1
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Boateng ST, Roy T, Torrey K, Owunna U, Banang-Mbeumi S, Basnet D, Niedda E, Alexander AD, Hage DE, Atchimnaidu S, Nagalo BM, Aryal D, Findley A, Seeram NP, Efimova T, Sechi M, Hill RA, Ma H, Chamcheu JC, Murru S. Synthesis, in silico modelling, and in vitro biological evaluation of substituted pyrazole derivatives as potential anti-skin cancer, anti-tyrosinase, and antioxidant agents. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2023; 38:2205042. [PMID: 37184042 PMCID: PMC10187093 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2023.2205042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Twenty-five azole compounds (P1-P25) were synthesised using regioselective base-metal catalysed and microwave-assisted approaches, fully characterised by high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and infrared spectra (IR) analyses, and evaluated for anticancer, anti-tyrosinase, and anti-oxidant activities in silico and in vitro. P25 exhibited potent anticancer activity against cells of four skin cancer (SC) lines, with selectivity for melanoma (A375, SK-Mel-28) or non-melanoma (A431, SCC-12) SC cells over non-cancerous HaCaT-keratinocytes. Clonogenic, scratch-wound, and immunoblotting assay data were consistent with anti-proliferative results, expression profiling therewith implicating intrinsic and extrinsic apoptosis activation. In a mushroom tyrosinase inhibition assay, P14 was most potent among the compounds (half-maximal inhibitory concentration where 50% of cells are dead, IC50 15.9 μM), with activity greater than arbutin and kojic acid. Also, P6 exhibited noteworthy free radical-scavenging activity. Furthermore, in silico docking and absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET) simulations predicted prominent-phenotypic actives to engage diverse cancer/hyperpigmentation-related targets with relatively high affinities. Altogether, promising early-stage hits were identified - some with multiple activities - warranting further hit-to-lead optimisation chemistry with further biological evaluations, towards identifying new skin-cancer and skin-pigmentation renormalising agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel T. Boateng
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA, USA
| | - Tithi Roy
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA, USA
| | - Kara Torrey
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Bioactive Botanical Research Laboratory, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA
| | - Uchechi Owunna
- School of Sciences, College of Arts, Education and Sciences, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA, USA
| | - Sergette Banang-Mbeumi
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA, USA
- School of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences, Louisiana Delta Community College, Monroe, LA, USA
| | - David Basnet
- School of Sciences, College of Arts, Education and Sciences, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA, USA
| | - Eleonora Niedda
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Alexis D. Alexander
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA, USA
| | - Denzel El Hage
- School of Sciences, College of Arts, Education and Sciences, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA, USA
| | - Siriki Atchimnaidu
- School of Sciences, College of Arts, Education and Sciences, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA, USA
| | - Bolni Marius Nagalo
- Department of Pathology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences (UAMS), Little Rock, AR, USA
- The Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, UAMS, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Dinesh Aryal
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Affairs and Research, Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine, Monroe, LA, USA
| | - Ann Findley
- School of Sciences, College of Arts, Education and Sciences, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA, USA
| | - Navindra P. Seeram
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Bioactive Botanical Research Laboratory, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA
| | - Tatiana Efimova
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Mario Sechi
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Ronald A. Hill
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA, USA
| | - Hang Ma
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Bioactive Botanical Research Laboratory, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA
| | - Jean Christopher Chamcheu
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA, USA
| | - Siva Murru
- School of Sciences, College of Arts, Education and Sciences, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA, USA
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2
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Esposito F, Pala N, Carcelli M, Boateng ST, D'Aquila PS, Mariani A, Satta S, Chamcheu JC, Sechi M, Sanna V. α-Glucosidase inhibition by green, white and oolong teas: in vitro activity and computational studies. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2023; 38:2236802. [PMID: 37470394 PMCID: PMC10361001 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2023.2236802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural α-glucosidase inhibitors from plant-based foods such as catechins offer an attractive strategy for their potential anti-diabetic effects. In this study, infusions of three different tea types (green, white, and oolong) were investigated for their total phenolic (TPC) and catechins (EGCG, ECG, EGC, and EC) content, and for their α-glucosidase inhibitory activities. We observed that the level of TPC in white tea was significantly higher compared to oolong and green tea, which suggests higher content of EGCG and ECG catechins in fresh young leaves. Our findings showed that the higher content of such catechins in the infusion of white tea well correlated with a strong inhibition of α-glucosidase, and such inhibition was demonstrated to be more effective than the FDA-approved drug acarbose. Then, we computationally explored the molecular requirements for enzyme inhibition, especially for the most active catechins EGCG and ECG, as well as their disposition/stability within the active site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Esposito
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, Laboratory of Drug Design and Nanomedicine, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Nicolino Pala
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, Laboratory of Drug Design and Nanomedicine, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Mauro Carcelli
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Samuel T Boateng
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA, USA
| | - Paolo S D'Aquila
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Alberto Mariani
- Department of Chemical, Physical, Mathematical and Natural Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Sandro Satta
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jean Christopher Chamcheu
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA, USA
| | - Mario Sechi
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, Laboratory of Drug Design and Nanomedicine, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
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3
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Pagnozzi D, Pala N, Biosa G, Dallocchio R, Dessì A, Singh PK, Rogolino D, Di Fiore A, De Simone G, Supuran CT, Sechi M. Interaction Studies between Carbonic Anhydrase and a Sulfonamide Inhibitor by Experimental and Theoretical Approaches. ACS Med Chem Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.1c00644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Pagnozzi
- Porto Conte Ricerche, Science and Technology Park of Sardinia, S.P. 55 Porto Conte/Capo Caccia Km 8.400, Loc. Tramariglio n. 15, 07041 Alghero, Sassari, Italy
| | - Nicolino Pala
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Via Vienna 2, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Grazia Biosa
- Porto Conte Ricerche, Science and Technology Park of Sardinia, S.P. 55 Porto Conte/Capo Caccia Km 8.400, Loc. Tramariglio n. 15, 07041 Alghero, Sassari, Italy
| | - Roberto Dallocchio
- Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare - CNR, Traversa La Crucca 3, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Alessandro Dessì
- Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare - CNR, Traversa La Crucca 3, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Pankaj Kumar Singh
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Via Vienna 2, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Dominga Rogolino
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Anna Di Fiore
- Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini-CNR, via Mezzocannone 16, 80134 Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppina De Simone
- Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini-CNR, via Mezzocannone 16, 80134 Naples, Italy
| | - Claudiu T. Supuran
- Polo Scientifico, Neurofarba Department and Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Room 188, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Mario Sechi
- Department of Medical Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, Via Vienna 2, 07100 Sassari, Italy
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Sanna V, Satta S, Hsiai T, Sechi M. Development of targeted nanoparticles loaded with antiviral drugs for SARS-CoV-2 inhibition. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 231:114121. [PMID: 35114539 PMCID: PMC8755562 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Recently, a novel coronavirus, known as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has raised global concerns, being the etiological agent of the current pandemic infectious coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Specific prophylactic treatments like vaccines, have been authorized for use by regulatory bodies in multiple countries, however there is an urgent need to identify new, safe, and targeted therapeutics as post-exposure therapy for COVID-19. Among a plethora of potential pharmacological targets, the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) membrane receptor, which plays a crucial role in viral entry, is representing an attractive intervention opportunity for SARS-CoV-2 antiviral discovery process. In this scenario, we envisioned that binding to ACE2 by multivalent attachment of ligands to nanocarriers incorporating antiviral therapeutics, it would increase receptor avidity and impart specificity to these nanovectors for host cells, particularly in the pulmonary tract, which is the primary entry route for SARS-CoV-2. Herein, we report the design and development of novel polymeric nanoparticles (NP), densely grafted with various ligands to selectively bind to ACE2, as innovative nanovectors for targeted drug delivery. We first evaluated the impact of these biocompatible targeted NP (TNP) on ligand binding toward ACE2 and measured their competition ability vs a model of spike protein (Lipo-S1). Next, we tested the effectiveness of the most performing nanoprotopype, TNP-1, loaded with a model anti-SARS-CoV-2 drug such as remdesivir (RDV), on antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2 infected Vero E6 cells. The RDV-TNP-1 exhibited a significantly improved antiviral effect compared to RDV at the same concentration. Interestingly, unloaded TNP (TNP-1E) also exhibited a basal antiviral activity, potentially due to a direct competitive mechanism with viral particles for the ACE2 binding site. We also measured the anti-exopeptidase activity of TNP-1E against ACE2 protein. Collectively, these insights warrant in-depth preclinical development for our nanoprototypes, for example as potential inhalable drug carriers, with the perspective of a clinical translation.
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5
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Roy T, Boateng ST, Banang-Mbeumi S, Singh PK, Basnet P, Chamcheu RCN, Ladu F, Chauvin I, Spiegelman VS, Hill RA, Kousoulas KG, Nagalo BM, Walker AL, Fotie J, Murru S, Sechi M, Chamcheu JC. Synthesis, inverse docking-assisted identification and in vitro biological characterization of Flavonol-based analogs of fisetin as c-Kit, CDK2 and mTOR inhibitors against melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers. Bioorg Chem 2020; 107:104595. [PMID: 33450548 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.104595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Due to hurdles, including resistance, adverse effects, and poor bioavailability, among others linked with existing therapies, there is an urgent unmet need to devise new, safe, and more effective treatment modalities for skin cancers. Herein, a series of flavonol-based derivatives of fisetin, a plant-based flavonoid identified as an anti-tumorigenic agent targeting the mammalian targets of rapamycin (mTOR)-regulated pathways, were synthesized and fully characterized. New potential inhibitors of receptor tyrosine kinases (c-KITs), cyclin-dependent kinase-2 (CDK2), and mTOR, representing attractive therapeutic targets for melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSCs) treatment, were identified using inverse-docking, in vitro kinase activity and various cell-based anticancer screening assays. Eleven compounds exhibited significant inhibitory activities greater than the parent molecule against four human skin cancer cell lines, including melanoma (A375 and SK-Mel-28) and NMSCs (A431 and UWBCC1), with IC50 values ranging from 0.12 to < 15 μM. Seven compounds were identified as potentially potent single, dual or multi-kinase c-KITs, CDK2, and mTOR kinase inhibitors after inverse-docking and screening against twelve known cancer targets, followed by kinase activity profiling. Moreover, the potent compound F20, and the multi-kinase F9 and F17 targeted compounds, markedly decreased scratch wound closure, colony formation, and heightened expression levels of key cancer-promoting pathway molecular targets c-Kit, CDK2, and mTOR. In addition, these compounds downregulated Bcl-2 levels and upregulated Bax and cleaved caspase-3/7/8 and PARP levels, thus inducing apoptosis of A375 and A431 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Overall, compounds F20, F9 and F17, were identified as promising c-Kit, CDK2 and mTOR inhibitors, worthy of further investigation as therapeutics, or as adjuvants to standard therapies for the control of melanoma and NMSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tithi Roy
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana-Monroe, Monroe, LA 71209-0497, USA
| | - Samuel T Boateng
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana-Monroe, Monroe, LA 71209-0497, USA
| | - Sergette Banang-Mbeumi
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana-Monroe, Monroe, LA 71209-0497, USA
| | - Pankaj K Singh
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Via Vienna 2, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Pratik Basnet
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana-Monroe, Monroe, LA 71209-0497, USA; Department of Chemistry, University of Louisiana-Monroe, Monroe, LA 71209-0497, USA
| | - Roxane-Cherille N Chamcheu
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana-Monroe, Monroe, LA 71209-0497, USA
| | - Federico Ladu
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Via Vienna 2, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Isabel Chauvin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Louisiana-Monroe, Monroe, LA 71209-0497, USA
| | - Vladimir S Spiegelman
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033-0850, USA
| | - Ronald A Hill
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana-Monroe, Monroe, LA 71209-0497, USA
| | - Konstantin G Kousoulas
- Division of Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA; Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Bolni Marius Nagalo
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic Hospital, 5777 E Mayo Blvd, Phoenix, AZ 85054, USA
| | - Anthony L Walker
- School of Clinical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana-Monroe, Monroe, LA 71209-0497, USA
| | - Jean Fotie
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Southeastern Louisiana University, SELU, Hammond, LA 70402-0878, USA
| | - Siva Murru
- Department of Chemistry, University of Louisiana-Monroe, Monroe, LA 71209-0497, USA
| | - Mario Sechi
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Via Vienna 2, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Jean Christopher Chamcheu
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana-Monroe, Monroe, LA 71209-0497, USA.
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Pala N, Esposito F, Tramontano E, Singh PK, Sanna V, Carcelli M, Haigh LD, Satta S, Sechi M. Development of a Raltegravir-based Photoaffinity-Labeled Probe for Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 Integrase Capture. ACS Med Chem Lett 2020; 11:1986-1992. [PMID: 33062183 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.0c00009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Photoaffinity labeling (PAL) is one of the upcoming and powerful tools in the field of molecular recognition. It includes the determination of dynamic parameters, such as the identification and localization of the target protein and the site of drug binding. In this study, a photoaffinity-labeled probe for full-length human immunodeficiency virus-1 integrase (HIV-1 IN) capture was designed and synthesized, following the structure of the FDA-approved drug Raltegravir. This photoprobe was found to retain the HIV IN inhibitory potential in comparison with its parent molecule and demonstrates the ability to label the HIV-1 IN protein. Putative photoprobe/inhibitor binding sites near the catalytic site were then identified after protein digestion coupled to mass and molecular modeling analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolino Pala
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Laboratory of Drug Design and Nanomedicine, University of Sassari, Sassari 07100, Italy
| | - Francesca Esposito
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari 09042, Italy
| | - Enzo Tramontano
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari 09042, Italy
| | - Pankaj Kumar Singh
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Laboratory of Drug Design and Nanomedicine, University of Sassari, Sassari 07100, Italy
| | - Vanna Sanna
- Nanomater s.r.l., c/o Porto Conte Ricerche, Alghero 07041, Italy
| | - Mauro Carcelli
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma 43124, Italy
| | - Lisa D. Haigh
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, London W12 0BZ, United Kingdom
| | - Sandro Satta
- Centre for Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, United Kingdom
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Mario Sechi
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Laboratory of Drug Design and Nanomedicine, University of Sassari, Sassari 07100, Italy
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7
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Fernández-García Y, Horst ST, Bassetto M, Brancale A, Neyts J, Rogolino D, Sechi M, Carcelli M, Günther S, Rocha-Pereira J. Diketo acids inhibit the cap-snatching endonuclease of several Bunyavirales. Antiviral Res 2020; 183:104947. [PMID: 32980445 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2020.104947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Several fatal bunyavirus infections lack specific treatment. Here, we show that diketo acids engage a panel of bunyavirus cap-snatching endonucleases, inhibit their catalytic activity and reduce viral replication of a taxonomic representative in vitro. Specifically, the non-salt form of L-742,001 and its derivatives exhibited EC50 values between 5.6 and 6.9 μM against a recombinant BUNV-mCherry virus. Structural analysis and molecular docking simulations identified traits of both the class of chemical entities and the viral target that could help the design of novel, more potent molecules for the development of pan-bunyavirus antivirals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaiza Fernández-García
- Department of Virology, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany.
| | | | - Marcella Bassetto
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Swansea University, United Kingdom
| | - Andrea Brancale
- Cardiff School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, United Kingdom
| | - Johan Neyts
- KU Leuven, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Belgium
| | - Dominga Rogolino
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area Delle Scienze, Parma, Italy
| | - Mario Sechi
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Laboratory of Drug Design and Nanomedicine, University of Sassari, Italy
| | - Mauro Carcelli
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area Delle Scienze, Parma, Italy
| | - Stephan Günther
- Department of Virology, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
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8
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Hu S, Sechi M, Singh PK, Dai L, McCann S, Sun D, Ljungman M, Neamati N. A Novel Redox Modulator Induces a GPX4-Mediated Cell Death That Is Dependent on Iron and Reactive Oxygen Species. J Med Chem 2020; 63:9838-9855. [PMID: 32809827 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c01016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Redox modulators have been developed as an attractive approach to treat cancer. Herein, we report the synthesis, identification, and biological evaluation of a quinazolinedione reactive oxygen species (ROS) inducer, QD394, with significant cytotoxicity in pancreatic cancer cells. QD394 shows a transcriptomic profile remarkably similar to napabucasin, a cancer stemness inhibitor. Both small molecules inhibit STAT3 phosphorylation, increase cellular ROS, and decrease the GSH/GSSG ratio. Moreover, QD394 causes an iron- and ROS-dependent, GPX4 mediated cell death, suggesting ferroptosis as a major mechanism. Importantly, QD394 decreases the expression of LRPPRC and PNPT1, two proteins involved in mitochondrial RNA catabolic processes and both negatively correlated with the overall survival of pancreatic cancer patients. Pharmacokinetics-guided lead optimization resulted in the derivative QD394-Me, which showed improved plasma stability and reduced toxicity in mice compared to QD394. Overall, QD394 and QD394-Me represent novel ROS-inducing drug-like compounds warranting further development for the treatment of pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Hu
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Rogel Cancer center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States.,Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Mario Sechi
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Via Vienna 2, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Pankaj Kumar Singh
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Via Vienna 2, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Lipeng Dai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Sean McCann
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Rogel Cancer center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Duxin Sun
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Mats Ljungman
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Rogel Cancer Center and Center for RNA Biomedicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Nouri Neamati
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Rogel Cancer center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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9
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Abstract
Engineered nanoparticles (NPs) to specifically deliver payload therapeutics to target cells involved in pathophysiological processes seem to offer a powerful strategy to overcome intrinsic limitations of drugs. In this Viewpoint we disclose the synergistic potential between medicinal chemistry and nanomedicine to exploit the "targeting concept" in developing effective nanotherapeutics, as well as the challenges and limitations that should be considered in pursuing their clinical translation, especially toward precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanna Sanna
- Nanomater s.r.l., c/o Porto Conte Ricerche, 07041, Alghero, Italy
| | - Mario Sechi
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Laboratory of Drug Design and Nanomedicine, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
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10
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Sanna V, Youssef MF, Pala N, Rogolino D, Carcelli M, Singh PK, Sanchez T, Neamati N, Sechi M. Inhibition of Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 Integrase by β-Diketo Acid Coated Gold Nanoparticles. ACS Med Chem Lett 2020; 11:857-861. [PMID: 32435396 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.9b00648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) have been proposed as carriers for drugs to improve their intrinsic therapeutic activities and to overcome pharmacokinetic problems. In this study, novel nanosystems constituted by a model β-diketo acid (DKA) grafted to the surface of GNPs were designed and synthesized following the "multivalent high-affinity" binding strategy. These first nanoscale DKA prototypes showed improved inhibition of HIV-1 integrase (HIV-1 IN) catalytic activities as compared with free DKA ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanna Sanna
- Nanomater s.r.l., c/o Porto Conte Ricerche, Alghero, Italy
| | - Mohamed Fathy Youssef
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Laboratory of Drug Design and Nanomedicine, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Nicolino Pala
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Laboratory of Drug Design and Nanomedicine, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Dominga Rogolino
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, 43121 Parma, Italy
| | - Mauro Carcelli
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, 43121 Parma, Italy
| | - Pankaj Kumar Singh
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Laboratory of Drug Design and Nanomedicine, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Tino Sanchez
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences − NIH, Rockville, Maryland 20850, United States
| | - Nouri Neamati
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Mario Sechi
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Laboratory of Drug Design and Nanomedicine, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
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11
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Esposito F, Sechi M, Pala N, Sanna A, Koneru PC, Kvaratskhelia M, Naesens L, Corona A, Grandi N, di Santo R, D'Amore VM, Di Leva FS, Novellino E, Cosconati S, Tramontano E. Discovery of dihydroxyindole-2-carboxylic acid derivatives as dual allosteric HIV-1 Integrase and Reverse Transcriptase associated Ribonuclease H inhibitors. Antiviral Res 2019; 174:104671. [PMID: 31812637 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2019.104671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The management of Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection requires life-long treatment that is associated with chronic toxicity and possible selection of drug-resistant strains. A new opportunity for drug intervention is offered by antivirals that act as allosteric inhibitors targeting two viral functions (dual inhibitors). In this work, we investigated the effects of 5,6-dihydroxyindole-2-carboxylic acid (DHICA) derivatives on both HIV-1 Integrase (IN) and Reverse Transcriptase associated Ribonuclease H (RNase H) activities. Among the tested compounds, the dihydroxyindole-carboxamide 5 was able to inhibit in the low micromolar range (1-18 μM) multiple functions of IN, including functional IN-IN interactions, IN-LEDGF/p75 binding and IN catalytic activity. Docking and site-directed mutagenesis studies have suggested that compound 5 binds to a previously described HIV-1 IN allosteric pocket. These observations indicate that 5 is structurally and mechanistically distinct from the published allosteric HIV-1 IN inhibitors. Moreover, compound 5 also inhibited HIV-1 RNase H function, classifying this molecule as a dual HIV-1 IN and RNase H inhibitor able to impair the HIV-1 virus replication in cell culture. Overall, we identified a new scaffold as a suitable platform for the development of novel dual HIV-1 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Esposito
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria SS554, 09042, Monserrato (CA), Italy.
| | - Mario Sechi
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Via Vienna 2, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Nicolino Pala
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Via Vienna 2, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Adele Sanna
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Via Vienna 2, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Pratibha Chowdary Koneru
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Mamuka Kvaratskhelia
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Lieve Naesens
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Angela Corona
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria SS554, 09042, Monserrato (CA), Italy
| | - Nicole Grandi
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria SS554, 09042, Monserrato (CA), Italy
| | - Roberto di Santo
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, "Sapienza" Università di Roma, Roma, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Maria D'Amore
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Ettore Novellino
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Sandro Cosconati
- DiSTABiF, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Via Vivaldi, 43, 81100, Caserta, Italy
| | - Enzo Tramontano
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria SS554, 09042, Monserrato (CA), Italy
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12
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Boraei AT, Singh PK, Sechi M, Satta S. Discovery of novel functionalized 1,2,4-triazoles as PARP-1 inhibitors in breast cancer: Design, synthesis and antitumor activity evaluation. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 182:111621. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.111621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Revised: 08/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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13
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Khan MI, Al Johani A, Hamid A, Ateeq B, Manzar N, Adhami VM, Lall RK, Rath S, Sechi M, Siddiqui IA, Choudhry H, Zamzami MA, Havighurst TC, Huang W, Ntambi JM, Mukhtar H. Proproliferative function of adaptor protein GRB10 in prostate carcinoma. FASEB J 2019; 33:3198-3211. [PMID: 30379590 PMCID: PMC6404554 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201800265rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Growth factor receptor-binding protein 10 (GRB10) is a well-known adaptor protein and a recently identified substrate of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). Depletion of GRB10 increases insulin sensitivity and overexpression suppresses PI3K/Akt signaling. Because the major reason for the limited efficacy of PI3K/Akt-targeted therapies in prostate cancer (PCa) is loss of mTOR-regulated feedback suppression, it is therefore important to assess the functional importance and regulation of GRB10 under these conditions. On the basis of these background observations, we explored the status and functional impact of GRB10 in PCa and found maximum expression in phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN)-deficient PCa. In human PCa samples, GRB10 inversely correlated with PTEN and positively correlated with pAKT levels. Knockdown of GRB10 in nontumorigenic PTEN null mouse embryonic fibroblasts and tumorigenic PCa cell lines reduced Akt phosphorylation and selectively activated a panel of receptor tyrosine kinases. Similarly, overexpression of GRB10 in PTEN wild-type PCa cell lines accelerated tumorigenesis and induced Akt phosphorylation. In PTEN wild-type PCa, GRB10 overexpression promoted mediated PTEN interaction and degradation. PI3K (but not mTOR) inhibitors reduced GRB10 expression, suggesting primarily PI3K-driven regulation of GRB10. In summary, our results suggest that GRB10 acts as a major downstream effector of PI3K and has tumor-promoting effects in prostate cancer.-Khan, M. I., Al Johani, A., Hamid, A., Ateeq, B., Manzar, N., Adhami, V. M., Lall, R. K., Rath, S., Sechi, M., Siddiqui, I. A., Choudhry, H., Zamzami, M. A., Havighurst, T. C., Huang, W., Ntambi, J. M., Mukhtar, H. Proproliferatve function of adaptor protein GRB10 in prostate carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Imran Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia;,Cancer Metabolism and Epigenetic Unit, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia;,Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA;,Correspondence: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia. E-mail:
| | - Ahmed Al Johani
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Abid Hamid
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Bushra Ateeq
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology–Kanpur (IIT–K), Kanpur, India
| | - Nishat Manzar
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology–Kanpur (IIT–K), Kanpur, India
| | - Vaqar Mustafa Adhami
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Rahul K. Lall
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Suvasmita Rath
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Mario Sechi
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Imtiaz Ahmad Siddiqui
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Hani Choudhry
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia;,Cancer Metabolism and Epigenetic Unit, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mazin A. Zamzami
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia;,Cancer Metabolism and Epigenetic Unit, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Thomas C. Havighurst
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - James M. Ntambi
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Hasan Mukhtar
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
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14
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Pinna GA, Sechi M, Paglietti G, Pirisi MA. Addition reactions of Acetylenic Esters to 6,7-Dihydrobenzo[B]Furan-4(5H)-One, 6,7-Dihydroindol-4(5H)-One, 5,6-Dihydrobenzo[B]Furan-7(6H)-One and 5,6-Dihydroindol-7(6H)-One Ketoximes. Formation of Reduced Furo[G]- and Pyrrolo[G]-Indoles. Journal of Chemical Research 2019. [DOI: 10.3184/030823403103173426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Thermal rearrangement of 6,7-dihydrobenzo[ b]furan-4(5 H)-one and 4,5,6,7-tetrahydroindol-4-one 4(7)- O-( E)-(1,2-dimethoxycarbonylvinyl)ketoximes gave 4,5-dihydrofuro[2,3 g]- and 4,5-dihydropyrrolo[2,3 g]- and [3,2- g] indoles, three novel tricyclic systems
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Affiliation(s)
- Gérard Aimè Pinna
- Dipartimento Farmacochimico Tossicologico, University of Sassari, Via Muroni 23/A, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Mario Sechi
- Dipartimento Farmacochimico Tossicologico, University of Sassari, Via Muroni 23/A, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Paglietti
- Dipartimento Farmacochimico Tossicologico, University of Sassari, Via Muroni 23/A, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Maria Antonietta Pirisi
- Dipartimento Farmacochimico Tossicologico, University of Sassari, Via Muroni 23/A, 07100 Sassari, Italy
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15
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Sechi M, Lall RK, Afolabi SO, Singh A, Joshi DC, Chiu SY, Mukhtar H, Syed DN. Fisetin targets YB-1/RSK axis independent of its effect on ERK signaling: insights from in vitro and in vivo melanoma models. Sci Rep 2018; 8:15726. [PMID: 30356079 PMCID: PMC6200766 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-33879-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 10/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The anti-proliferative activity of dietary flavonoid fisetin has been validated in various cancer models. Establishing its precise mechanism of action has proved somewhat challenging given the multiplicity of its targets. We demonstrated that YB-1 promotes epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and its inhibition suppressed tumor cell proliferation and invasion. The p90 ribosomal S6 kinase (RSK), an important ERK effector, activates YB-1 to drive melanoma growth. We found that fisetin treatment of monolayer/3-D melanoma cultures resulted in YB-1 dephosphorylation and reduced transcript levels. In parallel, fisetin suppressed mesenchymal markers and matrix-metalloproteinases in melanoma cells. Data from cell-free/cell-based systems indicated that fisetin inhibited RSK activity through binding to the kinase. Affinity studies for RSK isoforms evaluated stronger interaction for RSK2 than RSK1. Competition assays performed to monitor binding responses revealed that YB-1 and RSK2 do not compete, rather binding of fisetin to RSK2 promotes its binding to YB-1. Fisetin suppressed YB-1/RSK signaling independent of its effect on ERK, and reduced MDR1 levels. Comparable efficacy of fisetin and vemurafenib for inhibiting melanoma growth was noted albeit through divergent modulation of ERK. Our studies provide insight into additional modes of regulation through which fisetin interferes with melanoma growth underscoring its potential therapeutic efficacy in disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Sechi
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Rahul K Lall
- Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, USA
| | - Saheed O Afolabi
- Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, USA
| | - Anant Singh
- Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, USA
| | - Dinesh C Joshi
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Wisconsin, Madison, USA
| | - Shing-Yan Chiu
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Wisconsin, Madison, USA
| | - Hasan Mukhtar
- Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, USA
| | - Deeba N Syed
- Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, USA.
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16
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Kuang Y, Sechi M, Nurra S, Ljungman M, Neamati N. Design and Synthesis of Novel Reactive Oxygen Species Inducers for the Treatment of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. J Med Chem 2018; 61:1576-1594. [PMID: 29328656 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b01463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Altering redox homeostasis provides distinctive therapeutic opportunities for the treatment of pancreatic cancer. Quinazolinediones (QDs) are novel redox modulators that we previously showed to induce potent growth inhibition in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cell lines. Our lead optimization campaign yielded QD325 as the most potent redox modulator candidate inducing substantial reactive oxygen species (ROS) in PDAC cells. Nascent RNA sequencing following treatments with the QD compounds revealed induction of stress responses in nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum, and mitochondria of pancreatic cancer cells. Furthermore, the QD compounds induced Nrf2-mediated oxidative stress and unfolded protein responses as demonstrated by dose-dependent increases in RNA synthesis of representative genes such as NQO1, HMOX1, DDIT3, and HSPA5. At higher concentrations, the QDs blocked mitochondrial function by inhibiting mtDNA transcription and downregulating the mtDNA-encoded OXPHOS enzymes. Importantly, treatments with QD325 were well tolerated in vivo and significantly delayed tumor growth in mice. Our study supports the development of QD325 as a new therapeutic in the treatment of PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Kuang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan , 1600 Huron Parkway, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States.,Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California , 1985 Zonal Avenue, Los Angeles, California 90033, United States
| | - Mario Sechi
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari , Via Vienna 2, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Salvatore Nurra
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari , Via Vienna 2, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Mats Ljungman
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan , 1600 Huron Parkway, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Nouri Neamati
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan , 1600 Huron Parkway, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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17
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Cadoni R, Pala N, Lomelino C, Mahon BP, McKenna R, Dallocchio R, Dessì A, Carcelli M, Rogolino D, Sanna V, Rassu M, Iaccarino C, Vullo D, Supuran CT, Sechi M. Exploring Heteroaryl-pyrazole Carboxylic Acids as Human Carbonic Anhydrase XII Inhibitors. ACS Med Chem Lett 2017; 8:941-946. [PMID: 28947941 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.7b00229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the synthesis, biological evaluation, and structural study of a series of substituted heteroaryl-pyrazole carboxylic acid derivatives. These compounds have been developed as inhibitors of specific isoforms of carbonic anhydrase (CA), with potential as prototypes of a new class of chemotherapeutics. Both X-ray crystallography and computational modeling provide insights into the CA inhibition mechanism. Results indicate that this chemotype produces an indirect interference with the zinc ion, thus behaving differently from other related nonclassical inhibitors. Among the tested compounds, 2c with Ki = 0.21 μM toward hCA XII demonstrated significant antiproliferative activity against hypoxic tumor cell lines. Taken together, the results thus provide the basis of structural determinants for the development of novel anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Cadoni
- Department
of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Via Vienna 2, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Nicolino Pala
- Department
of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Via Vienna 2, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Carrie Lomelino
- Department
of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, 1600 SW Archer Road, PO Box 100245, Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States
| | - Brian P. Mahon
- Department
of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, 1600 SW Archer Road, PO Box 100245, Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States
| | - Robert McKenna
- Department
of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, 1600 SW Archer Road, PO Box 100245, Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States
| | - Roberto Dallocchio
- Istituto CNR di Chimica Biomolecolare, Traversa La Crucca 3, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Alessandro Dessì
- Istituto CNR di Chimica Biomolecolare, Traversa La Crucca 3, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Mauro Carcelli
- Department
of Chemical, Life Science and Environmental Sustinability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Dominga Rogolino
- Department
of Chemical, Life Science and Environmental Sustinability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Vanna Sanna
- Department
of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Via Vienna 2, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Mauro Rassu
- Department
of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Via Muroni 25, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Ciro Iaccarino
- Department
of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Via Muroni 25, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Daniela Vullo
- Polo
Scientifico,
Neurofarba Department and Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Room 188, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Claudiu T. Supuran
- Polo
Scientifico,
Neurofarba Department and Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Room 188, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Mario Sechi
- Department
of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Via Vienna 2, 07100 Sassari, Italy
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18
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Syed D, Fastener S, Sechi M, Mukhtar H. 109 Fisetin/RSK2 complex augments its interaction with YB-1: Inhibition of YB-1/RSK signaling is independent of ERK suppression in chemoresistant melanoma cells. J Invest Dermatol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2017.02.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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19
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Sanna V, Singh CK, Jashari R, Adhami VM, Chamcheu JC, Rady I, Sechi M, Mukhtar H, Siddiqui IA. Targeted nanoparticles encapsulating (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate for prostate cancer prevention and therapy. Sci Rep 2017; 7:41573. [PMID: 28145499 PMCID: PMC5286400 DOI: 10.1038/srep41573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Earlier we introduced the concept of ‘nanochemoprevention’ i.e. the use of nanotechnology to improve the outcome of cancer chemoprevention. Here, we extended our work and developed polymeric EGCG-encapsulated nanoparticles (NPs) targeted with small molecular entities, able to bind to prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA), a transmembrane protein that is overexpressed in prostate cancer (PCa), and evaluated their efficacy in preclinical studies. First, we performed a molecular recognition of DCL- and AG-PEGylation on ligand binding on PSMA active site. Next, the biocompatible polymers PLGA-PEG-A were synthesized and used as base to conjugate DCL or AG to obtain the respective copolymers, needed for the preparation of targeted NPs. The resulting EGCG encapsulating NPs led to an enhanced anti-proliferative activity in PCa cell lines compared to the free EGCG. The behavior of EGCG encapsulated in NPs in modulating apoptosis and cell-cycle, was also determined. Then, in vivo experiments, in mouse xenograft model of prostatic tumor, using EGCG-loaded NPs, with a model of targeted nanosystems, were conducted. The obtained data supported our hypothesis of target-specific enhanced bioavailability and limited unwanted toxicity, thus leading to a significant potential for probable clinical outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanna Sanna
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Laboratory of Nanomedicine, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Chandra K Singh
- School of Medicine and Public Health, Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison WI 53706, USA
| | - Rahime Jashari
- School of Medicine and Public Health, Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison WI 53706, USA
| | - Vaqar M Adhami
- School of Medicine and Public Health, Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison WI 53706, USA
| | - Jean Christopher Chamcheu
- School of Medicine and Public Health, Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison WI 53706, USA
| | - Islam Rady
- School of Medicine and Public Health, Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison WI 53706, USA.,Department of Zoology, University of AL-Azhar, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mario Sechi
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Laboratory of Nanomedicine, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Hasan Mukhtar
- School of Medicine and Public Health, Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison WI 53706, USA
| | - Imtiaz A Siddiqui
- School of Medicine and Public Health, Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison WI 53706, USA
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20
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Chamcheu JC, Adhami VM, Esnault S, Sechi M, Siddiqui IA, Satyshur KA, Syed DN, Dodwad SJM, Chaves-Rodriquez MI, Longley BJ, Wood GS, Mukhtar H. Dual Inhibition of PI3K/Akt and mTOR by the Dietary Antioxidant, Delphinidin, Ameliorates Psoriatic Features In Vitro and in an Imiquimod-Induced Psoriasis-Like Disease in Mice. Antioxid Redox Signal 2017; 26:49-69. [PMID: 27393705 PMCID: PMC5206770 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2016.6769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
AIM The treatment of psoriasis remains elusive, underscoring the need for identifying novel disease targets and mechanism-based therapeutic approaches. We recently reported that the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway that is frequently deregulated in many malignancies is also clinically relevant for psoriasis. We also provided rationale for developing delphinidin (Del), a dietary antioxidant for the management of psoriasis. This study utilized high-throughput biophysical and biochemical approaches and in vitro and in vivo models to identify molecular targets regulated by Del in psoriasis. RESULTS A kinome-level screen and Kds analyses against a panel of 102 human kinase targets showed that Del binds to three lipid (PIK3CG, PIK3C2B, and PIK3CA) and six serine/threonine (PIM1, PIM3, mTOR, S6K1, PLK2, and AURKB) kinases, five of which belong to the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. Surface plasmon resonance and in silico molecular modeling corroborated Del's direct interactions with three PI3Ks (α/c2β/γ), mTOR, and p70S6K. Del treatment of interleukin-22 or TPA-stimulated normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEKs) significantly inhibited proliferation, activation of PI3K/Akt/mTOR components, and secretion of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines. To establish the in vivo relevance of these findings, an imiquimod (IMQ)-induced Balb/c mouse psoriasis-like skin model was employed. Topical treatment of Del significantly decreased (i) hyperproliferation and epidermal thickness, (ii) skin infiltration by immune cells, (iii) psoriasis-related cytokines/chemokines, (iv) PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway activation, and (v) increased differentiation when compared with controls. Innovation and Conclusion: Our observation that Del inhibits key kinases involved in psoriasis pathogenesis and alleviates IMQ-induced murine psoriasis-like disease suggests a novel PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway modulator that could be developed to treat psoriasis. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 26, 49-69.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Christopher Chamcheu
- 1 Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin , Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Vaqar M Adhami
- 1 Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin , Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Stephane Esnault
- 2 Division of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin , Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Mario Sechi
- 3 Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari , Sassari, Italy
| | - Imtiaz A Siddiqui
- 1 Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin , Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Kenneth A Satyshur
- 4 Small Molecule Screening Facility, Carbone Cancer Center, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin , Madison, Wisconsin.,5 Middleton VA Medical Center , Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Deeba N Syed
- 1 Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin , Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Shah-Jahan M Dodwad
- 1 Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin , Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Maria-Ines Chaves-Rodriquez
- 1 Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin , Madison, Wisconsin.,6 Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica , Cartago, Republica de Costa Rica
| | - B Jack Longley
- 1 Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin , Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Gary S Wood
- 1 Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin , Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Hasan Mukhtar
- 1 Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin , Madison, Wisconsin
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21
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Pala N, Esposito F, Rogolino D, Carcelli M, Sanna V, Palomba M, Naesens L, Corona A, Grandi N, Tramontano E, Sechi M. Inhibitory Effect of 2,3,5,6-Tetrafluoro-4-[4-(aryl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-1-yl]benzenesulfonamide Derivatives on HIV Reverse Transcriptase Associated RNase H Activities. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:E1371. [PMID: 27556447 PMCID: PMC5000766 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17081371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Revised: 08/12/2016] [Accepted: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The HIV-1 ribonuclease H (RNase H) function of the reverse transcriptase (RT) enzyme catalyzes the selective hydrolysis of the RNA strand of the RNA:DNA heteroduplex replication intermediate, and represents a suitable target for drug development. A particularly attractive approach is constituted by the interference with the RNase H metal-dependent catalytic activity, which resides in the active site located at the C-terminus p66 subunit of RT. Herein, we report results of an in-house screening campaign that allowed us to identify 4-[4-(aryl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-1-yl]benzenesulfonamides, prepared by the "click chemistry" approach, as novel potential HIV-1 RNase H inhibitors. Three compounds (9d, 10c, and 10d) demonstrated a selective inhibitory activity against the HIV-1 RNase H enzyme at micromolar concentrations. Drug-likeness, predicted by the calculation of a panel of physicochemical and ADME properties, putative binding modes for the active compounds, assessed by computational molecular docking, as well as a mechanistic hypothesis for this novel chemotype are reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolino Pala
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Farmacia, Università di Sassari, Via Vienna 2, I-07100 Sassari, Italy.
| | - Francesca Esposito
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente-Sezione Biomedica, Università di Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria SS554, I-09042 Monserrato, Italy.
| | - Dominga Rogolino
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, I-43124 Parma, Italy.
| | - Mauro Carcelli
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, I-43124 Parma, Italy.
| | - Vanna Sanna
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Farmacia, Università di Sassari, Via Vienna 2, I-07100 Sassari, Italy.
| | - Michele Palomba
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Farmacia, Università di Sassari, Via Vienna 2, I-07100 Sassari, Italy.
| | - Lieve Naesens
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Angela Corona
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente-Sezione Biomedica, Università di Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria SS554, I-09042 Monserrato, Italy.
| | - Nicole Grandi
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente-Sezione Biomedica, Università di Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria SS554, I-09042 Monserrato, Italy.
| | - Enzo Tramontano
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente-Sezione Biomedica, Università di Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria SS554, I-09042 Monserrato, Italy.
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), I-09042 Monserrato, Italy.
| | - Mario Sechi
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Farmacia, Università di Sassari, Via Vienna 2, I-07100 Sassari, Italy.
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22
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Sechi M, Syed DN, Pala N, Mariani A, Marceddu S, Brunetti A, Mukhtar H, Sanna V. Nanoencapsulation of dietary flavonoid fisetin: Formulation and in vitro antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibition activities. Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl 2016; 68:594-602. [PMID: 27524059 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2016.06.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2016] [Revised: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 06/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The bioactive flavonoid fisetin (FS) is a diet-derived antioxidant that is being increasingly investigated for its health-promoting effects. Unfortunately, the poor physicochemical and pharmacokinetic properties affect and limit the clinical application. In this study, novel polymeric nanoparticles (NPs), based on Poly-(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) and PLGA-PEG-COOH, encapsulating FS were formulated as suitable oral controlled release systems. Results showed NPs having a mean diameter of 140-200nm, and a percent loading of FS ranging from 70 to 82%. In vitro release studies revealed that NPs are able to protect and preserve the release of FS in gastric simulated conditions, also controlling the release in the intestinal medium. Moreover, the DPPH and ABTS scavenging capacity of FS, as well as α-glucosidase inhibition activity, that resulted about 20-fold higher than commercial Acarbose, were retained during nanoencapsulation process. In summary, our developed NPs can be proposed as an attractive delivery system to control the release of antioxidant and anti-hyperglycemic FS for nutraceutical and/or therapeutic application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Sechi
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Via Vienna 2, 07100 Sassari, Italy; Laboratory of Nanomedicine, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, c/o Porto Conte Ricerche, Tramariglio, 07041 Alghero, Italy
| | - Deeba N Syed
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, 1300 University Avenue, Madison, USA
| | - Nicolino Pala
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Via Vienna 2, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Alberto Mariani
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Via Vienna 2, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Salvatore Marceddu
- CNR - Istituto Scienze delle Produzioni Alimentari, Traversa La Crucca, 3 - Località Baldinca, 07040 Li Punti, Sassari, Italy
| | - Antonio Brunetti
- POLCOMING Department, Section of Information Engineering, University of Sassari, via Piandanna 4, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Hasan Mukhtar
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, 1300 University Avenue, Madison, USA
| | - Vanna Sanna
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Via Vienna 2, 07100 Sassari, Italy; Laboratory of Nanomedicine, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, c/o Porto Conte Ricerche, Tramariglio, 07041 Alghero, Italy.
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23
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Sanna V, Nurra S, Pala N, Marceddu S, Pathania D, Neamati N, Sechi M. Targeted Nanoparticles for the Delivery of Novel Bioactive Molecules to Pancreatic Cancer Cells. J Med Chem 2016; 59:5209-20. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b01571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vanna Sanna
- Department
of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
- Laboratory
of Nanomedicine, University of Sassari, c/c Porto Conte Ricerche, 07041 Alghero, Italy
| | - Salvatore Nurra
- Department
of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Nicolino Pala
- Department
of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Salvatore Marceddu
- Istituto di Scienze delle Produzioni Alimentari (ISPA)-CNR, sez. di Sassari, 07040 Baldinca, Italy
| | - Divya Pathania
- Department
of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Southern California, School of Pharmacy, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Nouri Neamati
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Translational Oncology
Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Mario Sechi
- Department
of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
- Laboratory
of Nanomedicine, University of Sassari, c/c Porto Conte Ricerche, 07041 Alghero, Italy
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Alterio V, Cadoni R, Esposito D, Vullo D, Fiore AD, Monti SM, Caporale A, Ruvo M, Sechi M, Dumy P, Supuran CT, Simone GD, Winum JY. Benzoxaborole as a new chemotype for carbonic anhydrase inhibition. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:11983-11986. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cc06399c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this paper we provide the first experimental evidence that benzoxaboroles can be used as CA inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Roberta Cadoni
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM) UMR5247 CNRS, ENSCM
- Université de Montpellier
- Montpellier
- France
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Farmacia
| | | | - Daniela Vullo
- Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica
- Polo Scientifico
- Università degli Studi di Firenze
- Sesto Fiorentino
- Florence
| | - Anna Di Fiore
- Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimagini-CNR
- Naples
- Italy
| | | | | | - Menotti Ruvo
- Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimagini-CNR
- Naples
- Italy
| | - Mario Sechi
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Farmacia
- Università degli Studi di Sassari
- Sassari
- Italy
| | - Pascal Dumy
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM) UMR5247 CNRS, ENSCM
- Université de Montpellier
- Montpellier
- France
| | - Claudiu T. Supuran
- Neurofarba Department
- Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutriceutical Sciences
- Università degli Studi di Firenze
- Florence
- Italy
| | | | - Jean-Yves Winum
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM) UMR5247 CNRS, ENSCM
- Université de Montpellier
- Montpellier
- France
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25
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Sanna V, Chamcheu JC, Pala N, Mukhtar H, Sechi M, Siddiqui IA. Nanoencapsulation of natural triterpenoid celastrol for prostate cancer treatment. Int J Nanomedicine 2015; 10:6835-46. [PMID: 26586945 PMCID: PMC4636169 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s93752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Celastrol (CL), a triterpenoid extracted from the Chinese herb Tripterygium wilfordii, has recently attracted interest for its potential antitumor effects. However, unfavorable physicochemical and pharmacokinetics properties such as low solubility, poor bioavailability, and systemic toxicity, are limiting its therapeutic application. In this context, the development of innovative nanocarriers can be useful to overcome these issues, and nanoencapsulation would represent a powerful strategy. In this study, we developed novel CL-loaded poly(ε-caprolactone) nanoparticles (NPs), and investigated their antiproliferative efficacy on prostate cancer cells. CL-NPs were prepared using a nanoprecipitation method and fully characterized by physicochemical techniques. The antiproliferative effects on LNCaP, DU-145, and PC3 cell lines of CL-NPs, compared to those of free CL at different concentrations (0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 µM), were investigated. Moreover, fluorescence microscopy was utilized to examine the cellular uptake of the nanosystems. Furthermore, to elucidate impact of nanoencapsulation on the mechanism of action, Western analyses were conducted to explore apoptosis, migration, proliferation, and angiogenesis alteration of prostate cancer cells. The results confirmed that CL-NPs inhibit proliferation dose dependently in all prostate cancer cells, with inhibitory concentration50 less than 2 µM. In particular, the NPs significantly increased cytotoxicity at lower/medium dose (0.5 and 1.0 µM) on DU145 and PC3 cell lines with respect to free CL, with modulation of apoptotic and cell cycle machinery proteins. To date, this represents the first report on the development of biocompatible polymeric NPs encapsulating CL. Our findings offer new perspectives for the exploitation of developed CL-NPs as suitable prototypes for prostate cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanna Sanna
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy ; Laboratory of Nanomedicine, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | | | - Nicolino Pala
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Hasan Mukhtar
- Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Mario Sechi
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy ; Laboratory of Nanomedicine, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
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26
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Pathania D, Kuang Y, Sechi M, Neamati N. Mechanisms underlying the cytotoxicity of a novel quinazolinedione-based redox modulator, QD232, in pancreatic cancer cells. Br J Pharmacol 2015; 172:50-63. [PMID: 25047070 DOI: 10.1111/bph.12855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2014] [Revised: 06/19/2014] [Accepted: 07/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Pancreatic cancer is characterized by alterations in several key signalling proteins, including increased expression and activity of the Src tyrosine kinase and focal adhesion kinase (FAK), which have been linked to its chemoresistance. Sustained Src inhibition reactivates survival pathways regulated by the transcription factor STAT3, also leading to resistance. Therefore, simultaneously targeting Src/FAK and STAT3 signalling could provide an important strategy for treating pancreatic cancer. Recently, we described novel quinazolinediones that increased generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and were cytotoxic in pancreatic cancer cells. Here, we have investigated effects of our lead compound, QD232, on Src/FAK and STAT3 signalling. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH The major signalling pathways affected by QD232 in pancreatic cancer cell lines were identified by Kinexus proteomic analysis. Changes in key signalling proteins were confirmed by Western blotting. Cell migration was assessed by Boyden chamber and wound healing assays. Direct inhibition of kinase activity in vitro was assayed with a panel of 92 oncogenic kinases. Safety and efficacy of QD232 were determined in a xenograft mouse model of pancreatic cancer. KEY RESULTS QD232 potently inhibited Src/FAK and STAT3 phosphorylation, decreasing pancreatic cancer cell viability and migration. Furthermore, QD232 arrested cell cycle progression and induced apoptosis in these cells at low micromolar concentrations. Effects of QD232 on Src/FAK and STAT3 phosphorylation were blocked by N-acetylcysteine or glutathione. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS QD232 is a novel compound with a unique, ROS-dependent mechanism, effective in drug-resistant cancer cell lines. This compound shows potential as therapy for pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya Pathania
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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27
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Rogolino D, Bacchi A, De Luca L, Rispoli G, Sechi M, Stevaert A, Naesens L, Carcelli M. Investigation of the salicylaldehyde thiosemicarbazone scaffold for inhibition of influenza virus PA endonuclease. J Biol Inorg Chem 2015; 20:1109-21. [PMID: 26323352 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-015-1292-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2015] [Accepted: 08/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The influenza virus PA endonuclease is an attractive target for the development of novel anti-influenza virus therapeutics, which are urgently needed because of the emergence of drug-resistant viral strains. Reported PA inhibitors are assumed to chelate the divalent metal ion(s) (Mg²⁺ or Mn²⁺) in the enzyme's catalytic site, which is located in the N-terminal part of PA (PA-Nter). In the present work, a series of salicylaldehyde thiosemicarbazone derivatives have been synthesized and evaluated for their ability to inhibit the PA-Nter catalytic activity. Compounds 1-6 have been evaluated against influenza virus, both in enzymatic assays with influenza virus PA-Nter and in virus yield assays in MDCK cells. In order to establish a structure-activity relationship, the hydrazone analogue of the most active thiosemicarbazone has also been evaluated. Since chelation may represent a mode of action of such class of molecules, we studied the interaction of two of them, one with and one without biological activity versus the PA enzyme, towards Mg²⁺, the ion that is probably involved in the endonuclease activity of the heterotrimeric influenza polymerase complex. The crystal structure of the magnesium complex of the o-vanillin thiosemicarbazone ligand 1 is also described. Moreover, docking studies of PA endonuclease with compounds 1 and 2 were performed, to further analyse the possible mechanism of action of this class of inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominga Rogolino
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124, Parma, Italy
| | - Alessia Bacchi
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124, Parma, Italy
| | - Laura De Luca
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco e Prodotti per la Salute, Università di Messina, Polo Universitario SS. Annunziata, 98158, Messina, Italy
| | - Gabriele Rispoli
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124, Parma, Italy
| | - Mario Sechi
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Farmacia, Università di Sassari, Via Vienna 2, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Annelies Stevaert
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, 3000, Louvain, Belgium
| | - Lieve Naesens
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, 3000, Louvain, Belgium
| | - Mauro Carcelli
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124, Parma, Italy.
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Pala N, Stevaert A, Dallocchio R, Dessì A, Rogolino D, Carcelli M, Sanna V, Sechi M, Naesens L. Virtual Screening and Biological Validation of Novel Influenza Virus PA Endonuclease Inhibitors. ACS Med Chem Lett 2015; 6:866-71. [PMID: 26288686 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.5b00109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2015] [Accepted: 06/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The influenza virus RNA-dependent RNA polymerase complex (RdRp), a heterotrimeric protein complex responsible for viral RNA transcription and replication, represents a primary target for antiviral drug development. One particularly attractive approach is interference with the endonucleolytic "cap-snatching" reaction by the RdRp subunit PA, more precisely by inhibiting its metal-dependent catalytic activity which resides in the N-terminal part of PA (PA-Nter). Almost all PA inhibitors (PAIs) thus far discovered bear pharmacophoric fragments with chelating motifs able to bind the bivalent metal ions in the catalytic core of PA-Nter. More recently, the availability of crystallographic structures of PA-Nter has enabled rational design of original PAIs with improved binding properties and antiviral potency. We here present a coupled pharmacophore/docking virtual screening approach that allowed us to identify PAIs with interesting inhibitory activity in a PA-Nter enzymatic assay. Moreover, antiviral activity in the low micromolar range was observed in cell-based influenza virus assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolino Pala
- Dipartimento
di Chimica e Farmacia, Università di Sassari, Via Vienna
2, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Annelies Stevaert
- Rega
Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Minderbroedersstraat 10, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Roberto Dallocchio
- Istituto
di Chimica Biomolecolare, CNR−Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Sassari, 07100 Li Punti Italy
| | - Alessandro Dessì
- Istituto
di Chimica Biomolecolare, CNR−Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Sassari, 07100 Li Punti Italy
| | - Dominga Rogolino
- Dipartimento
di Chimica, Università di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Mauro Carcelli
- Dipartimento
di Chimica, Università di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Vanna Sanna
- Dipartimento
di Chimica e Farmacia, Università di Sassari, Via Vienna
2, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Mario Sechi
- Dipartimento
di Chimica e Farmacia, Università di Sassari, Via Vienna
2, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Lieve Naesens
- Rega
Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Minderbroedersstraat 10, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
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Mukhtar E, Adhami VM, Sechi M, Mukhtar H. Abstract 2531: Fisetin enhances the efficacy of cabazitaxel: an in vitro and in vivo study in prostate cancer. Cancer Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2015-2531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Despite advances in screening and treatment, prostate cancer (PCa) remains a leading cause of death among American men. A wide range of novel therapies have been introduced for treatment of PCa which lead to dramatic regression of the primary tumor. However, responses are often short-lived due to the development of resistant cancer cells. Cabazitaxel, a microtubule targeting agent, is approved for treatment of metastatic hormone-refractory PCa in patients pretreated with docetaxel. However, toxicity and resistance are associated with cabazitaxel treatment. Therefore, an effective approach that can achieve long-term improvement is urgently needed for the management of PCa. One of the strategies proposed for overcoming resistance is combination therapy. Natural dietary substances have received considerable attention as chemoprevention and chemotherapeutic agents because of their unique property that allows them to interact with multiple targets in cancer cells. Fisetin, a small molecule, has emerged as one of the natural agent with enormous potential in cancer chemoprevention and chemotherapy. This study was designed to investigate the effect of a combination of fisetin and cabazitaxel to achieve maximum therapeutic benefits, reduce dose and toxicity, and to minimize or delay the induction of drug resistance. We observed that treatment of PCa cells with fisetin (20-80 μM) for 24-48 hours and then cabazitaxel (20-80 nM) for 24 hours significantly retarded the growth of PCa cells when compared to cabazitaxel or fisetin alone. The combination resulted in 80% inhibition of cell growth when compared to cabazitaxel (30%) or fisetin alone (18%). In addition, the combination (fisein, 20μM, cabazitaxel 5 nM) treatment significantly inhibited colony formation compared to each agent alone. We next implanted 22Rν1 cells for determining the effects of fisetin, cabazitaxel and their combination. A total of 24 athymic nude male mice (6-8) weeks of age were injected subcutaneously with 1×106 22Rν1 cells. Two weeks later, tumor bearing mice were randomly divided into four groups (n = 6) and treated with fisetin (20 mg/kg; 3 times/week), cabazitaxel (5 mg/kg; once/week), and combination of fisetin (20 mg/kg; 3 times/week) and cabazitaxel (5 mg/kg; once/week), or vehicle (control) via intraperitoneal route. We observed that treatment with fisetin alone resulted in 14% inhibition of tumor growth; cabazitaxel treatment alone resulted in 36% inhibition whereas combination treatment with fisetin and cabazitaxel resulted in 53% inhibition of tumor growth compared with the control group. Tissue staining with proliferation marker Ki67 confirmed the in-vivo effect of fisetin and cabazitzxel on inhibition of cell proliferation. This study potentiates the benefit of combination of fisetin and cabazitaxel that could eliminate rapidly proliferating and resistant cells in PCa and possibly other cancer types.
Citation Format: Eiman Mukhtar, Vaqar Mustafa Adhami, Mario Sechi, Hasan Mukhtar. Fisetin enhances the efficacy of cabazitaxel: an in vitro and in vivo study in prostate cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 2531. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-2531
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Mukhtar E, Adhami VM, Sechi M, Mukhtar H. Dietary flavonoid fisetin binds to β-tubulin and disrupts microtubule dynamics in prostate cancer cells. Cancer Lett 2015; 367:173-83. [PMID: 26235140 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2015.07.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2015] [Revised: 07/21/2015] [Accepted: 07/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Microtubule targeting based therapies have revolutionized cancer treatment; however, resistance and side effects remain a major limitation. Therefore, novel strategies that can overcome these limitations are urgently needed. We made a novel discovery that fisetin, a hydroxyflavone, is a microtubule stabilizing agent. Fisetin binds to tubulin and stabilizes microtubules with binding characteristics far superior than paclitaxel. Surface plasmon resonance and computational docking studies suggested that fisetin binds to β-tubulin with superior affinity compared to paclitaxel. Fisetin treatment of human prostate cancer cells resulted in robust up-regulation of microtubule associated proteins (MAP)-2 and -4. In addition, fisetin treated cells were enriched in α-tubulin acetylation, an indication of stabilization of microtubules. Fisetin significantly inhibited PCa cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Nudc, a protein associated with microtubule motor dynein/dynactin complex that regulates microtubule dynamics, was inhibited with fisetin treatment. Further, fisetin treatment of a P-glycoprotein overexpressing multidrug-resistant cancer cell line NCI/ADR-RES inhibited the viability and colony formation. Our results offer in vitro proof-of-concept for fisetin as a microtubule targeting agent. We suggest that fisetin could be developed as an adjuvant for treatment of prostate and other cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eiman Mukhtar
- Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1300 University Avenue, 4385 Medical Sciences Center, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Vaqar Mustafa Adhami
- Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1300 University Avenue, 4385 Medical Sciences Center, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Mario Sechi
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Via Vienna 2, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Hasan Mukhtar
- Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1300 University Avenue, 4385 Medical Sciences Center, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
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Siddiqui IA, Sanna V, Ahmad N, Sechi M, Mukhtar H. Resveratrol nanoformulation for cancer prevention and therapy. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2015; 1348:20-31. [DOI: 10.1111/nyas.12811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2015] [Revised: 05/13/2015] [Accepted: 05/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Imtiaz A. Siddiqui
- School of Medicine and Public Health, Department of Dermatology; University of Wisconsin-Madison; Madison Wisconsin
| | - Vanna Sanna
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Laboratory of Nanomedicine; University of Sassari; Sassari Italy
| | - Nihal Ahmad
- School of Medicine and Public Health, Department of Dermatology; University of Wisconsin-Madison; Madison Wisconsin
| | - Mario Sechi
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Laboratory of Nanomedicine; University of Sassari; Sassari Italy
| | - Hasan Mukhtar
- School of Medicine and Public Health, Department of Dermatology; University of Wisconsin-Madison; Madison Wisconsin
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Sanna V, Lubinu G, Madau P, Pala N, Nurra S, Mariani A, Sechi M. Polymeric nanoparticles encapsulating white tea extract for nutraceutical application. J Agric Food Chem 2015; 63:2026-2032. [PMID: 25599125 DOI: 10.1021/jf505850q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
With the aim to obtain controlled release and to preserve the antioxidant activity of the polyphenols, nanoencapsulation of white tea extract into polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) based on poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) and alginate was successfully performed. NPs were prepared by nanoprecipitation method and were characterized in terms of morphology and chemical properties. Total polyphenols and catechins contents before and after encapsulation were determined. Moreover, in vitro release profiles of encapsulated polyphenols from NPs were investigated in simulated gastrointestinal fluids. The antioxidant activity and stability of encapsulated extract were further evaluated. Interestingly, NPs released 20% of the polyphenols in simulated gastric medium, and 80% after 5 h at pH 7.4, showing a good capacity to control the polyphenols delivery. Furthermore, DPPH(•) assay confirmed that white tea extract retained its antioxidant activity and NPs protected tea polyphenols from degradation, thus opening new perspectives for the exploitation of white tea extract-loaded NPs for nutraceutical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanna Sanna
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari , Via Vienna 2, 07100 Sassari, Italy
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Khan MI, Adhami VM, Lall RK, Sechi M, Joshi DC, Haidar OM, Syed DN, Siddiqui IA, Chiu SY, Mukhtar H. YB-1 expression promotes epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in prostate cancer that is inhibited by a small molecule fisetin. Oncotarget 2015; 5:2462-74. [PMID: 24770864 PMCID: PMC4058019 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.1790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays an important role in prostate cancer (PCa) metastasis. The transcription/translation regulatory Y-box binding protein-1 (YB-1) is known to be associated with cancer metastasis. We observed that YB-1 expression increased with tumor grade and showed an inverse relationship with E-cadherin in a human PCa tissue array. Forced YB-1 expression induced a mesenchymal morphology that was associated with down regulation of epithelial markers. Silencing of YB-1 reversed mesenchymal features and decreased cell proliferation, migration and invasion in PCa cells. YB-1 is activated directly via Akt mediated phosphorylation at Ser102 within the cold shock domain (CSD). We next identified fisetin as an inhibitor of YB-1 activation. Computational docking and molecular dynamics suggested that fisetin binds on the residues from β1 - β4 strands of CSD, hindering Akt's interaction with YB-1. Calculated free binding energy ranged from -11.9845 to -9.6273 kcal/mol. Plasmon Surface Resonance studies showed that fisetin binds to YB-1 with an affinity of approximately 35 µM, with both slow association and dissociation. Fisetin also inhibited EGF induced YB-1 phosphorylation and markers of EMT both in vitro and in vivo. Collectively our data suggest that YB-1 induces EMT in PCa and identify fisetin as an inhibitor of its activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Imran Khan
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI
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Stevaert A, Nurra S, Pala N, Carcelli M, Rogolino D, Shepard C, Domaoal RA, Kim B, Alfonso-Prieto M, Marras SAE, Sechi M, Naesens L. An Integrated Biological Approach to Guide the Development of Metal-Chelating Inhibitors of Influenza Virus PA Endonuclease. Mol Pharmacol 2014; 87:323-37. [DOI: 10.1124/mol.114.095588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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35
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Sanna V, Pala N, Dessì G, Manconi P, Mariani A, Dedola S, Rassu M, Crosio C, Iaccarino C, Sechi M. Single-step green synthesis and characterization of gold-conjugated polyphenol nanoparticles with antioxidant and biological activities. Int J Nanomedicine 2014; 9:4935-51. [PMID: 25364251 PMCID: PMC4211914 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s70648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) are likely to provide an attractive platform for combining a variety of biophysicochemical properties into a unified nanodevice with great therapeutic potential. In this study we investigated the capabilities of three different natural polyphenols, epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), resveratrol (RSV), and fisetin (FS), to allow synergistic chemical reduction of gold salts to GNPs and stabilization in a single-step green process. Moreover, antioxidant properties of the nanosystems, as well as preliminary antiproliferative activity and apoptotic process investigation of model EGCG-GNPs on stable clones of neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells expressing CFP-DEVD-YFP reporter, were examined. Methods The GNPs were characterized by physicochemical techniques, polyphenol content, and in vitro stability. The antioxidant activity of the GNPs was also determined by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2′-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) cation (ABTS) radical-scavenging assays. Stable clones of neuronal SH-SY5Y-CFP-DEVD-YFP were generated and characterized, and cell viability after treatment with EGCG-GNPs was assessed after 72 hours through a 3(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium assay. Activation of the apoptotic pathways was also investigated by Western blot analysis. Results With a diameter in the size range of 10–25 nm, the obtained nanoparticles (NPs) were found to contain 2.71%, 3.23%, and 5.47% of EGCG, RSV, and FS, respectively. Nanoprototypes exhibited remarkable in vitro stability in various media, suggesting that NP surface coating with phytochemicals prevents aggregation in different simulated physiological conditions. The scavenging activities for DPPH and ABTS were highly correlated with EGCG, RSV, and FS content. Moreover, high correlation coefficients between the ABTS and DPPH values were found for the prepared nanosystems. EGCG-GNPs induce a dose-dependent reduction on SH-SY5Y-CFP-DEVD-YFP cell viability that is likely to involve the activation of the apoptotic pathways, similarly to free EGCG, as suggested by the processing of the CFP-DEVD-YFP reporter. Conclusion These results prompted us to propose the ecofriendly synthesized EGCG-, RSV-, and FS-based nanogold conjugates as suitable carriers for bioactive polyphenols to be used for the treatment of disorders associated with oxidative stress, including neurodegenerative disorders, cardiovascular disease, and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanna Sanna
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy ; Laboratory of Nanomedicine, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, c/o Porto Conte Ricerche, Tramariglio, Alghero, Italy
| | - Nicolino Pala
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Dessì
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Paola Manconi
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Alberto Mariani
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Sonia Dedola
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Mauro Rassu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Claudia Crosio
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Ciro Iaccarino
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Mario Sechi
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy ; Laboratory of Nanomedicine, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, c/o Porto Conte Ricerche, Tramariglio, Alghero, Italy
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Trabocchi A, Pala N, Krimmelbein I, Menchi G, Guarna A, Sechi M, Dreker T, Scozzafava A, Supuran CT, Carta F. Peptidomimetics as protein arginine deiminase 4 (PAD4) inhibitors. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2014; 30:466-71. [DOI: 10.3109/14756366.2014.947976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Pala N, Micheletto L, Sechi M, Aggarwal M, Carta F, McKenna R, Supuran CT. Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibition with Benzenesulfonamides and Tetrafluorobenzenesulfonamides Obtained via Click Chemistry. ACS Med Chem Lett 2014; 5:927-30. [PMID: 25147616 DOI: 10.1021/ml500196t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2014] [Accepted: 06/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
A series of novel benzene- and 2,3,5,6-tetrafluorobenzenesulfonamide was synthesized by using a click chemistry approach starting from azido-substituted sulfonamides and alkynes, incorporating aryl, alkyl, cycloalkyl, and amino-/hydroxy-/halogenoalkyl moieties. The new compounds were medium potency inhibitors of the cytosolic carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) isoforms I and II and low nanomolar/subnanomolar inhibitors of the tumor-associated hCA IX and XII isoforms. The X-ray crystal structure of two such sulfonamides in adduct with hCA II allowed us to understand the factors governing inhibitory power.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolino Pala
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Farmacia, Università di Sassari, Via Vienna
2, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Laura Micheletto
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Farmacia, Università di Sassari, Via Vienna
2, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Mario Sechi
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Farmacia, Università di Sassari, Via Vienna
2, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Mayank Aggarwal
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular
Biology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Box 100245, Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States
| | - Fabrizio Carta
- Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Rm 188, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Firenze), Italy
| | - Robert McKenna
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular
Biology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Box 100245, Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States
| | - Claudiu T. Supuran
- Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Rm 188, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Firenze), Italy
- Neurofarba Dept., Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via U. Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Firenze), Italy
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38
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Carcelli M, Rogolino D, Sechi M, Rispoli G, Fisicaro E, Compari C, Grandi N, Corona A, Tramontano E, Pannecouque C, Naesens L. Antiretroviral activity of metal-chelating HIV-1 integrase inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 83:594-600. [PMID: 24996145 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.06.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2014] [Revised: 06/09/2014] [Accepted: 06/22/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Data regarding the activity of metal complexes against HIV virus in cell are surprisingly scarce. In this study, we present the antiviral activity against HIV-infected cells of different types of chelating ligands and of their metal complexes. In particular, the carboxamide chelating scaffold and the corresponding coordination compounds demonstrated an interesting antiviral profile in the nanomolar range. These molecules inhibit not only HIV integrase catalytic activity, but they also interfere with the function of the RNase H component of the HIV reverse transcriptase. Here we also discuss the thermodynamic characterization in solution of the metal complexes of the most active ligands, affording to the best of our knowledge for the first time this type of data for complexes with anti-HIV activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Carcelli
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, I-43124 Parma, Italy.
| | - Dominga Rogolino
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, I-43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Mario Sechi
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Farmacia, Università di Sassari, Via Vienna 2, I-07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Gabriele Rispoli
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, I-43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Emilia Fisicaro
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A, I-43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Carlotta Compari
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A, I-43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Nicole Grandi
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente-Sezione Biomedica-Università di Cagliari Cittadella Universitaria SS554, I-09042 Monserrato, CA, Italy
| | - Angela Corona
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente-Sezione Biomedica-Università di Cagliari Cittadella Universitaria SS554, I-09042 Monserrato, CA, Italy
| | - Enzo Tramontano
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente-Sezione Biomedica-Università di Cagliari Cittadella Universitaria SS554, I-09042 Monserrato, CA, Italy
| | | | - Lieve Naesens
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
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Syed DN, Chamcheu JC, Khan MI, Sechi M, Lall RK, Adhami VM, Mukhtar H. Fisetin inhibits human melanoma cell growth through direct binding to p70S6K and mTOR: findings from 3-D melanoma skin equivalents and computational modeling. Biochem Pharmacol 2014; 89:349-60. [PMID: 24675012 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2014.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2013] [Revised: 03/12/2014] [Accepted: 03/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The incidence of melanoma continues to rise. Inspite of treatment advances, the prognosis remains grim once the disease has metastasized, emphasizing the need to explore additional therapeutic strategies. One such approach is through the use of mechanism-based dietary intervention. We previously showed that the flavonoid fisetin inhibits melanoma cell proliferation, in vitro and in vivo. Here, we studied fisetin-mediated regulation of kinases involved in melanoma growth and progression. Time-course analysis in 3-D melanoma constructs that transitioned from radial to vertical growth showed that fisetin treatment resulted in significant decrease in melanocytic lesions in contrast to untreated controls that showed large tumor nests and invading disseminated cells. Further studies in melanoma cultures and mouse xenografts showed that fisetin-mediated growth inhibition was associated with dephosphorylation of AKT, mTOR and p70S6K proteins. In silico modeling indicated direct interaction of fisetin with mTOR and p70S6K with favorable free energy values. These findings were validated by cell-free competition assays that established binding of fisetin to p70S6K and mTOR while little affinity was detected with AKT. Kinase activity studies reflected similar trend with % inhibition observed for p70S6K and mTOR at lower doses than AKT. Our studies characterized, for the first time, the differential interactions of any botanical agent with kinases involved in melanoma growth and demonstrate that fisetin inhibits mTOR and p70S6K through direct binding while the observed inhibitory effect of fisetin on AKT is mediated indirectly, through targeting interrelated pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deeba N Syed
- Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, USA
| | | | | | - Mario Sechi
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Rahul K Lall
- Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, USA
| | - Vaqar M Adhami
- Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, USA
| | - Hasan Mukhtar
- Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, USA.
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Abstract
Recent advances in nanotechnology and biotechnology have contributed to the development of engineered nanoscale materials as innovative prototypes to be used for biomedical applications and optimized therapy. Due to their unique features, including a large surface area, structural properties, and a long circulation time in blood compared with small molecules, a plethora of nanomaterials has been developed, with the potential to revolutionize the diagnosis and treatment of several diseases, in particular by improving the sensitivity and recognition ability of imaging contrast agents and by selectively directing bioactive agents to biological targets. Focusing on cancer, promising nanoprototypes have been designed to overcome the lack of specificity of conventional chemotherapeutic agents, as well as for early detection of precancerous and malignant lesions. However, several obstacles, including difficulty in achieving the optimal combination of physicochemical parameters for tumor targeting, evading particle clearance mechanisms, and controlling drug release, prevent the translation of nanomedicines into therapy. In spite of this, recent efforts have been focused on developing functionalized nanoparticles for delivery of therapeutic agents to specific molecular targets overexpressed on different cancer cells. In particular, the combination of targeted and controlled-release polymer nanotechnologies has resulted in a new programmable nanotherapeutic formulation of docetaxel, namely BIND-014, which recently entered Phase II clinical testing for patients with solid tumors. BIND-014 has been developed to overcome the limitations facing delivery of nanoparticles to many neoplasms, and represents a validated example of targeted nanosystems with the optimal biophysicochemical properties needed for successful tumor eradication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanna Sanna
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Laboratory of Nanomedicine, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Nicolino Pala
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Laboratory of Nanomedicine, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Mario Sechi
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Laboratory of Nanomedicine, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
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41
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Ruzza P, Siligardi G, Hussain R, Marchiani A, Islami M, Bubacco L, Delogu G, Fabbri D, Dettori MA, Sechi M, Pala N, Spissu Y, Migheli R, Serra PA, Sechi G. Ceftriaxone blocks the polymerization of α-synuclein and exerts neuroprotective effects in vitro. ACS Chem Neurosci 2014; 5:30-8. [PMID: 24099687 DOI: 10.1021/cn400149k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The β-lactam antibiotic ceftriaxone was suggested as a therapeutic agent in several neurodegenerative disorders, either for its ability to counteract glutamate-mediated toxicity, as in cerebral ischemia, or for its ability to enhance the degradation of misfolded proteins, as in Alexander's disease. Recently, the efficacy of ceftriaxone in neuroprotection of dopaminergic neurons in a rat model of Parkinson's disease was documented. However, which characteristics of ceftriaxone mediate its therapeutic effects remains unclear. Since, at the molecular level, neuronal α-synuclein inclusions and pathological α-synuclein transmission play a leading role in initiation of Parkinson-like neurodegeneration, we thought of investigating, by circular dichroism spectroscopy, the capability of ceftriaxone to interact with α-synuclein. We found that ceftriaxone binds with good affinity to α-synuclein and blocks its in vitro polymerization. Considering this finding, we also documented that ceftriaxone exerts neuroprotective action in an in vitro model of Parkinson's disease. Our data, in addition to the findings on neuroprotective activity of ceftriaxone on Parkinson-like neurodegeneration in vivo, indicates ceftriaxone as a potential agent in treatment of Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Ruzza
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry of CNR, Padua Unit, Padua 35131, Italy
| | - Giuliano Siligardi
- Diamond Light Source Ltd., Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
| | - Rohanah Hussain
- Diamond Light Source Ltd., Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
| | - Anna Marchiani
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry of CNR, Padua Unit, Padua 35131, Italy
| | - Mehmet Islami
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry of CNR, Padua Unit, Padua 35131, Italy
| | - Luigi Bubacco
- Department of Biology, University of Padua, Padua 35121, Italy
| | - Giovanna Delogu
- Institute of Biomolecular
Chemistry of CNR, Sassari Unit, Sassari 07100, Italy
| | - Davide Fabbri
- Institute of Biomolecular
Chemistry of CNR, Sassari Unit, Sassari 07100, Italy
| | - Maria A. Dettori
- Institute of Biomolecular
Chemistry of CNR, Sassari Unit, Sassari 07100, Italy
| | - Mario Sechi
- Department
of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Sassari 07100, Italy
| | - Nicolino Pala
- Department
of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Sassari 07100, Italy
| | - Ylenia Spissu
- Department of Clinical
and Experimental Medicine, Medical School, University of Sassari, Sassari 07100, Italy
| | - Rossana Migheli
- Department of Clinical
and Experimental Medicine, Medical School, University of Sassari, Sassari 07100, Italy
| | - Pier A. Serra
- Department of Clinical
and Experimental Medicine, Medical School, University of Sassari, Sassari 07100, Italy
| | - GianPietro Sechi
- Department of Clinical
and Experimental Medicine, Medical School, University of Sassari, Sassari 07100, Italy
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Carcelli M, Rogolino D, Bacchi A, Rispoli G, Fisicaro E, Compari C, Sechi M, Stevaert A, Naesens L. Metal-chelating 2-hydroxyphenyl amide pharmacophore for inhibition of influenza virus endonuclease. Mol Pharm 2013; 11:304-16. [PMID: 24206028 DOI: 10.1021/mp400482a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The influenza virus PA endonuclease is an attractive target for development of novel anti-influenza virus therapeutics. Reported PA inhibitors chelate the divalent metal ion(s) in the enzyme's catalytic site, which is located in the N-terminal part of PA (PA-Nter). In this work, a series of 2-hydroxybenzamide-based compounds have been synthesized and biologically evaluated in order to identify the essential pharmacophoric motif, which could be involved in functional sequestration of the metal ions (probably Mg(2+)) in the catalytic site of PA. By using HL(1), H2L(2), and HL(3) as model ligands with Mg(2+) ions, we isolated and fully characterized a series of complexes and tested them for inhibitory activity toward PA-Nter endonuclease. H2L(2) and the corresponding Mg(2+) complex showed an interesting inhibition of the endonuclease activity. The crystal structures of the uncomplexed HL(1) and H2L(2) and of the isolated magnesium complex [Mg(L(3))2(MeOH)2]·2MeOH were solved by X-ray diffraction analysis. Furthermore, the speciation models for HL(1), H2L(2), and HL(3) with Mg(2+) were obtained, and the formation constants of the complexes were measured. Preliminary docking calculations were conducted to investigate the interactions of the title compounds with essential amino acids in the PA-Nter active site. These findings supported the "two-metal" coordination of divalent ions by a donor triad atoms chemotype as a powerful strategy to develop more potent PA endonuclease inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Carcelli
- Dipartimento di Chimica,‡Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Parma , Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
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Sanna V, Siddiqui IA, Sechi M, Mukhtar H. Resveratrol-loaded nanoparticles based on poly(epsilon-caprolactone) and poly(D,L-lactic-co-glycolic acid)-poly(ethylene glycol) blend for prostate cancer treatment. Mol Pharm 2013; 10:3871-81. [PMID: 23968375 PMCID: PMC4100701 DOI: 10.1021/mp400342f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Nanoencapsulation of antiproliferative and chemopreventive phytoalexin trans-resveratrol (RSV) is likely to provide protection against degradation, enhancement of bioavailability, improvement in intracellular penetration and control delivery. In this study, polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) encapsulating RSV (nano-RSV) as novel prototypes for prostate cancer (PCa) treatment were designed, characterized and evaluated using human PCa cells. Nanosystems, composed of a biocompatible blend of poly(epsilon-caprolactone) (PCL) and poly(d,l-lactic-co-glycolic acid)-poly(ethylene glycol) conjugate (PLGA-PEG-COOH), were prepared by a nanoprecipitation method, and characterized in terms of morphology, particle size and zeta potential, encapsulation efficiency, thermal analyses, and in vitro release studies. Cellular uptake of NPs was then evaluated in PCa cell lines DU-145, PC-3, and LNCaP using confocal fluorescence microscopy, and antiproliferative efficacy was assessed using MTT assay. With encapsulation efficiencies ranging from 74% to 98%, RSV was successfully loaded in PCL:PLGA-PEG-COOH NPs, which showed an average diameter of 150 nm. NPs were able to control the RSV release at pH 6.5 and 7.4, mimicking the acidic tumoral microenvironment and physiological conditions, respectively, with only 55% of RSV released within 7 h. In gastrointestinal simulated fluids, NPs released about 55% of RSV in the first 2 h in acidic medium, and their total RSV content within the subsequent 5 h at pH 7.4. Confocal fluorescence microscopy observations revealed that NPs were efficiently taken up by PCa cell lines. Furthermore, nano-RSV significantly improved the cytotoxicity compared to that of free RSV toward all three cell lines, at all tested concentrations (from 10 μM to 40 μM), proving a consistent sensitivity toward both the androgen-independent DU-145 and hormone-sensitive LNCaP cells. Our findings support the potential use of developed nanoprototypes for the controlled delivery of bioactive RSV for PCa chemoprevention/chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanna Sanna
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Laboratory of Nanomedicine, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
- Department of Dermatology, Medical Sciences Center, University of Wisconsin—Madison, 1300 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Imtiaz Ahmad Siddiqui
- Department of Dermatology, Medical Sciences Center, University of Wisconsin—Madison, 1300 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Mario Sechi
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Laboratory of Nanomedicine, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
- Department of Dermatology, Medical Sciences Center, University of Wisconsin—Madison, 1300 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Hasan Mukhtar
- Department of Dermatology, Medical Sciences Center, University of Wisconsin—Madison, 1300 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
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Pathania D, Sechi M, Palomba M, Sanna V, Berrettini F, Sias A, Taheri L, Neamati N. Design and discovery of novel quinazolinedione-based redox modulators as therapies for pancreatic cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2013; 1840:332-43. [PMID: 23954204 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2013.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2013] [Revised: 07/23/2013] [Accepted: 08/08/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Altered cellular bioenergetics and oxidative stress are emerging hallmarks of most cancers including pancreatic cancer. Elevated levels of intrinsic reactive oxygen species (ROS) in tumors make them more susceptible to exogenously induced oxidative stress. Excessive oxidative insults overwhelm their adaptive antioxidant capacity and trigger ROS-mediated cell death. Recently, we have discovered a novel class of quinazolinediones that exert their cytotoxic effects by modulating ROS-mediated signaling. METHODS Cytotoxic potential was determined by colorimetric and colony formation assays. An XF24 Extracellular Flux Analyzer, and colorimetric and fluorescent techniques were used to assess the bioenergetics and oxidative stress effects, respectively. Mechanism was determined by Western blots. RESULTS Compound 3a (6-[(2-acetylphenyl)amino]quinazoline-5,8-dione) was identified through a medium throughput screen of ~1000 highly diverse in-house compounds and chemotherapeutic agents for their ability to alter cellular bioenergetics. Further structural optimizations led to the discovery of a more potent analog, 3b (6-[(3-acetylphenyl)amino]quinazoline-5,8-dione) that displayed anti-proliferative activities in low micromolar range in both drug-sensitive and drug-resistant cancer cells. Treatment with 3b causes Akt activation resulting in increased cellular oxygen consumption and oxidative stress in pancreatic cancer cells. Moreover, oxidative stress induced by 3b promoted activation of stress kinases (p38/JNK) resulting in cancer cell death. Treatment with antioxidants was able to reduce cell death confirming ROS-mediated cytotoxicity. CONCLUSION In conclusion, our novel quinazolinediones are promising lead compounds that selectively induce ROS-mediated cell death in cancer cells and warrant further preclinical studies. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Since 3b (6-[(3-acetylphenyl)amino]quinazoline-5,8-dione) exerts Akt-dependent ROS-mediated cell death, it might provide potential therapeutic options for chemoresistant and Akt-overexpressing cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya Pathania
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Southern California, School of Pharmacy, 1985 Zonal Avenue, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Siddiqui IA, Sanna V, Adhami VM, Shabana SM, Sechi M, Mukhtar H. Abstract 3663: Prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) targeting nano-EGCG for prostate cancer prevention and treatment. Cancer Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2013-3663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
We recently employed the use of nanotechnology to improve the outcome of bioactive food components for cancer chemoprevention and termed the concept as ‘nanochemoprevention’ (Cancer Res. 2009;69(5):1712-6). To demonstrate the proof-of-principle we encapsulated green tea polyphenol epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) in polylactic acid-polyethylene glycol (PLA-PEG) nanoparticles and showed that this formulation demonstrates greater than ten-fold dose advantage over non-encapsulated EGCG in human prostate cancer (PCa) cells both in vitro and in vivo settings. Emerging data suggest that EGCG possess cancer preventive as well as chemotherapeutic potential against PCa. More recently, we also proposed targeted nanoparticles as novel prototypes for the delivery of EGCG (J Med Chem. 2011;54:1321-32) for prevention and therapy of PCa. Here, we extended the work and developed polymeric EGCG-encapsulated nanoparticles targeted with small molecular entities able to bind to prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA), a transmembrane protein that is overexpressed on PCa cells, and evaluated their efficacy in several in vitro assays using PCa cell lines of differential PSMA expression status. Biocompatible polymer PLGA-PEG-COOH was synthesized and used as base to conjugate a urea-based inhibitor (DCL) or a glutamate-containing molecule (Asp-Glu) to obtain PLGA-PEG-DCL and PLGA-PEG-Asp-Glu nanoparticles suitable for targeted delivery to the prostate. Next, to investigate the impact of DCL- and Asp-Glu-PEGylation on ligand binding, a comparative docking study on the PSMA active site was performed, and crucial protein-ligand interactions were analyzed. Prepared nanoparticles were characterized in terms of morphology, size and zeta potential, encapsulation efficiency, and in vitro release kinetics. Nanoparticles derived from these three polymer systems were spherical in shape with a unimodal size distribution, showing mean diameter ranging from 130 to 250 nm with a zeta potential of around -30 mV. Cellular binding and uptake of the fluorescent nanosystems were detected in PC-3, DU-145 and LNCaP cell lines at two time points and PSMA specific internalization and accumulation was observed. The antiproliferative efficacy of nano-EGCG, compared to EGCG alone, was assessed 72 h post treatment using MTT assay. Both PSMA specific EGCG polymeric nanoparticles lead to an increased antiproliferative and pro-apoptotic activity in PSMA positive LNCaP cells as compared to PSMA negative DU145 and PC3 cells. These data suggest that encapsulated EGCG retains its biological effectiveness, with prostate specific targeting, for exerting its pro-apoptotic properties, critically important determinant of chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic effects of EGCG.
Citation Format: Imtiaz A. Siddiqui, Vanna Sanna, Vaqar M. Adhami, Sameh M. Shabana, Mario Sechi, Hasan Mukhtar. Prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) targeting nano-EGCG for prostate cancer prevention and treatment. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3663. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-3663
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Pathania D, Sechi M, Palomba M, Sanna V, Berrettini F, Sias A, Taheri L, Neamati N. Abstract 4555: Design and discovery of novel small molecule redox modulators as therapies for pancreatic cancer. Cancer Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2013-4555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is a complex disease. Late stage detection, poor prognosis, and resistance to available chemotherapeutics highlight the need to discover new and potent anticancer agents for its effective treatment. Altered cellular bioenergetics and oxidative stress are emerging hallmarks of most forms of cancer including pancreatic cancer. Cancer cells are more prone to reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated cell death due to their inherent elevated basal oxidative stress as compared to normal cells. Increased basal ROS levels could represent the Achilles’ heel of cancer cells. Even though cancer cells have adapted to survive in an oxidative stress environment, exogenous oxidative insults can overwhelm the adaptive antioxidant capacity of cancer cells and trigger ROS-mediated cell death
We have identified a novel class of compounds that act as redox modulators and specifically induce cell death in cancer cells. Compound 3a was identified through a medium throughput screen of ∼1000 highly diverse in-house compounds and chemotherapeutic agents for their ability to alter cellular bioenergetics using XF 24 extracellular flux analyzer (Seahorse Bioscience, Billerica, MA). Further structural optimizations led to the discovery of a more potent analog, 3b that displayed anti-proliferative activities at low micromolar levels in both drug-sensitive and drug-resistant cancer cell lines. Treatment with compound 3b causes Akt activation resulting in increased cellular oxygen consumption, oxidative stress and depletion of cellular antioxidant pool in pancreatic cancer cells. Akt is a pro-survival kinase that is upregulated in several forms of human cancers. Hyperactive Akt inhibits apoptosis induced by numerous stimuli. However, Akt is unable to inhibit ROS-mediated cell death, and in fact, Akt aids in ROS-directed cell death by inducing cellular oxygen consumption, promoting ROS generation, and impairing ROS degeneration.
Moreover, oxidative stress induced by 3b promoted activation of stress kinases (p38/JNK) and resulted in cancer cell apoptosis. Treatment with antioxidants was able to reduce cell death confirming ROS-mediated cytotoxicity. In conclusion, our novel class of compounds are promising leads that by exacerbating oxygen consumption, ROS production, and reducing the antioxidant capacity of cancer cells tip the balance towards activation of stress kinases that ultimately leads to cell death.
Citation Format: Divya Pathania, Mario Sechi, Michele Palomba, Vanna Sanna, Francesco Berrettini, Angela Sias, Laleh Taheri, Nouri Neamati. Design and discovery of novel small molecule redox modulators as therapies for pancreatic cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4555. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-4555
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Laleh Taheri
- 1University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
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Adhami VM, Khan MI, Lall RK, Siddiqui IA, Syed DN, Sechi M, Dodwad SJM, Mukhtar H. Abstract 5551: Role of YB-1, a regulator of epithelial to mesenchymal transition, in prostate cancer: inhibition by a dietary flavonoid fisetin. Cancer Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2013-5551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The most common signature of aggressive cancers such as prostate cancer (PCa) involves metastasis. Tumor cell migration is a key step for formation of cancer metastasis and recent data suggest that mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) controls the metastatic landscape of PCa by regulating the expression of genes known to be involved in PCa metastasis. Also, current estimates suggest that PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling is upregulated in 30-50% of PCa patients. We observed that the expression of a set of four signature genes YB-1, MTA1, CD-44 and vimentin, regulated by mTOR and known to be involved in metastasis, is significantly higher in PCa PC-3 and DU145 cells compared to normal prostate epithelial cells. siRNA mediated knockdown of YB-1 in both PC-3 and DU-145 cells resulted in inhibition of EMT as seen by a significant decrease in mesenchymal morphology associated with induction of E-cadherin and inhibition of YB-1. We recently showed that fisetin, a dietary flavonoid, is also a specific inhibitor of the mTOR pathway. We hypothesized that fisetin will inhibit epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) in PCa cells by binding to and inhibiting the YB-1. Using in silico docking studies, we observed that fisetin interacts with the cold shock domain (CSD) of the YB-1 molecule. Fisetin binds to YB-1 protein located on residues from β1 and β4 strands of the CSD and shows consistent binding modes and tight affinity within the amino acid pocket. Calculated free binding energy for these conformations ranged from -11.9845 to -9.6273 kcal/mol suggesting strong binding affinity. Treatment of PCa PC-3 and DU145 cells with fisetin (0-80 μM) resulted in inhibition of cell motility that was associated with inhibition of phosphorylation of mTOR at Ser2481 and Ser2448 and YB-1. Using immuno-fluorescence we found that fisetin treatment induced E-cadherin re-expression and inhibited vimentin expression in both DU-145 and PC-3 cells suggesting a reversal of the EMT. This reversal of EMT phenotype was also associated with induction of occludin and claudin-1 and inhibition of fibronectin, N-cadherin, MTA1 and CD-44 expression. We also observed that fisetin treatment inhibited nuclear expression of repressors of EMT such as Snail, Slug and Twist. Because tumor cell migration is a key step for formation of cancer metastasis, we determined the effect of fisetin on cell migration using PC-3 cells. Fisetin treatment inhibited cell migration at both 40 and 80 μM that was associated with decrease in the expression of MMP2 and MMP9. In summary, we observed that YB-1 expression induces EMT in PCa cells and identified fisetin as a novel agent that binds to it and potentially interferes with its activity. Based on our observations we suggest that fisetin could be developed as a clinically relevant inhibitor of mTOR/YB-1 with therapeutic benefit for PCa metastasis and invasion.
Citation Format: Vaqar Mustafa Adhami, Mohammad Imran Khan, Rahul K. Lall, Imtiaz A. Siddiqui, Deeba N. Syed, Mario Sechi, Shah-Jahan M. Dodwad, Hasan Mukhtar. Role of YB-1, a regulator of epithelial to mesenchymal transition, in prostate cancer: inhibition by a dietary flavonoid fisetin. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5551. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-5551
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Carcelli M, Bacchi A, Pelagatti P, Rispoli G, Rogolino D, Sanchez TW, Sechi M, Neamati N. Ruthenium arene complexes as HIV-1 integrase strand transfer inhibitors. J Inorg Biochem 2013; 118:74-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2012.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2012] [Revised: 09/19/2012] [Accepted: 09/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Sanna V, Roggio AM, Siliani S, Piccinini M, Marceddu S, Mariani A, Sechi M. Development of novel cationic chitosan-and anionic alginate-coated poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) nanoparticles for controlled release and light protection of resveratrol. Int J Nanomedicine 2012; 7:5501-16. [PMID: 23093904 PMCID: PMC3477887 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s36684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Resveratrol, like other natural polyphenols, is an extremely photosensitive compound with low chemical stability, which limits the therapeutic application of its beneficial effects. The development of innovative formulation strategies, able to overcome physicochemical and pharmacokinetic limitations of this compound, may be achieved via suitable carriers able to associate controlled release and protection. In this context, nanotechnology is proving to be a powerful strategy. In this study, we developed novel cationic chitosan (CS)- and anionic alginate (Alg)-coated poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide) nanoparticles (NPs) loaded with the bioactive polyphenolic trans-(E)-resveratrol (RSV) for biomedical applications. METHODS NPs were prepared by the nanoprecipitation method and characterized in terms of morphology, size and zeta potential, encapsulation efficiency, Raman spectroscopy, swelling properties, differential scanning calorimetry, and in vitro release studies. The protective effect of the nanosystems under the light-stressed RSV and long-term stability were investigated. RESULTS NPs turned out to be spherical in shape, with size ranging from 135 to about 580 nm, depending on the composition and the amount of polyelectrolytes, while the encapsulation efficiencies increased from 8% of uncoated poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) to 23% and 32% of Alg- and CS-coated PLGA NPs, respectively. All nanocarriers are characterized by a biphasic release pattern, and more effective controlled release rates are obtained for NPs formulated with higher polyelectrolyte concentrations. Stability studies revealed that encapsulation provides significant protection against light-exposure degradation, by reducing the trans-cis photoisomerization reaction. Moreover, the nanosystems are able to prevent the degradation of trans isoform and the leakage of RSV from the carrier for a period of 6 months. CONCLUSION Our findings indicated that the newly developed CS- and Alg-coated PLGA NPs are suitable to be used for the delivery of bioactive RSV. The encapsulation of RSV into optimized polymeric NPs provides improved drug loading, effective controlled release, and protection against light-exposure degradation, thus opening new perspectives for the delivery of bioactive related phytochemicals to be used for (nano)chemoprevention/chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Salvatore Marceddu
- Istituto di Scienze delle Produzioni Alimentari (ISPA), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Sezione di Sassari, Italy
| | - Alberto Mariani
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Mario Sechi
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
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Sechi M, Innocenti A, Pala N, Rogolino D, Carcelli M, Scozzafava A, Supuran CT. Inhibition of α-class cytosolic human carbonic anhydrases I, II, IX and XII, and β-class fungal enzymes by carboxylic acids and their derivatives: New isoform-I selective nanomolar inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2012; 22:5801-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.07.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2012] [Revised: 07/23/2012] [Accepted: 07/25/2012] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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