1
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Kadykalo AN, Findlay CS, Spencer M, Callaghan CL, Cooke SJ, Young N. Collaboration and engagement with decision-makers are needed to reduce evidence complacency in wildlife management. Ambio 2024; 53:730-745. [PMID: 38360970 PMCID: PMC10991221 DOI: 10.1007/s13280-024-01979-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
There exists an extensive, diverse, and robust evidence base to support complex decisions that address the planetary biodiversity crisis. However, it is generally not sought or used by environmental decision-makers, who instead draw on intuition, experience, or opinion to inform important decisions. Thus, there is a need to examine evidence exchange processes in wildlife management to understand the multiple inputs to decisions. Here, we adopt a novel approach, fuzzy cognitive mapping (FCM), to examine perceptions of individuals from Indigenous and Western governments on the reliability of evidence which may influence freshwater fisheries management decisions in British Columbia, Canada. We facilitated four FCM workshops participants representing Indigenous or Western regulatory/governance groups of fisheries managers. Our results show that flows of evidence to decision-makers occur within a relatively closed governance network, constrained to the few well-connected decision-making organizations (i.e., wildlife management agencies) and their close partners. This implies that increased collaboration (i.e., knowledge co-production) and engagement (i.e., knowledge brokerage) with wildlife managers and decision-makers are needed to produce actionable evidence and increase evidence exchange.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew N Kadykalo
- Fish Ecology and Conservation Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology and Institute of Environmental and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, K1S 5B6, Canada.
- Department of Natural Resource Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H9X 3V9, Canada.
| | - C Scott Findlay
- Department of Biology and Institute of the Environment, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | | | | | - Steven J Cooke
- Fish Ecology and Conservation Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology and Institute of Environmental and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Nathan Young
- Department of Sociology and Anthropology, School of Sociological and Anthropological Studies, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada
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2
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Fairlamb DM, Szepeshazi K, Goldsmith D, Danos P, Lev-Tov H, Young N, Hanft J, Zelen C. First clinical evaluation of the safety and efficacy of tarumase for the debridement of venous leg ulcers. Int Wound J 2024; 21:e14805. [PMID: 38385795 PMCID: PMC10883251 DOI: 10.1111/iwj.14805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
We report the first clinical evaluation of a new enzymatic wound debridement product containing tarumase in venous leg ulcer patients. As a first-in-human study, this was a prospective, open-label, multi-centre, dose escalation study across five dose cohorts and involving a total of 43 patients treated three times weekly for up to 4 weeks (12 applications). The primary and secondary endpoints of the study were to assess the systemic safety, local tolerability, and early proof of concept both for wound debridement and healing. Results indicated that the tarumase enzyme was well tolerated when applied topically to wounds, with no indications of systemic absorption, no evidence of antibody generation, and no systemic effects on coagulation pathways. Locally, there was no evidence of pain on application, no local itching, no increases in erythema, oedema, exudate or bleeding and only a few treatment emergent adverse events were reported. As the concentration of tarumase was escalated, trends towards faster and improved effectiveness of wound debridement were observed, especially in patients with significant slough at baseline. Trends towards faster rates of healing were also noted based on observations of increased granulation tissue, increased linear healing and reduction in surface area over the 4-week treatment period.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Peter Danos
- Óbudai Egészségügyi Centrum (OEC) KFT, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Hadar Lev-Tov
- Dermatology Clinical Trial Unit, University of Miami Hospital, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Nathan Young
- Foot and Ankle Specialist of the MidAtlantic, Salem, Virginia, USA
| | - Jason Hanft
- Doctors Research Network, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Charles Zelen
- Professional Education & Research Institute LLC [PERI], Roanoke, Virginia, USA
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3
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Jeanson AL, Madden JC, Ekström A, Danylchuk AJ, Young N, Howarth A, Twardek WM, Twibell RG, Root RP, Hanson KC, Cooke SJ. Bioenergetic consequences of repeated catch-and-release fisheries interactions on adult steelhead across a range of ecologically relevant water temperatures. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2023; 284:111469. [PMID: 37468090 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2023.111469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
The biological consequences of catch-and-release angling have been studied for decades, yet little is known about the compounding effects of repeated recreational fisheries recaptures on the physiology and behaviour of angled fish. Using heart rate biologgers and behavioural assays, this study investigated the physiological and behavioural consequences of multiple simulated angling events (i.e., repeated stressors) on female steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss), under current (6 °C) and future (11 °C) water temperature scenarios. While steelhead in the warmer water temperature scenario demonstrated alterations in cardiac function (e.g., increases in maximum heart rate and scope of heart rate) and evidence of behavioural impairments (e.g., decreases in chase activity and landing time) over the course of two simulated angling events, cold water treated fish had negligible change. Fish subjected to two simulated angling events under warm water temperature conditions tended to demonstrate an increase in recovery time and scope for heart rate, and a decrease in resting heart rate. A second experiment was conducted to test for sex-specific differences in the heart rate response of steelhead subjected to an increase in water temperature. Females demonstrated a higher scope for heart rate when compared to males during the event and during recovery. More work is needed to better understand the interaction between multiple angling events and recovery from these events at various water temperatures, and the biological basis for sex-specific differences in cardiac function and response to challenges. This study contributes to a growing body of evidence on the effects of repeated stressors on wild fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda L Jeanson
- Fish Ecology and Conservation Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Dr., Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada. https://twitter.com/AmandaJeanson
| | - Jamie C Madden
- Fish Ecology and Conservation Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Dr., Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada.
| | - Andreas Ekström
- Department of biological and environmental sciences, University of Gothenburg, Medicinaregatan 18, 41390 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Andy J Danylchuk
- Department of Environmental Conservation, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 160 Holdsworth Way, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Nathan Young
- School of Sociological and Anthropological Studies, University of Ottawa, 75 Laurier Ave. E, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Andrew Howarth
- Fish Ecology and Conservation Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Dr., Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - William M Twardek
- Fish Ecology and Conservation Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Dr., Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Ronald G Twibell
- U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Abernathy Fish Technology Center, 1440 Abernathy Creek Road, Longview, WA 98632, USA
| | - Roger P Root
- U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Abernathy Fish Technology Center, 1440 Abernathy Creek Road, Longview, WA 98632, USA
| | - Kyle C Hanson
- U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Pacific Region, Fish and Aquatic Conservation, 11th Ave., Portland, OR 97232, USA
| | - Steven J Cooke
- Fish Ecology and Conservation Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Dr., Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada. https://twitter.com/SJC_fishy
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4
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Cooke SJ, Cook CN, Nguyen VM, Walsh JC, Young N, Cvitanovic C, Grainger MJ, Randall NP, Muir M, Kadykalo AN, Monk KA, Pullin AS. Environmental evidence in action: on the science and practice of evidence synthesis and evidence-based decision-making. Environ Evid 2023; 12:10. [PMID: 37220478 PMCID: PMC10191815 DOI: 10.1186/s13750-023-00302-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
In civil society we expect that policy and management decisions will be made using the best available evidence. Yet, it is widely known that there are many barriers that limit the extent to which that occurs. One way to overcome these barriers is via robust, comprehensive, transparent and repeatable evidence syntheses (such as systematic reviews) that attempt to minimize various forms of bias to present a summary of existing knowledge for decision-making purposes. Relative to other disciplines (e.g., health care, education), such evidence-based decision-making remains relatively nascent for environment management despite major threats to humanity, such as the climate, pollution and biodiversity crises demonstrating that human well-being is inextricably linked to the biophysical environment. Fortunately, there are a growing number of environmental evidence syntheses being produced that can be used by decision makers. It is therefore an opportune time to reflect on the science and practice of evidence-based decision-making in environment management to understand the extent to which evidence syntheses are embraced and applied in practice. Here we outline a number of key questions related to the use of environmental evidence that need to be explored in an effort to enhance evidence-based decision-making. There is an urgent need for research involving methods from social science, behavioural sciences, and public policy to understand the basis for patterns and trends in environmental evidence use (or misuse or ignorance). There is also a need for those who commission and produce evidence syntheses, as well as the end users of these syntheses to reflect on their experiences and share them with the broader evidence-based practice community to identify needs and opportunities for advancing the entire process of evidence-based practice. It is our hope that the ideas shared here will serve as a roadmap for additional scholarship that will collectively enhance evidence-based decision-making and ultimately benefit the environment and humanity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven J. Cooke
- Canadian Centre for Evidence-Based Conservation, Department of Biology and Institute of Environmental and Interdisciplinary Science, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Dr., Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6 Canada
| | - Carly N. Cook
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, 25 Rainforest Walk, Clayton, VIC 3800 Australia
| | - Vivian M. Nguyen
- Canadian Centre for Evidence-Based Conservation, Department of Biology and Institute of Environmental and Interdisciplinary Science, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Dr., Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6 Canada
| | - Jessica C. Walsh
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, 25 Rainforest Walk, Clayton, VIC 3800 Australia
| | - Nathan Young
- School of Sociological and Anthropological Studies, University of Ottawa, 20 University Private, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5 Canada
| | | | - Matthew J. Grainger
- Norwegian Institute for Nature Research-NINA, Torgarden, 5685, 7485 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Nicola P. Randall
- Centre for Evidence Based Agriculture, Harper Adams University, Newport, Shropshire, TF10 8NB UK
| | - Matt Muir
- U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service, 5275 Leesburg Pike, Falls Church, VA 22041-3803 USA
| | - Andrew N. Kadykalo
- Department of Natural Resource Sciences, McGill University, 111 Lakeshore Blvd, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC H9X 3V9 Canada
| | - Kathryn A. Monk
- Department of Biosciences, Swansea University, Swansea, SA2 8PP UK
| | - Andrew S. Pullin
- School of Natural Sciences, Bangor University, Bangor, LL57 2DG UK
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5
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Young N, Punkosdy G, Cavanaugh J, Bantle C, Constan A, Li B, Conley J, Sanchez-Martin M, Xu L, McGovern K, Castro A, Zhang M, Ecsedy J. Abstract 1646: IK-930, a paralog-selective TEAD inhibitor for treating YAP/TAZ-TEAD dependent cancers. Cancer Res 2023. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2023-1646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
The Hippo signaling cascade regulates cell proliferation and survival, as well as overall tissue homeostasis. These functions are mediated by the TEAD family of transcription factors which, when bound to the co-activators YAP or TAZ, induce expression of pro-growth and anti-apoptotic genes. This pathway is frequently dysregulated across tumor types, with genetic alterations along with other mechanisms driving hyper-active YAP/TAZ-TEAD. In addition, Hippo signaling mediates resistance to therapies targeting key oncogenic pathways such as EGFR and RAS. As a result, TEAD transcription factors are promising therapeutic targets. The TEAD family comprises four paralogs (TEAD1-4) that have both over-lapping and non-redundant functions. Given the essential roles of the Hippo pathway in normal physiology, it may be beneficial to target a subset of TEADs to minimize potential on-target toxicity while maintaining anti-tumor efficacy.
Although highly homologous, the lipid-binding pocket of TEADs harbor some sequence divergence, highlighting an opportunity to design paralog-specific compounds. We developed IK-930 as a novel, selective inhibitor that potently blocks TEAD transcriptional activity by disrupting the auto-palmitoylation required for its interaction with YAP/TAZ. To demonstrate the selectivity profile of IK-930, a suite of biochemical assays was employed, all of which showed preferential compound binding to an individual paralog. A novel NanoBRETTM system that enabled quantitative, high-throughput measurements of cellular TEAD engagement also documented selective inhibitor interaction with the same family member.
To assess how differences in selectivity affect therapeutic index, the in vivo efficacy and toxicity of IK-930 was compared to a pan-TEAD inhibitor. In several Hippo-mutated xenograft models, both compounds displayed potent anti-tumor activity. Moreover, IK-930 exhibited synergy with targeted agents, including EGFR inhibitors, indicating that its selectivity profile could drive robust efficacy in diverse tumor types. Previous studies in genetically engineered mouse models reported that perturbation of YAP/TAZ results in kidney toxicity. Treatment with a pan-TEAD inhibitor in rats and non-human primates led to substantial proteinuria and kidney pathology at exposures similar to those needed for antitumor activity in mouse models. In contrast, IK-930 demonstrated limited kidney toxicity in rats above efficacious doses and no signs of renal problems in non-human primates. Collectively, these results suggest that paralog selectivity with IK-930 broadens the therapeutic window of this novel compound class. With its distinct TEAD inhibitory profile, IK-930 offers unique therapeutic index advantages, further supporting its development as a first-in-class paralog-selective TEAD inhibitor.
Citation Format: Nathan Young, George Punkosdy, Jill Cavanaugh, Collin Bantle, Alex Constan, Bin Li, James Conley, Marta Sanchez-Martin, Lan Xu, Karen McGovern, Alfredo Castro, Michelle Zhang, Jeffrey Ecsedy. IK-930, a paralog-selective TEAD inhibitor for treating YAP/TAZ-TEAD dependent cancers [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 1646.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Bin Li
- 1Ikena Oncology, Boston, MA
| | | | | | - Lan Xu
- 1Ikena Oncology, Boston, MA
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6
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Farrow BK, Van Kuren N, Young N, Friedman C, Kim MC, Lubneuski A, Mason J, Nguyen T(B, Helili Z, Frenkel E, Sullivan C, Familiar A, Zhu Y, Koptyra M, Patton T, Lilly J, Storm PB, Resnick A, Heath AP. Abstract 3565: Establishing a multimodal data warehousing platform to accelerate discoveries in pediatric brain tumors for the Children’s Brain Tumor Network. Cancer Res 2023. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2023-3565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Brain tumors are the leading cause of disease-related death in children and young adults ages 0-19 in largely populated countries such as the United States. In one year alone, 4,000 children and young adults will be diagnosed with a brain or central nervous system tumor in the United States. Brain tumors are complex and difficult to treat in growing children, with current treatments oftentimes causing significant and lifelong side effects. Furthermore, there have only been five drugs in the last 20 years approved by the FDA to treat pediatric brain tumors. Founded in 2011, the Children’s Brain Tumor Network (CBTN) is focused on accelerating the pace of translational research, the discovery of new treatments, and informing precision medicine for children diagnosed with brain tumors. CBTN comprises 32 member institutions/hospitals having over 4700 patient subjects enrolled, spanning 30+ brain tumor diagnoses, over 66,000 biobanked samples and 150 preclinical models. Longitudinal clinical data is also collected for every subject that is enrolled in the observational protocol.
Through large scale data generation efforts funded by the NCI and foundational support, CBTN has whole genome, RNA-seq and other molecular characterization for over half of the enrolled patient population. Additionally, efforts have been underway to collect all pathology and radiology imaging and reporting for the subjects. With sequencing being done by multiple vendors, imaging protocols being different across multiple hospitals, and complex clinical treatment and longitudinal follow up data being translated from EHR systems, CBTN has created a rich, but complex, data landscape that is the largest of its kind in the world. In order to accelerate the process of going from data to cures, the data needs to be centralized, organized, and easily distributable. To do this, CBTN has built a first of its kind data workflow that acts as the inventory system for its various data assets. Using a modern data stack including dbt, PostgresSQL, Meltano and AWS, combined with utilization of FHIR as an interchange standard, data from multiple disparate sources such as REDcap, EHR systems, and PAC systems flow in near “real-time” to be utilized as integrated data resources
The result of this modern, multimodal, and multi-institutional warehouse allows CBTN to distribute data quickly and accurately to translational researchers around the world and contribute data to key research efforts such as AACR Project Genie, Kids First Data Resource Center, NCI Childhood Cancer Data Initiative, and the NCI’s Open Targets Platform.
Citation Format: Bailey K. Farrow, Nicholas Van Kuren, Nathan Young, Christopher Friedman, Meen Chul Kim, Alex Lubneuski, Jennifer Mason, Thinh (Bin) Nguyen, Zeinab Helili, Elizabeth Frenkel, Catherine Sullivan, Ariana Familiar, Yuankun Zhu, Mateusz Koptyra, Tatiana Patton, Jena Lilly, Phillip B. Storm, Adam Resnick, Allison P. Heath. Establishing a multimodal data warehousing platform to accelerate discoveries in pediatric brain tumors for the Children’s Brain Tumor Network. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 3565.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nathan Young
- 1Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
| | | | - Meen Chul Kim
- 1Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
| | | | | | | | - Zeinab Helili
- 1Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
| | | | | | | | - Yuankun Zhu
- 1Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
| | | | | | - Jena Lilly
- 1Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
| | | | - Adam Resnick
- 1Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
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7
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Muir AM, Bernhardt JR, Boucher NW, Cvitanovic C, Dettmers JM, Gaden M, Hinderer JLM, Locke B, Robinson KF, Siefkes MJ, Young N, Cooke SJ. Confronting a post-pandemic new-normal-threats and opportunities to trust-based relationships in natural resource science and management. J Environ Manage 2023; 330:117140. [PMID: 36603252 PMCID: PMC9809200 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.117140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Natural resource governance is inherently complex owing to the socio-ecological systems in which it is embedded. Working arrangements have been fundamentally transformed throughout the COVID-19 pandemic with potential negative impacts on trust-based social networks foundational to resource management and transboundary governance. To inform development of a post-pandemic new-normal in resource management, we examined trust relationships using the Laurentian Great Lakes of North America as a case study. 82.9% (n = 97/117) of Great Lakes fishery managers and scientists surveyed indicated that virtual engagement was effective for maintaining well-established relationships during the pandemic; however, 76.7% (n = 89/116) of respondents indicated in-person engagement to be more effective than virtual engagement for building and maintaining trust. Despite some shortcomings, virtual or remote engagement presents opportunities, such as: (1) care and nurturing of well-established long-term relationships; (2) short-term (1-3 years) trust maintenance; (3) peer-peer or mentor-mentee coordination; (4) supplemental communications; (5) producer-push knowledge dissemination; and, if done thoughtfully, (6) enhancing diversity, equity, and inclusion. Without change, pre-pandemic trust-based relationships foundational to cooperative, multinational, resource management are under threat.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Muir
- Great Lakes Fishery Commission, 2200 Commonwealth Blvd., Suite 100, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, USA.
| | - J R Bernhardt
- Centre for Ecosystem Management, University of Guelph, Ontario, N1G 2W1, Canada; Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Ontario, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - N W Boucher
- Great Lakes Fishery Commission, 2200 Commonwealth Blvd., Suite 100, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, USA
| | - C Cvitanovic
- School of Business, University of New South Wales, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia; Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Australia
| | - J M Dettmers
- Great Lakes Fishery Commission, 2200 Commonwealth Blvd., Suite 100, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, USA
| | - M Gaden
- Great Lakes Fishery Commission, 2200 Commonwealth Blvd., Suite 100, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, USA
| | - J L M Hinderer
- Great Lakes Fishery Commission, 2200 Commonwealth Blvd., Suite 100, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, USA
| | - B Locke
- Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry, Wheatley, Ontario, N0P 1A0, Canada
| | - K F Robinson
- Quantitative Fisheries Center, Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA; U.S. Geological Survey, Georgia Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - M J Siefkes
- Great Lakes Fishery Commission, 2200 Commonwealth Blvd., Suite 100, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, USA
| | - N Young
- School of Sociological and Anthropological Studies, University of Ottawa, 120 University Private, Ottawa, Canada
| | - S J Cooke
- Canadian Centre for Evidence-Based Conservation, Department of Biology and Institute of Environmental and Interdisciplinary Science, Carleton University, Ottawa, K1S 5B6, Canada
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8
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Lilly JV, Rokita JL, Mason JL, Patton T, Stefankiewiz S, Higgins D, Trooskin G, Larouci CA, Arya K, Appert E, Heath AP, Zhu Y, Brown MA, Zhang B, Farrow BK, Robins S, Morgan AM, Nguyen TQ, Frenkel E, Lehmann K, Drake E, Sullivan C, Plisiewicz A, Coleman N, Patterson L, Koptyra M, Helili Z, Van Kuren N, Young N, Kim MC, Friedman C, Lubneuski A, Blackden C, Williams M, Baubet V, Tauhid L, Galanaugh J, Boucher K, Ijaz H, Cole KA, Choudhari N, Santi M, Moulder RW, Waller J, Rife W, Diskin SJ, Mateos M, Parsons DW, Pollack IF, Goldman S, Leary S, Caporalini C, Buccoliero AM, Scagnet M, Haussler D, Hanson D, Firestein R, Cain J, Phillips JJ, Gupta N, Mueller S, Grant G, Monje-Deisseroth M, Partap S, Greenfield JP, Hashizume R, Smith A, Zhu S, Johnston JM, Fangusaro JR, Miller M, Wood MD, Gardner S, Carter CL, Prolo LM, Pisapia J, Pehlivan K, Franson A, Niazi T, Rubin J, Abdelbaki M, Ziegler DS, Lindsay HB, Stucklin AG, Gerber N, Vaske OM, Quinsey C, Rood BR, Nazarian J, Raabe E, Jackson EM, Stapleton S, Lober RM, Kram DE, Koschmann C, Storm PB, Lulla RR, Prados M, Resnick AC, Waanders AJ. The children's brain tumor network (CBTN) - Accelerating research in pediatric central nervous system tumors through collaboration and open science. Neoplasia 2023; 35:100846. [PMID: 36335802 PMCID: PMC9641002 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2022.100846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Pediatric brain tumors are the leading cause of cancer-related death in children in the United States and contribute a disproportionate number of potential years of life lost compared to adult cancers. Moreover, survivors frequently suffer long-term side effects, including secondary cancers. The Children's Brain Tumor Network (CBTN) is a multi-institutional international clinical research consortium created to advance therapeutic development through the collection and rapid distribution of biospecimens and data via open-science research platforms for real-time access and use by the global research community. The CBTN's 32 member institutions utilize a shared regulatory governance architecture at the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia to accelerate and maximize the use of biospecimens and data. As of August 2022, CBTN has enrolled over 4700 subjects, over 1500 parents, and collected over 65,000 biospecimen aliquots for research. Additionally, over 80 preclinical models have been developed from collected tumors. Multi-omic data for over 1000 tumors and germline material are currently available with data generation for > 5000 samples underway. To our knowledge, CBTN provides the largest open-access pediatric brain tumor multi-omic dataset annotated with longitudinal clinical and outcome data, imaging, associated biospecimens, child-parent genomic pedigrees, and in vivo and in vitro preclinical models. Empowered by NIH-supported platforms such as the Kids First Data Resource and the Childhood Cancer Data Initiative, the CBTN continues to expand the resources needed for scientists to accelerate translational impact for improved outcomes and quality of life for children with brain and spinal cord tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jena V Lilly
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | | | - Tatiana Patton
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - David Higgins
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Gerri Trooskin
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Kamnaa Arya
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | | | - Yuankun Zhu
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Miguel A Brown
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Bo Zhang
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Shannon Robins
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Thinh Q Nguyen
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | | | - Emily Drake
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | | | - Noel Coleman
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Luke Patterson
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Zeinab Helili
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Nathan Young
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Meen Chul Kim
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Alex Lubneuski
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Marti Williams
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Valerie Baubet
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Lamiya Tauhid
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Katie Boucher
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Heba Ijaz
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Whitney Rife
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Ian F Pollack
- UPMC The Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Stewart Goldman
- Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix AZ, USA; University of Arizona College of Medicine, Phoenix AZ, USA
| | - Sarah Leary
- Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | | | | | - David Haussler
- University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Derek Hanson
- Joseph M. Sanzari Children's Hospital at Hackensack University Medical Center, Hackensack, NJ, USA
| | - Ron Firestein
- Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jason Cain
- Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Victoria, Australia
| | - Joanna J Phillips
- University of California San Francisco & Benioff Children's Hospitals, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Nalin Gupta
- University of California San Francisco & Benioff Children's Hospitals, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Sabine Mueller
- University of California San Francisco & Benioff Children's Hospitals, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Sonia Partap
- Lucille Packard Children's Hospital Stanford, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Amy Smith
- Orlando Health Arnold Palmer Hospital for Children, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Shida Zhu
- China National Genebank (Beijing Genomics Institute), China
| | - James M Johnston
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Children's of Alabama, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | | | - Matthew Miller
- Doernbecher Children's Hospital at Oregon Health & Science University (OHSU), Portland, OR, USA
| | - Matthew D Wood
- Doernbecher Children's Hospital at Oregon Health & Science University (OHSU), Portland, OR, USA
| | - Sharon Gardner
- Hassenfeld Children's Hospital at NYU Langone, New York, NY, USA
| | - Claire L Carter
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack Meridian Health, Nutley, NJ, USA
| | - Laura M Prolo
- Lucille Packard Children's Hospital Stanford, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Jared Pisapia
- Maria Fareri Children's Hospital at Westchester Medical Center, Valhalla, NY, USA
| | - Katherine Pehlivan
- Maria Fareri Children's Hospital at Westchester Medical Center, Valhalla, NY, USA
| | - Andrea Franson
- C.S. Mott Children's Hospital, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Toba Niazi
- Nicklaus Children's Hospital, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Josh Rubin
- St. Louis Children's Hospital, St. Louis, MO
| | | | - David S Ziegler
- Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children's Hospital, High St, Randwick, NSW, Australia; Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia; School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Holly B Lindsay
- Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | | | - Olena M Vaske
- University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Carolyn Quinsey
- UNC Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; North Carolina Children's Hospital, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Brian R Rood
- Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Javad Nazarian
- University Children's Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland; Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA; The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Eric Raabe
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD USA
| | - Eric M Jackson
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD USA
| | | | | | - David E Kram
- UNC Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; North Carolina Children's Hospital, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Carl Koschmann
- C.S. Mott Children's Hospital, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | | | - Michael Prados
- University of California San Francisco Benioff Children's Hospital, San Franscisco, CA, USA
| | - Adam C Resnick
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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9
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Bladin O, Young N, Nordquist J, Roy J, Järnbert Pettersson H, Sandblom G, Löfgren J. OC-047 LEARNING CURVE IN HERNIA SURGERY- A REGISTER BASED STUDY. Br J Surg 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znac308.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Aim
The purpose of this study was to investigate the learning curve of open anterior mesh repair for groin hernia by assessing hernia recurrence rates, surgical complications, and operative times in relation to the number of procedures performed by surgical trainees.
Materials & Methods
Nationwide data on open anterior mesh repair for groin hernia performed by surgical residents were collected from the Swedish Hernia Register between 2005 and 2020. Data were analyzed in a cohort of procedures carried out by surgeons performing their first registered repair as resident. Repairs performed by surgeons who had carried out less than 30 repairs or any repair 1992–2005 were excluded.
Results
The study group consisted of 38 854 repairs carried out by 663 surgeons. The complication rate increased from 298/9884 (3.0%) the first 15 repairs performed to 396/10978 (3.6%) repairs 31–60 and then decreased to 4/945 (0.4%) for repairs performed after the first 240 ones. Mean operation time decreased from 79 minutes (standard deciation [SD] 26 minutes) the first 15 repairs to 60 minutes (SD 23 minutes) for repairs performed after the first 240 ones. Recurrence rates remained unchanged during the learning curve.
Conclusions
It is safe for resident surgeons to perform uncomplicated, elective, anterior groin hernia mesh repair after having completed of at least 60 procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Bladin
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institute , Stockholm , Sweden
| | - N Young
- Department of Clinical Science and Education Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institute , Stockholm , Sweden
| | - J Nordquist
- Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institute , Stockholm , Sweden
| | - J Roy
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institute , Stockholm , Sweden
| | - H Järnbert Pettersson
- Department of Clinical Science and Education Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institute , Stockholm , Sweden
| | - G Sandblom
- Department of Clinical Science and Education Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institute , Stockholm , Sweden
| | - J Löfgren
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institute , Stockholm , Sweden
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10
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Rajurkar M, Sanchez-Martin M, Hidalgo D, Young N, Amidon B, Punkosdy G, Ecsedy J, Xu L. IK930, a novel TEAD inhibitor, sensitizes KRAS and EGFR mutant tumors to oncogene targeted therapy. Eur J Cancer 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(22)00906-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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11
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Nyboer EA, Musinguzi L, Ogutu‐Ohwayo R, Natugonza V, Cooke SJ, Young N, Chapman LJ. Climate change adaptation and adaptive efficacy in the inland fisheries of the Lake Victoria basin. People and Nature 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pan3.10388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Laban Musinguzi
- National Fisheries Resources Research Institute (NaFIRRI) Jinja Uganda
| | | | - Vianny Natugonza
- Busitema University Maritime Institute Namasagali campus Kamuli Uganda
| | - Steven J. Cooke
- Department of Biology and Institute for Environment and Interdisciplinary Science Carleton University Ottawa Ontario Canada
| | - Nathan Young
- School of Sociological and Anthropological Studies University of Ottawa Ottawa Ontario Canada
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12
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Roche DG, O'Dea RE, Kerr KA, Rytwinski T, Schuster R, Nguyen VM, Young N, Bennett JR, Cooke SJ. Closing the knowledge-action gap in conservation with open science. Conserv Biol 2022; 36:e13835. [PMID: 34476839 PMCID: PMC9300006 DOI: 10.1111/cobi.13835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The knowledge-action gap in conservation science and practice occurs when research outputs do not result in actions to protect or restore biodiversity. Among the diverse and complex reasons for this gap, three barriers are fundamental: knowledge is often unavailable to practitioners and challenging to interpret or difficult to use or both. Problems of availability, interpretability, and useability are solvable with open science practices. We considered the benefits and challenges of three open science practices for use by conservation scientists and practitioners. First, open access publishing makes the scientific literature available to all. Second, open materials (detailed methods, data, code, and software) increase the transparency and use of research findings. Third, open education resources allow conservation scientists and practitioners to acquire the skills needed to use research outputs. The long-term adoption of open science practices would help researchers and practitioners achieve conservation goals more quickly and efficiently and reduce inequities in information sharing. However, short-term costs for individual researchers (insufficient institutional incentives to engage in open science and knowledge mobilization) remain a challenge. We caution against a passive approach to sharing that simply involves making information available. We advocate a proactive stance toward transparency, communication, collaboration, and capacity building that involves seeking out and engaging with potential users to maximize the environmental and societal impact of conservation science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominique G. Roche
- Canadian Centre for Evidence‐Based Conservation, Department of Biology and Institute of Environmental and Interdisciplinary ScienceCarleton UniversityOttawaOntarioCanada
- Institut de BiologieUniversité de NeuchâtelNeuchâtelSwitzerland
| | - Rose E. O'Dea
- Evolution & Ecology Research Centre and School of Biological and Environmental SciencesUniversity of New South WalesSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Kecia A. Kerr
- Canadian Parks and Wilderness Society (CPAWS) ‐ Northern Alberta, Edmonton, AlbertaCanada
| | - Trina Rytwinski
- Canadian Centre for Evidence‐Based Conservation, Department of Biology and Institute of Environmental and Interdisciplinary ScienceCarleton UniversityOttawaOntarioCanada
| | - Richard Schuster
- Nature Conservancy of CanadaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
- Department of BiologyCarleton UniversityOttawaOntarioCanada
| | - Vivian M. Nguyen
- Canadian Centre for Evidence‐Based Conservation, Department of Biology and Institute of Environmental and Interdisciplinary ScienceCarleton UniversityOttawaOntarioCanada
| | - Nathan Young
- School of Sociological and Anthropological Studies, Faculty of Social SciencesUniversity of OttawaOttawaOntarioCanada
| | - Joseph R. Bennett
- Canadian Centre for Evidence‐Based Conservation, Department of Biology and Institute of Environmental and Interdisciplinary ScienceCarleton UniversityOttawaOntarioCanada
| | - Steven J. Cooke
- Canadian Centre for Evidence‐Based Conservation, Department of Biology and Institute of Environmental and Interdisciplinary ScienceCarleton UniversityOttawaOntarioCanada
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13
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Young N, Roche DG, Lennox RJ, Bennett JR, Cooke SJ. Ethical ecosurveillance: Mitigating the potential impacts on humans of widespread environmental monitoring. People and Nature 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pan3.10327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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14
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Meakin O, Young N, Woods S, Sherwin T. 675 IMPROVING RECOGNITION OF DELIRIUM IN CRITICAL CARE PATIENTS. Age Ageing 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afac034.675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Delirium is more prevalent in patients admitted to the critical care environment, those over 65 years old and living with frailty. By increasing the recognition of delirium we can improve management of patients and therefore reduce associated morbidity. Initial audit of this patient group highlighted that we are missing opportunities to screen for, diagnose and document the presence of delirium. This Quality Improvement project aimed to improve delirium screening, and therefore recognition, on the critical care unit at The Royal Bolton Hospital.
Method
A retrospective analysis of patients aged ≥65 years or with a CFS ≥5 admitted to critical care at The Royal Bolton Hospital over a 2-week period for each PDSA cycle. Three cycles were undertaken. The initial intervention was a local teaching session for medical and nursing staff on critical care. The second intervention was to display delirium information posters throughout critical care which encouraged recognition and screening of delirium.
Results
Prior to intervention 9% of this patient group were assessed for delirium on admission to critical care and 55% were re-assessed at some point during their admission. After the initial intervention these numbers significantly improved to 33% and 80% respectively. After the second intervention 8% were screened on admission and 69% were re-assessed. Missed opportunities to document delirium as a diagnosis remained similar throughout all cycles.
Conclusion
We can improve delirium screening via regular educational sessions for medical and nursing staff on critical care. Information posters do not appear to have as much impact. There is scope to improve documentation of delirium as a diagnosis which would further aid in management and outcomes. We suggest a further PDSA cycle with an intervention to address this.
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15
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Piczak ML, Kadykalo AN, Cooke SJ, Young N. Natural Resource Managers Use and Value Western-Based Science, but Barriers to Access Persist. Environ Manage 2022; 69:17-30. [PMID: 34800133 DOI: 10.1007/s00267-021-01558-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Natural resources management (NRM) is complex and relies on decisions supported by evidence, including Western-based science (WBS) and Indigenous and local knowledge. However, it has been shown that there is a disconnect between WBS and its application, whereby managers often draw on non-empirical sources of information (i.e., intuition or advice from colleagues). This article focuses on the role of WBS in decisions made in management of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in the province of British Columbia, Canada. We conducted open-ended interviews with NRM branches of Indigenous and parliamentary governments, as well as with nongovernmental stakeholder groups, to examine (a) sources of WBS consulted in decision-making and (b) barriers to accessing WBS by managers. We found that respondents involved with NRM relied on a diverse set of sources for WBS, seldom relying exclusively on one source. However, respondents relied more on internal sources (government databases) compared to external ones (peer-reviewed journal articles). We also found that respondents described WBS as valuable and generally accessible, yet barriers were identified with respect to the interface and organization of government grey data and literature, paywalls associated with peer-reviewed journals and articles, and institutional capacity, time, and support. We recommend strategies and tools to facilitate accessibility of WBS in support of bridging the knowledge-action divide, including increased publishing of open access data/articles, systematic reviews, use of knowledge brokers, specialized WBS training, and knowledge co-production. It is our hope that identification of barriers and the implementation of improved access to WBS will result in more effective NRM by giving managers access to the tools and knowledge they need for evidence-based decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgan L Piczak
- Fish Ecology and Conservation Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology and Institute of Environmental and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
| | - Andrew N Kadykalo
- Fish Ecology and Conservation Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology and Institute of Environmental and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Steven J Cooke
- Fish Ecology and Conservation Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology and Institute of Environmental and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Nathan Young
- School of Sociological and Anthropological Studies, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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16
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Reid AJ, Young N, Hinch SG, Cooke SJ. Learning from Indigenous knowledge holders on the state and future of wild Pacific salmon. Facets (Ott) 2022. [DOI: 10.1139/facets-2021-0089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
In response to colonial research paradigms that have subjugated Indigenous Peoples, knowledges, lands, and waters, Indigenous research methodologies have emerged to center Indigenous visions and voices in research practice. Here, we employ such methodologies to improve collective understanding of the state and future of wild Pacific salmon ( Oncorhynchus spp.) and fish–people–place relationships across British Columbia’s three largest salmon-producing rivers: the Fraser, Skeena, and Nass. Through partnerships with 18 communities of “Salmon People” and semi-structured interviews with 48 knowledge holders (i.e., Elders), we learned that, on average, Elders spent more than half of a century actively engaged in salmon fishing and processing. Modern salmon catches are reported to be approximately one-sixth of what they were estimated to be five to seven decades ago, and the top five threats to salmon identified by Elders included ( i) aquaculture, ( ii) climate change, ( iii) contaminants, ( iv) industrial development, and ( v) infectious diseases. Threat priorities varied regionally, reflecting distinct lived experiences and regional variation in the prevalence and impact of different threats. Elders perceived threats to salmon equally as threats to aquatic health and human well-being, with evidence that the relationships between people and water, and salmon and people, are being profoundly transformed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea J. Reid
- Department of Biology and Institute of Environmental and Interdisciplinary Science, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada
- Department of Forest and Conservation Sciences, University of British Columbia, 2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Centre for Indigenous Fisheries, Institute for the Oceans and Fisheries, University of British Columbia, 2202 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Nathan Young
- School of Sociological and Anthropological Studies, University of Ottawa, 120 University Private, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Scott G. Hinch
- Department of Forest and Conservation Sciences, University of British Columbia, 2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Steven J. Cooke
- Department of Biology and Institute of Environmental and Interdisciplinary Science, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada
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17
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Nguyen VM, Bell C, Berseth V, Cvitanovic C, Darwent R, Falconer M, Hutchen J, Kapoor T, Klenk N, Young N. Promises and pitfalls of digital knowledge exchange resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic. Socioecol Pract Res 2021; 3:427-439. [PMID: 34849455 PMCID: PMC8613463 DOI: 10.1007/s42532-021-00097-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
In this article, we integrate our authorship experiences with insights from nine interviews of knowledge exchange practitioners at the Canadian Forest Service about challenges and opportunities of digital knowledge exchange (KE) brought on by the COVID-19 pandemic. We aim to inform how best to maintain effective KE practices and processes in a digital-first world. Interpersonal trust and relationships are pivotal to effective knowledge exchange; thus, removing these dimensions risks losing aspects of social learning, informal and meaningful discussions, and personal connections that affect how we interpret and respond to subtle affective and social cues. For KE practitioners, lack of in-person interactions risks internal KE coordination and relevance of KE work, and diminished ability to predict and respond to user needs. However, the accelerated digital adoption has increased reach and accessibility for diverse people to exchange knowledge, and enables more frequent and rapid response to issues and events by virtually gathering diverse people almost instantly. The acceleration in digital innovation and culture has thus resulted in new tools and diversified approaches for the KE toolbox to inform decisions and practices. The long-term sustainability and effectiveness of digital KE depend on two interconnected factors: addressing the persistence of the digital divide and people's abilities to make and maintain meaningful social connections in the absence of regular face-to-face contact. We thus offer three considerations to guide KE efforts and initiative in a digital-first world: (1) consider both digital divide and equity; (2) revisit user needs and preferences for KE to address the diversity of users, and (3) leverage the diversification of KE approaches and innovations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivian M. Nguyen
- Institute of Environmental and Interdisciplinary Science, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, ON K1S5B6 Canada
- Biology Department, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, ON K1S5B6 Canada
| | - Christina Bell
- School of Sociological and Anthropological Studies, University of Ottawa, 120 University Private, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Valerie Berseth
- Biology Department, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, ON K1S5B6 Canada
| | - Christopher Cvitanovic
- Australian National Centre for the Public Awareness of Science, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Ray Darwent
- Natural Resources Canada - Canadian Forest Service, Northern Forestry Centre, 5320-122nd Street, Edmonton, AB T6H 3S5 Canada
| | - Matthew Falconer
- Natural Resources Canada - Canadian Forest Service, 580 Booth St, Ottawa, ON Canada
| | - Jenna Hutchen
- Biology Department, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, ON K1S5B6 Canada
| | - Tyreen Kapoor
- Biology Department, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, ON K1S5B6 Canada
| | - Nicole Klenk
- Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, 1065 Military Trail, Toronto, ON M1C 1A4 Canada
| | - Nathan Young
- School of Sociological and Anthropological Studies, University of Ottawa, 120 University Private, Ottawa, Canada
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18
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Howarth A, Jeanson AL, Abrams AEI, Beaudoin C, Mistry I, Berberi A, Young N, Nguyen VM, Landsman SJ, Kadykalo AN, Danylchuk AJ, Cooke SJ. COVID-19 restrictions and recreational fisheries in Ontario, Canada: Preliminary insights from an online angler survey. Fish Res 2021; 240:105961. [PMID: 36540896 PMCID: PMC9754797 DOI: 10.1016/j.fishres.2021.105961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic and corresponding public health mitigation strategies have altered many facets of human life. And yet, little is known about how public health measures have impacted complex socio-ecological systems such as recreational fisheries. Using an online snowball survey, we targeted resident anglers in Ontario, Canada, to obtain preliminary insights on how the pandemic has impacted recreational fishing and related activity. We also explored angler perspectives on pandemic-related restrictions and other aspects of fisheries management. Our results point to the value of recreational fisheries for the mental and physical well-being of participants, as well as the value and popularity of outdoor recreation during a pandemic. Although angling effort and fish consumption appeared to decline during the early phases of the pandemic, approximately 21 % of the anglers who responded to our survey self-identified as new entrants who had begun or resumed fishing in that time. Self-reported motivations to fish during the pandemic suggest that free time, importance to mental and physical health, and desires for self-sufficiency caused some anglers to fish more, whereas a lack of free time, poor or uncertain accessibility, and perceived risks caused some anglers to fish less. Respondents also expressed their desires for more clear and consistent communication about COVID-19 fishing restrictions from governments, and viewed angling as a safe pandemic activity. Information on recreational angler behaviours, motivations, and perspectives during the pandemic may prove valuable to fisheries managers and policy makers looking to optimize their strategies for confronting this and other similar crises.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Howarth
- Department of Biology, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Dr., Ottawa, ON, K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - A L Jeanson
- Department of Biology, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Dr., Ottawa, ON, K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - A E I Abrams
- Department of Biology, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Dr., Ottawa, ON, K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - C Beaudoin
- School of Sociological and Anthropological Studies, University of Ottawa, 120 University Private, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - I Mistry
- School of Sociological and Anthropological Studies, University of Ottawa, 120 University Private, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - A Berberi
- Department of Biology, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Dr., Ottawa, ON, K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - N Young
- School of Sociological and Anthropological Studies, University of Ottawa, 120 University Private, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - V M Nguyen
- Department of Biology, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Dr., Ottawa, ON, K1S 5B6, Canada
- Institute of Environmental and Interdisciplinary Science, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Dr., Ottawa, ON, K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - S J Landsman
- Institute of Environmental and Interdisciplinary Science, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Dr., Ottawa, ON, K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - A N Kadykalo
- Department of Biology, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Dr., Ottawa, ON, K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - A J Danylchuk
- Department of Environmental Conservation, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 160 Holdsworth Way, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - S J Cooke
- Department of Biology, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Dr., Ottawa, ON, K1S 5B6, Canada
- Institute of Environmental and Interdisciplinary Science, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Dr., Ottawa, ON, K1S 5B6, Canada
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19
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Nyboer EA, Nguyen VM, Young N, Rytwinski T, Taylor JJ, Lane JF, Bennett JR, Harron N, Aitken SM, Auld G, Browne D, Jacob AI, Prior K, Smith PA, Smokorowski KE, Alexander S, Cooke SJ. Supporting Actionable Science for Environmental Policy: Advice for Funding Agencies From Decision Makers. Front Conserv Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fcosc.2021.693129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Successful incorporation of scientific knowledge into environmental policy and decisions is a significant challenge. Although studies on how to bridge the knowledge-action gap have proliferated over the last decade, few have investigated the roles, responsibilities, and opportunities for funding bodies to meet this challenge. In this study we present a set of criteria gleaned from interviews with experts across Canada that can be used by funding bodies to evaluate the potential for proposed research to produce actionable knowledge for environmental policy and practice. We also provide recommendations for how funding bodies can design funding calls and foster the skills required to bridge the knowledge-action gap. We interviewed 84 individuals with extensive experience as knowledge users at the science-policy interface who work for environmentally-focused federal and provincial/territorial government bodies and non-governmental organizations. Respondents were asked to describe elements of research proposals that indicate that the resulting research is likely to be useful in a policy context, and what advice they would give to funding bodies to increase the potential impact of sponsored research. Twenty-five individuals also completed a closed-ended survey that followed up on these questions. Research proposals that demonstrated (1) a team with diverse expertise and experience in co-production, (2) a flexible research plan that aligns timelines and spatial scale with policy needs, (3) a clear and demonstrable link to a policy issue, and (4) a detailed and diverse knowledge exchange plan for reaching relevant stakeholders were seen as more promising for producing actionable knowledge. Suggested changes to funding models to enhance utility of funded research included (1) using diverse expertise to adjudicate awards, (2) supporting co-production and interdisciplinary research through longer grant durations and integrated reward structures, and (3) following-up on and rewarding knowledge exchange by conducting impact evaluation. The set of recommendations presented here can guide both funding agencies and research teams who wish to change how applied environmental science is conducted and improve its connection to policy and practice.
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20
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Jeanson AL, Cooke SJ, Danylchuk AJ, Young N. Drivers of pro-environmental behaviours among outdoor recreationists: The case of a recreational fishery in Western Canada. J Environ Manage 2021; 289:112366. [PMID: 33848883 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Pro-environmental behaviours (PEBs) are important for mitigation and restoration efforts in the Anthropocene. As recreationists are motivated to engage in leisure activities to increase their own personal wellbeing, we submit that threats to wellbeing (an egocentric motivator) predict engagement in PEBs amongst recreationists. We also predict that differences in experiences across groups of recreationists leads to differences in PEB engagement. Using an online survey, we test our two hypotheses (if recreationists perceive there is a threat to their wellbeing and that their behaviours can yield environmental successes, then they will be more likely to engage in PEBs, and if recreationists differ in recreational experiences then they will demonstrate differences in PEB engagement) amongst outdoor recreationists, specifically Canadian rainbow trout and steelhead anglers in British Columbia (n = 894 respondents). We define 'threat to wellbeing' as the interaction of environmental threat-perceptions of used environments for fishing, and level of centrality fishing has to one's lifestyle. To test our first hypothesis, we conducted three linear regressions corresponding to three different PEBs related to catch-and-release (C&R) fishing. Our egocentric predictor 'threat to wellbeing' was only significant for one out of the three PEBs tested, showing mixed support for our first hypothesis. It is of note that 'environmental threat perceptions' and one's belief in successes resulting from PEB engagement were found to be significant predictors for all three PEBs tested. These results suggest that predictors of PEB may not always be transferable across PEBs relating to recreational activities, and environmental threat perception and one's belief in successes resulting from PEB engagement are strong predictors of PEBs amongst recreationists. To test our second hypothesis, we conducted a Kruskal Wallis test to determine if there were significant differences across angler groups in PEB predictor scores and PEB engagement and conducted pairwise population Z-tests to determine proportional participation rates across angler groups for the three PEBs and PEB predictors investigated. Experiences were found to shape predictors of PEBs, as well as likelihood to engage in PEBs, as different angler groups targeting different fish (i.e., rainbow trout vs steelhead) and using different aquatic habitats (i.e., rivers vs. lakes) demonstrated significantly different scores for PEB predictors, as well as significantly different likelihood to engage in two of the three PEBs tested. These findings support the notion that recreationists are not a homogenous group, and that their beliefs and resulting behaviours during recreational activities are determined by their experiences in nature and can be influenced by the species with which they interact, and the habitats they use for recreation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A L Jeanson
- Fish Ecology and Conservation Physiology Laboratory, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, Ontario. K1S 5B6, Canada.
| | - S J Cooke
- Fish Ecology and Conservation Physiology Laboratory, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, Ontario. K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - A J Danylchuk
- Department of Environmental Conservation, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - N Young
- School of Sociological and Anthropological Studies, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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Ferrada M, Sikora K, Lou Y, Wells K, Patel B, Ospina Cardona D, Rose E, Goodspeed W, Hoffman P, Jones A, Wilson L, Young N, Savic S, Kastner D, Ombrello A, Beck D, Grayson P. OP0090 CLASSIFICATION OF PATIENTS WITH RELAPSING POLYCHONDRITIS BASED ON SOMATIC MUTATIONS IN UBA1. Ann Rheum Dis 2021. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-eular.3422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Background:Somatic mutations in ubiquitin activating enzyme 1 (UBA1) cause a newly defined syndrome known as VEXAS. [1] More than fifty percent of patients currently identified with VEXAS meet diagnostic criteria for relapsing polychondritis (RP).Objectives:To determine the prevalence VEXAS within a cohort of patients with RP, to compare their clinical, laboratory, and immunologic features and to develop a clinical algorithm to inform genetic screening for VEXAS among patients with RP.Methods:Exome and targeted sequencing of the UBA1 gene was performed in a prospective observational cohort of patients with RP. Clinical and immunological characteristics of patients with RP were compared based on presence or absence of UBA1 mutations. Random forest was used to derive a clinical algorithm to identify patients with UBA1 mutations. Immune populations were quantified by multipanel flow cytometry. Categorical and continuous variables were compared using the chi square or Kruskal-Wallis test. P<0.05 defined statistical significance.Results:Seven of 92 patients with RP (7.6%) were confirmed to have UBA1 mutations (VEXAS-RP). Six additional patients with VEXAS-RP from other cohorts were included for subsequent analyses. Patients with VEXAS-RP were all male, older at disease onset, and commonly had fever, ear chondritis, skin involvement, deep vein thrombosis, and pulmonary infiltrates. Patients with RP as compared with VEXAS-RP had a significantly higher prevalence of airway chondritis, costochondritis and tenosynovitis/arthralgias. (Table). Mortality was significantly greater in VEXAS-RP than RP (27% vs 2% p=0.01). Maximum ESR, CRP, and mean corpuscular volume (MCV) values were significantly greater in VEXAS-RP. Absolute monocyte, lymphocyte, and platelet counts were significantly lower in VEXAS-RP. A decision tree based on male sex, MCV>100 fl and Platelet count<200 K/ul classified between VEXAS-RP and RP with 100% sensitivity and 96% specificity.Table 1.Clinical Characteristics of patients with RP vs VEXAS-RPAll Patientsn=98RPn=85VEXAS-RPn=13p valueDemographic CharacteristicsRace, White n (%)90 (92)77 (91)13 (100)0.59Sex, Male n (%)26 (27)13 (15)13 (100)<0.0001Age, Symptom onset, years, Median (IQR)38 (30-47)37 (28-43)56 (54-64)<0.0001Clinical SymptomsFever n (%)33 (34)20 (24)13 (100)<0.0001Ear chondritis n (%)61 (62)48 (56)13 (100)0.0015Nose chondritis n (%)83 (85)71 (84)12 (92)0.68Airway chondritis n (%)37 (38)37 (44)0 (0)0.0015Tenosynovitis/arthalgias n (%)83 (85)77 (91)6 (46)0.0005Skin involvement n (%)33 (34)22 (2611 (85)<0.0001Laboratory ValuesESR, mm/hr, median (IQR)12 (6-22)11 (5-19)66.5 (42-110)<0.0001CRP, mg/L, median (IQR)2.9 (0.8-9.6)1.9 (0.6-6.3)17.7 (9.6-99.5)<0.0001Platelet count (k/uL)246(201-299)258 (227-312)145 (100-169)<0.0001MCV fL93.05 (90-98)92.2 (89-95)105 (102-115)<0.0001Absolute lymphocyte count1.6 (1.1-2.3)1.78(1.4-2.4)0.92 (0.5-1.2)<0.0001CT scan abnormalitiesPulmonary infiltrates n (%)16 (16.33)6 (7.06)10 (77)<0.0001ComplicationsDeath n (%)6 (6)3 (4)3 (23)0.029Unprovoked DVT12 (12)4 (5)8 (62)<0.0001N number; IQR = interquartile rangeConclusion:Mutations in UBA1 are causal for disease in a subset of patients with RP. These patients are defined by disease onset in the fifth decade of life or later, male sex, ear/nose chondritis and hematologic abnormalities. Early identification is important in VEXAS given the associated high mortality rate.References:[1]Beck DB, Ferrada MA, Sikora KA, Ombrello AK, Collins JC, Pei W, Balanda N, Ross DL, Ospina Cardona D, Wu Z et al: Somatic Mutations in UBA1 and Severe Adult-Onset Autoinflammatory Disease. N Engl J Med 2020, 383(27):2628-2638.Disclosure of Interests:None declared
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Thomas‐Walters L, Nyboer EA, Taylor JJ, Rytwinski T, Lane JF, Young N, Bennett JR, Nguyen VM, Harron N, Aitken SM, Auld G, Browne D, Jacob AL, Prior K, Smith PA, Smokorowski KE, Alexander SM, Cooke SJ. An optimistic outlook on the use of evidence syntheses to inform environmental decision‐making. Conservat Sci and Prac 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/csp2.426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Thomas‐Walters
- Canadian Centre for Evidence‐Based Conservation, Department of Biology and Institute of Environmental and Interdisciplinary Science Carleton University Ottawa Ontario Canada
- Biological and Environmental Sciences University of Stirling Stirling Scotland UK
| | - Elizabeth A. Nyboer
- Canadian Centre for Evidence‐Based Conservation, Department of Biology and Institute of Environmental and Interdisciplinary Science Carleton University Ottawa Ontario Canada
| | - Jessica J. Taylor
- Canadian Centre for Evidence‐Based Conservation, Department of Biology and Institute of Environmental and Interdisciplinary Science Carleton University Ottawa Ontario Canada
| | - Trina Rytwinski
- Canadian Centre for Evidence‐Based Conservation, Department of Biology and Institute of Environmental and Interdisciplinary Science Carleton University Ottawa Ontario Canada
| | - John F. Lane
- Canadian Centre for Evidence‐Based Conservation, Department of Biology and Institute of Environmental and Interdisciplinary Science Carleton University Ottawa Ontario Canada
| | - Nathan Young
- School of Sociological and Anthropological Studies University of Ottawa Ottawa Ontario Canada
| | - Joseph R. Bennett
- Canadian Centre for Evidence‐Based Conservation, Department of Biology and Institute of Environmental and Interdisciplinary Science Carleton University Ottawa Ontario Canada
| | - Vivian M. Nguyen
- Canadian Centre for Evidence‐Based Conservation, Department of Biology and Institute of Environmental and Interdisciplinary Science Carleton University Ottawa Ontario Canada
| | - Nathan Harron
- Canadian Centre for Evidence‐Based Conservation, Department of Biology and Institute of Environmental and Interdisciplinary Science Carleton University Ottawa Ontario Canada
| | - Susan M. Aitken
- Institute of Environmental and Interdisciplinary Science Carleton University Ottawa Ontario Canada
| | - Graeme Auld
- School of Public Policy and Administration Carleton University Ottawa Ontario Canada
| | - David Browne
- Conservation Science Canadian Wildlife Federation Kanata Ontario Canada
| | - Aerin L. Jacob
- Conservation Science Yellowstone to Yukon Conservation Initiative Canmore Alberta Canada
| | - Kent Prior
- Conservation Programs Branch Parks Canada Gatineau QC Canada
| | - Paul A. Smith
- Wildlife Research Division Environment and Climate Change Canada, National Wildlife Research Centre Ottawa Ontario Canada
| | - Karen E. Smokorowski
- Great Lakes Laboratory for Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences Fisheries and Oceans Canada Sault Ste. Marie Ontario Canada
| | - Steven M. Alexander
- Environment and Biodiversity Sciences Branch Fisheries and Oceans Canada Ottawa Ontario Canada
- Environmental Change and Governance Group University of Waterloo Waterloo Ontario Canada
| | - Steven J. Cooke
- Canadian Centre for Evidence‐Based Conservation, Department of Biology and Institute of Environmental and Interdisciplinary Science Carleton University Ottawa Ontario Canada
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Kadykalo AN, Cooke SJ, Young N. The role of western‐based scientific, Indigenous and local knowledge in wildlife management and conservation. People and Nature 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pan3.10194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew N. Kadykalo
- Fish Ecology and Conservation Physiology Laboratory Carleton University Ottawa ON Canada
- Department of Biology and Institute of Environmental and Interdisciplinary Sciences Carleton University Ottawa ON Canada
| | - Steven J. Cooke
- Fish Ecology and Conservation Physiology Laboratory Carleton University Ottawa ON Canada
- Department of Biology and Institute of Environmental and Interdisciplinary Sciences Carleton University Ottawa ON Canada
- Department of Geography and Environmental Studies Carleton University Ottawa ON Canada
| | - Nathan Young
- School of Sociological and Anthropological Studies University of Ottawa Ottawa ON Canada
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24
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Peach DAH, Carroll C, Meraj S, Gomes S, Galloway E, Balcita A, Coatsworth H, Young N, Uriel Y, Gries R, Lowenberger C, Moore M, Gries G. Correction to: Nectar-dwelling microbes of common tansy are attractive to its mosquito pollinator, Culex pipiens L. BMC Ecol Evol 2021; 21:37. [PMID: 33685389 PMCID: PMC7941694 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-021-01769-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- D A H Peach
- Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC, Canada. .,The University of British Columbia, 2329 West Mall, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
| | - C Carroll
- Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - S Meraj
- Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - S Gomes
- Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - E Galloway
- Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - A Balcita
- Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC, Canada.,University of Saskatchewan, 129-72 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - H Coatsworth
- Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC, Canada.,Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, 2055 Mowry Road, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - N Young
- Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - Y Uriel
- Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - R Gries
- Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - C Lowenberger
- Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - M Moore
- Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - G Gries
- Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC, Canada
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25
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Peach DAH, Carroll C, Meraj S, Gomes S, Galloway E, Balcita A, Coatsworth H, Young N, Uriel Y, Gries R, Lowenberger C, Moore M, Gries G. Nectar-dwelling microbes of common tansy are attractive to its mosquito pollinator, Culex pipiens L. BMC Ecol Evol 2021; 21:29. [PMID: 33593286 PMCID: PMC7885224 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-021-01761-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There is widespread interkingdom signalling between insects and microbes. For example, microbes found in floral nectar may modify its nutritional composition and produce odorants that alter the floral odor bouquet which may attract insect pollinators. Mosquitoes consume nectar and can pollinate flowers. We identified microbes isolated from nectar of common tansy, Tanacetum vulgare, elucidated the microbial odorants, and tested their ability to attract the common house mosquito, Culex pipiens. Results We collected 19 microbial isolates from T. vulgare nectar, representing at least 12 different taxa which we identified with 16S or 26S rDNA sequencing as well as by biochemical and physiological tests. Three microorganisms (Lachancea thermotolerans, Micrococcus lactis, Micrococcus luteus) were grown on culture medium and tested in bioassays. Only the yeast L. thermotolerans grown on nectar, malt extract agar, or in synthetic nectar broth significantly attracted Cx. pipiens females. The odorant profile produced by L. thermotolerans varied with the nutritional composition of the culture medium. All three microbes grown separately, but presented concurrently, attracted fewer Cx. pipiens females than L. thermotolerans by itself. Conclusions Floral nectar of T. vulgare contains various microbes whose odorants contribute to the odor profile of inflorescences. In addition, L. thermotolerans produced odorants that attract Cx. pipiens females. As the odor profile of L. thermotolerans varied with the composition of the culture medium, we hypothesize that microbe odorants inform nectar-foraging mosquitoes about the availability of certain macro-nutrients which, in turn, affect foraging decisions by mosquitoes.
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Affiliation(s)
- D A H Peach
- Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC, Canada. .,The University of British Columbia, 2329 West Mall, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
| | - C Carroll
- Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - S Meraj
- Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - S Gomes
- Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - E Galloway
- Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - A Balcita
- Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC, Canada.,University of Saskatchewan, 129-72 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - H Coatsworth
- Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC, Canada.,Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, 2055 Mowry Road, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - N Young
- Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - Y Uriel
- Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - R Gries
- Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - C Lowenberger
- Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - M Moore
- Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - G Gries
- Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC, Canada
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26
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Cooke S, Young N, Donaldson M, Nyboer E, Roche D, Madliger C, Lennox R, Chapman J, Faulkes Z, Bennett J. Ten strategies for avoiding and overcoming authorship conflicts in academic publishing. Facets (Ott) 2021. [DOI: 10.1139/facets-2021-0103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
For better or for worse, authorship is a currency in scholarly research and advancement. In scholarly writing, authorship is widely acknowledged as a means of conferring credit but is also tied to concepts such as responsibility and accountability. Authorship is one of the most divisive topics both at the level of the research team and more broadly in the academy and beyond. At present, authorship is often the primary way to assert and receive credit in many scholarly pursuits and domains. Debates rage, publicly but mostly privately, regarding authorship. Here we attempt to clarify key concepts related to authorship informed by our collective experiences and anchored in relevant contemporary literature. Rather than dwelling on the problems, we focus on proactive strategies for creating more just, equitable, and transparent avenues for minimizing conflict around authorship and where there is adequate recognition of the entire process of knowledge generation, synthesis, sharing, and application with partners within and beyond the academy. We frame our ideas around 10 strategies that collectively constitute a roadmap for avoiding and overcoming challenges associated with authorship decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- S.J. Cooke
- Department of Biology and Institute of Environmental and Interdisciplinary Science, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - N. Young
- School of Sociological and Anthropological Studies, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - M.R. Donaldson
- Department of Biology and Institute of Environmental and Interdisciplinary Science, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada
- Canadian Science Publishing, Ottawa, ON K2C 0P7, Canada
| | - E.A. Nyboer
- Department of Biology and Institute of Environmental and Interdisciplinary Science, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - D.G. Roche
- Department of Biology and Institute of Environmental and Interdisciplinary Science, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - C.L. Madliger
- Department of Biology and Institute of Environmental and Interdisciplinary Science, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - R.J. Lennox
- Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, Trondheim 7010, Norway
| | - J.M. Chapman
- School of Public Policy, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Z. Faulkes
- School of Interdisciplinary Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - J.R. Bennett
- Department of Biology and Institute of Environmental and Interdisciplinary Science, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada
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27
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Petralia F, Tignor N, Reva B, Koptyra M, Chowdhury S, Rykunov D, Krek A, Ma W, Zhu Y, Ji J, Calinawan A, Whiteaker JR, Colaprico A, Stathias V, Omelchenko T, Song X, Raman P, Guo Y, Brown MA, Ivey RG, Szpyt J, Guha Thakurta S, Gritsenko MA, Weitz KK, Lopez G, Kalayci S, Gümüş ZH, Yoo S, da Veiga Leprevost F, Chang HY, Krug K, Katsnelson L, Wang Y, Kennedy JJ, Voytovich UJ, Zhao L, Gaonkar KS, Ennis BM, Zhang B, Baubet V, Tauhid L, Lilly JV, Mason JL, Farrow B, Young N, Leary S, Moon J, Petyuk VA, Nazarian J, Adappa ND, Palmer JN, Lober RM, Rivero-Hinojosa S, Wang LB, Wang JM, Broberg M, Chu RK, Moore RJ, Monroe ME, Zhao R, Smith RD, Zhu J, Robles AI, Mesri M, Boja E, Hiltke T, Rodriguez H, Zhang B, Schadt EE, Mani DR, Ding L, Iavarone A, Wiznerowicz M, Schürer S, Chen XS, Heath AP, Rokita JL, Nesvizhskii AI, Fenyö D, Rodland KD, Liu T, Gygi SP, Paulovich AG, Resnick AC, Storm PB, Rood BR, Wang P. Integrated Proteogenomic Characterization across Major Histological Types of Pediatric Brain Cancer. Cell 2020; 183:1962-1985.e31. [PMID: 33242424 PMCID: PMC8143193 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.10.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
We report a comprehensive proteogenomics analysis, including whole-genome sequencing, RNA sequencing, and proteomics and phosphoproteomics profiling, of 218 tumors across 7 histological types of childhood brain cancer: low-grade glioma (n = 93), ependymoma (32), high-grade glioma (25), medulloblastoma (22), ganglioglioma (18), craniopharyngioma (16), and atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumor (12). Proteomics data identify common biological themes that span histological boundaries, suggesting that treatments used for one histological type may be applied effectively to other tumors sharing similar proteomics features. Immune landscape characterization reveals diverse tumor microenvironments across and within diagnoses. Proteomics data further reveal functional effects of somatic mutations and copy number variations (CNVs) not evident in transcriptomics data. Kinase-substrate association and co-expression network analysis identify important biological mechanisms of tumorigenesis. This is the first large-scale proteogenomics analysis across traditional histological boundaries to uncover foundational pediatric brain tumor biology and inform rational treatment selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Petralia
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences and Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Nicole Tignor
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences and Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Boris Reva
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences and Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Mateusz Koptyra
- Center for Data-Driven Discovery in Biomedicine, Division of Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Division of Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Shrabanti Chowdhury
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences and Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Dmitry Rykunov
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences and Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Azra Krek
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences and Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Weiping Ma
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences and Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Yuankun Zhu
- Center for Data-Driven Discovery in Biomedicine, Division of Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Division of Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jiayi Ji
- Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Anna Calinawan
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences and Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | | | - Antonio Colaprico
- Department of Public Health Science, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Vasileios Stathias
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute for Data Science and Computing, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33146, USA
| | - Tatiana Omelchenko
- Cell Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Xiaoyu Song
- Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Pichai Raman
- Center for Data-Driven Discovery in Biomedicine, Division of Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Bioinformatics and Health Informatics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Division of Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Yiran Guo
- Center for Data-Driven Discovery in Biomedicine, Division of Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Division of Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Miguel A Brown
- Center for Data-Driven Discovery in Biomedicine, Division of Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Division of Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Richard G Ivey
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - John Szpyt
- Thermo Fisher Scientific Center for Multiplexed Proteomics, Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Sanjukta Guha Thakurta
- Thermo Fisher Scientific Center for Multiplexed Proteomics, Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Marina A Gritsenko
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354, USA
| | - Karl K Weitz
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354, USA
| | - Gonzalo Lopez
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences and Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Selim Kalayci
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences and Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Zeynep H Gümüş
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences and Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Seungyeul Yoo
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences and Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | | | - Hui-Yin Chang
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Karsten Krug
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02412, USA
| | - Lizabeth Katsnelson
- Institute for Systems Genetics; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Ying Wang
- Institute for Systems Genetics; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Jacob J Kennedy
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | | | - Lei Zhao
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Krutika S Gaonkar
- Center for Data-Driven Discovery in Biomedicine, Division of Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Bioinformatics and Health Informatics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Division of Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Brian M Ennis
- Center for Data-Driven Discovery in Biomedicine, Division of Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Division of Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Bo Zhang
- Center for Data-Driven Discovery in Biomedicine, Division of Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Division of Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Valerie Baubet
- Center for Data-Driven Discovery in Biomedicine, Division of Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Division of Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Lamiya Tauhid
- Center for Data-Driven Discovery in Biomedicine, Division of Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Division of Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jena V Lilly
- Center for Data-Driven Discovery in Biomedicine, Division of Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Division of Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jennifer L Mason
- Center for Data-Driven Discovery in Biomedicine, Division of Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Division of Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Bailey Farrow
- Center for Data-Driven Discovery in Biomedicine, Division of Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Division of Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Nathan Young
- Center for Data-Driven Discovery in Biomedicine, Division of Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Division of Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Sarah Leary
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA 98105, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Jamie Moon
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354, USA
| | - Vladislav A Petyuk
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354, USA
| | - Javad Nazarian
- Children's National Research Institute, George Washington University School of Medicine, Washington, DC 20010, USA; Department of Oncology, Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zürich, Zürich 8032, Switzerland
| | - Nithin D Adappa
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - James N Palmer
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Robert M Lober
- Department of Neurosurgery, Dayton Children's Hospital, Dayton, OH 45404, USA
| | - Samuel Rivero-Hinojosa
- Children's National Research Institute, George Washington University School of Medicine, Washington, DC 20010, USA
| | - Liang-Bo Wang
- Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 631110, USA; McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63108, USA
| | - Joshua M Wang
- Institute for Systems Genetics; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Matilda Broberg
- Institute for Systems Genetics; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Rosalie K Chu
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354, USA
| | - Ronald J Moore
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354, USA
| | - Matthew E Monroe
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354, USA
| | - Rui Zhao
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354, USA
| | - Richard D Smith
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354, USA
| | - Jun Zhu
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences and Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Ana I Robles
- Office of Cancer Clinical Proteomics Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Mehdi Mesri
- Office of Cancer Clinical Proteomics Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Emily Boja
- Office of Cancer Clinical Proteomics Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Tara Hiltke
- Office of Cancer Clinical Proteomics Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Henry Rodriguez
- Office of Cancer Clinical Proteomics Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Bing Zhang
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Eric E Schadt
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences and Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - D R Mani
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02412, USA
| | - Li Ding
- Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 631110, USA; McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63108, USA; Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Antonio Iavarone
- Institute for Cancer Genetics, Department of Neurology, Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Maciej Wiznerowicz
- Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznań, Poland; International Institute for Molecular Oncology, 61-203 Poznań, Poland
| | - Stephan Schürer
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute for Data Science and Computing, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33146, USA
| | - Xi S Chen
- Department of Public Health Science, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA; Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Allison P Heath
- Center for Data-Driven Discovery in Biomedicine, Division of Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Division of Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jo Lynne Rokita
- Center for Data-Driven Discovery in Biomedicine, Division of Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Bioinformatics and Health Informatics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Division of Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Alexey I Nesvizhskii
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Computational Medicine & Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - David Fenyö
- Institute for Systems Genetics; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Karin D Rodland
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354, USA; Department of Cell, Developmental, and Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97221, USA
| | - Tao Liu
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354, USA
| | - Steven P Gygi
- Thermo Fisher Scientific Center for Multiplexed Proteomics, Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | | | - Adam C Resnick
- Center for Data-Driven Discovery in Biomedicine, Division of Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Division of Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - Phillip B Storm
- Center for Data-Driven Discovery in Biomedicine, Division of Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Division of Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - Brian R Rood
- Children's National Research Institute, George Washington University School of Medicine, Washington, DC 20010, USA.
| | - Pei Wang
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences and Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.
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Maurer JM, Schaefer JM, Russell JB, Rupper S, Wangdi N, Putnam AE, Young N. Seismic observations, numerical modeling, and geomorphic analysis of a glacier lake outburst flood in the Himalayas. Sci Adv 2020; 6:6/38/eaba3645. [PMID: 32938673 PMCID: PMC7494340 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aba3645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Glacial lake outburst floods (GLOFs) are a substantial hazard for downstream communities in vulnerable regions, yet unpredictable triggers and remote source locations make GLOF dynamics difficult to measure and quantify. Here, we revisit a destructive GLOF that occurred in Bhutan in 1994 and apply cross-correlation-based seismic analyses to track the evolution of the GLOF remotely (~100 kilometers from the source region). We use the seismic observations along with eyewitness reports and a downstream gauge station to constrain a numerical flood model and then assess geomorphic change and current state of the unstable lakes via satellite imagery. Coherent seismic energy is evident from 1 to 5 hertz beginning approximately 5 hours before the flood impacted Punakha village, which originated at the source lake and advanced down the valley during the GLOF duration. Our analysis highlights potential benefits of using real-time seismic monitoring to improve early warning systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Maurer
- Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, Palisades, NY 10964, USA.
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - J M Schaefer
- Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, Palisades, NY 10964, USA
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - J B Russell
- Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, Palisades, NY 10964, USA
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - S Rupper
- Department of Geography, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - N Wangdi
- Center for Water, Climate, and Environmental Policy, Bumthang, Bhutan
| | - A E Putnam
- School of Earth and Climate Sciences and Climate Change Institute, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA
| | - N Young
- Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, Palisades, NY 10964, USA
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
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Hassan MG, Kaler H, Zhang B, Cox TC, Young N, Jheon AH. Effects of Multi-Generational Soft Diet Consumption on Mouse Craniofacial Morphology. Front Physiol 2020; 11:783. [PMID: 32754047 PMCID: PMC7367031 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Variations in craniofacial morphology may arise as a result of adaptation to different environmental factors such as soft diet (SD), which lessens functional masticatory load. Prior studies have shown that changes in the masticatory muscle function associated with a switch to short-term SD led to changes in craniofacial morphology and alveolar bone architecture. However, the long-term effects of SD and the associated adaptive changes in craniofacial shape are unclear. Our novel study set out to profile prospective skull changes in mice fed with SDs over multiple generations using three-dimensional (3D) geometric morphometric analysis (GMA). Our results revealed that short-term SD consumption led to a significant decrease in craniofacial size, along with numerous shape changes. Long-term SD consumption over 15 continuous generations was not associated with changes in craniofacial size; however, shape analysis revealed mice with shortened crania and mandibles in the anteroposterior dimension, as well as relative widening in the transverse dimension compared to the average shape of all mice analyzed in our study. Moreover, changes in shape and size associated with different functional loads appeared to be independent - shape changes persisted after diets were switched for one generation, whereas size decreased after one generation and then returned to baseline size. Our study is the first to study the role of prolonged, multi-generational SD consumption in the determination of craniofacial size and shape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed G. Hassan
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
- Program in Craniofacial Biology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Harjot Kaler
- Program in Craniofacial Biology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Bin Zhang
- Program in Craniofacial Biology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Timothy C. Cox
- Center for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Nathan Young
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Andrew H. Jheon
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Divisions of Craniofacial Anomalies and Orthodontics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nathan Young
- Division of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
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Schlesinger N, Jablonski K, Schwarz E, Young N. AB0933 PHYSICAL ACTIVITY DECREASES PAIN AND INFLAMMATION IN GOUT PATIENTS. Ann Rheum Dis 2020. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Background:Despite the high prevalence of gout, there has been little investigation into the relationship between physical activity and gout.Objectives:To investigate whether physically active gout patients, as assessed by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) long form, have lower pain scores, decreased inflammation, assessed by C-reactive protein (CRP) levels and less flares.Methods:During scheduled appointments, gout patients not experiencing a flare at the time of visit were recruited from our clinics and consented to participate in the study. IPAQ were completed. Clinical data collected during the visit included age, years since diagnosis, flares per year, perceived pain at the time of visit and in the past 4 weeks, and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels.Results:Thirty gout patients were recruited. Ages 31-86 (mean 61); duration of gout: one- 43 years (mean 9). IPAQ, separated gout patients into physically active (n=16) and physically inactive cohorts (n=14) (p<0.001. Physically active gout patients had over 12-fold fewer gout flares per year (p<0.01); 10-fold less CRP (p<0.01, a 4.6-fold decrease in perceived pain at the time of visit (p<0.01), and a 2.8-fold decrease in perceived pain over the past 4-week period (p<0.05).Conclusion:This is the first study using a validated physical activity tool, IPAQ, to assess physical activity in gout patients. In this study, physically active gout patients were found to have lower CRP levels, less flares per year, and decreased pain perception compared to those that are not physically active, highlighting, the importance of incorporating physical activity as a possible adjunct treatment option during intervals between flares.References:[1]Benatti FB, Pedersen BK. Exercise as an anti-inflammatory therapy for rheumatic diseases-myokine regulation. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2015;11:86-97.[2]Hagströmer M, Oja P, Sjöström M. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ): a study of concurrent and construct validity. Public Health Nutr 2006;9:755-62.[3]Young NA, Jablonski K, Sharma J, Thomas E, Snoad B, Hampton J, et al. Low and Moderate Intensity Exercise Suppresses Inflammatory Responses in an Acute Mouse Model of Gout and Suggests Therapeutic Efficacy [abstract]. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2017;69 (suppl 10).Disclosure of Interests:Naomi Schlesinger Grant/research support from: Pfizer, AMGEN, Consultant of: Novartis, Horizon Pharma, Selecta Biosciences, Olatec, IFM Therapeutics, Mallinckrodt Pharmaceuticals, Speakers bureau: Takeda, Horizon, Kyle jablonski: None declared, Emmy schwarz: None declared, Nicholas Young: None declared
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Lennox RJ, Harcourt R, Bennett JR, Davies A, Ford AT, Frey RM, Hayward MW, Hussey NE, Iverson SJ, Kays R, Kessel ST, Mcmahon C, Muelbert M, Murray TS, Nguyen VM, Pye JD, Roche DG, Whoriskey FG, Young N, Cooke SJ. A Novel Framework to Protect Animal Data in a World of Ecosurveillance. Bioscience 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/biosci/biaa035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Surveillance of animal movements using electronic tags (i.e., biotelemetry) has emerged as an essential tool for both basic and applied ecological research and monitoring. Advances in animal tracking are occurring simultaneously with changes to technology, in an evolving global scientific culture that increasingly promotes data sharing and transparency. However, there is a risk that misuse of biotelemetry data could increase the vulnerability of animals to human disturbance or exploitation. For the most part, telemetry data security is not a danger to animals or their ecosystems, but for some high-risk cases, as with species’ with high economic value or at-risk populations, available knowledge of their movements may promote active disturbance or worse, potential poaching. We suggest that when designing animal tracking studies it is incumbent on scientists to consider the vulnerability of their study animals to risks arising from the implementation of the proposed program, and to take preventative measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert J Lennox
- Fish Ecology and Conservation Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Laboratory for Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, part of the Norwegian Research Centre (NORCE), Bergen, Norway
| | - Robert Harcourt
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Joseph R Bennett
- Institute of Environmental and Interdisciplinary Science and the Department of Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alasdair Davies
- Conservation Technology Unit of the Zoological Society of London, London, England
| | - Adam T Ford
- Department of Biology, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Remo M Frey
- Department of Management, Technology, and Economics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Matt W Hayward
- Centre for Conservation Ecology, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa, with the College of Natural Sciences, Bangor University, Bangor, United Kingdom, and with the School of Environmental and Life Sciences, the University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Nigel E Hussey
- Department of Biological Sciences, the University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sara J Iverson
- Ocean Tracking Network, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
- Department of Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Roland Kays
- Department of Forestry and Environmental Resources, North Carolina State University, and with the North Carolina Museum of Natural Sciences, both in Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Steven T Kessel
- Daniel P. Haerther Center for Conservation and Research, the John G. Shedd Aquarium, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Clive Mcmahon
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Monica Muelbert
- Instituto de Oceanografia, Rio Grande, Rio Grande de Sul, Brazil
| | - Taryn S Murray
- South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity, Grahamstown, South Africa
| | - Vivian M Nguyen
- Institute of Environmental and Interdisciplinary Science and the Department of Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jonathan D Pye
- Ocean Tracking Network, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Dominique G Roche
- Fish Ecology and Conservation Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Biology, the University of Neuchâtel, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Frederick G Whoriskey
- Ocean Tracking Network, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
- Department of Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Nathan Young
- Department of Sociology and Anthropology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Steven J Cooke
- Fish Ecology and Conservation Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Environmental and Interdisciplinary Science and the Department of Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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Young N, Cooke SJ, Hinch SG, DiGiovanni C, Corriveau M, Fortin S, Nguyen VM, Solås AM. "Consulted to death": Personal stress as a major barrier to environmental co-management. J Environ Manage 2020; 254:109820. [PMID: 31733471 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.109820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Co-management is widely seen as a way of improving environmental governance and empowering communities. When successful, co-management enhances the validity and legitimacy of decision-making, while providing stakeholders with influence over processes and outcomes that directly impact them. However, our research with participants in co-management across several cases leads us to argue that many of the individuals who contribute to co-management are subject to significant personal stress arising from both the logistical and social/emotional demands of participation in these processes. We argue that the literature on co-management has touched on this only indirectly, and that personal stress is a major challenge for participants that ought to be integrated into research agendas and addressed by policy-makers. In this article, we review the contours of the personal stress issue as it has appeared in our observations of co-management events and interviews with participants. While these findings are partial and preliminary, we argue that personal stress has theoretical and practical significance to the broader literature and process design. We conclude the article with recommendations for participants, researchers and policy-makers about how to consider and respond to problems of personal stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan Young
- School of Sociological and Anthropological Studies, University of Ottawa, 120 University Private, Ottawa, Ontario, K1N 6N5, Canada.
| | - Steven J Cooke
- Institute of Environmental and Interdisciplinary Science and Department of Biology, Carleton University 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, Ontario, K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Scott G Hinch
- Department of Forest and Conservation Sciences, University of British Columbia, 2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Celeste DiGiovanni
- Department of Geography, University of Ottawa, 60 University Private, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Marianne Corriveau
- School of Sociological and Anthropological Studies, University of Ottawa, 120 University Private, Ottawa, Ontario, K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Samuel Fortin
- Telfer School of Management, University of Ottawa, 55 Laurier Avenue East, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Vivian M Nguyen
- Institute of Environmental and Interdisciplinary Science, Carleton University 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, Ontario, K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Ann-Magnhild Solås
- Norwegian Institute of Food, Fisheries and Aquaculture Research (Nofima AS), Muninbakken 9, 9019, Tromsø, Norway
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Abstract
Tetrahymena rostrata is a ciliated protist which can parasitize the gray field slug, Deroceras reticulatum. Here, we report the sequence of the mitochondrial genome (mt genome) of a strain of T. rostrata that was isolated from the egg of D. reticulatum. Whole cell genomic DNA was sequenced using Illumina® MiSeq and the mitochondrial DNA sequence reads were extracted and assembled. The resulting 47,235 bp assembly contained rRNAs, tRNAs, and 45 protein coding DNA sequences of which 21 encoded proteins of unknown function. Phylogenetic analysis showed T. rostrata clustered with Tetrahymena thermophila, Tetrahymena pigmentosa, Tetrahymena pyriformis, Tetrahymena paravorax, and Tetrahymena malaccensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Watt
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, Melbourne Veterinary School, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - R Haites
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, Melbourne Veterinary School, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - N Young
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, Melbourne Veterinary School, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - H Billman-Jacobe
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, Melbourne Veterinary School, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
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Young N, Taetgmeyer M, Zulaika G, Aol G, Desai M, Ter Kuile F, Langley I. Integrating HIV, syphilis, malaria and anaemia point-of-care testing (POCT) for antenatal care at dispensaries in western Kenya: discrete-event simulation modelling of operational impact. BMC Public Health 2019; 19:1629. [PMID: 31795999 PMCID: PMC6892244 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-019-7739-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite WHO advocating for an integrated approach to antenatal care (ANC), testing coverage for conditions other than HIV remains low and women are referred to distant laboratories for testing. Using point-of-care tests (POCTs) at peripheral dispensaries could improve access to testing and timely treatment. However, the effect of providing additional services on nurse workload and client wait times are unknown. We use discrete-event simulation (DES) modelling to understand the effect of providing four point-of-care tests for ANC on nurse utilization and wait times for women seeking maternal and child health (MCH) services. METHODS We collected detailed time-motion data over 20 days from one high volume dispensary in western Kenya during the 8-month implementation period (2014-2015) of the intervention. We constructed a simulation model using empirical arrival distributions, activity durations and client pathways of women seeking MCH services. We removed the intervention from the model to obtain wait times, length-of-stay and nurse utilization rates for the baseline scenario where only HIV testing was offered for ANC. Additionally, we modelled a scenario where nurse consultations were set to have minimum durations for sufficient delivery of all WHO-recommended services. RESULTS A total of 183 women visited the dispensary for MCH services and 14 of these women received point-of-care testing (POCT). The mean difference in total waiting time was 2 min (95%CI: < 1-4 min, p = 0.026) for MCH women when integrated POCT was given, and 9 min (95%CI: 4-14 min, p < 0.001) when integrated POCT with adequate ANC consult times was given compared to the baseline scenario. Mean length-of-stay increased by 2 min (95%CI: < 1-4 min, p = 0.015) with integrated POCT and by 16 min (95%CI: 10-21 min, p < 0.001) with integrated POCT and adequate consult times compared to the baseline scenario. The two nurses' overall daily utilization in the scenario with sufficient minimum consult durations were 72 and 75%. CONCLUSION The intervention had a modest overall impact on wait times and length-of-stay for women seeking MCH services while ensuring pregnant women received essential diagnostic testing. Nurse utilization rates fluctuated among days: nurses experienced spikes in workload on some days but were under-utilized on the majority of days. Overall, our model suggests there was sufficient time to deliver all WHO's required ANC activities and offer integrated testing for ANC first and re-visits with the current number of healthcare staff. Further investigations on improving healthcare worker, availability, performance and quality of care are needed. Delivering four point-of-care tests together for ANC at dispensary level would be a low burden strategy to improve ANC.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Young
- Department of International Public Health, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK.
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK.
| | - M Taetgmeyer
- Department of International Public Health, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK
- Tropical Infectious Disease Unit, Royal Liverpool University Hospital, Liverpool, UK
| | - G Zulaika
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK
| | - G Aol
- Kenya Medical Research Institute, Center for Global Health Research, Kisumu, Kenya
| | - M Desai
- Malaria Branch, Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, Center for Global Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - F Ter Kuile
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK
| | - I Langley
- Department of International Public Health, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK
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Nguyen VM, Young N, Brownscombe JW, Cooke SJ. Collaboration and engagement produce more actionable science: quantitatively analyzing uptake of fish tracking studies. Ecol Appl 2019; 29:e01943. [PMID: 31161708 DOI: 10.1002/eap.1943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Aquatic telemetry technology generates new knowledge about the underwater world that can inform decision-making processes and thus can improve conservation and natural resource management. Still, there is lack of evidence on how telemetry-derived knowledge can or has informed management, and what factors facilitate or deter its use. We present one of the first quantitative studies related to the science-action gap and evaluate factors that influence the uptake of fish telemetry findings into policies and practices, as well as social acceptance of these findings. We globally surveyed 212 fish telemetry researchers regarding the knowledge uptake of an applied fish telemetry research project of their choice. Respondents' personal and professional attributes, as well as the attributes of their chosen projects, were analyzed using machine learning algorithms to identify important factors that influenced the uptake (i.e., use, trust, and/or acceptance) of their findings. Researchers with extensive collaborations and who spent more time engaging in public outreach experienced greater uptake of their findings. Respondents with greater telemetry experience and commitment (e.g., more telemetry publications, higher proportion of research on fish telemetry) tended to achieve more social acceptance of their findings. Projects led by researchers who were highly involved and familiar with the fisheries management processes, and those where greater effort was devoted to research dissemination, also tended to experience greater uptake. Last, the levels of complexity and controversy of the issue addressed by the research project had a positive influence on the uptake of findings. The empirical results of this study support recent messages in the science practitioner literature for greater collaboration, knowledge co-production with partners, and public engagement to enable the transfer of knowledge and the use of evidence in decision-making and policies. Scientific organizations should consider shifting reward incentives to promote engagement and collaboration with non-scientific actors, and perhaps even rethinking hiring practices to consider personal and professional characteristics or attitudes such as altruism and networking skills given the influence of these factors in our model. Last, networks composed of both research and practice potentially have a key role in brokering and facilitating knowledge exchange and actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivian M Nguyen
- Fish Ecology and Conservation Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Nathan Young
- Department of Sociology and Anthropology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Jacob W Brownscombe
- Fish Ecology and Conservation Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, K1S 5B6, Canada
- Department of Biology, Dalhousie University, 1355 Oxford Street, Halifax, Nova Scotia, B4H 4R2, Canada
| | - Steven J Cooke
- Fish Ecology and Conservation Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, K1S 5B6, Canada
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Kassardjian C, Park YS, Braksick S, Cutsforth-Gregory J, Robertson C, Young N, Leep Hunderfund A. Validity evidence for Quality Improvement Knowledge Application Tool Revised (QIKAT-R) scores: consequences of rater number and type using neurology cases. BMJ Qual Saf 2019; 28:925-933. [PMID: 30996038 DOI: 10.1136/bmjqs-2018-008689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Revised: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To develop neurology scenarios for use with the Quality Improvement Knowledge Application Tool Revised (QIKAT-R), gather and evaluate validity evidence, and project the impact of scenario number, rater number and rater type on score reliability. METHODS Six neurological case scenarios were developed. Residents were randomly assigned three scenarios before and after a quality improvement (QI) course in 2015 and 2016. For each scenario, residents crafted an aim statement, selected a measure and proposed a change to address a quality gap. Responses were scored by six faculty raters (two with and four without QI expertise) using the QIKAT-R. Validity evidence from content, response process, internal structure, relations to other variables and consequences was collected. A generalisability (G) study examined sources of score variability, and decision analyses estimated projected reliability for different numbers of raters and scenarios and raters with and without QI expertise. RESULTS Raters scored 163 responses from 28 residents. The mean QIKAT-R score was 5.69 (SD 1.06). G-coefficient and Phi-coefficient were 0.65 and 0.60, respectively. Interrater reliability was fair for raters without QI expertise (intraclass correlation = 0.53, 95% CI 0.30 to 0.72) and acceptable for raters with QI expertise (intraclass correlation = 0.66, 95% CI 0.02 to 0.88). Postcourse scores were significantly higher than precourse scores (6.05, SD 1.48 vs 5.22, SD 1.5; p < 0.001). Sufficient reliability for formative assessment (G-coefficient > 0.60) could be achieved by three raters scoring six scenarios or two raters scoring eight scenarios, regardless of rater QI expertise. CONCLUSIONS Validity evidence was sufficient to support the use of the QIKAT-R with multiple scenarios and raters to assess resident QI knowledge application for formative or low-stakes summative purposes. The results provide practical information for educators to guide implementation decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yoon Soo Park
- Department of Medical Education, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Sherri Braksick
- Department of Neurology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | | | | | - Nathan Young
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.,Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic Department of Health Sciences Research, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
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Marcucio R, Hu D, Hallgrimsson B, Young N. Emergent Properties of Facial Morphogenesis Regulated by Fgf Signaling. FASEB J 2019. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2019.33.1_supplement.774.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Diane Hu
- Orthopaedic SurgeryUCSFSan FranciscoCA
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Peach DAH, Gries R, Young N, Lakes R, Galloway E, Alamsetti SK, Ko E, Ly A, Gries G. Attraction of Female Aedes aegypti (L.) to Aphid Honeydew. Insects 2019; 10:insects10020043. [PMID: 30717169 PMCID: PMC6409638 DOI: 10.3390/insects10020043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Revised: 01/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Plant sugar is an essential dietary constituent for mosquitoes, and hemipteran honeydew is one of the many forms of plant sugar that is important to mosquitoes. Many insects rely on volatile honeydew semiochemicals to locate aphids or honeydew itself. Mosquitoes exploit volatile semiochemicals to locate sources of plant sugar but their attraction to honeydew has not previously been investigated. Here, we report the attraction of female yellow fever mosquitoes, Aedes aegypti, to honeydew odorants from the green peach aphid, Myzus persicae, and the pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum, feeding on fava bean, Vicia faba. We used solid phase micro-extraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry to collect and analyze headspace odorants from the honeydew of A. pisum feeding on V. faba. An eight-component synthetic blend of these odorants and synthetic odorant blends of crude and sterile honeydew that we prepared according to literature data all attracted female A. aegypti. The synthetic blend containing microbial odor constituents proved more effective than the blend without these constituents. Our study provides the first evidence for anemotactic attraction of mosquitoes to honeydew and demonstrates a role for microbe-derived odorants in the attraction of mosquitoes to essential plant sugar resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel A H Peach
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada.
| | - Regine Gries
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada.
| | - Nathan Young
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada.
| | - Robyn Lakes
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada.
| | - Erin Galloway
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada.
| | - Santosh Kumar Alamsetti
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada.
| | - Elton Ko
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada.
| | - Amy Ly
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada.
| | - Gerhard Gries
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada.
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Yousufuddin M, Young N, Shultz J, Doyle T, Fuerstenberg KM, Jensen K, Arumaithurai K, Murad MH. Predictors of Recurrent Hospitalizations and the Importance of These Hospitalizations for Subsequent Mortality After Incident Transient Ischemic Attack. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2019; 28:167-174. [PMID: 30340936 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2018.09.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Revised: 09/08/2018] [Accepted: 09/15/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We examined predictors of recurrent hospitalizations and the importance of these hospitalizations for subsequent mortality after incident transient ischemic attacks (TIA) that have not yet been investigated. METHODS Adults hospitalized for TIA from 2000 through 2017 were examined for recurrent hospitalizations, days, and percentage of time spent hospitalized and long-term mortality. RESULTS Of 266 patients hospitalized for TIA, 122 died, 212 had 826 anycondition hospitalization (59 from TIA-related conditions) corresponding to 3384 inpatient days during 1693 person-years of follow-up. Of 42 patient-level characteristics, age greater than or equal to 65 years (Incidence rate ratio [IRR] 1.75, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.19-2.55), current smoking (IRR 2.15, 95% CI 1.39-3.33), concurrent heart failure (IRR 1.81, 95% CI 1.17-2.80) or anemia (IRR 1.90, 95% CI 1.40-2.48), and no prescription statin (IRR 1.45, 95% CI 1.04-2.03, P = .0289) emerged as significant predictors of anycondition rehospitalization. All these variables except heart failure remained significant predictors of TIA-related rehospitalizations. All-cause mortality was significantly increased after each hospitalization from anycondition (hazard ratio [HR] 1.32, 95% CI 1.26-1.39), TIA-related condition (HR 1.72; 95% CI 1.28-2.30), and per each day (HR 1.05, 95% CI 1.04-1.05) and per 1% of follow-up time spent hospitalized from anycondition (HR 1.45, 95% CI 1.34-1.58). CONCLUSIONS Older age, current tobacco smoking, concurrent heart failure or anemia, and no prescription statin, easily measured patient-level characteristics, identifies patients with TIA at high risk for recurrent hospitalizations and the burden of these hospitalizations predicts subsequent mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nathan Young
- Division of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Jessica Shultz
- Division of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic Health System, Austin, Minnesota
| | - Taylor Doyle
- Division of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic Health System, Austin, Minnesota
| | | | - Kelsey Jensen
- Division of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic Health System, Austin, Minnesota
| | | | - Mohammad H Murad
- Center for the Science of Healthcare Delivery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota; Division of Preventive Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
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Young N. PATHS TO POSITIVITY: AGE DIFFERENCES IN APPRAISALS OF CONTROL AND THEIR CONTRIBUTION TO EMOTIONAL EXPERIENCE. Innov Aging 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igy031.3603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Richbourg HA, Young N, Takenaka R, Marcucio R. Quantifying the Genotype to Phenotype Map in Developing Mice. FASEB J 2018. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2018.32.1_supplement.lb529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Nathan Young
- Orthopaedic SurgeryUniversity of California San FranciscoSan FranciscoCA
| | - Risa Takenaka
- Orthopaedic SurgeryUniversity of California San FranciscoSan FranciscoCA
| | - Ralph Marcucio
- Orthopaedic SurgeryUniversity of California San FranciscoSan FranciscoCA
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Lainoff A, Young N, Hallgrimsson B, Marcucio R. Untangling Sources of Phenotypic Variation Characterizing the Craniofacial Disease Holoprosencephaly. FASEB J 2018. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2018.32.1_supplement.776.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Nathan Young
- Oral and Craniofacial ScienceUCSFSan FranciscoCA
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Elashiry M, Meghil MM, Kalathingal S, Buchanan A, Elrefai R, Looney S, Rajendran M, Ochieng M, Young N, Elawady A, Arce RM, Sandhage KH, Cutler CW. Application of radiopaque micro-particle fillers for 3-D imaging of periodontal pocket analogues using cone beam CT. Dent Mater 2018; 34:619-628. [PMID: 29395473 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2018.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Revised: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Periodontitis is an infectious/inflammatory disease most often diagnosed by deepening of the gingival sulcus, which leads to periodontal pockets (PPs) conventional manual periodontal probing does not provide detailed information on the three-dimensional (3-D) nature of PPs. OBJECTIVES To determine whether accurate 3-D analyses of the depths and volumes of calibrated PP analogues (PPAs) can be obtained by conventional cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) coupled with novel radiopaque micro-particle fillers (described in the companion paper) injected into the PPAs. METHODS Two PPA models were employed: (1) a human skull model with artificial gingiva applied to teeth with alveolar bone loss and calibrated PPAs, and (2) a pig jaw model with alveolar bone loss and surgically-induced PPAs The PPAs were filled with controlled amounts of radiopaque micro-particle filler using volumetric pipetting Inter-method and intra-method agreement tests were then used to compare the PPA depths and volumes obtained from CBCT images with values obtained by masked examiners using calibrated manual methods. RESULTS Significant inter-method agreement (0.938-0.991) and intra-method agreement (0.94-0.99) were obtained when comparing analog manual data to digital CBCT measurements enabled by the radiopaque filler. SIGNIFICANCE CBCT imaging with radiopaque micro-particle fillers is a plausible means of visualizing and digitally assessing the depths, volumes, and 3-D shapes of PPs This approach could transform the diagnosis and treatment planning of periodontal disease, with particular initial utility in complex cases Efforts to confirm the clinical practicality of these fillers are currently in progress.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Elashiry
- Department of Oral Biology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA; Department of Periodontics, The Dental College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.
| | - M M Meghil
- Department of Oral Biology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA; Department of Periodontics, The Dental College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - S Kalathingal
- Department of Diagnostic Science, The Dental College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - A Buchanan
- Department of Diagnostic Science, The Dental College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - R Elrefai
- Department of Prosthodontics, The Dental College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - S Looney
- Department of Biostatistics, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - M Rajendran
- Department of Periodontics, The Dental College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - M Ochieng
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - N Young
- Department of General Dentistry, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - A Elawady
- Department of Periodontics, The Dental College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - R M Arce
- Department of Periodontics, The Dental College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - K H Sandhage
- School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - C W Cutler
- Department of Periodontics, The Dental College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
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Yousufuddin M, Young N, Keenan L, Olson T, Shultz J, Doyle T, Ahmmad EM, Arumaithurai K, Takahashi P, Murad MH. Five-Year Mortality After Transient Ischemic Attack: Focus on Cardiometabolic Comorbidity and Hospital Readmission. Stroke 2018; 49:730-733. [PMID: 29339433 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.117.020022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Revised: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE We aimed at providing estimates of mortality associated with cardiometabolic comorbidity and incident readmission from cardiometabolic as compared with noncardiometabolic conditions after a first transient ischemic attack. METHODS Between 2000 and 2015, patients hospitalized for a first transient ischemic attack were examined for cardiometabolic comorbidities (diabetes mellitus, coronary artery disease, heart failure, and atrial fibrillation), 5-year incident hospitalization, and time to death. RESULTS Of 251 patients with transient ischemic attack, 134 (53%) had at least 1 and 55 (22%) had at least 2 cardiometabolic conditions. By 5 years, 491 readmissions (134 [27%] cardiometabolic and 357 [73%] noncardiometabolic) and 75 deaths (27 [36%] cardiometabolic and 47 [64%] noncardiometabolic) were observed. Mortality was increased with any concurrent cardiometabolic comorbidity (hazard ratio, 1.89; 95% confidence interval, 1.17-3.03; P=0.0089) with multiplicative mortality risk from a combination of coronary artery disease and heart failure. Each hospitalization was associated with a 1.5-fold risk of death (95% confidence interval, 1.37-1.64; P<0.0001). Risk of cardiometabolic and noncardiometabolic mortality was correlated with the corresponding category-specific readmission. CONCLUSIONS Among patients hospitalized for first transient ischemic attack, 5-year mortality is associated with concurrent cardiometabolic comorbidity and rates of subsequent hospitalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Yousufuddin
- From the Division of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic Health System, Austin, MN (M.Y., L.K., T.O., J.S., T.D., E.M.A., K.A.); and Division of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (N.Y., P.T., M.H.M.).
| | - Nathan Young
- From the Division of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic Health System, Austin, MN (M.Y., L.K., T.O., J.S., T.D., E.M.A., K.A.); and Division of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (N.Y., P.T., M.H.M.)
| | - Lawrence Keenan
- From the Division of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic Health System, Austin, MN (M.Y., L.K., T.O., J.S., T.D., E.M.A., K.A.); and Division of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (N.Y., P.T., M.H.M.)
| | - Tammy Olson
- From the Division of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic Health System, Austin, MN (M.Y., L.K., T.O., J.S., T.D., E.M.A., K.A.); and Division of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (N.Y., P.T., M.H.M.)
| | - Jessica Shultz
- From the Division of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic Health System, Austin, MN (M.Y., L.K., T.O., J.S., T.D., E.M.A., K.A.); and Division of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (N.Y., P.T., M.H.M.)
| | - Taylor Doyle
- From the Division of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic Health System, Austin, MN (M.Y., L.K., T.O., J.S., T.D., E.M.A., K.A.); and Division of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (N.Y., P.T., M.H.M.)
| | - Eimad M Ahmmad
- From the Division of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic Health System, Austin, MN (M.Y., L.K., T.O., J.S., T.D., E.M.A., K.A.); and Division of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (N.Y., P.T., M.H.M.)
| | - Kogulavadanan Arumaithurai
- From the Division of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic Health System, Austin, MN (M.Y., L.K., T.O., J.S., T.D., E.M.A., K.A.); and Division of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (N.Y., P.T., M.H.M.)
| | - Paul Takahashi
- From the Division of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic Health System, Austin, MN (M.Y., L.K., T.O., J.S., T.D., E.M.A., K.A.); and Division of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (N.Y., P.T., M.H.M.)
| | - Mohammad Hassan Murad
- From the Division of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic Health System, Austin, MN (M.Y., L.K., T.O., J.S., T.D., E.M.A., K.A.); and Division of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (N.Y., P.T., M.H.M.)
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Yousufuddin M, Young N, Keenan L, Olson T, Shultz J, Doyle T, Ahmmad E, Arumaithurai K, Takahashi P, Murad MH. Effect of early hospital readmission and comorbid conditions on subsequent long-term mortality after transient ischemic attack. Brain Behav 2017; 7:e00865. [PMID: 29299384 PMCID: PMC5745244 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The implications of early readmission on long-term mortality after transient ischemic attack (TIA) are not known. We aimed at examining the effect of 180-day readmission on subsequent long-term mortality after index hospitalization for TIA. METHODS A retrospective study of patients hospitalized for first-ever TIA at Mayo Clinic from 2000 through 2017. Patients readmitted within 180 days postdischarge were compared with those not readmitted in long-term risk of death. RESULTS Of 251 TIA patients aged 73 ± 15 years with 1509 person-years of follow-up, 65 (26%) were readmitted within 180 days of discharge and 125 died during a median follow-up of 5.7 years. The mortality was 10 vs. 7 deaths per 100 person-years in patients who were readmitted compared to those who were not readmitted with hazard ratio (HR) 1.73 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.13-2.66). Other competing predictors of mortality were age ≥65 years (HR 5.70, 95% CI 2.72-11.96), cancer (HR 1.65, 95% CI 1.03-3.38), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (HR 1.90, 95% CI 1.07-3.38), heart failure (HR 3.03, 95% CI 1.82-5.06), dementia (HR 5.87, 95% CI 3.27-10.52), creatinine ≥1.4 mg/dl (HR 1.89, 95% CI 1.17-3.06), and hemoglobin level <10 g/dl (HR 2.80, 95% CI 1.20-6.66). CONCLUSIONS Hospital readmission within 180 days of discharge from index TIA was associated with increased risk of death several years after initial readmission. Older age and several comorbidities identified during index hospitalization also confer increased risk for long-term mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nathan Young
- Division of Neurology Mayo Clinic Rochester MN USA
| | - Lawrence Keenan
- Division of Cardiology Mayo Clinic Health System Austin MN USA
| | - Tammy Olson
- Division of Hospital Medicine Mayo Clinic Health System Austin MN USA
| | - Jessica Shultz
- Division of Hospital Medicine Mayo Clinic Health System Austin MN USA
| | - Taylor Doyle
- Division of Hospital Medicine Mayo Clinic Health System Austin MN USA
| | - Eimad Ahmmad
- Division of Hospital Medicine Mayo Clinic Health System Austin MN USA
| | | | - Paul Takahashi
- Division of Primary Care Internal Medicine Mayo Clinic Rochester MN USA
| | - Mohammad Hassan Murad
- Center for the Science of Healthcare Delivery Mayo Clinic Rochester MN USA.,Division of Preventive Medicine Mayo Clinic Rochester MN USA
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Jermacane D, Gobin M, Young N, Yates J, Owusu GO. An outbreak of acute respiratory illnesses in primary school children with low vaccine uptake, UK, 2016. Vaccine 2017; 35:5527-5530. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.07.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Revised: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Cooke SJ, Nguyen VM, Kessel ST, Hussey NE, Young N, Ford AT. Troubling issues at the frontier of animal tracking for conservation and management. Conserv Biol 2017; 31:1205-1207. [PMID: 28079282 DOI: 10.1111/cobi.12895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Revised: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Steven J Cooke
- Fish Ecology and Conservation Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Vivian M Nguyen
- Fish Ecology and Conservation Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Steven T Kessel
- Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Michigan State University, 480 Wilson Road, East Lansing, MI, 48824, U.S.A
| | - Nigel E Hussey
- Department of Biology, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON, N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - Nathan Young
- Department of Sociology and Anthropology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Adam T Ford
- The Irving K. Barber School of Arts and Sciences, Unit 2: Biology, The University of British Columbia, Okanagan campus, Kelowna, BC, V1V 1V7, Canada
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Lennox RJ, Aarestrup K, Cooke SJ, Cowley PD, Deng ZD, Fisk AT, Harcourt RG, Heupel M, Hinch SG, Holland KN, Hussey NE, Iverson SJ, Kessel ST, Kocik JF, Lucas MC, Flemming JM, Nguyen VM, Stokesbury MJ, Vagle S, VanderZwaag DL, Whoriskey FG, Young N. Envisioning the Future of Aquatic Animal Tracking: Technology, Science, and Application. Bioscience 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/biosci/bix098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Nguyen VM, Young N, Cooke SJ. A roadmap for knowledge exchange and mobilization research in conservation and natural resource management. Conserv Biol 2017; 31:789-798. [PMID: 27767241 DOI: 10.1111/cobi.12857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Revised: 10/11/2016] [Accepted: 10/16/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Scholars across all disciplines have long been interested in how knowledge moves within and beyond their community of peers. Rapid environmental changes and calls for sustainable management practices mean the best knowledge possible is needed to inform decisions, policies, and practices to protect biodiversity and sustainably manage vulnerable natural resources. Although the conservation literature on knowledge exchange (KE) and knowledge mobilization (KM) has grown in recent years, much of it is based on context-specific case studies. This presents a challenge for learning cumulative lessons from KE and KM research and thus effectively using knowledge in conservation and natural resources management. Although continued research on the gap between knowledge and action is valuable, overarching conceptual frameworks are now needed to enable summaries and comparisons across diverse KE-KM research. We propose a knowledge-action framework that provides a conceptual roadmap for future research and practice in KE/KM with the aim of synthesizing lessons learned from contextual case studies and guiding the development and testing of hypotheses in this domain. Our knowledge-action framework has 3 elements that occur at multiple levels and scales: knowledge production (e.g., academia and government), knowledge mediation (e.g., knowledge networks, actors, relational dimension, and contextual dimension), and knowledge-based action (e.g., instrumental, symbolic, and conceptual). The framework integrates concepts from the sociology of science in particular, and serves as a guide to further comprehensive understanding of knowledge exchange and mobilization in conservation and sustainable natural resource management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivian M Nguyen
- Fish Ecology and Conservation Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology and Environmental Science Institute, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Nathan Young
- School of Sociological and Anthropological Studies, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Steven J Cooke
- Fish Ecology and Conservation Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology and Environmental Science Institute, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, K1S 5B6, Canada
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