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Fanari O, Tavakoli S, Akeson S, Makhamreh A, Nian K, McCormick CA, Qiu Y, Bloch D, Jain M, Wanunu M, Rouhanifard SH. Probing enzyme-dependent pseudouridylation using direct RNA sequencing to assess neuronal epitranscriptome plasticity. bioRxiv 2024:2024.03.26.586895. [PMID: 38585714 PMCID: PMC10996719 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.26.586895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Chemical modifications in mRNAs such as pseudouridine (psi) can regulate gene expression, although our understanding of the functional impact of individual psi modifications, especially in neuronal cells, is limited. We apply nanopore direct RNA sequencing to investigate psi dynamics under cellular perturbations in SH-SY5Y cells. We assign sites to psi synthases using siRNA-based knockdown. A steady-state enzyme-substrate model reveals a strong correlation between psi synthase and mRNA substrate levels and psi modification frequencies. Next, we performed either differentiation or lead-exposure to SH-SY5Y cells and found that, upon lead exposure, not differentiation, the modification frequency is less dependent on enzyme levels suggesting translational control. Finally, we compared the plasticity of psi sites across cellular states and found that plastic sites can be condition-dependent or condition-independent; several of these sites fall within transcripts encoding proteins involved in neuronal processes. Our psi analysis and validation enable investigations into the dynamics and plasticity of RNA modifications.
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Hickey G, Monlong J, Ebler J, Novak AM, Eizenga JM, Gao Y, Marschall T, Li H, Paten B, Abel HJ, Antonacci-Fulton LL, Asri M, Baid G, Baker CA, Belyaeva A, Billis K, Bourque G, Buonaiuto S, Carroll A, Chaisson MJP, Chang PC, Chang XH, Cheng H, Chu J, Cody S, Colonna V, Cook DE, Cook-Deegan RM, Cornejo OE, Diekhans M, Doerr D, Ebert P, Ebler J, Eichler EE, Eizenga JM, Fairley S, Fedrigo O, Felsenfeld AL, Feng X, Fischer C, Flicek P, Formenti G, Frankish A, Fulton RS, Gao Y, Garg S, Garrison E, Garrison NA, Giron CG, Green RE, Groza C, Guarracino A, Haggerty L, Hall IM, Harvey WT, Haukness M, Haussler D, Heumos S, Hickey G, Hoekzema K, Hourlier T, Howe K, Jain M, Jarvis ED, Ji HP, Kenny EE, Koenig BA, Kolesnikov A, Korbel JO, Kordosky J, Koren S, Lee H, Lewis AP, Li H, Liao WW, Lu S, Lu TY, Lucas JK, Magalhães H, Marco-Sola S, Marijon P, Markello C, Marschall T, Martin FJ, McCartney A, McDaniel J, Miga KH, Mitchell MW, Monlong J, Mountcastle J, Munson KM, Mwaniki MN, Nattestad M, Novak AM, Nurk S, Olsen HE, Olson ND, Paten B, Pesout T, Phillippy AM, Popejoy AB, Porubsky D, Prins P, Puiu D, Rautiainen M, Regier AA, Rhie A, Sacco S, Sanders AD, Schneider VA, Schultz BI, Shafin K, Sibbesen JA, Sirén J, Smith MW, Sofia HJ, Tayoun ANA, Thibaud-Nissen F, Tomlinson C, Tricomi FF, Villani F, Vollger MR, Wagner J, Walenz B, Wang T, Wood JMD, Zimin AV, Zook JM. Pangenome graph construction from genome alignments with Minigraph-Cactus. Nat Biotechnol 2024; 42:663-673. [PMID: 37165083 PMCID: PMC10638906 DOI: 10.1038/s41587-023-01793-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Pangenome references address biases of reference genomes by storing a representative set of diverse haplotypes and their alignment, usually as a graph. Alternate alleles determined by variant callers can be used to construct pangenome graphs, but advances in long-read sequencing are leading to widely available, high-quality phased assemblies. Constructing a pangenome graph directly from assemblies, as opposed to variant calls, leverages the graph's ability to represent variation at different scales. Here we present the Minigraph-Cactus pangenome pipeline, which creates pangenomes directly from whole-genome alignments, and demonstrate its ability to scale to 90 human haplotypes from the Human Pangenome Reference Consortium. The method builds graphs containing all forms of genetic variation while allowing use of current mapping and genotyping tools. We measure the effect of the quality and completeness of reference genomes used for analysis within the pangenomes and show that using the CHM13 reference from the Telomere-to-Telomere Consortium improves the accuracy of our methods. We also demonstrate construction of a Drosophila melanogaster pangenome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glenn Hickey
- UC Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
- These authors contributed equally: Glenn Hickey, Jean Monlong
| | - Jean Monlong
- UC Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
- These authors contributed equally: Glenn Hickey, Jean Monlong
| | - Jana Ebler
- Institute for Medical Biometry and Bioinformatics, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Center for Digital Medicine, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Adam M. Novak
- UC Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Jordan M. Eizenga
- UC Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Yan Gao
- Center for Computational and Genomic Medicine, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Tobias Marschall
- Institute for Medical Biometry and Bioinformatics, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Center for Digital Medicine, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Heng Li
- Department of Data Sciences, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Benedict Paten
- UC Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | | | - Haley J. Abel
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | | | - Mobin Asri
- UC Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | | | - Carl A. Baker
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Konstantinos Billis
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Guillaume Bourque
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Canadian Center for Computational Genomics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Institute for the Advanced Study of Human Biology (WPI-ASHBi), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Silvia Buonaiuto
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Mark J. P. Chaisson
- Department of Quantitative and Computational Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Xian H. Chang
- UC Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Haoyu Cheng
- Department of Data Sciences, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Justin Chu
- Department of Data Sciences, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sarah Cody
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Vincenza Colonna
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | | | - Robert M. Cook-Deegan
- Arizona State University, Barrett and O’Connor Washington Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Omar E. Cornejo
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Mark Diekhans
- UC Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Daniel Doerr
- Center for Digital Medicine, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Institute for Medical Biometry and Bioinformatics, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Peter Ebert
- Center for Digital Medicine, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Institute for Medical Biometry and Bioinformatics, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Core Unit Bioinformatics, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jana Ebler
- Center for Digital Medicine, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Institute for Medical Biometry and Bioinformatics, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Evan E. Eichler
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
| | - Jordan M. Eizenga
- UC Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Susan Fairley
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Olivier Fedrigo
- Vertebrate Genome Laboratory, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Adam L. Felsenfeld
- National Institutes of Health (NIH)–National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Xiaowen Feng
- Department of Data Sciences, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Christian Fischer
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Paul Flicek
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Giulio Formenti
- Vertebrate Genome Laboratory, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Adam Frankish
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Robert S. Fulton
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Yan Gao
- Center for Computational and Genomic Medicine, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Shilpa Garg
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Erik Garrison
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Nanibaa’ A. Garrison
- Institute for Society and Genetics, College of Letters and Science, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Institute for Precision Health, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Division of General Internal Medicine and Health Services Research, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Carlos Garcia Giron
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Richard E. Green
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
- Dovetail Genomics, Scotts Valley, CA, USA
| | - Cristian Groza
- Quantitative Life Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Andrea Guarracino
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
- Genomics Research Centre, Human Technopole, Milan, Italy
| | - Leanne Haggerty
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ira M. Hall
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Center for Genomic Health, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - William T. Harvey
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Marina Haukness
- UC Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - David Haussler
- UC Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
| | - Simon Heumos
- Quantitative Biology Center (QBiC), University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Biomedical Data Science, Department of Computer Science, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Glenn Hickey
- UC Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
- These authors contributed equally: Glenn Hickey, Jean Monlong
| | - Kendra Hoekzema
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Thibaut Hourlier
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Kerstin Howe
- Tree of Life, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Miten Jain
- Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Erich D. Jarvis
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
- Vertebrate Genome Laboratory, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics of Language, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hanlee P. Ji
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Eimear E. Kenny
- Institute for Genomic Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Barbara A. Koenig
- Program in Bioethics and Institute for Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Jan O. Korbel
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Genome Biology Unit, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jennifer Kordosky
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Sergey Koren
- Genome Informatics Section, Computational and Statistical Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - HoJoon Lee
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Alexandra P. Lewis
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Heng Li
- Department of Data Sciences, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Wen-Wei Liao
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Center for Genomic Health, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Division of Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Shuangjia Lu
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Tsung-Yu Lu
- Department of Quantitative and Computational Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Julian K. Lucas
- UC Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Hugo Magalhães
- Center for Digital Medicine, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Institute for Medical Biometry and Bioinformatics, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Santiago Marco-Sola
- Computer Sciences Department, Barcelona Supercomputing Center, Barcelona, Spain
- Departament d’Arquitectura de Computadors i Sistemes Operatius, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pierre Marijon
- Center for Digital Medicine, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Institute for Medical Biometry and Bioinformatics, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Charles Markello
- UC Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Tobias Marschall
- Center for Digital Medicine, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Institute for Medical Biometry and Bioinformatics, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Fergal J. Martin
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ann McCartney
- Genome Informatics Section, Computational and Statistical Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jennifer McDaniel
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Karen H. Miga
- UC Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | | | - Jean Monlong
- UC Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
- These authors contributed equally: Glenn Hickey, Jean Monlong
| | | | - Katherine M. Munson
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | | | - Adam M. Novak
- UC Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Sergey Nurk
- Genome Informatics Section, Computational and Statistical Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Hugh E. Olsen
- UC Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Nathan D. Olson
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Benedict Paten
- UC Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Trevor Pesout
- UC Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Adam M. Phillippy
- Genome Informatics Section, Computational and Statistical Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Alice B. Popejoy
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - David Porubsky
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Pjotr Prins
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Daniela Puiu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Mikko Rautiainen
- Genome Informatics Section, Computational and Statistical Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Allison A. Regier
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Arang Rhie
- Genome Informatics Section, Computational and Statistical Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Samuel Sacco
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Ashley D. Sanders
- Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Valerie A. Schneider
- National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Baergen I. Schultz
- National Institutes of Health (NIH)–National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Jonas A. Sibbesen
- Center for Health Data Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jouni Sirén
- UC Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Michael W. Smith
- National Institutes of Health (NIH)–National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Heidi J. Sofia
- National Institutes of Health (NIH)–National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ahmad N. Abou Tayoun
- Al Jalila Genomics Center of Excellence, Al Jalila Children’s Specialty Hospital, Dubai, UAE
- Center for Genomic Discovery, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, UAE
| | - Françoise Thibaud-Nissen
- National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Chad Tomlinson
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Francesca Floriana Tricomi
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Flavia Villani
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Mitchell R. Vollger
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
- Division of Medical Genetics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Justin Wagner
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Brian Walenz
- Genome Informatics Section, Computational and Statistical Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ting Wang
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | | | - Aleksey V. Zimin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Center for Computational Biology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Justin M. Zook
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
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Gustafson JA, Gibson SB, Damaraju N, Zalusky MPG, Hoekzema K, Twesigomwe D, Yang L, Snead AA, Richmond PA, De Coster W, Olson ND, Guarracino A, Li Q, Miller AL, Goffena J, Anderson Z, Storz SHR, Ward SA, Sinha M, Gonzaga-Jauregui C, Clarke WE, Basile AO, Corvelo A, Reeves C, Helland A, Musunuri RL, Revsine M, Patterson KE, Paschal CR, Zakarian C, Goodwin S, Jensen TD, Robb E, McCombie WR, Sedlazeck FJ, Zook JM, Montgomery SB, Garrison E, Kolmogorov M, Schatz MC, McLaughlin RN, Dashnow H, Zody MC, Loose M, Jain M, Eichler EE, Miller DE. Nanopore sequencing of 1000 Genomes Project samples to build a comprehensive catalog of human genetic variation. medRxiv 2024:2024.03.05.24303792. [PMID: 38496498 PMCID: PMC10942501 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.05.24303792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Less than half of individuals with a suspected Mendelian condition receive a precise molecular diagnosis after comprehensive clinical genetic testing. Improvements in data quality and costs have heightened interest in using long-read sequencing (LRS) to streamline clinical genomic testing, but the absence of control datasets for variant filtering and prioritization has made tertiary analysis of LRS data challenging. To address this, the 1000 Genomes Project ONT Sequencing Consortium aims to generate LRS data from at least 800 of the 1000 Genomes Project samples. Our goal is to use LRS to identify a broader spectrum of variation so we may improve our understanding of normal patterns of human variation. Here, we present data from analysis of the first 100 samples, representing all 5 superpopulations and 19 subpopulations. These samples, sequenced to an average depth of coverage of 37x and sequence read N50 of 54 kbp, have high concordance with previous studies for identifying single nucleotide and indel variants outside of homopolymer regions. Using multiple structural variant (SV) callers, we identify an average of 24,543 high-confidence SVs per genome, including shared and private SVs likely to disrupt gene function as well as pathogenic expansions within disease-associated repeats that were not detected using short reads. Evaluation of methylation signatures revealed expected patterns at known imprinted loci, samples with skewed X-inactivation patterns, and novel differentially methylated regions. All raw sequencing data, processed data, and summary statistics are publicly available, providing a valuable resource for the clinical genetics community to discover pathogenic SVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas A. Gustafson
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Sophia B. Gibson
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Nikhita Damaraju
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Institute for Public Health Genetics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Miranda PG Zalusky
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Kendra Hoekzema
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - David Twesigomwe
- Sydney Brenner Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Lei Yang
- Pacific Northwest Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | | | - Wouter De Coster
- Applied and Translational Neurogenomics Group, VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, VIB, Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Nathan D. Olson
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Andrea Guarracino
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
- Human Technopole, Milan, Italy
| | - Qiuhui Li
- Department of Computer Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Angela L. Miller
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Joy Goffena
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Zachery Anderson
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Sophie HR Storz
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Sydney A. Ward
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Maisha Sinha
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Claudia Gonzaga-Jauregui
- International Laboratory for Human Genome Research, Laboratorio Internacional de Investigación sobre el Genoma Humano, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
| | - Wayne E. Clarke
- New York Genome Center, New York, NY, USA
- Outlier Informatics Inc., Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Mahler Revsine
- Department of Computer Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Cate R. Paschal
- Department of Laboratories, Seattle Children’s Hospital, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Christina Zakarian
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Sara Goodwin
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA
| | | | - Esther Robb
- Department of Computer Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Fritz J. Sedlazeck
- Human Genome Sequencing Center Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Computer Science, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Justin M. Zook
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | | | - Erik Garrison
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Mikhail Kolmogorov
- Cancer Data Science Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Michael C. Schatz
- Department of Computer Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Richard N. McLaughlin
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Pacific Northwest Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Harriet Dashnow
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | | | - Matt Loose
- Deep Seq, School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, England
| | - Miten Jain
- Department of Bioengineering, Department of Physics, Khoury College of Computer Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA
| | - Evan E. Eichler
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Brotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Danny E. Miller
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Brotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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4
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Sawlani V, Jen JP, Patel M, Jain M, Haq H, Ughratdar I, Wykes V, Nagaraju S, Watts C, Pohl U. Multiparametric MRI and T2/FLAIR mismatch complements the World Health Organization 2021 classification for the diagnosis of IDH-mutant 1p/19q non-co-deleted/ATRX-mutant astrocytoma. Clin Radiol 2024; 79:197-204. [PMID: 38101998 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2023.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
AIM To investigate whether T2-weighted imaging-fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (T2/FLAIR) mismatch, T2∗ dynamic susceptibility contrast (DSC) perfusion, and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) correlated with the histological diagnosis and grading of IDH (isocitrate dehydrogenase)-mutant, 1p/19q non-co-deleted/ATRX (alpha-thalassemia mental retardation X-linked)-mutant astrocytoma. MATERIALS Imaging of 101 IDH-mutant diffuse glioma cases of histological grades 2-3 (2019-2021) were analysed retrospectively by two neuroradiologists blinded to the molecular diagnosis. T2/FLAIR mismatch sign is used for radio-phenotyping, and pre-biopsy multiparametric MRI images were assessed for grading purposes. Cut-off values pre-determined for radiologically high-grade lesions were relative cerebral blood volume (rCBV) ≥2, choline/creatine ratio (Cho/Cr) ≥1.5 (30 ms echo time [TE]), Cho/Cr ≥1.8 (135 ms TE). RESULTS Sixteen of the 101 cases showed T2/FLAIR mismatch, all of which were histogenetically confirmed IDH-mutant 1p/19q non-co-deleted/ATRX mutant astrocytomas; 50% were grade 3 (8/16) and 50% grade 2 (8/16). None showed contrast enhancement. Nine of the 16 had adequate multiparametric MRI for analysis. Any positive value by combining rCBV ≥2 with Cho/Cr ≥1.5 (30 ms TE) or Cho/Cr ≥1.8 (135 ms TE) predicted grade 3 histology with sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy of 100%. CONCLUSION The T2/FLAIR mismatch sign detected diffuse astrocytomas with 100% specificity. When combined with high Cho/Cr and raised rCBV, this predicted histological grading with high accuracy. The future direction for imaging should explore a similar integrated layered approach of 2021 classification of central nervous system (CNS) tumours combining radio-phenotyping and grading from structural and multiparametric imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Sawlani
- Department of Neuroradiology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS FT, Birmingham, UK; Department of Imaging, Neurosurgery and Neuropathology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS FT, Birmingham, UK.
| | - J P Jen
- Department of Neuroradiology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS FT, Birmingham, UK
| | - M Patel
- Department of Neuroradiology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS FT, Birmingham, UK; Department of Imaging, Neurosurgery and Neuropathology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS FT, Birmingham, UK
| | - M Jain
- Department of Neuroradiology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS FT, Birmingham, UK
| | - H Haq
- Department of Neuroradiology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS FT, Birmingham, UK
| | - I Ughratdar
- Department of Imaging, Neurosurgery and Neuropathology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS FT, Birmingham, UK; Department of Neurosurgery, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS FT, Birmingham, UK
| | - V Wykes
- Department of Imaging, Neurosurgery and Neuropathology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS FT, Birmingham, UK; Department of Neurosurgery, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS FT, Birmingham, UK
| | - S Nagaraju
- Department of Neuropathology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS FT, Birmingham, UK
| | - C Watts
- Department of Imaging, Neurosurgery and Neuropathology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS FT, Birmingham, UK; Department of Neurosurgery, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS FT, Birmingham, UK
| | - U Pohl
- Department of Neuropathology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS FT, Birmingham, UK
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5
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Genner R, Akeson S, Meredith M, Jerez PA, Malik L, Baker B, Miano-Burkhardt A, Paten B, Billingsley KJ, Blauwendraat C, Jain M. Assessing methylation detection for primary human tissue using Nanopore sequencing. bioRxiv 2024:2024.02.29.581569. [PMID: 38464144 PMCID: PMC10925257 DOI: 10.1101/2024.02.29.581569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
DNA methylation most commonly occurs as 5-methylcytosine (5-mC) in the human genome and has been associated with human diseases. Recent developments in single-molecule sequencing technologies (Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT) and Pacific Biosciences) have enabled readouts of long, native DNA molecules, including cytosine methylation. ONT recently upgraded their Nanopore sequencing chemistry and kits from R9 to the R10 version, which yielded increased accuracy and sequencing throughput. However the effects on methylation detection have not yet been documented. Here we performed a series of computational analyses to characterize differences in Nanopore-based 5mC detection between the ONT R9 and R10 chemistries. We compared 5mC calls in R9 and R10 for three human genome datasets: a cell line, a frontal cortex brain sample, and a blood sample. We performed an in-depth analysis on CpG islands and homopolymer regions, and documented high concordance for methylation detection among sequencing technologies. The strongest correlation was observed between Nanopore R10 and Illumina bisulfite technologies for cell line-derived datasets. Subtle differences in methylation datasets between technologies can impact analysis tools such as differential methylation calling software. Our findings show that comparisons can be drawn between methylation data from different Nanopore chemistries using guided hypotheses. This work will facilitate comparison among Nanopore data cohorts derived using different chemistries from large scale sequencing efforts, such as the NIH CARD Long Read Initiative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rylee Genner
- Center for Alzheimer’s and Related Dementias, National Institute on Aging and National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Stuart Akeson
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Melissa Meredith
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Pilar Alvarez Jerez
- Center for Alzheimer’s and Related Dementias, National Institute on Aging and National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Laksh Malik
- Center for Alzheimer’s and Related Dementias, National Institute on Aging and National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Breeana Baker
- Center for Alzheimer’s and Related Dementias, National Institute on Aging and National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | | | - Benedict Paten
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Kimberley J Billingsley
- Center for Alzheimer’s and Related Dementias, National Institute on Aging and National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Cornelis Blauwendraat
- Center for Alzheimer’s and Related Dementias, National Institute on Aging and National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Miten Jain
- Center for Alzheimer’s and Related Dementias, National Institute on Aging and National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Physics, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
- Khoury College of Computer Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
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6
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De Wachter E, De Boeck K, Sermet-Gaudelus I, Simmonds NJ, Munck A, Naehrlich L, Barben J, Boyd C, Veen SJ, Carr SB, Fajac I, Farrell PM, Girodon E, Gonska T, Grody WW, Jain M, Jung A, Kerem E, Raraigh KS, van Koningsbruggen-Rietschel S, Waller MD, Southern KW, Castellani C. ECFS standards of care on CFTR-related disorders: Towards a comprehensive program for affected individuals. J Cyst Fibros 2024:S1569-1993(24)00011-0. [PMID: 38388234 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcf.2024.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
After three publications defining an updated guidance on the diagnostic criteria for people with cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR)-related disorders (pwCFTR-RDs), establishing its relationship to CFTR-dysfunction and describing the individual disorders, this fourth and last paper in the series addresses some critical challenges facing health care providers and pwCFTR-RD. Topics included are: 1) benefits and obstacles to collect data from pwCFTR-RD are discussed, together with the opportunity to integrate them into established CF-registries; 2) the potential of infants designated CRMS/CFSPID to develop a CFTR-RD and how to communicate this information; 3) a description of the challenges in genetic counseling, with particular regard to phenotypic variability, unknown long-term evolution, CFTR testing and pregnancy termination 4) a proposal for the assessment of potential barriers to the implementation and dissemination of the produced documents to health care professionals involved in the care of pwCFTR-RD and a process to monitor the implementation of the CFTR-RD recommendations; 5) clinical trials investigating the efficacy of CFTR modulators in CFTR-RD and how endpoints and outcomes might be adapted to the heterogeneity of these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- E De Wachter
- Cystic Fibrosis Center, Pediatric Pulmonology department, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - K De Boeck
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - I Sermet-Gaudelus
- INSERM U1151, Institut Necker Enfants Malades, Paris, France; Université de Paris, Paris, France; Centre de référence Maladies Rares, Mucoviscidose et maladies apparentées. Hôpital Necker Enfants malades, Paris, France
| | - N J Simmonds
- Adult Cystic Fibrosis Centre, Royal Brompton Hospital and Imperial College, London, UK
| | - A Munck
- Paediatric Cystic Fibrosis centre, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, AP-HP Paris, France
| | - L Naehrlich
- Department of Pediatrics, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Germany
| | - J Barben
- Paediatric Pulmonology & CF Centre, Children's Hospital of Eastern Switzerland, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | | | | | - S B Carr
- Department of Paediatric Respiratory Medicine, Royal Brompton Hospital, and Imperial College, London, UK
| | - I Fajac
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Thoracic Department and National Cystic Fibrosis Reference Centre, Cochin Hospital, 75014 Paris, France; Université Paris Cité, Inserm U1016, Institut Cochin, 75014 Paris, France
| | - P M Farrell
- Departments of Pediatrics and Population Health Sciences, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53792, USA
| | - E Girodon
- Service de Médecine Génomique des Maladies de Système et d'Organe, APHP.Centre - Université de Paris Cité, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France
| | - T Gonska
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Program of Translational Medicine, Research institute, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - W W Grody
- Departments of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Pediatrics, and Human Genetics, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California 90095-1732, USA
| | - M Jain
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Pulmonary Critical Care, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - A Jung
- University Children`s Hospital Zurich, Steinwiesstrasse 75, CH-8032 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - E Kerem
- Department of Pediatrics and CF Center, Hadassah Hebrew University medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - K S Raraigh
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | | | - M D Waller
- Department of Adult Cystic Fibrosis and Respiratory Medicine, King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; Centre for Human & Applied Physiological Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - K W Southern
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Liverpool, Alder Hey Children's Hospital, Liverpool, UK
| | - C Castellani
- IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Cystic Fibrosis Center, Genoa, Italy
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7
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Jadhav B, Garg P, van Vugt JJFA, Ibanez K, Gagliardi D, Lee W, Shadrina M, Mokveld T, Dolzhenko E, Martin-Trujillo A, Gies SL, Rocca C, Barbosa M, Jain M, Lahiri N, Lachlan K, Houlden H, Paten B, Veldink J, Tucci A, Sharp AJ. A phenome-wide association study of methylated GC-rich repeats identifies a GCC repeat expansion in AFF3 as a significant cause of intellectual disability. medRxiv 2023:2023.05.03.23289461. [PMID: 37205357 PMCID: PMC10187445 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.03.23289461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
GC-rich tandem repeat expansions (TREs) are often associated with DNA methylation, gene silencing and folate-sensitive fragile sites and underlie several congenital and late-onset disorders. Through a combination of DNA methylation profiling and tandem repeat genotyping, we identified 24 methylated TREs and investigated their effects on human traits using PheWAS in 168,641 individuals from the UK Biobank, identifying 156 significant TRE:trait associations involving 17 different TREs. Of these, a GCC expansion in the promoter of AFF3 was linked with a 2.4-fold reduced probability of completing secondary education, an effect size comparable to several recurrent pathogenic microdeletions. In a cohort of 6,371 probands with neurodevelopmental problems of suspected genetic etiology, we observed a significant enrichment of AFF3 expansions compared to controls. With a population prevalence that is at least 5-fold higher than the TRE that causes fragile X syndrome, AFF3 expansions represent a significant cause of neurodevelopmental delay.
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8
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Reggiardo RE, Maroli SV, Peddu V, Davidson AE, Hill A, LaMontagne E, Aaraj YA, Jain M, Chan SY, Kim DH. Profiling of repetitive RNA sequences in the blood plasma of patients with cancer. Nat Biomed Eng 2023; 7:1627-1635. [PMID: 37652985 PMCID: PMC10727983 DOI: 10.1038/s41551-023-01081-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Liquid biopsies provide a means for the profiling of cell-free RNAs secreted by cells throughout the body. Although well-annotated coding and non-coding transcripts in blood are readily detectable and can serve as biomarkers of disease, the overall diagnostic utility of the cell-free transcriptome remains unclear. Here we show that RNAs derived from transposable elements and other repeat elements are enriched in the cell-free transcriptome of patients with cancer, and that they serve as signatures for the accurate classification of the disease. We used repeat-element-aware liquid-biopsy technology and single-molecule nanopore sequencing to profile the cell-free transcriptome in plasma from patients with cancer and to examine millions of genomic features comprising all annotated genes and repeat elements throughout the genome. By aggregating individual repeat elements to the subfamily level, we found that samples with pancreatic cancer are enriched with specific Alu subfamilies, whereas other cancers have their own characteristic cell-free RNA profile. Our findings show that repetitive RNA sequences are abundant in blood and can be used as disease-specific diagnostic biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman E Reggiardo
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Sreelakshmi Velandi Maroli
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Vikas Peddu
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Andrew E Davidson
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Alexander Hill
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Erin LaMontagne
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Yassmin Al Aaraj
- Center for Pulmonary Vascular Biology and Medicine, Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Miten Jain
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Physics, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Stephen Y Chan
- Center for Pulmonary Vascular Biology and Medicine, Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Daniel H Kim
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA.
- Institute for the Biology of Stem Cells, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA.
- Genomics Institute, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA.
- Center for Molecular Biology of RNA, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA.
- Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
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9
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Nguyen HN, Sharp GM, Stahl-Rommel S, Velez Justiniano YA, Castro CL, Nelman-Gonzalez M, O’Rourke A, Lee MD, Williamson J, McCool C, Crucian B, Clark KW, Jain M, Castro-Wallace SL. Microbial isolation and characterization from two flex lines from the urine processor assembly onboard the international space station. Biofilm 2023; 5:100108. [PMID: 36938359 PMCID: PMC10020673 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioflm.2023.100108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Urine, humidity condensate, and other sources of non-potable water are processed onboard the International Space Station (ISS) by the Water Recovery System (WRS) yielding potable water. While some means of microbial control are in place, including a phosphoric acid/hexavalent chromium urine pretreatment solution, many areas within the WRS are not available for routine microbial monitoring. Due to refurbishment needs, two flex lines from the Urine Processor Assembly (UPA) within the WRS were removed and returned to Earth. The water from within these lines, as well as flush water, was microbially evaluated. Culture and culture-independent analysis revealed the presence of Burkholderia, Paraburkholderia, and Leifsonia. Fungal culture also identified Fusarium and Lecythophora. Hybrid de novo genome analysis of the five distinct Burkholderia isolates identified them as B. contaminans, while the two Paraburkholderia isolates were identified as P. fungorum. Chromate-resistance gene clusters were identified through pangenomic analysis that differentiated these genomes from previously studied isolates recovered from the point-of-use potable water dispenser and/or current NCBI references, indicating that unique populations exist within distinct niches in the WRS. Beyond genomic analysis, fixed samples directly from the lines were imaged by environmental scanning electron microscopy, which detailed networks of fungal-bacterial biofilms. This is the first evidence of biofilm formation within flex lines from the UPA onboard the ISS. For all bacteria isolated, biofilm potential was further characterized, with the B. contaminans isolates demonstrating the most considerable biofilm formation. Moreover, the genomes of the B. contaminans revealed secondary metabolite gene clusters associated with quorum sensing, biofilm formation, antifungal compounds, and hemolysins. The potential production of these gene cluster metabolites was phenotypically evaluated through biofilm, bacterial-fungal interaction, and hemolytic assays. Collectively, these data identify the UPA flex lines as a unique ecological niche and novel area of biofilm growth within the WRS. Further investigation of these organisms and their resistance profiles will enable engineering controls directed toward biofilm prevention in future space station water systems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Aubrie O’Rourke
- Exploration Research and Technology, NASA Kennedy Space Center, Merritt Island, FL, USA
| | | | - Jill Williamson
- Space Systems Department, NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA
| | | | - Brian Crucian
- Biomedical Research and Environmental Sciences Division, NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Miten Jain
- Department of Bioengineering, Department of Physics, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sarah L. Castro-Wallace
- Biomedical Research and Environmental Sciences Division, NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Corresponding author.
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10
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Kolmogorov M, Billingsley KJ, Mastoras M, Meredith M, Monlong J, Lorig-Roach R, Asri M, Alvarez Jerez P, Malik L, Dewan R, Reed X, Genner RM, Daida K, Behera S, Shafin K, Pesout T, Prabakaran J, Carnevali P, Yang J, Rhie A, Scholz SW, Traynor BJ, Miga KH, Jain M, Timp W, Phillippy AM, Chaisson M, Sedlazeck FJ, Blauwendraat C, Paten B. Scalable Nanopore sequencing of human genomes provides a comprehensive view of haplotype-resolved variation and methylation. Nat Methods 2023; 20:1483-1492. [PMID: 37710018 DOI: 10.1038/s41592-023-01993-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Long-read sequencing technologies substantially overcome the limitations of short-reads but have not been considered as a feasible replacement for population-scale projects, being a combination of too expensive, not scalable enough or too error-prone. Here we develop an efficient and scalable wet lab and computational protocol, Napu, for Oxford Nanopore Technologies long-read sequencing that seeks to address those limitations. We applied our protocol to cell lines and brain tissue samples as part of a pilot project for the National Institutes of Health Center for Alzheimer's and Related Dementias. Using a single PromethION flow cell, we can detect single nucleotide polymorphisms with F1-score comparable to Illumina short-read sequencing. Small indel calling remains difficult within homopolymers and tandem repeats, but achieves good concordance to Illumina indel calls elsewhere. Further, we can discover structural variants with F1-score on par with state-of-the-art de novo assembly methods. Our protocol phases small and structural variants at megabase scales and produces highly accurate, haplotype-specific methylation calls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail Kolmogorov
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Kimberley J Billingsley
- Center for Alzheimer's and Related Dementias, National Institute on Aging and National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Mira Mastoras
- UC Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | | | - Jean Monlong
- UC Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | | | - Mobin Asri
- UC Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Pilar Alvarez Jerez
- Center for Alzheimer's and Related Dementias, National Institute on Aging and National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Laksh Malik
- Center for Alzheimer's and Related Dementias, National Institute on Aging and National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ramita Dewan
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Xylena Reed
- Center for Alzheimer's and Related Dementias, National Institute on Aging and National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Rylee M Genner
- Center for Alzheimer's and Related Dementias, National Institute on Aging and National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kensuke Daida
- Center for Alzheimer's and Related Dementias, National Institute on Aging and National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sairam Behera
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Trevor Pesout
- UC Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Jeshuwin Prabakaran
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Jianzhi Yang
- Department of Quantitative and Computational Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Arang Rhie
- Genome Informatics Section, Computational and Statistical Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sonja W Scholz
- Neurodegenerative Diseases Research Unit, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Bryan J Traynor
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Karen H Miga
- UC Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Miten Jain
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Physics, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Winston Timp
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Adam M Phillippy
- Genome Informatics Section, Computational and Statistical Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Mark Chaisson
- Department of Quantitative and Computational Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Fritz J Sedlazeck
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Computer Science, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Cornelis Blauwendraat
- Center for Alzheimer's and Related Dementias, National Institute on Aging and National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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11
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Kolesnikov A, Cook D, Nattestad M, McNulty B, Gorzynski J, Goenka S, Ashley EA, Jain M, Miga KH, Paten B, Chang PC, Carroll A, Shafin K. Local read haplotagging enables accurate long-read small variant calling. bioRxiv 2023:2023.09.07.556731. [PMID: 37745389 PMCID: PMC10515762 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.07.556731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Long-read sequencing technology has enabled variant detection in difficult-to-map regions of the genome and enabled rapid genetic diagnosis in clinical settings. Rapidly evolving third-generation sequencing platforms like Pacific Biosciences (PacBio) and Oxford nanopore technologies (ONT) are introducing newer platforms and data types. It has been demonstrated that variant calling methods based on deep neural networks can use local haplotyping information with long-reads to improve the genotyping accuracy. However, using local haplotype information creates an overhead as variant calling needs to be performed multiple times which ultimately makes it difficult to extend to new data types and platforms as they get introduced. In this work, we have developed a local haplotype approximate method that enables state-of-the-art variant calling performance with multiple sequencing platforms including PacBio Revio system, ONT R10.4 simplex and duplex data. This addition of local haplotype approximation makes DeepVariant a universal variant calling solution for long-read sequencing platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniel Cook
- Google Inc, 1600 Amphitheatre Pkwy, Mountain View, CA
| | | | - Brandy McNulty
- UC Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, University of California, Santa Cruz, California, USA
| | | | | | | | - Miten Jain
- Northeastern university, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Karen H Miga
- UC Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, University of California, Santa Cruz, California, USA
| | - Benedict Paten
- UC Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, University of California, Santa Cruz, California, USA
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12
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Rhie A, Nurk S, Cechova M, Hoyt SJ, Taylor DJ, Altemose N, Hook PW, Koren S, Rautiainen M, Alexandrov IA, Allen J, Asri M, Bzikadze AV, Chen NC, Chin CS, Diekhans M, Flicek P, Formenti G, Fungtammasan A, Garcia Giron C, Garrison E, Gershman A, Gerton JL, Grady PGS, Guarracino A, Haggerty L, Halabian R, Hansen NF, Harris R, Hartley GA, Harvey WT, Haukness M, Heinz J, Hourlier T, Hubley RM, Hunt SE, Hwang S, Jain M, Kesharwani RK, Lewis AP, Li H, Logsdon GA, Lucas JK, Makalowski W, Markovic C, Martin FJ, Mc Cartney AM, McCoy RC, McDaniel J, McNulty BM, Medvedev P, Mikheenko A, Munson KM, Murphy TD, Olsen HE, Olson ND, Paulin LF, Porubsky D, Potapova T, Ryabov F, Salzberg SL, Sauria MEG, Sedlazeck FJ, Shafin K, Shepelev VA, Shumate A, Storer JM, Surapaneni L, Taravella Oill AM, Thibaud-Nissen F, Timp W, Tomaszkiewicz M, Vollger MR, Walenz BP, Watwood AC, Weissensteiner MH, Wenger AM, Wilson MA, Zarate S, Zhu Y, Zook JM, Eichler EE, O'Neill RJ, Schatz MC, Miga KH, Makova KD, Phillippy AM. The complete sequence of a human Y chromosome. Nature 2023; 621:344-354. [PMID: 37612512 PMCID: PMC10752217 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06457-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
The human Y chromosome has been notoriously difficult to sequence and assemble because of its complex repeat structure that includes long palindromes, tandem repeats and segmental duplications1-3. As a result, more than half of the Y chromosome is missing from the GRCh38 reference sequence and it remains the last human chromosome to be finished4,5. Here, the Telomere-to-Telomere (T2T) consortium presents the complete 62,460,029-base-pair sequence of a human Y chromosome from the HG002 genome (T2T-Y) that corrects multiple errors in GRCh38-Y and adds over 30 million base pairs of sequence to the reference, showing the complete ampliconic structures of gene families TSPY, DAZ and RBMY; 41 additional protein-coding genes, mostly from the TSPY family; and an alternating pattern of human satellite 1 and 3 blocks in the heterochromatic Yq12 region. We have combined T2T-Y with a previous assembly of the CHM13 genome4 and mapped available population variation, clinical variants and functional genomics data to produce a complete and comprehensive reference sequence for all 24 human chromosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arang Rhie
- Genome Informatics Section, Computational and Statistical Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sergey Nurk
- Genome Informatics Section, Computational and Statistical Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Oxford Nanopore Technologies Inc., Oxford, UK
| | - Monika Cechova
- Faculty of Informatics, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Savannah J Hoyt
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Dylan J Taylor
- Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Nicolas Altemose
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Paul W Hook
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sergey Koren
- Genome Informatics Section, Computational and Statistical Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Mikko Rautiainen
- Genome Informatics Section, Computational and Statistical Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ivan A Alexandrov
- Federal Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- Center for Algorithmic Biotechnology, Saint Petersburg State University, St Petersburg, Russia
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology and Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv-Yafo, Israel
| | - Jamie Allen
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Mobin Asri
- UC Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Andrey V Bzikadze
- Graduate Program in Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Nae-Chyun Chen
- Department of Computer Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Chen-Shan Chin
- GeneDX Holdings Corp, Stamford, CT, USA
- Foundation of Biological Data Science, Belmont, CA, USA
| | - Mark Diekhans
- UC Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Paul Flicek
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | | | - Carlos Garcia Giron
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Erik Garrison
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Ariel Gershman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jennifer L Gerton
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO, USA
- University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Patrick G S Grady
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Andrea Guarracino
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
- Genomics Research Centre, Human Technopole, Milan, Italy
| | - Leanne Haggerty
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Reza Halabian
- Institute of Bioinformatics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Nancy F Hansen
- Genome Informatics Section, Computational and Statistical Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Cancer Genetics and Comparative Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Robert Harris
- Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Gabrielle A Hartley
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - William T Harvey
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Marina Haukness
- UC Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Jakob Heinz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Thibaut Hourlier
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Sarah E Hunt
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Stephen Hwang
- XDBio Program, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Miten Jain
- Department of Bioengineering, Department of Physics, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rupesh K Kesharwani
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Alexandra P Lewis
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Heng Li
- Department of Data Sciences, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Glennis A Logsdon
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Julian K Lucas
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
- UC Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Wojciech Makalowski
- Institute of Bioinformatics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Christopher Markovic
- Genome Technology Access Center at the McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Fergal J Martin
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ann M Mc Cartney
- Genome Informatics Section, Computational and Statistical Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Rajiv C McCoy
- Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jennifer McDaniel
- Biosystems and Biomaterials Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Brandy M McNulty
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
- UC Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Paul Medvedev
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
- Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Alla Mikheenko
- Center for Algorithmic Biotechnology, Saint Petersburg State University, St Petersburg, Russia
- UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, UCL, London, UK
| | - Katherine M Munson
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Terence D Murphy
- National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Hugh E Olsen
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
- UC Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Nathan D Olson
- Biosystems and Biomaterials Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Luis F Paulin
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, USA
| | - David Porubsky
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Tamara Potapova
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Fedor Ryabov
- Masters Program in National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia
| | - Steven L Salzberg
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Computer Science, and Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Fritz J Sedlazeck
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Computer Science, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | | | - Alaina Shumate
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Likhitha Surapaneni
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Angela M Taravella Oill
- Center for Evolution and Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Françoise Thibaud-Nissen
- National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Winston Timp
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Marta Tomaszkiewicz
- Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, USA
| | - Mitchell R Vollger
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Brian P Walenz
- Genome Informatics Section, Computational and Statistical Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Allison C Watwood
- Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | | | | | - Melissa A Wilson
- Center for Evolution and Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Samantha Zarate
- Department of Computer Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yiming Zhu
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Justin M Zook
- Biosystems and Biomaterials Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Evan E Eichler
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
- Investigator, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Rachel J O'Neill
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
- Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Michael C Schatz
- Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Computer Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Karen H Miga
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
- UC Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Kateryna D Makova
- Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Adam M Phillippy
- Genome Informatics Section, Computational and Statistical Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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13
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Rowe SM, Zuckerman JB, Dorgan D, Lascano J, McCoy K, Jain M, Schechter MS, Lommatzsch S, Indihar V, Lechtzin N, McBennett K, Callison C, Brown C, Liou TG, MacDonald KD, Nasr SZ, Bodie S, Vaughn M, Meltzer EB, Barbier AJ. Inhaled mRNA therapy for treatment of cystic fibrosis: Interim results of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 1/2 clinical study. J Cyst Fibros 2023; 22:656-664. [PMID: 37121795 PMCID: PMC10524666 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcf.2023.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND MRT5005, a codon-optimized CFTR mRNA, delivered by aerosol in lipid nanoparticles, was designed as a genotype-agnostic treatment for CF lung disease. METHODS This was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled Phase 1/2 study performed in the US. Adults with 2 severe class I and/or II CFTR mutations and baseline ppFEV1 values between 50 and 90% were randomized 3:1 (MRT5005: placebo). Six dose levels of MRT5005 (4, 8, 12, 16, 20, and 24 mg) or placebo (0.9% Sodium Chloride) were administered by nebulization. The single ascending dose cohort was treated over a range from 8 to 24 mg; the multiple ascending dose cohort received five weekly doses (range 8-20 mg); and the daily dosing cohort received five daily doses (4 mg). RESULTS A total of 42 subjects were assigned to MRT5005 [31] or placebo [11]. A total of 14 febrile reactions were observed in 10 MRT5005-treated participants, which were mild [3] or moderate [11] in severity; two subjects discontinued related to these events. Additionally, two MRT5005-treated patients experienced hypersensitivity reactions, which were managed conservatively. The most common treatment emergent adverse events were cough and headache. No consistent effects on FEV1 were noted. CONCLUSIONS MRT5005 was generally safe and well tolerated through 28 days of follow-up after the last dose, though febrile and hypersensitivity reactions were noted. The majority of these reactions resolved within 1-2 days with supportive care allowing continued treatment with MRT5005 and careful monitoring. In this small first-in-human study, FEV1 remained stable after treatment, but no beneficial effects on FEV1 were observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Rowe
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, USA
| | | | - D Dorgan
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, USA
| | - J Lascano
- University of Florida, Gainesville, USA
| | - K McCoy
- Nationwide Children's Hospital/the Ohio State University, USA
| | - M Jain
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, USA
| | - M S Schechter
- Children's Hospital of Richmond at Virginia Commonwealth University, USA
| | | | | | | | - K McBennett
- University Hospitals, Cleveland Medical Center, USA
| | - C Callison
- University of Tennessee Medical Center, Knoxville, USA
| | - C Brown
- Indiana University School of Medicine, USA
| | - T G Liou
- University of Utah, Salt Lake City, USA
| | | | - S Z Nasr
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - S Bodie
- Translate Bio Inc, Lexington, MA, USA
| | - M Vaughn
- Translate Bio Inc, Lexington, MA, USA
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14
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Liao WW, Asri M, Ebler J, Doerr D, Haukness M, Hickey G, Lu S, Lucas JK, Monlong J, Abel HJ, Buonaiuto S, Chang XH, Cheng H, Chu J, Colonna V, Eizenga JM, Feng X, Fischer C, Fulton RS, Garg S, Groza C, Guarracino A, Harvey WT, Heumos S, Howe K, Jain M, Lu TY, Markello C, Martin FJ, Mitchell MW, Munson KM, Mwaniki MN, Novak AM, Olsen HE, Pesout T, Porubsky D, Prins P, Sibbesen JA, Sirén J, Tomlinson C, Villani F, Vollger MR, Antonacci-Fulton LL, Baid G, Baker CA, Belyaeva A, Billis K, Carroll A, Chang PC, Cody S, Cook DE, Cook-Deegan RM, Cornejo OE, Diekhans M, Ebert P, Fairley S, Fedrigo O, Felsenfeld AL, Formenti G, Frankish A, Gao Y, Garrison NA, Giron CG, Green RE, Haggerty L, Hoekzema K, Hourlier T, Ji HP, Kenny EE, Koenig BA, Kolesnikov A, Korbel JO, Kordosky J, Koren S, Lee H, Lewis AP, Magalhães H, Marco-Sola S, Marijon P, McCartney A, McDaniel J, Mountcastle J, Nattestad M, Nurk S, Olson ND, Popejoy AB, Puiu D, Rautiainen M, Regier AA, Rhie A, Sacco S, Sanders AD, Schneider VA, Schultz BI, Shafin K, Smith MW, Sofia HJ, Abou Tayoun AN, Thibaud-Nissen F, Tricomi FF, Wagner J, Walenz B, Wood JMD, Zimin AV, Bourque G, Chaisson MJP, Flicek P, Phillippy AM, Zook JM, Eichler EE, Haussler D, Wang T, Jarvis ED, Miga KH, Garrison E, Marschall T, Hall IM, Li H, Paten B. A draft human pangenome reference. Nature 2023; 617:312-324. [PMID: 37165242 PMCID: PMC10172123 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-05896-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 154.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Here the Human Pangenome Reference Consortium presents a first draft of the human pangenome reference. The pangenome contains 47 phased, diploid assemblies from a cohort of genetically diverse individuals1. These assemblies cover more than 99% of the expected sequence in each genome and are more than 99% accurate at the structural and base pair levels. Based on alignments of the assemblies, we generate a draft pangenome that captures known variants and haplotypes and reveals new alleles at structurally complex loci. We also add 119 million base pairs of euchromatic polymorphic sequences and 1,115 gene duplications relative to the existing reference GRCh38. Roughly 90 million of the additional base pairs are derived from structural variation. Using our draft pangenome to analyse short-read data reduced small variant discovery errors by 34% and increased the number of structural variants detected per haplotype by 104% compared with GRCh38-based workflows, which enabled the typing of the vast majority of structural variant alleles per sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Wei Liao
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Center for Genomic Health, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Division of Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Mobin Asri
- Genomics Institute, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Jana Ebler
- Institute for Medical Biometry and Bioinformatics, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Center for Digital Medicine, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Daniel Doerr
- Institute for Medical Biometry and Bioinformatics, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Center for Digital Medicine, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Marina Haukness
- Genomics Institute, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Glenn Hickey
- Genomics Institute, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Shuangjia Lu
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Center for Genomic Health, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Julian K Lucas
- Genomics Institute, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Jean Monlong
- Genomics Institute, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Haley J Abel
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Silvia Buonaiuto
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Xian H Chang
- Genomics Institute, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Haoyu Cheng
- Department of Data Sciences, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Justin Chu
- Department of Data Sciences, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Vincenza Colonna
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Jordan M Eizenga
- Genomics Institute, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Xiaowen Feng
- Department of Data Sciences, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Christian Fischer
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Robert S Fulton
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Shilpa Garg
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Cristian Groza
- Quantitative Life Sciences, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Andrea Guarracino
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
- Genomics Research Centre, Human Technopole, Milan, Italy
| | - William T Harvey
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Simon Heumos
- Quantitative Biology Center (QBiC), University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Biomedical Data Science, Department of Computer Science, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Kerstin Howe
- Tree of Life, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Miten Jain
- Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tsung-Yu Lu
- Department of Quantitative and Computational Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Charles Markello
- Genomics Institute, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Fergal J Martin
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Katherine M Munson
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Adam M Novak
- Genomics Institute, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Hugh E Olsen
- Genomics Institute, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Trevor Pesout
- Genomics Institute, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - David Porubsky
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Pjotr Prins
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Jonas A Sibbesen
- Center for Health Data Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jouni Sirén
- Genomics Institute, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Chad Tomlinson
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Flavia Villani
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Mitchell R Vollger
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
- Division of Medical Genetics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | | | - Carl A Baker
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Konstantinos Billis
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | | | | | - Sarah Cody
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | | | - Robert M Cook-Deegan
- Barrett and O'Connor Washington Center, Arizona State University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Omar E Cornejo
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Mark Diekhans
- Genomics Institute, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Peter Ebert
- Institute for Medical Biometry and Bioinformatics, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Center for Digital Medicine, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Core Unit Bioinformatics, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Susan Fairley
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Olivier Fedrigo
- Vertebrate Genome Laboratory, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Adam L Felsenfeld
- National Institutes of Health (NIH)-National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Giulio Formenti
- Vertebrate Genome Laboratory, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Adam Frankish
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Yan Gao
- Center for Computational and Genomic Medicine, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Nanibaa' A Garrison
- Institute for Society and Genetics, College of Letters and Science, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Institute for Precision Health, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Division of General Internal Medicine and Health Services Research, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Carlos Garcia Giron
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Richard E Green
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
- Dovetail Genomics, Scotts Valley, CA, USA
| | - Leanne Haggerty
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Kendra Hoekzema
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Thibaut Hourlier
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Hanlee P Ji
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Eimear E Kenny
- Institute for Genomic Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Barbara A Koenig
- Program in Bioethics and Institute for Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Jan O Korbel
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
- Genome Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jennifer Kordosky
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Sergey Koren
- Genome Informatics Section, Computational and Statistical Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - HoJoon Lee
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Alexandra P Lewis
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Hugo Magalhães
- Institute for Medical Biometry and Bioinformatics, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Center for Digital Medicine, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Santiago Marco-Sola
- Computer Sciences Department, Barcelona Supercomputing Center, Barcelona, Spain
- Departament d'Arquitectura de Computadors i Sistemes Operatius, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pierre Marijon
- Institute for Medical Biometry and Bioinformatics, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Center for Digital Medicine, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Ann McCartney
- Genome Informatics Section, Computational and Statistical Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jennifer McDaniel
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | | | | | - Sergey Nurk
- Genome Informatics Section, Computational and Statistical Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Nathan D Olson
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Alice B Popejoy
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Daniela Puiu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Mikko Rautiainen
- Genome Informatics Section, Computational and Statistical Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Allison A Regier
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Arang Rhie
- Genome Informatics Section, Computational and Statistical Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Samuel Sacco
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Ashley D Sanders
- Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Valerie A Schneider
- National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Baergen I Schultz
- National Institutes of Health (NIH)-National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Michael W Smith
- National Institutes of Health (NIH)-National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Heidi J Sofia
- National Institutes of Health (NIH)-National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ahmad N Abou Tayoun
- Al Jalila Genomics Center of Excellence, Al Jalila Children's Specialty Hospital, Dubai, UAE
- Center for Genomic Discovery, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, UAE
| | - Françoise Thibaud-Nissen
- National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Francesca Floriana Tricomi
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Justin Wagner
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Brian Walenz
- Genome Informatics Section, Computational and Statistical Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Aleksey V Zimin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Center for Computational Biology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Guillaume Bourque
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Canadian Center for Computational Genomics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Institute for the Advanced Study of Human Biology (WPI-ASHBi), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Mark J P Chaisson
- Department of Quantitative and Computational Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Paul Flicek
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Adam M Phillippy
- Genome Informatics Section, Computational and Statistical Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Justin M Zook
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Evan E Eichler
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
| | - David Haussler
- Genomics Institute, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
| | - Ting Wang
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Erich D Jarvis
- Vertebrate Genome Laboratory, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics of Language, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Karen H Miga
- Genomics Institute, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Erik Garrison
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA.
| | - Tobias Marschall
- Institute for Medical Biometry and Bioinformatics, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany.
- Center for Digital Medicine, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Ira M Hall
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
- Center for Genomic Health, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
| | - Heng Li
- Department of Data Sciences, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Benedict Paten
- Genomics Institute, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, USA.
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15
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McCormick CA, Akeson S, Tavakoli S, Bloch D, Klink IN, Jain M, Rouhanifard SH. Multicellular, IVT-derived, unmodified human transcriptome for nanopore direct RNA analysis. bioRxiv 2023:2023.04.06.535889. [PMID: 37066160 PMCID: PMC10104151 DOI: 10.1101/2023.04.06.535889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
Nanopore direct RNA sequencing (DRS) enables measurements of native RNA modifications. Modification-free transcripts are an important control for DRS. Additionally, it is advantageous to have canonical transcripts from multiple cell lines to better account for human transcriptome variation. Here we generated and analyzed Nanopore DRS datasets for five human cell lines using in vitro transcribed (IVT) RNA. We compared performance statistics amongst biological replicates. We also documented nucleotide and ionic current level variation across cell lines. These data will serve as a resource to the community for RNA modification analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stuart Akeson
- Dept. of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA
| | | | - Dylan Bloch
- Dept. of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA
| | - Isabel N Klink
- Dept. of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA
| | - Miten Jain
- Dept. of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA
- Dept. of Physics, Northeastern University, Boston, MA
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16
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Kolmogorov M, Billingsley KJ, Mastoras M, Meredith M, Monlong J, Lorig-Roach R, Asri M, Jerez PA, Malik L, Dewan R, Reed X, Genner RM, Daida K, Behera S, Shafin K, Pesout T, Prabakaran J, Carnevali P, Yang J, Rhie A, Scholz SW, Traynor BJ, Miga KH, Jain M, Timp W, Phillippy AM, Chaisson M, Sedlazeck FJ, Blauwendraat C, Paten B. Scalable Nanopore sequencing of human genomes provides a comprehensive view of haplotype-resolved variation and methylation. bioRxiv 2023:2023.01.12.523790. [PMID: 36711673 PMCID: PMC9882142 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.12.523790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Long-read sequencing technologies substantially overcome the limitations of short-reads but to date have not been considered as feasible replacement at scale due to a combination of being too expensive, not scalable enough, or too error-prone. Here, we develop an efficient and scalable wet lab and computational protocol for Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT) long-read sequencing that seeks to provide a genuine alternative to short-reads for large-scale genomics projects. We applied our protocol to cell lines and brain tissue samples as part of a pilot project for the NIH Center for Alzheimer's and Related Dementias (CARD). Using a single PromethION flow cell, we can detect SNPs with F1-score better than Illumina short-read sequencing. Small indel calling remains to be difficult inside homopolymers and tandem repeats, but is comparable to Illumina calls elsewhere. Further, we can discover structural variants with F1-score comparable to state-of the-art methods involving Pacific Biosciences HiFi sequencing and trio information (but at a lower cost and greater throughput). Using ONT based phasing, we can then combine and phase small and structural variants at megabase scales. Our protocol also produces highly accurate, haplotype-specific methylation calls. Overall, this makes large-scale long-read sequencing projects feasible; the protocol is currently being used to sequence thousands of brain-based genomes as a part of the NIH CARD initiative. We provide the protocol and software as open-source integrated pipelines for generating phased variant calls and assemblies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail Kolmogorov
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, USA
| | - Kimberley J. Billingsley
- Center for Alzheimer’s and Related Dementias, National Institute on Aging and National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Mira Mastoras
- UC Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | | | - Jean Monlong
- UC Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | | | - Mobin Asri
- UC Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Pilar Alvarez Jerez
- Center for Alzheimer’s and Related Dementias, National Institute on Aging and National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Laksh Malik
- Center for Alzheimer’s and Related Dementias, National Institute on Aging and National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ramita Dewan
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Xylena Reed
- Center for Alzheimer’s and Related Dementias, National Institute on Aging and National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Rylee M. Genner
- Center for Alzheimer’s and Related Dementias, National Institute on Aging and National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kensuke Daida
- Center for Alzheimer’s and Related Dementias, National Institute on Aging and National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sairam Behera
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Kishwar Shafin
- Google LLC, 1600 Amphitheatre Pkwy, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - Trevor Pesout
- UC Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Jeshuwin Prabakaran
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | | | - Jianzhi Yang
- Department of Quantitative and Computational Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Arang Rhie
- Genome Informatics Section, Computational and Statistical Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sonja W. Scholz
- Neurodegenerative Diseases Research Unit, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, USA
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Bryan J. Traynor
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Karen H. Miga
- UC Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Miten Jain
- Department of Bioengineering, Department of Physics, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Winston Timp
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Adam M. Phillippy
- Genome Informatics Section, Computational and Statistical Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Mark Chaisson
- Department of Quantitative and Computational Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Fritz J. Sedlazeck
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Computer Science, Rice University, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Cornelis Blauwendraat
- Center for Alzheimer’s and Related Dementias, National Institute on Aging and National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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17
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De SD, Jain M, Kore S, Hooper J, Mehta V, Callan P, Shaw S, Venkateswaran R. De-Commissioning/ Explant of Durable LVAD can be Done Safely Using Manchester Criteria for LV Recovery. J Heart Lung Transplant 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2023.02.1288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
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18
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Yadav B, Prasad N, Agrawal V, Jain M, Agarwal V. WCN23-0779 Inflammatory interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy is associated with intragraft Granzyme-B+ immune cell infiltration and phosphoSMAD-3+ mediated signaling in renal transplant recipients. Kidney Int Rep 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2023.02.903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2023] Open
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19
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Lorig-Roach R, Meredith M, Monlong J, Jain M, Olsen H, McNulty B, Porubsky D, Montague T, Lucas J, Condon C, Eizenga J, Juul S, McKenzie S, Simmonds SE, Park J, Asri M, Koren S, Eichler E, Axel R, Martin B, Carnevali P, Miga K, Paten B. Phased nanopore assembly with Shasta and modular graph phasing with GFAse. bioRxiv 2023:2023.02.21.529152. [PMID: 36865218 PMCID: PMC9980101 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.21.529152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
As a step towards simplifying and reducing the cost of haplotype resolved de novo assembly, we describe new methods for accurately phasing nanopore data with the Shasta genome assembler and a modular tool for extending phasing to the chromosome scale called GFAse. We test using new variants of Oxford Nanopore Technologies' (ONT) PromethION sequencing, including those using proximity ligation and show that newer, higher accuracy ONT reads substantially improve assembly quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Lorig-Roach
- UC Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Melissa Meredith
- UC Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Jean Monlong
- UC Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Miten Jain
- Department of Bioengineering, Department of Physics, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hugh Olsen
- UC Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Brandy McNulty
- UC Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - David Porubsky
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Tessa Montague
- The Mortimer B. Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Department of Neuroscience, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA & Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Julian Lucas
- UC Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Chris Condon
- UC Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Jordan Eizenga
- UC Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Jimin Park
- UC Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Mobin Asri
- UC Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Sergey Koren
- Genome Informatics Section, Computational and Statistical Genomics Branch, National Human Genome & Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Evan Eichler
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA & Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Richard Axel
- The Mortimer B. Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Department of Neuroscience, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA & Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Bruce Martin
- Chan Zuckerberg Initiative Foundation, Redwood City, CA, USA
| | - Paolo Carnevali
- Chan Zuckerberg Initiative Foundation, Redwood City, CA, USA
| | - Karen Miga
- UC Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Benedict Paten
- UC Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
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20
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Jain M, Mishra A, Shyam H, Yadav V, Ramakant P, Mishra S, Kumar S. 287P Long-term yoga enhances the quality of life and symptomatic scale in breast cancer patients undergoing treatment. Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.10.313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
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21
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Jarvis ED, Formenti G, Rhie A, Guarracino A, Yang C, Wood J, Tracey A, Thibaud-Nissen F, Vollger MR, Porubsky D, Cheng H, Asri M, Logsdon GA, Carnevali P, Chaisson MJP, Chin CS, Cody S, Collins J, Ebert P, Escalona M, Fedrigo O, Fulton RS, Fulton LL, Garg S, Gerton JL, Ghurye J, Granat A, Green RE, Harvey W, Hasenfeld P, Hastie A, Haukness M, Jaeger EB, Jain M, Kirsche M, Kolmogorov M, Korbel JO, Koren S, Korlach J, Lee J, Li D, Lindsay T, Lucas J, Luo F, Marschall T, Mitchell MW, McDaniel J, Nie F, Olsen HE, Olson ND, Pesout T, Potapova T, Puiu D, Regier A, Ruan J, Salzberg SL, Sanders AD, Schatz MC, Schmitt A, Schneider VA, Selvaraj S, Shafin K, Shumate A, Stitziel NO, Stober C, Torrance J, Wagner J, Wang J, Wenger A, Xiao C, Zimin AV, Zhang G, Wang T, Li H, Garrison E, Haussler D, Hall I, Zook JM, Eichler EE, Phillippy AM, Paten B, Howe K, Miga KH. Semi-automated assembly of high-quality diploid human reference genomes. Nature 2022; 611:519-531. [PMID: 36261518 PMCID: PMC9668749 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-05325-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The current human reference genome, GRCh38, represents over 20 years of effort to generate a high-quality assembly, which has benefitted society1,2. However, it still has many gaps and errors, and does not represent a biological genome as it is a blend of multiple individuals3,4. Recently, a high-quality telomere-to-telomere reference, CHM13, was generated with the latest long-read technologies, but it was derived from a hydatidiform mole cell line with a nearly homozygous genome5. To address these limitations, the Human Pangenome Reference Consortium formed with the goal of creating high-quality, cost-effective, diploid genome assemblies for a pangenome reference that represents human genetic diversity6. Here, in our first scientific report, we determined which combination of current genome sequencing and assembly approaches yield the most complete and accurate diploid genome assembly with minimal manual curation. Approaches that used highly accurate long reads and parent-child data with graph-based haplotype phasing during assembly outperformed those that did not. Developing a combination of the top-performing methods, we generated our first high-quality diploid reference assembly, containing only approximately four gaps per chromosome on average, with most chromosomes within ±1% of the length of CHM13. Nearly 48% of protein-coding genes have non-synonymous amino acid changes between haplotypes, and centromeric regions showed the highest diversity. Our findings serve as a foundation for assembling near-complete diploid human genomes at scale for a pangenome reference to capture global genetic variation from single nucleotides to structural rearrangements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erich D. Jarvis
- grid.134907.80000 0001 2166 1519Vertebrate Genome Laboratory, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY USA ,grid.413575.10000 0001 2167 1581Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD USA
| | - Giulio Formenti
- grid.134907.80000 0001 2166 1519Vertebrate Genome Laboratory, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY USA
| | - Arang Rhie
- grid.94365.3d0000 0001 2297 5165Genome Informatics Section, Computational and Statistical Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Andrea Guarracino
- grid.510779.d0000 0004 9414 6915Genomics Research Centre, Human Technopole, Viale Rita Levi-Montalcini, Milan, Italy
| | - Chentao Yang
- grid.21155.320000 0001 2034 1839BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jonathan Wood
- grid.10306.340000 0004 0606 5382Tree of Life, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cambridge, UK
| | - Alan Tracey
- grid.10306.340000 0004 0606 5382Tree of Life, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cambridge, UK
| | - Francoise Thibaud-Nissen
- grid.94365.3d0000 0001 2297 5165National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Mitchell R. Vollger
- grid.34477.330000000122986657Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA USA
| | - David Porubsky
- grid.34477.330000000122986657Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA USA
| | - Haoyu Cheng
- grid.65499.370000 0001 2106 9910Department of Data Sciences, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA USA ,grid.38142.3c000000041936754XDepartment of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | - Mobin Asri
- grid.205975.c0000 0001 0740 6917UC Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA USA
| | - Glennis A. Logsdon
- grid.34477.330000000122986657Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA USA
| | - Paolo Carnevali
- grid.507326.50000 0004 6090 4941Chan Zuckerberg Initiative, Redwood City, CA USA
| | - Mark J. P. Chaisson
- grid.42505.360000 0001 2156 6853Quantitative and Computational Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | | | - Sarah Cody
- grid.4367.60000 0001 2355 7002McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO USA
| | - Joanna Collins
- grid.10306.340000 0004 0606 5382Tree of Life, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cambridge, UK
| | - Peter Ebert
- grid.411327.20000 0001 2176 9917Institute for Medical Biometry and Bioinformatics, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Merly Escalona
- grid.205975.c0000 0001 0740 6917Department of Biomolecular Engineering, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA USA
| | - Olivier Fedrigo
- grid.134907.80000 0001 2166 1519Vertebrate Genome Laboratory, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY USA
| | - Robert S. Fulton
- grid.4367.60000 0001 2355 7002McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO USA
| | - Lucinda L. Fulton
- grid.4367.60000 0001 2355 7002McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO USA
| | - Shilpa Garg
- grid.5254.60000 0001 0674 042XDepartment of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jennifer L. Gerton
- grid.250820.d0000 0000 9420 1591Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO USA
| | - Jay Ghurye
- grid.504403.6Dovetail Genomics, Scotts Valley, CA USA
| | | | - Richard E. Green
- grid.205975.c0000 0001 0740 6917UC Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA USA
| | - William Harvey
- grid.34477.330000000122986657Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA USA
| | - Patrick Hasenfeld
- grid.4709.a0000 0004 0495 846XEuropean Molecular Biology Laboratory, Genome Biology Unit, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alex Hastie
- grid.470262.50000 0004 0473 1353Bionano Genomics, San Diego, CA USA
| | - Marina Haukness
- grid.205975.c0000 0001 0740 6917UC Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA USA
| | - Erich B. Jaeger
- grid.185669.50000 0004 0507 3954Illumina, Inc., San Diego, CA USA
| | - Miten Jain
- grid.205975.c0000 0001 0740 6917UC Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA USA
| | - Melanie Kirsche
- grid.21107.350000 0001 2171 9311Department of Computer Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD USA
| | - Mikhail Kolmogorov
- grid.266100.30000 0001 2107 4242Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA USA
| | - Jan O. Korbel
- grid.4709.a0000 0004 0495 846XEuropean Molecular Biology Laboratory, Genome Biology Unit, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sergey Koren
- grid.94365.3d0000 0001 2297 5165Genome Informatics Section, Computational and Statistical Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Jonas Korlach
- grid.423340.20000 0004 0640 9878Pacific Biosciences, Menlo Park, CA USA
| | - Joyce Lee
- grid.470262.50000 0004 0473 1353Bionano Genomics, San Diego, CA USA
| | - Daofeng Li
- grid.4367.60000 0001 2355 7002Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO USA ,grid.4367.60000 0001 2355 7002The Edison Family Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO USA
| | - Tina Lindsay
- grid.4367.60000 0001 2355 7002McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO USA
| | - Julian Lucas
- grid.205975.c0000 0001 0740 6917UC Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA USA
| | - Feng Luo
- grid.26090.3d0000 0001 0665 0280School of Computing, Clemson University, Clemson, SC USA
| | - Tobias Marschall
- grid.411327.20000 0001 2176 9917Institute for Medical Biometry and Bioinformatics, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Matthew W. Mitchell
- grid.282012.b0000 0004 0627 5048Coriell Institute for Medical Research, Camden, NJ USA
| | - Jennifer McDaniel
- grid.94225.38000000012158463XMaterial Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD USA
| | - Fan Nie
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Hunan Provincial Key Lab on Bioinformatics, School of Computer Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hugh E. Olsen
- grid.205975.c0000 0001 0740 6917UC Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA USA
| | - Nathan D. Olson
- grid.94225.38000000012158463XMaterial Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD USA
| | - Trevor Pesout
- grid.205975.c0000 0001 0740 6917UC Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA USA
| | - Tamara Potapova
- grid.250820.d0000 0000 9420 1591Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO USA
| | - Daniela Puiu
- grid.21107.350000 0001 2171 9311Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD USA
| | - Allison Regier
- grid.511991.40000 0004 4910 5831DNAnexus, Mountain View, CA USA
| | - Jue Ruan
- grid.410727.70000 0001 0526 1937Agricultural Genomics Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Steven L. Salzberg
- grid.21107.350000 0001 2171 9311Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD USA
| | - Ashley D. Sanders
- grid.419491.00000 0001 1014 0849Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael C. Schatz
- grid.21107.350000 0001 2171 9311Department of Computer Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD USA
| | | | - Valerie A. Schneider
- grid.94365.3d0000 0001 2297 5165National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD USA
| | | | - Kishwar Shafin
- grid.205975.c0000 0001 0740 6917UC Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA USA
| | - Alaina Shumate
- grid.21107.350000 0001 2171 9311Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD USA
| | - Nathan O. Stitziel
- grid.4367.60000 0001 2355 7002McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO USA ,grid.4367.60000 0001 2355 7002Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO USA ,grid.4367.60000 0001 2355 7002Cardiovascular Division, John T. Milliken Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, USA
| | - Catherine Stober
- grid.4709.a0000 0004 0495 846XEuropean Molecular Biology Laboratory, Genome Biology Unit, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - James Torrance
- grid.10306.340000 0004 0606 5382Tree of Life, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cambridge, UK
| | - Justin Wagner
- grid.94225.38000000012158463XMaterial Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD USA
| | - Jianxin Wang
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Hunan Provincial Key Lab on Bioinformatics, School of Computer Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Aaron Wenger
- grid.423340.20000 0004 0640 9878Pacific Biosciences, Menlo Park, CA USA
| | - Chuanle Xiao
- grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XState Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Aleksey V. Zimin
- grid.21107.350000 0001 2171 9311Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD USA
| | - Guojie Zhang
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XCenter for Evolutionary & Organismal Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ting Wang
- grid.4367.60000 0001 2355 7002McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO USA ,grid.4367.60000 0001 2355 7002Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO USA ,grid.4367.60000 0001 2355 7002The Edison Family Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO USA
| | - Heng Li
- grid.65499.370000 0001 2106 9910Department of Data Sciences, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA USA
| | - Erik Garrison
- grid.267301.10000 0004 0386 9246Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN USA
| | - David Haussler
- grid.413575.10000 0001 2167 1581Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD USA ,grid.205975.c0000 0001 0740 6917Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA USA
| | - Ira Hall
- grid.47100.320000000419368710Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT USA
| | - Justin M. Zook
- grid.94225.38000000012158463XMaterial Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD USA
| | - Evan E. Eichler
- grid.413575.10000 0001 2167 1581Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD USA ,grid.34477.330000000122986657Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA USA
| | - Adam M. Phillippy
- grid.94365.3d0000 0001 2297 5165Genome Informatics Section, Computational and Statistical Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Benedict Paten
- grid.205975.c0000 0001 0740 6917UC Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA USA
| | - Kerstin Howe
- grid.10306.340000 0004 0606 5382Tree of Life, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cambridge, UK
| | - Karen H. Miga
- grid.205975.c0000 0001 0740 6917UC Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA USA
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Mishra A, Jain M, Kumar S. 307P Differential expression profiling of transcripts in stage IIIA non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) of smokers and non-smokers cases of north India: A geneto-environmental study. Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.10.336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
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Jain M, Mishra A, Yadav V, Shyam H, Kumar S, Ramakant P, Mishra S. Long-term yogic intervention improves the level of TNF-α, IFN-γ, MDA, and NO in breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy: A randomized control study. Eur J Cancer 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(22)01444-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Miten Jain
- Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA.
| | | | | | - Mark Akeson
- University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, USA.
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Cybulski T, Klug Z, Nelson R, Sala M, Diaz E, Lu Z, Misharin A, Jain M. 427 Persistence of cell type–specific transcriptomic changes in the nasal epithelium of people with cystic fibrosis receiving cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator modulators. J Cyst Fibros 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(22)01117-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Gadde A, Jha P, Bansal S, Rana A, Bansal D, Yadav D, Jain M, Mahapatra A, Sethi S, Kher V. POS-095 ARE ABO INCOMPATIBLE KIDNEY TRANSPLANT RECIPIENTS AT HIGHER RISK OF INFECTIONS?-A SINGLE CENTER EXPERIENCE. Kidney Int Rep 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2022.07.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Jain K, Jain M. O-232 Art of fibroid removal in patients with infertility. Hum Reprod 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deac106.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Aim of myomectomy in infertile patient is to preserve and improve fertility, minimising excessive bleeding and pain. Relation ship of myoma and fertility remains debatable moreover removal of all myomas may not be helpful in improving fertility outcome thus it becomes important to decide which fibroid should be removed and which one shouldn’t be touched. Principle of minimal damage and complication should be kept in mind. Mapping of fibroid is an important step in planning the route of operation.Number and site of myoma decides the approach. A preoperative meticulous TVS examination supplemented by TAS specially in large and multiple fibroids is extremely helpful in decision making. it is also important to preoperative differentiation of adenomyosis and fibroid to avoid a surprise element and excessive bleeding during removal. Use of colour flow may be helpful in differentiating. Use of 3-D is important specially in borderline sub mucous myoma. Extent of myoma in to uterine cavity is very important to decide the route of operation. various classifications have attempted to simplify the decision making but combining usg and hysteroscopy is the best way to decide. it is also important to diagnose a large intramural myoma touching the junctional zone. Instilling methylene blue before operation to outline the cavity during surgery in case of accidental entry is a good practice. using intraoperative ultrasound while tackling a large intracavitary fibroid having more than 75% extent in intra myometrial region may be helpful in complete removal.
The placement of the optical and secondary ports determines the degree of ergonomic surgery performance, time and difficulty of myoma enucleation, and the ease of suturing. reducing the bleeding during enucleation, dissection in the right plane, minimal use of cautery and proper suturing and closure avoiding any haematoma formation are key points for a successful myomectomy. Use of diluted vasopressin is very effective in making the surgery blood less. So also the use of bipolar in coagulating the large blood vessels. Using bipolar diathermy, a dissecting grasper, and a suction cannula, meticulous exploration of the dissection field can more efficiently detect and coagulate any actively bleeding vessels. Slow rotation of the bevelled morcellator and good control of the bag could reduce de novo myoma and endometriosis. The surgery outcome and the risk of intraoperative complications are highly dependent on trocar placement, finding of the correct cleavage plane, haemostasis, and suturing technique. Flap technique is an innovative approach for removing small fibroid near junctional zone. Good surgery with respect to minimal destruction and handling of the healthy tissue, avoiding unnecessary organ manipulation, controlled bleeding, minimal coagulation, and reasonable operating time remain the best ways to diminish the risk of adhesion formation.It is very important to preserve the cavity, minimal adhesion formation and perfect suturing avoiding dead spaces and haematoma formation for a successful out come in infertile patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Jain
- Jain- Kuldeep, department of reproductive medicine - KJIVF and Laparoscopy center, DELHI , India
| | - M Jain
- KJIVF and Laparoscopy center, dept of reproductive medicine , Delhi, India
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Magrey M, Jain M, Ranza R, Stigler J, Mcdearmon-Blondell E, Yue C, Padilla B, Kaufmann C, Mcgonagle D. POS1057 IMPACT OF RISANKIZUMAB ON ENTHESITIS AND ASSOCIATED PAIN: POOLED RESULTS FROM THE PHASE 3, RANDOMIZED, DOUBLE-BLIND KEEPsAKE 1 AND 2 TRIALS. Ann Rheum Dis 2022. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.3161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BackgroundControlling or improving musculoskeletal disease activity of psoriatic arthritis (PsA) (eg, enthesitis and associated pain) is a treatment priority for patients, rheumatologists, and dermatologists.1 Enthesitis is the cardinal lesion in PsA and is immunogenetically and experimentally linked to the interleukin-23 (IL-23) pathway.2 Risankizumab (RZB), a humanized immunoglobulin G1 monoclonal antibody that specifically inhibits IL-23 by binding to its p19 subunit, was studied in a phase 3 adult PsA program (KEEPsAKE clinical trials).3,4 Pooled analyses from the program demonstrated the efficacy of RZB to treat enthesitis and pain associated with PsA, and increase the proportion of patients whose enthesitis resolved compared with placebo (PBO) in those patients who had an inadequate response or intolerance to ≥1 conventional synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (KEEPsAKE 1 and 2) and/or ≤ 2 biological therapies (KEEPsAKE 2).ObjectivesTo investigate whether patients without enthesitis at baseline (BL) (Leeds Enthesitis Index [LEI] = 0 at BL) remained enthesitis-free through week (W) 52, patients with enthesitis at BL (LEI > 0 at BL) had resolution of enthesitis through W52, and if greater pain relief was achieved with RZB 150 mg in patients with enthesitis at BL vs PBO up to W24.MethodsThe study design and primary results of KEEPsAKE 1 (NCT03675308) and KEEPsAKE 2 (NCT03671148) have been previously reported.3,4 Briefly, patients were randomized to receive RZB 150 mg or PBO subcutaneously at weeks 0, 4, and 16 during a 24-week, double-blind treatment period; at W28 all patients received open label RZB 150 mg. For this post hoc analysis, the RZB 150 mg and PBO groups were pooled across the 2 studies. Pain reductions (as measured by change from BL in visual analogue scale [VAS] scores) were assessed at each time point through W24 among patients with enthesitis at BL (LEI > 0 at BL) using mixed-effect model repeated measurement analysis. Additional enthesitis analyses were calculated on the data as observed.ResultsAcross the pooled population, over 60% of patients in each treatment group had enthesitis at BL (RZB=444/707 [63%]; PBO=448/700 [64%]). Conversely, 37% (263/707) and 36% (252/700) had no enthesitis (LEI=0) at BL among those randomized to RZB and PBO, respectively. Among enthesitis-free patients at BL (LEI=0 at BL), 84.7% on PBO and 90% on RZB remained free of enthesitis through W24; by W52, approximately 93% of patients in both groups (RZB and PBO to RZB) remained enthesitis free. A numerically higher proportion of patients with enthesitis at BL (LEI > 0 at BL) treated with RZB (52.1%) achieved an enthesitis-free state at W24 vs PBO (41.8%); similar proportions achieved an enthesitis-free state at W36 and W52 during open label treatment (Figure 1). Among patients with enthesitis at BL, a significantly greater improvement in VAS pain scores was observed in patients treated with RZB 150 mg vs PBO, as early as W4 (P < .01) and increased through W24 (Figure 1; P < .001).Figure 1.ConclusionLong-term maintenance of an enthesitis-free state (LEI = 0) was similar between the RZB 150 mg and PBO groups, with approximately 93% of patients remaining free of enthesitis at W52. For LEI > 0 patients, the RZB 150-mg group had numerically more patients whose enthesitis resolved at W24, and similar proportions were observed at W52 after the open label switch. Patients with enthesitis at BL treated with RZB 150 mg had statistically greater improvements in pain compared with patients taking PBO starting at W4 through to W24.References[1]Orbai A-M, et al. Ann Rheum Dis. 2017;76:673–680.[2]Stavre Z, et al. Arthritis Res Ther. 2022;24(1):24.[3]Kristensen LE, et al. Ann Rheum Dis. 2021;0:1–7.[4]Östör A, et al. Ann Rheum Dis. 2021;0:1–8.AcknowledgementsAbbVie Inc. participated in the study design; study research; collection, analysis, and interpretation of data; and writing, reviewing, and approving this abstract for submission. All authors had access to the data; participated in the development, review, and approval of the abstract; and agreed to submit this abstract to EULAR 2022 for consideration as a poster or oral presentation. No honoraria or payments were made for authorship. AbbVie and the authors thank all study investigators for their contributions and the patients who participated in this study. AbbVie funded the research for this study and provided writing support for this abstract. Medical writing assistance, funded by AbbVie, was provided by Kersten Reich, MPH, and Nancy Niguidula, DPH, of JB Ashtin.Disclosure of InterestsMarina Magrey Consultant of: MM has received consulting fees from UCB, Novartis, Eli Lilly, Pfizer, and Janssen., Grant/research support from: MM received research grants from Amgen, AbbVie, and UCB Pharma, Manish Jain Consultant of: MJ received consulting fees from Amgen, Abbvie, Eli Lilly, Pfizer, and Novartis., Grant/research support from: MJ received research support from Amgen, Abbvie, Eli Lilly, Pfizer, and Novartis., R Ranza Speakers bureau: RR is a member of speaker bureaus for AbbVie, Janssen, Novartis, and Pfizer, Consultant of: RR is a consultant for AbbVie, Janssen, Novartis, and Pfizer, Jayne Stigler Shareholder of: JS may hold AbbVie stock or stock options., Employee of: JS is a full-time employee of AbbVie., Erin McDearmon-Blondell Shareholder of: EMB may hold AbbVie stock or stock options., Employee of: EMB is a full-time employee of AbbVie., Cuiyong Yue Shareholder of: CY may hold AbbVie stock or stock options., Employee of: CY is a full-time employee of AbbVie., Byron Padilla Shareholder of: BP may hold AbbVie stock or stock options., Employee of: BP is a full-time employee of AbbVie., Christian Kaufmann Shareholder of: CK may hold AbbVie stock or stock options., Employee of: CK is a full-time employee of AbbVie., Dennis McGonagle Speakers bureau: DM is a member of speaker bureaus for AbbVie, Janssen, Novartis, and Pfizer., Grant/research support from: DM received research grants from AbbVie, Janssen, Novartis, and Pfizer, UCB, BMS, Celgene.
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Jain M, Sala M, Markov N, Politanska Y, Abdala-Valencia H, Misharin A. P018 People with cystic fibrosis do not show an increased interferonresponse transcriptomic signature in nasal epithelial cells. J Cyst Fibros 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(22)00351-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Fleischmann RM, Bessette L, Sparks J, Hall S, Jain M, Kakehasi A, Song Y, Meerwein S, Demasi R, Suboticki J, Rubbert-Roth A. POS0683 EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF UPADACITINIB IN TNFi-IR PATIENTS WITH RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS FROM THREE PHASE 3 CLINICAL TRIALS. Ann Rheum Dis 2022. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.1800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BackgroundFor patients with RA who are refractory to biologic DMARDs (bDMARDs), such as tumor necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFis), optimal disease control is less likely to be achieved with subsequent therapy.1 In line with recommendations from EULAR and ACR, switching to a treatment with a different mechanism of action is appropriate for these patients.ObjectivesTo describe the efficacy and safety of upadacitinib (UPA) 15 mg once daily in patients with RA and an inadequate response or intolerance to TNFis (TNFi-IR).MethodsA post hoc subgroup analysis was conducted in TNFi-IR patients who were treated with UPA 15 mg once daily in three Phase 3 clinical trials: SELECT-BEYOND,2 -CHOICE,3 and -COMPARE.4 For COMPARE, only patients treated with adalimumab and switched to UPA as rescue therapy were included. ≥20/50/70% improvement in ACR criteria, DAS28(CRP), CDAI, and SDAI, as well as change from baseline in HAQ-DI and other patient-reported outcomes (PROs) were reported through 24 weeks. Non-responder imputation was used for all missing categorical outcomes; as observed (COMPARE) or multiple imputation (CHOICE, BEYOND) were used for missing continuous outcomes. Pooled safety results were presented as exposure-adjusted event rates (EAERs) with a cut-off of June 30, 2021.Results568 TNFi-IR patients were included: 146 from BEYOND, 263 from CHOICE, and 159 from COMPARE. Mean duration since RA diagnosis was longer for BEYOND and CHOICE versus COMPARE; cardiovascular (CV) risk factors were common among this refractory population (Table 1). ACR20/50/70 and disease activity outcomes observed in the TNFi-IR population were generally consistent with the overall BEYOND2 and CHOICE3 bDMARD-IR populations, and consistent across the three studies in the TNFi-IR subgroups (Figure 1). Improvements in PROs including HAQ-DI, fatigue, pain, and morning stiffness over 24 weeks were observed (data not shown). Pooled safety results reporting 1574.8 patient-years (PY) of exposure in the TNFi-IR subgroup showed similar results to the overall BEYOND2 and CHOICE3 bDMARD-IR study populations, with EAERs of 3.1 events/100 PY for herpes zoster and 0.8 events/100 PY for adjudicated major adverse CV events, adjudicated venous thromboembolism (VTE), and malignancy excluding non-melanoma skin cancer. The EAER of any AE leading to death was 1.4 events/100 PY.Table 1.Baseline characteristics of TNFi-IR patients treated with UPA 15 mgn (%), unless specifiedSELECT-BEYOND (n=146)SELECT-CHOICE (n=263)SELECT-COMPARE (ADA → UPA) (n=159)Female122 (83.6)219 (83.3)133 (83.6)Mean (SD) age, years56.6 (11.0)55.5 (11.1)53.9 (10.6)Mean (SD) duration of RA diagnosis, years13.2 (9.5)12.5 (9.4)8.2 (8.5)Concomitant csDMARDs MTX alone100 (70.4)195 (74.1)159 (100.0) MTX and other csDMARDs20 (14.1)25 (9.5)0 csDMARDs other than MTX22 (15.5)38 (14.4)0Concomitant oral steroids73 (50.0)140 (53.2)98 (61.6)1 prior bDMARD68 (46.6)172 (65.4)142 (89.3)2 prior bDMARDs40 (27.4)62 (23.6)17 (10.7)a≥3 prior bDMARDs38 (26.0)29 (11.0)0Failed ≥1 prior TNFi due to lack of efficacyb131 (89.7)223 (84.8)159 (100.0)History of VTE / CV event3 (2.1) / 28 (19.2)6 (2.3) / 20 (7.6)4 (2.5) / 14 (8.8)CV risk factors Hypertension72 (49.3)109 (41.4)68 (42.8) Diabetes mellitus22 (15.1)34 (12.9)17 (10.7) Smoking (current former past)68 (46.6)109 (41.5)55 (34.6) Elevated LDL-C (≥3.36 mmol/L)38 (26.0)52 (20.0)48 (30.2) Low HDL-C (≤1.55 mmol/L)80 (54.8)171 (65.0)88 (55.3)aThese patients received one bDMARD before entry into SELECT-COMPARE.bRemaining patients were intolerant to ≥1 prior TNFi.ConclusionIn this post hoc subgroup analysis, TNFi-IR patients treated with UPA 15 mg achieved clinically meaningful efficacy responses over 24 weeks, with safety consistent with the overall bDMARD-IR patient population in the Phase 3 program.References[1]Rendas-Baum R, et al. Arthritis Res Ther 2011;13:R25;[2]Genovese C, et al. Lancet 2018;391:2513–24;[3]Rubbert-Roth A, et al. NEJM 2020;383:1511–21;[4]Fleischmann R, et al. Ann Rheum Dis 2019;78:1454–62.AcknowledgementsAbbVie funded this study; contributed to its design; participated in data collection, analysis, and interpretation of the data; and participated in the writing, review, and approval of the abstract. AbbVie and the authors thank all study investigators for their contributions and the patients who participated in this study. No honoraria or payments were made for authorship. Medical writing support was provided by Amy Wilson, MSc, of 2 the Nth (Cheshire, UK), and was funded by AbbVie.Disclosure of InterestsRoy M. Fleischmann Consultant of: AbbVie, Amgen, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Eli Lilly, Galvani, Gilead, GSK, Janssen, Novartis, Pfizer, and UCB, Grant/research support from: AbbVie, Amgen, Biosplice, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Flexion, Gilead, Horizon, Eli Lilly, Galvani, Janssen, Novartis, Pfizer, Sanofi-Aventis, Selecta, Teva, UCB, Viela, and Vorso, Louis Bessette Speakers bureau: AbbVie, Amgen, Bristol-Meyers Squibb, Celgene, Eli Lilly, Fresenius Kabi, Gilead, Janssen, Merck, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, Sanofi-Aventis, Teva, and UCB, Consultant of: AbbVie, Amgen, Bristol-Meyers Squibb, Celgene, Eli Lilly, Fresenius Kabi, Gilead, Janssen, Merck, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, Sanofi-Aventis, Teva, and UCB, Grant/research support from: AbbVie, Amgen, Bristol-Meyers Squibb, Celgene, Eli Lilly, Fresenius Kabi, Gilead, Janssen, Merck, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, Sanofi-Aventis, Teva, and UCB, Jeffrey Sparks Consultant of: AbbVie, Amgen, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Gilead, Inova Diagnostics, Janssen, Optum, and Pfizer, Stephen Hall Consultant of: AbbVie, Amgen, Bristol-Meyers Sqibb, Eli Lilly, Gilead, Janssen, Merck, Novartis, and UCB, Grant/research support from: AbbVie, Amgen, Bristol-Meyers Sqibb, Eli Lilly, Gilead, Janssen, Merck, Novartis, and UCB, Manish Jain Consultant of: AbbVie, Amgen, Eli Lilly, Novartis, and Pfizer, Grant/research support from: AbbVie, Amgen, Eli Lilly, Novartis, and Pfizer, Adriana Kakehasi Speakers bureau: AbbVie, Amgen, Eli Lilly, Fresenius Kabi, Janssen, Novartis, Pfizer, Sandoz, and UCB, Consultant of: AbbVie, Amgen, Eli Lilly, Fresenius Kabi, Janssen, Novartis, Pfizer, Sandoz, and UCB, Grant/research support from: AbbVie, Amgen, Eli Lilly, Fresenius Kabi, Janssen, Novartis, Pfizer, Sandoz, and UCB, Yanna Song Shareholder of: AbbVie (may own stock or options), Employee of: AbbVie, Sebastian Meerwein Shareholder of: AbbVie (may own stock or options), Employee of: AbbVie, Ryan DeMasi Shareholder of: AbbVie (may own stock or options), Employee of: AbbVie, Jessica Suboticki Shareholder of: AbbVie (may own stock or options), Employee of: AbbVie, Andrea Rubbert-Roth Consultant of: AbbVie, AbbVie Deutschland, Amgen, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Chugai Pharmaceuticals, Eli Lilly, F. Hoffman-La Roche, Gilead Sciences, Janssen Global Services, Novartis, and Sanofi Pasteur
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Alotaibi M, Coras R, Pappas DA, Kremer JM, Thiele G, Mikuls T, Jain M, Guma M. POS0506 DIFFERENT BIOACTIVE LIPID PROFILES PREDICT RESPONSE TO TNF OR IL6 INHIBITORS IN RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS: RESULT OF THE CorEvitas CERTAIN COMPARATIVE EFFECTIVENESS STUDY. Ann Rheum Dis 2022. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BackgroundCirculating bioactive lipids can provide information about the pathogenesis of specific diseases and potentially help predict therapeutic response. Choosing the right biological therapy earlier in the course of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) could help reach the goal of remission.ObjectivesWe hypothesized that circulating bioactive lipids at baseline would identify specific metabolic profiles that predict patient response to therapy and define elements of metabolic pathobiology in arthritis.MethodsBioactive lipids were measured in plasma from two cohorts of RA patients from the CorEvitas (formerly known as Corrona) CERTAIN registry (1) at baseline prior to treatment with TNF inhibitors (all biologic naïve, N=102) or anti-IL6 (all previously exposed to biologics, N=114). Response to treatment was categorized by minimal clinically important difference (MCID) in Clinical Disease Activity Index (CDAI) (2) at 6 months after treatment initiation. Patients had to have a 6 month follow up visit and plasma available at both the baseline and the f/u time points. Liquid chromatography (LC) system coupled with high resolution QExactive orbitrap mass spectrometer (LC/MS) was used for bioactive lipids profiling. Around 300 spectral features were identified as potential oxylipins by searching against an in-house MS/MS library. Logistic regression analyses adjusted for gender, age and BMI was perfomed using R software.Results102 patients (average age 54, standard deviation [SD] 12.6, 82% female [83], average BMI 29.7, SD 6.7, average CDAI 27.1, SD 13.7) starting anti-TNF therapy and 114 patients (average age 57, SD 13, 90% female [102], average BMI 30.5, SD 7.4, average CDAI 28.7, SD 13.8) starting tocilizumab were analyzed. Twenty-five bioactive metabolites discriminated between RA patients classified as anti-TNF responders (R, n = 74) and non-responders (NR, n = 28). Among these, the anti-inflammatory oxylipin maresin 2 was higher in R while the pro-inflammatory oxylipins 15d PGJ2 and 5,6-diHETE were higher in NR. Twenty different metabolites discriminated anti-IL6 R (n=73) and NR (n=41) as shown in Figure 1. The anti-inflammatory oxylipin 14-15EET was higher in R while the pro-inflammatory oxylipins 16-HETE and 5S-HpETE were higher in NR.Figure 1.Volcano plots visualizing baseline metabolites associated with responders vs. non responders in a) anti-TNF and b) anti IL-6 therapy groups. Results are derived from multivariate logistic regression analysis of baseline metabolites and response to treatment categorized by MCID. Data plotted as the metabolite against its statistical significance, respectively reported as odds ratio (OR) and -log10(pvalue).ConclusionCirculating bioactive lipid analysis using LC/MS provided a rapid analysis of a wide range of metabolites and can be used to describe metabolic signatures that predict response to therapies. These results lay the groundwork for more deliberate investigations novel metabolic-based interventions to predict response to therapy and reduce arthritis morbidity.References[1]Pappas DA, Kremer JM, Reed G, Greenberg JD, Curtis JR. Design characteristics of the CORRONA CERTAIN study: a comparative effectiveness study of biologic agents for rheumatoid arthritis patients. BMC Musculoskeletal Disord 2014; 15: 113[2]Curtis JR, Yang S, Chen L, Pope JE, Keystone EC, Haraoui B, Boire G, Thorne JC, Tin D, Hitchon CA, Bingham CO 3rd, Bykerk VP. Determining the Minimally Important Difference in the Clinical Disease Activity Index for Improvement and Worsening in Early Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2015 Oct;67(10):1345-53. doi: 10.1002/acr.22606. PMID: 25988705; PMCID: PMC4580563.Disclosure of InterestsMona Alotaibi: None declared, Roxana Coras: None declared, Dimitrios A Pappas Speakers bureau: Sanofi, Novartis, Paid instructor for: Novartis, Consultant of: Roche, Sanofi, Joel M Kremer Speakers bureau: Pfizer, Consultant of: BMS, Geoffrey Thiele: None declared, Ted Mikuls Consultant of: Pfizer, Gilead, BMS, Sanofi, Mohit Jain Employee of: Sapient Bio, Monica Guma Grant/research support from: Pfizer, Novartis.
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Olson ND, Wagner J, McDaniel J, Stephens SH, Westreich ST, Prasanna AG, Johanson E, Boja E, Maier EJ, Serang O, Jáspez D, Lorenzo-Salazar JM, Muñoz-Barrera A, Rubio-Rodríguez LA, Flores C, Kyriakidis K, Malousi A, Shafin K, Pesout T, Jain M, Paten B, Chang PC, Kolesnikov A, Nattestad M, Baid G, Goel S, Yang H, Carroll A, Eveleigh R, Bourgey M, Bourque G, Li G, Ma C, Tang L, Du Y, Zhang S, Morata J, Tonda R, Parra G, Trotta JR, Brueffer C, Demirkaya-Budak S, Kabakci-Zorlu D, Turgut D, Kalay Ö, Budak G, Narcı K, Arslan E, Brown R, Johnson IJ, Dolgoborodov A, Semenyuk V, Jain A, Tetikol HS, Jain V, Ruehle M, Lajoie B, Roddey C, Catreux S, Mehio R, Ahsan MU, Liu Q, Wang K, Ebrahim Sahraeian SM, Fang LT, Mohiyuddin M, Hung C, Jain C, Feng H, Li Z, Chen L, Sedlazeck FJ, Zook JM. PrecisionFDA Truth Challenge V2: Calling variants from short and long reads in difficult-to-map regions. Cell Genom 2022; 2:S2666-979X(22)00058-1. [PMID: 35720974 PMCID: PMC9205427 DOI: 10.1016/j.xgen.2022.100129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The precisionFDA Truth Challenge V2 aimed to assess the state of the art of variant calling in challenging genomic regions. Starting with FASTQs, 20 challenge participants applied their variant-calling pipelines and submitted 64 variant call sets for one or more sequencing technologies (Illumina, PacBio HiFi, and Oxford Nanopore Technologies). Submissions were evaluated following best practices for benchmarking small variants with updated Genome in a Bottle benchmark sets and genome stratifications. Challenge submissions included numerous innovative methods, with graph-based and machine learning methods scoring best for short-read and long-read datasets, respectively. With machine learning approaches, combining multiple sequencing technologies performed particularly well. Recent developments in sequencing and variant calling have enabled benchmarking variants in challenging genomic regions, paving the way for the identification of previously unknown clinically relevant variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan D. Olson
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Dr, MS8312, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA
| | - Justin Wagner
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Dr, MS8312, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA
| | - Jennifer McDaniel
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Dr, MS8312, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA
| | | | | | | | - Elaine Johanson
- Office of Health Informatics, Office of the Chief Scientist, Office of the Commissioner, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Emily Boja
- Office of Health Informatics, Office of the Chief Scientist, Office of the Commissioner, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Ezekiel J. Maier
- Booz Allen Hamilton, 8283 Greensboro Drive, Mclean, VA 22102, USA
| | - Omar Serang
- DNAnexus, Inc., 1975 W El Camino Real #204, Mountain View, CA 94040, USA
| | - David Jáspez
- Genomics Division, Instituto Tecnológico y de Energías Renovables (ITER), Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - José M. Lorenzo-Salazar
- Genomics Division, Instituto Tecnológico y de Energías Renovables (ITER), Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - Adrián Muñoz-Barrera
- Genomics Division, Instituto Tecnológico y de Energías Renovables (ITER), Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - Luis A. Rubio-Rodríguez
- Genomics Division, Instituto Tecnológico y de Energías Renovables (ITER), Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - Carlos Flores
- Genomics Division, Instituto Tecnológico y de Energías Renovables (ITER), Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Research Unit, Hospital Universitario N.S. de Candelaria, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
- Instituto de Tecnologías Biomédicas (ITB), Universidad de La Laguna, 38200 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain
| | - Konstantinos Kyriakidis
- School of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (AUTH), 541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece
- Genomics and Epigenomics Translational Research (GENeTres), Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation, 570 01 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Andigoni Malousi
- Genomics and Epigenomics Translational Research (GENeTres), Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation, 570 01 Thessaloniki, Greece
- Laboratory of Biological Chemistry, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (AUTH), 541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Kishwar Shafin
- UC Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, University of California, Santa Cruz, 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Trevor Pesout
- UC Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, University of California, Santa Cruz, 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Miten Jain
- UC Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, University of California, Santa Cruz, 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Benedict Paten
- UC Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, University of California, Santa Cruz, 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Pi-Chuan Chang
- Google Inc, 1600 Amphitheater Pkwy, Mountain View, CA 94040, USA
| | | | - Maria Nattestad
- Google Inc, 1600 Amphitheater Pkwy, Mountain View, CA 94040, USA
| | - Gunjan Baid
- Google Inc, 1600 Amphitheater Pkwy, Mountain View, CA 94040, USA
| | - Sidharth Goel
- Google Inc, 1600 Amphitheater Pkwy, Mountain View, CA 94040, USA
| | - Howard Yang
- Google Inc, 1600 Amphitheater Pkwy, Mountain View, CA 94040, USA
| | - Andrew Carroll
- Google Inc, 1600 Amphitheater Pkwy, Mountain View, CA 94040, USA
| | - Robert Eveleigh
- The Canadian Center for Computational Genomics (C3G), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Mathieu Bourgey
- The Canadian Center for Computational Genomics (C3G), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Guillaume Bourque
- The Canadian Center for Computational Genomics (C3G), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Gen Li
- HuXinDao, QingZhuHu TaiYangShan Road, KaiFu, ChangSha, HuNan, China
| | - ChouXian Ma
- HuXinDao, QingZhuHu TaiYangShan Road, KaiFu, ChangSha, HuNan, China
| | - LinQi Tang
- HuXinDao, QingZhuHu TaiYangShan Road, KaiFu, ChangSha, HuNan, China
| | - YuanPing Du
- HuXinDao, QingZhuHu TaiYangShan Road, KaiFu, ChangSha, HuNan, China
| | - ShaoWei Zhang
- HuXinDao, QingZhuHu TaiYangShan Road, KaiFu, ChangSha, HuNan, China
| | - Jordi Morata
- CNAG-CRG, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Baldiri i Reixac 4, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Raúl Tonda
- CNAG-CRG, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Baldiri i Reixac 4, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Genís Parra
- CNAG-CRG, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Baldiri i Reixac 4, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jean-Rémi Trotta
- CNAG-CRG, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Baldiri i Reixac 4, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Christian Brueffer
- Division of Oncology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | | | | | - Deniz Turgut
- Seven Bridges Genomics, Inc, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Özem Kalay
- Seven Bridges Genomics, Inc, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Gungor Budak
- Seven Bridges Genomics, Inc, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Kübra Narcı
- Seven Bridges Genomics, Inc, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Elif Arslan
- Seven Bridges Genomics, Inc, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Amit Jain
- Seven Bridges Genomics, Inc, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Mian Umair Ahsan
- Raymond G. Perelman Center for Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Qian Liu
- Raymond G. Perelman Center for Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Kai Wang
- Raymond G. Perelman Center for Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | | | - Li Tai Fang
- Roche Sequencing Solutions, Santa Clara, CA 95050, USA
| | | | | | - Chirag Jain
- National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | | | | | - Fritz J. Sedlazeck
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Justin M. Zook
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Dr, MS8312, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA
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Sellwood E, Kook M, Jain M. Investigating the potential of rock surface burial dating using IRPL and IRSL imaging. RADIAT MEAS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radmeas.2022.106783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Yadav A, Chopra A, Thomas S, Jain M, Anand R. T151 Hormone profile in benign breast disorder. Clin Chim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2022.04.630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Ugolini C, Mulroney L, Leger A, Castelli M, Criscuolo E, Williamson MK, Davidson AD, Almuqrin A, Giambruno R, Jain M, Frigè G, Olsen H, Tzertzinis G, Schildkraut I, Wulf MG, Corrêa IR, Ettwiller L, Clementi N, Clementi M, Mancini N, Birney E, Akeson M, Nicassio F, Matthews D, Leonardi T. Nanopore ReCappable sequencing maps SARS-CoV-2 5' capping sites and provides new insights into the structure of sgRNAs. Nucleic Acids Res 2022; 50:3475-3489. [PMID: 35244721 PMCID: PMC8989550 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkac144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The SARS-CoV-2 virus has a complex transcriptome characterised by multiple, nested subgenomic RNAsused to express structural and accessory proteins. Long-read sequencing technologies such as nanopore direct RNA sequencing can recover full-length transcripts, greatly simplifying the assembly of structurally complex RNAs. However, these techniques do not detect the 5' cap, thus preventing reliable identification and quantification of full-length, coding transcript models. Here we used Nanopore ReCappable Sequencing (NRCeq), a new technique that can identify capped full-length RNAs, to assemble a complete annotation of SARS-CoV-2 sgRNAs and annotate the location of capping sites across the viral genome. We obtained robust estimates of sgRNA expression across cell lines and viral isolates and identified novel canonical and non-canonical sgRNAs, including one that uses a previously un-annotated leader-to-body junction site. The data generated in this work constitute a useful resource for the scientific community and provide important insights into the mechanisms that regulate the transcription of SARS-CoV-2 sgRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Ugolini
- Center for Genomic Science of IIT@SEMM, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 20139 Milano, Italy
| | - Logan Mulroney
- Center for Genomic Science of IIT@SEMM, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 20139 Milano, Italy
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Hinxton, UK
- Biomolecular Engineering Department, UC Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - Adrien Leger
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Hinxton, UK
| | - Matteo Castelli
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Virology, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University; via Olgettina 58, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Criscuolo
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Virology, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University; via Olgettina 58, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Maia Kavanagh Williamson
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, University Walk, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Andrew D Davidson
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, University Walk, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Abdulaziz Almuqrin
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, University Walk, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Roberto Giambruno
- Center for Genomic Science of IIT@SEMM, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 20139 Milano, Italy
| | - Miten Jain
- Biomolecular Engineering Department, UC Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - Gianmaria Frigè
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20139 Milano, Italy
| | - Hugh Olsen
- Biomolecular Engineering Department, UC Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Nicola Clementi
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Virology, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University; via Olgettina 58, 20132 Milan, Italy
- Laboratory of Medical Microbiology and Virology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Clementi
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Virology, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University; via Olgettina 58, 20132 Milan, Italy
- Laboratory of Medical Microbiology and Virology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Nicasio Mancini
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Virology, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University; via Olgettina 58, 20132 Milan, Italy
- Laboratory of Medical Microbiology and Virology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Ewan Birney
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Hinxton, UK
| | - Mark Akeson
- Biomolecular Engineering Department, UC Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - Francesco Nicassio
- Center for Genomic Science of IIT@SEMM, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 20139 Milano, Italy
| | - David A Matthews
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, University Walk, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Tommaso Leonardi
- Center for Genomic Science of IIT@SEMM, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 20139 Milano, Italy
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Gorzynski JE, Goenka SD, Shafin K, Jensen TD, Fisk DG, Grove ME, Spiteri E, Pesout T, Monlong J, Bernstein JA, Ceresnak S, Chang PC, Christle JW, Chubb H, Dunn K, Garalde DR, Guillory J, Ruzhnikov MR, Wright C, Wusthoff CJ, Xiong K, Hollander SA, Berry GJ, Jain M, Sedlazeck FJ, Carroll A, Paten B, Ashley EA. Ultra-Rapid Nanopore Whole Genome Genetic Diagnosis of Dilated Cardiomyopathy in an Adolescent With Cardiogenic Shock. Circ Genom Precis Med 2022; 15:e003591. [DOI: 10.1161/circgen.121.003591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- John E. Gorzynski
- Stanford University, CA (J.E.G., S.D.G., T.D.J., E.S., J.A.B., S.C., J.W.C., H.C., M.R.Z.R., C.J.W., K.X., S.A.H., G.J.B., E.A.A.)
| | - Sneha D. Goenka
- Stanford University, CA (J.E.G., S.D.G., T.D.J., E.S., J.A.B., S.C., J.W.C., H.C., M.R.Z.R., C.J.W., K.X., S.A.H., G.J.B., E.A.A.)
| | - Kishwar Shafin
- University of California at Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, Santa Cruz, CA (K.S., T.P., J.M., M.J., B.P.)
| | - Tanner D. Jensen
- Stanford University, CA (J.E.G., S.D.G., T.D.J., E.S., J.A.B., S.C., J.W.C., H.C., M.R.Z.R., C.J.W., K.X., S.A.H., G.J.B., E.A.A.)
| | | | | | - Elizabeth Spiteri
- Stanford University, CA (J.E.G., S.D.G., T.D.J., E.S., J.A.B., S.C., J.W.C., H.C., M.R.Z.R., C.J.W., K.X., S.A.H., G.J.B., E.A.A.)
| | - Trevor Pesout
- University of California at Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, Santa Cruz, CA (K.S., T.P., J.M., M.J., B.P.)
| | - Jean Monlong
- University of California at Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, Santa Cruz, CA (K.S., T.P., J.M., M.J., B.P.)
| | - Jonathan A. Bernstein
- Stanford University, CA (J.E.G., S.D.G., T.D.J., E.S., J.A.B., S.C., J.W.C., H.C., M.R.Z.R., C.J.W., K.X., S.A.H., G.J.B., E.A.A.)
| | - Scott Ceresnak
- Stanford University, CA (J.E.G., S.D.G., T.D.J., E.S., J.A.B., S.C., J.W.C., H.C., M.R.Z.R., C.J.W., K.X., S.A.H., G.J.B., E.A.A.)
| | | | - Jeffrey W. Christle
- Stanford University, CA (J.E.G., S.D.G., T.D.J., E.S., J.A.B., S.C., J.W.C., H.C., M.R.Z.R., C.J.W., K.X., S.A.H., G.J.B., E.A.A.)
| | - Henry Chubb
- Stanford University, CA (J.E.G., S.D.G., T.D.J., E.S., J.A.B., S.C., J.W.C., H.C., M.R.Z.R., C.J.W., K.X., S.A.H., G.J.B., E.A.A.)
| | - Kyla Dunn
- Stanford Children’s Health, Palo Alto, CA (K.D.)
| | | | - Joseph Guillory
- Oxford Nanopore Technologies, United Kingdom (D.R.G., J.G., C.W.)
| | - Maura R.Z. Ruzhnikov
- Stanford University, CA (J.E.G., S.D.G., T.D.J., E.S., J.A.B., S.C., J.W.C., H.C., M.R.Z.R., C.J.W., K.X., S.A.H., G.J.B., E.A.A.)
| | - Chris Wright
- Oxford Nanopore Technologies, United Kingdom (D.R.G., J.G., C.W.)
| | - Courtney J. Wusthoff
- Stanford University, CA (J.E.G., S.D.G., T.D.J., E.S., J.A.B., S.C., J.W.C., H.C., M.R.Z.R., C.J.W., K.X., S.A.H., G.J.B., E.A.A.)
| | - Katherine Xiong
- Stanford University, CA (J.E.G., S.D.G., T.D.J., E.S., J.A.B., S.C., J.W.C., H.C., M.R.Z.R., C.J.W., K.X., S.A.H., G.J.B., E.A.A.)
| | - Seth A. Hollander
- Stanford University, CA (J.E.G., S.D.G., T.D.J., E.S., J.A.B., S.C., J.W.C., H.C., M.R.Z.R., C.J.W., K.X., S.A.H., G.J.B., E.A.A.)
| | - Gerald J. Berry
- Stanford University, CA (J.E.G., S.D.G., T.D.J., E.S., J.A.B., S.C., J.W.C., H.C., M.R.Z.R., C.J.W., K.X., S.A.H., G.J.B., E.A.A.)
| | - Miten Jain
- University of California at Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, Santa Cruz, CA (K.S., T.P., J.M., M.J., B.P.)
| | | | | | - Benedict Paten
- University of California at Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, Santa Cruz, CA (K.S., T.P., J.M., M.J., B.P.)
| | - Euan A. Ashley
- Stanford University, CA (J.E.G., S.D.G., T.D.J., E.S., J.A.B., S.C., J.W.C., H.C., M.R.Z.R., C.J.W., K.X., S.A.H., G.J.B., E.A.A.)
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Jain M, Seth S, Agarwal R, Verma SP. The pigmented cells in bone marrow: Metastatic malignant melanoma. INDIAN J PATHOL MICR 2022; 65:485-486. [PMID: 35435404 DOI: 10.4103/ijpm.ijpm_1444_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- M Jain
- Department of Pathology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - S Seth
- Department of Ophthalmology, Rama Medical College and Research Centre, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - R Agarwal
- Department of Clinical Haematology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - S P Verma
- Department of Clinical Haematology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Gershman A, Sauria MEG, Guitart X, Vollger MR, Hook PW, Hoyt SJ, Jain M, Shumate A, Razaghi R, Koren S, Altemose N, Caldas GV, Logsdon GA, Rhie A, Eichler EE, Schatz MC, O'Neill RJ, Phillippy AM, Miga KH, Timp W. Epigenetic patterns in a complete human genome. Science 2022; 376:eabj5089. [PMID: 35357915 PMCID: PMC9170183 DOI: 10.1126/science.abj5089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The completion of a telomere-to-telomere human reference genome, T2T-CHM13, has resolved complex regions of the genome, including repetitive and homologous regions. Here, we present a high-resolution epigenetic study of previously unresolved sequences, representing entire acrocentric chromosome short arms, gene family expansions, and a diverse collection of repeat classes. This resource precisely maps CpG methylation (32.28 million CpGs), DNA accessibility, and short-read datasets (166,058 previously unresolved chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing peaks) to provide evidence of activity across previously unidentified or corrected genes and reveals clinically relevant paralog-specific regulation. Probing CpG methylation across human centromeres from six diverse individuals generated an estimate of variability in kinetochore localization. This analysis provides a framework with which to investigate the most elusive regions of the human genome, granting insights into epigenetic regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariel Gershman
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Michael E G Sauria
- Department of Biology and Computer Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Xavi Guitart
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Mitchell R Vollger
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Paul W Hook
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Savannah J Hoyt
- Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Miten Jain
- UC Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Alaina Shumate
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Roham Razaghi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sergey Koren
- Genome Informatics Section, Computational and Statistical Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Nicolas Altemose
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Gina V Caldas
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley CA, USA
| | - Glennis A Logsdon
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Arang Rhie
- Genome Informatics Section, Computational and Statistical Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Evan E Eichler
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Michael C Schatz
- Department of Biology and Computer Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Rachel J O'Neill
- Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Adam M Phillippy
- Genome Informatics Section, Computational and Statistical Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Karen H Miga
- UC Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Winston Timp
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
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39
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Nurk S, Koren S, Rhie A, Rautiainen M, Bzikadze AV, Mikheenko A, Vollger MR, Altemose N, Uralsky L, Gershman A, Aganezov S, Hoyt SJ, Diekhans M, Logsdon GA, Alonge M, Antonarakis SE, Borchers M, Bouffard GG, Brooks SY, Caldas GV, Chen NC, Cheng H, Chin CS, Chow W, de Lima LG, Dishuck PC, Durbin R, Dvorkina T, Fiddes IT, Formenti G, Fulton RS, Fungtammasan A, Garrison E, Grady PG, Graves-Lindsay TA, Hall IM, Hansen NF, Hartley GA, Haukness M, Howe K, Hunkapiller MW, Jain C, Jain M, Jarvis ED, Kerpedjiev P, Kirsche M, Kolmogorov M, Korlach J, Kremitzki M, Li H, Maduro VV, Marschall T, McCartney AM, McDaniel J, Miller DE, Mullikin JC, Myers EW, Olson ND, Paten B, Peluso P, Pevzner PA, Porubsky D, Potapova T, Rogaev EI, Rosenfeld JA, Salzberg SL, Schneider VA, Sedlazeck FJ, Shafin K, Shew CJ, Shumate A, Sims Y, Smit AFA, Soto DC, Sović I, Storer JM, Streets A, Sullivan BA, Thibaud-Nissen F, Torrance J, Wagner J, Walenz BP, Wenger A, Wood JMD, Xiao C, Yan SM, Young AC, Zarate S, Surti U, McCoy RC, Dennis MY, Alexandrov IA, Gerton JL, O’Neill RJ, Timp W, Zook JM, Schatz MC, Eichler EE, Miga KH, Phillippy AM. The complete sequence of a human genome. Science 2022; 376:44-53. [PMID: 35357919 PMCID: PMC9186530 DOI: 10.1126/science.abj6987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 861] [Impact Index Per Article: 430.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Since its initial release in 2000, the human reference genome has covered only the euchromatic fraction of the genome, leaving important heterochromatic regions unfinished. Addressing the remaining 8% of the genome, the Telomere-to-Telomere (T2T) Consortium presents a complete 3.055 billion-base pair sequence of a human genome, T2T-CHM13, that includes gapless assemblies for all chromosomes except Y, corrects errors in the prior references, and introduces nearly 200 million base pairs of sequence containing 1956 gene predictions, 99 of which are predicted to be protein coding. The completed regions include all centromeric satellite arrays, recent segmental duplications, and the short arms of all five acrocentric chromosomes, unlocking these complex regions of the genome to variational and functional studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey Nurk
- Genome Informatics Section, Computational and Statistical Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health; Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Sergey Koren
- Genome Informatics Section, Computational and Statistical Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health; Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Arang Rhie
- Genome Informatics Section, Computational and Statistical Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health; Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Mikko Rautiainen
- Genome Informatics Section, Computational and Statistical Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health; Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Andrey V. Bzikadze
- Graduate Program in Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, University of California, San Diego; La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Alla Mikheenko
- Center for Algorithmic Biotechnology, Institute of Translational Biomedicine, Saint Petersburg State University; Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Mitchell R. Vollger
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine; Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Nicolas Altemose
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley; Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Lev Uralsky
- Sirius University of Science and Technology; Sochi, Russia
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics; Moscow, Russia
| | - Ariel Gershman
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Johns Hopkins University; Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sergey Aganezov
- Department of Computer Science, Johns Hopkins University; Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Savannah J. Hoyt
- Institute for Systems Genomics and Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Connecticut; Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Mark Diekhans
- UC Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, University of California, Santa Cruz; Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Glennis A. Logsdon
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine; Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Michael Alonge
- Department of Computer Science, Johns Hopkins University; Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | | | - Gerard G. Bouffard
- NIH Intramural Sequencing Center, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health; Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Shelise Y. Brooks
- NIH Intramural Sequencing Center, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health; Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Gina V. Caldas
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley; Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Nae-Chyun Chen
- Department of Computer Science, Johns Hopkins University; Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Haoyu Cheng
- Department of Data Sciences, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Boston, MA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School; Boston, MA
| | | | | | | | - Philip C. Dishuck
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine; Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Richard Durbin
- Wellcome Sanger Institute; Cambridge, UK
- Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge; Cambridge, UK
| | - Tatiana Dvorkina
- Center for Algorithmic Biotechnology, Institute of Translational Biomedicine, Saint Petersburg State University; Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | | | - Giulio Formenti
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics of Language and The Vertebrate Genome Lab, The Rockefeller University; New York, NY, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute; Chevy Chase, MD, USA
| | - Robert S. Fulton
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine; St. Louis, MO, USA
| | | | - Erik Garrison
- UC Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, University of California, Santa Cruz; Santa Cruz, CA, USA
- University of Tennessee Health Science Center; Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Patrick G.S. Grady
- Institute for Systems Genomics and Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Connecticut; Storrs, CT, USA
| | | | - Ira M. Hall
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine; New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Nancy F. Hansen
- Comparative Genomics Analysis Unit, Cancer Genetics and Comparative Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health; Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Gabrielle A. Hartley
- Institute for Systems Genomics and Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Connecticut; Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Marina Haukness
- UC Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, University of California, Santa Cruz; Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Chirag Jain
- Genome Informatics Section, Computational and Statistical Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health; Bethesda, MD USA
- Department of Computational and Data Sciences, Indian Institute of Science; Bangalore KA, India
| | - Miten Jain
- UC Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, University of California, Santa Cruz; Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Erich D. Jarvis
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics of Language and The Vertebrate Genome Lab, The Rockefeller University; New York, NY, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute; Chevy Chase, MD, USA
| | | | - Melanie Kirsche
- Department of Computer Science, Johns Hopkins University; Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Mikhail Kolmogorov
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California, San Diego; San Diego, CA, USA
| | | | - Milinn Kremitzki
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University in St. Louis; St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Heng Li
- Department of Data Sciences, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Boston, MA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School; Boston, MA
| | - Valerie V. Maduro
- Undiagnosed Diseases Program, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health; Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Tobias Marschall
- Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty, Institute for Medical Biometry and Bioinformatics; Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Ann M. McCartney
- Genome Informatics Section, Computational and Statistical Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health; Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Jennifer McDaniel
- Biosystems and Biomaterials Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology; Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Danny E. Miller
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine; Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Genetic Medicine, University of Washington and Seattle Children’s Hospital; Seattle, WA, USA
| | - James C. Mullikin
- NIH Intramural Sequencing Center, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health; Bethesda, MD, USA
- Comparative Genomics Analysis Unit, Cancer Genetics and Comparative Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health; Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Eugene W. Myers
- Max-Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics; Dresden, Germany
| | - Nathan D. Olson
- Biosystems and Biomaterials Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology; Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Benedict Paten
- UC Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, University of California, Santa Cruz; Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | | | - Pavel A. Pevzner
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California, San Diego; San Diego, CA, USA
| | - David Porubsky
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine; Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Tamara Potapova
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research; Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Evgeny I. Rogaev
- Sirius University of Science and Technology; Sochi, Russia
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics; Moscow, Russia
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Massachusetts Medical School; Worcester, MA, USA
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University; Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Steven L. Salzberg
- Department of Computer Science, Johns Hopkins University; Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University; Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Valerie A. Schneider
- National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health; Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Fritz J. Sedlazeck
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine; Houston TX, USA
| | - Kishwar Shafin
- UC Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, University of California, Santa Cruz; Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Colin J. Shew
- Genome Center, MIND Institute, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California, Davis; CA, USA
| | - Alaina Shumate
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University; Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ying Sims
- Wellcome Sanger Institute; Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Daniela C. Soto
- Genome Center, MIND Institute, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California, Davis; CA, USA
| | - Ivan Sović
- Pacific Biosciences; Menlo Park, CA, USA
- Digital BioLogic d.o.o.; Ivanić-Grad, Croatia
| | | | - Aaron Streets
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley; Berkeley, CA, USA
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub; San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Beth A. Sullivan
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University School of Medicine; Durham, NC, USA
| | - Françoise Thibaud-Nissen
- National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health; Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Justin Wagner
- Biosystems and Biomaterials Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology; Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Brian P. Walenz
- Genome Informatics Section, Computational and Statistical Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health; Bethesda, MD USA
| | | | | | - Chunlin Xiao
- National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health; Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Stephanie M. Yan
- Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University; Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Alice C. Young
- NIH Intramural Sequencing Center, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health; Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Samantha Zarate
- Department of Computer Science, Johns Hopkins University; Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Urvashi Surti
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh; Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Rajiv C. McCoy
- Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University; Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Megan Y. Dennis
- Genome Center, MIND Institute, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California, Davis; CA, USA
| | - Ivan A. Alexandrov
- Center for Algorithmic Biotechnology, Institute of Translational Biomedicine, Saint Petersburg State University; Saint Petersburg, Russia
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics; Moscow, Russia
- Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Moscow, Russia
| | - Jennifer L. Gerton
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research; Kansas City, MO, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Kansas Medical School; Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Rachel J. O’Neill
- Institute for Systems Genomics and Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Connecticut; Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Winston Timp
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Johns Hopkins University; Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University; Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Justin M. Zook
- Biosystems and Biomaterials Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology; Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Michael C. Schatz
- Department of Computer Science, Johns Hopkins University; Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University; Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Evan E. Eichler
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine; Seattle, WA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute; Chevy Chase, MD, USA
| | - Karen H. Miga
- UC Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, University of California, Santa Cruz; Santa Cruz, CA, USA
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, University of California Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Adam M. Phillippy
- Genome Informatics Section, Computational and Statistical Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health; Bethesda, MD USA
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40
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Goenka SD, Gorzynski JE, Shafin K, Fisk DG, Pesout T, Jensen TD, Monlong J, Chang PC, Baid G, Bernstein JA, Christle JW, Dalton KP, Garalde DR, Grove ME, Guillory J, Kolesnikov A, Nattestad M, Ruzhnikov MRZ, Samadi M, Sethia A, Spiteri E, Wright CJ, Xiong K, Zhu T, Jain M, Sedlazeck FJ, Carroll A, Paten B, Ashley EA. Accelerated identification of disease-causing variants with ultra-rapid nanopore genome sequencing. Nat Biotechnol 2022; 40:1035-1041. [PMID: 35347328 PMCID: PMC9287171 DOI: 10.1038/s41587-022-01221-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) can identify variants that cause genetic disease, but the time required for sequencing and analysis has been a barrier to its use in acutely ill patients. In the present study, we develop an approach for ultra-rapid nanopore WGS that combines an optimized sample preparation protocol, distributing sequencing over 48 flow cells, near real-time base calling and alignment, accelerated variant calling and fast variant filtration for efficient manual review. Application to two example clinical cases identified a candidate variant in <8 h from sample preparation to variant identification. We show that this framework provides accurate variant calls and efficient prioritization, and accelerates diagnostic clinical genome sequencing twofold compared with previous approaches. A streamlined sequencing process enables identification of disease-causing variants in the clinic within 8 hours.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Trevor Pesout
- UC Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | | | - Jean Monlong
- UC Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Tong Zhu
- NVIDIA Corporation, Santa Clara, CA, USA
| | - Miten Jain
- UC Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
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41
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Gorzynski JE, Goenka SD, Shafin K, Jensen TD, Fisk DG, Grove ME, Spiteri E, Pesout T, Monlong J, Baid G, Bernstein JA, Ceresnak S, Chang PC, Christle JW, Chubb H, Dalton KP, Dunn K, Garalde DR, Guillory J, Knowles JW, Kolesnikov A, Ma M, Moscarello T, Nattestad M, Perez M, Ruzhnikov MRZ, Samadi M, Setia A, Wright C, Wusthoff CJ, Xiong K, Zhu T, Jain M, Sedlazeck FJ, Carroll A, Paten B, Ashley EA. Ultrarapid Nanopore Genome Sequencing in a Critical Care Setting. N Engl J Med 2022; 386:700-702. [PMID: 35020984 DOI: 10.1056/nejmc2112090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kishwar Shafin
- University of California at Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, Santa Cruz, CA
| | | | | | | | | | - Trevor Pesout
- University of California at Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, Santa Cruz, CA
| | - Jean Monlong
- University of California at Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, Santa Cruz, CA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Kyla Dunn
- Stanford Children's Health, Palo Alto, CA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Chris Wright
- Oxford Nanopore Technologies, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | - Miten Jain
- University of California at Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, Santa Cruz, CA
| | | | | | - Benedict Paten
- University of California at Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, Santa Cruz, CA
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42
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Mulroney L, Wulf MG, Schildkraut I, Tzertzinis G, Buswell J, Jain M, Olsen H, Diekhans M, Corrêa IR, Akeson M, Ettwiller L. Identification of high-confidence human poly(A) RNA isoform scaffolds using nanopore sequencing. RNA 2022; 28:162-176. [PMID: 34728536 PMCID: PMC8906549 DOI: 10.1261/rna.078703.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Nanopore sequencing devices read individual RNA strands directly. This facilitates identification of exon linkages and nucleotide modifications; however, using conventional direct RNA nanopore sequencing, the 5' and 3' ends of poly(A) RNA cannot be identified unambiguously. This is due in part to RNA degradation in vivo and in vitro that can obscure transcription start and end sites. In this study, we aimed to identify individual full-length human RNA isoforms among ∼4 million nanopore poly(A)-selected RNA reads. First, to identify RNA strands bearing 5' m7G caps, we exchanged the biological cap for a modified cap attached to a 45-nt oligomer. This oligomer adaptation method improved 5' end sequencing and ensured correct identification of the 5' m7G capped ends. Second, among these 5'-capped nanopore reads, we screened for features consistent with a 3' polyadenylation site. Combining these two steps, we identified 294,107 individual high-confidence full-length RNA scaffolds from human GM12878 cells, most of which (257,721) aligned to protein-coding genes. Of these, 4876 scaffolds indicated unannotated isoforms that were often internal to longer, previously identified RNA isoforms. Orthogonal data for m7G caps and open chromatin, such as CAGE and DNase-HS seq, confirmed the validity of these high-confidence RNA scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Logan Mulroney
- Biomolecular Engineering Department, UC Santa Cruz, California 95064, USA
| | | | | | | | - John Buswell
- New England Biolabs, Ipswich, Massachusetts 01938, USA
| | - Miten Jain
- Biomolecular Engineering Department, UC Santa Cruz, California 95064, USA
| | - Hugh Olsen
- Biomolecular Engineering Department, UC Santa Cruz, California 95064, USA
| | - Mark Diekhans
- Genomics Institute, UC Santa Cruz, California 95064, USA
| | - Ivan R Corrêa
- New England Biolabs, Ipswich, Massachusetts 01938, USA
| | - Mark Akeson
- Biomolecular Engineering Department, UC Santa Cruz, California 95064, USA
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43
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44
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Vo JM, Mulroney L, Quick-Cleveland J, Jain M, Akeson M, Ares M. Synthesis of modified nucleotide polymers by the poly(U) polymerase Cid1: application to direct RNA sequencing on nanopores. RNA 2021; 27:1497-1511. [PMID: 34446532 PMCID: PMC8594468 DOI: 10.1261/rna.078898.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Understanding transcriptomes requires documenting the structures, modifications, and abundances of RNAs as well as their proximity to other molecules. The methods that make this possible depend critically on enzymes (including mutant derivatives) that act on nucleic acids for capturing and sequencing RNA. We tested two 3' nucleotidyl transferases, Saccharomyces cerevisiae poly(A) polymerase and Schizosaccharomyces pombe Cid1, for the ability to add base and sugar modified rNTPs to free RNA 3' ends, eventually focusing on Cid1. Although unable to polymerize ΨTP or 1meΨTP, Cid1 can use 5meUTP and 4thioUTP. Surprisingly, Cid1 can use inosine triphosphate to add poly(I) to the 3' ends of a wide variety of RNA molecules. Most poly(A) mRNAs efficiently acquire a uniform tract of about 50 inosine residues from Cid1, whereas non-poly(A) RNAs acquire longer, more heterogeneous tails. Here we test these activities for use in direct RNA sequencing on nanopores, and find that Cid1-mediated poly(I)-tailing permits detection and quantification of both mRNAs and non-poly(A) RNAs simultaneously, as well as enabling the analysis of nascent RNAs associated with RNA polymerase II. Poly(I) produces a different current trace than poly(A), enabling recognition of native RNA 3' end sequence lost by in vitro poly(A) addition. Addition of poly(I) by Cid1 offers a broadly useful alternative to poly(A) capture for direct RNA sequencing on nanopores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Mai Vo
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California 95064, USA
| | - Logan Mulroney
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California 95064, USA
| | - Jen Quick-Cleveland
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California 95064, USA
| | - Miten Jain
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California 95064, USA
| | - Mark Akeson
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California 95064, USA
| | - Manuel Ares
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California 95064, USA
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45
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Tseng J, Jain M. ASO Author Reflections: Adrenocortical Carcinoma-All We Need Are Nodes. Ann Surg Oncol 2021; 29:1971. [PMID: 34802104 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-021-11090-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J Tseng
- Division of Minimally Invasive and Endocrine Surgery, Department of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - M Jain
- Division of Minimally Invasive and Endocrine Surgery, Department of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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46
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Shafin K, Pesout T, Chang PC, Nattestad M, Kolesnikov A, Goel S, Baid G, Kolmogorov M, Eizenga JM, Miga KH, Carnevali P, Jain M, Carroll A, Paten B. Haplotype-aware variant calling with PEPPER-Margin-DeepVariant enables high accuracy in nanopore long-reads. Nat Methods 2021; 18:1322-1332. [PMID: 34725481 PMCID: PMC8571015 DOI: 10.1038/s41592-021-01299-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Long-read sequencing has the potential to transform variant detection by reaching currently difficult-to-map regions and routinely linking together adjacent variations to enable read-based phasing. Third-generation nanopore sequence data have demonstrated a long read length, but current interpretation methods for their novel pore-based signal have unique error profiles, making accurate analysis challenging. Here, we introduce a haplotype-aware variant calling pipeline, PEPPER-Margin-DeepVariant, that produces state-of-the-art variant calling results with nanopore data. We show that our nanopore-based method outperforms the short-read-based single-nucleotide-variant identification method at the whole-genome scale and produces high-quality single-nucleotide variants in segmental duplications and low-mappability regions where short-read-based genotyping fails. We show that our pipeline can provide highly contiguous phase blocks across the genome with nanopore reads, contiguously spanning between 85% and 92% of annotated genes across six samples. We also extend PEPPER-Margin-DeepVariant to PacBio HiFi data, providing an efficient solution with superior performance over the current WhatsHap-DeepVariant standard. Finally, we demonstrate de novo assembly polishing methods that use nanopore and PacBio HiFi reads to produce diploid assemblies with high accuracy (Q35+ nanopore-polished and Q40+ PacBio HiFi-polished).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Trevor Pesout
- UC Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Karen H Miga
- UC Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | | | - Miten Jain
- UC Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
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Abstract
We describe a method for direct tRNA sequencing using the Oxford Nanopore MinION. The principal technical advance is custom adapters that facilitate end-to-end sequencing of individual transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules at subnanometer precision. A second advance is a nanopore sequencing pipeline optimized for tRNA. We tested this method using purified E. coli tRNAfMet, tRNALys, and tRNAPhe samples. 76-92% of individual aligned tRNA sequence reads were full length. As a proof of concept, we showed that nanopore sequencing detected all 43 expected isoacceptors in total E. coli MRE600 tRNA as well as isodecoders that further define that tRNA population. Alignment-based comparisons between the three purified tRNAs and their synthetic controls revealed systematic nucleotide miscalls that were diagnostic of known modifications. Systematic miscalls were also observed proximal to known modifications in total E. coli tRNA alignments, including a highly conserved pseudouridine in the T loop. This work highlights the potential of nanopore direct tRNA sequencing as well as improvements needed to implement tRNA sequencing for human healthcare applications.
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48
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Thomas NK, Poodari VC, Jain M, Olsen HE, Akeson M, Abu-Shumays RL. Direct Nanopore Sequencing of Individual Full Length tRNA Strands. ACS Nano 2021; 15:16642-16653. [PMID: 34618430 DOI: 10.1101/2021.1104.1126.441285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We describe a method for direct tRNA sequencing using the Oxford Nanopore MinION. The principal technical advance is custom adapters that facilitate end-to-end sequencing of individual transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules at subnanometer precision. A second advance is a nanopore sequencing pipeline optimized for tRNA. We tested this method using purified E. coli tRNAfMet, tRNALys, and tRNAPhe samples. 76-92% of individual aligned tRNA sequence reads were full length. As a proof of concept, we showed that nanopore sequencing detected all 43 expected isoacceptors in total E. coli MRE600 tRNA as well as isodecoders that further define that tRNA population. Alignment-based comparisons between the three purified tRNAs and their synthetic controls revealed systematic nucleotide miscalls that were diagnostic of known modifications. Systematic miscalls were also observed proximal to known modifications in total E. coli tRNA alignments, including a highly conserved pseudouridine in the T loop. This work highlights the potential of nanopore direct tRNA sequencing as well as improvements needed to implement tRNA sequencing for human healthcare applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niki K Thomas
- Biomolecular Engineering Department, Genomics Institute, and Center for Molecular Biology of RNA University of California, Santa Cruz, California 95064, United States
| | - Vinay C Poodari
- Biomolecular Engineering Department, Genomics Institute, and Center for Molecular Biology of RNA University of California, Santa Cruz, California 95064, United States
| | - Miten Jain
- Biomolecular Engineering Department, Genomics Institute, and Center for Molecular Biology of RNA University of California, Santa Cruz, California 95064, United States
| | - Hugh E Olsen
- Biomolecular Engineering Department, Genomics Institute, and Center for Molecular Biology of RNA University of California, Santa Cruz, California 95064, United States
| | - Mark Akeson
- Biomolecular Engineering Department, Genomics Institute, and Center for Molecular Biology of RNA University of California, Santa Cruz, California 95064, United States
| | - Robin L Abu-Shumays
- Biomolecular Engineering Department, Genomics Institute, and Center for Molecular Biology of RNA University of California, Santa Cruz, California 95064, United States
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49
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Shah M, Ramamurthy BS, Khurana A, Chatterjee M, Jain M, Raut A. Antenatal dural sinus malformation of torcular Herophili and straight sinus with unusual outcome of hyperdynamic circulation and cardiac failure. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2021; 58:634-635. [PMID: 33491817 DOI: 10.1002/uog.23597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M Shah
- Abhipraay, Center for Advanced Ultrasound/Guided Interventions and Genetic Clinic, Mumbai, India
| | | | - A Khurana
- The Ultrasound Lab, New Delhi, India
| | - M Chatterjee
- Abhipraay, Center for Advanced Ultrasound/Guided Interventions and Genetic Clinic, Mumbai, India
| | - M Jain
- Abhipraay, Center for Advanced Ultrasound/Guided Interventions and Genetic Clinic, Mumbai, India
| | - A Raut
- Kokilaben Dhirubhai Ambani Hospital, Mumbai, India
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50
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Creason A, Haan D, Dang K, Chiotti KE, Inkman M, Lamb A, Yu T, Hu Y, Norman TC, Buchanan A, van Baren MJ, Spangler R, Rollins MR, Spellman PT, Rozanov D, Zhang J, Maher CA, Caloian C, Watson JD, Uhrig S, Haas BJ, Jain M, Akeson M, Ahsen ME, Stolovitzky G, Guinney J, Boutros PC, Stuart JM, Ellrott K. A community challenge to evaluate RNA-seq, fusion detection, and isoform quantification methods for cancer discovery. Cell Syst 2021; 12:827-838.e5. [PMID: 34146471 PMCID: PMC8376800 DOI: 10.1016/j.cels.2021.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The accurate identification and quantitation of RNA isoforms present in the cancer transcriptome is key for analyses ranging from the inference of the impacts of somatic variants to pathway analysis to biomarker development and subtype discovery. The ICGC-TCGA DREAM Somatic Mutation Calling in RNA (SMC-RNA) challenge was a crowd-sourced effort to benchmark methods for RNA isoform quantification and fusion detection from bulk cancer RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) data. It concluded in 2018 with a comparison of 77 fusion detection entries and 65 isoform quantification entries on 51 synthetic tumors and 32 cell lines with spiked-in fusion constructs. We report the entries used to build this benchmark, the leaderboard results, and the experimental features associated with the accurate prediction of RNA species. This challenge required submissions to be in the form of containerized workflows, meaning each of the entries described is easily reusable through CWL and Docker containers at https://github.com/SMC-RNA-challenge. A record of this paper's transparent peer review process is included in the supplemental information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison Creason
- Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - David Haan
- Biomolecular Engineering and UC Santa Cruz Genome Institute, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | | | - Kami E. Chiotti
- Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Matthew Inkman
- The Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, 4444 Forest Park Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | | | | | - Yin Hu
- Sage Bionetworks, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Alex Buchanan
- Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Marijke J. van Baren
- Biomolecular Engineering and UC Santa Cruz Genome Institute, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Ryan Spangler
- Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - M. Rick Rollins
- Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Paul T. Spellman
- Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Dmitri Rozanov
- Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Jin Zhang
- The Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, 4444 Forest Park Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Christopher A. Maher
- The Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, 4444 Forest Park Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Cristian Caloian
- Computational Biology, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Canada
| | - John D. Watson
- Computational Biology, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Canada
| | - Sebastian Uhrig
- Division of Applied Bioinformatics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Brian J. Haas
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Miten Jain
- Biomolecular Engineering and UC Santa Cruz Genome Institute, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Mark Akeson
- Biomolecular Engineering and UC Santa Cruz Genome Institute, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Mehmet Eren Ahsen
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, One Gustave Levy Place, New York, NY 1498, USA
| | | | - Gustavo Stolovitzky
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, One Gustave Levy Place, New York, NY 1498, USA,IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, 1101 Kitchawan Road, Route 134, Yorktown Heights, NY 10598, USA
| | | | - Paul C. Boutros
- Computational Biology, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Canada,Departments of Medical Biophysics and Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada,Departments of Human Genetics and Urology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Joshua M. Stuart
- Biomolecular Engineering and UC Santa Cruz Genome Institute, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Kyle Ellrott
- Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA,Lead contact,Correspondence:
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