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Iori S, D'Onofrio C, Laham-Karam N, Mushimiyimana I, Lucatello L, Lopparelli RM, Gelain ME, Capolongo F, Pauletto M, Dacasto M, Giantin M. Establishment and characterization of cytochrome P450 1A1 CRISPR/Cas9 Knockout Bovine Foetal Hepatocyte Cell Line (BFH12). Cell Biol Toxicol 2024; 40:18. [PMID: 38528259 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-024-09856-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
The cytochrome P450 1A (CYP1A) subfamily of xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes (XMEs) consists of two different isoforms, namely CYP1A1 and CYP1A2, which are highly conserved among species. These two isoenzymes are involved in the biotransformation of many endogenous compounds as well as in the bioactivation of several xenobiotics into carcinogenic derivatives, thereby increasing the risk of tumour development. Cattle (Bos taurus) are one of the most important food-producing animal species, being a significant source of nutrition worldwide. Despite daily exposure to xenobiotics, data on the contribution of CYP1A to bovine hepatic metabolism are still scarce. The CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout (KO) is a useful method for generating in vivo and in vitro models for studying xenobiotic biotransformations. In this study, we applied the ribonucleoprotein (RNP)-complex approach to successfully obtain the KO of CYP1A1 in a bovine foetal hepatocyte cell line (BFH12). After clonal expansion and selection, CYP1A1 excision was confirmed at the DNA, mRNA and protein level. Therefore, RNA-seq analysis revealed significant transcriptomic changes associated with cell cycle regulation, proliferation, and detoxification processes as well as on iron, lipid and mitochondrial homeostasis. Altogether, this study successfully generates a new bovine CYP1A1 KO in vitro model, representing a valuable resource for xenobiotic metabolism studies in this important farm animal species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Iori
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Viale Dell'Università 16, Legnaro, 35020, Padua, Italy
| | - Caterina D'Onofrio
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Viale Dell'Università 16, Legnaro, 35020, Padua, Italy
| | - Nihay Laham-Karam
- University of Eastern Finland, A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, Neulaniementie 2, 70211, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Isidore Mushimiyimana
- University of Eastern Finland, A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, Neulaniementie 2, 70211, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Lorena Lucatello
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Viale Dell'Università 16, Legnaro, 35020, Padua, Italy
| | - Rosa Maria Lopparelli
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Viale Dell'Università 16, Legnaro, 35020, Padua, Italy
| | - Maria Elena Gelain
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Viale Dell'Università 16, Legnaro, 35020, Padua, Italy
| | - Francesca Capolongo
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Viale Dell'Università 16, Legnaro, 35020, Padua, Italy
| | - Marianna Pauletto
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Viale Dell'Università 16, Legnaro, 35020, Padua, Italy
| | - Mauro Dacasto
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Viale Dell'Università 16, Legnaro, 35020, Padua, Italy
| | - Mery Giantin
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Viale Dell'Università 16, Legnaro, 35020, Padua, Italy.
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Pauletto M, Giantin M, Tolosi R, Bassan I, Bardhi A, Barbarossa A, Montanucci L, Zaghini A, Dacasto M. Discovering the Protective Effects of Quercetin on Aflatoxin B1-Induced Toxicity in Bovine Foetal Hepatocyte-Derived Cells (BFH12). Toxins (Basel) 2023; 15:555. [PMID: 37755981 PMCID: PMC10534839 DOI: 10.3390/toxins15090555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) induces lipid peroxidation and mortality in bovine foetal hepatocyte-derived cells (BFH12), with underlying transcriptional perturbations associated mainly with cancer, cellular damage, inflammation, bioactivation, and detoxification pathways. In this cell line, curcumin and resveratrol have proven to be effective in mitigating AFB1-induced toxicity. In this paper, we preliminarily assessed the potential anti-AFB1 activity of a natural polyphenol, quercetin (QUE), in BFH12 cells. To this end, we primarily measured QUE cytotoxicity using a WST-1 reagent. Then, we pre-treated the cells with QUE and exposed them to AFB1. The protective role of QUE was evaluated by measuring cytotoxicity, transcriptional changes (RNA-sequencing), lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde production), and targeted post-transcriptional modifications (NQO1 and CYP3A enzymatic activity). The results demonstrated that QUE, like curcumin and resveratrol, reduced AFB1-induced cytotoxicity and lipid peroxidation and caused larger transcriptional variations than AFB1 alone. Most of the differentially expressed genes were involved in lipid homeostasis, inflammatory and immune processes, and carcinogenesis. As for enzymatic activities, QUE significantly reverted CYP3A variations induced by AFB1, but not those of NQO1. This study provides new knowledge about key molecular mechanisms involved in QUE-mediated protection against AFB1 toxicity and encourages in vivo studies to assess QUE's bioavailability and beneficial effects on aflatoxicosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Pauletto
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Viale dell’Università 16, I-35020 Legnaro, Italy; (M.G.); (R.T.); (I.B.); (M.D.)
| | - Mery Giantin
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Viale dell’Università 16, I-35020 Legnaro, Italy; (M.G.); (R.T.); (I.B.); (M.D.)
| | - Roberta Tolosi
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Viale dell’Università 16, I-35020 Legnaro, Italy; (M.G.); (R.T.); (I.B.); (M.D.)
| | - Irene Bassan
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Viale dell’Università 16, I-35020 Legnaro, Italy; (M.G.); (R.T.); (I.B.); (M.D.)
| | - Anisa Bardhi
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, Ozzano dell’Emilia, I-40064 Bologna, Italy; (A.B.); (A.B.); (A.Z.)
| | - Andrea Barbarossa
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, Ozzano dell’Emilia, I-40064 Bologna, Italy; (A.B.); (A.B.); (A.Z.)
| | - Ludovica Montanucci
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA;
| | - Anna Zaghini
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, Ozzano dell’Emilia, I-40064 Bologna, Italy; (A.B.); (A.B.); (A.Z.)
| | - Mauro Dacasto
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Viale dell’Università 16, I-35020 Legnaro, Italy; (M.G.); (R.T.); (I.B.); (M.D.)
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Pietropoli E, Pauletto M, Tolosi R, Iori S, Lopparelli RM, Montanucci L, Giantin M, Dacasto M, De Liguoro M. An In Vivo Whole-Transcriptomic Approach to Assess Developmental and Reproductive Impairments Caused by Flumequine in Daphnia magna. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119396. [PMID: 37298348 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Among veterinary antibiotics, flumequine (FLU) is still widely used in aquaculture due to its efficacy and cost-effectiveness. Although it was synthesized more than 50 years ago, a complete toxicological framework of possible side effects on non-target species is still far from being achieved. The aim of this research was to investigate the FLU molecular mechanisms in Daphnia magna, a planktonic crustacean recognized as a model species for ecotoxicological studies. Two different FLU concentrations (2.0 mg L-1 and 0.2 mg L-1) were assayed in general accordance with OECD Guideline 211, with some proper adaptations. Exposure to FLU (2.0 mg L-1) caused alteration of phenotypic traits, with a significant reduction in survival rate, body growth, and reproduction. The lower concentration (0.2 mg L-1) did not affect phenotypic traits but modulated gene expression, an effect which was even more evident under the higher exposure level. Indeed, in daphnids exposed to 2.0 mg L-1 FLU, several genes related with growth, development, structural components, and antioxidant response were significantly modulated. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work showing the impact of FLU on the transcriptome of D. magna.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edoardo Pietropoli
- Department Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, 35020 Padova, Italy
| | - Marianna Pauletto
- Department Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, 35020 Padova, Italy
| | - Roberta Tolosi
- Department Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, 35020 Padova, Italy
| | - Silvia Iori
- Department Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, 35020 Padova, Italy
| | - Rosa Maria Lopparelli
- Department Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, 35020 Padova, Italy
| | - Ludovica Montanucci
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Mery Giantin
- Department Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, 35020 Padova, Italy
| | - Mauro Dacasto
- Department Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, 35020 Padova, Italy
| | - Marco De Liguoro
- Department Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, 35020 Padova, Italy
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Marconato L, Stefanello D, Solari Basano F, Faroni E, Dacasto M, Giantin M, Bettini G, Aresu L, Bonfanti U, Bertazzolo W, Annoni M, Lecchi C, Sabattini S. Subcutaneous mast cell tumours: A prospective multi-institutional clinicopathological and prognostic study of 43 dogs. Vet Rec 2023:e2991. [PMID: 37224084 DOI: 10.1002/vetr.2991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Canine subcutaneous mast cell tumours (ScMCTs) reportedly have a good prognosis. However, biomarkers that can be used to predict outcome are currently limited. METHODS A multicentre prospective study was conducted to identify new prognostic markers. Dogs with a first occurrence of ScMCT were enrolled upon primary tumour removal and regional lymphadenectomy. In the absence of metastasis, dogs were monitored, while dogs with overtly metastatic lymph nodes (histological node 3, HN3) received adjuvant vinblastine. RESULTS Forty-three dogs were enrolled: 15 (34.9%) had at least one HN3 lymph node and received vinblastine, and 28 (65.1%) were monitored. Three tumours harboured exon 8 and 9 c-kit mutations. Eight (18.6%) dogs experienced tumour progression, and five (11.6%) died of MCT-related causes. The 1- and 2-year survival rates were 90% and 77%, respectively. Variables significantly associated with an increased risk of progression included high cytograde, a mitotic count (MC) greater than 4/10 high-power fields (hpf) and Ki67-index greater than 23. An MC greater than 4/10 hpf was also associated with an increased risk of tumour-related death. LIMITATIONS Regional rather than sentinel lymphadenectomy was performed in these dogs. Dogs were enrolled in oncology referral centres, constituting a different population compared to previous studies. CONCLUSIONS ScMCTs have a good prognosis. However, the metastatic rate at admission was higher in this study than previously reported, and a subset of tumours were associated with a fatal outcome despite multimodal treatment. Proliferative activity and cytograding may predict more aggressive behaviour in ScMCTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Marconato
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Ozzano dell'Emilia, Italy
| | - Damiano Stefanello
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Milan, Lodi, Italy
| | | | - Eugenio Faroni
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Ozzano dell'Emilia, Italy
| | - Mauro Dacasto
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Legnaro, Italy
| | - Mery Giantin
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Legnaro, Italy
| | - Giuliano Bettini
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Ozzano dell'Emilia, Italy
| | - Luca Aresu
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Grugliasco, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Cristina Lecchi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Milan, Lodi, Italy
| | - Silvia Sabattini
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Ozzano dell'Emilia, Italy
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Treggiari E, Giantin M, Ferro S, Romanelli G. Canine gastrointestinal stromal tumours treated with surgery and imatinib mesylate: three cases (2018-2020). J Small Anim Pract 2023; 64:161-167. [PMID: 36335646 DOI: 10.1111/jsap.13572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GISTs) are described in dogs and are histologically diagnosed with the aid of immunohistochemistry to allow differentiation from leiomyomas/leiomyosarcomas. These tumours express c-kit and in some cases could harbour mutations in KIT coding gene. MATERIALS AND METHODS Dogs with a diagnosis of GIST previously confirmed with histopathology and immunohistochemistry were considered for inclusion. Medical records were reviewed for clinical signs at presentation, results of diagnostic tests, tumour location and treatment. To be included, patients had to undergo staging procedures and treatment with imatinib alone or in combination with surgery. Immunohistochemistry and KIT mutational analysis were performed assessing all included cases. RESULTS Three cases were included. All cases underwent staging procedures and surgical excision. Tumours were located in the stomach (two cases) or caecum (one case). KIT mutational status was assessed and the presence of a 54-base pair deletion in exon 11 was identified in one case. Following surgery, imatinib was used to treat recurrent, metastatic or residual disease and resulted in complete response and stable disease in the macroscopic setting and no evidence of recurrence in the microscopic setting. Follow-up time was 890, 120 and 352 days, respectively. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Surgical and medical treatment resulted in a positive outcome in these cases of canine GIST. Imatinib treatment was well tolerated and resulted in a measurable response and a low spectrum of toxicities. Further studies on the tolerability and efficacy of imatinib in solid tumours and GIST are warranted to define its effectiveness and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Treggiari
- Centro Specialistico Veterinario, Milan, Italy
| | - M Giantin
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - S Ferro
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - G Romanelli
- Centro Specialistico Veterinario, Milan, Italy
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Pascual A, Pauletto M, Trocino A, Birolo M, Dacasto M, Giantin M, Bordignon F, Ballarin C, Bortoletti M, Pillan G, Xiccato G. Effect of the dietary supplementation with extracts of chestnut wood and grape pomace on performance and jejunum response in female and male broiler chickens at different ages. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2022; 13:102. [PMID: 35978386 PMCID: PMC9387010 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-022-00736-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recently, interest in the use of herbs and phytogenic compounds has grown because of their potential role in the production and health of livestock animals. Among these compounds, several tannins have been tested in poultry, but those from chestnut wood and grape-industry byproducts have attracted remarkable interest. Thus, the present study aimed to gain further insights into the mechanisms involved in the response to the dietary supplementation with extracts of chestnut wood or grape pomace. To this purpose, 864 broiler chickens were fed a control diet (C) or the same diet supplemented 0.2% chestnut wood (CN) extract or 0.2% grape pomace (GP) extract from hatching until commercial slaughtering (at 45 days of age) to assess their effects on performance, meat quality, jejunum immune response and whole-transcriptome profiling in both sexes at different ages (15 and 35 d). RESULTS Final live weight and daily weight gain significantly increased (P < 0.01) in chickens fed GP diets compared to CN and C diets. The villi height was lower in chickens fed the CN diet than in those fed the C diet (P < 0.001); moreover, a lower density of CD45+ cells was observed in chickens fed the CN diet (P < 0.05) compared to those fed the C and GP diets. Genes involved in either pro- or anti-inflammatory response pathways, and antimicrobial and antioxidant responses were affected by GP and CN diets. There was no effect of the dietary treatment on meat quality. Regarding sex, in addition to a lower growth performance, females showed a lower occurrence of wooden breast (16.7% vs. 55.6%; P < 0.001) and a higher occurrence of spaghetti meat (48.6% vs. 4.17%; P < 0.001) in pectoralis major muscles after slaughtering than those in males. Based on the results of whole-transcriptome profiling, a significant activation of some molecular pathways related to immunity was observed in males compared with those of females. CONCLUSIONS The GP supplementation improved chicken performance and promoted immune responses in the intestinal mucosa; moreover, age and sex were associated with the most relevant transcriptional changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Pascual
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animal and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020, Padova, Legnaro, Italy
| | - M Pauletto
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science (BCA), University of Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020, Padova, Legnaro, Italy
| | - A Trocino
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science (BCA), University of Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020, Padova, Legnaro, Italy.
| | - M Birolo
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animal and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020, Padova, Legnaro, Italy
| | - M Dacasto
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science (BCA), University of Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020, Padova, Legnaro, Italy
| | - M Giantin
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science (BCA), University of Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020, Padova, Legnaro, Italy
| | - F Bordignon
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animal and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020, Padova, Legnaro, Italy
| | - C Ballarin
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science (BCA), University of Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020, Padova, Legnaro, Italy
| | - M Bortoletti
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science (BCA), University of Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020, Padova, Legnaro, Italy
| | - G Pillan
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science (BCA), University of Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020, Padova, Legnaro, Italy
| | - G Xiccato
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animal and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020, Padova, Legnaro, Italy
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Iori S, Pauletto M, Bassan I, Bonsembiante F, Gelain ME, Bardhi A, Barbarossa A, Zaghini A, Dacasto M, Giantin M. Deepening the Whole Transcriptomics of Bovine Liver Cells Exposed to AFB1: A Spotlight on Toll-like Receptor 2. Toxins (Basel) 2022; 14:toxins14070504. [PMID: 35878242 PMCID: PMC9323327 DOI: 10.3390/toxins14070504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is a food contaminant metabolized mostly in the liver and leading to hepatic damage. Livestock species are differently susceptible to AFB1, but the underlying mechanisms of toxicity have not yet been fully investigated, especially in ruminants. Thus, the aim of the present study was to better characterize the molecular mechanism by which AFB1 exerts hepatotoxicity in cattle. The bovine fetal hepatocyte cell line (BFH12) was exposed for 48 h to three different AFB1 concentrations (0.9 µM, 1.8 µM and 3.6 µM). Whole-transcriptomic changes were measured by RNA-seq analysis, showing significant differences in the expression of genes mainly involved in inflammatory response, oxidative stress, drug metabolism, apoptosis and cancer. As a confirmatory step, post-translational investigations on genes of interest were implemented. Cell death associated with necrosis rather than apoptosis events was noted. As far as the toxicity mechanism is concerned, a molecular pathway linking inflammatory response and oxidative stress was postulated. Toll-Like Receptor 2 (TLR2) activation, consequent to AFB1 exposure, triggers an intracellular signaling cascade involving a kinase (p38β MAPK), which in turn allows the nuclear translocation of the activator protein-1 (AP-1) and NF-κB, finally leading to the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Furthermore, a p38β MAPK negative role in cytoprotective genes regulation was postulated. Overall, our investigations improved the actual knowledge on the molecular effects of this worldwide relevant natural toxin in cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Iori
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Viale dell’Università 16, Legnaro, 35020 Padua, Italy; (S.I.); (M.P.); (I.B.); (F.B.); (M.E.G.); (M.D.)
| | - Marianna Pauletto
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Viale dell’Università 16, Legnaro, 35020 Padua, Italy; (S.I.); (M.P.); (I.B.); (F.B.); (M.E.G.); (M.D.)
| | - Irene Bassan
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Viale dell’Università 16, Legnaro, 35020 Padua, Italy; (S.I.); (M.P.); (I.B.); (F.B.); (M.E.G.); (M.D.)
| | - Federico Bonsembiante
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Viale dell’Università 16, Legnaro, 35020 Padua, Italy; (S.I.); (M.P.); (I.B.); (F.B.); (M.E.G.); (M.D.)
- Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, University of Padua, Viale dell’Università 16, Legnaro, 35020 Padua, Italy
| | - Maria Elena Gelain
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Viale dell’Università 16, Legnaro, 35020 Padua, Italy; (S.I.); (M.P.); (I.B.); (F.B.); (M.E.G.); (M.D.)
| | - Anisa Bardhi
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, Ozzano dell’Emilia, 40064 Bologna, Italy; (A.B.); (A.B.); (A.Z.)
| | - Andrea Barbarossa
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, Ozzano dell’Emilia, 40064 Bologna, Italy; (A.B.); (A.B.); (A.Z.)
| | - Anna Zaghini
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, Ozzano dell’Emilia, 40064 Bologna, Italy; (A.B.); (A.B.); (A.Z.)
| | - Mauro Dacasto
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Viale dell’Università 16, Legnaro, 35020 Padua, Italy; (S.I.); (M.P.); (I.B.); (F.B.); (M.E.G.); (M.D.)
| | - Mery Giantin
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Viale dell’Università 16, Legnaro, 35020 Padua, Italy; (S.I.); (M.P.); (I.B.); (F.B.); (M.E.G.); (M.D.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-049-827-2946
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Ceschi S, Berselli M, Cozzaglio M, Giantin M, Toppo S, Spolaore B, Sissi C. Vimentin binds to G-quadruplex repeats found at telomeres and gene promoters. Nucleic Acids Res 2022; 50:1370-1381. [PMID: 35100428 PMCID: PMC8860586 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkab1274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
G-quadruplex (G4) structures that can form at guanine-rich genomic sites, including telomeres and gene promoters, are actively involved in genome maintenance, replication, and transcription, through finely tuned interactions with protein networks. In the present study, we identified the intermediate filament protein Vimentin as a binder with nanomolar affinity for those G-rich sequences that give rise to at least two adjacent G4 units, named G4 repeats. This interaction is supported by the N-terminal domains of soluble Vimentin tetramers. The selectivity of Vimentin for G4 repeats versus individual G4s provides an unprecedented result. Based on GO enrichment analysis performed on genes having putative G4 repeats within their core promoters, we suggest that Vimentin recruitment at these sites may contribute to the regulation of gene expression during cell development and migration, possibly by reshaping the local higher-order genome topology, as already reported for lamin B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Ceschi
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova 35131, Italy
| | - Michele Berselli
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova 35131, Italy
| | - Marta Cozzaglio
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova 35131, Italy
| | - Mery Giantin
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Legnaro 35020, Italy
| | - Stefano Toppo
- CRIBI Biotechnology Center (Centro di Ricerca Interdipartimentale per le Biotecnologie Innovative), University of Padova, Padova 35131, Italy
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova 35131, Italy
| | - Barbara Spolaore
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova 35131, Italy
- CRIBI Biotechnology Center (Centro di Ricerca Interdipartimentale per le Biotecnologie Innovative), University of Padova, Padova 35131, Italy
| | - Claudia Sissi
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova 35131, Italy
- CRIBI Biotechnology Center (Centro di Ricerca Interdipartimentale per le Biotecnologie Innovative), University of Padova, Padova 35131, Italy
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9
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Da Ros S, Nicoletto G, Rigo R, Ceschi S, Zorzan E, Dacasto M, Giantin M, Sissi C. G-Quadruplex Modulation of SP1 Functional Binding Sites at the KIT Proximal Promoter. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 22:E329. [PMID: 33396937 PMCID: PMC7795597 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The regulation of conformational arrangements of gene promoters is a physiological mechanism that has been associated with the fine control of gene expression. Indeed, it can drive the time and the location for the selective recruitment of proteins of the transcriptional machinery. Here, we address this issue at the KIT proximal promoter where three G-quadruplex forming sites are present (kit1, kit2 and kit*). On this model, we focused on the interplay between G-quadruplex (G4) formation and SP1 recruitment. By site directed mutagenesis, we prepared a library of plasmids containing mutated sequences of the WT KIT promoter that systematically exploited different G4 formation attitudes and SP1 binding properties. Our transfection data showed that the three different G4 sites of the KIT promoter impact on SP1 binding and protein expression at different levels. Notably, kit2 and kit* structural features represent an on-off system for KIT expression through the recruitment of transcription factors. The use of two G4 binders further helps to address kit2-kit* as a reliable target for pharmacological intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Da Ros
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padua, 35131 Padua, Italy; (S.D.R.); (G.N.); (R.R.); (S.C.)
| | - Giulia Nicoletto
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padua, 35131 Padua, Italy; (S.D.R.); (G.N.); (R.R.); (S.C.)
| | - Riccardo Rigo
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padua, 35131 Padua, Italy; (S.D.R.); (G.N.); (R.R.); (S.C.)
| | - Silvia Ceschi
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padua, 35131 Padua, Italy; (S.D.R.); (G.N.); (R.R.); (S.C.)
| | - Eleonora Zorzan
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, 35020 Legnaro, Italy; (E.Z.); (M.D.)
| | - Mauro Dacasto
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, 35020 Legnaro, Italy; (E.Z.); (M.D.)
| | - Mery Giantin
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, 35020 Legnaro, Italy; (E.Z.); (M.D.)
| | - Claudia Sissi
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padua, 35131 Padua, Italy; (S.D.R.); (G.N.); (R.R.); (S.C.)
- CRIBI Biotechnology Center (Centro di Ricerca Interdipartimentale per le Biotecnologie Innovative), University of Padua, 35131 Padua, Italy
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10
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Pauletto M, Giantin M, Tolosi R, Bassan I, Barbarossa A, Zaghini A, Dacasto M. Curcumin Mitigates AFB1-Induced Hepatic Toxicity by Triggering Cattle Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Pathways: A Whole Transcriptomic In Vitro Study. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9111059. [PMID: 33137966 PMCID: PMC7692341 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9111059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) toxicity in livestock and human beings is a major economic and health concern. Natural polyphenolic substances with antioxidant properties have proven to be effective in ameliorating AFB1-induced toxicity. Here we assessed the potential anti-AFB1 activity of curcumin (pure curcumin, C, and curcumin from Curcuma longa, CL) in a bovine fetal hepatocyte-derived cell line (BFH12). First, we measured viability of cells exposed to AFB1 in presence or absence of curcumin treatment. Then, we explored all the transcriptional changes occurring in AFB1-exposed cells cotreated with curcumin. Results demonstrated that curcumin is effective in reducing AFB1-induced toxicity, decreasing cells mortality by approximately 30%. C and CL induced similar transcriptional changes in BFH12 exposed to AFB1, yet C treatment resulted in a larger number of significant genes compared to CL. The mitigating effects of curcuminoids towards AFB1 toxicity were mainly related to molecular pathways associated with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory response, cancer, and drug metabolism. Investigating mRNA changes induced by curcumin in cattle BFH12 cells exposed to AFB1 will help us to better characterize possible tools to reduce its consequences in this susceptible and economically important food-producing species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Pauletto
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, viale dell’Università 16, Legnaro, 35020 Padova, Italy; (M.P.); (M.G.); (R.T.); (I.B.)
| | - Mery Giantin
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, viale dell’Università 16, Legnaro, 35020 Padova, Italy; (M.P.); (M.G.); (R.T.); (I.B.)
| | - Roberta Tolosi
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, viale dell’Università 16, Legnaro, 35020 Padova, Italy; (M.P.); (M.G.); (R.T.); (I.B.)
| | - Irene Bassan
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, viale dell’Università 16, Legnaro, 35020 Padova, Italy; (M.P.); (M.G.); (R.T.); (I.B.)
| | - Andrea Barbarossa
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, Ozzano dell’Emilia, 40064 Bologna, Italy; (A.B.); (A.Z.)
| | - Anna Zaghini
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, Ozzano dell’Emilia, 40064 Bologna, Italy; (A.B.); (A.Z.)
| | - Mauro Dacasto
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, viale dell’Università 16, Legnaro, 35020 Padova, Italy; (M.P.); (M.G.); (R.T.); (I.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-049-827-2935
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11
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Nassi A, Quintieri L, Merlanti R, Pezzato F, Capolongo F, Pauletto M, Dacasto M, Giantin M. Midazolam oxidation in cattle liver microsomes: The role of cytochrome P450 3A. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2020; 43:608-613. [PMID: 32893906 DOI: 10.1111/jvp.12906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In humans, the cytochrome P450 3A (CYP3A) subfamily is involved in midazolam (MDZ) biotransformation into 1'- and 4-hydroxy metabolites, and the former serves as a probe for CYP3A catalytic activity. In veterinary species is still crucial to identify enzyme- and species-specific CYP substrates; thus, the aim of this study was to characterize MDZ oxidation in cattle liver. A HPLC-UV method was used to measure 1'- and 4-hydroxy MDZ (1'- and 4-OHMDZ, respectively) formation in cattle liver microsomes and assess the role of CYP3A by an immunoinhibition study. Moreover, MDZ hydroxylation was evaluated in 300 cattle liver samples and results were correlated with testosterone hydroxylation. Formation of both metabolites conformed to a single-enzyme Michaelis-Menten kinetics. Values of Vmax and Km were 0.67 nmol/min/mg protein and 6.16 μM for 4-OHMDZ, and 0.06 nmol/min/mg protein and 10.08 μM for 1'-OHMDZ. An anti-rat CYP3A1 polyclonal antibody inhibited up to 50% and 94% 1'- and 4-OHMDZ formation, respectively. MDZ oxidation in liver microsomes was poorly correlated with testosterone hydroxylation. In conclusion, cattle metabolized MDZ to 1'-OHMDZ and 4-OHMDZ. The immunoinhibition results indicated a major contribution of CYP3As to 4-OHMDZ formation and the involvement of other CYPs in 1'-OHMDZ production, paving the way for further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Nassi
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Luigi Quintieri
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Roberta Merlanti
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Francesca Pezzato
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Francesca Capolongo
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Marianna Pauletto
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Mauro Dacasto
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Mery Giantin
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
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12
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Pauletto M, Tolosi R, Dacasto M, Giantin M. Missense single nucleotide variants affecting CYP3A catalytic activity are present in Limousine cattle. Italian Journal of Animal Science 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/1828051x.2020.1808100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Pauletto
- Dipartimento di Biomedicina Comparata e Alimentazione, Area di Farmacologia e Tossicologia Veterinaria, Università di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Roberta Tolosi
- Dipartimento di Biomedicina Comparata e Alimentazione, Area di Farmacologia e Tossicologia Veterinaria, Università di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Mauro Dacasto
- Dipartimento di Biomedicina Comparata e Alimentazione, Area di Farmacologia e Tossicologia Veterinaria, Università di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Mery Giantin
- Dipartimento di Biomedicina Comparata e Alimentazione, Area di Farmacologia e Tossicologia Veterinaria, Università di Padova, Padova, Italy
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13
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Kuhnert L, Giantin M, Dacasto M, Halwachs S, Honscha W. AhR-activating pesticides increase the bovine ABCG2 efflux activity in MDCKII-bABCG2 cells. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0237163. [PMID: 32764792 PMCID: PMC7413513 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0237163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In bovine mammary glands, the ABCG2 transporter actively secretes xenobiotics into dairy milk. This can have significant implications when cattle are exposed to pesticide residues in feed. Recent studies indicate that the fungicide prochloraz activates the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) pathway, increasing bovine ABCG2 (bABCG2) gene expression and efflux activity. This could enhance the accumulation of bABCG2 substrates in dairy milk, impacting pesticide risk assessment. We therefore investigated whether 13 commonly used pesticides in Europe are inducers of AhR and bABCG2 activity. MDCKII cells expressing mammary bABCG2 were incubated with pesticides for up to 72 h. To reflect an in vivo situation, applied pesticide concentrations corresponded to the maximum residue levels (MRLs) permitted in bovine fat or muscle. AhR activation was ascertained through CYP1A mRNA expression and enzyme activity, measured by qPCR and 7-ethoxyresorufin-Ο-deethylase (EROD) assay, respectively. Pesticide-mediated increase of bABCG2 efflux activity was assessed using the Hoechst 33342 accumulation assay. For all assays, the known AhR-activating pesticide prochloraz served as a positive control, while the non-activating tolclofos-methyl provided the negative control. At 10-fold MRL concentrations, chlorpyrifos-methyl, diflufenican, ioxynil, rimsulfuron, and tebuconazole significantly increased CYP1A1 mRNA levels, CYP1A activity, and bABCG2 efflux activity compared to the vehicle control. In contrast, dimethoate, dimethomorph, glyphosate, iprodione, methiocarb and thiacloprid had no impact on AhR-mediated CYP1A1 mRNA levels, CYP1A activity or bABCG2 efflux. In conclusion, the MDCKII-bABCG2 cell model proved an appropriate tool for identifying AhR- and bABCG2-inducing pesticides. This provides an in vitro approach that could reduce the number of animals required in pesticide approval studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lydia Kuhnert
- Institute of Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Mery Giantin
- Division of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Agripolis Legnaro (Padua), Italy
| | - Mauro Dacasto
- Division of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Agripolis Legnaro (Padua), Italy
| | - Sandra Halwachs
- Institute of Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Walther Honscha
- Institute of Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
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14
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Pascual A, Pauletto M, Giantin M, Radaelli G, Ballarin C, Birolo M, Zomeño C, Dacasto M, Bortoletti M, Vascellari M, Xiccato G, Trocino A. Effect of dietary supplementation with yeast cell wall extracts on performance and gut response in broiler chickens. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2020; 11:40. [PMID: 32377338 PMCID: PMC7193382 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-020-00448-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The dietary supplementation of yeast cell wall extracts (YCW) has been found to reduce pathogenic bacteria load, promote immunoglobulin production, prevent diseases by pro-inflammatory responses, and alter gut microbiota composition. This study evaluated growth and slaughter results, health, gut morphology, immune status and gut transcriptome of 576 male chickens fed two diets, i.e. C (control) or Y (with 250-500 g/t of YCW fractions according to the growth period). At 21 and 42 d the jejunum of 12 chickens per diet were sampled and stained with hematoxylin/eosin for morphometric evaluation, with Alcian-PAS for goblet cells, and antibodies against CD3+ intraepithelial T-cells and CD45+ intraepithelial leukocytes. The jejunum sampled at 42 d were also used for whole-transcriptome profiling. Results Dietary YCW supplementation did not affect final live weight, whereas it decreased feed intake (114 to 111 g/d; P ≤ 0.10) and improved feed conversion (1.74 to 1.70; P ≤ 0.01). Regarding the gut, YCW supplementation tended to increase villi height (P = 0.07); it also increased the number of goblet cells and reduced the density of CD45+ cells compared to diet C (P < 0.001). In the gut transcriptome, four genes were expressed more in broilers fed diet Y compared to diet C, i.e. cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily C, polypeptide 23b (CYP2C23B), tetratricopeptide repeat domain 9 (TTC9), basic helix-loop-helix family member e41 (BHLHE41), and the metalloreductase STEAP4. Only one gene set (HES_PATHWAY) was significantly enriched among the transcripts more expressed in broilers fed diet Y. However, a total of 41 gene sets were significantly over-represented among genes up-regulated in control broilers. Notably, several enriched gene sets are implicated in immune functions and related to NF-κB signaling, apoptosis, and interferon signals. Conclusions The dietary YCW supplementation improved broiler growth performance, increased gut glycoconjugate secretion and reduced the inflammatory status together with differences in the gut transcriptome, which can be considered useful to improve animal welfare and health under the challenging conditions of intensive rearing systems in broiler chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Pascual
- 1Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science (BCA), University of Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, I-35020 Legnaro, Padova Italy
| | - M Pauletto
- 1Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science (BCA), University of Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, I-35020 Legnaro, Padova Italy
| | - M Giantin
- 1Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science (BCA), University of Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, I-35020 Legnaro, Padova Italy
| | - G Radaelli
- 1Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science (BCA), University of Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, I-35020 Legnaro, Padova Italy
| | - C Ballarin
- 1Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science (BCA), University of Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, I-35020 Legnaro, Padova Italy
| | - M Birolo
- 2Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animal, and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, I-35020 Legnaro, Padova Italy
| | - C Zomeño
- 1Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science (BCA), University of Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, I-35020 Legnaro, Padova Italy
| | - M Dacasto
- 1Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science (BCA), University of Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, I-35020 Legnaro, Padova Italy
| | - M Bortoletti
- 1Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science (BCA), University of Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, I-35020 Legnaro, Padova Italy
| | - M Vascellari
- 3Histopathology Department, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Viale dell'Università 10, I-35020 Legnaro, Padova Italy
| | - G Xiccato
- 2Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animal, and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, I-35020 Legnaro, Padova Italy
| | - A Trocino
- 1Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science (BCA), University of Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, I-35020 Legnaro, Padova Italy
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15
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Iannaccone M, Ianni A, Elgendy R, Martino C, Giantin M, Cerretani L, Dacasto M, Martino G. Iodine Supplemented Diet Positively Affect Immune Response and Dairy Product Quality in Fresian Cow. Animals (Basel) 2019; 9:ani9110866. [PMID: 31731565 PMCID: PMC6912399 DOI: 10.3390/ani9110866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The effects of iodine supplementation on the whole-transcriptome of dairy cow using RNA sequencing has been investigated in this study. Iodine did not influence the milk composition, while an improvement was observed in the immune response as well as in the quality of dairy product. Indeed, the iodine intake specifically influenced the expression of 525 genes and the pathway analysis demonstrated that the most affected among them were related to immune response and oxidative stress. As a consequence, we indirectly showed a better response to bacterial infection because of the reduction of somatic cell counts; furthermore, an improvement of dairy product quality was observed since lipid oxidation reduced in fresh cheese. Such findings, together with the higher milk iodine content, clearly demonstrated that iodine supplementation in dairy cow could represent a beneficial practice to preserve animal health and to improve the nutraceutical properties of milk and its derived products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Iannaccone
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture, and Environment, University of Teramo, Via R. Balzarini 1, 64100 Teramo, Italy;
| | - Andrea Ianni
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy;
| | - Ramy Elgendy
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala 75185, Sweden;
| | - Camillo Martino
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Abruzzo e del Molise “G. Caporale” Via Campo Boario, 64100 Teramo, Italy;
| | - Mery Giantin
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Viale dell’Università 16, 35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy; (M.G.); (M.D.)
| | | | - Mauro Dacasto
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Viale dell’Università 16, 35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy; (M.G.); (M.D.)
| | - Giuseppe Martino
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture, and Environment, University of Teramo, Via R. Balzarini 1, 64100 Teramo, Italy;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0861-266950
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16
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Pauletto M, Lopparelli RM, Pegolo S, Armani M, Zorzan E, Giantin M, Bertotto D, Gallocchio F, Zancanella V, Capolongo F, Binato G, Mutinelli F, Dacasto M. Significance of the goby Zosterisessor ophiocephalus as a sentinel species for Venice Lagoon contamination: Combining biomarker responses and bioaccumulation. Sci Total Environ 2019; 660:959-973. [PMID: 30743980 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.01.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Revised: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The Venice Lagoon is an interesting example of an ecosystem suffering for a considerable anthropogenic impact, resulting in high concentrations of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in lagoon sediments and seafood. In this context, biomonitoring is a crucially important task. The present study aimed at evaluating the validity of a multiple biomarker approach in a benthic fish species. A total of 567 Zosterisessor ophiocephalus (Gobiidae) fish were collected in spring and autumn from three areas of Venice Lagoon (Porto Marghera, Val di Brenta, and Cà Roman) showing high, intermediate and low amounts of POPs, respectively. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) and cytochrome P450 1A (CYP1A) mRNA levels, CYP1A protein amount and ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase activity (EROD) were measured in pooled liver and gills (mRNA levels only). Such biological data were then compared with polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) residues, measured in grass goby muscle by gas chromatography. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor and CYP1A mRNAs, protein and EROD were upregulated in accordance with PCB amounts measured in Z. ophiocephalus muscles. In fact, the highest AHR and CYP1A induction was observed in fish sampled in close proximity of the industrial area of Porto Marghera. Overall, the present study confirm the grass goby as a reliable sentinel species for Venice Lagoon, and AHR/CYP1A/EROD as a sensitive set of biomarkers of exposure for AHR ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Pauletto
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, viale dell'Università 16, I-35020 Legnaro, Padua, Italy.
| | - Rosa M Lopparelli
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, viale dell'Università 16, I-35020 Legnaro, Padua, Italy.
| | - Sara Pegolo
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, viale dell'Università 16, I-35020 Legnaro, Padua, Italy.
| | - Mariachiara Armani
- Veterinary and Public Health Institute, viale dell'Università 10, I-35020 Legnaro, Padua, Italy.
| | - Eleonora Zorzan
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, viale dell'Università 16, I-35020 Legnaro, Padua, Italy.
| | - Mery Giantin
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, viale dell'Università 16, I-35020 Legnaro, Padua, Italy.
| | - Daniela Bertotto
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, viale dell'Università 16, I-35020 Legnaro, Padua, Italy.
| | - Federica Gallocchio
- Veterinary and Public Health Institute, viale dell'Università 10, I-35020 Legnaro, Padua, Italy.
| | - Vanessa Zancanella
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, viale dell'Università 16, I-35020 Legnaro, Padua, Italy
| | - Francesca Capolongo
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, viale dell'Università 16, I-35020 Legnaro, Padua, Italy.
| | - Giovanni Binato
- Veterinary and Public Health Institute, viale dell'Università 10, I-35020 Legnaro, Padua, Italy.
| | - Franco Mutinelli
- Veterinary and Public Health Institute, viale dell'Università 10, I-35020 Legnaro, Padua, Italy.
| | - Mauro Dacasto
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, viale dell'Università 16, I-35020 Legnaro, Padua, Italy.
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17
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Giannuzzi D, Marconato L, Elgendy R, Ferraresso S, Scarselli E, Fariselli P, Nicosia A, Pegolo S, Leoni G, Laganga P, Leone VF, Giantin M, Troise F, Dacasto M, Aresu L. Longitudinal transcriptomic and genetic landscape of radiotherapy response in canine melanoma. Vet Comp Oncol 2019; 17:308-316. [PMID: 30805995 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Revised: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Canine malignant melanoma (MM) is a highly aggressive tumour with a low survival rate and represents an ideal spontaneous model for the human counterpart. Considerable progress has been recently obtained, but the therapeutic success for canine melanoma is still challenging. Little is known about the mechanisms beyond pathogenesis and melanoma development, and the molecular response to radiotherapy has never been explored before. A faster and deeper understanding of cancer mutational processes and developing mechanisms are now possible through next generation sequencing technologies. In this study, we matched whole exome and transcriptome sequencing in four dogs affected by MM at diagnosis and at disease progression to identify possible genetic mechanisms associated with therapy failure. According to previous studies, a genetic similarity between canine MM and its human counterpart was observed. Several somatic mutations were functionally related to MAPK, PI3K/AKT and p53 signalling pathways, but located in genes other than BRAF, RAS and KIT. At disease progression, several mutations were related to therapy effects. Natural killer cell-mediated cytotoxicity and several immune-system-related pathways resulted activated opening a new scenario on the microenvironment in this tumour. In conclusion, this study suggests a potential role of the immune system associated to radiotherapy in canine melanoma, but a larger sample size associated with functional studies are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Giannuzzi
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Legnaro, Padua, Italy
| | - Laura Marconato
- Centro Oncologico Veterinario, Sasso Marconi, Bologna, Italy
| | - Ramy Elgendy
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Serena Ferraresso
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Legnaro, Padua, Italy
| | | | - Piero Fariselli
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Legnaro, Padua, Italy
| | - Alfredo Nicosia
- Nouscom AG, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy.,CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate s.c. a.r.l., Naples, Italy
| | - Sara Pegolo
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural resources, Animals and Environment, University of Padua, Legnaro, Padua, Italy
| | | | - Paola Laganga
- Centro Oncologico Veterinario, Sasso Marconi, Bologna, Italy
| | - Vito F Leone
- Centro Oncologico Veterinario, Sasso Marconi, Bologna, Italy
| | - Mery Giantin
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Legnaro, Padua, Italy
| | | | - Mauro Dacasto
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Legnaro, Padua, Italy
| | - Luca Aresu
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Turin, Grugliasco, Turin, Italy
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18
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Giantin M, Küblbeck J, Zancanella V, Prantner V, Sansonetti F, Schoeniger A, Tolosi R, Guerra G, Da Ros S, Dacasto M, Honkakoski P. DNA elements for constitutive androstane receptor- and pregnane X receptor-mediated regulation of bovine CYP3A28 gene. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0214338. [PMID: 30908543 PMCID: PMC6433341 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0214338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The regulation of cytochrome P450 3A (CYP3A) enzymes is established in humans, but molecular mechanisms of its basal and xenobiotic-mediated regulation in cattle are still unknown. Here, ~10 kbp of the bovine CYP3A28 gene promoter were cloned and sequenced, and putative transcription factor binding sites were predicted. The CYP3A28 proximal promoter (PP; -284/+71 bp) contained DNA elements conserved among species. Co-transfection of bovine nuclear receptors (NRs) pregnane X and constitutive androstane receptor (bPXR and bCAR) with various CYP3A28 promoter constructs into hepatoma cell lines identified two main regions, the PP and the distal fragment F3 (-6899/-4937 bp), that were responsive to bPXR (both) and bCAR (F3 fragment only). Site-directed mutagenesis and deletion of NR motif ER6, hepatocyte nuclear factor 1 (HNF-1) and HNF-4 binding sites in the PP suggested either the involvement of ER6 element in bPXR-mediated activation or the cooperation between bPXR and liver-enriched transcription factors (LETFs) in PP transactivation. A putative DR5 element within the F3 fragment was involved in bCAR-mediated PP+F3 transactivation. Although DNA enrichment by anti-human NR antibodies was quite low, ChIP investigations in control and RU486-treated BFH12 cells, suggested that retinoid X receptor α (RXRα) bound to ER6 and DR5 motifs and its recruitment was enhanced by RU486 treatment. The DR5 element seemed to be recognized mainly by bCAR, while no clear-cut results were obtained for bPXR. Present results point to species-differences in CYP3A regulation and the complexity of bovine CYP3A28 regulatory elements, but further confirmatory studies are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mery Giantin
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Legnaro, Padua, Italy
- * E-mail:
| | - Jenni Küblbeck
- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Vanessa Zancanella
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Legnaro, Padua, Italy
| | - Viktoria Prantner
- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Fabiana Sansonetti
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Legnaro, Padua, Italy
| | - Axel Schoeniger
- Institute of Biochemistry, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Roberta Tolosi
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Legnaro, Padua, Italy
| | - Giorgia Guerra
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Legnaro, Padua, Italy
| | - Silvia Da Ros
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Legnaro, Padua, Italy
| | - Mauro Dacasto
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Legnaro, Padua, Italy
| | - Paavo Honkakoski
- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
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19
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Aresu L, Ferraresso S, Marconato L, Cascione L, Napoli S, Gaudio E, Kwee I, Tarantelli C, Testa A, Maniaci C, Ciulli A, Hillmann P, Bohnacker T, Wymann MP, Comazzi S, Milan M, Riondato F, Rovere GD, Giantin M, Giannuzzi D, Bertoni F. New molecular and therapeutic insights into canine diffuse large B-cell lymphoma elucidates the role of the dog as a model for human disease. Haematologica 2018; 104:e256-e259. [PMID: 30545928 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2018.207027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Luca Aresu
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Università degli Studi di Torino, Italy
| | - Serena Ferraresso
- Dipartimento di Biomedicina Comparata e Alimentazione, Università degli Studi di Padova, Italy
| | | | - Luciano Cascione
- Università della Svizzera Italiana, Institute of Oncology Research, Bellinzona, Switzerland.,Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sara Napoli
- Università della Svizzera Italiana, Institute of Oncology Research, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Eugenio Gaudio
- Università della Svizzera Italiana, Institute of Oncology Research, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Ivo Kwee
- Università della Svizzera Italiana, Institute of Oncology Research, Bellinzona, Switzerland.,Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Dalle Molle Institute for Artificial Intelligence, Manno, Switzerland
| | - Chiara Tarantelli
- Università della Svizzera Italiana, Institute of Oncology Research, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Testa
- Division of Biological Chemistry and Drug Discovery, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Chiara Maniaci
- Division of Biological Chemistry and Drug Discovery, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Scotland, United Kingdom.,Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, England, United Kingdom
| | - Alessio Ciulli
- Division of Biological Chemistry and Drug Discovery, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | - Stefano Comazzi
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy
| | - Massimo Milan
- Dipartimento di Biomedicina Comparata e Alimentazione, Università degli Studi di Padova, Italy
| | - Fulvio Riondato
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Università degli Studi di Torino, Italy
| | - Giulia Dalla Rovere
- Dipartimento di Biomedicina Comparata e Alimentazione, Università degli Studi di Padova, Italy
| | - Mery Giantin
- Dipartimento di Biomedicina Comparata e Alimentazione, Università degli Studi di Padova, Italy
| | - Diana Giannuzzi
- Dipartimento di Biomedicina Comparata e Alimentazione, Università degli Studi di Padova, Italy
| | - Francesco Bertoni
- Università della Svizzera Italiana, Institute of Oncology Research, Bellinzona, Switzerland
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20
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Da Ros S, Aresu L, Ferraresso S, Zorzan E, Gaudio E, Bertoni F, Dacasto M, Giantin M. Validation of epigenetic mechanisms regulating gene expression in canine B-cell lymphoma: An in vitro and in vivo approach. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0208709. [PMID: 30533020 PMCID: PMC6289462 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0208709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
MESH Headings
- Animals
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Dog Diseases/genetics
- Dog Diseases/metabolism
- Dogs
- Epigenesis, Genetic/drug effects
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/drug effects
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/physiology
- Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Lymph Nodes
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/genetics
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/metabolism
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/veterinary
- Promoter Regions, Genetic
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Da Ros
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Luca Aresu
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Serena Ferraresso
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Eleonora Zorzan
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Eugenio Gaudio
- Università della Svizzera italiana, Institute of Oncology Research, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Francesco Bertoni
- Università della Svizzera italiana, Institute of Oncology Research, Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Mauro Dacasto
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Mery Giantin
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- * E-mail:
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21
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Iannaccone M, Elgendy R, Giantin M, Martino C, Giansante D, Ianni A, Dacasto M, Martino G. RNA Sequencing-Based Whole-Transcriptome Analysis of Friesian Cattle Fed with Grape Pomace-Supplemented Diet. Animals (Basel) 2018; 8:ani8110188. [PMID: 30360570 PMCID: PMC6262483 DOI: 10.3390/ani8110188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Revised: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Grape pomace (GPO) is an important source of polyphenols which are known to have antioxidant properties. In the past decade, GPO has received some attention as a bioactive dietary component in farm animals’ diet. In this study, we have analyzed the whole-transcriptome of Friesian calves fed with a GPO-supplemented diet using RNA-sequencing. We noted that the most affected pathway was the cholesterol lipid biosynthesis and this effect was consistent with a reduction in both serum cholesterol and lipid oxidation in the carcasses. This study provides evidence on the antioxidant property of GPO-supplemented diet, from a molecular biology standpoint. Abstract Grape pomace (GPO), the main by-product of the wine making process, is a rich source of polyphenols with potent antioxidant properties. Recently, GPO has emerged as a potential feed additive in livestock nutrition, with several reports describing its beneficial effects on animals’ overall health status or production traits. However, little is known about it from a molecular biology standpoint. In the present study, we report the first RNA sequencing-based whole-transcriptome profiling of Friesian calves fed with a GPO-supplemented diet. We identified 367 differentially expressed genes (p < 0.05) in the GPO-supplemented calves (n = 5), when compared with unsupplemented control group (n = 5). The pathway analysis showed that ‘cholesterol lipid biosynthesis’ was the most negatively-enriched (p < 0.001) pathway in the GPO-supplemented animals. In specific terms, five important genes coding for cholesterol biosynthesis enzymes, namely the Farnesyl-diphosphate Farnesyltransferase 1 (FDFT-1), Squalene Epoxidase (SQLE), NAD(P)-dependent Steroid Dehydrogenase-like (NSDHL), Methylsterol Monooxygenase (MSMO)-1, and Sterol-C5-desaturase (SC5D), two major transcription factors (the Sterol Regulatory Element-binding Transcription Factor 1 and 2), as well as the Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor (LDLR), were all downregulated following GPO supplementation. Such an effect was mirrored by a reduction of blood cholesterol levels (p = 0.07) and a lowered (p < 0.001) Malondialdehyde (lipid oxidation marker) level in carcasses. We provide evidence on the effects of GPO-supplemented diets on the whole-transcriptome signature in veal calves, which mainly reflects an antioxidant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Iannaccone
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture, and Environment, University of Teramo, Via R. Balzarini 1, 64100 Teramo, Italy.
| | - Ramy Elgendy
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro (Padua), Italy.
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, 75185 Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Mery Giantin
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro (Padua), Italy.
| | - Camillo Martino
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Via S. Costanzo 4, 06126 Perugia, Italy.
| | - Daniele Giansante
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise "G. Caporale", Campo Boario, 64100 Teramo, Italia.
| | - Andrea Ianni
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture, and Environment, University of Teramo, Via R. Balzarini 1, 64100 Teramo, Italy.
| | - Mauro Dacasto
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro (Padua), Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Martino
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture, and Environment, University of Teramo, Via R. Balzarini 1, 64100 Teramo, Italy.
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22
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Zorzan E, Da Ros S, Giantin M, Shahidian LZ, Guerra G, Palumbo M, Sissi C, Dacasto M. Targeting Canine KIT Promoter by Candidate DNA G-Quadruplex Ligands. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2018; 367:461-472. [PMID: 30275152 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.118.248997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
G-quadruplexes (G4) are nucleic acid secondary structures frequently assumed by G-rich sequences located mostly at telomeres and proto-oncogenes promoters. Recently, we identified, in canine KIT (v-kit Hardy-Zuckerman 4 feline sarcoma viral oncogene homolog) promoter, two G-rich sequences able to fold into G4: d_kit1 and d_kit2_A16. In this study, an anthraquinone (AQ1) and an anthracene derivative (AN6), known to stabilize the G4 structures of the corresponding human h_kit1 and h_kit2, were tested on the canine G4 and in two canine mast cell tumor (MCT) cell lines (C2 and NI-1) to verify their capability to down-regulate KIT expression. The cytotoxicity of AQ1 and AN6 was determined using the Alamar Blue test; also the constitutive expression of KIT and other proto-oncogenes containing G4 structures in their promoter (BCL2, VEGFα, VEGFR2, KRAS, and TERT) was assessed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Then the time- and dose-dependent effects of both ligands on target gene expression were assessed by qRT-PCR. All target genes were constitutively expressed up to 96 hours of culture. Both ligands decreased KIT mRNA levels and c-kit protein amount, and AN6 was comparatively fairly more effective. DNA interaction studies and a dual-luciferase gene reporter assay performed on a noncancerous canine cell line (Madin-Darby Canine Kidney cells) proved that this down-regulation was the result of the interaction of AN6 with KIT proximal promoter. Interestingly, our results only partially overlap with those previously obtained in human cell lines, where AQ1 was found as the most effective compound. These preliminary data might suggest AN6 as a promising candidate for the selective targeting of canine KIT-dependent tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Zorzan
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Agripolis Legnaro, Padua, Italy (E.Z., M.G., L.Z.S., G.G., M.D.), and Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy (S.D.R., M.P., C.S.)
| | - Silvia Da Ros
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Agripolis Legnaro, Padua, Italy (E.Z., M.G., L.Z.S., G.G., M.D.), and Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy (S.D.R., M.P., C.S.)
| | - Mery Giantin
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Agripolis Legnaro, Padua, Italy (E.Z., M.G., L.Z.S., G.G., M.D.), and Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy (S.D.R., M.P., C.S.)
| | - Lara Zorro Shahidian
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Agripolis Legnaro, Padua, Italy (E.Z., M.G., L.Z.S., G.G., M.D.), and Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy (S.D.R., M.P., C.S.)
| | - Giorgia Guerra
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Agripolis Legnaro, Padua, Italy (E.Z., M.G., L.Z.S., G.G., M.D.), and Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy (S.D.R., M.P., C.S.)
| | - Manlio Palumbo
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Agripolis Legnaro, Padua, Italy (E.Z., M.G., L.Z.S., G.G., M.D.), and Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy (S.D.R., M.P., C.S.)
| | - Claudia Sissi
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Agripolis Legnaro, Padua, Italy (E.Z., M.G., L.Z.S., G.G., M.D.), and Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy (S.D.R., M.P., C.S.)
| | - Mauro Dacasto
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Agripolis Legnaro, Padua, Italy (E.Z., M.G., L.Z.S., G.G., M.D.), and Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy (S.D.R., M.P., C.S.)
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23
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Sabattini S, Lopparelli RM, Rigillo A, Giantin M, Renzi A, Matteo C, Capitani O, Dacasto M, Mengoli M, Bettini G. Canine Splenic Nodular Lymphoid Lesions: Immunophenotyping, Proliferative Activity, and Clonality Assessment. Vet Pathol 2018; 55:645-653. [PMID: 29807508 DOI: 10.1177/0300985818777035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Canine splenic lymphoid nodules are currently classified as indolent lymphomas (marginal zone lymphoma [MZL], mantle cell lymphoma [MCL]) or nodular hyperplasia (lymphoid [LNH] or complex [CNH] type). Their differentiation can be difficult on morphology, because of similar histologic appearance and poorly defined diagnostic criteria. Thirty-five surgical samples of splenic lymphoid nodules were reviewed in order to assess the diagnostic contribution of immunophenotyping, proliferative activity and clonality (PARR) in differentiating between hyperplastic and neoplastic lesions. Proliferative activity was evaluated by double immunolabeling for Ki-67 and CD79a, in order to separately assess the proliferative activity of B cells and non-B cells. Definitive diagnoses were MZL ( n = 11), MCL ( n = 4), LNH ( n = 10), and CNH ( n = 10). The overall concordance between histology and PARR was above 90%. Lymphomas had a significantly higher percentage of CD79a-positive areas (mean, 36.30%; P = .0004) and a higher B-cell proliferative activity (median Ki-67 index, 5.49%; P = .0012). The threshold value most accurately predicting a diagnosis of lymphoma was ≥28% of B-cell areas, with a Ki-67 index above 3%. Dogs were monitored for a median follow-up time of 870 days (IQR, 569-1225), and no relapses were documented. Overall median survival time was 1282 days. The combination of histology, immunohistochemistry and PARR can improve the diagnostic accuracy for canine splenic lymphoid nodules, although the long-term behavior of these lesions appears similar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Sabattini
- 1 Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Italy
| | - Rosa Maria Lopparelli
- 2 Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Italy
| | - Antonella Rigillo
- 1 Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Italy
| | - Mery Giantin
- 2 Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Italy
| | - Andrea Renzi
- 1 Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Italy
| | - Chiara Matteo
- 1 Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Italy
| | - Ombretta Capitani
- 1 Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Italy
| | - Mauro Dacasto
- 2 Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Italy
| | - Marisa Mengoli
- 1 Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Italy
| | - Giuliano Bettini
- 1 Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Italy
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24
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Zorzan E, Da Ros S, Musetti C, Shahidian LZ, Coelho NFR, Bonsembiante F, Létard S, Gelain ME, Palumbo M, Dubreuil P, Giantin M, Sissi C, Dacasto M. Screening of candidate G-quadruplex ligands for the human c-KIT promotorial region and their effects in multiple in-vitro models. Oncotarget 2017; 7:21658-75. [PMID: 26942875 PMCID: PMC5008313 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Accepted: 02/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Stabilization of G-quadruplex (G4) structures in promoters is a novel promising strategy to regulate gene expression at transcriptional and translational levels. c-KIT proto-oncogene encodes for a tyrosine kinase receptor. It is involved in several physiological processes, but it is also dysregulated in many diseases, including cancer. Two G-rich sequences able to fold into G4, have been identified in c-KIT proximal promoter, thus representing suitable targets for anticancer intervention. Herein, we screened an “in house” library of compounds for the recognition of these G4 elements and we identified three promising ligands. Their G4-binding properties were analyzed and related to their antiproliferative, transcriptional and post-transcriptional effects in MCF7 and HGC27 cell lines. Besides c-KIT, the transcriptional analysis covered a panel of oncogenes known to possess G4 in their promoters. From these studies, an anthraquinone derivative (AQ1) was found to efficiently downregulate c-KIT mRNA and protein in both cell lines. The targeted activity of AQ1 was confirmed using c-KIT–dependent cell lines that present either c-KIT mutations or promoter engineered (i.e., α155, HMC1.2 and ROSA cells). Present results indicate AQ1 as a promising compound for the target therapy of c-KIT-dependent tumors, worth of further and in depth molecular investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Zorzan
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Legnaro, Padua, Italy
| | - Silvia Da Ros
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Caterina Musetti
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Lara Zorro Shahidian
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Legnaro, Padua, Italy
| | - Nuno Filipe Ramos Coelho
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Legnaro, Padua, Italy
| | - Federico Bonsembiante
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Legnaro, Padua, Italy
| | - Sébastien Létard
- Centre de Recherche en Cancerologie de Marseille, INSERM (U1068), CNRS (U7258), Université Aix-Marseille (UM105), Marseille, France
| | - Maria Elena Gelain
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Legnaro, Padua, Italy
| | - Manlio Palumbo
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Patrice Dubreuil
- Centre de Recherche en Cancerologie de Marseille, INSERM (U1068), CNRS (U7258), Université Aix-Marseille (UM105), Marseille, France
| | - Mery Giantin
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Legnaro, Padua, Italy
| | - Claudia Sissi
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Mauro Dacasto
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Legnaro, Padua, Italy
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25
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Elgendy R, Palazzo F, Castellani F, Giantin M, Grotta L, Cerretani L, Dacasto M, Martino G. Transcriptome profiling and functional analysis of sheep fed with high zinc-supplemented diet: A nutrigenomic approach. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2017.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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26
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Elgendy R, Giantin M, Castellani F, Grotta L, Palazzo F, Dacasto M, Martino G. Transcriptomic signature of high dietary organic selenium supplementation in sheep: A nutrigenomic insight using a custom microarray platform and gene set enrichment analysis. J Anim Sci 2017; 94:3169-3184. [PMID: 27695782 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2016-0363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of a high dietary Se supplementation on the whole transcriptome of sheep. A custom sheep whole-transcriptome microarray, with more than 23,000 unique transcripts, was designed and then used to profile the global gene expression of sheep after feeding a high dietary supplementation of organic Se. Lactating crossbred ewes ( = 10; 3 to 4 yr of age and 55 to 65 kg BW) at late lactation (100 ± 8 d in milk) were acclimated to indoor individual pen feeding of a basal control diet (0.40 mg Se/d, sodium selenite) for 4 wk. Sheep were then kept on a diet with an extra (high) supplementation of organic Se (1.45 mg Se/d as Sel-Plex; Alltech Biotechnology Pty Ltd, Dandenong, Victoria, Australia) for 40 d. Whole blood was collected at 2 time points (last day of the acclimatization period [T0] and after 40 d of the organic Se supplementation [T40]), and then total RNA was isolated and labeled for the subsequent microarray analysis. Significance Analysis of Microarrays, using the -statistic, of the microarray data (T40 versus T0) evidenced the up- and downregulation of 942 and 244 transcripts (false discovery rate < 0.05), respectively. Seven genes showed the same trend of expression (up- or downregulation) when tested by quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) in a cross-validation step. The microarray showed significant upregulation of the following selenoproteins at T40: selenium binding protein 1 (SELENBP1), selenoprotein W1 (SEPW1), glutathione peroxidase 3 (GPX3), and septin 8 (SEPT8). And the expression trends for SEPW1 and SEPT8 were validated using qPCR. Functional annotation of the differentially expressed genes showed the enrichment of several immune system-related biological processes (lymphocyte activation, cytokine binding, leukocyte activation, T cell differentiation, and B cell activation) and pathways (cytokine and interleukin signaling). Moreover, Gene Set Enrichment Analysis evidenced the enrichment of B and T cell receptors signaling pathways, with an enrichment score of 0.63 and 0.59, respectively. Overall, from a global gene expression (whole-transcriptome) point of view, short-term supplementation of a high dietary organic Se to Se-nondeficient sheep results in a transcriptomic signature that mainly reflects an induced immune system and a modulation of transcription effect. Also, the present study provides a custom whole-transcriptome microarray platform that can be used in further global gene expression studies in the ovine species.
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Pizzoni S, Sabattini S, Stefanello D, Dentini A, Ferrari R, Dacasto M, Giantin M, Laganga P, Amati M, Tortorella G, Marconato L. Features and prognostic impact of distant metastases in 45 dogs with de novo stage IV cutaneous mast cell tumours: A prospective study. Vet Comp Oncol 2017; 16:28-36. [DOI: 10.1111/vco.12306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Revised: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Pizzoni
- Centro Oncologico Veterinario; Bologna Italy
| | - S. Sabattini
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences; University of Bologna; Bologna Italy
| | - D. Stefanello
- Department of Veterinary Medicine; University of Milan; Milan Italy
| | | | - R. Ferrari
- Department of Veterinary Medicine; University of Milan; Milan Italy
| | - M. Dacasto
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science; University of Padua; Padua Italy
| | - M. Giantin
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science; University of Padua; Padua Italy
| | - P. Laganga
- Centro Oncologico Veterinario; Bologna Italy
| | - M. Amati
- Ospedale Veterinario Città di Pavia; Pavia Italy
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Elgendy R, Giantin M, Castellani F, Grotta L, Palazzo F, Dacasto M, Martino G. P3001 Transcriptomic signature of high dietary selenium supplementation in sheep:A nutrigenomic insight using a custom microarray platform and gene set enrichment analysis. J Anim Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.2527/jas2016.94supplement451x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Sabattini S, Barzon G, Giantin M, Lopparelli RM, Dacasto M, Prata D, Bettini G. Kit receptor tyrosine kinase dysregulations in feline splenic mast cell tumours. Vet Comp Oncol 2016; 15:1051-1061. [DOI: 10.1111/vco.12246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2016] [Revised: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 05/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Sabattini
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences; Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna; Bologna Italy
| | - G. Barzon
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences; Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna; Bologna Italy
| | - M. Giantin
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science; University of Padua; Padua Italy
| | - R. M. Lopparelli
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science; University of Padua; Padua Italy
| | - M. Dacasto
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science; University of Padua; Padua Italy
| | - D. Prata
- Laboratoire IDEXX; Saint Denis France
| | - G. Bettini
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences; Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna; Bologna Italy
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Giantin M, Baratto C, Marconato L, Vascellari M, Mutinelli F, Dacasto M, Granato A. Transcriptomic analysis identified up-regulation of a solute carrier transporter and UDP glucuronosyltransferases in dogs with aggressive cutaneous mast cell tumours. Vet J 2016; 212:36-43. [PMID: 27256023 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2016.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2015] [Revised: 03/10/2016] [Accepted: 03/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Gene expression analyses have been recently used in cancer research to identify genes associated with tumorigenesis and potential prognostic markers or therapeutic targets. In the present study, the transcriptome of dogs that had died because of mast cell tumours (MCTs) was characterised to identify a fingerprint having significant influence on prognosis determination and treatment selection. A dataset (GSE50433) obtained using a commercial canine DNA microarray platform was used. The transcriptome of seven biopsies obtained from dogs with histologically confirmed, surgically removed MCTs, treated with chemotherapy, and dead for MCT-related causes, was compared with the transcriptional portrait of 40 samples obtained from dogs with histologically confirmed, surgically removed MCTs and that were still alive at the end of the follow-up period. Among the differentially expressed genes (DEGs), eight transcripts were validated by quantitative real time PCR and their mRNA levels were measured in a cohort of 22 additional MCTs. Statistical analysis identified 375 DEGs (fold change 2, false discovery rate 5%). The functional annotation analysis indicated that the DEGs were associated with drug metabolism and cell cycle pathways. Particularly, members of solute carrier transporter (SLC) and UDP glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) gene families were identified as dysregulated. Principal component analysis (PCA) of the 22 additional MCTs identified the separate cluster dogs dead for MCT-related causes. SLCs and UGTs have been recently recognised in human cancer as important key factors in tumour progression and chemo-resistance. An in-depth analysis of their roles in aggressive canine MCT is warranted in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mery Giantin
- Dipartimento di Biomedicina Comparata e Alimentazione, Università degli Studi di Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, I-35020 Agripolis Legnaro (Padova), Italy.
| | - Chiara Baratto
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Viale dell'Università 10, I-35020 Legnaro (Padova), Italy
| | - Laura Marconato
- Centro Oncologico Veterinario, Via San Lorenzo 1/4, I-40037 Sasso Marconi (Bologna), Italy
| | - Marta Vascellari
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Viale dell'Università 10, I-35020 Legnaro (Padova), Italy
| | - Franco Mutinelli
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Viale dell'Università 10, I-35020 Legnaro (Padova), Italy
| | - Mauro Dacasto
- Dipartimento di Biomedicina Comparata e Alimentazione, Università degli Studi di Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, I-35020 Agripolis Legnaro (Padova), Italy
| | - Anna Granato
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Viale dell'Università 10, I-35020 Legnaro (Padova), Italy
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Benali SL, Lees GE, Nabity MB, Aricò A, Drigo M, Gallo E, Giantin M, Aresu L. X-Linked Hereditary Nephropathy in Navasota Dogs: Clinical Pathology, Morphology, and Gene Expression During Disease Progression. Vet Pathol 2016; 53:803-12. [PMID: 26917550 DOI: 10.1177/0300985815624494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
X-linked hereditary nephropathy (XLHN) in Navasota dogs is a spontaneously occurring disease caused by a mutation resulting in defective production of type IV collagen and juvenile-onset renal failure. The study was aimed at examining the evolution of renal damage and the expression of selected molecules potentially involved in the pathogenesis of XLHN. Clinical data and renal samples were obtained in 10 XLHN male dogs and 5 controls at 4 (T0), 6 (T1), and 9 (T2) months of age. Glomerular and tubulointerstitial lesions were scored by light microscopy, and the expression of 21 molecules was investigated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction with selected proteins evaluated by immunohistochemistry. No significant histologic lesions or clinicopathologic abnormalities were identified in controls at any time-point. XLHN dogs had progressive proteinuria starting at T0. At T1, XLHN dogs had a mesangioproliferative glomerulopathy with glomerular loss, tubular necrosis, and interstitial fibrosis. At T2, glomerular and tubulointerstitial lesions were more severe, particularly glomerular loss, interstitial fibrosis, and inflammation. At T0, transforming growth factor β, connective tissue growth factor, and platelet-derived growth factor α mRNA were overexpressed in XLHN dogs compared with controls. Clusterin and TIMP1 transcripts were upregulated in later stages of the disease. Transforming growth factor β, connective tissue growth factor, and platelet-derived growth factor α should be considered as key players in the initial events of XHLN. Clusterin and TIMP1 appear to be more associated with the progression rather than initiation of tubulointerstitial damage in chronic renal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- S L Benali
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Viale dell'Università, Legnaro, Italy
| | - G E Lees
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - M B Nabity
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - A Aricò
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Viale dell'Università, Legnaro, Italy
| | - M Drigo
- Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, University of Padua, Viale dell'Università, Legnaro, Italy
| | - E Gallo
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Viale dell'Università, Legnaro, Italy
| | - M Giantin
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Viale dell'Università, Legnaro, Italy
| | - L Aresu
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Viale dell'Università, Legnaro, Italy
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Elgendy R, Giantin M, Montesissa C, Dacasto M. The transcriptome of muscle and liver is responding differently to a combined trenbolone acetate and estradiol implant in cattle. Steroids 2016; 106:1-8. [PMID: 26581765 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2015.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Revised: 09/10/2015] [Accepted: 11/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the transcriptomic signature of some anabolic steroids in cattle. Our main objective was to evaluate the effect of a combined trenbolone acetate (TBA, 200mg) and estradiol-17β (E2, 40 mg) implant (Revalor-XS®, REV) on the transcriptome of muscle (target tissue for anabolic steroids) and liver (main biotransformation site). Transcriptomic profiling was performed on 60 samples (30 per tissue) representing 2 groups of animals: REV (sustained release implant for 71 days, n=15), and a control group (CTR, n=15). The analyses (REV vs. CTR) evidenced the differential expression of 431 (down-regulated) and 503 transcripts (268 up-regulated and 235 down-regulated) in muscle and liver tissues, respectively. Functional annotation showed the enrichment of several ion transport systems (cation, metal ion and potassium ion transport) in muscle, while revealing the enrichment of carbohydrate, protein and glycoprotein metabolism and biosynthesis mechanisms in the liver. Both tissues had 20 genes commonly expressed in-between. Seven randomly-selected genes showed positive correlation with their corresponding microarray data upon a qPCR cross-validation step. In muscle, but not the liver, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) on the microarray data resulted in the separation of treated animals from the untreated ones (first 2 components=97.87%.). Overall, the identification of different genes, pathways and biological processes has illustrated the distinctive transcriptomic profile of muscle and liver in response to anabolic steroids. Moreover, it is becoming more clear that anabolic steroids are working through a complex interaction of numerous pathways and processes incorporating different tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramy Elgendy
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Viale dell'Università 16, I-35020 Legnaro (Padua), Italy.
| | - Mery Giantin
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Viale dell'Università 16, I-35020 Legnaro (Padua), Italy.
| | - Clara Montesissa
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Viale dell'Università 16, I-35020 Legnaro (Padua), Italy.
| | - Mauro Dacasto
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Viale dell'Università 16, I-35020 Legnaro (Padua), Italy.
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Zorzan E, Hanssens K, Giantin M, Dacasto M, Dubreuil P. Mutational Hotspot of TET2, IDH1, IDH2, SRSF2, SF3B1, KRAS, and NRAS from Human Systemic Mastocytosis Are Not Conserved in Canine Mast Cell Tumors. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0142450. [PMID: 26562302 PMCID: PMC4643045 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0142450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2015] [Accepted: 10/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Both canine cutaneous mast cell tumor (MCT) and human systemic mastocytosis (SM) are characterized by abnormal proliferation and accumulation of mast cells in tissues and, frequently, by the presence of activating mutations in the receptor tyrosine kinase V-Kit Hardy-Zuckerman 4 Feline Sarcoma Viral Oncogene Homolog (c-KIT), albeit at different incidence (>80% in SM and 10–30% in MCT). In the last few years, it has been discovered that additional mutations in other genes belonging to the methylation system, the splicing machinery and cell signaling, contribute, with c-KIT, to SM pathogenesis and/or phenotype. In the present study, the mutational profile of the Tet methylcytosine dioxygenase 2 (TET2), the isocitrate dehydrogenases 1 and 2 (IDH1 and IDH2), the serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 2 (SRSF2), the splicing factor 3b subunit 1 (SF3B1), the Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (KRAS) and the neuroblastoma RAS viral oncogene homolog (NRAS), commonly mutated in human myeloid malignancies and mastocytosis, was investigated in canine MCTs. Methods Using the Sanger sequencing method, a cohort of 75 DNA samples extracted from MCT biopsies already investigated for c-KIT mutations were screened for the “human-like” hot spot mutations of listed genes. Results No mutations were ever identified except for TET2 even if with low frequency (2.7%). In contrast to what is observed in human TET2 no frame-shift mutations were found in MCT samples. Conclusion Results obtained in this preliminary study are suggestive of a substantial difference between human SM and canine MCT if we consider some target genes known to be involved in the pathogenesis of human SM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Zorzan
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Legnaro, Padua, Italy
| | - Katia Hanssens
- Inserm U1068, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Signalisation, Hematopoiesis and Mechanisms of Oncogenesis, Centre de référence des mastocytoses, Institut Paoli Calmettes, CNRS, Aix Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Mery Giantin
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Legnaro, Padua, Italy
| | - Mauro Dacasto
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Legnaro, Padua, Italy
| | - Patrice Dubreuil
- Inserm U1068, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Signalisation, Hematopoiesis and Mechanisms of Oncogenesis, Centre de référence des mastocytoses, Institut Paoli Calmettes, CNRS, Aix Marseille Université, Marseille, France
- * E-mail:
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Elgendy R, Giantin M, Montesissa C, Dacasto M. Transcriptomic analysis of skeletal muscle from beef cattle exposed to illicit schedules containing dexamethasone: identification of new candidate biomarkers and their validation using samples from a field monitoring trial. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2015; 32:1448-63. [DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2015.1070307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Küblbeck J, Zancanella V, Prantner V, Molnár F, Squires EJ, Dacasto M, Honkakoski P, Giantin M. Characterization of ligand-dependent activation of bovine and pig constitutive androstane (CAR) and pregnane X receptors (PXR) with interspecies comparisons. Xenobiotica 2015; 46:200-10. [DOI: 10.3109/00498254.2015.1060374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Sabattini S, Giantin M, Barbanera A, Zorro Shahidian L, Dacasto M, Zancanella V, Prata D, Trivigno E, Bettini G. Feline intestinal mast cell tumours: clinicopathological characterisation and KIT mutation analysis. J Feline Med Surg 2015; 18:280-9. [PMID: 25916685 DOI: 10.1177/1098612x15581205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Feline intestinal mast cell tumours (FIMCTs) are rare and reportedly characterised by poor differentiation, aggressive biological behaviour and lack of reliable therapeutic aids. KIT proto-oncogene-activating mutations have never been investigated in these tumours. This study describes the main clinicopathological and microscopic features observed in 17 FIMCTs. METHODS Tumour degree of differentiation, proliferative activity, Kit protein expression and KIT mutations were evaluated and correlated with survival to assess their prognostic relevance. RESULTS Ten tumours were located in the small intestine, two in the ileocaecocolic junction, and five in the large intestine. Survival times ranged from 3-538 days. Fifteen tumours were evaluated histologically, and there were six well-differentiated, six moderately differentiated and three poorly differentiated FIMCTs. The last showed a medium-to-large deposition of collagen tissue (P <0.001), and significantly higher mitotic and Ki67 indexes compared with more differentiated tumours (P = 0.011). On survival analysis, tumour degree of differentiation (P <0.001) and a mitotic index >2 (P = 0.022) were significantly associated with decreased survival times. Twelve cases showed Kit protein immunoexpression. The Kit pattern was membranous in five cases (33.3%), focal paranuclear in five (33.3%) and diffuse cytoplasmic in two (13.3%). Cytoplasmic Kit patterns were associated with a lesser differentiation (P = 0.015). Mutation analysis was successfully performed on 12 primary tumours and four lymph node metastases; however, no encoding mutation was detected. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Contrary to reports in the literature, FIMCTs seem to have an extremely variable biological behaviour. We propose a classification based on tumour degree of differentiation and proliferative activity. These findings need to be confirmed in larger series, and exploration of further genomic regions of KIT is warranted to clarify its role in the development and progression of these neoplasms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Sabattini
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Mery Giantin
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Adele Barbanera
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Lara Zorro Shahidian
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Mauro Dacasto
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Vanessa Zancanella
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | | | | | - Giuliano Bettini
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Zancanella V, Giantin M, Dacasto M. Absolute quantification and modulation of cytochrome P450 3A isoforms in cattle liver. Vet J 2014; 202:106-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2014.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2014] [Revised: 07/29/2014] [Accepted: 07/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Aresu L, Aricò A, Ferraresso S, Martini V, Comazzi S, Riondato F, Giantin M, Dacasto M, Guadagnin E, Frayssinet P, Rouquet N, Drigo M, Marconato L. Minimal residual disease detection by flow cytometry and PARR in lymph node, peripheral blood and bone marrow, following treatment of dogs with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Vet J 2014; 200:318-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2014.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2013] [Revised: 02/10/2014] [Accepted: 03/01/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Giantin M, Granato A, Baratto C, Marconato L, Vascellari M, Morello EM, Vercelli A, Mutinelli F, Dacasto M. Global gene expression analysis of canine cutaneous mast cell tumor: could molecular profiling be useful for subtype classification and prognostication? PLoS One 2014; 9:e95481. [PMID: 24748173 PMCID: PMC3991658 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0095481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2013] [Accepted: 03/27/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Prognosis and therapeutic management of dogs with cutaneous mast cell tumors (MCTs) depend on clinical stage and histological grade. However, the prognostic value of this latter is still questionable. In the present study, MCT transcriptome was analyzed to identify a set of candidate genes potentially useful for predicting the biological behavior of MCTs. Fifty-one canine MCT biopsies were analyzed. Isolated and purified total RNAs were individually hybridized to the Agilent Canine V2 4x44k DNA microarray. The comparison of reference differentiated and undifferentiated MCT transcriptome revealed a total of 597 differentially expressed genes (147 down-regulated and 450 up-regulated). The functional analysis of this set of genes provided evidence that they were mainly involved in cell cycle, DNA replication, p53 signaling pathway, nucleotide excision repair and pyrimidine metabolism. Class prediction analysis identified 13 transcripts providing the greatest accuracy of class prediction and divided samples into two categories (differentiated and undifferentiated), harboring a different prognosis. The Principal Component Analysis of all samples, made by using the selected 13 markers, confirmed MCT classification. The first three components accounted for 99.924% of the total variance. This molecular classification significantly correlated with survival time (p = 0.0026). Furthermore, among all marker genes, a significant association was found between mRNA expression and MCT-related mortality for FOXM1, GSN, FEN1 and KPNA2 (p<0.05). Finally, marker genes mRNA expression was evaluated in a cohort of 22 independent samples. Data obtained enabled to identify MCT cases with different prognosis. Overall, the molecular characterization of canine MCT transcriptome allowed the identification of a set of 13 transcripts that clearly separated differentiated from undifferentiated MCTs, thus predicting outcome regardless of the histological grade. These results may have clinical relevance and warrant future validation in a prospective study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mery Giantin
- Dipartimento di Biomedicina Comparata e Alimentazione, Università di Padova, Legnaro (Padova), Italy
- * E-mail:
| | - Anna Granato
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro (Padova), Italy
| | - Chiara Baratto
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro (Padova), Italy
| | - Laura Marconato
- Centro Oncologico Veterinario, Sasso Marconi, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marta Vascellari
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro (Padova), Italy
| | - Emanuela M. Morello
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Università di Torino, Grugliasco (Torino), Italy
| | | | - Franco Mutinelli
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro (Padova), Italy
| | - Mauro Dacasto
- Dipartimento di Biomedicina Comparata e Alimentazione, Università di Padova, Legnaro (Padova), Italy
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Gelain ME, Martini V, Giantin M, Aricò A, Poggi A, Aresu L, Riondato F, Dacasto M, Comazzi S. CD44 in canine leukemia: analysis of mRNA and protein expression in peripheral blood. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2014; 159:91-6. [PMID: 24629892 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2014.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2013] [Revised: 02/17/2014] [Accepted: 02/19/2014] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Hyaluronan receptor CD44 mediates interaction between cells and extracellular matrix. The expression of standard form and its variants is dysregulated in human leukemias and is associated with metastasis and prognosis. The aim of this work is the evaluation of CD44 mRNA and protein expression in canine leukemia. Peripheral blood from 20 acute leukemias (AL) (10 acute lymphoblastic, 6 acute myeloid and 4 acute undifferentiated leukemias), 21 chronic lymphocytic leukemias (CLL) and thirteen healthy dogs were collected. The mRNA expression of all CD44 variants presenting exons 1-5 and/or 16-20 (CD44_ex1-5 and CD44_ex16-20) and CD44 protein were determined by real-time RT-PCR and flow cytometry, using the mean fluorescent index (MFI), respectively. CD44 MFI was significantly higher in leukemic samples compared to controls and a higher expression was found in AL in respect with CLL. No significant differences were found when considering different phenotypic subtypes of AL and CLL. CD44_ex1-5 mRNA expression was significantly higher in AL compared to controls, whereas there was no difference in CLL compared to controls and AL. CD44_es16-20 showed the same trend, but without differences among groups. The high CD44 expression found in canine leukemias could be considered a step toward the definition of their molecular features.
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Affiliation(s)
- M E Gelain
- Dipartimento di Biomedicina Comparata e Alimentazione, Università degli Studi di Padova, viale Università 16, 35020 Agripolis-Legnaro, PD, Italy.
| | - V Martini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie e Sanità Pubblica, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 10, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - M Giantin
- Dipartimento di Biomedicina Comparata e Alimentazione, Università degli Studi di Padova, viale Università 16, 35020 Agripolis-Legnaro, PD, Italy
| | - A Aricò
- Dipartimento di Biomedicina Comparata e Alimentazione, Università degli Studi di Padova, viale Università 16, 35020 Agripolis-Legnaro, PD, Italy
| | - A Poggi
- Dipartimento di Scienze veterinarie, Università degli Studi di Torino, via Leonardo da Vinci 44, 10095 Grugliasco, TO, Italy
| | - L Aresu
- Dipartimento di Biomedicina Comparata e Alimentazione, Università degli Studi di Padova, viale Università 16, 35020 Agripolis-Legnaro, PD, Italy
| | - F Riondato
- Dipartimento di Scienze veterinarie, Università degli Studi di Torino, via Leonardo da Vinci 44, 10095 Grugliasco, TO, Italy
| | - M Dacasto
- Dipartimento di Biomedicina Comparata e Alimentazione, Università degli Studi di Padova, viale Università 16, 35020 Agripolis-Legnaro, PD, Italy
| | - S Comazzi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie e Sanità Pubblica, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 10, 20133 Milano, Italy
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Bocchini N, Giantin M, Crivellente F, Ferraresso S, Faustinelli I, Dacasto M, Cristofori P. Molecular biomarkers of phospholipidosis in rat blood and heart after amiodarone treatment. J Appl Toxicol 2014; 35:90-103. [DOI: 10.1002/jat.2992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Bocchini
- Dipartimento di Biomedicina Comparata e Alimentazione; Università di Padova; viale dell'Università 16 I-35020 Legnaro (Padova) Italy
- Scuola di Dottorato in Scienze Veterinarie, indirizzo di Sanità pubblica e Patologia comparata; viale dell'Università 16 I-35020 Legnaro (Padova) Italy
| | - Mery Giantin
- Dipartimento di Biomedicina Comparata e Alimentazione; Università di Padova; viale dell'Università 16 I-35020 Legnaro (Padova) Italy
| | | | - Serena Ferraresso
- Dipartimento di Biomedicina Comparata e Alimentazione; Università di Padova; viale dell'Università 16 I-35020 Legnaro (Padova) Italy
| | - Ivo Faustinelli
- Preclinical Technologies; Aptuit, via Fleming 4 37135 Verona Italy
| | - Mauro Dacasto
- Dipartimento di Biomedicina Comparata e Alimentazione; Università di Padova; viale dell'Università 16 I-35020 Legnaro (Padova) Italy
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Granato A, Giantin M, Ariani P, Carminato A, Baratto C, Zorzan E, Vascellari M, Bozzato E, Dacasto M, Mutinelli F. DNA and RNA isolation from canine oncologic formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues for downstream "-omic" analyses: possible or not? J Vet Diagn Invest 2014; 26:117-24. [PMID: 24398906 DOI: 10.1177/1040638713509378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues represent a unique source of archived biological material, but obtaining suitable DNA and RNA for retrospective "-omic" investigations is still challenging. In the current study, canine tumor FFPE blocks were used to 1) compare common commercial DNA and RNA extraction kits; 2) compare target gene expression measured in FFPE blocks and biopsies stored in a commercial storage reagent; 3) assess the impact of fixation time; and 4) perform biomolecular investigations on archival samples chosen according to formalin fixation times. Nucleic acids yield and quality were determined by spectrophotometer and capillary electrophoresis, respectively. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction assays for the following genes: BCL-2-associated X protein, B-cell lymphoma extra large, antigen identified by monoclonal antibody Ki-67, proto-oncogene c-KIT (c-kit). Two internal control genes (Golgin A1 and canine transmembrane BAX inhibitor motif containing 4), together with direct sequencing of c-kit exons 8, 9, 11, and 17, were used as end points. Differences in DNA/RNA yield and purity were noticed among the commercial kits. Nucleic acids (particularly RNA) extracted from paraffin blocks were degraded, even at lower fixation times. Compared to samples held in the commercial storage reagent, archived tissues showed a poorer amplification. Therefore, a gold standard protocol for DNA/RNA isolation from canine tumor FFPE blocks for molecular investigations is still troublesome. More standardized storage conditions, including time between sample acquisition and fixation, fixation time, and sample thickness, are needed to guarantee the preservation of nucleic acids and, then, their possible use in retrospective transcriptomic analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Granato
- 1Anna Granato, Veterinary and Public Health Institute, viale Università 10, 35020 Legnaro, Padua, Italy.
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Marconato L, Zorzan E, Giantin M, Di Palma S, Cancedda S, Dacasto M. Concordance of c-kit mutational status in matched primary and metastatic cutaneous canine mast cell tumors at baseline. J Vet Intern Med 2013; 28:547-53. [PMID: 24372836 PMCID: PMC4858004 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.12266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2013] [Revised: 09/19/2013] [Accepted: 11/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mutation analysis of proto‐oncogene c‐kit (c‐kit) is advisable before starting treatment with tyrosine kinase inhibitors in dogs with mast cell tumor (MCT), including those with metastatic disease. Testing is usually performed on primary tumors, assuming that c‐kit mutation status does not change in metastasis. Hypothesis/Objectives To give an insight into the mutational processes and to make a recommendation on the use of c‐kit mutational analysis in the clinical setting. Animals Twenty‐one client‐owned dogs with metastatic MCT. Methods Dogs undergoing resection or biopsy for both primary and matched metastatic MCT were prospectively enrolled. Total RNA or DNA was extracted from primary MCT and corresponding metastases. Exons 8, 9, and 11 were amplified by PCR and sequenced. Genetic features between primary MCT and metastases were compared. Their correlation with clinicopathologic features was investigated. Results Concordance (mutated or wild‐type) of mutational status, evaluable in 21 primary and matched metastatic (20 nodal and 1 splenic) MCTs, was 100%. Three new c‐kit mutations were identified. No significant correlation was detected between c‐kit mutation and clinicopathologic features. Conclusions and Clinical Importance Proto‐oncogene c‐kit mutational status is conserved between any primary and its matched secondary tumor, suggesting that both can be used for c‐kit mutational testing. Targeted therapies might be also used to treat metastatic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Marconato
- Centro Oncologico Veterinario, Sasso Marconi, Bologna, Italy
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44
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Giantin M, Aresu L, Aricò A, Gelain ME, Riondato F, Comazzi S, Dacasto M. Evaluation of tyrosine-kinase receptor c-kit mutations, mRNA and protein expression in canine lymphoma: might c-kit represent a therapeutic target? Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2013; 154:153-9. [PMID: 23791075 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2013.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2013] [Revised: 04/15/2013] [Accepted: 05/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
c-kit plays an important role in proliferation, survival and differentiation of hematopoietic progenitor cells. In human hematopoietic malignancies, c-kit is mostly expressed by progenitor cell neoplasms and seldom by mature cell neoplasms. Aim of this study was to evaluate c-kit expression in canine lymphoma. Twenty-five B-cell lymphomas and 21 T-cell lymphomas were enrolled in the study. c-kit mRNA and protein expression was measured in lymph node fine needle aspirates by quantitative real-time RT-PCR, flow cytometry and immunocytochemistry, while the occurrence of KIT mutations on exons 8-11 and 17 was investigated by direct cDNA sequencing. KIT mRNA was amplifiable but below the limit of quantification in 76% of B-cell lymphomas and 33% of T-cell lymphomas. Remaining samples showed a very low expression of KIT, except for some high grade (HG) T-cell lymphomas where a comparatively higher mRNA amount was observed. Transcriptional data were confirmed at the protein level. No gain-of-function mutations were observed. Among canine lymphomas, T-cell lymphoma typically shows an aggressive biological behavior, partly being attributable to the lack of efficacious treatment options, and the evidence of c-kit expression in HG T-cell lymphomas might represent the rationale for its routinely diagnostic evaluation and the use of tyrosine kinase inhibitors in future clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Giantin
- Dipartimento di Biomedicina Comparata e Alimentazione, Università degli Studi di Padova, viale Università 16, 35020 Agripolis-Legnaro Padova, Italy.
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45
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Aricò A, Giantin M, Gelain ME, Riondato F, Comazzi S, Rütgen BC, Essler SE, Dacasto M, Castagnaro M, Aresu L. The role of vascular endothelial growth factor and matrix metalloproteinases in canine lymphoma: in vivo and in vitro study. BMC Vet Res 2013; 9:94. [PMID: 23641796 PMCID: PMC3659052 DOI: 10.1186/1746-6148-9-94] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2012] [Accepted: 05/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Canine lymphoma represents the most frequent haematopoietic cancer and it shares some similarities with human non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) play a coordinated role during invasion and proliferation of malignant cells; however, little is known about their role in canine haematologic malignancies. The aim of this study was to investigate the mRNA and protein expression of VEGF and the most relevant MMPs in canine lymphoma. Lymph node aspirates from 26 B-cell and 21 T-cell lymphomas were collected. The protein expression levels of MMP-9, MMP-2 and VEGF-A were evaluated by immunocytochemistry, and the mRNA levels of MMP-2, MMP-9, MT1-MMP, TIMP-1, TIMP-2, RECK, VEGF-A and VEGF-164 were measured using quantitative RT-PCR. RESULTS MT1-MMP, TIMP-1 and RECK mRNA levels were significantly higher in T-cell lymphomas than in B-cell lymphomas. Higher mRNA and protein levels of MMP-9 and VEGF-A were observed in T-cell lymphomas than in B-cell lymphomas and healthy control lymph nodes. A positive correlation was found between MMP-9 and VEGF-A in T-cell lymphomas. Moreover, MMP-9, MT1-MMP, TIMP-1 and VEGF-A were expressed at the highest levels in high-grade T-cell lymphomas. CONCLUSIONS This study provides new information on the expression of different MMPs and VEGF in canine lymphoma, suggesting a possible correlation between different MMPs and VEGF, immunophenotype and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Aricò
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, Agripolis Legnaro, PD, Italy
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Aricò A, Giantin M, Gelain M, Riondato F, Mortarino M, Comazzi S, Dacasto M, Castagnaro M, Aresu L. Matrix metalloproteinases and vascular endothelial growth factor expression in canine leukaemias. Vet J 2013; 196:260-2. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2012.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2012] [Revised: 09/14/2012] [Accepted: 10/01/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Giantin M, Aresu L, Aricò A, Gelain ME, Riondato F, Martini V, Comazzi S, Dacasto M. Evaluation of tyrosine-kinase receptor c-KIT (c-KIT) mutations, mRNA and protein expression in canine leukemia: might c-KIT represent a therapeutic target? Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2013; 152:325-32. [PMID: 23375718 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2013.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2012] [Revised: 12/28/2012] [Accepted: 01/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The tyrosine-kinase receptor c-KIT (c-KIT) plays an important role in proliferation, survival and differentiation of progenitor cells in normal hematopoietic cells. In human hematological malignancies, c-KIT is mostly expressed by progenitor cell neoplasia and seldom by those involving mature cells. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are actually licensed for the first- and second-line treatment of human hematologic disorders. Aim of the present study was to evaluate c-KIT mRNA and protein expression and complementary DNA (cDNA) mutations in canine leukemia. Eleven acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and acute undifferentiated leukemia (AUL) and 12 chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) were enrolled in this study. The amounts of c-KIT mRNA and protein were determined, in peripheral blood samples, by using quantitative real time RT-PCR, flow cytometry and immunocytochemistry, respectively. The presence of mutations on c-KIT exons 8-11 and 17 were investigated by cDNA sequencing. Higher amounts of c-KIT mRNA were found in ALL/AUL compared to CLL, and this latter showed a lower pattern of gene expression. Transcriptional data were confirmed at the protein level. No significant gain-of-function mutations were ever observed in both ALL/AUL and CLL. Among canine hematological malignancies, ALL/AUL typically show a very aggressive biological behavior, partly being attributable to the lack of efficacious therapeutic options. The high level of c-KIT expression found in canine ALL/AUL might represent the rationale for using TKIs in future clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Giantin
- Dipartimento di Biomedicina Comparata e Alimentazione, Università di Padova, viale Università 16, Agripolis-Legnaro, Padua, Italy.
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Giantin M, Aresu L, Benali S, Aricò A, Morello E, Martano M, Vascellari M, Castagnaro M, Lopparelli R, Zancanella V, Granato A, Mutinelli F, Dacasto M. Expression of Matrix Metalloproteinases, Tissue Inhibitors of Metalloproteinases and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in Canine Mast Cell Tumours. J Comp Pathol 2012; 147:419-29. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2012.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2011] [Revised: 12/20/2011] [Accepted: 01/12/2012] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Bonfatti V, Giantin M, Gervaso M, Coletta A, Dacasto M, Carnier P. Effect of CSN1S1-CSN3 (α(S1)-κ-casein) composite genotype on milk production traits and milk coagulation properties in Mediterranean water buffalo. J Dairy Sci 2012; 95:3435-43. [PMID: 22612978 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2011-4901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2011] [Accepted: 02/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to estimate effects of CSN1S1-CSN3 (α(S1)-κ-casein) composite genotypes on milk production traits and milk coagulation properties (MCP) in Mediterranean water buffalo. Genotypes at CSN1S1 and CSN3 and coagulation properties [rennet clotting time (RCT), curd firming time (K₂₀), and curd firmness (A₃₀)] were assessed by reversed-phase HPLC and computerized renneting meter analysis, respectively, using single test-day milk samples of 536 animals. Alternative protein variants of α(S1)-CN and κ-CN were detected by HPLC, and identification of the corresponding genetic variants was carried out by DNA analysis. Two genetic variants were detected at CSN1S1 (A and B variants) and 2 at CSN3 (X1 and X2 variants). Statistical inference was based on a linear model including the CSN1S1-CSN3 composite genotype effect (7 genotypes), the effects of herd-test-day (8 levels), and a combined days in milk (DIM)-parity class. Composite genotype AB-X2X2 was associated with decreased test-day milk yield [-0.21 standard deviation (SD) units of the trait] relative to genotype BB-X2X2. Genotypes did not affect milk protein content, but genotype AB-X1X1 was associated with increased fat content compared with genotype BB-X2X2 (+0.28 SD units of the trait) and AB-X1X1 (+0.43 SD units of the trait). For RCT, the largest difference (+1.91 min; i.e., 0.61 SD units of the trait) was observed between genotype AA-X1X2 and AB-X1X1. Direction of genotype effects on K(20) was consistent with that for RCT. The maximum variation in K₂₀ due to genotype effects (between AA-X1X2 and AB-X1X1 genotypes) was almost 0.9 SD units of the trait. Magnitude of genotype effects was smaller for A₃₀ than for RCT and K₂₀, with a maximum difference of 0.5 SD units of the trait between genotype AA-X1X2 and AA-X1X1. The B allele at CSN1S1 was associated with increased RCT and K₂₀ and with weaker curds compared with allele A. Allele X2 at CSN3 exerted opposite effects on MCP relative to CSN1S1 B. Because of linkage disequilibrium, allele B at CSN1S1 and allele X2 at CSN3 tend to be associated and this likely makes their effects cancel each other. This study indicates a role for casein genes in variation of MCP of buffalo milk. Further studies are necessary to estimate the effects of casein genetic variants on variation of cheese yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Bonfatti
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, Padova, Italy
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Bonfatti V, Giantin M, Gervaso M, Rostellato R, Coletta A, Dacasto M, Carnier P. Short communication: CSN1S1-CSN3 (α(S1)-κ-casein) composite genotypes affect detailed milk protein composition of Mediterranean water buffalo. J Dairy Sci 2012; 95:6801-5. [PMID: 22959943 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2012-5601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2012] [Accepted: 06/15/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of composite CSN1S1-CSN3 [α(S1)-κ-casein (CN)] genotype on milk protein composition in Mediterranean water buffalo. Content of α(S1)-CN, α(S2)-CN, β-CN, γ-CN, κ-CN, glycosylated and unglycosylated κ-CN, α-lactalbumin, and β-lactoglobulin was measured by reversed-phase HPLC using 621 individual milk samples. Genotypes at CSN1S1 and CSN3 were also obtained by reversed-phase HPLC. Two alleles were detected at CSN1S1 (corresponding to the A and B variants, O62823: p.Leu193Ser,) and at CSN3 (corresponding to the X1 and X2 variants, CAP12622.1: p.Ile156Thr). Increased proportions of α(S1)-CN in total casein (TCN) were associated with genotypes carrying CSN1S1 A. Genotypes associated with a marked decrease of the proportion of α(S1)-CN in TCN (composite genotypes AB-X1X1 and BB-X1X2) were associated with marked increases in the proportion of α(S2)-CN. In addition, composite genotypes carrying the X1 allele at CSN3 were associated with a greater proportion of α(S2)-CN in TCN relative to those carrying CSN3 X2. Composite genotypes greatly affected also the variability of ratios of κ-CN to TCN, with genotypes carrying the X1 allele at CSN3 being associated with decreased ratios. The decreased content of glycosylated κ-CN associated with CSN3 X1 was responsible for the overall lower content of total κ-CN in milk of X1-carrying animals. Increasing the frequency of specific genotypes might be an effective way to alter milk protein composition, namely the proportion of α(S1)-CN, α(S2)-CN, and κ-CN in TCN, and the degree of glycosylation of κ-CN.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Bonfatti
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro Padova, Italy.
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