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Jansson S, Malham M, Carlsen K, Ingels H, Jørgensen MH, Virta LJ, Kolho KL, Rask CU, Wewer V. Psychiatric disorders in paediatric-onset immune-mediated inflammatory diseases: a nationwide Danish study. Arch Dis Child 2023; 108:999-1007. [PMID: 37640429 DOI: 10.1136/archdischild-2023-325675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the frequency of psychiatric disorders before and after onset of paediatric-onset immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (pIMID). STUDY DESIGN In a nationwide study from 1996 to 2018, we investigated psychiatric disorders in patients with paediatric-onset inflammatory bowel diseases, autoimmune liver diseases and rheumatic diseases, using Danish national healthcare and population registers. Each case was matched with up to 10 controls from the background population. The cumulative incidence for psychiatric disorders prior to pIMID onset in patients was compared with controls. Cox proportional regression was used to estimate adjusted HRs (aHR) with a 95% CI between cases and controls after the index date. RESULTS We included 11 208 cases (57% female) and 98 387 controls. The median age at disease onset was 12.5 years (IQR 8-15) and follow-up time 9.8 years (IQR 5-15). We found an association between psychiatric disorders before index date and a diagnosis of subsequent pIMID (OR 1.3, 95% CI 1.2 to 1.4). Notably, after index date, cases also had an increased risk (aHR 1.6, 95% CI 1.5 to 1.7) of psychiatric disorders compared with controls. This risk was increased for all groups of psychiatric disorders. Female patients had an increased risk of suicide attempt after index date (aHR 1.4, 95% CI 1.1 to 1.8). CONCLUSION Patients with pIMID are at increased risk for a broad spectrum of psychiatric disorders both before and after onset of pIMID. The results support the need for awareness of psychiatric morbidity in this young patient group and the need for coordinated healthcare for those with comorbid states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Jansson
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Hvidovre Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Mikkel Malham
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Hvidovre Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Copenhagen Center for Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Children, Adolescent and Adults, Hvidovre Hospital, Hvidovre, Denmark
| | - Katrine Carlsen
- Copenhagen Center for Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Children, Adolescent and Adults, Hvidovre Hospital, Hvidovre, Denmark
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Hvidovre Hospital, Hvidovre, Denmark
| | - Helene Ingels
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Lauri Juhani Virta
- Research Department, The Social Insurance Institution of Finland, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kaija-Leena Kolho
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Helsinki Children's Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Charlotte Ulrikka Rask
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Vibeke Wewer
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Hvidovre Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Copenhagen Center for Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Children, Adolescent and Adults, Hvidovre Hospital, Hvidovre, Denmark
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Hald M, Carlsen K, Wewer V. Transition of Adolescents with Inflammatory Bowel Disease-Are the Pediatric Teams up to the Task? Children (Basel) 2021; 8:900. [PMID: 34682165 PMCID: PMC8534990 DOI: 10.3390/children8100900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Our aim was to describe the challenges of the transition process of adolescents with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), as seen from a pediatric-care perspective, to clarify the key obstacles and propose how to move forward. Semi-structured individual interviews of pediatric gastroenterologists and nurses were analyzed and interpreted according to the principles of social science. It is a challenge for the pediatric team to continuously match, support, and gently guide the ever-changing adolescent patient. All adolescent patients should be offered guidance regardless of their starting point, and specific individual needs should be taken into consideration. Adolescents burdened by psychosocial challenges require extra support. Early and continued interdisciplinary effort is essential. Collaboration with the parents must be continuously adapted to prepare them for their new roles and responsibilities. The shift from the pediatric family-focused approach to the individualistic approach of the Adult Gastroenterology Department signifies a fundamental change. Equipping adolescents with disease-management skills remains a comprehensive task. The following crucial questions remain: Who is capable of performing the transition? Who can dedicate the necessary resources for performing the transition? A transition center led by both pediatricians and adult gastroenterologists in an interdisciplinary setting that includes transition-trained persons may be the solution.
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Hansen MR, Ankersen DV, Marker D, Carlsen K, Bennedsen M, Fjordside E, Peters-Lehm CT, Wewer V, Munkholm P, Burisch J. [Telemedicine applications for monitoring inflammatory bowel disease and irritable bowel syndrome]. Ugeskr Laeger 2020; 182:V10190588. [PMID: 32138819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) are chronic relapsing diseases with major impact on the patients' everyday life, and increasing incidences affect the burden on the healthcare system. This review summarises the evidence of telemedicine applications (TA) to patients suffering from IBD and IBS in Denmark and abroad. TA have been shown to: reduce time-to-remission, increase quality of life and medical adherence, and reduce hospital admissions and outpatient visits in adult patients with IBD. In paediatric patients with IBD, TA have been shown to reduce: the need of outpatient visits, the number of school absences, and the symptom scores.
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Goll R, Heitmann R, Moe ØK, Carlsen K, Florholmen J. Head to head comparison of two commercial fecal calprotectin kits as predictor of Mayo endoscopic sub-score and mucosal TNF expression in ulcerative colitis. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0224895. [PMID: 31790426 PMCID: PMC6886764 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0224895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fecal calprotectin is widely used to monitor disease activity in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Multiple commercial kits exist, however, since the analyses are not standardized, these kits cannot be used interchangeably. We aimed to perform a technical evaluation of two kits (Calpro from Calprolab, Norway and Calprest from Eurospital, Italy) and perform a tuning for detection of clinically relevant disease states in ulcerative colitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS For tuning against different clinical states a total of 116 patients with ulcerative colitis were recruited (67 of which were part of an earlier publication). For the technical evaluation an additional series of 80 random samples from the hospital lab were included. Technical evaluation was done by correlation and limits of agreement analysis; cut-off levels were explored by ROC analysis against clinically relevant actual states. RESULTS The technical evaluation revealed good correlation between assays, however a non-linear difference was found: At values below 200 mg/kg, no significant bias was found; in the interval 200-1000 mg/kg the Calprest assay measured on average 30% lower than Calpro; and at higher values Calprest measured 60% higher values than Calpro. Both assays predicted Mayo endoscopic score (MES) 0 (cutoff 28: sensitivity 0.38; specificity 0.82 for Calprest; cutoff 28: sensitivity 0.50; specificity 0.77 for Calpro), and MES 2-3 (cutoff 148: sensitivity 0.72; specificity 0.80 for Calprest; cutoff 208: sensitivity 0.64; specificity 0.80 for Calpro), but did not predict normalization of mucosal TNF transcript per se. A combination of calprotectin and MES predicted mucosal TNF transcript values reasonably well (Calpro: sensitivity 0.85, specificity 0.58; Calprest: sensitivity 0.85, specificity 0.61). CONCLUSION The Calpro and Calprest assays correlated well, but subtle differences were found, underlining the need for kit-specific cut-off values. Both kits were most precise in predicting active inflammation (MES 2-3), but less so for prediction of mucosal healing (MES 0) and normalization of mucosal TNF gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasmus Goll
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, UiT the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
- Medical Gastroenterology, Division of Internal medicine, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway
- * E-mail:
| | - Richard Heitmann
- Department of Gastroenterology, Telemark Hospital, Skien, Norway
| | - Øystein Kittel Moe
- Medical Gastroenterology, Division of Internal medicine, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Katrine Carlsen
- Department of Pediatrics, Hvidovre University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jon Florholmen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, UiT the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
- Medical Gastroenterology, Division of Internal medicine, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway
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Malham M, Carlsen K, Riis L, Paerregaard A, Vind I, Fenger M, Wewer V. Plasma calprotectin is superior to serum calprotectin as a biomarker of intestinal inflammation in ulcerative Colitis. Scand J Gastroenterol 2019; 54:1214-1219. [PMID: 31526273 DOI: 10.1080/00365521.2019.1665097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Background and aims: Despite promising results, only a few studies have been published on serum calprotectin as a biomarker in IBD. Recently, plasma measurements of calprotectin have been shown to be more reliable than serum measurements. In this study, we aim to assess plasma and serum calprotectin measurements as biomarkers of disease activity in paediatric and adult ulcerative colitis.Methods: Paediatric (5-18 years) and adult (>18 years) patients scheduled for colonoscopy due to suspected or confirmed ulcerative colitis were included prospectively. Stool and blood samples were collected at time of colonoscopy and patient symptom scores were recorded. At colonoscopy the Ulcerative Colitis Endoscopic Index of Severity was recorded. Histology was graded according to the Geboes score.Results: 84 patients where included; 30 paediatric and 54 adult patients. Plasma calprotectin had a stronger correlation to all outcome variables than serum calprotectin. Plasma calprotectin correlated positively to disease extent (Rho = 0.53, p < .0001), symptoms scores (Rho = 0.54, p = .002, only in the paediatric cohort), endoscopic scores (Rho = 0.39, p = .0003), histological scores (Rho 0.28, p = .01) and, when using endoscopic assessment of severity as reference, could discriminate active disease from patients in remission (p = .03).Conclusions: While more studies are needed to assess if plasma calprotectin can discriminate healthy individuals from ulcerative colitis, this study indicates that plasma calprotectin can be used as a biomarker of disease activity, especially in cases where faecal calprotectin measurements are cumbersome either due to patient compliance or logistical requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikkel Malham
- The Paediatric Department, Copenhagen University Hospital, Hvidovre, Denmark
| | - Katrine Carlsen
- The Paediatric Department, Copenhagen University Hospital, Hvidovre, Denmark
| | - Lene Riis
- The Department of Pathology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Anders Paerregaard
- The Paediatric Department, Copenhagen University Hospital, Hvidovre, Denmark
| | - Ida Vind
- The Gastro Unit, Medical Division, Copenhagen University Hospital, Hvidovre, Denmark
| | - Mogens Fenger
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Copenhagen University Hospital, Hvidovre, Denmark
| | - Vibeke Wewer
- The Paediatric Department, Copenhagen University Hospital, Hvidovre, Denmark
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Carlsen K, Malham M, Hansen LF, Petersen JJH, Paerregaard A, Houen G, Wewer V. Serum Calprotectin in Adolescents With Inflammatory Bowel Disease-A Pilot Investigation. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2019; 68:669-675. [PMID: 30628981 DOI: 10.1097/mpg.0000000000002244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Fecal calprotectin (FC) is a well-integrated parameter in the monitoring of adolescent patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, measurement of FC is limited by day-to-day-variation and by the feces consistency. Furthermore, adolescents are often noncompliant to deliver fecal sampling leading to suboptimal monitoring. Consequently, we see the need of a substitute biomarker whenever measurement of FC fails and aimed to investigate serum calprotectin (SC) in adolescents with IBD. METHODS In cross sectional data from 19 ulcerative colitis (UC) patients <18 years old, a Spearman correlation was used to analyze the correlation between SC, FC, C-reactive protein (CRP) and endoscopic and symptom scores. In longitudinal data collected from 20 UC and Crohn disease (CD) patients (10-17 years old), Mixed Effect Models (MEM) were used to analyze the association between SC, FC, CRP, and symptom scores. RESULTS We found positive correlations between SC (19 samples) and the endoscopic score, symptom score, and CRP (r = 0.56, P = 0.01; r = 0.64, P = 0.003; r = 0.97, P < 0.0001). We found no significant correlation between SC and FC. In 27 samples from UC patients, the association of SC with FC and CRP were positive and significant (P = 0.004, estimate = 0.32; P = 0.0001, estimate = 0.002). The association between SC and symptom score was insignificant. In 49 samples from CD patients, the association between SC and CRP was significant (P = 0.02, estimate = 0.002) whereas associations between SC and FC and symptom score were insignificant. CONCLUSIONS In the current pilot study, we found a correlation between SC and the endoscopically assessed inflammation in UC. SC may have the potential to improve disease monitoring of adolescent patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrine Carlsen
- Department of Pediatrics, Hvidovre Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hvidovre
| | - Mikkel Malham
- Department of Pediatrics, Hvidovre Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hvidovre
| | - Lars Folmer Hansen
- Department of Pediatrics, Hvidovre Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hvidovre
| | | | - Anders Paerregaard
- Department of Pediatrics, Hvidovre Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hvidovre
| | - Gunnar Houen
- Department of Auto-immunology and Biomarkers, Statens Serum Institute, Denmark
| | - Vibeke Wewer
- Department of Pediatrics, Hvidovre Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hvidovre
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Carlsen K, Hald M, Dubinsky MC, Keefer L, Wewer V. A Personalized eHealth Transition Concept for Adolescents With Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Design of Intervention. JMIR Pediatr Parent 2019; 2:e12258. [PMID: 31518331 PMCID: PMC6715343 DOI: 10.2196/12258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Revised: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transfer from pediatric to adult care is a crucial period for adolescents with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). OBJECTIVE Our aim was to develop a personalized transition-transfer concept including relevant tools in an established eHealth (electronic health) program. METHODS Required transition skills and validated patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) were identified via bibliographic search and clinical experience and were implemented into an existing eHealth program. RESULTS The following skills were identified: disease knowledge, social life, disease management, and making well-informed, health-related decisions. The PROMs included the following: self-efficacy (the IBD Self-Efficacy Scale-Adolescents), resilience (the 10-item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale), response to stress (the Child Self-Report Responses to Stress-IBD), and self-management and health care transition skills (the Self-Management and Transition to Adulthood with Treatment questionnaire). Starting at age 14, the patient will be offered a 1-hour annual transition consultation with an IBD-specialized nurse. The consultation will be based on the results of the PROMs and will focus on the patient's difficulties. Patients will complete the PROMs on the eHealth program at home, allowing nurses and patients to prepare for the meeting. Symptom scores and medication will be filled out on the eHealth program to support disease self-management. The consultation will be a topic-centered dialogue with practical exercises. During routine outpatient visits with the provider, parents will be left out of half of the consultation when the patient is 16 years old; at 17 years old, the parents will not be present. At the transfer consultation, the pediatric provider, the adult gastroenterologist, the pediatric nurse, the patient, and the parents will be present to ensure a proper transfer. CONCLUSIONS We have conducted a personalized eHealth transition concept consisting of basic elements that measure, train, and monitor the patients' transition readiness. The concept can be implemented and adjusted to local conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrine Carlsen
- Department of Pediatrics, Hvidovre University Hospital, Hvidovre, Denmark
| | - Mette Hald
- Department of Pediatrics, Hvidovre University Hospital, Hvidovre, Denmark
| | - Marla C Dubinsky
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Susan and Leonard Feinstein IBD Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, NY, United States
| | - Laurie Keefer
- Division of Gastroenterology, Susan and Leonard Feinstein IBD Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, NY, United States
| | - Vibeke Wewer
- Department of Pediatrics, Hvidovre University Hospital, Hvidovre, Denmark
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Carlsen K, Riis LB, Elsberg H, Maagaard L, Thorkilgaard T, Sørbye SW, Jakobsen C, Wewer V, Florholmen J, Goll R, Munkholm P. The sensitivity of fecal calprotectin in predicting deep remission in ulcerative colitis. Scand J Gastroenterol 2018; 53:825-830. [PMID: 29968483 DOI: 10.1080/00365521.2018.1482956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mucosal healing is proposed as treat-to-target in ulcerative colitis (UC), even though the definition of mucosal healing remains contested as it has been suggested to be assessed by either endoscopy, histology or both. However, all definitions require an endoscopic evaluation of the mucosa. As endoscopies are invasive and uncomfortable to the patient we aimed to calibrate noninvasive predictors of mucosal inflammatory status defined by both endoscopy and histology. METHODS UC patients (n = 106) undergoing a sigmoid-/colonoscopy were prospectively included. Feces (fecal calprotectin, FC), blood samples (hemoglobin, C-reactive protein, orosomucoid, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, albumin) and symptom scores (Simple Clinical Colitis Activity Index, SSCAI) were collected and analyzed. The colonic mucosa was assessed by the Mayo endoscopic sub score and biopsies were obtained for a histologic grading by Geboes score. Predictive cutoff values were analyzed by receiver operating characteristics (ROC). A combined endoscopic and histologic assessment defined deep remission (Mayo =0 and Geboes ≤1) and activity (Mayo ≥2 and Geboes >3). RESULTS Only FC showed a significant ROC curve (p < .05). We suggest FC (mg/kg) cutoffs for detection of following: Deep remission: FC ≤25; Indeterminate: FC 25-230 - an endoscopy is recommended if a comprehensive status of both endoscopic and histologic assessed activity is needed; Active disease: FC >230. The complete ROC data is presented, enabling extraction of an FC cutoff value's sensitivity and specificity. CONCLUSIONS FC predicts endoscopic and histologic assessed deep remission and inflammatory activity of colon mucosa. Neither the markers in blood nor the SCCAI performed significant ROC results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrine Carlsen
- a Department of Pathology, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital , University of Copenhagen , Herlev , Denmark.,b Department of Pediatrics , Hvidovre University Hospital , Hvidovre , Denmark
| | - Lene Buhl Riis
- a Department of Pathology, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital , University of Copenhagen , Herlev , Denmark
| | - Henriette Elsberg
- c Department of Gastroenterology, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital , University of Copenhagen , Herlev , Denmark
| | - Louise Maagaard
- c Department of Gastroenterology, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital , University of Copenhagen , Herlev , Denmark
| | - Tine Thorkilgaard
- c Department of Gastroenterology, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital , University of Copenhagen , Herlev , Denmark
| | | | - Christian Jakobsen
- b Department of Pediatrics , Hvidovre University Hospital , Hvidovre , Denmark
| | - Vibeke Wewer
- b Department of Pediatrics , Hvidovre University Hospital , Hvidovre , Denmark
| | - Jon Florholmen
- e Department of Gastroenterology , University Hospital of North Norway , Tromsø , Norway.,f Research Group Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Institute Clinical Medicine , UiT the Arctic University of Norway , Tromsø , Norway
| | - Rasmus Goll
- e Department of Gastroenterology , University Hospital of North Norway , Tromsø , Norway.,f Research Group Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Institute Clinical Medicine , UiT the Arctic University of Norway , Tromsø , Norway
| | - Pia Munkholm
- g Department of Gastroenterology , North Zealand Hospital, University of Copenhagen , Frederikssund , Denmark
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9
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Burisch J, Vegh Z, Katsanos KH, Christodoulou DK, Lazar D, Goldis A, O'Morain C, Fernandez A, Pereira S, Myers S, Sebastian S, Pedersen N, Olse J, Rubek Nielsen K, Schwartz D, Odes S, Almer S, Halfvarson J, Turk N, Cukovic-Cavka S, Nikulina I, Belousova E, Duricova D, Bortlik M, Shonová O, Salupere R, Barros L, Magro F, Jonaitis L, Kupcinskas L, Turcan S, Kaimakliotis I, Ladefoged K, Kudsk K, Andersen V, Vind I, Thorsgaard N, Oksanen P, Collin P, Dal Piaz G, Santini A, Niewiadomski O, Bell S, Moum B, Arebi N, Kjeldsen J, Carlsen K, Langholz E, Lakatos PL, Munkholm P, Gerdes LU, Dahlerup JF. Occurrence of Anaemia in the First Year of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in a European Population-based Inception Cohort-An ECCO-EpiCom Study. J Crohns Colitis 2017; 11:1213-1222. [PMID: 28575481 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjx077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Accepted: 05/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Anaemia is an important complication of inflammatory bowel disease [IBD]. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of anaemia and the practice of anaemia screening during the first year following diagnosis, in a European prospective population-based inception cohort. METHODS Newly diagnosed IBD patients were included and followed prospectively for 1 year in 29 European and one Australian centre. Clinical data including demographics, medical therapy, surgery and blood samples were collected. Anaemia was defined according to the World Health Organization criteria. RESULTS A total of 1871 patients (Crohn's disease [CD]: 686, 88%; ulcerative colitis [UC]: 1,021, 87%; IBD unclassified [IBDU] 164. 81%) were included in the study. The prevalence of anaemia was higher in CD than in UC patients and, overall, 49% of CD and 39% of UC patients experienced at least one instance of anaemia during the first 12 months after diagnosis. UC patients with more extensive disease and those from Eastern European countries, and CD patients with penetrating disease or colonic disease location, had higher risks of anaemia. CD and UC patients in need of none or only mild anti-inflammatory treatment had a lower risk of anaemia. In a significant proportion of patients, anaemia was not assessed until several months after diagnosis, and in almost half of all cases of anaemia a thorough work-up was not performed. CONCLUSIONS Overall, 42% of patients had at least one instance of anaemia during the first year following diagnosis. Most patients were assessed for anaemia regularly; however, a full anaemia work-up was frequently neglected in this community setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan Burisch
- Department of Gastroenterology, North Zealand University Hospital, Frederikssund, Denmark
| | - Zsuzsanna Vegh
- 1st Department of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Konstantinnos H Katsanos
- 1st Division of Internal Medicine and Hepato-Gastroenterology Unit, University Hospital, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Dimitrios K Christodoulou
- 1st Division of Internal Medicine and Hepato-Gastroenterology Unit, University Hospital, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Daniela Lazar
- Clinic of Gastroenterology, University of Medicine 'Victor Babes', Timisoara, Romania
| | - Adrian Goldis
- Clinic of Gastroenterology, University of Medicine 'Victor Babes', Timisoara, Romania
| | - Colm O'Morain
- Department of Gastroenterology, Adelaide and Meath Hospital, TCD, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Santos Pereira
- Department of Gastroenterology. Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Galicia Sur, Estrutura Organizativa de Xestión Integrada de Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | - Sally Myers
- IBD Unit, Hull & East Yorkshire NHS Trust, Hull, UK
| | | | - Natalia Pedersen
- Gastroenterology Department, Slagelse Hospital, Slagelse, Denmark
| | - Jóngerð Olse
- Medical Department, National Hospital of the Faroe Islands, Torshavn, Faroe Islands
| | - Kári Rubek Nielsen
- Medical Department, National Hospital of the Faroe Islands, Torshavn, Faroe Islands
| | - Doron Schwartz
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Soroka Medical Center and Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Selwyn Odes
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Soroka Medical Center and Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Sven Almer
- Department of Medicine, Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Center for Digestive Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jonas Halfvarson
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Niksa Turk
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Center Zagreb,Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Silvja Cukovic-Cavka
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Center Zagreb,Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Inna Nikulina
- Department of Gastroenterology, Moscow Regional Research Clinical Institute, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Elena Belousova
- Department of Gastroenterology, Moscow Regional Research Clinical Institute, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Dana Duricova
- IBD Clinical and Research Centre ISCARE, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Bortlik
- IBD Clinical and Research Centre ISCARE, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.,Institute of Pharmacology, 1st Medical Faculty, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Olga Shonová
- Gastroenterology Department, Hospital Ceské Budejovice, Ceské Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - Riina Salupere
- Division of Gastroenterology, Tartu University Hospital,Tartu, Estonia
| | - Louisa Barros
- Department of Medicine, Hospital de Vale de Sousa, Porto, Portugal
| | - Fernando Magro
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital de São João, Porto, Portugal.,Institute of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Oporto Medical School, Porto, Portugal.,Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Laimas Jonaitis
- Institute for Digestive Research, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Limas Kupcinskas
- Institute for Digestive Research, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Svetlana Turcan
- Department of Gastroenterology, State University of Medicine and Pharmacy of the Republic of Moldova, Chisinau, Republic of Moldova
| | | | - Karin Ladefoged
- Medical Department, Dronning Ingrids Hospital, Nuuk, Greenland
| | - Karen Kudsk
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Vibeke Andersen
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Laboratory Center, Hospital of Southern Jutland, Aabenraa, Denmark.,Institute of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Ida Vind
- Gastrounit, Medical Division, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark
| | - Niels Thorsgaard
- Department of Medicine, Herning Central Hospital, Herning, Denmark
| | - Pia Oksanen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Alimentary Tract Surgery, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Pekka Collin
- Department of Gastroenterology and Alimentary Tract Surgery, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Giulia Dal Piaz
- Dipartimento Medicina Specialistica Gastroenterologia ed Endoscopia Digestiva, Ospedale Morgagni - Pierantoni, Forlì, Italy
| | | | - Ola Niewiadomski
- Department of Gastroenterology, St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Sally Bell
- Department of Gastroenterology, St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Bjørn Moum
- Department of Gastroenterology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Naila Arebi
- St Mark's Hospital, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Jens Kjeldsen
- Department of Medical Gastroenterology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Katrine Carlsen
- Department of Pediatrics, Hvidovre University Hospital,Hvidovre, Denmark
| | - Ebbe Langholz
- Department of Gastroenterology, Herlev Univerisity Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | | | - Pia Munkholm
- Department of Gastroenterology, North Zealand University Hospital, Frederikssund, Denmark
| | | | - Jens Frederik Dahlerup
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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van Rheenen PF, Aloi M, Biron IA, Carlsen K, Cooney R, Cucchiara S, Cullen G, Escher JC, Kierkus J, Lindsay JO, Roma E, Russell RK, Sieczkowska-Golub J, Harbord M. European Crohn's and Colitis Organisation Topical Review on Transitional Care in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. J Crohns Colitis 2017; 11:1032-1038. [PMID: 28158494 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjx010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This European Crohn's and Colitis Organisation [ECCO] topical review focuses on the transition of adolescents with inflammatory bowel disease [IBD] from child-centred to adult-oriented care. The aim was to provide evidence-supported, expert consensus for health professionals taking part in the transition. METHODS An online survey determined the areas of importance for health professionals involved in the transition of adolescents with IBD. Thereafter an expert panel of nine paediatric and five adult gastroenterologists was formed to identify the critical elements of the transition programme, and to prepare core messages defined as 'current practice points'. There is limited literature about transition, therefore this review is mainly based on expert opinion and consensus, rather than on specific evidence. RESULTS A total of 21 practice points were generated before the first [online] voting round. Practice points that reached >80% agreement were accepted, while those that did not reach 80% agreement were refined during a consensus meeting and subjected to voting. Ultimately, 14 practice points were retained by this review. CONCLUSION We present a consensus-based framework for transitional care in IBD that provides a guidance for clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick F van Rheenen
- Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen,Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marina Aloi
- Paediatric Gastroenterology and Liver Unit, Sapienza University of Rome, University Hospital Umberto I, Rome, Italy
| | - Irit Avni Biron
- Department of Gastroenterology, Rabin Medical Center - Beilinson Hospital, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Katrine Carlsen
- Department of Paediatrics, Hvidovre University Hospital, Hvidovre, Denmark
| | - Rachel Cooney
- Department of Gastroenterology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital,Birmingham, UK
| | - Salvatore Cucchiara
- Paediatric Gastroenterology and Liver Unit, Sapienza University of Rome, University Hospital Umberto I, Rome, Italy
| | - Garret Cullen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Centre for Colorectal Disease, St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Johanna C Escher
- Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jaroslaw Kierkus
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Feeding Disorders and Paediatrics, Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - James O Lindsay
- Department of Gastroenterology, Barts Health NHS Trust, The Royal London Hospital, London, UK
| | - Eleftheria Roma
- First Department of Paediatrics, Gastroenterology Unit, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Richard K Russell
- Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology, The Royal Hospital for Children, Glasgow, UK
| | - Joanna Sieczkowska-Golub
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Feeding Disorders and Paediatrics, Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marcus Harbord
- Imperial College, London; and Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, UK
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Ankersen DV, Carlsen K, Marker D, Munkholm P, Burisch J. Using eHealth strategies in delivering dietary and other therapies in patients with irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2017; 32 Suppl 1:27-31. [PMID: 28244677 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.13691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Health-care systems around the world are facing increasing costs. Non-adherent, chronically ill patients are one such expense incurred by health-care providers. Web-based home-monitoring of patients-or eHealth-has been shown to increase adherence to medical therapy, facilitate contact between patients and health-care professionals, and reduce time to remission for patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Web-based treatment is a supportive tool for the health-care provider in an out-patient clinic. eHealth web-programs, such as the Constant Care application, visualize disease activity in a traffic light system and empower patients to screen for disease activity, enabling them to respond appropriately to their symptoms. The eHealth screening procedure for monitoring both pediatric and adult IBD patients is based on a self-obtained symptom score, together with a fecal biomarker for inflammation (fecal calprotectin) that the patients can measure independently using their smart phone, providing both patient and physician with an immediate disease status that they can react to instantaneously. Likewise, web applications for IBD patients, web applications for irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) patients and also IBD patients with co-existing IBS, have proven valuable for monitoring and treating IBS symptoms with a diet low in fermentable oligo-, di-, monosaccharides and polyols (low-FODMAP diet). With careful disease monitoring via the web application and increased patient adherence, eHealth might be capable of improving the natural disease course of IBD and IBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorit Vedel Ankersen
- Gastroenterology Department, North Zealand University Hospital, Frederikssund, Denmark
| | - Katrine Carlsen
- Pediatric Department, Hvidovre University Hospital, Hvidovre, Denmark
| | - Dorte Marker
- Gastroenterology Department, North Zealand University Hospital, Frederikssund, Denmark
| | - Pia Munkholm
- Gastroenterology Department, North Zealand University Hospital, Frederikssund, Denmark
| | - Johan Burisch
- Gastroenterology Department, North Zealand University Hospital, Frederikssund, Denmark
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12
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Skaaby T, Husemoen LLN, Thyssen JP, Meldgaard M, Thuesen BH, Pisinger C, Jørgensen T, Carlsen K, Johansen JD, Menné T, Szecsi PB, Stender S, Linneberg A. Filaggrin loss-of-function mutations and incident cancer: a population-based study. Br J Dermatol 2014; 171:1407-14. [PMID: 24628370 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.12969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Loss-of-function mutations in the filaggrin gene (FLG) could have opposing effects on cancer risk, as mutations are associated with both 10% higher serum vitamin D levels, which may protect against cancer, and with impaired skin barrier function, which may lead to higher cancer susceptibility. OBJECTIVES To investigate the association of the FLG genotype and cancer types in four population-based cohorts. METHODS A total of 13,376 individuals were genotyped for FLG mutations. Information on cancer was obtained from the Danish Cancer Registry. Persons with a history of cancer at baseline were excluded from prospective analyses. RESULTS There were 1339 incident cancers (median follow-up 11·4 years). The hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for FLG mutation carriers vs. wild types were: for any cancer (HR 0·95, 95% CI 0·78-1·16), any cancer excluding nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC) (HR 1·05, 95% CI 0·84-1·31), head and neck cancer (HR 1·72, 95% CI 0·71-4·15), colorectal cancer (HR 0·82, 95% CI 0·44-1·52), bronchus and lung cancer (HR 1·34, 95% CI 0·77-2·33), breast cancer (HR 0·58, 95% CI 0·30-1·14), uterine cancer (HR 0·42, 95% CI 0·06-3·10), prostate cancer (HR 1·09, 95% CI 0·61-1·94), urinary cancer (HR 1·30, 95% CI 0·51-3·29), malignant melanoma (HR 1·03, 95% CI 0·41-2·58) and NMSC (HR 0·70, 95% CI 0·47-1·05). Among participants aged over 60 years at baseline, we found statistically significant lower risks of all cancers and NMSC among FLG mutation carriers. CONCLUSIONS The only significant associations between FLG loss-of-function mutations and cancer were in subgroup analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Skaaby
- Research Centre for Prevention and Health, Glostrup University Hospital, Nordre Ringvej 57, DK-2600, Glostrup, Denmark
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13
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Lindbohm ML, Kuosma E, Taskila T, Hietanen P, Carlsen K, Gudbergsson S, Gunnarsdottir H. Early retirement and non-employment after breast cancer. Psychooncology 2013; 23:634-41. [PMID: 24347387 DOI: 10.1002/pon.3459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2013] [Revised: 09/09/2013] [Accepted: 11/11/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study examined whether workplace support, sociodemographic factors and co-morbidity are associated with early retirement or non-employment due to other reasons among breast cancer survivors. We also compared quality of life and chronic symptoms (pain, fatigue, anxiety and depression) among employed, retired and other non-employed breast cancer survivors. METHODS We identified breast cancer survivors diagnosed between 1997 and 2002 from either a hospital or a cancer registry in Denmark, Finland, Iceland and Norway (NOCWO study). All patients had been treated with curative intent. Information on employment, co-morbidity and support was collected via a questionnaire. The sample included 1111 working-aged cancer-free survivors who had been employed at the time of diagnosis. We used multinomial logistic regression models to analyse the association of various determinants with early retirement and other non-employment (due to unemployment, subsidized employment or being a homemaker). RESULTS Low education, low physical quality of life, co-morbidity and pain were associated with both early retirement and other non-employment after cancer. Other non-employed survivors also rated their mental quality of life as lower and experienced anxiety and fatigue more often than all the other survivors. Moreover, they reported a lower level of supervisor support after their diagnosis than the employed survivors. Retired survivors more often reported weak support from colleagues. CONCLUSIONS Differences in ill health and functional status between various groups of non-employed cancer survivors need to be considered when planning policy measures for improving the labour market participation of this population and preventing their early withdrawal from working life.
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Affiliation(s)
- M-L Lindbohm
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
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14
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Lindbohm ML, Taskila T, Kuosma E, Hietanen P, Carlsen K, Gudbergsson S, Gunnarsdottir H. Work ability of survivors of breast, prostate, and testicular cancer in Nordic countries: a NOCWO study. J Cancer Surviv 2011; 6:72-81. [PMID: 22042662 DOI: 10.1007/s11764-011-0200-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2011] [Accepted: 09/26/2011] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cancer can cause adverse effects on survivors' work ability. We compared the self-assessed work ability of breast, testicular, and prostate cancer survivors to that of people without cancer. We also investigated the association of disease-related and socio-demographic factors and job-related resources (organizational climate, social support, and avoidance behavior) with work ability and looked at whether these associations were different for the survivors and reference subjects. METHODS Working aged cancer patients diagnosed between 1997 and 2002 were identified from hospital or cancer registries in Denmark, Finland, Iceland, and Norway (Nordic Study on Cancer and Work). A cancer-free reference group was selected from population registries. We collected information on work ability and other factors from 1,490 employed survivors and 2,796 reference subjects via a questionnaire. RESULTS The adjusted mean value of work ability was slightly lower among the breast and prostate cancer survivors compared to the cancer-free population. Co-morbidity, chemotherapy, low workplace support, and low organizational commitment were associated with reduced work ability. Avoidance behavior from supervisors or colleagues was only related to work ability among the cancer survivors. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS More attention should be paid to assisting cancer survivors in work life, particularly those who have chronic diseases or have undergone chemotherapy. Although most factors affecting the work ability of the survivors and reference subjects were the same, survivors' work ability seemed to be particularly sensitive to avoidance behavior. The results suggest that there is a need to improve communication at the workplace and develop supportive leadership practices in order to avoid isolating behavior towards cancer survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- M-L Lindbohm
- Centre of Expertise for Health and Work Ability, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Topeliuksenkatu 41 a A, Helsinki, Finland.
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15
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Lindbohm ML, Kuosma E, Taskila T, Hietanen P, Carlsen K, Gudbergsson S, Gunnarsdottir H. Cancer as the cause of changes in work situation (a NOCWO study). Psychooncology 2010; 20:805-12. [PMID: 20623820 DOI: 10.1002/pon.1797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2009] [Revised: 06/01/2010] [Accepted: 06/01/2010] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the frequency of changes in work situation due to cancer and to analyze the association of physically demanding work, social support from supervisors, colleagues or occupational health services, and disease-related factors, with changing employers due to cancer. METHODS Working-aged patients with breast, testicular or prostate cancer, or lymphoma with a good prognosis between 1997 and 2002 were identified from a hospital or cancer registry in four Nordic countries. The registers provided data on the disease-related factors. Information on changes in work situation, received support, and other work-related factors was collected using a questionnaire (response rate 72%). The frequency of changes in work situation was evaluated among a total of 2030 survivors. Further analyses were carried out among 688 survivors using a multivariable logistic regression model, to investigate factors affecting the risk of changing employers due to cancer. RESULTS Altogether, 5-10% of cancer survivors had changed employers, occupations or work tasks, 5% had been unemployed, and 9% had retired due to cancer. The physical demands of previous work were the most important reason behind changing employers after cancer. Among women, weak support from supervisors and occupational health personnel increased the risk of changing employers because of cancer. CONCLUSIONS A minority of cancer survivors changed employers, occupations, or work tasks because of cancer. Supervisors' support in the form of lightening physically demanding jobs and taking illness into consideration when planning work tasks, and health-care workers' advice on coping at work may help survivors to maintain their jobs.
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Affiliation(s)
- M-L Lindbohm
- Centre of Expertise for Health and Work Ability, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland.
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Lang A, Carlsen KH, Haaland G, Devulapalli CS, Munthe-Kaas M, Mowinckel P, Carlsen K. Severe asthma in childhood: assessed in 10 year olds in a birth cohort study. Allergy 2008; 63:1054-60. [PMID: 18691307 DOI: 10.1111/j.1398-9995.2008.01672.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Limited information is available regarding the prevalence of severe asthma in children. The present study aimed at investigating the prevalence of severe asthma in an urban child population; secondarily evaluating the applicability of the chosen definition by clinical characteristics. METHODS Children enrolled in the prospective birth cohort; the Environment and Childhood Asthma Study in Oslo; were reinvestigated at the age of 10 years (n = 1019). A representative population based cohort of 616 children [mean age 10.9 (SD 0.9) years] with lung function measurements at birth was used for prevalence estimates, whereas all 1019 children (154 with current asthma) attending the 10-year follow-up were included for verification of the definition of severe asthma. Clinical investigations included spirometry, tests of bronchial hyperresponsiveness, skin prick tests and exhaled nitric oxide. Severe asthma was defined as poorly controlled asthma despite treatment with > or = 800 microg budesonide or equivalent; assessed by a detailed structured interview. RESULTS The population point prevalence at age 10 years of current severe asthma was 0.5% (three of 616) and among children with current asthma 4.5% (three of 67). The 10/154 children identified as suffering from severe asthma more often had severe bronchial hyperresponsiveness (PD(20) methacholine <1 micromol) (60%vs 22%, P = 0.015), lower median forced expiratory volume in 1 s/forced vital capacity ratio (93%vs 99%, P = 0.04) and higher body mass index (mean BMI 22.3 vs 18.3, P < 0.001) than nonsevere current asthmatics. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of severe asthma was 0.5% in all 10-year olds, and 4.5% among current asthmatics. The severe asthma definition applied in this study is supported by results of clinical investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Lang
- Department of Pediatrics, Ullevål University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
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Carlsen K. Childhood cancer in Britain. Br J Soc Med 2008. [DOI: 10.1136/jech.2007.064709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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18
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Pillai SG, Tang Y, van den Oord E, Klotsman M, Barnes K, Carlsen K, Gerritsen J, Lenney W, Silverman M, Sly P, Sundy J, Tsanakas J, von Berg A, Whyte M, Ortega HG, Anderson WH, Helms PJ. Factor analysis in the Genetics of Asthma International Network family study identifies five major quantitative asthma phenotypes. Clin Exp Allergy 2008; 38:421-9. [PMID: 18177490 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2222.2007.02918.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asthma is a clinically heterogeneous disease caused by a complex interaction between genetic susceptibility and diverse environmental factors. In common with other complex diseases the lack of a standardized scheme to evaluate the phenotypic variability poses challenges in identifying the contribution of genes and environments to disease expression. OBJECTIVE To determine the minimum number of sets of features required to characterize subjects with asthma which will be useful in identifying important genetic and environmental contributors. Methods Probands aged 7-35 years with physician diagnosed asthma and symptomatic siblings were identified in 1022 nuclear families from 11 centres in six countries forming the Genetics of Asthma International Network. Factor analysis was used to identify distinct phenotypes from questionnaire, clinical, and laboratory data, including baseline pulmonary function, allergen skin prick test (SPT). RESULTS Five distinct factors were identified:(1) baseline pulmonary function measures [forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV(1)) and forced vital capacity (FVC)], (2) specific allergen sensitization by SPT, (3) self-reported allergies, (4) symptoms characteristic of rhinitis and (5) symptoms characteristic of asthma. Replication in symptomatic siblings was consistent with shared genetic and/or environmental effects, and was robust across age groups, gender, and centres. Cronbach's alpha ranged from 0.719 to 0.983 suggesting acceptable internal scale consistencies. Derived scales were correlated with serum IgE, methacholine PC(20), age and asthma severity (interrupted sleep). IgE correlated with all three atopy-related factors, the strongest with the SPT factor whereas severity only correlated with baseline lung function, and with symptoms characteristic of rhinitis and of asthma. CONCLUSION In children and adolescents with established asthma, five distinct sets of correlated patient characteristics appear to represent important aspects of the disease. Factor scores as quantitative traits may be better phenotypes in epidemiological and genetic analyses than those categories derived from the presence or absence of combinations of +ve SPTs and/or elevated IgE.
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Affiliation(s)
- S G Pillai
- Medical Genetics, GlaxoSmithKline, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
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Koopmans PC, Roelen CAM, Koopmans PC, Groothoff JW, Steenland K, Pinkerton L, Gravseth HM, Kristensen P, Bjerkedal T, Irgens LM, Aalen OO, Selmer R, Santin G, Cohidon C, Imbernon I, Lindbohm ML, Martikainen R, Kuosma E, Taskila T, Hietanen P, Carlsen K, Gudbergsson SB, Gunnarsdottir HK, Schenker MB, Mitchell DC, Armitage TL. Precarious employment. Occup Environ Med 2007. [DOI: 10.1136/oem.64.12.e36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Dalton SO, Düring M, Ross L, Carlsen K, Mortensen PB, Lynch J, Johansen C. The relation between socioeconomic and demographic factors and tumour stage in women diagnosed with breast cancer in Denmark, 1983-1999. Br J Cancer 2006; 95:653-9. [PMID: 16909141 PMCID: PMC2360690 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6603294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The authors investigated the association between socioeconomic position and stage of breast cancer at the time of diagnosis in a nationwide Danish study. All 28 765 women with a primary invasive breast cancer diagnosed between 1983 and 1999 were identified in a nationwide clinical database and information on socioeconomic variables was obtained from Statistics Denmark. The risk of being diagnosed with a high-risk breast cancer, that is size >20 mm, lymph-node positive, ductal histology/high histologic grade and hormone receptor negative, was analysed by multivariate logistic regression. The adjusted odds ratio (OR) for high-risk breast cancer was reduced with longer education with a 12% reduced risk (95% confidence interval (CI), 0.80,0.96) in women with higher education and increased with reduced disposable income (low income group: OR, 1.22; 95% CI, 1.10,1.34). There was an urban–rural gradient, with higher risk among rural women (OR 1.10; 95 % CI, 1.02, 1.18) and lower risk among women in the capital suburbs (OR, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.78, 0.93) and capital area (OR, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.84–1.02). These factors were significant only for postmenopausal women, although similar patterns were observed among the premenopausal women, suggesting a subgroup of aggressive premenopausal breast cancers less influenced by socioeconomic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- S O Dalton
- Department for Psychosocial Cancer Research, Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Danish Cancer Society, Strandboulevarden 49, Copenhagen DK-2100, Denmark.
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Johansen JN, Christensen LS, Zakrzewska K, Carlsen K, Hornsleth A, Azzi A. Typing of European strains of parvovirus B19 by restriction endonuclease analyses and sequencing: identification of evolutionary lineages and evidence of recombination of markers from different lineages. Virus Res 1998; 53:215-23. [PMID: 9620213 DOI: 10.1016/s0168-1702(97)00151-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
European isolates of parvovirus B19 were analyzed by restriction enzyme analysis of PCR products of the VP1/2 coding region and sequencing of the same amplified region, five cloned fragments from each PCR product. Two main groupings were found based on three perfectly linked point deviations. On the assumption that identical point deviations causing the various restriction patterns regardless of time and origin of virus isolation were unlikely to emerge independently in different evolutionary lineages, traits of evolutionary lineages were identified, suggesting a clonal population structure of global circulating B19 strains. However, combinations of markers from different evolutionary lineages were also found, particularly in a strain derived from an individual chronically infected with B19 for more than 7 years. As chronically infected individuals might be subject to superinfections due to contacts or possibly due to blood transfusions or the administration of gamma-globulin, it is suggested that coexistence of, and recombination between variants of B19 of different phylogenetic origin incidentally occur in such individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- J N Johansen
- National University Hospital, Department of Clinical Microbiology, Copenhagen East, Denmark
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22
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Carlsen K. [Children with asthma--does society respond to the challenge?]. Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen 1995; 115:1482-3. [PMID: 7770849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
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Abstract
The phosphatidylinositol (PI) bound proteins (acetylcholin-esterase (ACE), decay accelerating factor (DAF), leucocyte function antigen type 3 (LFA-3) and Fc-receptor type III (FcRIII] were estimated by flow cytometry on blood cells from four patients with paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria (PNH), nine patients with 'non-PNH' haemolytic anaemia, four patients with aplastic anaemia and a reference group of 15 healthy individuals to assess the applicability of flow cytometric measurements in the clinical mapping of the PNH defect. Estimation of DAF on granulocytes or monocytes offered the highest diagnostic sensitivity and specificity and may constitute an easy screening method for the PNH defect. One PNH patient had a negative Ham's test at the time of study and normal or near normal levels of PI-bound proteins on erythrocytes, but reduced expression of DAF and FcRIII on granulocytes and DAF on monocytes. The analytical and biological coefficient of variation for flow cytometric estimation of PI-bound proteins was in the range of 4.8-13% and 12-24%, respectively. Blood samples should be analysed without delay, since storage produced spuriously high results. The results were expressed as molecules per cell after calibration with commercially available standards and validated by comparison with previously reported results obtained by other methods. It is proposed that this way of reporting flow cytometric results should be generally adopted to facilitate comparison of results between laboratories.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Plesner
- Department of Medicine and Haematology C, Gentofte Hospital, Hellerup, Denmark
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Carlsen K, Schou J. [Drug-induced contact eczema in a nursing staff]. Ugeskr Laeger 1985; 147:3905-6. [PMID: 2934884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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