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Gökçe E, Kaushal N, Fontanille T, Vrinceanu T, Saillant K, Vints WAJ, Freret T, Gauthier A, Bherer L, Langeard A. The mediating role of lower body muscle strength and IGF-1 level in the relationship between age and cognition. A MIDUS substudy. Exp Gerontol 2024; 189:112399. [PMID: 38484906 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2024.112399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Aging is a natural process associated with a decline in cognition. However, the mediating effect of physical function and circulating myokines on this relationship has yet to be fully clarified. This study investigated how muscle strength and circulating insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) levels mediate the relationship between age and cognitive functions. SUBJECTS AND METHODS A total of 1255 participants aged 25-74 years included in the Midlife in the United States II study were retrospectively analyzed. In this cross-sectional analysis, we applied a serial mediation model to explore the mediating effects of muscle strength and circulating IGF-1 levels on the relationship between age and cognitive functions. We included potential confounding factors related to sociodemographics, lifestyle, and health status as covariates in the model. RESULTS The results showed that aging had both direct and indirect effects on cognition. As predicted, muscle strength and IGF-1 levels mediated the relationship between age and specific cognitive functions. In addition, mediation analyses indicated that the association between aging and cognitive flexibility, immediate and delayed memory, and inductive reasoning were partially mediated by muscle strength and IGF-1 levels in a serial manner. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrated the serial multiple mediation roles of muscle strength and IGF-1 levels on the relationship between age and specific cognitive functions. Further longitudinal research should be performed to confirm the serial mediation results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evrim Gökçe
- Université de Caen Normandie, INSERM, CYCERON, CHU Caen, COMETE UMR 1075, Caen, France.
| | - Navin Kaushal
- School of Health & Human Sciences, Indiana University, Indiana, USA
| | - Theo Fontanille
- Université de Caen Normandie, INSERM, CYCERON, CHU Caen, COMETE UMR 1075, Caen, France
| | - Tudor Vrinceanu
- Research Center of the Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Kathia Saillant
- Research Center of the Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Psychology, Université du Québec à Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Wouter A J Vints
- Department of Health Promotion and Rehabilitation, Lithuanian Sports University, Kaunas, Lithuania; Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Research School CAPHRI, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Thomas Freret
- Université de Caen Normandie, INSERM, CYCERON, CHU Caen, COMETE UMR 1075, Caen, France
| | - Antoine Gauthier
- Université de Caen Normandie, INSERM, CYCERON, CHU Caen, COMETE UMR 1075, Caen, France
| | - Louis Bherer
- Research Center of the Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Antoine Langeard
- Université de Caen Normandie, INSERM, CYCERON, CHU Caen, COMETE UMR 1075, Caen, France
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Gaudreau-Majeau F, Gagnon C, Djedaa SC, Bérubé B, Malo J, Iglesies-Grau J, Gayda M, Bherer L, Besnier F. Cardiopulmonary rehabilitation's influence on cognitive functions, psychological state, and sleep quality in long COVID-19 patients: A randomized controlled trial. Neuropsychol Rehabil 2024:1-17. [PMID: 38607276 DOI: 10.1080/09602011.2024.2338613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
CLINICALTRIALS.GOV NCT05035628.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT05035628..
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavie Gaudreau-Majeau
- Research Center and Centre ÉPIC, Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Canada
- Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Christine Gagnon
- Research Center and Centre ÉPIC, Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Canada
| | - Sarah Clavet Djedaa
- Research Center and Centre ÉPIC, Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Canada
- Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Béatrice Bérubé
- Research Center and Centre ÉPIC, Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Canada
- Department of Psychology, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Jacques Malo
- Research Center and Centre ÉPIC, Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Josep Iglesies-Grau
- Research Center and Centre ÉPIC, Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Mathieu Gayda
- Research Center and Centre ÉPIC, Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Louis Bherer
- Research Center and Centre ÉPIC, Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
- Research Center, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Florent Besnier
- Research Center and Centre ÉPIC, Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
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Girault A, Leprêtre PM, Trachsel LD, Besnier F, Boidin M, Lalongé J, Juneau M, Bherer L, Nigam A, Gayda M. Determinants of V̇+O2peak Changes After Aerobic Training in Coronary Heart Disease Patients. Int J Sports Med 2024. [PMID: 38267005 DOI: 10.1055/a-2253-1807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to highlight the ventilatory and circulatory determinants of changes in ˙VO2peak after exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation (ECR) in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). Eighty-two CHD patients performed, before and after a 3-month ECR, a cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) on a bike with gas exchanges measurements (˙VO2peak, minute ventilation, i. e., ˙VE), and cardiac output (Q˙c). The arteriovenous difference in O2 (C(a-v¯)O2) and the alveolar capillary gradient in O2 (PAi-aO2) were calculated using Fick's laws. Oxygen uptake efficiency slope (OUES) was calculated. A 5.0% cut off was applied for differentiating non- (NR: ˙VO2<0.0%), low (LR: 0.0≤ ∆˙VO2<5.0%), moderate (MR: 5.0≤∆˙VO2 < 10.0%), and high responders (HR: ∆˙VO2≥10.0%) to ECR. A total of 44% of patients were HR (n=36), 20% MR (n=16), 23% LR (n=19), and 13% NR (n=11). For HR, the ˙VO2peak increase (p<0.01) was associated with increases in ˙VE (+12.8±13.0 L/min, p<0.01), (+1.0±0.9 L/min, p<0.01), and C(a-v¯)O2 (+2.3±2.5 mLO2/100 mL, p<0.01). MR patients were characterized by+6.7±19.7 L/min increase in ˙VE (p=0.04) and+0.7±1.0 L/min of Q˙c (p<0.01). ECR induced decreases in ˙VE (p=0.04) and C(a-v¯)O2 (p<0.01) and a Q˙c increase in LR and NR patients (p<0.01). Peripheral and ventilatory responses more than central adaptations could be responsible for the ˙VO2peak change with ECR in CHD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Axel Girault
- Preventive medicine and physical activity Center (ÉPIC), Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
- Unit Research Physiological Adaptations to Exercise and Physical Rehabilitation, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France
| | - Pierre-Marie Leprêtre
- Unit Research Physiological Adaptations to Exercise and Physical Rehabilitation, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France
- Unit of Cardiac Rehabilitation, Hospital Center of Corbie, Corbie, France
| | - Lukas-Daniel Trachsel
- University Clinic for Cardiology, Inselspital University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Florent Besnier
- Preventive medicine and physical activity Center (ÉPIC), Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Maxime Boidin
- Department of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Julie Lalongé
- Preventive medicine and physical activity Center (ÉPIC), Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Martin Juneau
- Preventive medicine and physical activity Center (ÉPIC), Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Louis Bherer
- Preventive medicine and physical activity Center (ÉPIC), Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Anil Nigam
- Preventive medicine and physical activity Center (ÉPIC), Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Mathieu Gayda
- Preventive medicine and physical activity Center (ÉPIC), Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
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Dupuy EG, Vincent T, Lecchino C, Boisvert A, Trépanier L, Nadeau S, de Guise E, Bherer L. Prefrontal engagement predicts the effect of museum visit on psychological well-being: an fNIRS exploration. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1263351. [PMID: 38501080 PMCID: PMC10944881 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1263351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent research suggests that museum visits can benefit psychological well-being by reducing symptoms of stress and anxiety. However, these reported relaxing effects remain inconsistent between studies. Shedding light on the underlying cerebral mechanisms of museum visits might support a better understanding of how it affects psychological well-being. This study aimed to investigate the prefrontal engagement evoked by artwork analysis during a museum visit and to determine if these prefrontal substrates are associated with the museum's effect on psychological well-being in older adults. Nineteen adults aged between 65 and 79, toured a Baroque-style exhibit at the Montreal Museum of Fine Arts for approximately 20 minutes while equipped with a near-infrared spectroscopy system measuring the prefrontal cortex's hemodynamic activity. For each painting, participants received the instruction to either (1): analyze the painting and produce a personal interpretation of its signification (analytic condition) or (2) visualize the painting without any specific thoughts (visualization condition). Questionnaires measuring stress, anxiety, and well-being were administered before and after the visit. Sixteen older women (71.5 ± 4 years) were included in the analyses. Results showed that, at the group level, the analytic condition was associated with an increased activation pattern in the left ventrolateral prefrontal region, typically related to attentional processes (not observed in the visualization condition). The activation associated with the analytic condition predicted pre-/post-visit reductions in self-reported anxiety and stress in the sample of older women. These observations suggest that the level of engagement of attentional processes during artwork analysis may play a major role in the effect of a museum's visit on self-reported symptoms of anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Gabrielle Dupuy
- Centre EPIC et centre de Recherche, Montreal Heart Insitute, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Département de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Thomas Vincent
- Centre EPIC et centre de Recherche, Montreal Heart Insitute, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Catia Lecchino
- Centre EPIC et centre de Recherche, Montreal Heart Insitute, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Département de Psychologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Annabelle Boisvert
- Centre EPIC et centre de Recherche, Montreal Heart Insitute, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Département de Psychologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Laurence Trépanier
- Département de Psychologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- CRIR—IURDPM, CIUSSS du Centre-Sud-de-l’Île-de-Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Sylvie Nadeau
- CRIR—IURDPM, CIUSSS du Centre-Sud-de-l’Île-de-Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- École de Réadaptation, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Elaine de Guise
- Département de Psychologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- CRIR—IURDPM, CIUSSS du Centre-Sud-de-l’Île-de-Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Louis Bherer
- Centre EPIC et centre de Recherche, Montreal Heart Insitute, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Département de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Centre de Recherche, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Vermette MJ, Prince F, Bherer L, Messier J. Concentrating to avoid falling: interaction between peripheral sensory and central attentional demands during a postural stability limit task in sedentary seniors. GeroScience 2024; 46:1181-1200. [PMID: 37482601 PMCID: PMC10828328 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-023-00860-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Evidence suggests falls and postural instabilities among seniors are attributed to a decline in both the processing of afferent signals (e.g., proprioceptive, vestibular) and attentional resources. We investigated the interaction between the non-visual and attentional demands of postural control in sedentary seniors. Old and young adults performed a postural stability limit task involving a maximal voluntary leaning movement with and without vision as well as a cognitive-attentional subtraction task. These tasks were performed alone (single-task) or simultaneously (dual-task) to vary the sensory-attentional demands. The functional limits of stability were quantified as the maximum center of pressure excursion during voluntary leaning. Seniors showed significantly smaller limits of postural stability compared to young adults in all sensory-attentional conditions. However, surprisingly, both groups of subjects reduced their stability limits by a similar amount when vision was removed. Furthermore, they similarly decreased their anterior-posterior stability limits when concurrently performing the postural and the cognitive-attentional tasks with vision. The overall average cognitive performance of young adults was higher than seniors and was only slightly affected during dual-tasking. In contrast, older adults markedly degraded their cognitive performance from the single- to the dual-task situations, especially when vision was unavailable. Thus, their dual-task costs were higher than those of young adults and increased in the eyes-closed condition, when postural control relied more heavily on non-visual sensory signals. Our findings provide the first evidence that as posture approaches its stability limits, sedentary seniors allot increasingly large cognitive attentional resources to process critical sensory inputs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Julie Vermette
- École de Kinésiologie et des Sciences de l'Activité Physique (EKSAP), Université de Montréal, 2100 Boul. Édouard-Montpetit, Montréal, QC, H3T 1J4, Canada
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM), 4545 Chemin Queen Mary, Montréal, QC, H3W 1W5, Canada
| | - François Prince
- Département de Chirurgie, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, CP6128, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC, H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Louis Bherer
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM), 4545 Chemin Queen Mary, Montréal, QC, H3W 1W5, Canada
- Département de Médecine, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Julie Messier
- École de Kinésiologie et des Sciences de l'Activité Physique (EKSAP), Université de Montréal, 2100 Boul. Édouard-Montpetit, Montréal, QC, H3T 1J4, Canada.
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM), 4545 Chemin Queen Mary, Montréal, QC, H3W 1W5, Canada.
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Herold F, Theobald P, Gronwald T, Kaushal N, Zou L, de Bruin ED, Bherer L, Müller NG. Alexa, let's train now! - A systematic review and classification approach to digital and home-based physical training interventions aiming to support healthy cognitive aging. J Sport Health Sci 2024; 13:30-46. [PMID: 36736727 PMCID: PMC10818117 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2023.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is mounting evidence that regular physical activity is an important prerequisite for healthy cognitive aging. Consequently, the finding that almost one-third of the adult population does not reach the recommended level of regular physical activity calls for further public health actions. In this context, digital and home-based physical training interventions might be a promising alternative to center-based intervention programs. Thus, this systematic review aimed to summarize the current state of the literature on the effects of digital and home-based physical training interventions on adult cognitive performance. METHODS In this pre-registered systematic review (PROSPERO; ID: CRD42022320031), 5 electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science, PsycInfo, SPORTDiscus, and Cochrane Library) were searched by 2 independent researchers (FH and PT) to identify eligible studies investigating the effects of digital and home-based physical training interventions on cognitive performance in adults. The systematic literature search yielded 8258 records (extra 17 records from other sources), of which 27 controlled trials were considered relevant. Two reviewers (FH and PT) independently extracted data and assessed the risk of bias using a modified version of the Tool for the assEssment of Study qualiTy and reporting in EXercise (TESTEX scale). RESULTS Of the 27 reviewed studies, 15 reported positive effects on cognitive and motor-cognitive outcomes (i.e., performance improvements in measures of executive functions, working memory, and choice stepping reaction test), and a considerable heterogeneity concerning study-related, population-related, and intervention-related characteristics was noticed. A more detailed analysis suggests that, in particular, interventions using online classes and technology-based exercise devices (i.e., step-based exergames) can improve cognitive performance in healthy older adults. Approximately one-half of the reviewed studies were rated as having a high risk of bias with respect to completion adherence (≤85%) and monitoring of the level of regular physical activity in the control group. CONCLUSION The current state of evidence concerning the effectiveness of digital and home-based physical training interventions is mixed overall, though there is limited evidence that specific types of digital and home-based physical training interventions (e.g., online classes and step-based exergames) can be an effective strategy for improving cognitive performance in older adults. However, due to the limited number of available studies, future high-quality studies are needed to buttress this assumption empirically and to allow for more solid and nuanced conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Herold
- Research Group Degenerative and Chronic Diseases, Movement, Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, University of Potsdam, Potsdam 14476, Germany; Body-Brain-Mind Laboratory, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
| | - Paula Theobald
- Research Group Degenerative and Chronic Diseases, Movement, Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, University of Potsdam, Potsdam 14476, Germany
| | - Thomas Gronwald
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, MSH Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg 20457, Germany
| | - Navin Kaushal
- Department of Health Sciences, School of Health & Human Sciences, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Liye Zou
- Research Group Degenerative and Chronic Diseases, Movement, Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, University of Potsdam, Potsdam 14476, Germany; Body-Brain-Mind Laboratory, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Eling D de Bruin
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Institute of Human Movement Sciences and Sport, ETH Zurich, Zurich 8093, Switzerland; Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences, and Society, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm 17177, Sweden; Department of Health, OST - Eastern Swiss University of Applied Sciences, St. Gallen 9001, Switzerland
| | - Louis Bherer
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC H1T 1C8, Canada; Department of Medicine, Universite de Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada; Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Geriatrie de Montreal, Montreal, QC H3W 1W5, Canada
| | - Notger G Müller
- Research Group Degenerative and Chronic Diseases, Movement, Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, University of Potsdam, Potsdam 14476, Germany; Body-Brain-Mind Laboratory, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
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Downey R, Gagné N, Mohanathas N, Campos JL, Pichora-Fuller KM, Bherer L, Lussier M, Phillips NA, Wittich W, St-Onge N, Gagné JP, Li K. At-home computerized executive-function training to improve cognition and mobility in normal-hearing adults and older hearing aid users: a multi-centre, single-blinded randomized controlled trial. BMC Neurol 2023; 23:378. [PMID: 37864139 PMCID: PMC10588173 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-023-03405-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hearing loss predicts cognitive decline and falls risk. It has been argued that degraded hearing makes listening effortful, causing competition for higher-level cognitive resources needed for secondary cognitive or motor tasks. Therefore, executive function training has the potential to improve cognitive performance, in turn improving mobility, especially when older adults with hearing loss are engaged in effortful listening. Moreover, research using mobile neuroimaging and ecologically valid measures of cognition and mobility in this population is limited. The objective of this research is to examine the effect of at-home cognitive training on dual-task performance using laboratory and simulated real-world conditions in normal-hearing adults and older hearing aid users. We hypothesize that executive function training will lead to greater improvements in cognitive-motor dual-task performance compared to a wait-list control group. We also hypothesize that executive function training will lead to the largest dual-task improvements in older hearing aid users, followed by normal-hearing older adults, and then middle-aged adults. METHODS A multi-site (Concordia University and KITE-Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network) single-blinded randomized controlled trial will be conducted whereby participants are randomized to either 12 weeks of at-home computerized executive function training or a wait-list control. Participants will consist of normal-hearing middle-aged adults (45-60 years old) and older adults (65-80 years old), as well as older hearing aid users (65-80 years old, ≥ 6 months hearing aid experience). Separate samples will undergo the same training protocol and the same pre- and post-evaluations of cognition, hearing, and mobility across sites. The primary dual-task outcome measures will involve either static balance (KITE site) or treadmill walking (Concordia site) with a secondary auditory-cognitive task. Dual-task performance will be assessed in an immersive virtual reality environment in KITE's StreetLab and brain activity will be measured using functional near infrared spectroscopy at Concordia's PERFORM Centre. DISCUSSION This research will establish the efficacy of an at-home cognitive training program on complex auditory and motor functioning under laboratory and simulated real-world conditions. This will contribute to rehabilitation strategies in order to mitigate or prevent physical and cognitive decline in older adults with hearing loss. TRIAL REGISTRATION Identifier: NCT05418998. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05418998.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Downey
- Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
- PERFORM Centre, Concordia University, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
| | - Nathan Gagné
- Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Niroshica Mohanathas
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- KITE-Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jennifer L Campos
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- KITE-Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Louis Bherer
- Département de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Centre de Recherche de L'Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Centre de Recherche de L'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Maxime Lussier
- Département de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Centre de Recherche de L'Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Natalie A Phillips
- Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- PERFORM Centre, Concordia University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Walter Wittich
- École d'optométrie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Nancy St-Onge
- PERFORM Centre, Concordia University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Health, Kinesiology and Applied Physiology, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jean-Pierre Gagné
- École d'orthophonie Et d'audiologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Karen Li
- Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- PERFORM Centre, Concordia University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
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Iglesies-Grau J, Dionne V, Latour É, Gayda M, Besnier F, Gagnon D, Debray A, Gagnon C, Pelletier V, Nigam A, L'Allier PL, Juneau M, Bouabdallaoui N, Bherer L. Mediterranean diet and time-restricted eating as a cardiac rehabilitation approach for patients with coronary heart disease and pre-diabetes: the DIABEPIC-1 protocol of a feasibility trial. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e073763. [PMID: 37848307 PMCID: PMC10582969 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-073763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Despite proven programmes, implementing lifestyle interventions for pre-diabetes and type 2 diabetes is challenging. Cardiac rehabilitation, provide a valuable opportunity to promote the adoption of healthy lifestyle behaviours for patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). However, only a limited number of studies have explored the potential for reversing the underlying causes of ASCVD in this setting. OBJECTIVES The DIABEPIC1 study is an ongoing single-arm lifestyle clinical trial to assess the feasibility of an upgraded 6-month intensive cardiac rehabilitation programme combining an innovative diet assignment with exercise training to reverse newly onset pre-diabetes (glycated haemoglobin 5.7%-6.4%) to normal glucose concentrations in patients with coronary heart disease. METHODS AND ANALYSIS 36 patients referred from the Montreal Heart Institute for cardiac rehabilitation, aged ≥40 years with a recent diagnosis of pre-diabetes in the last 6 months, will be offered to participate in the upgraded programme. Interventions will include four sessions of nutritional counselling on ultra-processed foods intake reduction and a moderate-carbohydrate (<40%) ad libitum Mediterranean diet coupled with 36 1-hour sessions of supervised exercise training (continuous and interval aerobic training, and resistance training) and educational intervention. Phase 2 will continue the same interventions adding 8:16 hour time-restricting eating (TRE) at least 5 days per week. During this second phase, exercise training will be performed with autonomy. The primary objectives will be to evaluate the recruitment rate, the completion rates at 3 and 6 months, and the compliance of participants. The secondary objectives will be to assess the proportion of prediabetic participants in remission of pre-diabetes at the programme's end and to characterise the factors associated with remission. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The DIABEPIC1 feasibility study is approved by the Research Ethics Board of the Montreal Heart Institute (Project Number ICM 2022-3005). Written informed consent will be obtained from each participant prior to inclusion. Results will be available through research articles and conferences. CONCLUSIONS The DIABEPIC1 trial will examine the feasibility and effectiveness of an enhanced cardiac rehabilitation programme combining exercise training with an ultra-processed food reduction intervention, a Mediterranean diet, and TRE counselling to remit pre-diabetes to normal glucose concentrations. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT05459987.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josep Iglesies-Grau
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Québec, Canada
- Research Center and Centre ÉPIC, Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Valérie Dionne
- Research Center and Centre ÉPIC, Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Élise Latour
- Research Center and Centre ÉPIC, Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Mathieu Gayda
- Research Center and Centre ÉPIC, Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Université de Montréal, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | | | - Daniel Gagnon
- Research Center and Centre ÉPIC, Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Université de Montréal, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Amélie Debray
- Research Center and Centre ÉPIC, Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Christine Gagnon
- Research Center and Centre ÉPIC, Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Véronique Pelletier
- Research Center and Centre ÉPIC, Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Anil Nigam
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Québec, Canada
- Research Center and Centre ÉPIC, Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Philippe L L'Allier
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Québec, Canada
- Research Center and Centre ÉPIC, Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Martin Juneau
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Québec, Canada
- Research Center and Centre ÉPIC, Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Nadia Bouabdallaoui
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Québec, Canada
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Louis Bherer
- Research Center and Centre ÉPIC, Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Université de Montréal, Montreal, Québec, Canada
- Research Center, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
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9
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Belleville S, Cuesta M, Bieler-Aeschlimann M, Giacomino K, Widmer A, Hager AGM, Perez-Marcos D, Cardin S, Boller B, Bier N, Aubertin-Leheudre M, Bherer L, Berryman N, Agrigoroaei S, Demonet JF. Correction to: Pre-frail older adults show improved cognition with StayFitLonger computerized home-based training: a randomized controlled trial. GeroScience 2023; 45:3099-3100. [PMID: 37458935 PMCID: PMC10643781 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-023-00868-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sylvie Belleville
- Research Centre, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, CIUSSS du Centre-Sud-de-L'Île-de-Montréal, 4565, Queen-Mary Road, Montreal, Quebec, H3W 1W5, Canada.
- Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada.
| | - M Cuesta
- Research Centre, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, CIUSSS du Centre-Sud-de-L'Île-de-Montréal, 4565, Queen-Mary Road, Montreal, Quebec, H3W 1W5, Canada
| | - M Bieler-Aeschlimann
- Leenaards Memory Centre and Infections Disease Service, University Hospital of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- MindMaze SA, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - K Giacomino
- HES-SO Valais-Wallis, School of Health Sciences, Loèche-les-Bains, Switzerland
| | - A Widmer
- HES-SO Valais-Wallis, School of Management, Sierre, Switzerland
| | - A G Mittaz Hager
- HES-SO Valais-Wallis, School of Health Sciences, Loèche-les-Bains, Switzerland
| | | | - S Cardin
- MindMaze SA, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - B Boller
- Research Centre, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, CIUSSS du Centre-Sud-de-L'Île-de-Montréal, 4565, Queen-Mary Road, Montreal, Quebec, H3W 1W5, Canada
- Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivieres, Canada
| | - N Bier
- Research Centre, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, CIUSSS du Centre-Sud-de-L'Île-de-Montréal, 4565, Queen-Mary Road, Montreal, Quebec, H3W 1W5, Canada
- Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - M Aubertin-Leheudre
- Research Centre, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, CIUSSS du Centre-Sud-de-L'Île-de-Montréal, 4565, Queen-Mary Road, Montreal, Quebec, H3W 1W5, Canada
- Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - L Bherer
- Research Centre, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, CIUSSS du Centre-Sud-de-L'Île-de-Montréal, 4565, Queen-Mary Road, Montreal, Quebec, H3W 1W5, Canada
- Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
- Montréal Heart Institute, Montreal, Canada
| | - N Berryman
- Research Centre, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, CIUSSS du Centre-Sud-de-L'Île-de-Montréal, 4565, Queen-Mary Road, Montreal, Quebec, H3W 1W5, Canada
- Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - S Agrigoroaei
- Psychological Sciences Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - J F Demonet
- Leenaards Memory Centre and Infections Disease Service, University Hospital of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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10
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Frimpong E, Mograss M, Zvionow T, Paez A, Aubertin-Leheudre M, Bherer L, Pepin V, Robertson EM, Dang-Vu TT. Acute evening high-intensity interval training may attenuate the detrimental effects of sleep restriction on long-term declarative memory. Sleep 2023; 46:zsad119. [PMID: 37084788 PMCID: PMC10334486 DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsad119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent evidence shows that a nap and acute exercise synergistically enhanced memory. Additionally, human-based cross-sectional studies and animal experiments suggest that physical exercise may mitigate the cognitive impairments of poor sleep quality and sleep restriction, respectively. We evaluated whether acute exercise may offset sleep restriction's impairment of long-term declarative memory compared to average sleep alone. A total of 92 (82% females) healthy young adults (24.6 ± 4.2 years) were randomly allocated to one of four evening groups: sleep restriction only (S5, 5-6 h/night), average sleep only (S8, 8-9 h/night), high-intensity interval training (HIIT) before restricted sleep (HIITS5), or HIIT before average sleep (HIITS8). Groups either followed a 15-min remote HIIT video or rest period in the evening (7:00 p.m.) prior to encoding 80 face-name pairs. Participants completed an immediate retrieval task in the evening. The next morning a delayed retrieval task was given after their subjectively documented sleep opportunities. Long-term declarative memory performance was assessed with the discriminability index (d') during the recall tasks. While our results showed that the d' of S8 (0.58 ± 1.37) was not significantly different from those of HIITS5 (-0.03 ± 1.64, p = 0.176) and HIITS8 (-0.20 ± 1.28, p = 0.092), there was a difference in d' compared to S5 (-0.35 ± 1.64, p = 0.038) at the delayed retrieval. These results suggest that the acute evening HIIT partially reduced the detrimental effects of sleep restriction on long-term declarative memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Frimpong
- Sleep, Cognition and Neuroimaging Laboratory, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Health, Kinesiology, and Applied Physiology, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- PERFORM Center, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Centre de Recherche de l’Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Melodee Mograss
- Sleep, Cognition and Neuroimaging Laboratory, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Health, Kinesiology, and Applied Physiology, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- PERFORM Center, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Centre de Recherche de l’Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Tehila Zvionow
- Sleep, Cognition and Neuroimaging Laboratory, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Health, Kinesiology, and Applied Physiology, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- PERFORM Center, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Arsenio Paez
- Sleep, Cognition and Neuroimaging Laboratory, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Health, Kinesiology, and Applied Physiology, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- PERFORM Center, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Mylene Aubertin-Leheudre
- Centre de Recherche de l’Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, QC, Canada
- Département des Sciences de l’activité physique, GRAPA, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Louis Bherer
- Centre de Recherche de l’Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Medicine and Centre de recherche de l’Institut de cardiologie de Montréal, Université de Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Véronique Pepin
- Department of Health, Kinesiology, and Applied Physiology, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- PERFORM Center, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Centre de recherche, CIUSSS du Nord-de l’Île-de-Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Edwin M Robertson
- School of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Thien Thanh Dang-Vu
- Sleep, Cognition and Neuroimaging Laboratory, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Health, Kinesiology, and Applied Physiology, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- PERFORM Center, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Centre de Recherche de l’Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, QC, Canada
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11
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Montero-Odasso M, Zou G, Speechley M, Almeida QJ, Liu-Ambrose T, Middleton LE, Camicioli R, Bray NW, Li KZH, Fraser S, Pieruccini-Faria F, Berryman N, Lussier M, Shoemaker JK, Son S, Bherer L. Effects of Exercise Alone or Combined With Cognitive Training and Vitamin D Supplementation to Improve Cognition in Adults With Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Netw Open 2023; 6:e2324465. [PMID: 37471089 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.24465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Importance Exercise, cognitive training, and vitamin D may enhance cognition in older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Objective To determine whether aerobic-resistance exercises would improve cognition relative to an active control and if a multidomain intervention including exercises, computerized cognitive training, and vitamin D supplementation would show greater improvements than exercise alone. Design, Setting, and Participants This randomized clinical trial (the SYNERGIC Study) was a multisite, double-masked, fractional factorial trial that evaluated the effects of aerobic-resistance exercise, computerized cognitive training, and vitamin D on cognition. Eligible participants were between ages 65 and 84 years with MCI enrolled from September 19, 2016, to April 7, 2020. Data were analyzed from February 2021 to December 2022. Interventions Participants were randomized to 5 study arms and treated for 20 weeks: arm 1 (multidomain intervention with exercise, cognitive training, and vitamin D), arm 2 (exercise, cognitive training, and placebo vitamin D), arm 3 (exercise, sham cognitive training, and vitamin D), arm 4 (exercise, sham cognitive training, and placebo vitamin D), and arm 5 (control group with balance-toning exercise, sham cognitive training, and placebo vitamin D). The vitamin D regimen was a 10 000 IU dose 3 times weekly. Main Outcomes and Measures Primary outcomes were changes in ADAS-Cog-13 and Plus variant at 6 months. Results Among 175 randomized participants (mean [SD] age, 73.1 [6.6] years; 86 [49.1%] women), 144 (82%) completed the intervention and 133 (76%) completed the follow-up (month 12). At 6 months, all active arms (ie, arms 1 through 4) with aerobic-resistance exercise regardless of the addition of cognitive training or vitamin D, improved ADAS-Cog-13 when compared with control (mean difference, -1.79 points; 95% CI, -3.27 to -0.31 points; P = .02; d = 0.64). Compared with exercise alone (arms 3 and 4), exercise and cognitive training (arms 1 and 2) improved the ADAS-Cog-13 (mean difference, -1.45 points; 95% CI, -2.70 to -0.21 points; P = .02; d = 0.39). No significant improvement was found with vitamin D. Finally, the multidomain intervention (arm 1) improved the ADAS-Cog-13 score significantly compared with control (mean difference, -2.64 points; 95% CI, -4.42 to -0.80 points; P = .005; d = 0.71). Changes in ADAS-Cog-Plus were not significant. Conclusions and Relevance In this clinical trial, older adults with MCI receiving aerobic-resistance exercises with sequential computerized cognitive training significantly improved cognition, although some results were inconsistent. Vitamin D supplementation had no effect. Our findings suggest that this multidomain intervention may improve cognition and potentially delay dementia onset in MCI. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02808676.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Montero-Odasso
- Gait and Brain Lab, Parkwood Institute, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Division of Geriatric, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Guangyong Zou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
- Robarts Research Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mark Speechley
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Quincy J Almeida
- Carespace Health & Wellness, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
- Movement Disorders Research & Rehabilitation Centre, Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Teresa Liu-Ambrose
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Laura E Middleton
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Richard Camicioli
- Department of Medicine, Division of Neurology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Nick W Bray
- Gait and Brain Lab, Parkwood Institute, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada
- School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Karen Z H Li
- PERFORM Centre and Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sarah Fraser
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Nicolas Berryman
- Département des sciences de l'activité physique Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
- Research Centre, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Maxime Lussier
- Research Centre, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
- Integrated Health and Social Services University Network for South-Central Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - J Kevin Shoemaker
- School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Surim Son
- Gait and Brain Lab, Parkwood Institute, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Louis Bherer
- Research Centre, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
- Research Centre, Montreal Heart Institute, and Department of Medicine, University of Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
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12
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Bray NW, Pieruccini-Faria F, Witt ST, Bartha R, Doherty TJ, Nagamatsu LS, Almeida QJ, Liu-Ambrose T, Middleton LE, Bherer L, Montero-Odasso M. Combining exercise with cognitive training and vitamin D 3 to improve functional brain connectivity (FBC) in older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Results from the SYNERGIC trial. GeroScience 2023:10.1007/s11357-023-00805-6. [PMID: 37162700 PMCID: PMC10170058 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-023-00805-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Changes in functional brain connectivity (FBC) may indicate how lifestyle modifications can prevent the progression to dementia; FBC identifies areas that are spatially separate but temporally synchronized in their activation and is altered in those with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), a prodromal state between healthy cognitive aging and dementia. Participants with MCI were randomly assigned to one of five study arms. Three times per week for 20-weeks, participants performed 30-min of (control) cognitive training, followed by 60-min of (control) physical exercise. Additionally, a vitamin D3 (10,000 IU/pill) or a placebo capsule was ingested three times per week for 20-weeks. Using the CONN toolbox, we measured FBC change (Post-Pre) across four statistical models that collapsed for and/or included some or all study arms. We conducted Pearson correlations between FBC change and changes in physical and cognitive functioning. Our sample included 120 participants (mean age: 73.89 ± 6.50). Compared to the pure control, physical exercise (model one; p-False Discovery Rate (FDR) < 0.01 & < 0.05) with cognitive training (model two; p-FDR = < 0.001), and all three interventions combined (model four; p-FDR = < 0.01) demonstrated an increase in FBC between regions of the Default-Mode Network (i.e., hippocampus and angular gyrus). After controlling for false discovery rate, there were no significant correlations between change in connectivity and change in cognitive or physical function. Physical exercise alone appears to be as efficacious as combined interventional strategies in altering FBC, but implications for behavioral outcomes remain unclear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nick W Bray
- Cumming School of Medicine, Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 1N4, Canada.
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 1N4, Canada.
- Gait and Brain Lab, Parkwood Institute, Lawson Health Research Institute, 550 Wellington Road, Room A3-116, London, ON, N6C-0A7, Canada.
| | - Frederico Pieruccini-Faria
- Gait and Brain Lab, Parkwood Institute, Lawson Health Research Institute, 550 Wellington Road, Room A3-116, London, ON, N6C-0A7, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Division of Geriatric Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, N6A-5C1, Canada
| | - Suzanne T Witt
- BrainsCAN, Western University, London, ON, N6A-3K7, Canada
| | - Robert Bartha
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, N6A-5C1, Canada
- Robarts Research Institute, Western University, London, ON, N6A-5B7, Canada
| | - Timothy J Doherty
- Department of Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, N6A-5C1, Canada
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, N6A-5C1, Canada
| | - Lindsay S Nagamatsu
- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Kinesiology, Western University, London, ON, N6G-2V4, Canada
| | - Quincy J Almeida
- Faculty of Science, Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, ON, N2L-3C5, Canada
| | - Teresa Liu-Ambrose
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T-1Z3, Canada
- Centre for Aging SMART at Vancouver Coastal Health, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Laura E Middleton
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, N2L-3G1, Canada
| | - Louis Bherer
- Department of Medicine, University of Montréal, Montréal, QC, H3T-1J4, Canada
- Research Centre, Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, QC, H1T-1C8, Canada
| | - Manuel Montero-Odasso
- Gait and Brain Lab, Parkwood Institute, Lawson Health Research Institute, 550 Wellington Road, Room A3-116, London, ON, N6C-0A7, Canada.
- Department of Medicine, Division of Geriatric Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, N6A-5C1, Canada.
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, N6A-5C1, Canada.
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13
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Besnier F, Gagnon C, Monnet M, Dupuy O, Nigam A, Juneau M, Bherer L, Gayda M. Acute Effects of a Maximal Cardiopulmonary Exercise Test on Cardiac Hemodynamic and Cerebrovascular Response and Their Relationship with Cognitive Performance in Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:ijerph20085552. [PMID: 37107835 PMCID: PMC10138481 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20085552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases are prevalent in individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Among people with T2D aged over 70 years, up to 45% might have cognitive dysfunction. Cardiorespiratory fitness (V˙O2max) correlates with cognitive performances in healthy younger and older adults, and individuals with cardiovascular diseases (CVD). The relationship between cognitive performances, V˙O2max, cardiac output and cerebral oxygenation/perfusion responses during exercise has not been studied in patients with T2D. Studying cardiac hemodynamics and cerebrovascular responses during a maximal cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) and during the recovery phase, as well as studying their relationship with cognitive performances could be useful to detect patients at greater risk of future cognitive impairment. Purposes: (1) to compare cerebral oxygenation/perfusion during a CPET and during its post-exercise period (recovery); (2) to compare cognitive performances in patients with T2D to those in healthy controls; and (3) to examine if V˙O2max, maximal cardiac output and cerebral oxygenation/perfusion are associated with cognitive function in individuals with T2D and healthy controls. Nineteen patients with T2D (61.9 ± 7 years old) and 22 healthy controls (HC) (61.8 ± 10 years old) were evaluated on the following: a CPET test with impedance cardiography and cerebral oxygenation/perfusion using a near-infrared spectroscopy. Prior to the CPET, the cognitive performance assessment was performed, targeting: short-term and working memory, processing speed, executive functions, and long-term verbal memory. Patients with T2D had lower V˙O2max values compared to HC (34.5 ± 5.6 vs. 46.4 ± 7.6 mL/kg fat free mass/min; p < 0.001). Compared to HC, patients with T2D showed lower maximal cardiac index (6.27 ± 2.09 vs. 8.70 ± 1.09 L/min/m2, p < 0.05) and higher values of systemic vascular resistance index (826.21 ± 308.21 vs. 583.35 ± 90.36 Dyn·s/cm5·m2) and systolic blood pressure at maximal exercise (204.94 ± 26.21 vs. 183.61 ± 19.09 mmHg, p = 0.005). Cerebral HHb during the 1st and 2nd min of recovery was significantly higher in HC compared to T2D (p < 0.05). Executive functions performance (Z score) was significantly lower in patients with T2D compared to HC (-0.18 ± 0.7 vs. -0.40 ± 0.60, p = 0.016). Processing speed, working and verbal memory performances were similar in both groups. Brain tHb during exercise and recovery (-0.50, -0.68, p < 0.05), and O2Hb during recovery (-0.68, p < 0.05) only negatively correlated with executive functions performance in patients with T2D (lower tHb values associated with longer response times, indicating a lower performance). In addition to reduced V˙O2max, cardiac index and elevated vascular resistance, patients with T2D showed reduced cerebral hemoglobin (O2Hb and HHb) during early recovery (0-2 min) after the CPET, and lower performances in executive functions compared to healthy controls. Cerebrovascular responses to the CPET and during the recovery phase could be a biological marker of cognitive impairment in T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florent Besnier
- Research Centre and Centre ÉPIC, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC H1T 1N6, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Christine Gagnon
- Research Centre and Centre ÉPIC, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC H1T 1N6, Canada
| | - Meghann Monnet
- Laboratory MOVE (UR 20296), Faculty of Sport Sciences, Université de Poitiers, 86073 Poitiers, France
| | - Olivier Dupuy
- Laboratory MOVE (UR 20296), Faculty of Sport Sciences, Université de Poitiers, 86073 Poitiers, France
- School of Kinesiology and Physical Activity Sciences (EKSAP), Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Anil Nigam
- Research Centre and Centre ÉPIC, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC H1T 1N6, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Martin Juneau
- Research Centre and Centre ÉPIC, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC H1T 1N6, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Louis Bherer
- Research Centre and Centre ÉPIC, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC H1T 1N6, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
- Research Centre, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3W 1W5, Canada
| | - Mathieu Gayda
- Research Centre and Centre ÉPIC, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC H1T 1N6, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
- Correspondence:
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14
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Iglesies-Grau J, Dionne V, Latour É, Lamoureux K, Pelletier V, Bisaillon M, Tessier G, Bertholet J, Guilbeault V, Berthiaume A, Aubut L, Hamrioui N, Morissette MH, Gagnon C, Simard F, Nigam A, L'Allier PL, Bherer L, Bouabdallaoui N, Juneau M. IMPACT OF MULTIPLE LIFESTYLE INTERVENTIONS ON METABOLIC HEALTH AND REMISSION OF PREDIABETES AND TYPE 2 DIABETES: A TWO-YEAR CLINICAL EXPERIENCE. Am J Prev Cardiol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpc.2022.100397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
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15
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Iglesies-Grau J, Dionne V, Bherer L, Bouabdallaoui N, Aubut L, Besnier F, Bertholet J, Berthiaume A, Bisaillon M, Gayda M, Gagnon C, Hamrioui N, Latour É, L'Allier PL, Marie-Hélène MC, Nigam A, Pelletier V, Tessier G, Juneau M. Metabolic Improvements and Remission of Prediabetes and Type 2 Diabetes: Results From a Multidomain Lifestyle Intervention Clinic. Can J Diabetes 2023; 47:185-189. [PMID: 36402709 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcjd.2022.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Although lifestyle interventions are first-line treatment for individuals living with prediabetes and type 2 diabetes (T2D), they are rarely implemented effectively in routine clinical care. METHODS We present a retrospective analysis of a 12-month, single-centre, structured multidomain lifestyle intervention clinic offered to individuals living with prediabetes and type 2 diabetes. The intervention consisted of expert-guided educational and nutritional counselling combined with a personalized physical exercise prescription, with the main goal of improving metabolic health and reaching remission. Anthropometric parameters, glucose, basal insulin, glycated hemoglobin (A1C), and lipid levels were measured at baseline and at 3, 6, and 12 months after the lifestyle intervention initiation. Remission of prediabetes and T2D were defined as a return of A1C at 6 months to <6.5% (or <5.7% for prediabetes) and persisting for at least 3 months in the absence of glucose-lowering pharmacotherapy. RESULTS After a multidomain, expert-guided lifestyle intervention, 117 individuals living with prediabetes and T2D had significantly improved metabolic profiles: Mean weight change at 12 months was -4.9 kg (95% confidence interval [CI], -4.0 to -5.7; p<0.001), and mean change in A1C at 12 months was -0.6% (95% CI, -0.4 to -0.7; p<0.001). A substantial proportion of individuals reached the criteria for remission (20% among participants with prediabetes and 12% among those with T2D). CONCLUSIONS The results of this study suggest that prioritizing lifestyle changes in a multifaceted, progressive, 12-month intervention in this population improves anthropometric and insulin resistance measures, and has the potential to normalize metabolic values, even to the point of reaching the criteria of remission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josep Iglesies-Grau
- Centre EPIC and Research Centre, Montréal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
| | - Valérie Dionne
- Centre EPIC and Research Centre, Montréal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Louis Bherer
- Centre EPIC and Research Centre, Montréal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Research Centre, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Nadia Bouabdallaoui
- Centre EPIC and Research Centre, Montréal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Lise Aubut
- Centre EPIC and Research Centre, Montréal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Florent Besnier
- Centre EPIC and Research Centre, Montréal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Johanne Bertholet
- Centre EPIC and Research Centre, Montréal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Annie Berthiaume
- Centre EPIC and Research Centre, Montréal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Marc Bisaillon
- Centre EPIC and Research Centre, Montréal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Mathieu Gayda
- Centre EPIC and Research Centre, Montréal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Christine Gagnon
- Centre EPIC and Research Centre, Montréal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Nacima Hamrioui
- Centre EPIC and Research Centre, Montréal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Élise Latour
- Centre EPIC and Research Centre, Montréal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Philippe L L'Allier
- Centre EPIC and Research Centre, Montréal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | | | - Anil Nigam
- Centre EPIC and Research Centre, Montréal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Véronique Pelletier
- Centre EPIC and Research Centre, Montréal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Geneviève Tessier
- Centre EPIC and Research Centre, Montréal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Martin Juneau
- Centre EPIC and Research Centre, Montréal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
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16
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Bherer L, Besnier F, Blanchette CA. Benefits of Cardiac Rehabilitation Programs, Physical Exercise, and Cognitive Training on Cognitive Deficits in Cardiovascular Diseases. Can J Cardiol 2023; 39:222-224. [PMID: 36336307 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2022.10.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Louis Bherer
- Research Center and Centre ÉPIC, Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Research Center, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada.
| | - Florent Besnier
- Research Center and Centre ÉPIC, Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Caroll-Ann Blanchette
- Research Center and Centre ÉPIC, Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
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17
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Gagnon C, Bherer L. The Role of Neuropsychology in Adult Cardiology. Can J Cardiol 2023; 39:225-228. [PMID: 36370983 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2022.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Christine Gagnon
- Research Center and Centre ÉPIC, Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Louis Bherer
- Research Center and Centre ÉPIC, Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Research Center, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
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18
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Pothier K, Kaushal N, Vrinceanu T, Lussier M, Bailly N, Comte F, Vu TTM, Berryman N, Bherer L. Bridging the Gap between Research and the Community: Implementing Physical and Cognitive Interventions to Improve Spontaneous Walking Speed in Older Adults. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 20:762. [PMID: 36613083 PMCID: PMC9819086 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20010762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The application of interventions to enhance mobility in ecological settings remain understudied. This study was developed to evaluate the feasibility of training methods in a community centre and to evaluate their impact on mobility outcomes. Fifty-four participants were randomized to one of three 12-week training programs (three times/week): aerobic (AE), gross motor abilities (GMA) or cognitive (COG). Feasibility was evaluated by calculating adherence, feedback from participants and long-term participation. The impact of these interventions on mobility was assessed by comparing pre- and post-program on Timed-up-and-go (TUG) and spontaneous walking speed (SWS) performances. Results showed relatively high rates of adherence (85.1%) and long-term participation (66.7%), along with favorable feedbacks. SWS significantly improved in COG (0.10 ± 0.11 m.s-1; p = 0.004) and AE (0.06 ± 0.11 m.s-1; p = 0.017) groups, and TUG performance was maintained in all groups. Results of this feasibility study demonstrated successful implementation of physical and cognitive training programs, encouraging the development of real-world applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristell Pothier
- Department of Psychology, PAVeA Laboratory (EA 2114), University of Tours, 37041 Tours, France
- Research Centre, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3W 1W5, Canada
| | - Navin Kaushal
- Department of Health Sciences, School of Health and Human Sciences, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Tudor Vrinceanu
- Research Centre, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3W 1W5, Canada
- Research Centre, Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, QC H1T 1C8, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Maxime Lussier
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Nathalie Bailly
- Department of Psychology, PAVeA Laboratory (EA 2114), University of Tours, 37041 Tours, France
| | - Francis Comte
- Research Centre, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3W 1W5, Canada
| | - Thien Tuong Minh Vu
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
- Research Centre, Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Nicolas Berryman
- Research Centre, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3W 1W5, Canada
- Département des Sciences de l’Activité Physique, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC H2X 1Y4, Canada
| | - Louis Bherer
- Research Centre, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3W 1W5, Canada
- Research Centre, Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, QC H1T 1C8, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
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19
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Gabrielle Dupuy E, Besnier F, Gagnon C, Breton J, Vincent T, Grégoire CA, Lecchino C, Payer M, Bérubé B, Olmand M, Levesque M, Bouabdallaoui N, Iglesies-Grau J, Juneau M, Vitali P, Gayda M, Nigam A, Bherer L. Cardiorespiratory Fitness Moderates the Age-Related Association Between Executive Functioning and Mobility: Evidence From Remote Assessments. Innov Aging 2022; 7:igac077. [PMID: 36846304 PMCID: PMC9950718 DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igac077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives In older adults, executive functions are important for daily-life function and mobility. Evidence suggests that the relationship between cognition and mobility is dynamic and could vary according to individual factors, but whether cardiorespiratory fitness reduces the age-related increase of interdependence between mobility and cognition remains unexplored. Research Design and Methods One hundred eighty-nine participants (aged 50-87) were divided into 3 groups according to their age: middle-aged (MA; <65), young older adults (YOA; 65-74), and old older adults (OOA; ≥75). Participants performed Timed Up and Go and executive functioning assessments (Oral Trail Making Test and Phonologic verbal fluency) remotely by videoconference. Participants completed the Matthews questionnaire to estimate their cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2 max in ml/min/kg). A 3-way moderation was used to address whether cardiorespiratory fitness interacts with age to moderate the relationship between cognition and mobility. Results Results showed that the cardiorespiratory fitness × age interaction moderated the association between executive functioning and mobility (β = -0.05; p = .048; R 2 = 17.6; p < .001). At lower levels of physical fitness (<19.16 ml/min/kg), executive functioning significantly influenced YOA's mobility (β = -0.48, p = .004) and to a greater extent OOA's mobility (β = -0.96, p = .002). Discussion and Implications Our results support the idea of a dynamic relationship between mobility and executive functioning during aging and suggest that physical fitness could play a significant role in reducing their interdependency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Gabrielle Dupuy
- Address correspondence to: Emma Gabrielle Dupuy, PhD, Centre ÉPIC of the Montreal Heart Institute, 5055 rue St Zotique Est, Montréal, Qc, H1T 1N6, Canada. E-mail:
| | - Florent Besnier
- Centre ÉPIC and Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada,Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Christine Gagnon
- Centre ÉPIC and Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Juliana Breton
- Centre ÉPIC and Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Thomas Vincent
- Centre ÉPIC and Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Catia Lecchino
- Centre ÉPIC and Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada,Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Marie Payer
- Centre ÉPIC and Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada,Department of Psychology, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Béatrice Bérubé
- Centre ÉPIC and Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada,Department of Psychology, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Miloudza Olmand
- Centre ÉPIC and Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada,Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Marianne Levesque
- Centre ÉPIC and Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada,Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Nadia Bouabdallaoui
- Centre ÉPIC and Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada,Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Josep Iglesies-Grau
- Centre ÉPIC and Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada,Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Martin Juneau
- Centre ÉPIC and Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada,Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Paolo Vitali
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Mathieu Gayda
- Centre ÉPIC and Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada,Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Anil Nigam
- Centre ÉPIC and Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada,Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Louis Bherer
- Centre ÉPIC and Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada,Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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20
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de la Colina AN, Vasiliadis HM, Berbiche D, Bherer L, Girouard H, Kaushal N. IMPACT OF SEX AND ANTIHYPERTENSIVE MEDICATION ON GLOBAL COGNITION IN PRIMARY CARE OLDER ADULTS. Innov Aging 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igac059.2533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Hypertension is one of the strongest modifiable risk factors for the development of cognitive impairment and dementia. However, there are conflicting reports regarding which class of antihypertensive medication is the best for reducing the risk of cognitive decline. The objective of this study is to determine whether sex determines the pharmacological therapy that is the most effective in preserving cognitive outcomes. This study examined 1607 participants from the ESA Services Study, a longitudinal survey of older adults over 65 years old in Quebec-Canada. They were examined for the Mini-Mental State Examination(MMSE) at baseline (T1) and followed up three (T2) and four years after (T3). Hypertensive women had the highest mean MMSE score at each time point (T1 28.591 (SE .064); T2 28.282 (SE .118); T3 28.524 (SE.119)), while hypertensive men had the worst (T1 28.038(SE.070); T2 27.694(SE.125); 27.809(SE.128)). Women taking angiotensin II receptor antagonists (ARBs) showed the highest MMSE scores (p<.003), and men taking diuretics and other antihypertensives had the lowest MMSE scores(p<.001) after a 3-year follow-up. Combination therapy of two or three antihypertensives drugs was associated with higher scores in women at T1 and T2 (p<.001). In men, taking three antihypertensives showed a sharp decrease in MMSE scores from T1 to T3 (p<.001). Sex differences in global cognition outcomes in older adults are in part due to the heterogeneity in effects related to the type and number of antihypertensive drugs used. Effective antihypertensive treatment should consider the impact of sex to optimize the effect of pharmacological interventions on cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Louis Bherer
- University of Montreal , Montreal, Quebec , Canada
| | | | - Navin Kaushal
- Indiana University , Indianapolis, Indiana , United States
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21
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Dupuy E, Besnier F, Gagnon C, Breton J, Lecchino C, Gayda M, Bherer L. PHYSICAL FITNESS MODERATES THE AGE-RELATED ASSOCIATION BETWEEN EXECUTIVE FUNCTIONING AND MOBILITY. Innov Aging 2022. [PMCID: PMC9770854 DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igac059.2386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In older adults, executive functions are important for daily-life function and mobility. Evidence suggests that the relationship between cognition and mobility is dynamic and could vary according to individual factors, but whether cardiorespiratory fitness reduces the age-related increase of interdependence between mobility and cognition remains unexplored. One hundred eighty-nine participants (aged 50-87) were divided into three groups according to their age: middle-aged (MA; < 65), young older adults (YOA; 65-74), and old older adults (OOA; ≥75). Participants performed Timed Up and Go and executive functioning assessments (Oral Trail Making Test and Phonologic verbal fluency) remotely by videoconference. Participants completed the Matthews questionnaire to estimate their cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2 max in ml/min/kg). A three-way moderation was used to address whether cardiorespiratory fitness interacts with age to moderate the relationship between cognition and mobility. Results showed that the cardiorespiratory fitness x age interaction moderated the association between executive functioning and mobility (β = -.05, p = .047) (R2 = .18, p <.0001). At lower levels of physical fitness (< 19.16 ml/min/kg), executive functioning significantly influenced YOA’s mobility (β = -.48, p = .004) and to a greater extent OOA’s mobility (β = -.96, p = .002). Our results support the idea of a dynamic relationship between mobility and executive functioning during aging and suggest that physical fitness could play a significant role in reducing their interdependency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Dupuy
- Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Louis Bherer
- University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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22
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Montero‐Odasso M, Almeida QJ, Burhan AM, Camicioli R, Li K, Liu‐Ambrose T, Middleton LE, Doyon J, Fraser S, Hunter SW, McIlroy B, Morais JA, Pieruccini‐Faria F, Shoemaker K, Speechley MR, Vasudev A, Zou GY, Berryman N, Lussier M, Vanderhaeghe L, Bherer L. The SYNERGIC Trial: A Randomized Controlled Trial Assessing Multimodal Interventions to Improve Cognition in Mild Cognitive Impairment in Older Adults. Alzheimers Dement 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.061616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Amer M. Burhan
- Ontario Shores Centre for Mental Health Sciences Whitby ON Canada
| | | | - Karen Li
- Concordia University Montreal QC Canada
| | | | | | - Julien Doyon
- Centre de Recherche de l’Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM) Montreal QC Canada
| | | | | | | | - José A Morais
- McGill University Montreal QC Canada
- McGill University Health Centre Montreal QC Canada
| | - Frederico Pieruccini‐Faria
- Gait and Brain Laboratory, Parkwood Institute London ON Canada
- Gait & Brain Lab; Lawson Research Institute; Schulich School of Medicine& Dentistry, Division of Geriatric Medicine, Western University London ON Canada
| | | | | | - Akshya Vasudev
- University of Western Ontario; Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Western Ontario London ON Canada
| | - G Y Zou
- University of Wester Ontario London ON Canada
| | | | - Maxime Lussier
- University of Montreal Montreal QC Canada
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM) Montreal QC Canada
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23
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Downey R, Bherer L, Pothier K, Vrinceanu T, Intzandt B, Berryman N, Lussier M, Vincent T, Karelis AD, Nigam A, Vu TTM, Bosquet L, Li KZH. Multiple routes to help you roam: A comparison of training interventions to improve cognitive-motor dual-tasking in healthy older adults. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:710958. [PMID: 36408116 PMCID: PMC9670126 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.710958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Cognitive-motor dual-tasking is a complex activity that predicts falls risk and cognitive impairment in older adults. Cognitive and physical training can both lead to improvements in dual-tasking; however, less is known about what mechanisms underlie these changes. To investigate this, 33 healthy older adults were randomized to one of three training arms: Executive function (EF; n = 10), Aerobic Exercise (AE; n = 10), Gross Motor Abilities (GMA; n = 13) over 12 weeks (1 h, 3×/week). Single and dual-task performance (gait speed, m/s; cognitive accuracy, %) was evaluated before and after training, using the 2-back as concurrent cognitive load. Training arms were designed to improve cognitive and motor functioning, through different mechanisms (i.e., executive functioning – EF, cardiorespiratory fitness – CRF, and energy cost of walking – ECW). Compared to baseline, we observed few changes in dual-task gait speed following training (small effect). However, dual-task cognitive accuracy improved significantly, becoming facilitated by walking (large effect). There were no differences in the magnitude of improvements across training arms. We also found that older adults with lower cognitive ability (i.e., MoCA score < 26; n = 14) improved more on the dual-task cognitive accuracy following training, compared to older adults with higher cognitive ability (i.e., MoCA ≥26; n = 18). Taken together, the results suggest that regardless of the type of intervention, training appears to strengthen cognitive efficiency during dual-tasking, particularly for older adults with lower baseline cognitive status. These gains appear to occur via different mechanisms depending on the form of intervention. Implications of this research are paramount, as we demonstrate multiple routes for improving cognitive-motor dual-tasking in older adults, which may help reduce risk of cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Downey
- Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- PERFORM Centre, Concordia University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- *Correspondence: Rachel Downey, ; Karen Z. H. Li
| | - Louis Bherer
- PERFORM Centre, Concordia University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Département de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Centre de recherche de l’Institut de cardiologie de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Centre de recherche de l’Institut universitaire de gériatrie de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Kristell Pothier
- PERFORM Centre, Concordia University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Centre de recherche de l’Institut universitaire de gériatrie de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Psychologie des Ages de la Vie et Adaptation, University of Tours, Tours, France
| | - Tudor Vrinceanu
- PERFORM Centre, Concordia University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Département de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Centre de recherche de l’Institut de cardiologie de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Centre de recherche de l’Institut universitaire de gériatrie de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Brittany Intzandt
- PERFORM Centre, Concordia University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Centre de recherche de l’Institut de cardiologie de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Centre de recherche de l’Institut universitaire de gériatrie de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Nicolas Berryman
- Centre de recherche de l’Institut universitaire de gériatrie de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Département des sciences de l’activité physique, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Maxime Lussier
- Département de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Centre de recherche de l’Institut universitaire de gériatrie de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Thomas Vincent
- PERFORM Centre, Concordia University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Département de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Centre de recherche de l’Institut de cardiologie de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Centre de recherche de l’Institut universitaire de gériatrie de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Antony D. Karelis
- Département des sciences de l’activité physique, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Anil Nigam
- Département de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Centre de recherche de l’Institut de cardiologie de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Laurent Bosquet
- Faculté des sciences du sport, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Karen Z. H. Li
- Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- PERFORM Centre, Concordia University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- *Correspondence: Rachel Downey, ; Karen Z. H. Li
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24
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Belleville S, Cuesta M, Bieler-Aeschlimann M, Giacomino K, Widmer A, Mittaz Hager AG, Perez-Marcos D, Cardin S, Boller B, Bier N, Aubertin-Leheudre M, Bherer L, Berryman N, Agrigoroaei S, Demonet JF. Pre-frail older adults show improved cognition with StayFitLonger computerized home-based training: a randomized controlled trial. GeroScience 2022; 45:811-822. [PMID: 36266559 PMCID: PMC9589849 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-022-00674-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Multidomain interventions have shown tremendous potential for improving cognition in older adults. It is unclear if multidomain interventions can be delivered remotely and whether remote intervention is beneficial for older adults who are vulnerable or at risk of cognitive decline. In a 26-week multi-site, home-based, double-blind, randomized controlled trial, 120 cognitively healthy older adults (75 robust, 45 pre-frail; age range = 60-94) recruited from Switzerland, Canada, and Belgium were randomized to receive either the StayFitLonger (SFL) computerized multidomain training program or an active control intervention. Delivered on tablets, the SFL intervention combined adapted physical exercises (strength, balance, and mobility), cognitive training (divided attention, problem solving, and memory), opportunities for social and contributive interactions, and psychoeducation. The active control intervention provided basic mobilization exercises and access to video games. Cognitive outcomes were global cognition (Z-scores of attention, verbal fluency, and episodic memory for nondemented older adults; ZAVEN), memory, executive function, and processing speed. Linear mixed model analyses indicated improved performance on the ZAVEN global cognition score in the SFL group but not in the active control group. Stratified analyses by frailty status revealed improved ZAVEN global cognition and processing speed scores following SFL in the pre-frail group but not in the robust group. Overall, the study indicates that a computerized program providing a multidomain intervention at home can improve cognition in older adults. Importantly, pre-frail individuals, who are at higher risk of cognitive decline, seem to benefit more from the intervention. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT037519 Registered on January 22, 2020-Retrospectively registered, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04237519 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvie Belleville
- Research Centre, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, CIUSSS du Centre-Sud-de-L'Île-de-Montréal, 4565, Queen-Mary Road, Montreal, Quebec, H3W 1W5, Canada. .,Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada.
| | - M. Cuesta
- Research Centre, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, CIUSSS du Centre-Sud-de-L’Île-de-Montréal, 4565, Queen-Mary Road, Montreal, Quebec H3W 1W5 Canada
| | - M. Bieler-Aeschlimann
- Leenaards Memory Centre and Infections Disease Service, University Hospital of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland ,MindMaze, SA, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - K. Giacomino
- HES-SO Valais-Wallis, School of Health Sciences, Loèche-les-Bains, Switzerland
| | - A. Widmer
- HES-SO Valais-Wallis, School of Management, Sierre, Switzerland
| | - A. G. Mittaz Hager
- HES-SO Valais-Wallis, School of Health Sciences, Loèche-les-Bains, Switzerland
| | | | | | - B. Boller
- Research Centre, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, CIUSSS du Centre-Sud-de-L’Île-de-Montréal, 4565, Queen-Mary Road, Montreal, Quebec H3W 1W5 Canada ,Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivieres, Canada
| | - N. Bier
- Research Centre, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, CIUSSS du Centre-Sud-de-L’Île-de-Montréal, 4565, Queen-Mary Road, Montreal, Quebec H3W 1W5 Canada ,Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - M. Aubertin-Leheudre
- Research Centre, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, CIUSSS du Centre-Sud-de-L’Île-de-Montréal, 4565, Queen-Mary Road, Montreal, Quebec H3W 1W5 Canada ,Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - L. Bherer
- Research Centre, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, CIUSSS du Centre-Sud-de-L’Île-de-Montréal, 4565, Queen-Mary Road, Montreal, Quebec H3W 1W5 Canada ,Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada ,Montréal Heart Institute, Montreal, Canada
| | - N. Berryman
- Research Centre, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, CIUSSS du Centre-Sud-de-L’Île-de-Montréal, 4565, Queen-Mary Road, Montreal, Quebec H3W 1W5 Canada ,Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - S. Agrigoroaei
- Psychological Sciences Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - J. F. Demonet
- Leenaards Memory Centre and Infections Disease Service, University Hospital of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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25
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Barha CK, Falck RS, Best JR, Nagamatsu LS, Hsiung GYR, Sheel AW, Hsu CL, Kramer AF, Voss MW, Erickson KI, Davis JC, Shoemaker JK, Boyd L, Crockett RA, Ten Brinke L, Bherer L, Singer J, Galea LAM, Jacova C, Bullock A, Grant S, Liu-Ambrose T. Reshaping the path of mild cognitive impairment by refining exercise prescription: a study protocol of a randomized controlled trial to understand the "what," "for whom," and "how" of exercise to promote cognitive function. Trials 2022; 23:766. [PMID: 36085237 PMCID: PMC9462619 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-022-06699-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Targeted exercise training is a promising strategy for promoting cognitive function and preventing dementia in older age. Despite the utility of exercise as an intervention, variation still exists in exercise-induced cognitive gains and questions remain regarding the type of training (i.e., what), as well as moderators (i.e., for whom) and mechanisms (i.e., how) of benefit. Both aerobic training (AT) and resistance training (RT) enhance cognitive function in older adults without cognitive impairment; however, the vast majority of trials have focused exclusively on AT. Thus, more research is needed on RT, as well as on the combination of AT and RT, in older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), a prodromal stage of dementia. Therefore, we aim to conduct a 6-month, 2 × 2 factorial randomized controlled trial in older adults with MCI to assess the individual effects of AT and RT, and the combined effect of AT and RT on cognitive function and to determine the possible underlying biological mechanisms. Methods Two hundred and sixteen community-dwelling adults, aged 65 to 85 years, with MCI from metropolitan Vancouver will be recruited to participate in this study. Randomization will be stratified by biological sex and participants will be randomly allocated to one of the four experimental groups: (1) 4×/week balance and tone (BAT; i.e., active control); (2) combined 2×/week AT + 2×/week RT; (3) 2×/week AT + 2×/week BAT; or (4) 2×/week RT + 2×/week BAT. The primary outcome is cognitive function as measured by the Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Scale-Cognitive-Plus. Secondary outcomes include cognitive function, health-related quality of life, physical function, actigraphy measures, questionnaires, and falls. Outcomes will be measured at baseline, 6 months (i.e., trial completion), and 18 months (i.e., 12-month follow-up). Discussion Establishing the efficacy of different types and combinations of exercise training to minimize cognitive decline will advance our ability to prescribe exercise as “medicine” to treat MCI and delay the onset and progression of dementia. This trial is extremely timely as cognitive impairment and dementia pose a growing threat to global public health. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02737878. Registered on April 14, 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cindy K Barha
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, UBC, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Centre for Hip Health and Mobility, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Ryan S Falck
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, UBC, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Centre for Hip Health and Mobility, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - John R Best
- Gerontology Research Centre, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Gerontology, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, UBC, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Lindsay S Nagamatsu
- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Kinesiology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.,Brain and Mind Institute, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ging-Yuek Robin Hsiung
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, UBC, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Division of Neurology, UBC, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - A William Sheel
- School of Kinesiology, UBC, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Chun Liang Hsu
- Hinda and Arthur Marcus Institute for Aging Research, Hebrew SeniorLife, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Arthur F Kramer
- Department of Psychology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA.,Beckman Institute, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Michelle W Voss
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.,Iowa Neuroscience Institute, University of Iowa, IA, Iowa City, USA
| | - Kirk I Erickson
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Neuroscience Research Institute, AdventHealth, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Jennifer C Davis
- Centre for Hip Health and Mobility, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Social and Economic Change Laboratory, Faculty of Management, UBC-Okanagan, Kelowna, Canada
| | - J Kevin Shoemaker
- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Kinesiology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lara Boyd
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, UBC, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Rachel A Crockett
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, UBC, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Centre for Hip Health and Mobility, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Lisanne Ten Brinke
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, UBC, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Centre for Hip Health and Mobility, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Louis Bherer
- Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Research Centre, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Research Center, Institut Universitaire de Geriatrie de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Joel Singer
- School of Population and Public Health, UBC, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Providence Healthcare Research Institute, Centre for Health Evaluation and Outcome Sciences, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Liisa A M Galea
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, UBC, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Psychology, UBC, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Claudia Jacova
- School of Graduate Psychology, Pacific University, Hillsboro, OR, USA
| | - Alexis Bullock
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, UBC, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Centre for Hip Health and Mobility, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Sofia Grant
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, UBC, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Centre for Hip Health and Mobility, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Teresa Liu-Ambrose
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. .,Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, UBC, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. .,Centre for Hip Health and Mobility, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
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26
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Intzandt B, Sanami S, Huck J, Hoge RD, Gauthier CJ, Bherer L. Sex Differences In The Relationships Among Grey Matter Volume, Physical Activity And Obesity In Aging. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2022. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000882540.43037.03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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27
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Saillant K, Intzandt B, Bérubé B, Sanami S, Gauthier C, Bherer L. Mastering the Relationship between the Body and the Brain? The Case of a Female Master Athlete. Exp Aging Res 2022; 49:372-388. [PMID: 35950796 DOI: 10.1080/0361073x.2022.2109340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical inactivity significantly increases risk of cardiovascular diseases, which are highly prevalent in aging. Conversely, higher levels of physical activity in aging have been associated with benefits for physical and cognitive health and is hypothesized to prevent and reduce development of cardiovascular risk factors. However, those older adults with the highest activity levels (i.e., Master Athletes [MA]) are relatively understudied, and even fewer studies involve female MA. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to compare the physiological, physical, and cognitive profiles of an 83-year-old track-and-field MA runner to a sample of inactive age-matched females. RESULTS Results revealed the MA had a high peak oxygen uptake and had superior performance on visuospatial memory tasks compared to her inactive counterparts. Cerebral blood flow was slightly elevated in the MA, but lower cerebrovascular reactivity was revealed compared to the other female included in the magnetic resonance imaging portion. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that high levels of physical activity have benefits on multiple aspects of an aging female's life and that more studies should include MA, as well as a spectrum of cardiorespiratory fitness to further understand the role of physical activity in female aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathia Saillant
- Department of Psychology, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Research Center of the Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Research Center of the Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Brittany Intzandt
- Research Center of the Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Research Center of the Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,School of Graduate Studies, Concordia University, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,PERFORM Centre, Concordia University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Béatrice Bérubé
- Department of Psychology, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Research Center of the Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Research Center of the Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Safa Sanami
- Research Center of the Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,PERFORM Centre, Concordia University, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Physics Department, Concordia University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Claudine Gauthier
- Research Center of the Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,PERFORM Centre, Concordia University, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Physics Department, Concordia University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Louis Bherer
- Research Center of the Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Research Center of the Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
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28
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Talamonti D, Gagnon C, Vincent T, Nigam A, Lesage F, Bherer L, Fraser S. Exploring cognitive and brain oxygenation changes over a 1-year period in physically active individuals with mild cognitive impairment: a longitudinal fNIRS pilot study. BMC Geriatr 2022; 22:648. [PMID: 35941561 PMCID: PMC9361664 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-022-03306-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aging is associated with an increased likelihood of developing dementia, but a growing body of evidence suggests that certain modifiable risk factors may help prevent or delay dementia onset. Among these, physical activity (PA) has been linked to better cognitive performance and brain functions in healthy older adults and may contribute to preventing dementia. The current pilot study investigated changes in behavioral and brain activation patterns over a 1-year period in individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and healthy controls taking part in regular PA. METHODS Frontal cortical response during a dual-task walking paradigm was investigated at baseline, at 6 months (T6), and at 12 months (T12) by means of a portable functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) system. The dual-task paradigm included a single cognitive task (2-back), a single motor task (walking), and a dual-task condition (2-back whilst walking). RESULTS Both groups showed progressive improvement in cognitive performance at follow-up visits compared to baseline. Gait speed remained stable throughout the duration of the study in the control group and increased at T6 for those with MCI. A significant decrease in cortical activity was observed in both groups during the cognitive component of the dual-task at follow-up visits compared to baseline, with MCI individuals showing the greatest improvement. CONCLUSIONS The observations of this pilot study suggest that taking part in regular PA may be especially beneficial for both cognitive performance and brain functions in older adulthood and, especially, in individuals with MCI. Our findings may serve as preliminary evidence for the use of PA as a potential intervention to prevent cognitive decline in individuals at greater risk of dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Talamonti
- Research center and EPIC Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Christine Gagnon
- Research center and EPIC Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Thomas Vincent
- Research center and EPIC Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Anil Nigam
- Research center and EPIC Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Frederic Lesage
- Research center and EPIC Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada.,École Polytechnique de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Louis Bherer
- Research center and EPIC Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Centre de recherche, Institute universitaire de gériatrie de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Sarah Fraser
- Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
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29
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Debray A, Bherer L, Gagnon C, Bosquet L, Hay E, Bartlett AA, Gagnon D, Enea C. A Cross-Sectional Comparison of Arterial Stiffness and Cognitive Performances in Physically Active Late Pre- and Early Post-Menopausal Females. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12070901. [PMID: 35884708 PMCID: PMC9312988 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12070901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Menopause accelerates increases in arterial stiffness and decreases cognitive performances. The objective of this study was to compare cognitive performances in physically active pre- and post-menopausal females and their relationship with arterial stiffness. We performed a cross-sectional comparison of blood pressure, carotid−femoral pulse wave velocity (cf-PWV) and cognitive performances between physically active late pre- and early post-menopausal females. Systolic (post-menopause—pre-menopause: +6 mmHg [95% CI −1; +13], p = 0.27; ŋ2 = 0.04) and diastolic (+6 mmHg [95% CI +2; +11], p = 0.06; ŋ2 = 0.12) blood pressures, and cf-PWV (+0.29 m/s [95% CI −1.03; 1.62], p = 0.48; ŋ2 = 0.02) did not differ between groups. Post-menopausal females performed as well as pre-menopausal females on tests evaluating executive functions, episodic memory and processing speed. Group differences were observed on the computerized working memory task. Post-menopausal females had lower accuracy (p = 0.02; ŋ2 = 0.25) but similar reaction time (p = 0.70; ŋ2 < 0.01). Moreover, this performance was inversely associated with the severity of menopausal symptoms (r = −0.38; p = 0.05). These results suggest that arterial stiffness and performance on tests assessing episodic memory and processing speed and executive functions assessing inhibition and switching abilities did not differ between physically active pre- and post-menopausal females. However, post-menopausal females had lower performance on a challenging condition of a working memory task, and this difference in working memory between groups cannot be explained by increased arterial stiffness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amélie Debray
- Montreal Heart Institute, 5055 Rue Saint-Zotique E, Montreal, QC H1T 1N6, Canada; (A.D.); (L.B.); (C.G.); (A.-A.B.); (D.G.)
- School of Kinesiology and Exercise Science, Université de Montréal, 2100, boulevard Édouard-Montpetit, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
- Laboratory MOVE (UR20296), Faculté des Sciences du Sport, Université de Poitiers, Batiment C6, 8 allée Jean Monnet, TSA 31113, CEDEX 9, 86073 Poitiers, France; (L.B.); (E.H.)
| | - Louis Bherer
- Montreal Heart Institute, 5055 Rue Saint-Zotique E, Montreal, QC H1T 1N6, Canada; (A.D.); (L.B.); (C.G.); (A.-A.B.); (D.G.)
- Centre de Recherche de l’Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, 4565 Chemin Queen Mary, Montreal, QC H3W 1W5, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Christine Gagnon
- Montreal Heart Institute, 5055 Rue Saint-Zotique E, Montreal, QC H1T 1N6, Canada; (A.D.); (L.B.); (C.G.); (A.-A.B.); (D.G.)
- Centre de Recherche de l’Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, 4565 Chemin Queen Mary, Montreal, QC H3W 1W5, Canada
| | - Laurent Bosquet
- Laboratory MOVE (UR20296), Faculté des Sciences du Sport, Université de Poitiers, Batiment C6, 8 allée Jean Monnet, TSA 31113, CEDEX 9, 86073 Poitiers, France; (L.B.); (E.H.)
- Centre de Recherche de l’Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, 4565 Chemin Queen Mary, Montreal, QC H3W 1W5, Canada
| | - Eva Hay
- Laboratory MOVE (UR20296), Faculté des Sciences du Sport, Université de Poitiers, Batiment C6, 8 allée Jean Monnet, TSA 31113, CEDEX 9, 86073 Poitiers, France; (L.B.); (E.H.)
| | - Audrey-Ann Bartlett
- Montreal Heart Institute, 5055 Rue Saint-Zotique E, Montreal, QC H1T 1N6, Canada; (A.D.); (L.B.); (C.G.); (A.-A.B.); (D.G.)
- School of Kinesiology and Exercise Science, Université de Montréal, 2100, boulevard Édouard-Montpetit, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Daniel Gagnon
- Montreal Heart Institute, 5055 Rue Saint-Zotique E, Montreal, QC H1T 1N6, Canada; (A.D.); (L.B.); (C.G.); (A.-A.B.); (D.G.)
- School of Kinesiology and Exercise Science, Université de Montréal, 2100, boulevard Édouard-Montpetit, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Carina Enea
- Laboratory MOVE (UR20296), Faculté des Sciences du Sport, Université de Poitiers, Batiment C6, 8 allée Jean Monnet, TSA 31113, CEDEX 9, 86073 Poitiers, France; (L.B.); (E.H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-(0)5-49-45-30-00
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30
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Debray A, Enea C, Ravanelli N, Chaseling GK, Gravel H, Bosquet L, Bherer L, Gagnon D. Comparison of Blood Pressure and Vascular Health in Physically Active Late Pre- and Early Postmenopausal Females. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2022; 54:1066-1075. [PMID: 35704437 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000002887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The benefits of exercise on vascular health are inconsistent in postmenopausal females. We investigated if blood pressure and markers of vascular function differ between physically active early post- and late premenopausal females. METHODS We performed a cross-sectional comparison of 24-h blood pressure, brachial artery flow-mediated dilation, microvascular reactivity (reactive hyperemia), carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity, and cardiac baroreflex sensitivity between physically active late premenopausal (n = 16, 48 ± 2 yr) and early postmenopausal (n = 14, 53 ± 2 yr) females. RESULTS Physical activity level was similar between premenopausal (490 ± 214 min·wk-1) and postmenopausal (550 ± 303 min·wk-1) females (P = 0.868). Brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (pre, 4.6 ± 3.9, vs post, 4.7% ± 2.2%; P = 0.724), 24-h systolic (+5 mm Hg, 95% confidence interval [CI] = -1 to +10, P = 0.972) and diastolic (+4 mm Hg, 95% CI = -1 to +9, P = 0.655) blood pressures, total reactive hyperemia (pre, 1.2 ± 0.5, vs post, 1.0 ± 0.5 mL·mm Hg-1; P = 0.479), carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (pre, 7.9 ± 1.7, vs post, 8.1 ± 1.8 m·s-1; P = 0.477), and cardiac baroreflex sensitivity (-8 ms·mm Hg-1, 95% CI = -20.55 to 4.62, P = 0.249) did not differ between groups. By contrast, peak reactive hyperemia (-0.36 mL·min-1⋅mm Hg-1, 95% CI = -0.87 to +0.15, P = 0.009) was lower in postmenopausal females. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that blood pressure and markers of vascular function do not differ between physically active late pre- and early postmenopausal females.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carina Enea
- Laboratoire Mobilité Vieillissement et Exercice, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, FRANCE
| | | | | | - Hugo Gravel
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC, CANADA
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Debray A, Ravanelli N, Gravel H, Bartlett A, Usselman CW, Bherer L, Gagnon D. Endothelial Sensitivity to Exercise‐Induced Shear Rate in Pre‐ and Post‐Menopausal Females and in Males. FASEB J 2022. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2022.36.s1.r3744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Iglesies-Grau J, Dionne V, Latour É, Pelletier V, Bisaillon M, Tessier G, Aubut L, Hamrioui N, Gagnon C, Simard F, Nigam A, L Allier PL, Bherer L, Bouabdallaoui N, Juneau M. The short-term impact and sustainability of multiple lifestyle interventions on metabolic health and remission of prediabetes and type 2 diabetes: a two-year experience. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurjpc/zwac056.192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.
Background
Different intensive lifestyle interventions have been shown to be useful for effective control and even reversal of prediabetes and type 2 diabetes (T2D).
Objectives
Our heart institute cardiovascular prevention center started a comprehensive lifestyle clinic in 2019 to study the impact of 6 and 12-month non-pharmacological interventions on metabolic health and remission of these two conditions.
Methods
Between January 2019 and December 2020, 81 prediabetic (HbA1c ≥ 5.7%) and 184 T2D (HbA1c ≥ 6.5%) were recruited. All participants received regular nutritional counselling (therapeutic moderate carbohydrate restriction Mediterranean diet) and personalized physical exercise prescription (≥30 minutes of moderate aerobic training, 5 times a week, and strength training). Anthropometric measures and fasting blood analysis were measured at 0, 3, 6 and 12 months. Glucose-lowering therapies were not modified, unless necessary.
Complete remission of prediabetes and T2D was defined as HbA1c <5.7%, whereas partial remission of T2D was defined as HbA1c <6.5% for at least 3 months, and it was calculated for all the participants that completed the 12-month program. Remission was further evaluated according to pharmacological status (drug-naïve or on glucose-lowering therapy).
Results
231 participants completed the short-term program (87%) and 117 were followed-up to 12 months. Mean age was 67.1 (9.1) years, 67% male, 48.3% with CHD, 53.5% with glucose-lowering therapies. All metabolic health measures were improved, particularly among T2D participants (Table 1). Gains were achieved at 3 months and were maintained during the remainder of the program without significant change.
Complete remission of prediabetes was achieved in 24% (95CI: 10.7 to 45.4%) of participants. Complete and partial remission of T2D were achieved in 5.4% (95CI: 2.2 to 12.5%) and 41.3% (95CI: 31.6 to 51.7%) of participants respectively and was observed in both with or without glucose-lowering therapies subgroups (Table 2).
Conclusions
Prioritizing lifestyle changes were shown to improve metabolic health measures even to the point of achieving remission among subjects with prediabetes or T2D. These metabolic changes were mostly achieved after 3 months and persisted throughout the intervention. Future research is required to better understand which non-pharmacological interventions work best among subjects with varying metabolic profiles and pharmacotherapy, how long should the interventions last and how partial or complete normalization of glucose impacts long-term outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - V Dionne
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Canada
| | - É Latour
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Canada
| | | | | | - G Tessier
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Canada
| | - L Aubut
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Canada
| | - N Hamrioui
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Canada
| | - C Gagnon
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Canada
| | - F Simard
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Canada
| | - A Nigam
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Canada
| | | | - L Bherer
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Canada
| | | | - M Juneau
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Canada
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Talamonti D, Dupuy EG, Boudaa S, Vincent T, Fraser S, Nigam A, Lesage F, Belleville S, Gagnon C, Bherer L. Prefrontal hyperactivation during dual-task walking related to apathy symptoms in older individuals. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0266553. [PMID: 35468172 PMCID: PMC9037904 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0266553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence associates apathy with worsening in cognitive performance and greater risk of dementia, in both clinical and healthy older populations. In older adults with neurocognitive disorders, apathy has also been related to specific fronto-subcortical structural abnormalities, thus differentiating apathy and major depressive disorder. Yet, the neural mechanisms associated with apathy in healthy older adults are still unclear. In the present study, we investigated the frontal cortical response during a dual-task walking paradigm in forty-one healthy older adults with and without apathy symptoms, controlling for depressive symptoms. The dual-task walking paradigm included a single cognitive task (2-back), a single motor task (walking), and a dual-task condition (2-back whilst walking). The cortical response was measured by means of functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS). The results revealed that participants with apathy symptoms showed greater activation of subregions of the prefrontal cortex and of the premotor cortex compared to healthy controls during the single cognitive component of the dual-task paradigm, whilst cognitive performance was equivalent between groups. Moreover, increased cortical response during the cognitive task was associated with higher odds of exhibiting apathy symptoms, independently of depressive symptoms. These findings suggest that apathy may be related to differential brain activation patterns in healthy older individuals and are in line with previous evidence of the distinctiveness between apathy and depression. Future research may explore the long-term effects of apathy on the cortical response in healthy older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Talamonti
- Research Centre and Centre EPIC, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montreal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Emma Gabrielle Dupuy
- Research Centre and Centre EPIC, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montreal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Sarah Boudaa
- Research Centre and Centre EPIC, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Canada
| | - Thomas Vincent
- Research Centre and Centre EPIC, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Canada
| | - Sarah Fraser
- Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Anil Nigam
- Research Centre and Centre EPIC, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montreal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Frédéric Lesage
- Research Centre and Centre EPIC, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Canada
- École Polytechnique de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Sylvie Belleville
- Centre de recherche, Institut universitaire de gériatrie de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
- Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Christine Gagnon
- Research Centre and Centre EPIC, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Canada
| | - Louis Bherer
- Research Centre and Centre EPIC, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montreal, Montreal, Canada
- Centre de recherche, Institut universitaire de gériatrie de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
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Besnier F, Bérubé B, Malo J, Gagnon C, Grégoire CA, Juneau M, Simard F, L’Allier P, Nigam A, Iglésies-Grau J, Vincent T, Talamonti D, Dupuy EG, Mohammadi H, Gayda M, Bherer L. Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation in Long-COVID-19 Patients with Persistent Breathlessness and Fatigue: The COVID-Rehab Study. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:ijerph19074133. [PMID: 35409815 PMCID: PMC8998214 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19074133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
(1) Background: Cardiopulmonary and brain functions are frequently impaired after COVID-19 infection. Exercise rehabilitation could have a major impact on the healing process of patients affected by long COVID-19. (2) Methods: The COVID-Rehab study will investigate the effectiveness of an eight-week cardiopulmonary rehabilitation program on cardiorespiratory fitness (V˙O2max) in long-COVID-19 individuals. Secondary objectives will include functional capacity, quality of life, perceived stress, sleep quality (questionnaires), respiratory capacity (spirometry test), coagulation, inflammatory and oxidative-stress profile (blood draw), cognition (neuropsychological tests), neurovascular coupling and pulsatility (fNIRS). The COVID-Rehab project was a randomised clinical trial with two intervention arms (1:1 ratio) that will be blindly evaluated. It will recruit a total of 40 individuals: (1) rehabilitation: centre-based exercise-training program (eight weeks, three times per week); (2) control: individuals will have to maintain their daily habits. (3) Conclusions: Currently, there are no specific rehabilitation guidelines for long-COVID-19 patients, but preliminary studies show encouraging results. Clinicaltrials.gov (NCT05035628).
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Affiliation(s)
- Florent Besnier
- Research Center and Centre ÉPIC, Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, QC H1T 1N6, Canada; (F.B.); (B.B.); (J.M.); (C.G.); (C.-A.G.); (M.J.); (F.S.); (P.L.); (A.N.); (J.I.-G.); (T.V.); (D.T.); (E.G.D.); (H.M.); (L.B.)
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Béatrice Bérubé
- Research Center and Centre ÉPIC, Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, QC H1T 1N6, Canada; (F.B.); (B.B.); (J.M.); (C.G.); (C.-A.G.); (M.J.); (F.S.); (P.L.); (A.N.); (J.I.-G.); (T.V.); (D.T.); (E.G.D.); (H.M.); (L.B.)
- Department of Psychology, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC H3C 3P8, Canada
- Research Center, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3W 1W5, Canada
| | - Jacques Malo
- Research Center and Centre ÉPIC, Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, QC H1T 1N6, Canada; (F.B.); (B.B.); (J.M.); (C.G.); (C.-A.G.); (M.J.); (F.S.); (P.L.); (A.N.); (J.I.-G.); (T.V.); (D.T.); (E.G.D.); (H.M.); (L.B.)
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Christine Gagnon
- Research Center and Centre ÉPIC, Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, QC H1T 1N6, Canada; (F.B.); (B.B.); (J.M.); (C.G.); (C.-A.G.); (M.J.); (F.S.); (P.L.); (A.N.); (J.I.-G.); (T.V.); (D.T.); (E.G.D.); (H.M.); (L.B.)
| | - Catherine-Alexandra Grégoire
- Research Center and Centre ÉPIC, Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, QC H1T 1N6, Canada; (F.B.); (B.B.); (J.M.); (C.G.); (C.-A.G.); (M.J.); (F.S.); (P.L.); (A.N.); (J.I.-G.); (T.V.); (D.T.); (E.G.D.); (H.M.); (L.B.)
| | - Martin Juneau
- Research Center and Centre ÉPIC, Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, QC H1T 1N6, Canada; (F.B.); (B.B.); (J.M.); (C.G.); (C.-A.G.); (M.J.); (F.S.); (P.L.); (A.N.); (J.I.-G.); (T.V.); (D.T.); (E.G.D.); (H.M.); (L.B.)
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - François Simard
- Research Center and Centre ÉPIC, Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, QC H1T 1N6, Canada; (F.B.); (B.B.); (J.M.); (C.G.); (C.-A.G.); (M.J.); (F.S.); (P.L.); (A.N.); (J.I.-G.); (T.V.); (D.T.); (E.G.D.); (H.M.); (L.B.)
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Philippe L’Allier
- Research Center and Centre ÉPIC, Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, QC H1T 1N6, Canada; (F.B.); (B.B.); (J.M.); (C.G.); (C.-A.G.); (M.J.); (F.S.); (P.L.); (A.N.); (J.I.-G.); (T.V.); (D.T.); (E.G.D.); (H.M.); (L.B.)
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Anil Nigam
- Research Center and Centre ÉPIC, Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, QC H1T 1N6, Canada; (F.B.); (B.B.); (J.M.); (C.G.); (C.-A.G.); (M.J.); (F.S.); (P.L.); (A.N.); (J.I.-G.); (T.V.); (D.T.); (E.G.D.); (H.M.); (L.B.)
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Josep Iglésies-Grau
- Research Center and Centre ÉPIC, Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, QC H1T 1N6, Canada; (F.B.); (B.B.); (J.M.); (C.G.); (C.-A.G.); (M.J.); (F.S.); (P.L.); (A.N.); (J.I.-G.); (T.V.); (D.T.); (E.G.D.); (H.M.); (L.B.)
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Thomas Vincent
- Research Center and Centre ÉPIC, Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, QC H1T 1N6, Canada; (F.B.); (B.B.); (J.M.); (C.G.); (C.-A.G.); (M.J.); (F.S.); (P.L.); (A.N.); (J.I.-G.); (T.V.); (D.T.); (E.G.D.); (H.M.); (L.B.)
| | - Deborah Talamonti
- Research Center and Centre ÉPIC, Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, QC H1T 1N6, Canada; (F.B.); (B.B.); (J.M.); (C.G.); (C.-A.G.); (M.J.); (F.S.); (P.L.); (A.N.); (J.I.-G.); (T.V.); (D.T.); (E.G.D.); (H.M.); (L.B.)
| | - Emma Gabrielle Dupuy
- Research Center and Centre ÉPIC, Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, QC H1T 1N6, Canada; (F.B.); (B.B.); (J.M.); (C.G.); (C.-A.G.); (M.J.); (F.S.); (P.L.); (A.N.); (J.I.-G.); (T.V.); (D.T.); (E.G.D.); (H.M.); (L.B.)
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Hânieh Mohammadi
- Research Center and Centre ÉPIC, Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, QC H1T 1N6, Canada; (F.B.); (B.B.); (J.M.); (C.G.); (C.-A.G.); (M.J.); (F.S.); (P.L.); (A.N.); (J.I.-G.); (T.V.); (D.T.); (E.G.D.); (H.M.); (L.B.)
| | - Mathieu Gayda
- Research Center and Centre ÉPIC, Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, QC H1T 1N6, Canada; (F.B.); (B.B.); (J.M.); (C.G.); (C.-A.G.); (M.J.); (F.S.); (P.L.); (A.N.); (J.I.-G.); (T.V.); (D.T.); (E.G.D.); (H.M.); (L.B.)
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
- Correspondence:
| | - Louis Bherer
- Research Center and Centre ÉPIC, Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, QC H1T 1N6, Canada; (F.B.); (B.B.); (J.M.); (C.G.); (C.-A.G.); (M.J.); (F.S.); (P.L.); (A.N.); (J.I.-G.); (T.V.); (D.T.); (E.G.D.); (H.M.); (L.B.)
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
- Research Center, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3W 1W5, Canada
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McGibbon C, Jarrett P, Handrigan G, Bouchard D, Tranchant CC, Sexton AM, Yetman L, Robinson B, Crapoulet S, Chamard-Witkowski L, Liu-Ambrose T, Middleton LE, Almeida QJ, Bherer L, Lim A, Speechley M, Kamkar N, Montero Odasso M. Protocol for SYNchronising Exercises, Remedies in GaIt and Cognition at Home (SYNERGIC@Home): feasibility of a home-based double-blind randomised controlled trial to improve gait and cognition in individuals at risk for dementia. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e059988. [PMID: 35361653 PMCID: PMC8971768 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-059988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Physical exercise and cognitive training have the potential to enhance cognitive function and mobility in older adults at risk of Alzheimer's disease and related dementia (ADRD), but little is known about the feasibility of delivering multidomain interventions in home settings of older adults at risk of ADRD. This study aims to assess the feasibility of home-based delivery of exercise and cognitive interventions, and to evaluate the relationship between participants' intervention preferences and their subsequent adherence. Secondary objectives include the effect of the interventions on ADRD risk factors, including frailty, mobility, sleep, diet and psychological health. METHODS AND ANALYSIS The SYNchronising Exercises, Remedies in GaIt and Cognition at Home (SYNERGIC@Home) feasibility trial is a randomised control trial that follows a 2×2 factorial design, with a 16-week home-based intervention programme (3 sessions per week) of physical exercises and cognitive training. Participants will be randomised in blocks of four to one of the following four arms: (1) combined exercise (aerobic and resistance)+cognitive training (NEUROPEAK); (2) combined exercise+control cognitive training (web searching); (3) control exercise (balance and toning)+cognitive training; and (4) control exercise+control cognitive training. SYNERGIC@Home will be implemented through video conferencing. Baseline and post-intervention assessments at 4-month and 10-month follow-up will include measures of cognition, frailty, mobility, sleep, diet and psychological health. Primary feasibility outcome is adherence to the interventions. Primary analytic outcome is the relationship between pre-allocation preference for a given intervention and subsequent adherence to the allocated intervention. A series of secondary analytic outcomes examining the potential effect of the individual and combined interventions on cognitive, mobility and general well-being will be measured at baseline and follow-up. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethics approval was granted by the relevant research ethics boards. Findings of the study will be presented to stakeholders and published in peer-reviewed journals and at provincial, national and international conferences. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT04997681, Pre-results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris McGibbon
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of New Brunswick Fredericton, Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada
| | - Pam Jarrett
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Horizon Health Network, Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, Deptartment of Internal Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Grant Handrigan
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Community Services, School of Kinesiology and Recreation, Universite de Moncton, Moncton, New Brunswick, Canada
| | - Danielle Bouchard
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of New Brunswick Fredericton, Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada
| | - Carole C Tranchant
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Community Services, School of Food Science, Nutrition and Family Studies, Universite de Moncton, Moncton, New Brunswick, Canada
| | - Andrew M Sexton
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada
| | - Linda Yetman
- Research Services, Horizon Health Network, Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada
| | - Bryn Robinson
- Research Services, Horizon Health Network, Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada
| | | | - Ludivine Chamard-Witkowski
- Department of Neuroscience, Dr Georges-L-Dumont University Hospital Centre, Moncton, New Brunswick, Canada
| | - Teresa Liu-Ambrose
- Department of Physical Therapy, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | - Quincy J Almeida
- Faculty of Science, Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Louis Bherer
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Andrew Lim
- Neurology Division, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mark Speechley
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nellie Kamkar
- Gait and Brain Laboratory, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Manuel Montero Odasso
- Gait and Brain Laboratory, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medicine (Geriatrics), Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
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Gill LN, Tabry V, Taylor V, Lussier M, Martinu K, Bherer L, Roy M, Rainville P. Effects of Brief Mindfulness Interventions on the Interference Induced by Experimental Heat Pain on Cognition in Healthy Individuals. Front Pain Res (Lausanne) 2022; 2:673027. [PMID: 35295494 PMCID: PMC8915756 DOI: 10.3389/fpain.2021.673027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Background: Pain captures attention and interferes with competing tasks demanding cognitive effort. Brief mindfulness interventions involving both conceptual learning and meditation exercises have been shown to improve attention and reduce pain sensitivity, and could potentially reduce pain interference. This study assesses the effect of a 5-day mindfulness intervention (20 min/day) on the interference produced by thermal pain on working memory performance using a 2-back task. Methods: Healthy participants were randomized into three groups exposed to mindfulness meditation training (n = 15), an active educational control intervention comprising only conceptual information on mindfulness (n = 15), or no intervention (n = 15). The two active interventions were administered in a dual-blind fashion and outcomes were assessed by research personnel blind to this allocation. Evaluation sessions were conducted before and after the interventions to assess the effect of pain on 2-back performance (pain interference). Importantly, both pain stimuli and the 2-back task were calibrated individually and in each session before assessing pain interference, thereby controlling for possible changes in baseline pain sensitivity and cognitive performance. Secondary outcomes included heat pain sensitivity, cold pain tolerance, cognitive inhibition, cognitive flexibility, and divided attention. Results: Manipulation checks confirmed that heat pain interferes with the performance of the working-memory task. Compared to the no-intervention control group, pain interference was significantly reduced following the conceptual intervention but not the meditation intervention, although a corollary analysis suggests the effect might be due to regression toward the mean caused by baseline imbalance in pain interference. Secondary outcomes also suggested an increase in pain tolerance in the conceptual learning group only. Discussion: A short mindfulness meditation intervention was insufficient to reduce pain interference but conceptual learning about mindfulness produced some unexpected benefits. Although the generalization of experimental findings to clinical pain conditions may be premature, these results highlight the importance of distinguishing the contribution of mindfulness education and meditation training in future studies. Understanding the effects of mindfulness training on pain regulation and management must take into consideration the multiple factors underlying this complex intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis-Nascan Gill
- Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Vanessa Tabry
- Department of Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Véronique Taylor
- Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Maxime Lussier
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Kristina Martinu
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Louis Bherer
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Center for Research, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Mathieu Roy
- Department of Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Pierre Rainville
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Stomatology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Gagnon C, Olmand M, Dupuy EG, Besnier F, Vincent T, Grégoire CA, Lévesque M, Payer M, Bérubé B, Breton J, Lecchino C, Bouabdallaoui N, Iglesies-Grau J, Gayda M, Vitali P, Nigam A, Juneau M, Hudon C, Bherer L. Videoconference version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment: normative data for Quebec-French people aged 50 years and older. Aging Clin Exp Res 2022; 34:1627-1633. [PMID: 35178685 PMCID: PMC8853900 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-022-02092-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Background The COVID-19 pandemic forced health professionals to rapidly develop and implement telepractice and remote assessments. Recent reviews appear to confirm the validity of a wide range of neuropsychological tests for teleneuropsychology and among these, the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), a cognitive screening test widely used in clinical settings. The normative data specific to the context of videoconference administration is essential, particularly that consider sociodemographic characteristics. Aims This study had for objective to develop French-Quebec normative data for videoconference-administration of the MoCA that consider sociodemographic characteristics. Methods A total of 230 community-dwelling adults aged 50 years and older taking part in clinical trials completed the MoCA by videoconference. Regression analyses were run with sex, education, and age as predictors of the total MoCA scores, based on previously published norms. As an exploratory analysis, a second regression analysis was also run with cardiovascular disease as a predictor. Results Regression analyses revealed that older age and lower education were associated with poorer total MoCA scores, for medium effect size (p < 0.001, R2 = 0.17). Neither sex nor cardiovascular disease, were significant predictors in our analyses. For clinicians, a regression equation was proposed to calculate Z scores. Discussion This study provides normative data for the MoCA administered via videoconference in Quebec-French individuals aged 50 years and over. Conclusions The present normative data will not only allow clinicians to continue to perform assessments remotely in this pandemic period but will also allow them to perform cognitive assessments to patients located in remote areas. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40520-022-02092-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Gagnon
- Centre ÉPIC and Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, 5055 rue St Zotique Est, Montréal, QC, H1T 1N6, Canada.
| | - Miloudza Olmand
- Centre ÉPIC and Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, 5055 rue St Zotique Est, Montréal, QC, H1T 1N6, Canada
- Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Emma Gabrielle Dupuy
- Centre ÉPIC and Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, 5055 rue St Zotique Est, Montréal, QC, H1T 1N6, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Florent Besnier
- Centre ÉPIC and Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, 5055 rue St Zotique Est, Montréal, QC, H1T 1N6, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Thomas Vincent
- Centre ÉPIC and Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, 5055 rue St Zotique Est, Montréal, QC, H1T 1N6, Canada
| | - Catherine-Alexandra Grégoire
- Centre ÉPIC and Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, 5055 rue St Zotique Est, Montréal, QC, H1T 1N6, Canada
| | - Marianne Lévesque
- Centre ÉPIC and Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, 5055 rue St Zotique Est, Montréal, QC, H1T 1N6, Canada
- Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Marie Payer
- Centre ÉPIC and Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, 5055 rue St Zotique Est, Montréal, QC, H1T 1N6, Canada
- Department of Psychology, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, Canada
- Research Center, Institut Universitaire en Santé Mentale de Montréal, Montréal, QC, H1N 3M5, Canada
| | - Béatrice Bérubé
- Centre ÉPIC and Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, 5055 rue St Zotique Est, Montréal, QC, H1T 1N6, Canada
- Department of Psychology, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Juliana Breton
- Centre ÉPIC and Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, 5055 rue St Zotique Est, Montréal, QC, H1T 1N6, Canada
| | - Catia Lecchino
- Centre ÉPIC and Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, 5055 rue St Zotique Est, Montréal, QC, H1T 1N6, Canada
- Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Nadia Bouabdallaoui
- Centre ÉPIC and Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, 5055 rue St Zotique Est, Montréal, QC, H1T 1N6, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Josep Iglesies-Grau
- Centre ÉPIC and Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, 5055 rue St Zotique Est, Montréal, QC, H1T 1N6, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Mathieu Gayda
- Centre ÉPIC and Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, 5055 rue St Zotique Est, Montréal, QC, H1T 1N6, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Paolo Vitali
- Research Centre for Studies on Aging, McGill University, Montréal, Canada
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Anil Nigam
- Centre ÉPIC and Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, 5055 rue St Zotique Est, Montréal, QC, H1T 1N6, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Martin Juneau
- Centre ÉPIC and Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, 5055 rue St Zotique Est, Montréal, QC, H1T 1N6, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Carol Hudon
- École de Psychologie, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
- Centre de Recherche CERVO, Québec, Canada
| | - Louis Bherer
- Centre ÉPIC and Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, 5055 rue St Zotique Est, Montréal, QC, H1T 1N6, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
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Noriega de la Colina A, Badji A, Lamarre-Cliche M, Bherer L, Girouard H, Kaushal N. Arterial stiffness and age moderate the association between physical activity and global cognition in older adults. J Hypertens 2022; 40:245-253. [PMID: 34751535 DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000003000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence supports that time spent on physical activity has beneficial effects on cognition in older adults. Nevertheless, whether these beneficial effects are still present at the intersection of different levels of arterial stiffness and age is uncertain. METHODS One hundred and ten healthy older adults aged 60-75 years were examined for arterial stiffness [carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cf-PWV)], global cognition (composite score of Montreal Cognitive Assessment, and Mini-Mental State Examination), and self-reported physical activity (PACED diary). Using PROCESS macro for SPSS, we evaluated if cf-PWV (moderator 1), and age (moderator 2) moderate the relationship between physical activity (X) and global cognition (Y). The threshold for high stiffness was set at 8.5 m/s based on previous studies that reported this cut-off as more appropriate for classifying cerebrovascular risk groups. RESULTS Physical activity had a positive effect on cognition in young-elderly adults (<68.5 years) with a cf-PWV of at least 8.5 m/s (β = 0.48, SE = 0.193, P = 0.014, 95% CI = 0.100--0.868) and in elderly adults (≥68.5 years) with a cf-PWV of less than 8.5 m/s (β = 0.56, SE = 0.230, P = 0.017, 95% CI = 0.104-1.018). This was not the case in elderly adults with a cf-PWV of at least 8.5 m/s (β = 0.00, SE = 0.193, P = 0.998, 95% CI = -0.362 to 361), or in young-elderly adults with a cf-PWV of less than 8.5 m/s (β = 0.16, SE = 0.247, P = 0.501, 95% CI = -0.326 to 656). CONCLUSION The interaction between arterial stiffness and age moderated the effect of physical activity on global cognition. Time spent on physical activity alone might not be sufficient to achieve cognitive benefit over a specific threshold of arterial stiffness and age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrián Noriega de la Colina
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal
- Research Centre of the, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal
- Montreal Heart Institute
- Groupe de Recherche sur le Système Nerveux Central
- Centre interdisciplinaire de recherche sur le cerveau et l'apprentissage
| | - Atef Badji
- Research Centre of the, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal
- NeuroPoly Lab, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Polytechnique Montréal
- Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine
- Groupe de Recherche sur le Système Nerveux Central
- Centre interdisciplinaire de recherche sur le cerveau et l'apprentissage
| | | | - Louis Bherer
- Research Centre of the, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal
- Montreal Heart Institute
| | - Hélène Girouard
- Research Centre of the, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Groupe de Recherche sur le Système Nerveux Central
- Centre interdisciplinaire de recherche sur le cerveau et l'apprentissage
| | - Navin Kaushal
- Department of Health Sciences, School of Health and Human Sciences, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
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Vrinceanu T, Khairy P, Roy D, Payer M, Gagnon C, Kaushal N, Talajic M, Tardif JC, Nattel S, Black SE, Healey J, Lanthier S, Andrade J, Massoud F, Nault I, Guertin MC, Dorian P, Kouz S, Essebag V, Ellenbogen KA, Racine N, Nozza A, Bherer L, Rivard L. Pattern of Atrial Fibrillation and Cognitive Function in Young Patients With Atrial Fibrillation and Low CHADS 2 Score: Insights From the BRAIN-AF Trial. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol 2022; 15:e010462. [PMID: 35089051 DOI: 10.1161/circep.121.010462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tudor Vrinceanu
- Department of Medicine (T.V., P.K., D.R., M.P., C.G., M.T., J.-C.T., S.N., S.L., F.M., N.R., L.B., L.R.), Université de Montréal, Quebec, Canada.,Research Centre, Montreal Heart Institute (T.V., M.P., C.G., J.-C.T., M.-C.G., S.K., A.N., L.B., L.R.), Université de Montréal, Quebec, Canada.,Research Centre, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Quebec, Canada (T.V., M.P., C.G., L.B.)
| | - Paul Khairy
- Department of Medicine (T.V., P.K., D.R., M.P., C.G., M.T., J.-C.T., S.N., S.L., F.M., N.R., L.B., L.R.), Université de Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Denis Roy
- Department of Medicine (T.V., P.K., D.R., M.P., C.G., M.T., J.-C.T., S.N., S.L., F.M., N.R., L.B., L.R.), Université de Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Marie Payer
- Department of Medicine (T.V., P.K., D.R., M.P., C.G., M.T., J.-C.T., S.N., S.L., F.M., N.R., L.B., L.R.), Université de Montréal, Quebec, Canada.,Research Centre, Montreal Heart Institute (T.V., M.P., C.G., J.-C.T., M.-C.G., S.K., A.N., L.B., L.R.), Université de Montréal, Quebec, Canada.,Research Centre, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Quebec, Canada (T.V., M.P., C.G., L.B.)
| | - Christine Gagnon
- Department of Medicine (T.V., P.K., D.R., M.P., C.G., M.T., J.-C.T., S.N., S.L., F.M., N.R., L.B., L.R.), Université de Montréal, Quebec, Canada.,Research Centre, Montreal Heart Institute (T.V., M.P., C.G., J.-C.T., M.-C.G., S.K., A.N., L.B., L.R.), Université de Montréal, Quebec, Canada.,Research Centre, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Quebec, Canada (T.V., M.P., C.G., L.B.)
| | - Navin Kaushal
- Department of Health Sciences, School of Health and Human Sciences, Indiana University, Indianapolis (N.K.)
| | - Mario Talajic
- Department of Medicine (T.V., P.K., D.R., M.P., C.G., M.T., J.-C.T., S.N., S.L., F.M., N.R., L.B., L.R.), Université de Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jean-Claude Tardif
- Department of Medicine (T.V., P.K., D.R., M.P., C.G., M.T., J.-C.T., S.N., S.L., F.M., N.R., L.B., L.R.), Université de Montréal, Quebec, Canada.,Research Centre, Montreal Heart Institute (T.V., M.P., C.G., J.-C.T., M.-C.G., S.K., A.N., L.B., L.R.), Université de Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Stanley Nattel
- Department of Medicine (T.V., P.K., D.R., M.P., C.G., M.T., J.-C.T., S.N., S.L., F.M., N.R., L.B., L.R.), Université de Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sandra E Black
- Department of Medicine (Neurology), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada (S.E.B.)
| | - Jeffrey Healey
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.A.)
| | - Sylvain Lanthier
- Department of Medicine (T.V., P.K., D.R., M.P., C.G., M.T., J.-C.T., S.N., S.L., F.M., N.R., L.B., L.R.), Université de Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Fadi Massoud
- Department of Medicine (T.V., P.K., D.R., M.P., C.G., M.T., J.-C.T., S.N., S.L., F.M., N.R., L.B., L.R.), Université de Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Isabelle Nault
- Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et Pneumologie de Québec, Canada (I.N.)
| | - Marie-Claude Guertin
- Research Centre, Montreal Heart Institute (T.V., M.P., C.G., J.-C.T., M.-C.G., S.K., A.N., L.B., L.R.), Université de Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Paul Dorian
- Terrence Donnelly Heart Centre, St Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada (P.D.)
| | - Simon Kouz
- Research Centre, Montreal Heart Institute (T.V., M.P., C.G., J.-C.T., M.-C.G., S.K., A.N., L.B., L.R.), Université de Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Vidal Essebag
- McGill University Health Centre, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Quebec, Canada (V.E.)
| | | | - Normand Racine
- Department of Medicine (T.V., P.K., D.R., M.P., C.G., M.T., J.-C.T., S.N., S.L., F.M., N.R., L.B., L.R.), Université de Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Anna Nozza
- Research Centre, Montreal Heart Institute (T.V., M.P., C.G., J.-C.T., M.-C.G., S.K., A.N., L.B., L.R.), Université de Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Louis Bherer
- Department of Medicine (T.V., P.K., D.R., M.P., C.G., M.T., J.-C.T., S.N., S.L., F.M., N.R., L.B., L.R.), Université de Montréal, Quebec, Canada.,Research Centre, Montreal Heart Institute (T.V., M.P., C.G., J.-C.T., M.-C.G., S.K., A.N., L.B., L.R.), Université de Montréal, Quebec, Canada.,Research Centre, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Quebec, Canada (T.V., M.P., C.G., L.B.)
| | - Léna Rivard
- Department of Medicine (T.V., P.K., D.R., M.P., C.G., M.T., J.-C.T., S.N., S.L., F.M., N.R., L.B., L.R.), Université de Montréal, Quebec, Canada.,Research Centre, Montreal Heart Institute (T.V., M.P., C.G., J.-C.T., M.-C.G., S.K., A.N., L.B., L.R.), Université de Montréal, Quebec, Canada
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Besnier F, Dupuy EG, Gagnon C, Vincent T, Grégoire CA, Blanchette CA, Saillant K, Bouabdallaoui N, Grau JI, Bérubé B, Olmand M, Marin MF, Belleville S, Juneau M, Vitali P, Gayda M, Nigam A, Bherer L. Investigation of the Effects of Home-Based Exercise and Cognitive Training on Cognitive and Physical Functions in Cardiac Patients: The COVEPICARDIO Study Protocol of a Randomized Clinical Trial. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:740834. [PMID: 34938780 PMCID: PMC8685268 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.740834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: During the COVID-19 pandemic, confinement measures are likely to produce collateral damage to health (stress, confusion, anxiety), especially in frail individuals and those living with cardiovascular disease (CVD). In cardiac patients in particular, these measures dramatically increase the level of physical inactivity and sedentary lifestyle, which can decrease cardiorespiratory capacity and increase the risk of acute events, rehospitalization, and depressive syndromes. Maintaining a minimum level of physical activity and cognitive stimulation during the COVID-19 crisis is essential for cardiac patients. This study is designed to document the effects of 6 months of home-based physical exercise alone or combined with cognitive training on cognitive and physical functions in patients with CVD over 50 years old. Methods and Analysis: 122 patients (>50 years old) with stable CVD and no contraindication to perform physical exercise training will be recruited and randomly assigned to one of the 2 following arms: (1) Home-based physical exercise alone, (2) Home-based physical exercise combined with cognitive training. The intervention lasts 6 months, with remote assessments performed prior to, mid and post-training. A follow-up 6 months after the end of the intervention (12 month) is also proposed. The primary outcome is cognition, including general functioning (Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) score), as well as performances on measures of executive functions, processing speed, and episodic memory. The secondary outcome is physical performance, including balance, gait and mobility, leg muscle strength and estimated cardiorespiratory fitness. Tertiary outcomes include mood, anxiety, and health-related quality of life as assessed by self-reported online questionnaires. Discussion: With the COVID-19 crisis, there is a critical need for remote exercise and cognitive training, and to further investigate this topic, in particular for cardiac patients. The present context can be viewed as an opportunity to perform a major shift from center-based programs to home-based physical exercise. This is especially important to reach out to older adults living in remote areas, where access to such interventions is limited. ClinicalTrials.gov: [https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04661189], NCT04661189.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florent Besnier
- Research Center and Centre ÉPIC, Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Emma Gabrielle Dupuy
- Research Center and Centre ÉPIC, Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Christine Gagnon
- Research Center and Centre ÉPIC, Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Thomas Vincent
- Research Center and Centre ÉPIC, Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Caroll-Ann Blanchette
- Research Center and Centre ÉPIC, Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Kathia Saillant
- Research Center and Centre ÉPIC, Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Department of Psychologie, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Nadia Bouabdallaoui
- Research Center and Centre ÉPIC, Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Josep Iglésies Grau
- Research Center and Centre ÉPIC, Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Béatrice Bérubé
- Research Center and Centre ÉPIC, Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Department of Psychologie, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Research Center, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Miloudza Olmand
- Research Center and Centre ÉPIC, Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Marie-France Marin
- Department of Psychologie, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Research Center of the Montreal Mental Health University Institute, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Sylvie Belleville
- Research Center, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Martin Juneau
- Research Center and Centre ÉPIC, Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Paolo Vitali
- McGill University Research Centre for Studies on Aging, Montréal, QC, Canada.,McGill University Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Mathieu Gayda
- Research Center and Centre ÉPIC, Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Anil Nigam
- Research Center and Centre ÉPIC, Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Louis Bherer
- Research Center and Centre ÉPIC, Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Research Center, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
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de la Colina AN, Badji A, Lamarre-Cliche M, Bherer L, Girouard H, Kaushal N. Arterial Stiffness and Age Moderate the Association Between Physical Activity and Cognition in Older Adults. Innov Aging 2021. [PMCID: PMC8680241 DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igab046.207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Evidence supports that time spent on physical activity has beneficial effects on cognition in older adults. Nevertheless, this beneficial effect is likely to change in function of individual modifying factors like age and level of arterial stiffness. This study aims to reveal whether arterial stiffness and age modulate the positive impact of physical activity on cognition by developing a double moderation model. Methods: 110 healthy older adults aged 60 to 75 years old were examined for arterial stiffness (carotid-femoral Pulse Wave Velocity [cf-PWV]), global cognition (composite score of Montreal Cognitive Assessment, and Mini-Mental State Examination), and self-reported physical activity (PACED diary). Using PROCESS macro for SPSS, we evaluated if cf-PWV (moderator 1), and age (moderator 2) moderate the relationship between physical activity (X) and global cognition (Y). The threshold for high stiffness was set at 8.5 m/s based on previous studies that reported this cut-off more appropriate for classifying cerebrovascular risk groups. Results: The interaction of arterial stiffness x age moderated the effect of physical activity on global cognition (β=-.89, SE=.42, p=.037) (Model: R2=.15, p=.018). Physical activity had a positive effect on cognition in younger-older adults (aged 60 to 68.5 years) with cf-PWV>8.5 m/s (β=.57, SE=.222, p=.011, 95% CI.133 to 1.014) and on older-older adults (aged 68.6 to 75 years) with cf-PWV<8.5 m/s (β=.49, SE=.190, p=.010, 95% CI=.116 to .869). Conclusions: Identifying the right age groups and arterial stiffness levels at which physical activity can have beneficial effects on cognition is a key step in providing tailored behavioral interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Atef Badji
- Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Louis Bherer
- Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Navin Kaushal
- University of Indiana, Bloomington, Indiana, United States
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Bérubé B, Boidin M, Gayda M, Vincent T, Tremblay J, Juneau M, Nigam A, Bherer L. Acute effects of exercise on cerebrovascular response and cognitive performance in individuals with stable coronary heart disease. Brain Res 2021; 1772:147671. [PMID: 34606749 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2021.147671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individuals with coronary heart disease (CHD) exhibit cognitive deficits and cerebrovascular dysfunctions, and are at higher risk of developing dementia. Cognitive function in individuals with CHD has never been studied during acute aerobic exercise. Given the increasing popularity of training at high peak power output (PPO), its impact on cerebrovascular and cognitive functions in individuals with CHD should be further studied. METHOD Thirty-eight individuals with CHD and 16 healthy controls completed two exercise bouts at 30% and 70% of their individualized PPO on an ergocycle while performing a cognitive task including non-executive and executive conditions. Variations of oxy- deoxy-hemoglobin, and total hemoglobin concentrations were measured on left prefrontal cortex at both PPO using near-infrared spectroscopy. RESULTS Cognitive task performances were equivalent between groups at all intensity levels. Individuals with CHD exhibited larger variation of deoxyhemoglobin in the executive condition and larger variation in total hemoglobin concentration in all task conditions compared to healthy controls at 70% of PPO. CONCLUSION Exercising at high intensity seems to have a larger impact on cerebral blood volume in CHD patients compared to healthy age-matched controls. Higher exercise intensity has negative impacts on cerebral blood volume variations during a cognitive task in CHD patients and could potentially lead to other neurocognitive dysfunctions. Other studies are needed to determine if a cognitive task administered during an exercise test could help identify individuals with CHD at higher risk of developing cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Bérubé
- Research Center and Preventive Medicine and Physical Activity Center (EPIC), Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Research Center, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
| | - M Boidin
- Research Center and Preventive Medicine and Physical Activity Center (EPIC), Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada; School of Kinesiology and Exercise Science, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - M Gayda
- Research Center and Preventive Medicine and Physical Activity Center (EPIC), Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Research Center, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - T Vincent
- Research Center and Preventive Medicine and Physical Activity Center (EPIC), Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Research Center, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - J Tremblay
- School of Kinesiology and Exercise Science, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - M Juneau
- Research Center and Preventive Medicine and Physical Activity Center (EPIC), Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Research Center, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - A Nigam
- Research Center and Preventive Medicine and Physical Activity Center (EPIC), Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Research Center, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - L Bherer
- Research Center and Preventive Medicine and Physical Activity Center (EPIC), Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Research Center, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
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Vrinceanu T, Blanchette CA, Intzandt B, Lussier M, Pothier K, Vu TTM, Nigam A, Bosquet L, Karelis AD, Li KZH, Berryman N, Bherer L. A Comparison of the Effect of Physical Activity and Cognitive Training on Dual-Task Performance in Older Adults. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci 2021; 77:1069-1079. [PMID: 34865009 PMCID: PMC9159062 DOI: 10.1093/geronb/gbab216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Studies suggest that cognitive training and physical activity can improve age-related deficits in dual-task performances. However, both of these interventions have never been compared in the same study. This article investigates the improvement in dual-task performance in 2 types of exercise training groups and a cognitive training group and explores if there are specific dual-task components that are more sensitive or more likely to improve following each type of training. METHODS Seventy-eight healthy inactive participants older than the age of 60 (M = 69.98, SD = 5.56) were randomized to one of three 12-week training programs: aerobic training (AET) = 26, gross motor abilities (GMA) = 27, and cognition (COG) = 25. Before and after the training program, the participants underwent physical fitness tests, and cognitive evaluations involving a computerized cognitive dual task. The AET consisted of high- and low-intensity aerobic training, the GMA of full-body exercises focusing on agility, balance, coordination, and stretching, and the COG of tablet-based exercises focusing on executive functions. RESULTS Repeated-measures analysis of variance on reaction time data revealed a group × time interaction (F(2,75) = 11.91, p < .01) with COG having the greatest improvement, followed by a significant improvement in the GMA group. Secondary analysis revealed the COG to also improve the intraindividual variability in reaction time (F(1,24) = 8.62, p < .01), while the GMA improved the dual-task cost (F(1,26) = 12.74, p < .01). DISCUSSION The results show that physical and cognitive training can help enhance dual-task performance by improving different aspects of the task, suggesting that different mechanisms are in play.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tudor Vrinceanu
- Department of Medicine, University of Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada,Research Centre, Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Caroll-Ann Blanchette
- Department of Medicine, University of Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada,Research Centre, Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Brittany Intzandt
- Research Centre, Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Quebec, Canada,School of Graduate Studies, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Maxime Lussier
- Research Centre, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada,Rehabilitation Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Kristell Pothier
- Research Centre, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada,EA 2114, Psychologie des Âges de la Vie et Adaptation, University of Tours, Tours, France
| | - Thien Tuong Minh Vu
- Department of Medicine, University of Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada,Research Centre, Centre hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Anil Nigam
- Department of Medicine, University of Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada,Research Centre, Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Laurent Bosquet
- Laboratoire MOVE (EA6314), Université de Poitiers, Faculté des sciences du sport, Poitiers, France,Ecole de kinésiologie et des sciences de l’activité physique, Faculté de médecine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Antony D Karelis
- Research Centre, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada,Département des Sciences de l’Activité Physique, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Karen Z H Li
- PERFORM Centre, Concordia University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada,Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Nicolas Berryman
- Research Centre, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada,Département des Sciences de l’Activité Physique, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Louis Bherer
- Address correspondence to: Louis Bherer, PhD, Centre de Recherche, Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, 5000 Belanger, Montréal, QC H1T 1C8, Canada. E-mail:
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Montero‐Odasso M, Jarrett P, Handrigan G, Chamard‐Witkowski L, Bouchard DR, Tranchant CC, Yetman L, Belleville S, Chertkow H, Feldman H, Nygaard HB, Almeida QJ, Bherer L, Liu‐Ambrose T, Middleton LE, Speechley MR, Kamkar N, McGibbon CA. The SYNERGIC RCTs from Can Thumbs Up: Canadian experience in migrating lifestyle interventions to an @Home‐based program to enhance cognition. Alzheimers Dement 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.055806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Montero‐Odasso
- Parkwood Institute London ON Canada
- Schulich School of Medicine& Dentistry, Division of Geriatric Medicine ,Western University London ON Canada
| | | | | | - Ludivine Chamard‐Witkowski
- Dr. Georges L. Dumont University Hospital, Vitalité Health Network, Centre de Formation Médicale du Nouveau‐Brunswick Moncton NB Canada
| | | | - Carole C Tranchant
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Community Services, Université de Moncton Moncton NB Canada
| | | | | | | | - Howard Feldman
- Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative Study, University of California San Diego La Jolla CA USA
| | | | | | | | - Teresa Liu‐Ambrose
- University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health Vancouver BC Canada
| | | | | | | | - Chris A McGibbon
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of New Brunswick Fredericton NB Canada
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Predovan D, Berryman N, Lussier M, Comte F, Vu TTM, Villalpando JM, Bherer L. Assessment of the Relationship Between Executive Function and Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Healthy Older Adults. Front Psychol 2021; 12:742184. [PMID: 34803824 PMCID: PMC8595132 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.742184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Associations between cardiorespiratory fitness and brain health in healthy older adults have been reported using a variety of cardiorespiratory fitness estimates (CRFe). Using commonly used methods to determine CRF, we assessed the relationship between CRFe and executive function performance. Healthy older adults (n = 60, mean age 68 years, 77% women), underwent three CRF tests: a Maximal Graded Exercise Test performed on a cycle ergometer, the Rockport Fitness Walking Test, and a Non-Exercise Prediction Equation. Executive function was assessed by a computerized cognitive assessment using an N-Back task (updating cost) and a Stroop task (interference cost, global and local switch cost). Multiple hierarchical regression analyses were conducted to assess the relationship between different CRFe and executive function performance. Regardless of age and education, cardiorespiratory fitness estimated from the Maximal Graded Exercise Test and the Rockport Fitness Walking Test was significantly associated with the global switch cost. All CRFe were associated with the interference cost. No association was observed between CRFe and local switching costs or the updating costs. In the present study, not all subcomponents of executive function were related to CRFe. Interestingly, the executive functions that were associated with CRFe are those that are known to be the most affected by aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Predovan
- Centre de Recherche, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Département de Psychologie, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Centre de Recherche, Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Nicolas Berryman
- Centre de Recherche, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Département des Sciences de l'Activité Physique, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Maxime Lussier
- Centre de Recherche, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Département de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Francis Comte
- Centre de Recherche, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Thien Tuong Minh Vu
- Centre de Recherche, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Département de Médecine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Service de Gériatrie, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Louis Bherer
- Centre de Recherche, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Centre de Recherche, Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Département de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.,PERFORM Centre, Concordia University, Montréal, QC, Canada
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46
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Barry H, Gendron P, Gagnon C, Bherer L, Gagnon D. Passive heat acclimation does not modulate processing speed and executive functions during cognitive tasks performed at fixed levels of thermal strain. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2021; 47:261-268. [PMID: 34710341 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2021-0243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study evaluated if passive controlled hyperthermia heat acclimation (HA) modulates cognitive performance during passive heat stress. METHODS Eight healthy adults (25 ± 4 years) underwent 7 consecutive days of hot water immersion (core temperature ≥38.6°C) and a 7-day time-control period. On days 1 and 7 of HA, participants performed a digital Stroop test at baseline, when core temperature reached 38.6°C, and after 60 minutes at a core temperature ≥38.6°C to evaluate reaction time during tasks targeting processing speed (reading and counting) and executive functions (inhibition and switching). On days 1 and 7 of the time-control intervention, participants performed the Stroop test with equivalent amounts of time separating each task as for HA. RESULTS During day 1 of HA, reaction time was quicker during the reading (-44 ms [-71, -17], P<0.01) and counting (-39 ms [-76, -2], P=0.04) tasks when rectal temperature reached 38.6°C, but after a further 60 minutes of heat exposure, reaction time only remained quicker during the reading task (-56 ms [-83, -29], P<0.01). Changes in reaction time during heat exposure were unaffected by subsequent HA (interaction, all P≥0.09). CONCLUSION Seven days of HA does not modulate processing speed and executive functions during passive heat exposure. Novelty: - Whether heat acclimation (HA) to improve cognitive performance during heat exposure remains understudied. - We tested the hypothesis that HA modulates reaction time during cognitive tasks performed at matched levels of thermal strain. - Despite classical signs of HA, reaction time during heat exposure was unaffected by HA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadiatou Barry
- Montreal Heart Institute, 25465, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Universite de Montreal, 5622, Montreal, Quebec, Canada;
| | - Philippe Gendron
- Universite du Quebec a Trois-Rivieres, 14847, DSAP, Trois-Rivieres, Quebec, Canada;
| | | | - Louis Bherer
- Montreal Heart Institute, 25465, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Universite de Montreal, 5622, Montreal, Quebec, Canada;
| | - Daniel Gagnon
- Montreal Heart Institute, 25465, Montreal, Canada.,Université de Montréal, 5622, Montreal, Canada;
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47
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Iglesies-Grau J, Dionne V, Latour E, Pelletier V, Bisaillon M, Aubut L, Hamrioui N, Bherer L, Bouabdallaoui N, Nigam A, Juneau M. IMPACT OF MULTIPLE LIFESTYLE INTERVENTION ON BODY WEIGHT, INSULIN SENSITIVITY AND REMISSION OF TYPE 2 DIABETES: A SINGLE-CENTER EXPERIENCE. Can J Cardiol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2021.07.184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Sabra D, Intzandt B, Desjardins-Crepeau L, Langeard A, Steele CJ, Frouin F, Hoge RD, Bherer L, Gauthier CJ. Sex moderations in the relationship between aortic stiffness, cognition, and cerebrovascular reactivity in healthy older adults. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0257815. [PMID: 34582484 PMCID: PMC8478243 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0257815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well established that sex differences exist in the manifestation of vascular diseases. Arterial stiffness (AS) has been associated with changes in cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) and cognitive decline in aging. Specifically, older adults with increased AS show a decline on executive function (EF) tasks. Interestingly, the relationship between AS and CVR is more complex, where some studies show decreased CVR with increased AS, and others demonstrate preserved CVR despite higher AS. Here, we investigated the possible role of sex on these hemodynamic relationships. Acquisitions were completed in 48 older adults. Pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling (pCASL) data were collected during a hypercapnia challenge. Aortic pulse wave velocity (PWV) data was acquired using cine phase contrast velocity series. Cognitive function was assessed with a comprehensive neuropsychological battery, and a composite score for EF was calculated using four cognitive tests from the neuropsychological battery. A moderation model test revealed that sex moderated the relationship between PWV and CVR and PWV and EF, but not between CVR and EF. Together, our results indicate that the relationships between central stiffness, cerebral hemodynamics and cognition are in part mediated by sex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalia Sabra
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biomedical Science, Université de Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Centre de recherche de l’Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM), Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Universite de Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Brittany Intzandt
- Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Centre de recherche de l’Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM), Montréal, QC, Canada
- PERFORM Centre, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- INDI Department, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Laurence Desjardins-Crepeau
- Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Centre de recherche de l’Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Antoine Langeard
- Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Centre de recherche de l’Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM), Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Universite de Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Christopher J. Steele
- PERFORM Centre, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Richard D. Hoge
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
- Montreal Neurological Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Louis Bherer
- Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Centre de recherche de l’Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM), Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Universite de Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Claudine J. Gauthier
- Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
- PERFORM Centre, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Physics Department, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- * E-mail:
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49
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Badji A, de la Colina AN, Boshkovski T, Sabra D, Karakuzu A, Robitaille-Grou MC, Gros C, Joubert S, Bherer L, Lamarre-Cliche M, Stikov N, Gauthier CJ, Cohen-Adad J, Girouard H. A Cross-Sectional Study on the Impact of Arterial Stiffness on the Corpus Callosum, a Key White Matter Tract Implicated in Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 77:591-605. [PMID: 32741837 DOI: 10.3233/jad-200668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vascular risk factors such as arterial stiffness play an important role in the etiology of Alzheimer's disease (AD), presumably due to the emergence of white matter lesions. However, the impact of arterial stiffness to white matter structure involved in the etiology of AD, including the corpus callosum remains poorly understood. OBJECTIVE The aims of the study are to better understand the relationship between arterial stiffness, white matter microstructure, and perfusion of the corpus callosum in older adults. METHODS Arterial stiffness was estimated using the gold standard measure of carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV). Cognitive performance was evaluated with the Trail Making Test part B-A. Neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging was used to obtain microstructural information such as neurite density and extracellular water diffusion. The cerebral blood flow was estimated using arterial spin labelling. RESULTS cfPWV better predicts the microstructural integrity of the corpus callosum when compared with other index of vascular aging (the augmentation index, the systolic blood pressure, and the pulse pressure). In particular, significant associations were found between the cfPWV, an alteration of the extracellular water diffusion, and a neuronal density increase in the body of the corpus callosum which was also correlated with the performance in cognitive flexibility. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that arterial stiffness is associated with an alteration of brain integrity which impacts cognitive function in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atef Badji
- NeuroPoly Lab, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Polytechnique Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Centre de recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM), Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Groupe de Recherche sur le Système Nerveux Central (GRSNC), Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Centre interdisciplinaire de recherche sur le cerveau et l'apprentissage (CIRCA), Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Adrián Noriega de la Colina
- Centre de recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM), Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Groupe de Recherche sur le Système Nerveux Central (GRSNC), Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Centre interdisciplinaire de recherche sur le cerveau et l'apprentissage (CIRCA), Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Tommy Boshkovski
- NeuroPoly Lab, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Polytechnique Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Dalia Sabra
- Centre de recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM), Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada.,PERFORM Centre, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Agah Karakuzu
- NeuroPoly Lab, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Polytechnique Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Charley Gros
- NeuroPoly Lab, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Polytechnique Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Sven Joubert
- Centre de recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM), Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Louis Bherer
- Centre de recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM), Montreal, QC, Canada.,Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Maxime Lamarre-Cliche
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Nikola Stikov
- NeuroPoly Lab, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Polytechnique Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Claudine J Gauthier
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Physics Department, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,PERFORM Centre, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Julien Cohen-Adad
- NeuroPoly Lab, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Polytechnique Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Centre de recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM), Montreal, QC, Canada.,Functional Neuroimaging Unit, Centre de recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM), Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Hélène Girouard
- Centre de recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM), Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Groupe de Recherche sur le Système Nerveux Central (GRSNC), Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Centre interdisciplinaire de recherche sur le cerveau et l'apprentissage (CIRCA), Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
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50
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Bherer L, Langeard A, Kaushal N, Vrinceanu T, Desjardins-Crépeau L, Langlois F, Kramer AF. Physical Exercise Training Effect and Mediation Through Cardiorespiratory Fitness on Dual-Task Performances Differ in Younger-Old and Older-Old Adults. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci 2021; 76:219-228. [PMID: 31121030 DOI: 10.1093/geronb/gbz066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE It has often been reported that dual-task (DT) performance declines with age. Physical exercise can help improve cognition, but these improvements could depend on cognitive functions and age groups. Moreover, the mechanisms supporting this enhancement are not fully elucidated. This study investigated the impacts of physical exercise on single- and dual-task performance in younger-old (<70) and older-old (70+) adults. The study also assessed whether the training effect on cognition was mediated by improvement in cardiorespiratory fitness. METHODS One hundred forty-three participants (65-89 years) took part in a physical exercise intervention for 3 months or were assigned to a control group. All participants completed a DT paradigm and an estimated measure of cardiorespiratory fitness. Regression models were used to test the training effect on these outcomes, and mediation analyses were used to determine whether the training-related cognitive changes were mediated by changes in cardiorespiratory fitness. RESULTS In 70+, training predicted improved processing speed (βc = -.33) and cardiorespiratory fitness (βa = .26) and the effect of training on processing speed was fully mediated by change in cardiorespiratory fitness (βab = -.12). In <70, training predicted improvement in task-set cost (βc = -.26) and change in cardiorespiratory fitness (βa = .30) but improvement in task-set cost was not entirely mediated by change in cardiorespiratory fitness. DISCUSSION Results are discussed in terms of the mechanisms supporting DT performance improvement following physical exercise training in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis Bherer
- Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Canada.,Research Centre, Montreal Heart Institute, Canada.,Centre de Recherche, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Canada
| | - Antoine Langeard
- Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Canada.,Research Centre, Montreal Heart Institute, Canada.,Centre de Recherche, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Canada
| | - Navin Kaushal
- Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Canada.,Research Centre, Montreal Heart Institute, Canada.,Centre de Recherche, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Canada
| | - Tudor Vrinceanu
- Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Canada.,Research Centre, Montreal Heart Institute, Canada.,Centre de Recherche, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Canada
| | - Laurence Desjardins-Crépeau
- Research Centre, Montreal Heart Institute, Canada.,Centre de Recherche, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Canada
| | - Francis Langlois
- CIUSSS de l'Estrie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Canada
| | - Arthur F Kramer
- Beckman Institute, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Illinois.,Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts
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