was to evaluate the effects of adjunctive lorcaserin on opioid-induced analgesic-like behavior using the tail-flick reflex (TFR) test as a mouse model of acute thermal nociception. We show that whereas subcutaneous (s.c.) administration of lorcaserin alone was inactive on the TFR test, adjunctive lorcaserin (s.c.) significantly increased the potency of oxycodone as an antinociceptive drug. This effect was prevented by the 5-HT2CR antagonist SB242084. A similar lorcaserin (s.c.)-induced adjunctive phenotype was observed upon administration of the opioid analgesics morphine and fentanyl. Remarkably, we also show that, opposite to the effects observed via s.c. administration, intrathecal (i.t.) administration of lorcaserin alone induced antinociceptive TFR behavior, an effect that was not prevented by the opioid receptor antagonist naloxone. This route of administration (i.t.) also led to a significant augmentation of oxycodone-induced antinociception. Lorcaserin (s.c.) did not alter the brain or blood concentrations of oxycodone, which suggests that its adjunctive effects on opioid-induced antinociception do not depend upon changes in opioid metabolism. Together, these data indicate that lorcaserin-mediated activation of the 5-HT2CR may represent a new pharmacological approach to augment opioid-induced antinociception. This article is part of the special issue entitled 'Serotonin Research: Crossing Scales and Boundaries'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvador Sierra
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA
| | - Kumiko M Lippold
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA
| | - David L Stevens
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA
| | - Justin L Poklis
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA
| | - William L Dewey
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA
| | - Javier González-Maeso
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA.
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26
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de la Fuente Revenga M, Vohra HZ, González-Maeso J. Automated quantification of head-twitch response in mice via ear tag reporter coupled with biphasic detection. J Neurosci Methods 2020; 334:108595. [PMID: 31954738 PMCID: PMC7363508 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2020.108595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Head-twitch response (HTR) is a manifestation of the serotonergic system behavioral pharmacology commonly used as a proxy of psychedelic drug action in rodents. NEW METHOD We developed a minimally invasive magnetic ear tag reporter and designed a detection system that performs a comprehensive characterization of each potential HTR event on an electromagnetic readout. RESULTS Magnetic ear tags were easy to install and generally well tolerated by the animals. On the low-threshold first phase of detection, the tags' signal recorded in a magnetometer was filtered and screened for potential HTR events. On the second phase, the detector performed a comprehensive spectral analysis evaluation of each event and identified the HTR characteristic distribution of power density. Our system delivered satisfactory performance in the identification of pharmacologically-induced HTR and discrimination power against common non-HTR behaviors. COMPARISON WITH EXISTING METHODS Our system offers a high-throughput solution for studying HTR in mice employing minimally invasive procedures and superior standalone discriminative power compared to our previously reported fully-automated approach. CONCLUSIONS High-throughput identification of HTR utilizing magnetic ear-tagging and biphasic detection delivers satisfactory detection and discrimination power employing less invasive procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario de la Fuente Revenga
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA
| | - Hiba Z Vohra
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA
| | - Javier González-Maeso
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA.
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27
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García-Bea A, Miranda-Azpiazu P, Muguruza C, Marmolejo-Martinez-Artesero S, Diez-Alarcia R, Gabilondo AM, Callado LF, Morentin B, González-Maeso J, Meana JJ. Serotonin 5-HT 2A receptor expression and functionality in postmortem frontal cortex of subjects with schizophrenia: Selective biased agonism via G αi1-proteins. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2019; 29:1453-1463. [PMID: 31734018 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2019.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Serotonin 5-HT2A receptors (5-HT2ARs) have been implicated in schizophrenia. However, postmortem studies on 5-HT2ARs expression and functionality in schizophrenia are scarce. The 5-HT2AR mRNA and immunoreactive protein expression were evaluated in postmortem tissue from dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) of antipsychotic-free (n = 18) and antipsychotic-treated (n = 9) subjects with schizophrenia, and matched controls (n = 27). Functional coupling of 5-HT2AR to G-proteins was tested by measuring the activation induced by the agonist (±)-2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodoamphetamine hydrochloride ((±)DOI) in antibody-capture [35S]GTPγS scintillation proximity assays (SPA). In antipsychotic-free schizophrenia subjects, 5-HT2AR mRNA expression and protein immunoreactivity in total homogenates was similar to controls. In contrast, in antipsychotic-treated schizophrenia subjects, lower mRNA expression (60±9% vs controls) and a trend to reduced protein immunoreactivity (86±5% vs antipsychotic-free subjects) just in membrane-enriched fractions was observed. [35S]GTPγS SPA revealed a significant ~6% higher stimulation of Gαi1-protein by (±)DOI in schizophrenia, whereas activation of the canonical Gαq/11-protein pathway by (±)DOI remained unchanged. Expression of Gαi1- and Gαq/11-proteins did not differ between groups. Accordingly, in rats chronically treated with clozapine, but not with haloperidol, a 30-40% reduction was observed in 5-HT2AR mRNA expression, 5-HT2AR protein immunoreactivity and [3H]ketanserin binding in brain cortical membranes. Overall, the data suggest a supersensitive 5-HT2AR signaling through inhibitory Gαi1-proteins in schizophrenia. Together with previous results, a dysfunctional pro-hallucinogenic agonist-sensitive 5-HT2AR conformation in postmortem DLPFC of subjects with schizophrenia is proposed. Atypical antipsychotic treatment would contribute to counterbalance this 5-HT2AR supersensitivity by reducing receptor expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aintzane García-Bea
- Department of Pharmacology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 48940 Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM, Spain
| | - Patricia Miranda-Azpiazu
- Department of Pharmacology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 48940 Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM, Spain
| | - Carolina Muguruza
- Department of Pharmacology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 48940 Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM, Spain
| | | | - Rebeca Diez-Alarcia
- Department of Pharmacology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 48940 Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM, Spain; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Spain
| | - Ane M Gabilondo
- Department of Pharmacology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 48940 Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM, Spain; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Spain
| | - Luis F Callado
- Department of Pharmacology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 48940 Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM, Spain; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Spain
| | - Benito Morentin
- Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Spain; Basque Institute of Legal Medicine, Spain
| | - Javier González-Maeso
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, VA, USA
| | - J Javier Meana
- Department of Pharmacology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 48940 Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM, Spain; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Spain.
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Østerbøg TB, On DM, Oliveras I, Río-Álamos C, Sanchez-Gonzalez A, Tapias-Espinosa C, Tobeña A, González-Maeso J, Fernández-Teruel A, Aznar S. Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor 2 and Dopamine Receptor 2 Gene Expression Predict Sensorimotor Gating Response in the Genetically Heterogeneous NIH-HS Rat Strain. Mol Neurobiol 2019; 57:1516-1528. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-019-01829-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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de la Fuente Revenga M, Shin JM, Vohra HZ, Hideshima KS, Schneck M, Poklis JL, González-Maeso J. Fully automated head-twitch detection system for the study of 5-HT 2A receptor pharmacology in vivo. Sci Rep 2019; 9:14247. [PMID: 31582824 PMCID: PMC6776537 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-49913-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Head-twitch behavior (HTR) is the behavioral signature of psychedelic drugs upon stimulation of the serotonin 5-HT2A receptor (5-HT2AR) in rodents. Following the previous report of a semi-automated detection of HTR based on the dynamics of mouse's head movement, here we present a system for the identification of individual HTR events in a fully automated fashion. The validity of this fully automated HTR detection system was tested with the psychedelic drug DOI in 5-HT2AR-KO mice, and via evaluation of potential sources of false-positive and false-negative HTR events. The increased throughput in data processing achieved via automation afforded the possibility of conducting otherwise time consuming HTR time-course studies. To further assess the versatility of our system, we also explored the pharmacological interactions between 5-HT2AR and the metabotropic glutamate receptor 2 (mGluR2). Our data demonstrate the potentiation effect of the mGluR2/3 antagonist LY341495 on DOI-induced HTR, as well as the HTR-blocking effect of the mGluR2/3 agonist and antipsychotic drug in development LY404039. This fully automated system can contribute to speed up our understanding of 5-HT2AR's pharmacology and its characteristic behavioral outputs in rodents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario de la Fuente Revenga
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA
| | - Jong M Shin
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA
| | - Hiba Z Vohra
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA
| | - Kelsey S Hideshima
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA
| | - Matthew Schneck
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23220, USA
| | - Justin L Poklis
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA
| | - Javier González-Maeso
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA.
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Saunders JM, González-Maeso J, Bajaj JS. The Toll of Hyperammonemia on the Brain. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2019; 8:649-650. [PMID: 31536718 PMCID: PMC6889707 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2019.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jasmohan S Bajaj
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Virginia Commonwealth University and McGuire VA Medical Center, Richmond, Virginia.
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Abstract
The serotonergic and glutamatergic neurotransmitter systems have both been implicated in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia, and there are multiple lines of evidence to demonstrate that they can interact in a functionally relevant manner. Particularly, it has been demonstrated that serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine) 2A (5-HT2A) receptors and metabotropic glutamate type 2 (mGlu2) receptors can assemble into a functional heteromeric complex and modulate each other's function. This heteromeric complex has been implicated in the mechanism of action of hallucinogens as well as antipsychotic agents, and its role has been demonstrated in both in vitro and in vivo systems. Additionally, the difference in the changes in Gi/o and Gq/11 protein activity when a ligand binds to the heteromeric complex can be used as an index to predict the pro- or antipsychotic properties of an agent. Signaling via the heteromer is dysregulated in postmortem human brain samples of schizophrenia subjects, which may be linked to altered cortical functions. Alternative routes for the functional crosstalk between mGlu2 and 5-HT2A receptors include synaptic and epigenetic mechanisms. This Review highlights the advances made over the past few years in elucidating the structural and functional mechanisms underlying crosstalk between 5-HT2A and mGlu2 receptors in preclinical models of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urjita H. Shah
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
| | - Javier González-Maeso
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
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Shah UH, Gaitonde SA, Moreno JL, Glennon RA, Dukat M, González-Maeso J. Revised Pharmacophore Model for 5-HT 2A Receptor Antagonists Derived from the Atypical Antipsychotic Agent Risperidone. ACS Chem Neurosci 2019; 10:2318-2331. [PMID: 30609893 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.8b00637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Pharmacophore models for 5-HT2A receptor antagonists consist of two aromatic/hydrophobic regions at a given distance from a basic amine. We have previously shown that both aromatic/hydrophobic moieties are unnecessary for binding or antagonist action. Here, we deconstructed the 5-HT2A receptor antagonist/serotonin-dopamine antipsychotic agent risperidone into smaller structural segments that were tested for 5-HT2A receptor affinity and function. We show, again, that the entire risperidone structure is unnecessary for retention of affinity or antagonist action. Replacement of the 6-fluoro-3-(4-piperidinyl)-1,2-benz[ d]isoxazole moiety by isosteric tryptamines resulted in retention of affinity and antagonist action. Additionally, 3-(4-piperidinyl)-1,2-benz[ d]isoxazole (10), which represents less than half the structural features of risperidone, retains both affinity and antagonist actions. 5-HT2A receptor homology modeling/docking studies suggest that 10 binds in a manner similar to risperidone and that there is a large cavity to accept various N4-substituted analogues of 10 such as risperidone and related agents. Alterations of this "extended" moiety improve receptor binding and functional potency. We propose a new risperidone-based pharmacophore for 5-HT2A receptor antagonist action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urjita H. Shah
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Pharmacy, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
| | - Supriya A. Gaitonde
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Pharmacy, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
| | - José L. Moreno
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
| | - Richard A. Glennon
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Pharmacy, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
| | - Małgorzata Dukat
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Pharmacy, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
| | - Javier González-Maeso
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
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de la Fuente Revenga M, Ibi D, Cuddy T, Toneatti R, Kurita M, Ijaz MK, Miles MF, Wolstenholme JT, González-Maeso J. Chronic clozapine treatment restrains via HDAC2 the performance of mGlu2 receptor agonism in a rodent model of antipsychotic activity. Neuropsychopharmacology 2019; 44:443-454. [PMID: 30038413 PMCID: PMC6300555 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-018-0143-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Revised: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Preclinical findings in rodent models pointed toward activation of metabotropic glutamate 2/3 (mGlu2/3) receptors as a new pharmacological approach to treat psychosis. However, more recent studies failed to show clinical efficacy of mGlu2/3 receptor agonism in schizophrenia patients. We previously proposed that long-term antipsychotic medication restricted the therapeutic effects of these glutamatergic agents. However, little is known about the molecular mechanism underlying the potential repercussion of previous antipsychotic exposure on the therapeutic performance of mGlu2/3 receptor agonists. Here we show that this maladaptive effect of antipsychotic treatment is mediated mostly via histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2). Chronic treatment with the antipsychotic clozapine led to a decrease in mouse frontal cortex mGlu2 mRNA, an effect that required expression of both HDAC2 and the serotonin 5-HT2A receptor. This transcriptional alteration occurred in association with HDAC2-dependent repressive histone modifications at the mGlu2 promoter. We found that chronic clozapine treatment decreased via HDAC2 the capabilities of the mGlu2/3 receptor agonist LY379268 to activate G-proteins in the frontal cortex of mice. Chronic clozapine treatment blunted the antipsychotic-related behavioral effects of LY379268, an effect that was not observed in HDAC2 knockout mice. More importantly, co-administration of the class I and II HDAC inhibitor SAHA (vorinostat) preserved the antipsychotic profile of LY379268 and frontal cortex mGlu2/3 receptor density in wild-type mice. These findings raise concerns on the design of previous clinical studies with mGlu2/3 agonists, providing the rationale for the development of HDAC2 inhibitors as a new epigenetic-based approach to improve the currently limited response to treatment with glutamatergic antipsychotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario de la Fuente Revenga
- 0000 0004 0458 8737grid.224260.0Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298 USA
| | - Daisuke Ibi
- 0000 0004 0458 8737grid.224260.0Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298 USA ,0000 0001 0670 2351grid.59734.3cDepartment Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029 USA ,grid.259879.8Department of Chemical Pharmacology, Meijo University, Nagoya, 468-8503 Japan
| | - Travis Cuddy
- 0000 0004 0458 8737grid.224260.0Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298 USA
| | - Rudy Toneatti
- 0000 0004 0458 8737grid.224260.0Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298 USA
| | - Mitsumasa Kurita
- 0000 0001 0670 2351grid.59734.3cDepartment Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029 USA ,0000 0004 1797 168Xgrid.417741.0Present Address: Dainippon Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd., Osaka, 564-0053 Japan
| | - Maryum K. Ijaz
- 0000 0004 0458 8737grid.224260.0Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298 USA
| | - Michael F. Miles
- 0000 0004 0458 8737grid.224260.0Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298 USA ,0000 0004 0458 8737grid.224260.0VCU Alcohol Research Center, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298 USA
| | - Jennifer T. Wolstenholme
- 0000 0004 0458 8737grid.224260.0Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298 USA ,0000 0004 0458 8737grid.224260.0VCU Alcohol Research Center, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298 USA
| | - Javier González-Maeso
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA. .,Department Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA. .,Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA. .,Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
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Mato S, Pilar-Cuéllar F, Valdizán EM, González-Maeso J, Rodríguez-Puertas R, Meana J, Sallés J, Crespo-Facorro B, Pazos Á. Selective up-regulation of cannabinoid CB 1 receptor coupling to Go-proteins in suicide victims with mood disorders. Biochem Pharmacol 2018; 157:258-265. [PMID: 30099006 PMCID: PMC6263149 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2018.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Brain endocannabinoid system is proposed to play a role in the pathogenesis of affective disorders. In the present study, we analyzed the functionality of the cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1 receptor) at different transduction levels in prefrontal cortex (PFC) of depressed suicide victims. We examined stimulation of [35S]GTPγS binding, activation of Gα protein subunits and inhibition of adenylyl cyclase by the cannabinoid agonist WIN55,212-2, as well as [3H]CP55,940 binding, in PFC homogenates from suicide victims with major depression (MD) and matched control subjects. CB1 receptor-stimulated [35S]GTPγS binding was significantly greater in the PFC of MD compared with matched controls (23%, p < 0.05). This increase was most evident in the PFC from MD subgroup with negative blood test for antidepressants (AD) at the time of death (AD-free) (38%, p < 0.05), being absent when comparing the AD-treated MD cases with their controls. The density of CB1 receptors and their coupling to adenylyl cyclase were similar between MD and control cases, regardless of the existence of AD intake. Analysis of [35S]GTPγS-labelled Gα subunits allowed for the detection of upregulated CB1 receptor coupling to Gαo, but not to Gαi1, Gαi2, Gαi3, Gαz subunits, in the PFC from AD-free MD suicides. These results suggest that increased CB1 receptor functionality at the Gαi/o protein level in the PFC of MD subjects is due to enhanced coupling to Gαo proteins and might be modulated by AD intake. These data provide new insights into the role of endocannabinoid neurotransmission in the pathobiology of MD and suggest its regulation by ADs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Mato
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Cantabria, E-39011 Santander, Spain
| | - Fuencisla Pilar-Cuéllar
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Cantabria, E-39011 Santander, Spain; Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology of Cantabria (IBBTEC), E-39011 Santander, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), E-28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Elsa M Valdizán
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Cantabria, E-39011 Santander, Spain; Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology of Cantabria (IBBTEC), E-39011 Santander, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), E-28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier González-Maeso
- Department of Pharmacology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, E-48940 Leioa, Spain
| | | | - Javier Meana
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), E-28029 Madrid, Spain; Department of Pharmacology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, E-48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Joan Sallés
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), E-28029 Madrid, Spain; Department of Pharmacology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, E-48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Benedicto Crespo-Facorro
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), E-28029 Madrid, Spain; Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, University of Cantabria-IDIVAL, School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Santander, Spain
| | - Ángel Pazos
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Cantabria, E-39011 Santander, Spain; Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology of Cantabria (IBBTEC), E-39011 Santander, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), E-28029 Madrid, Spain.
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de la Fuente Revenga M, Ibi D, Saunders JM, Cuddy T, Ijaz MK, Toneatti R, Kurita M, Holloway T, Shen L, Seto J, Dozmorov MG, González-Maeso J. HDAC2-dependent Antipsychotic-like Effects of Chronic Treatment with the HDAC Inhibitor SAHA in Mice. Neuroscience 2018; 388:102-117. [PMID: 30025863 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2018.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Revised: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Antipsychotic drugs, including both typical such as haloperidol and atypical such as clozapine, remain the current standard for schizophrenia treatment. These agents are relatively effective in treating hallucinations and delusions. However, cognitive deficits are at present essentially either persistent or exacerbated following chronic antipsychotic drug exposure. This underlines the need of new therapeutic approaches to improve cognition in treated schizophrenia patients. Our previous findings suggested that upregulation of histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2) expression upon chronic antipsychotic treatment may lead to negative effects on cognition and cortical synaptic structure. Here we tested different phenotypes of psychosis, synaptic plasticity, cognition and antipsychotic drug action in HDAC2 conditional knockout (HDAC2-cKO) mice and controls. Conditional depletion of HDAC2 function in glutamatergic pyramidal neurons led to a protective phenotype against behavior models induced by psychedelic and dissociative drugs, such as DOI and MK801, respectively. Immunoreactivity toward synaptophysin, which labels presynaptic terminals of functional synapses, was decreased in the frontal cortex of control mice chronically treated with clozapine - an opposite effect occurred in HDAC2-cKO mice. Chronic treatment with the class I and class II HDAC inhibitor SAHA prevented via HDAC2 the disruptive effects of MK801 on recognition memory. Additionally, chronic SAHA treatment affected transcription of numerous plasticity-related genes in the frontal cortex of control mice, an effect that was not observed in HDAC2-cKO animals. Together, these findings suggest that HDAC2 may represent a novel target to improve synaptic plasticity and cognition in treated schizophrenia patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario de la Fuente Revenga
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298, United States
| | - Daisuke Ibi
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298, United States; Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, United States; Department of Chemical Pharmacology, Meijo University, Nagoya 468-8503, Japan
| | - Justin M Saunders
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298, United States
| | - Travis Cuddy
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298, United States
| | - Maryum K Ijaz
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298, United States
| | - Rudy Toneatti
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298, United States
| | - Mitsumasa Kurita
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, United States
| | - Terrell Holloway
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, United States
| | - Li Shen
- Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, United States; Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, United States
| | - Jeremy Seto
- Department of Biological Sciences, New York City College of Technology, Brooklyn, NY 11201, United States
| | - Mikhail G Dozmorov
- Department of Biostatistics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298, United States
| | - Javier González-Maeso
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298, United States; Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, United States; Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, United States; Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, United States.
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36
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Ma S, de la Fuente Revenga M, Sun Z, Sun C, Murphy TW, Xie H, González-Maeso J, Lu C. Cell-type-specific brain methylomes profiled via ultralow-input microfluidics. Nat Biomed Eng 2018; 2:183-194. [PMID: 29963329 PMCID: PMC6023403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Methylomic analyses typically require substantial amounts of DNA, thus hindering studies involving scarce samples. Here, we show that microfluidic diffusion-based reduced representative bisulfite sequencing (MID-RRBS) permits high-quality methylomic profiling with nanogram-to-single-cell quantities of starting DNA. We used the microfluidic device, which allows for efficient bisulfite conversion with high DNA recovery, to analyse genome-wide DNA methylation in cell nuclei isolated from mouse brains and sorted into NeuN+ (primarily neuronal) and NeuN- (primarily glial) fractions, and to establish cell-type-specific methylomes. Genome-wide methylation and methylation in low-CpG-density promoter regions showed distinct patterns for NeuN+ and NeuN- fractions from the mouse cerebellum. The identification of substantial variations in the methylomic landscapes of the NeuN+ fraction of the frontal cortex of mice chronically treated with an atypical antipsychotic drug suggests that this technology can be broadly used for cell-type-specific drug profiling and for the study of drug-methylome interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sai Ma
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Mario de la Fuente Revenga
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Zhixiong Sun
- Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Chen Sun
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Travis W. Murphy
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Hehuang Xie
- Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA,Biocomplexity Institute of Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA,Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Javier González-Maeso
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Chang Lu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA,Corresponding author (C.L.):
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Lopez-Gimenez JF, de la Fuente Revenga M, Ruso-Julve F, Saunders JM, Moreno JL, Crespo-Facorro B, González-Maeso J. Validation of schizophrenia gene expression profile in a preclinical model of maternal infection during pregnancy. Schizophr Res 2017; 189:217-218. [PMID: 28202291 PMCID: PMC5554460 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2017.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Revised: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Juan F Lopez-Gimenez
- Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology of Cantabria (IBBTEC-CSIC), Santander, Spain; Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia 23298, USA.
| | - Mario de la Fuente Revenga
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia 23298, USA
| | - Fulgencio Ruso-Julve
- University Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla, IDIVAL, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria, Santander, Spain
| | - Justin M Saunders
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia 23298, USA
| | - José L Moreno
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia 23298, USA
| | - Benedicto Crespo-Facorro
- University Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla, IDIVAL, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria, Santander, Spain; CIBERSAM, Centro Investigación Biomédica en Red Salud Mental, Santander, Spain
| | - Javier González-Maeso
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia 23298, USA.
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Fribourg M, Logothetis DE, González-Maeso J, Sealfon SC, Galocha-Iragüen B, Las-Heras Andrés F, Brezina V. Elucidation of molecular kinetic schemes from macroscopic traces using system identification. PLoS Comput Biol 2017; 13:e1005376. [PMID: 28192423 PMCID: PMC5330533 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1005376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Revised: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 01/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Overall cellular responses to biologically-relevant stimuli are mediated by networks of simpler lower-level processes. Although information about some of these processes can now be obtained by visualizing and recording events at the molecular level, this is still possible only in especially favorable cases. Therefore the development of methods to extract the dynamics and relationships between the different lower-level (microscopic) processes from the overall (macroscopic) response remains a crucial challenge in the understanding of many aspects of physiology. Here we have devised a hybrid computational-analytical method to accomplish this task, the SYStems-based MOLecular kinetic scheme Extractor (SYSMOLE). SYSMOLE utilizes system-identification input-output analysis to obtain a transfer function between the stimulus and the overall cellular response in the Laplace-transformed domain. It then derives a Markov-chain state molecular kinetic scheme uniquely associated with the transfer function by means of a classification procedure and an analytical step that imposes general biological constraints. We first tested SYSMOLE with synthetic data and evaluated its performance in terms of its rate of convergence to the correct molecular kinetic scheme and its robustness to noise. We then examined its performance on real experimental traces by analyzing macroscopic calcium-current traces elicited by membrane depolarization. SYSMOLE derived the correct, previously known molecular kinetic scheme describing the activation and inactivation of the underlying calcium channels and correctly identified the accepted mechanism of action of nifedipine, a calcium-channel blocker clinically used in patients with cardiovascular disease. Finally, we applied SYSMOLE to study the pharmacology of a new class of glutamate antipsychotic drugs and their crosstalk mechanism through a heteromeric complex of G protein-coupled receptors. Our results indicate that our methodology can be successfully applied to accurately derive molecular kinetic schemes from experimental macroscopic traces, and we anticipate that it may be useful in the study of a wide variety of biological systems. Unraveling the lower-level (microscopic) processes underlying the overall (macroscopic) cell response to a given stimulus is a challenging problem in cell physiology. This has been a classic problem in biophysics, where the ability to record the activity of single ion channels that generate a macroscopic ion current has allowed a measure of direct access to the underlying microscopic processes. These classic studies have demonstrated that very different groupings of the microscopic processes can yield extremely similar macroscopic responses. Biologists in fields other than biophysics are frequently confronted with the same macroscopic-to-microscopic problem, usually, however, without any direct access to the microscopic processes. Thus, the development of computational methods to deduce from the available macroscopic measurements the nature of the underlying microscopic processes can be expected to substantially advance the study of many areas of cell physiology. Toward that aim, here we have derived and tested a hybrid computational-analytical method to extract information about the microscopic processes that is hidden in macroscopic experimental traces. Our method is independent of the particular system under study, and thus can be applied to new as well as previously-recorded macroscopic traces obtained in a wide variety of biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Fribourg
- Department of Neurology and Center for Translational Systems Biology, Icahn School Of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Diomedes E. Logothetis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Javier González-Maeso
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Stuart C. Sealfon
- Department of Neurology and Center for Translational Systems Biology, Icahn School Of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Belén Galocha-Iragüen
- Department of Signals Systems and Radiocommunications, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Vladimir Brezina
- Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
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Gaitonde SA, González-Maeso J. Contribution of heteromerization to G protein-coupled receptor function. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2016; 32:23-31. [PMID: 27835800 DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2016.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Revised: 10/22/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are a remarkably multifaceted family of transmembrane proteins that exert a variety of physiological effects. Although family A GPCRs are able to operate as monomers, there is increasing evidence that heteromerization represents a fundamental aspect of receptor function, trafficking and pharmacology. Most recently, it has been suggested that GPCR heteromers may play a crucial role as new molecular targets of heteromer-selective and bivalent ligands. The current review summarizes key recent developments in these topics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supriya A Gaitonde
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298, United States
| | - Javier González-Maeso
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298, United States.
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Younkin J, Gaitonde SA, Ellaithy A, Vekariya R, Baki L, Moreno JL, Shah S, Drossopoulos P, Hideshima KS, Eltit JM, González-Maeso J, Logothetis DE, Dukat M, Glennon RA. Reformulating a Pharmacophore for 5-HT2A Serotonin Receptor Antagonists. ACS Chem Neurosci 2016; 7:1292-9. [PMID: 27385190 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.6b00162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Several pharmacophore models have been proposed for 5-HT2A serotonin receptor antagonists. These typically consist of two aromatic/hydrophobic moieties separated by a given distance from each other, and from a basic amine. Although specified distances might vary, the models are relatively similar in their general construction. Because our preliminary data indicated that two aromatic (hydrophobic) moieties might not be required for such action, we deconstructed the serotonin-dopamine antipsychotic agent risperidone (1) into four smaller structural fragments that were thoroughly examined in 5-HT2A receptor binding and functional (i.e., two-electrode voltage clamp (TEVC) and intracellular calcium release) assays. It was apparent that truncated risperidone analogues behaved as antagonists. In particular, 6-fluoro-3-(1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)benzisoxazole (4) displayed high affinity for 5-HT2A receptors (Ki of ca. 12 nM) relative to risperidone (Ki of ca. 5 nM) and behaved as a potent 5-HT2A serotonin receptor antagonist. These results suggest that multiple aromatic (hydrophobic) moieties are not essential for high-affinity 5-HT2A receptor binding and antagonist activity and that current pharmacophore models for such agents are very much in need of revision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Younkin
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics,
School of Medicine, and ‡Department of
Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
| | - Supriya A. Gaitonde
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics,
School of Medicine, and ‡Department of
Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
| | - Amr Ellaithy
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics,
School of Medicine, and ‡Department of
Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
| | - Rakesh Vekariya
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics,
School of Medicine, and ‡Department of
Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
| | - Lia Baki
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics,
School of Medicine, and ‡Department of
Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
| | - José L. Moreno
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics,
School of Medicine, and ‡Department of
Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
| | - Sneha Shah
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics,
School of Medicine, and ‡Department of
Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
| | - Peter Drossopoulos
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics,
School of Medicine, and ‡Department of
Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
| | - Kelsey S. Hideshima
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics,
School of Medicine, and ‡Department of
Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
| | - Jose Miguel Eltit
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics,
School of Medicine, and ‡Department of
Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
| | - Javier González-Maeso
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics,
School of Medicine, and ‡Department of
Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
| | - Diomedes E. Logothetis
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics,
School of Medicine, and ‡Department of
Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
| | - Malgorzata Dukat
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics,
School of Medicine, and ‡Department of
Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
| | - Richard A. Glennon
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics,
School of Medicine, and ‡Department of
Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
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Holloway T, Moreno JL, González-Maeso J. HSV-Mediated Transgene Expression of Chimeric Constructs to Study Behavioral Function of GPCR Heteromers in Mice. J Vis Exp 2016. [PMID: 27501227 DOI: 10.3791/53717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The heteromeric receptor complex between 5-HT2A and mGlu2 has been implicated in some of the behavioral phenotypes in mouse models of psychosis(1,2). Consequently, investigation of structural details of the interaction between 5-HT2A and mGlu2 affecting schizophrenia-related behaviors represents a powerful translational tool. As previously shown, the head-twitch response (HTR) in mice is elicited by hallucinogenic drugs and this behavioral response is absent in 5-HT2A knockout (KO) mice(3,4). Additionally, by conditionally expressing the 5-HT2A receptor only in cortex, it was demonstrated that 5-HT2A receptor-dependent signaling pathways on cortical pyramidal neurons are sufficient to elicit head-twitch behavior in response to hallucinogenic drugs(3). Finally, it has been shown that the head-twitch behavioral response induced by the hallucinogens DOI and lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) is significantly decreased in mGlu2-KO mice(5). These findings suggest that mGlu2 is at least in part necessary for the 5-HT2A receptor-dependent psychosis-like behavioral effects induced by LSD-like drugs. However, this does not provide evidence as to whether the 5-HT2A-mGlu2 receptor complex is necessary for this behavioral phenotype. To address this question, herpes simplex virus (HSV) constructs to express either mGlu2 or mGlu2ΔTM4N (mGlu2/mGlu3 chimeric construct that does not form the 5-HT2A-mGlu2 receptor complex) in the frontal cortex of mGlu2-KO mice were used to examine whether this GPCR heteromeric complex is needed for the behavioral effects induced by LSD-like drugs(6).
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Affiliation(s)
- Terrell Holloway
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
| | - Jose L Moreno
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
| | - Javier González-Maeso
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai; Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai; Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai; Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University Medical School;
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Moreno JL, Miranda-Azpiazu P, García-Bea A, Younkin J, Cui M, Kozlenkov A, Ben-Ezra A, Voloudakis G, Fakira AK, Baki L, Ge Y, Georgakopoulos A, Morón JA, Milligan G, López-Giménez JF, Robakis NK, Logothetis DE, Meana JJ, González-Maeso J. Allosteric signaling through an mGlu2 and 5-HT2A heteromeric receptor complex and its potential contribution to schizophrenia. Sci Signal 2016; 9:ra5. [PMID: 26758213 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aab0467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding protein (G protein)-coupled receptors (GPCRs) can form multiprotein complexes (heteromers), which can alter the pharmacology and functions of the constituent receptors. Previous findings demonstrated that the Gq/11-coupled serotonin 5-HT2A receptor and the Gi/o-coupled metabotropic glutamate 2 (mGlu2) receptor-GPCRs that are involved in signaling alterations associated with psychosis-assemble into a heteromeric complex in the mammalian brain. In single-cell experiments with various mutant versions of the mGlu2 receptor, we showed that stimulation of cells expressing mGlu2-5-HT2A heteromers with an mGlu2 agonist led to activation of Gq/11 proteins by the 5-HT2A receptors. For this crosstalk to occur, one of the mGlu2 subunits had to couple to Gi/o proteins, and we determined the relative location of the Gi/o-contacting subunit within the mGlu2 homodimer of the heteromeric complex. Additionally, mGlu2-dependent activation of Gq/11, but not Gi/o, was reduced in the frontal cortex of 5-HT2A knockout mice and was reduced in the frontal cortex of postmortem brains from schizophrenic patients. These findings offer structural insights into this important target in molecular psychiatry.
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Affiliation(s)
- José L Moreno
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298, USA. Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Patricia Miranda-Azpiazu
- Department of Pharmacology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, E-48940 Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain. Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, E-48940 Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Aintzane García-Bea
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA. Department of Pharmacology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, E-48940 Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain. Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, E-48940 Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Jason Younkin
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Meng Cui
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Alexey Kozlenkov
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Ariel Ben-Ezra
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Georgios Voloudakis
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Amanda K Fakira
- Department of Anesthesiology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Lia Baki
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Yongchao Ge
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | | | - José A Morón
- Department of Anesthesiology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Graeme Milligan
- Molecular Pharmacology Group, Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Scotland, UK
| | - Juan F López-Giménez
- Molecular Pharmacology Group, Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Scotland, UK. Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria (IBBTEC-CSIC-UC), E-39011 Santander, Cantabria, Spain
| | - Nikolaos K Robakis
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA. Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA. Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Diomedes E Logothetis
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - J Javier Meana
- Department of Pharmacology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, E-48940 Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain. Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, E-48940 Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain. BioCruces Health Research Institute, E-48903 Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain.
| | - Javier González-Maeso
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298, USA. Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA. Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA. Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.
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González-Maeso J, VanHook AM. Science Signaling
Podcast for 12 January 2016: GPCR heteromers and schizophrenia. Sci Signal 2016. [DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aad9315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Ligand binding to one member of a heteromeric GPCR complex can activate its binding partner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier González-Maeso
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
- Departments of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Annalisa M. VanHook
- Web Editor, Science Signaling, American Association for the Advancement of Science, 1200 New York Avenue, NW, Washington, DC 20005, USA
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Abstract
Histone modifications and DNA methylation represent central dynamic and reversible processes that regulate gene expression and contribute to cellular phenotypes. These epigenetic marks have been shown to play fundamental roles in a diverse set of signaling and behavioral outcomes. Psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia and depression are complex and heterogeneous diseases with multiple and independent factors that may contribute to their pathophysiology, making challenging to find a link between specific elements and the underlying mechanisms responsible for the disorder and its treatment. Growing evidences suggest that epigenetic modifications in certain brain regions and neural circuits represent a key mechanism through which environmental factors interact with individual's genetic constitution to affect risk of psychiatric conditions throughout life. This review focuses on recent advances that directly implicate epigenetic modifications in schizophrenia and antipsychotic drug action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Ibi
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Javier González-Maeso
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University Medical School, Richmond, VA 23298, USA.
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Ellaithy A, Younkin J, González-Maeso J, Logothetis DE. Positive allosteric modulators of metabotropic glutamate 2 receptors in schizophrenia treatment. Trends Neurosci 2015; 38:506-16. [PMID: 26148747 PMCID: PMC4530036 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2015.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2015] [Revised: 06/07/2015] [Accepted: 06/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The past two decades have witnessed a rise in the 'NMDA receptor hypofunction' hypothesis for schizophrenia, a devastating disorder that affects around 1% of the population worldwide. A variety of presynaptic, postsynaptic, and regulatory proteins involved in glutamatergic signaling have thus been proposed as potential therapeutic targets. This review focuses on positive allosteric modulation of metabotropic glutamate 2 receptors (mGlu2Rs) and discusses how recent preclinical epigenetic data may provide a molecular explanation for the discrepant results of clinical studies, further stimulating the field to exploit the promise of mGlu2R as a target for schizophrenia treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amr Ellaithy
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Jason Younkin
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Javier González-Maeso
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA; Departments of Psychiatry and Neurology, and The Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.
| | - Diomedes E Logothetis
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA.
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Abstract
Histone modifications and DNA methylation represent central dynamic and reversible processes that regulate gene expression and contribute to cellular phenotypes. These epigenetic marks have been shown to play fundamental roles in a diverse set of signaling and behavioral outcomes. Serotonin is a monoamine that regulates numerous physiological responses including those in the central nervous system. The cardinal signal transduction mechanisms via serotonin and its receptors are well established, but fundamental questions regarding complex interactions between the serotonin system and heritable epigenetic modifications that exert control on gene function remain a topic of intense research and debate. This review focuses on recent advances and contributions to our understanding of epigenetic mechanisms of serotonin receptor-dependent signaling, with focus on psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia and depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terrell Holloway
- Department of Psychiatry, ‡Department of Neurology, and §Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York, New York 10029, United States
| | - Javier González-Maeso
- Department of Psychiatry, ‡Department of Neurology, and §Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York, New York 10029, United States
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47
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier González-Maeso
- Departments of Psychiatry and Neurology, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York, NY, USA
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González-Maeso J. EPA-1211 – Role of 5-HT2a and mglu2 as a gpcr heterocomplex in antipsychotic action. Eur Psychiatry 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s0924-9338(14)78457-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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Gatch MB, Kozlenkov A, Huang RQ, Yang W, Nguyen JD, González-Maeso J, Rice KC, France CP, Dillon GH, Forster MJ, Schetz JA. The HIV antiretroviral drug efavirenz has LSD-like properties. Neuropsychopharmacology 2013; 38:2373-84. [PMID: 23702798 PMCID: PMC3799056 DOI: 10.1038/npp.2013.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2013] [Revised: 05/01/2013] [Accepted: 05/13/2013] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Anecdotal reports have surfaced concerning misuse of the HIV antiretroviral medication efavirenz ((4S)-6-chloro-4-(2-cyclopropylethynyl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)-2,4-dihydro-1H-3,1-benzoxazin-2-one) by HIV patients and non-infected teens who crush the pills and smoke the powder for its psychoactive effects. Molecular profiling of the receptor pharmacology of efavirenz pinpointed interactions with multiple established sites of action for other known drugs of abuse including catecholamine and indolamine transporters, and GABAA and 5-HT(2A) receptors. In rodents, interaction with the 5-HT(2A) receptor, a primary site of action of lysergic acid diethylamine (LSD), appears to dominate efavirenz's behavioral profile. Both LSD and efavirenz reduce ambulation in a novel open-field environment. Efavirenz occasions drug-lever responding in rats discriminating LSD from saline, and this effect is abolished by selective blockade of the 5-HT(2A) receptor. Similar to LSD, efavirenz induces head-twitch responses in wild-type, but not in 5-HT(2A)-knockout, mice. Despite having GABAA-potentiating effects (like benzodiazepines and barbiturates), and interactions with dopamine transporter, serotonin transporter, and vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (like cocaine and methamphetamine), efavirenz fails to maintain responding in rats that self-administer cocaine, and it fails to produce a conditioned place preference. Although its molecular pharmacology is multifarious, efavirenz's prevailing behavioral effect in rodents is consistent with LSD-like activity mediated via the 5-HT(2A) receptor. This finding correlates, in part, with the subjective experiences in humans who abuse efavirenz and with specific dose-dependent adverse neuropsychiatric events, such as hallucinations and night terrors, reported by HIV patients taking it as a medication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael B Gatch
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | - Alexey Kozlenkov
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ren-Qi Huang
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | - Wenjuan Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Jacques D Nguyen
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | - Javier González-Maeso
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kenner C Rice
- Drug Design and Synthesis Section, Chemical Biology Research Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse and National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Charles P France
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Glenn H Dillon
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA,Institute for Aging and Alzheimer's Disease Research, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | - Michael J Forster
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA,Institute for Aging and Alzheimer's Disease Research, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | - John A Schetz
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA,Institute for Aging and Alzheimer's Disease Research, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA,Department of Psychiatry, Texas College of Osteopathic Medicine, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA,Department of Health Management and Policy, School of Public Health, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA,Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, 3500 Camp Bowie Boulevard, Fort Worth, TX, USA, Tel: +1 817 735 2064, Fax: +1 817 735 0408, E-mail:
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Muguruza C, Moreno JL, Umali A, Callado LF, Meana JJ, González-Maeso J. Dysregulated 5-HT(2A) receptor binding in postmortem frontal cortex of schizophrenic subjects. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2013; 23. [PMID: 23176747 PMCID: PMC3586752 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2012.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Previous postmortem and neuroimaging studies have repeatedly suggested alterations in serotonin 5-HT(2A) receptor (5-HT(2A)R) binding associated with the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. These studies were performed with ligands, such as ketanserin, altanserin and LSD, that may bind with high-affinity to different structural or functional conformations of the 5-HT(2A)R. Interpretation of results may also be confounded by chronic antipsychotic treatment and suicidal behavior in the schizophrenia group. We quantified 5-HT(2A)R density by radioligand binding assays in postmortem prefrontal cortex of antipsychotic-free (n=29) and antipsychotic-treated (n=16) schizophrenics, suicide victims with other psychiatric diagnoses (n=13), and individually matched controls. [³H]Ketanserin binding, and its displacement by altanserin or the LSD-like agonist DOI, was assayed. Results indicate that the number of [³H]ketanserin binding sites to the 5-HT(2A)R was increased in antipsychotic-free (128 ± 11%), but not in antipsychotic-treated (92 ± 12%), schizophrenic subjects. In suicide victims, [³H]ketanserin binding did not differ as compared to controls. Aging correlated negatively with [³H]ketanserin binding in schizophrenia, suicide victims and controls. The fraction of high-affinity sites of DOI displacing [³H]ketanserin binding to the 5-HT(2A)R was increased in antipsychotic-free schizophrenic subjects. Functional uncoupling of heterotrimeric G proteins led to increased fraction of high-affinity sites of altanserin displacing [³H]ketanserin binding to the 5-HT(2A)R in schizophrenic subjects, but not in controls. Together, these results suggest that the active conformation of the 5-HT(2A)R is up-regulated in prefrontal cortex of antipsychotic-free schizophrenic subjects, and may provide a pharmacological explanation for discordant findings previously obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Muguruza
- Department of Pharmacology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, E-48940 Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain
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