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Liu XY, Tao YF, Mao YK, Chen ZJ, Wang Y, Hong YF, Fan N. [A family with developmental glaucoma and microcornea due to novel ADAMTS18 gene mutations]. Zhonghua Yan Ke Za Zhi 2024; 60:78-83. [PMID: 38199772 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112142-20231012-00134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
This case report presents a family with developmental glaucoma accompanied by microcornea resulting from novel mutations in the ADAMTS18 gene. The index case involves a 5-year-old twin brother, who, during a routine examination, exhibited elevated intraocular pressure persisting for over a month. The peak intraocular pressure reached approximately 25 mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa) in both eyes, with a corneal diameter of less than 10 mm. Ocular examination revealed an enlarged cup-to-disc ratio, and optical coherence tomography (OCT) demonstrated thinning of the retinal nerve fiber layer and ganglion cell layer. Ultrasound biomicroscopy combined with gonioscopy indicated partial angle closure and abnormal anterior chamber angle development. The ocular manifestations in the twin brother were consistent with those observed in the twin sister. The clinical diagnosis was bilateral developmental glaucoma with microcornea. Genetic sequencing identified two novel compound heterozygous mutations in the ADAMTS18 gene in the twins: Mutation 1 (M1) involving the variant site 1 (c.3436C>T:p.R1146W) and Mutation 2 (M2) involving the variant site 2 (c.1454T>G:p.F485C). Ocular examinations of four additional family members were normal. Genetic testing revealed that the twins' father and sister carried M1, while the index case's mother and brother carried M2. This report underscores a unique association between ADAMTS18 gene mutations and developmental glaucoma with microcornea within a familial context, emphasizing the importance of genetic screening for early diagnosis and targeted management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Y Liu
- Xiamen Eye Center of Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ocular Surface & Corneal Diseases, Xiamen Municipal Key Laboratory of Ocular Surface & Corneal Diseases, Xiamen Municipal Key Laboratory of Ocular Diseases, Xiamen Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Xiamen 361002, China
| | - Y F Tao
- Shenzhen Eye Hospital, the Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Y K Mao
- School of Medical Technology and Engineering, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350000, China
| | - Z J Chen
- Xiamen Eye Center of Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ocular Surface & Corneal Diseases, Xiamen Municipal Key Laboratory of Ocular Surface & Corneal Diseases, Xiamen Municipal Key Laboratory of Ocular Diseases, Xiamen Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Xiamen 361002, China
| | - Y Wang
- Shenzhen Eye Hospital, the Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Y F Hong
- Xiamen Eye Center of Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ocular Surface & Corneal Diseases, Xiamen Municipal Key Laboratory of Ocular Surface & Corneal Diseases, Xiamen Municipal Key Laboratory of Ocular Diseases, Xiamen Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Xiamen 361002, China
| | - N Fan
- Shenzhen Eye Hospital, the Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen 518000, China
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2
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Du K, Wang L, Wang Z, Xiao H, Hou J, Hu L, Fan N, Wang Y. Angelica Sinensis polysaccharide antagonizes 5-Fluorouracil-induced spleen injury and dysfunction by suppressing oxidative stress and apoptosis. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 162:114602. [PMID: 37018993 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Angelica Sinensis polysaccharide (ASP), the main active component of Angelica sinensis, possesses antioxidative and anti-apoptotic properties. In this study, we have investigated the antagonistic effect of ASP on 5-FU-induced injury of mouse spleen in vivo and splenocytes in vitro, and its possible mechanism. Our results showed that ASP inhibited 5-FU-induced decreases in spleen weight and organ index in mice, restored the number of peripheral blood leukocytes and lymphocytes, repaired spleen structure disorder and functional impairment, rescued serum IL-2, IL-6, and IFN-γ levels, and relieved 5-FU-induced mitochondrial swelling, reduced the oxidant accumulation including MDA and ROS, whereas increasing the activities of GSH, SOD and CAT. The mechanism may be related to ASP downregulation of Keap1 protein expression thus motivating the nuclear translocation of Nrf2. Furthermore, ASP alleviated the apoptosis of spleens in vivo and splenocytes in vitro, and reactivated PI3K / AKT signalling. In conclusion, the protective effect of ASP on spleens and splenocytes may be related to the reduction of oxidative stress and apoptosis via reactivation of Nrf2 and PI3K/AKT pathways. This study has provided a new protective agent for minimizing the spleen injury caused by 5-FU and a new idea for improving the prognosis of chemotherapy patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunhang Du
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Ziling Wang
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Hanxianzhi Xiao
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Jiying Hou
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Ling Hu
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Ningke Fan
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yaping Wang
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
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Bian X, Fan N, Li M, Han D, Li J, Fan L, Li X, Kong L, Tang H, Ding S, Song F, Li S, Cheng W. An ER-Horse Detonating Stress Cascade for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Nanotherapy. ACS Nano 2023; 17:4896-4912. [PMID: 36811530 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c11922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Persisting and excessive endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) can evoke rapid cell apoptosis. Therapeutic interference of ERS signaling holds enormous potential for cancer nanotherapy. Herein, a hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell-derived ER vesicle (ERV) encapsulating siGRP94, denoted as ER-horse, has been developed for precise HCC nanotherapy. Briefly, ER-horse, like the Trojan horse, was recognized via homotypic camouflage, imitated the physiological function of ER, and exogenously opened the Ca2+ channel. Consequently, the mandatory pouring-in of extracellular Ca2+ triggered the aggravated stress cascade (ERS and oxidative stress) and apoptosis pathway with the inhibition of unfolded protein response by siGRP94. Collectively, our findings provide a paradigm for potent HCC nanotherapy via ERS signaling interference and exploring therapeutic interference of physiological signal transduction pathways for precision cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xintong Bian
- The Center for Clinical Molecular Medical Detection, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Ningke Fan
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Meng Li
- The Second Affliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Daobin Han
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Jia Li
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Lu Fan
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Xinyu Li
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Liangsheng Kong
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Hua Tang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Shijia Ding
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Fangzhou Song
- Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Siqiao Li
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Wei Cheng
- The Center for Clinical Molecular Medical Detection, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
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Ding Y, Xiao Z, Chen F, Yue L, Wang C, Fan N, Ji H, Wang Z. A mesoporous silica nanocarrier pesticide delivery system for loading acetamiprid: Effectively manage aphids and reduce plant pesticide residue. Sci Total Environ 2023; 863:160900. [PMID: 36526192 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
A multifunctional nanomaterials-based agrochemical delivery system could supply a powerful tool for the efficient use of pesticides. Redox-responsive carriers as novel delivery systems of pesticide application in agriculture could promote the pest control and reduce plant pesticide residues due to the controllable release of agrochemicals. Herein, neonicotinoid insecticide acetamiprid (Ace) was encapsulated with decanethiol in a mesoporous silica nanocarrier pesticide delivery system for a nanopesticide Ace@MSN-SS-C10. The Ace@MSN-SS-C10 had redox-responsive sustained release behavior triggered by glutathione (GSH). Moreover, the Ace@MSN-SS-C10 possessed excellent wettability, adhesion performance, stability, and biosafety. Greenhouse experiments showed that foliar spraying 1.5 mg Ace@MSN-SS-C10 per plant reduced the populations of adult and juvenile aphids (Aphis craccivora Koch) on Vicia faba L. after 5 days of aphid infestation by 98.7 % and 99.3 %, respectively. Notably, the leaf final Ace residue (0.32 ± 0.004 mg/kg) of Ace@MSN-SS-C10 application at the dose of 1.5 mg/plant after 5 days of aphid infestation was lower than the international Codex Alimentarius Commission (CAC) maximum residue limits (0.4 mg·kg-1) or much lower (24.87-folds decrease) than those treated with conventional Ace (40 % acetamiprid water dispersible granule). Altogether, this GSH-dependent redox-responsive delivery system for loading acetamiprid can develop as an efficient and environmentally-friendly nanopesticide to control aphids in sustainable agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Ding
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Energy and Carbon Reduction Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Zhenggao Xiao
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Energy and Carbon Reduction Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Feiran Chen
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Energy and Carbon Reduction Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Le Yue
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Energy and Carbon Reduction Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Chuanxi Wang
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Energy and Carbon Reduction Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Ningke Fan
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Energy and Carbon Reduction Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Haihua Ji
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Energy and Carbon Reduction Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Zhenyu Wang
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Energy and Carbon Reduction Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
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Xiao Z, Fan N, Zhu W, Qian HL, Yan XP, Wang Z, Rasmann S. Silicon Nanodots Increase Plant Resistance against Herbivores by Simultaneously Activating Physical and Chemical Defenses. ACS Nano 2023; 17:3107-3118. [PMID: 36705522 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c12070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Nanosilicon applications have been shown to increase plant defenses against both abiotic and biotic stresses. Silicon quantum nanodots (Si NDs), a form of nanosilicon, possess excellent biological and physiochemical properties (e.g., minimal size, high water solubility, stability, and biocompatibility), potentially making them more efficient in regulating plant responses to stress than other forms of silicon. However, to date, we still lack mechanistic evidence for how soil-applied Si NDs alter the regulation of plant physical and chemical defenses against insect herbivores. To address this gap, we compared the effect of fluorescent amine-functionalized Si NDs (5 nm) and the conventional fertilizer sodium silicate on maize (Zea mays L.) physical and chemical defenses against the oriental armyworm (Mythimna separata, Walker) caterpillars. We found that 50 mg/kg Si NDs and sodium silicate additions inhibited the growth of caterpillars the most (35.7% and 22.8%, respectively) as compared to other application doses (0, 10, and 150 mg/kg). Both Si NDs and silicate addition activated biosynthesis genes responsible for chemical (benzoxazinoids) and physical (lignin) defense production. Moreover, Si NDs upregulated the gene expression of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, and POD) and promoted the antioxidant metabolism (flavonoids) in maize leaves under M. separata attack. Finally, we show that, under field conditions, Si ND addition increased maize cob weight (28.7%), cob grain weight (40.8%), and 100-grain weight (26.5%) as compared to the control, and more so than the conventional silicon fertilizer. Altogether, our findings highlight the potential for Si NDs to be used as an effective and ecofriendly crop protection strategy in agroecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenggao Xiao
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Ningke Fan
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Wenqing Zhu
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Hai-Long Qian
- Institute of Analytical Food Safety, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Xiu-Ping Yan
- Institute of Analytical Food Safety, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Zhenyu Wang
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Sergio Rasmann
- Institute of Biology, University of Neuchâtel, Neuchatel 2000, Switzerland
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6
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Ji H, Wang J, Chen F, Fan N, Wang X, Xiao Z, Wang Z. Meta-analysis of chitosan-mediated effects on plant defense against oxidative stress. Sci Total Environ 2022; 851:158212. [PMID: 36028025 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Chitosan, as a natural non-toxic biomaterial, has been demonstrated to enhance plant defense against oxidative stress. However, the general pattern and mechanism of how chitosan application modifies the amelioration of oxidative stress in plants have not been elucidated yet. Herein, we performed a meta-analysis of 58 published articles up to January 2022 to fill this knowledge gap, and found that chitosan application significantly increased the antioxidant enzyme activity (by 40.6 %), antioxidant metabolites content (by 24.6 %), defense enzyme activity (by 77.9 %), defense-related genes expression (by 103.2 %), phytohormones (by 26.9 %), and osmotic regulators (by 23.2 %) under stress conditions, which in turn notably reduced oxidative stress (by 32.2 %), and increased plant biomass (by 28.1 %) and yield (by 15.7 %). Moreover, chitosan-mediated effects on the amelioration of oxidative stress depended on the properties and application methods of chitosan. Our findings provide a comprehensive understanding of the mechanism of chitosan-alleviated oxidative stress, which would promote the application of chitosan in plant protection in agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haihua Ji
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Energy and Carbon Reduction Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Jinghong Wang
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Energy and Carbon Reduction Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Feiran Chen
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Energy and Carbon Reduction Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Ningke Fan
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Energy and Carbon Reduction Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Xie Wang
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610066, China
| | - Zhenggao Xiao
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Energy and Carbon Reduction Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - Zhenyu Wang
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Energy and Carbon Reduction Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
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Xiao Z, Fan N, Wang X, Ji H, Yue L, He F, Wang Z. Earthworms Drive the Effect of La 2O 3 Nanoparticles on Radish Taproot Metabolite Profiles and Rhizosphere Microbial Communities. Environ Sci Technol 2022; 56:17385-17395. [PMID: 36351052 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c05828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
To promote the sustainable and safe application of nanotechnology employing engineered nanoparticles (NPs) in agroecosystems, it is crucial to pay more attention to the NP-mediated biological response process and environmental impact assessment simultaneously. Herein, 50 mg kg-1 La2O3 NPs were added to soils without and with earthworms for cherry radish growth for 50 days to investigate the response changes of metabolites in radish above- and below-ground organs and rhizosphere bacterial communities. We found that La2O3 NP exposure, especially with earthworms, notably increased the La bioavailability and uptake by taproots and eventually increased radish leaf sucrose content and plant biomass. The La2O3 NP exposure significantly altered metabolite profiles in taproot flesh and peel tissues, and particularly La2O3 NP exposure combined with earthworms was more conducive to La2O3 NPs to promote radish taproot peel to synthesize more secondary antioxidant metabolites. Moreover, compared with the control, the La2O3 NP exposure resulted in weaker and fewer correlations between rhizosphere bacteria and taproot metabolites, but this was recovered somewhat after the inoculation of earthworms. Altogether, our results provide novel insights into the soil-fauna-driven biological and biochemical impact of La2O3 NP exposure on edible root crops and the long-term environmental risks to the rhizosphere microbiota in agroecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenggao Xiao
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Ningke Fan
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Xie Wang
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610066, China
| | - Haihua Ji
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Le Yue
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Feng He
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Zhenyu Wang
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
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Cheng W, Lin Z, Zhao L, Fan N, Bai H, Cheng W, Zhao M, Ding S. CeO2/MXene heterojunction-based ultrasensitive electrochemiluminescence biosensing for BCR-ABL fusion gene detection combined with dual-toehold strand displacement reaction for signal amplification. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 210:114287. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Fan N, Bian X, Li M, Chen J, Wu H, Peng Q, Bai H, Cheng W, Kong L, Ding S, Li S, Cheng W. Hierarchical self-uncloaking CRISPR-Cas13a-customized RNA nanococoons for spatial-controlled genome editing and precise cancer therapy. Sci Adv 2022; 8:eabn7382. [PMID: 35584220 PMCID: PMC9116607 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abn7382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
CRISPR-Cas13a holds enormous potential for developing precise RNA editing. However, spatial manipulation of CRISPR-Cas13a activity remains a daunting challenge for elaborately regulating localized RNase function. Here, we designed hierarchical self-uncloaking CRISPR-Cas13a-customized RNA nanococoons (RNCOs-D), featuring tumor-specific recognition and spatial-controlled activation of Cas13a, for precise cancer synergistic therapy. RNCOs-D consists of programmable RNA nanosponges (RNSs) capable of targeted delivery and caging chemotherapeutic drug, and nanocapsules (NCs) anchored on RNSs for cloaking Cas13a/crRNA ribonucleoprotein (Cas13a RNP) activity. The acidic endo/lysosomal microenvironment stimulates the outer decomposition of NCs with concomitant Cas13a RNP activity revitalization, while the inner disassembly through trans-cleavage of RNSs initiated by cis-recognition and cleavage of EGFR variant III (EGFRvIII) mRNA. RNCOs-D demonstrates the effective EGFRvIII mRNA silencing for synergistic therapy of glioblastoma cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. The engineering of RNSs, together with efficient Cas13a activity regulation, holds immense prospect for multimodal and synergistic cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningke Fan
- The Center for Clinical Molecular Medical Detection, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Xintong Bian
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Meng Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Junman Chen
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Haiping Wu
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Qiling Peng
- Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Huijie Bai
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Wenqian Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Liangsheng Kong
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Shijia Ding
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Siqiao Li
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Corresponding author. (S.L.); (Wei Cheng)
| | - Wei Cheng
- The Center for Clinical Molecular Medical Detection, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Corresponding author. (S.L.); (Wei Cheng)
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Guo D, Kazasidis M, Hawkins A, Fan N, Leclerc Z, MacDonald D, Nastic A, Nikbakht R, Ortiz-Fernandez R, Rahmati S, Razavipour M, Richer P, Yin S, Lupoi R, Jodoin B. Cold Spray: Over 30 Years of Development Toward a Hot Future. J Therm Spray Technol 2022; 31:866-907. [PMID: 37520275 PMCID: PMC9059919 DOI: 10.1007/s11666-022-01366-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Cold Spray (CS) is a deposition process, part of the thermal spray family. In this method, powder particles are accelerated at supersonic speed within a nozzle; impacts against a substrate material triggers a complex process, ultimately leading to consolidation and bonding. CS, in its modern form, has been around for approximately 30 years and has undergone through exciting and unprecedented developmental steps. In this article, we have summarized the key inventions and sub-inventions which pioneered the innovation aspect to the process that is known today, and the key breakthroughs related to the processing of materials CS is currently mastering. CS has not followed a liner path since its invention, but an evolution more similar to a hype cycle: high initial growth of expectations, followed by a decrease in interest and a renewed thrust pushed by a number of demonstrated industrial applications. The process interest is expected to continue (gently) to grow, alongside with further development of equipment and feedstock materials specific for CS processing. A number of current applications have been identified the areas that the process is likely to be the most disruptive in the medium-long term future have been laid down.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Guo
- Cold Spray Laboratory, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON Canada
| | - M. Kazasidis
- Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Department of Mechanical, Manufacturing & Biomedical Engineering, Parsons Building, Dublin, Ireland
| | - A. Hawkins
- Cold Spray Laboratory, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON Canada
| | - N. Fan
- Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Department of Mechanical, Manufacturing & Biomedical Engineering, Parsons Building, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Z. Leclerc
- Cold Spray Laboratory, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON Canada
| | - D. MacDonald
- Cold Spray Laboratory, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON Canada
| | - A. Nastic
- Cold Spray Laboratory, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON Canada
| | - R. Nikbakht
- Cold Spray Laboratory, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON Canada
| | | | - S. Rahmati
- Cold Spray Laboratory, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON Canada
| | - M. Razavipour
- Cold Spray Laboratory, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON Canada
| | - P. Richer
- Cold Spray Laboratory, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON Canada
| | - S. Yin
- Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Department of Mechanical, Manufacturing & Biomedical Engineering, Parsons Building, Dublin, Ireland
| | - R. Lupoi
- Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Department of Mechanical, Manufacturing & Biomedical Engineering, Parsons Building, Dublin, Ireland
| | - B. Jodoin
- Cold Spray Laboratory, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON Canada
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11
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Liu C, Ren L, Li X, Fan N, Chen J, Zhang D, Yang W, Ding S, Xu W, Min X. Self-electrochemiluminescence biosensor based on CRISPR/Cas12a and PdCuBP@luminol nanoemitter for highly sensitive detection of cytochrome c oxidase subunit III gene of acute kidney injury. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 207:114207. [PMID: 35339823 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Revised: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The cytochrome c oxidase subunit III (COX III) gene is a powerful biomarker for the early diagnosis of acute kidney injury. However, current methods for COX III gene detection are usually laborious and time-consuming, with limited sensitivity. Herein, we report a novel self-electrochemiluminescence (ECL) biosensor for highly sensitive detection of the COX III gene based on CRISPR/Cas12a and nanoemitters of luminol-loaded multicomponent metal-metalloid PdCuBP alloy mesoporous nanoclusters. The nanoemitter with excellent self-ECL in neutral media exhibited a high specific surface area for binding luminol and outstanding oxidase-like catalytic activity toward dissolved O2. Meanwhile, the CRISPR/Cas12a system, as a target-trigger, was employed to specifically recognize the COX III gene and efficiently cleave the interfacial quencher of dopamine-labeled hairpin DNA. As a result, the ECL biosensor showed superior analytical performance for COX III gene detection without exogenous coreactant. Benefiting from the high-efficiency ECL emission of the nanoemitter and Cas12a-mediated interfacial cleavage of the quencher, the developed ECL biosensor exhibited high sensitivity to COX III with a low detection limit of 0.18 pM. The established ECL biosensing method possessed excellent practical performance in urine samples. Meaningfully, the proposed strategy presents promising prospects for nucleic acid detection in the field of clinical diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changjin Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563003, China; Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Lei Ren
- Health Management Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Xinmin Li
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Ningke Fan
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Junman Chen
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Decai Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Shijia Ding
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Wenchun Xu
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
| | - Xun Min
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563003, China.
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12
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Bai H, Yan Y, Li D, Fan N, Cheng W, Yang W, Ju H, Li X, Ding S. Dispersion-to-localization of catalytic hairpin assembly for sensitive sensing and imaging microRNAs in living cells from whole blood. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 198:113821. [PMID: 34840013 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Localized DNA circuits have shown good performance regarding reaction rate and sensitivity for sensing intracellular microRNAs (miRNAs). However, these methods reported recently require large kinds of DNA strands and suffer from low signal-to-background (S/B) ratio, which hinder their clinical application. To circumvent these issues, we herein developed a novel strategy for sensitive sensing and imaging miRNAs in living cells based on dispersion-to-localization of catalytic hairpin assembly (DL-CHA). This strategy consists of only three classes of DNA strands (two hairpins and a linker strand), which largely reduces sequence design complexity. Additionally, owing to the unique engineering of the substrate transformation from dispersion to localization, the DL-CHA exhibits not only minimal background leakage but also intensive signal amplification, thus significantly improving the S/B ratio. In particular, the simple sensing method is capable of imaging miRNAs in cells from clinical blood samples for the diagnosis of breast cancer. Therefore, this work provides a powerful tool for intracellular molecules detection and gives a much broader design space for constructing high-performance DNA circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijie Bai
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yurong Yan
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Dandan Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Ningke Fan
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Wenqian Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Huangxian Ju
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Department of Chemistry, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Xinmin Li
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, 400016, China.
| | - Shijia Ding
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
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13
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Li M, Bian X, Chen X, Fan N, Zou H, Bao Y, Zhou Y. Multifunctional liposome for photoacoustic/ultrasound imaging-guided chemo/photothermal retinoblastoma therapy. Drug Deliv 2022; 29:519-533. [PMID: 35156504 PMCID: PMC8863383 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2022.2032876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Retinoblastoma (RB) is a malignant intraocular neoplasm that occurs in children. Diagnosis and therapy are frequently delayed, often leading to metastasis, which necessitates effective imaging and treatment. In recent years, the use of nanoplatforms allowing both imaging and targeted treatment has attracted much attention. Herein, we report a novel nanoplatform folate-receptor (FR) targeted laser-activatable liposome termed FA-DOX-ICG-PFP@Lip, which is loaded with doxorubicin (DOX)/indocyanine green (ICG) and liquid perfluoropentane (PFP) for photoacoustic/ultrasound (PA/US) dual-modal imaging-guided chemo/photothermal RB therapy. The dual-modal imaging capability, photothermal conversion under laser irradiation, biocompatibility, and antitumor ability of these liposomes were appraised. The multifunctional liposome showed a good tumor targeting ability and was efficacious as a dual-modality contrast agent both in vivo and in vitro. When laser-irradiated, the liposome converted light energy to heat. This action caused immediate destruction of tumor cells, while simultaneously initiating PFP phase transformation to release DOX, resulting in both photothermal and chemotherapeutic antitumor effects. Notably, the FA-DOX-ICG-PFP@Lip showed good biocompatibility and no systemic toxicity was observed after laser irradiation in RB tumor-bearing mice. Hence, the FA-DOX-ICG-PFP@Lip shows great promise for dual-modal imaging-guided chemo/photothermal therapy, and may have significant value for diagnosing and treating RB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China.,Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Xintong Bian
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China.,Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Xu Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China.,Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Ningke Fan
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Hongmi Zou
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Yixi Bao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Yu Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
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14
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Xiong J, Yang J, Li W, Xiong H, Liu G, Wu F, Fan N, Zeng X, Huang F, Yang L, Tu X, Shi C, Yi B, Ye J, Li P, Tang C, Huang J, Hou P, Zang W, Tan S. 1411P A prospective, multicenter, real-world study of apatinib in the treatment of gastric cancer. Ann Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.08.1520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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15
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Cheng H, Zou Y, Shah C, Fan N, Bhagat T, Gucalp R, Kim M, Verma A, Piperdi B, Spivack S, Halmos B, Perez-Soler R. P01.05 Pilot Study of Inhaled Azacitidine in Patients With Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC). J Thorac Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2021.01.329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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16
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Gao Y, Sun SM, Fan N, Wei W, Zhang Q. [A cross-sectional study on metabolic syndrome and its abnormal components in cancer patients]. Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2021; 55:258-262. [PMID: 34645189 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20201201-01412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
From December 2017 to December 2018, 3 509 subjects who had regular physical examination in Health Management Center, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital were enrolled in our study, including 399 cancer patients, 1 555 chronic disease patients, and 1 555 healthy control, respectively. The mean age was (55.87±11.98) years, and 31.38% were men. The prevalence of MS among chronic disease group (42.44%) was higher than that of cancer group (34.59%) and healthy control group (18.65%) (P<0.001). Compared with healthy control group, the OR (95%CI) values of MS risk in cancer group and chronic disease group were 2.13 (1.61-2.83) and 2.85 (2.23-3.66), respectively; the OR (95%CI) values of MS risk were 3.56 (2.04-6.21) and 2.77 (1.46-5.25) in breast cancer and thyroid cancer, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Gao
- Health Management Center, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - S M Sun
- Health Management Center, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - N Fan
- School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - W Wei
- Health Management Center, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Q Zhang
- Health Management Center, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
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Cheng R, Nan XW, Fan N, Fu SH, Si XY, Zhang L, He Y, Lei WW, Li F, Wang HY, Lu XQ, Liang GD. [Emerging of Japanese encephalitis virus and Getah virus from specimen of mosquitoes in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2020; 41:571-579. [PMID: 32344484 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20190425-00284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the types and distribution of blood-sucking insects and arboviruses in Inner Mongolia autonomous region, and provide basic data for the prevention of arbovirus transmitted disease. Methods: Blood-sucking insects were collected by lamp trapping method in nature. Mosquito samples were classified according to morphologic characteristics and then stored at liquid nitrogen. Viruses were isolated in cell culture and characterized, using molecular biological methods. Results: A total of 24 240 mosquitoes and 17 110 aphids were collected from 2 sites of 5 counties (Flags) in Inner Mongolia in 2014 and during 2017-2018. Among them, Japanese encephalitis virus gene was detected in Culex pipiens pallens, and 4 virus strains isolates which could be stably passaged. The isolates were identified as Getah virus and densonucleosis virus by molecular biology identification. Phylogenetic analysis on the E2 gene of the Getah virus (NMDK1813-1) showed that it belonged to the same evolutionary branch of the Gansu isolates (GS10-2) and having six common amino acid variation sites. Conclusions: The emergence of Japanese encephalitis virus and Getah virus from specimen of mosquitoes in Inner Mongolia indicated the new challenges on the prevention and control of arbovirus and related diseases. The results pf this study provided basic data for the prevention and control stretagies of arbovirus transmitted diseases in Inner Mongolia.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Cheng
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; Department of Viral Encephalitis, State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - X W Nan
- Department of Vector Biological Prevention and Control, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Comprehensive Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hohhot 010031, China
| | - N Fan
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; Department of Viral Encephalitis, State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - S H Fu
- Department of Viral Encephalitis, State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - X Y Si
- Department of Vector Biological Prevention and Control, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Comprehensive Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hohhot 010031, China
| | - L Zhang
- Bayannaoer Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Bayannaoer 015000, China
| | - Y He
- Department of Viral Encephalitis, State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - W W Lei
- Department of Viral Encephalitis, State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - F Li
- Department of Viral Encephalitis, State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - H Y Wang
- Department of Viral Encephalitis, State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - X Q Lu
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - G D Liang
- Department of Viral Encephalitis, State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
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18
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Liu XY, Fan N. [Lamina cribrosa defect and progress of glaucoma]. Zhonghua Yan Ke Za Zhi 2020; 56:17-20. [PMID: 31937059 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0412-4081.2020.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Lamina cribrosa (LC) is considered as the original site of glaucomatous damage of axons of retinal ganglion cells, and therefore understanding the morphological changes in the LC will help to uncover the pathogenesis of glaucoma. Previous studies have indicated that the progress of glaucomatous optic neuropathy may be associated with the LC defects. Based on imaging by swept source optical coherence tomography B-Scan of the optic discs of patients with glaucoma, for the first time the spontaneous local LC defects have been found to balance the gradient between intraocular and cerebrospinal fluid pressures, which in turn can slow down the progress of glaucomatous optic neuropathy. This article provides the direct evidence supporting the role of intraocular and cerebrospinal fluid pressure gradient in the pathogenesis of glaucoma. This finding will increase our understanding of the mechanisms underlying glaucoma and help to develop novel strategies for its treatment and prognosis analysis. (Chin J Ophthalmol, 2020, 56: 17-20).
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Affiliation(s)
- X Y Liu
- Xiamen Eye Center, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361016, China
| | - N Fan
- Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Shenzhen 518040, China
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19
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Lin R, Zhao S, Fan N, Li H, Liu J, Yu J, Zhao M. Phase I study of apatinib combined with POF (paclitaxel plus FOLFOX) in patients (pts) with treatment-naïve advanced gastric cancer (TNAGC). Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz247.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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20
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Fan N, Du CH, Xu JQ, Xu YX, Yu BY, Zhang J. Glycosylation and sulfation of 4-methylumbelliferone by Gliocladium deliquescens NRRL 1086. APPL BIOCHEM MICRO+ 2017. [DOI: 10.1134/s0003683817010033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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21
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Sun J, Fan N, Zhang Y. Correlation between serum level of chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 18 and poor prognosis in breast cancer. Genet Mol Res 2016; 15:gmr8632. [DOI: 10.4238/gmr.15038632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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22
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Zhang HF, Zeng XT, Xing F, Fan N, Liao MY. The diagnostic accuracy of CT-guided percutaneous core needle biopsy and fine needle aspiration in pulmonary lesions: a meta-analysis. Clin Radiol 2015; 71:e1-10. [PMID: 26545460 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2015.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2015] [Revised: 08/17/2015] [Accepted: 09/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
AIM To determine and compare the diagnostic value of computed tomography (CT)-guided percutaneous core needle biopsy (PCNB) and percutaneous fine-needle aspiration biopsy (PNAB) in pulmonary lesions. MATERIALS AND METHODS PubMed, EMBASE, and the Web of Science were systematically searched for relevant studies that investigated the diagnostic accuracy of CT-guided PCNB and/or PNAB for pulmonary lesions up to December 2014. After study selection, data extraction, and quality assessment, the sensitivity (SEN), specificity (SPE), diagnostic odds rate (DOR), positive likelihood ratios (PLR), negative likelihood ratios (NLR), and summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) curves were calculated using the Meta-Disc 1.4 software. RESULTS Nineteen publications, including 21 independent studies, met the inclusion criteria. Of them, 15 studies were included in the PCNB group and six studies in the PNAB group. The pooled SEN, SPE, DOR, PLR, NLR, and SROC were 0.95, 0.99, 54.72, 0.06, 821.90, and 0.98 in the PCNB group and 0.90, 0.99, 24.71, 0.14, 210.72, and 0.98 in the PNAB group, respectively. CONCLUSION Based on current evidence, both PCNB and PNAB can be used as diagnostic methods to distinguish benign and malignant pulmonary lesions; the difference between PCNB and PNAB regarding diagnostic accuracy of benign or malignant pulmonary lesions is not obvious.
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Affiliation(s)
- H-F Zhang
- Department of Radiology, ZhongNan Hospital of WuHan University, No. 169 Donghu Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, 430071, China
| | - X-T Zeng
- Department of Evidence-based Medicine Center, ZhongNan Hospital of WuHan University, No. 169 Donghu Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, 430071, China
| | - F Xing
- Department of Radiology, ZhongNan Hospital of WuHan University, No. 169 Donghu Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, 430071, China
| | - N Fan
- Department of Radiology, ZhongNan Hospital of WuHan University, No. 169 Donghu Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, 430071, China
| | - M-Y Liao
- Department of Radiology, ZhongNan Hospital of WuHan University, No. 169 Donghu Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, 430071, China.
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23
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Yin Y, Liu XH, Li XH, Fan N, Lei DF, Wang Y, Cai SP, Zhou XM, Chen XM, Liu XY. A novel FBN1 heterozygous mutation identified in a Chinese family with autosomal dominant Marfan syndrome. Genet Mol Res 2015; 14:4125-32. [PMID: 25966184 DOI: 10.4238/2015.april.27.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to identify the clinical features and mutations in the fibrillin-1 gene (FBN1) in a large Chinese family with autosomal dominant Marfan syndrome (MFS). Seventeen members from a Chinese family of 4 generations were included in the study. All members underwent complete ophthalmic examination. Molecular genetic analysis was performed on all subjects. All exons of FBN1 were amplified by polymerase chain reaction, sequenced, and the sequences were compared with a reference database. Variations were evaluated in family members as well as 100 normal controls. Changes in structure and function of the protein induced by amino acid variation were predicted by bioinformatic analysis. Ectopia lentis, dolichostenomelia, arachnodactyly, and tall stature were present in all patients diagnosed with MFS. The novel heterozygous missense mutation c.2243 T>G (p.C781W) in exon 19 of FBN1 was identified in all 5 patients, but not in other family members or 100 normal controls. This mutation caused an amino acid substitution of cysteine to tryptophan at position 781 (p.C781W) of the FBN1 protein. This mutation occurred in a highly conserved region and may cause structural and functional changes in the protein according to our bioinformatic analysis. Our results suggest that the novel mutation C781W of FBN1 is responsible for the pathogenesis of MFS in this pedigree.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Yin
- The State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - X-H Liu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - X-H Li
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - N Fan
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - D-F Lei
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Y Wang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - S-P Cai
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - X-M Zhou
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - X-M Chen
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - X-Y Liu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
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24
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Fan N, Jonas J, He F, Yan N, Wang Y, Liu L, Liu D, Zhao L, Pang IH, Liu X. A novel frameshift deletion in the COL1A1 gene identified in a Chinese family with osteogenesis imperfecta. Genet Mol Res 2015; 14:15295-300. [DOI: 10.4238/2015.november.30.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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25
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Cao X, Zhou XM, Gan R, Jiang LQ, Lu L, Wang Y, Fan N, Yin Y, Yan NH, Yu WH, Liu XY. A novel mutation of PAX6 identified in a Chinese twin family with congenital aniridia complicated with nystagmus. Genet Mol Res 2014; 13:8679-85. [PMID: 25366758 DOI: 10.4238/2014.october.27.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Genetic variations within the paired box gene 6 (PAX6) gene are associated with congenital aniridia. To detect the genetic defects in a Chinese twin family with congenital aniridia and nystagmus, exons of PAX6 were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), sequenced and compared with a reference database. Six members from the family of three generations were included in the study. The twins' father presented with congenital aniridia, nystagmus and cataract at birth, while the twins presented with congenital aniridia and nystagmus. A novel mutation c.888 insA in exon 10 of PAX6 was identified in all affected individuals. This study suggests that the novel mutation c.888 insA is likely responsible for the pathogenesis of the congenital aniridia and nystagmus in this pedigree. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of this mutation in PAX6 gene in pedigree with aniridia. Furthermore, no PAX6 gene defect was reported in twins with congenital aniridia.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Cao
- Ophthalmic Laboratories & Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - X M Zhou
- Ophthalmic Laboratories & Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - R Gan
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - L Q Jiang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - L Lu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Y Wang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - N Fan
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Y Yin
- Ophthalmic Laboratories & Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - N H Yan
- Ophthalmic Laboratories & Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - W H Yu
- Ophthalmic Laboratories & Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - X Y Liu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
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Cai SP, Fan N, Chen J, Xia ZL, Wang Y, Zhou XM, Yin Y, Wen TL, Xia QJ, Liu XY, Wang HY. A novel NF1 frame-shift mutation (c.702_703delGT) in a Chinese family with neurofibromatosis type 1. Genet Mol Res 2014; 13:5395-404. [PMID: 25078596 DOI: 10.4238/2014.july.24.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to characterize the clinical features of a Chinese pedigree with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) and to identify mutations in the NF1 gene. In this three-generation family containing 8 members, 5 had been diagnosed with NF1 and the others were asymptomatic. All members of the family underwent complete medical examinations. Molecular genetic analyses were performed on all subjects included in the study. All exons of NF1 were amplified by polymerase chain reaction, sequenced, and compared with a reference database. Possible changes in function of the protein induced by amino acid variants were predicted by bioinformatic analysis. In this family, the 5 patients presented different clinical phenotypes, but all manifested typical café-au-lait macules. One novel frame-shift mutation, c.702_703delGT, in exon 7 of NF1 was identified in all affected family members, but not in the unaffected family members or in 102 normal controls. This mutation generates a premature stop codon at amino acid position 720. Additionally, a synonymous mutation c.702 G>A was found in 3 family members, including 2 affected and 1 normal individuals. In conclusion, our study suggests that a novel c.702_703delGT frame-shift mutation in NF1 is likely to be responsible for the pathogenesis of NF1 in this family. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first time that a c.702_703delGT mutation has been identified in a family with neurofibromatosis type 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- S P Cai
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - N Fan
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - J Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Z L Xia
- Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Y Wang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - X M Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Y Yin
- Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - T L Wen
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Q J Xia
- Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - X Y Liu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - H Y Wang
- Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Lab, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Shen L, Xu R, Wang J, Bai Y, Liu T, Jiao S, Xu J, Liu Y, Fan N. A Randomized, Controlled Phase III Trial of Docetaxel, Cisplatin and Fluorouracil (DCF) versus Cisplatin Plus Fluorouracil (CF) as First-Line Therapy in Chinese advanced Gastric Cancer. Ann Oncol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0923-7534(20)33266-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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Lin R, Fan N, Chen L, Liu J. Phase II study of 5-fluorouracil/leucovorin in combination with paclitaxel and oxaliplatin (POF) in patients with primary refractory or relapsed advanced oesophageal and gastric carcinoma. J Clin Oncol 2010. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2010.28.15_suppl.4157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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29
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Lin R, Chen Q, Fan N, Ye Y, Guo Z, Wang X, Liu J, Chen L. Phase IIb trial of fluorouracil, leucovorin, oxaliplatin, and paclitaxel (POF) compared with fluorouracil, feucovorin, and irinotecan (IF) as first-line treatment for advanced gastric cancer (AGC). J Clin Oncol 2009. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.e15642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
e15642 Background: Primary results of POF as 1st and 2nd line treatment for AGC have been presented at ASCO 2007 and 2008. We report here data on the feasibility and the toxicity of POF versus IF(Dank, et al, ASCO 2005) in 1st line treatment of AGC. Methods: Patients with previously untreated, advanced, unresectable, and histologically confirmed adenocarcinoma of the gastric or gastroesophageal junction were randomly assigned to POF or IF regiment. Treatment was continued until disease progressed, unacceptable toxicity, or patient choice. Results: 25 patients were entered in this study between March 2007 and July 2007: 13 in the POF group and 12 in the IF group. The median patient age was 55 years (range, 36 to 67 years), 18 were males and 7 were females. No complete response was observed. The response rate was 62.5% (POF) and 33.3% (IF) respectively. At a median follow-up of 285 days, 7(POF) versus 6(IF) patients were still alive. Hematological toxicity was the most frequent toxicity in both groups. Grade 3 to 4 neutropenia were 38.5% (POF) versus 8.3% (IF). Diarrhea was found 0% and 8.3% in POF and IF group respectively. No grade 3 peripheral neurotoxicity was observed. Conclusions: Compared with IF regiment, POF could also be used as first-line treatment for AGC with acceptable safety profile, good efficacy, and more encouraging results. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Lin
- Fujian Provincial Tumor Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Q. Chen
- Fujian Provincial Tumor Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - N. Fan
- Fujian Provincial Tumor Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Y. Ye
- Fujian Provincial Tumor Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Z. Guo
- Fujian Provincial Tumor Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - X. Wang
- Fujian Provincial Tumor Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - J. Liu
- Fujian Provincial Tumor Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - L. Chen
- Fujian Provincial Tumor Hospital, Fuzhou, China
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Lin R, Fan N, Chen Q, Guo Z, Wang X, Chen L, Liu J. Phase II study of 5-florouracil/leucovorin in combination with paclitaxel and oxaliplatin in 1st line treatment for patients with advanced gastric cancer (AGC). J Clin Oncol 2008. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2008.26.15_suppl.15678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Lin R, Fan N, Guo Z, Wang X, Chen Q, Liu J, Lin J. Results of semimonthly 5-florouracil/leucovorin combined with paclitaxel and oxaliplatin in treatment of advanced gastric cancer (AGC). J Clin Oncol 2007. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.15045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
15045 Background: At present there is still no standard chemotherapy regimen for AGC, the progress of AGC exhibits a pessimistic result with a median survival of less than 9 months. The purpose of this trial was designed to enhance the treatment efficacy for AGC by using semimonthly FU/LV combined with paclitaxel and oxaliplatin. Methods: Patients chosen with histologically proven diagnosis of adenocarcinoma of the stomach or gastroesophageal junction, locally advanced (i.e., unresectable) or metastatic and measurable disease. The chemotherapy regimen was comprised of a 3-hour infusion of 135 mg/m2 of paclitaxel followed by oxaliplatin 85 mg/m2 and LV 400 mg/m2, administered simultaneously as a 2-hour infusion, then continued a 46-hour infusion of FU 2.4 g/m2 using an ambulatory pump. Treatment was continued until disease progressed, unacceptable toxicity, or patient choice. The primary endpoint was response rate. Results: Twenty-seven patients were enrolled onto this study in our center between September 19, 2005 and December 25, 2006. The median patient age was 51 years (range, 28 to 66 years), 21 were males and 6 were females. All patients received the chemotherapy between at least two cycles and maximum eight cycles with a median of three. Four CRs of 27 enrolled patients, fifteen PRs and eight SDs were observed. Nineteen patients were chemonaive within enrolled patients: Four CRs, eleven PRs. At a median follow-up of 8.7 months, the median survival was 6.8 months. Frequent grade 3 to 4 toxicities were: neutropenia (37.0%), stomatitis (7.4%), nausea (7.4%), vomiting (7.4%), hepatic dysfunction (3.7%), paresthesia (18.5%). No treatment-related death occurred. Conclusion: Semimonthly FU/LV combined with paclitaxel and oxaliplatin appears to be of well efficacy and is well tolerated in patients with AGC. Currently, this regimen is being tested in the phase III trial involving patients with AGC on the basis of well result. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Lin
- Fujian Provincial Tumor Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - N. Fan
- Fujian Provincial Tumor Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Z. Guo
- Fujian Provincial Tumor Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - X. Wang
- Fujian Provincial Tumor Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Q. Chen
- Fujian Provincial Tumor Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - J. Liu
- Fujian Provincial Tumor Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - J. Lin
- Fujian Provincial Tumor Hospital, Fuzhou, China
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Recently, topical steroid application has been shown by a small number of studies to be an effective alternative to circumcision for the treatment of phimosis. However, only potent or very potent corticosteroids have been more thoroughly studied in this treatment option. A prospective study was conducted to determine whether comparable results could be achieved using a weaker steroid cream. METHODS Boys, 3-13 years of age, with non-retractable foreskin due to a tight ring at the tip were offered the regimen of twice-daily preputial retraction and topical application of 0.02% triamcinolone acetonide cream. The degree of preputial retractability was assessed at presentation and at 4 and 6 weeks of treatment. Success was defined as full retraction or free retraction up to agglutination of the foreskin to the glans. RESULTS Eighty-three boys completed the treatment. Successful retraction was achieved in 48/83 (58%) patients after 4 weeks and 70/83 (84%) patients after 6 weeks of application. The overall response rate aggregated from six published series using 0.05% betamethasone was 87% at 4 weeks and 90% on completion of treatment. Thus, the results appear inferior when analysed at 4 weeks but compare favourably with those reported for a more potent steroid on completion of the full course of treatment. CONCLUSIONS Even though the triamcinolone cream used in the present study is less potent than the more commonly used 0.05% betamethasone valerate cream, it could effect comparable improvements in foreskin retractability after 6 weeks of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- W T Ng
- Department of Surgery, Yan Chai Hospital, Tsuen Wan, Hong Kong.
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Xia T, Sun Q, Shi X, Fan N, Hiraoka M. Relationship between thermal parameters and tumor response in hyperthermia combined with radiation therapy. Int J Clin Oncol 2001; 6:138-42. [PMID: 11706783 DOI: 10.1007/pl00012096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In hyperthermia for cancer therapy, thermal parameters related to tumor response have not yet been clarified. We investigated thermal parameters that could predict tumor response to hyperthermia combined with radiotherapy in locally advanced malignancies. METHODS Fifty-four patients with locally advanced malignancies who were treated by hyperthermia in combination with radiation therapy were enrolled in this study. Local hyperthermia was induced by ultrasound heating equipment for 60 min, within 30 min after irradiation, twice a week, for a total of six to ten sessions. Radiation therapy was administered with a conventional fractionation regimen, at a total dose of 40-70 Gy. Multi-point thermometry results were obtained with every 10-s temperature data acquisition. An average of seven interstitial sites per tumor was monitored for each treatment. Univariate logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the relationship between tumor response and minimum, maximum, and average intratumor temperature (Tmin, Tmax, Tav); the cumulative minutes of treatment at temperatures exceeded by 90%, 50%, and 10% of the measured intratumoral temperatures (T90, T50, T10); and cumulative minutes of the temperature that achieved above the index temperature value in the tumor center ((Cum min T(center) > T(index)). RESULTS Complete and partial response rates were 32.6% and 46.2%, respectively. Univariate logistic regression analysis revealed that the temperature parameters with predictive probability were highest for Cum min T(center) > 42.5 degrees C, followed by > 42 degrees C and > 41 degrees C; and T90. Cum min T(center) > 42.5 degrees C was most significantly associated with complete tumor response (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION These results strongly suggest that hyperthermia is a useful adjunct to radiotherapy for increasing the local control of advanced malignancies, and that Cum min T(center) > 42.5 degrees C could be an important thermal parameter for predicting tumor response.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Xia
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Air Force General Hospital, 30 Fucheng Road, Beijing 100036, China.
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35
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Zhou Y, Fan N, Yan J. [A study on the risk factors of none-insulin-dependent type diabetes mellitus]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 1998; 19:152-3. [PMID: 10322733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
A 1:1 matched case-control study was conducted to investigate the risk factors for NIDDM in 1995. A total of 100 pairs of case and controls matched on sex, age and hopital of admission. Bivariate analysis revealed 7 factors significantly associated with NIDDM. Conditional logistic regression analysis showed that 3 of the 7 fectors: obesity, greasy and family history of diabetes were risk factors for NIDDM. That might play important roles in the etiology of NIDDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Zhou
- Department of Epidemiology, Jiang Xi Medical College, Nanchang
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36
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Huang Y, Zhang J, Hu Z, Dong L, Li B, Meng Z, Fan N. [Treatment of arteriovenous malformation by linear accelerator radiosurgery]. Zhonghua Wai Ke Za Zhi 1998; 36:302-3. [PMID: 11825394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To summarize the effectiveness of radiosurgery for cerebral arteriovenous malformations (AVMs). METHOD We treated with linear accelerator radiosurgery 17 patients harboring AVMs in the brain. 15 AVMs were located supratentorially and others infratentorially. All the patients were treated with single fraction. The doses at AVM margin were 15 to 30 Gy. RESULT AVMs disappeared in 13 of the 17 patients, reduced in 3 and unchanged in only 1 at 2 year follow up. Vasogenic edema observed in 2 patients, their neurologic deficits were all improved with steroid. CONCLUSION Linear accelerator radiosurgery is effective in dealing with cerebral AVMs. It provides with a new means of treatment for AVMs which can't be effectively treated with microsurgery and embolization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Huang
- Neurosurgery Department, Air Force General Hospital. Beijing 100036
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Li D, Gallup M, Fan N, Szymkowski DE, Basbaum CB. Cloning of the amino-terminal and 5'-flanking region of the human MUC5AC mucin gene and transcriptional up-regulation by bacterial exoproducts. J Biol Chem 1998; 273:6812-20. [PMID: 9506983 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.273.12.6812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
To obtain gene regulatory sequence for the mucin gene MUC5AC, we have isolated the MUC5AC amino terminus cDNA and 5'-flanking region. This was possible through the use of rapid amplification of cDNA ends-polymerase chain reaction (RACE-PCR) in which the 5' sequence of the human gastric mucin cDNA HGM-1 (1) was used to design the first MUC5AC-specific primer. Primers for subsequent rounds of RACE were designed from the 5'-ends of amplified RACE products. After five rounds of RACE-PCR, we could no longer generate upstream extensions of the cDNA and hypothesized that we had reached the 5'-end. Primer extension and RNase protection analysis confirmed this. Combined nucleotide sequence for the RACE-PCR products was 3.3 kb with an open reading frame encoding 1100 amino acids. A putative translation start site was found at nucleotide +48. This was followed by a 45 nucleotide putative signal sequence. This amino-terminal sequence contains no tandem repeats but is >60% similar to the amino-terminal nucleotide sequence of MUC2. The positions of cysteine residues in this MUC2-similar region are almost 100% conserved between the two genes. Northern analysis showed expression of cognate RNA in the stomach and airway but not muscle and esophagus. This pattern was the same as that obtained using previously reported 3'-MUC5AC sequences. We have cloned approximately 4 kb of genomic DNA upstream of the transcription start site and have sequenced 1366 nucleotides containing a TATA box, a CACCC box, and putative binding sites for NFkappaB and Sp 1. Within 4 kb of the transcription start site are elements mediating transcriptional up-regulation in response to bacterial exoproducts.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Li
- Department of Anatomy and Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143, USA
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Abstract
The human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) integrase catalyzes the specific removal of two nucleotides at either 3' end of each long terminal repeat (LTR) sequence of the proviral DNA duplex. The most commonly used in vitro assays for integrase employ 5' end 32P-labeled double-stranded oligonucleotides and the product of integrase-associated endonuclease activity is visualized by denaturing gel electrophoresis followed by autoradiography. We report here a simple assay system based upon the liberation of [35S]GT dinucleotide from the 3' end of a double-stranded U5 LTR sequence derived from HIV-1. The uncleaved labeled substrate and the unlabeled large product are removed by adsorption to polyethyleneimine cellulose followed by centrifugation. The small labeled GT dinucleotide product released in the supernatant is quantitated in terms of counts released as a function of time. Since the method is rapid and quantitative, it should be useful in the kinetic evaluation of inhibitors of the 3' cleavage activity of HIV-1 integrase.
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Affiliation(s)
- K B Rank
- Pharmacia and Upjohn, Kalamazoo, MI 49007, USA
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Fan N, Rank KB, Slade DE, Poppe SM, Evans DB, Kopta LA, Olmsted RA, Thomas RC, Tarpley WG, Sharma SK. A drug resistance mutation in the inhibitor binding pocket of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase impairs DNA synthesis and RNA degradation. Biochemistry 1996; 35:9737-45. [PMID: 8703945 DOI: 10.1021/bi9600308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Selection of the IIIB strain of human immunodeficiency virus type (HIV-1) resistant to the (alkylamino)piperidine-bis(heteroaryl)piperazine (AAP-BHAP) U-104489 results in substitution of a glycine to glutamate at residue 190 (G190E) of reverse transcriptase (RT). The AAP-BHAP resistant HIV-1 displays reduced in vitro replication capacity [Olmsted, R. A., et. al. (1966) J. Virol. 70, 3698-3705]. We report here that the G190E mutation in recombinant heterodimeric HIV-1 RT, compared to the wild-type RT (G190) or a G190A control mutant, results in a 40% and 80% reduction in the polymerase and RNase H specific enzymatic activities, respectively. A primer-extension assay that allowed determination of DNA elongation by the G190E mutant RT on a heteropolymeric HIV-1 gag-based RNA template showed an overall decrease in DNA polymerization. The size distribution of products generated by G190E RT-associated RNase H digestion of RNA from [35S]poly(rA).poly(dT) was markedly distinct from that of the G190A RT and was consistent with the observed reduction in RT-associated RNase H activity of the G190E RT. When challenged with unlabeled substrates, the G190E RT was relatively nonprocessive with respect to DNA synthesis and RNA degradation. It is concluded that the deleterious effect of the G190E resistance mutation on both of these RT functions is most likely involved in the observed retarded replication capacity of the AAP-BHAP-(U-104489-) resistant HIV-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Fan
- Upjohn Laboratories, Kalamazoo, Michigan 49001, USA
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Fan N, Rank KB, Poppe SM, Tarpley WG, Sharma SK. Characterization of the p68/p58 heterodimer of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 reverse transcriptase. Biochemistry 1996; 35:1911-7. [PMID: 8639674 DOI: 10.1021/bi9516440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Recently we demonstrated that the p58 subunit of p68/p58 HIV-2 reverse transcriptase (RT) heterodimer, produced by processing of p68/p68 homodimer with recombinant HIV-2 protease, terminates at Met484 [Fan, N., et al. (1995) J. Biol. Chem. 270, 13573-13579]. Here we describe purification and characterization of the p68/p58 heterodimer of recombinant HIV-2 RT. It exhibited both RT and RNase H activities, obeyed Michaelis-Menten kinetics, and was competitively inhibited by the DNA chain terminator ddTTP (Ki[app] = 305 +/- 20 nM). The HIV-2 RT-associated RNase H exhibited a marked preference for RNA hydrolysis from a HIV-1 gag-based heteropolymeric RNA/DNA hybrid in the presence of either Mg2+ or Mn2+, compared to the [3H]poly(rA).poly(dT) or [3H]poly(rG).poly(dC) homopolymeric substrates. Relative to HIV-1 RT, the RNase H activity of HIV-2 RT was only 5% toward the [3H]poly(rA).poly(dT) in the presence of Mg2+. The size distribution of products generated from [3H]poly(rA).poly(dT) by HIV-2 RT-associated RNase H was markedly distinct from that of HIV-1 RT in the presence of Mg2+ or Mn2+. The p68/p58 HIV-2 RT heterodimer, produced by specific cleavage using HIV-2 protease, should be useful for inhibition and biophysical studies aimed at discovering and designing drugs directed toward HIV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Fan
- Upjohn Laboratories, Kalamazoo, Michigan 49001, USA
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Gavalchin J, Fan N, Waterbury PG, Corbett E, Faldasz BD, Peshick SM, Poiesz BJ, Papsidero L, Lane MJ. Regional localization of the putative cell surface receptor for HTLV-I to human chromosome 17q23.2-17q25.3. Virology 1995; 212:196-203. [PMID: 7676629 DOI: 10.1006/viro.1995.1468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The gene for the cell surface receptor for HTLV-I, the etiologic agent of adult T-cell leukemia and HTLV-I-associated myelopathy, has been localized to distal human chromosome 17q. A panel of somatic cell hybrids containing fragments of human 17q as the only human genetic component was mapped with a set of 10 chromosome 17 probes and utilized to regionally localize the gene. When compared to the murine fibroblast fusion partner, L-M(TK-), and a hybrid cell line containing human chromosome 20, human 17q-containing hybrid cells bound high levels of both HTLV-I virions and the monoclonal antibody, Mab 34-23, which may be directed against the putative HTLV-I receptor. Additional experiments revealed that the human 17q-containing hybrids could also be more efficiently infected by cell-free HTLV-I virions than could the control cell lines. Western blot analyses of cell lysates showed that recombinant HTLV-I envelope gp46 protein and Mab 34-23 both bound to proteins of approximate MW 30 and 31 kDa which were found only in the hybrid cell lines which contained human chromosome 17q. The data suggest that the gene for the HTLV-I receptor is located on the distal region of human chromosome 17q demarcated by the tk-1 locus (17q23.2-17q25.3).
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Affiliation(s)
- J Gavalchin
- Department of Medicine, State University of New York Health Science Center, Syracuse, New York 13210, USA
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Fan N, Rank KB, Evans DB, Thomas RC, Tarpley WG, Sharma SK. Simultaneous mutations at Tyr-181 and Tyr-188 in HIV-1 reverse transcriptase prevents inhibition of RNA-dependent DNA polymerase activity by the bisheteroarylpiperazine (BHAP) U-90152s. FEBS Lett 1995; 370:59-62. [PMID: 7544302 DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(95)00793-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The replacement of either Tyr-181 or Tyr-188 of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) reverse transcriptase (RT) by the corresponding HIV-2 RT amino acids Ile-181 or Leu-188 is known to result in active mutant enzymes (Y181I; Y188L) with virtual loss of sensitivity towards three structural classes of nonnucleoside RT inhibitors; L-697,661, nevirapine, and TIBO R82913. The bisheteroarylpiperazine (BHAP) U-90152S, a highly specific inhibitor (IC50, 0.29 +/- 0.01 microM) of HIV-1 RT, inhibited the recombinant Y181I and Y188L HIV-1 RT mutants with IC50 values of 3.6 +/- 0.15 microM and 0.71 +/- 0.02 microM, respectively. Construction and in vitro analysis of double mutants Y181I/Y188L and Y181C/Y188L of HIV-1 RT showed > 150-fold resistance to U-90152S. An HIV-2 RT mutant containing amino acids 176-190 from HIV-1 RT acquired full sensitivity to U-90152S (IC50, 0.26 +/- 0.01 microM). It is concluded that simultaneous mutations at Tyr-181 and Tyr-188 of HIV-1 RT promotes resistance to U-90152S.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Fan
- Upjohn Laboratories, Kalamazoo, MI 49001, USA
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43
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Fan N, Rank KB, Leone JW, Heinrikson RL, Bannow CA, Smith CW, Evans DB, Poppe SM, Tarpley WG, Rothrock DJ. The differential processing of homodimers of reverse transcriptases from human immunodeficiency viruses type 1 and 2 is a consequence of the distinct specificities of the viral proteases. J Biol Chem 1995; 270:13573-9. [PMID: 7539431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Active, recombinant p68 reverse transcriptase (RT) from human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2), with an NH2-terminal extension containing a hexahistidine sequence was isolated from extracts of Escherichia coli by immobilized metal affinity chromatography. Treatment of the purified p68/p68 homodimer of HIV-2 RT with recombinant HIV-2 protease generates stable, active heterodimer (p68/p58) that is resistant to further hydrolysis. Analysis of this p68/p58 HIV-2 RT heterodimer revealed that while one subunit is intact p68, the p58 subunit is COOH-terminally truncated by cleavage, not at Phe440 as is seen in processing of the p66/p66 HIV-1 RT homodimer by HIV-1 protease, but at Met484. The expected COOH-terminal p10 fragment resulting from hydrolysis of p68 at Met484 is not released intact, but undergoes further cleavage at Asn494, Met503, and Tyr532. Processing of p68/p68 HIV-2 RT with the HIV-1 protease led to cleavage of the Phe440-Tyr441 bond, exactly as is seen with p66/p66 HIV-1 RT, to give the analogous p53 subunit. Studies of a peptide substrate modeled after residues 437-444 in HIV-2 RT showed that while the HIV-1 protease was able to cleave the Phe440 bond, this bond was resistant to cleavage by the HIV-2 enzyme. Our findings provide a rationale for the previous observation that the RT heterodimer isolated from HIV-2 lysates is larger than that from HIV-1. We conclude that the p68/p58 HIV-2 RT heterodimer, containing the Met484 truncated p58 subunit, is a biologically relevant form of the enzyme in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Fan
- Upjohn Laboratories, Kalamazoo, Michigan 49001, USA
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Leung PC, Squire J, Peng C, Fan N, Hayden MR, Olofsson JI. Mapping of the gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) receptor gene to human chromosome 4q21.2 by fluorescence in situ hybridization. Mamm Genome 1995; 6:309-10. [PMID: 7613048 DOI: 10.1007/bf00352431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- P C Leung
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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Fan N, Evans DB, Rank KB, Thomas RC, Tarpley WG, Sharma SK. Mechanism of resistance to U-90152S and sensitization to L-697,661 by a proline to leucine change at residue 236 of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) reverse transcriptase. FEBS Lett 1995; 359:233-8. [PMID: 7532595 DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(95)00051-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Bisheteroarylpiperazines (BHAPs) are highly specific inhibitors of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) reverse transcriptase (RT). BHAP-resistant HIV-1 is sensitized to other classes of nonnucleoside RT inhibitors and this has been primarily attributed to a proline-to-leucine substitution at amino acid 236 (P236L) of HIV-1 RT. To understand the basis for the in vitro sensitization-resistance phenomenon, single base pair mutations at amino acid P236 in HIV-1 RT were introduced to obtain P236L, P236T, P236H, P236R, and P236A HIV-1 RT mutants. Active HIV-1 RT mutants H235W, D237T, and H235W/D237T/T240K, containing substitutions from HIV-2 RT, were also cloned, expressed, and purified. Three BHAPs (U-88204E, U-87201E, and U-90125S) and the pyridinone L-697,661 were selected to quantitatively assess the effects of these amino acid substitutions on sensitization to L-697,661 and resistance to the BHAPs. The HIV-1 RT mutants bearing single (H235W; D237T) or multiple (H235W/D237T/T240K) HIV-2 RT substitutions around the conserved P236 conferred little resistance or sensitization to these RT inhibitors. The inhibition profiles of the P236 HIV-1 RT mutants demonstrated a direct correlation between sensitization to L-697,661 and resistance to the BHAPs. These results suggest alterations in the shape of the binding pocket as the mechanism by which the P236L mutation confers resistance to the BHAPs and sensitization to L-697,661.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Fan
- Upjohn Laboratories, Kalamazoo, MI 49001
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Evans DB, Fan N, Swaney SM, Tarpley WG, Sharma SK. An active recombinant p15 RNase H domain is functionally distinct from the RNase H domain associated with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase. J Biol Chem 1994; 269:21741-7. [PMID: 7520442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
An active p15 RNase H domain, consisting of amino acids 427-560 of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) reverse transcriptase (RT) and a genetically engineered penta-histidine N-terminal affinity tag, was expressed in Escherichia coli and purified to apparent homogeneity by immobilized metal affinity chromatography. The purified p15 RNase H domain exhibited no substrate preference for [3H]poly(rG).poly(dC) compared to [3H]poly(rA).poly(dT), in contrast with the HIV-1 RT-associated RNase H, which showed a 30-fold preference for the former substrate. Unlike the HIV-1 RT-associated RNase H, when challenged with unlabeled substrate, the recombinant p15 RNase H domain was relatively nonprocessive in RNA degradative activity of the [3H]poly(rA).poly(dT) duplex. Kinetic studies using p15 RNase H showed substrate inhibition with an apparent K(i) value of 0.12 micron for the [3H]poly(rA).poly(dT) hybrid. Substrate inhibition was not observed for the HIV-1 RT-associated RNase H. The results show that the isolated p15 HIV-1 RNase H domain is functionally distinct from the recombinant HIV-1 RT-associated RNase H.
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Affiliation(s)
- D B Evans
- Biochemistry Research, Upjohn Laboratories, Kalamazoo, Michigan 49001
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Sharma SK, Fan N, Evans DB. Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) recombinant reverse transcriptase. Asymmetry in p66 subunits of the p66/p66 homodimer. FEBS Lett 1994; 343:125-30. [PMID: 7513287 DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(94)80303-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
A recombinant p66 form of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) reverse transcriptase (RT) can be obtained [(1991) Biotechnol. Appl. Biochem. 14, 69-81] from crude Escherichia coli extracts by immobilized metal affinity chromatography (IMAC). We have analyzed the p66 HIV-1 RT, isolated in the presence of 0.3 M imidazole, by gel permeation HPLC on Superose 12. The results show that it contains two major distinct p66 forms (24.1 min and 28.3 min peaks) which are distinguishable from the purified homodimeric (p66/p66) HIV-1 RT (22.2 min peak). Protein peak 1 (24.1 min) is converted to a 22.3 min peak upon storage for 20 h at 4 degrees C. Under identical conditions, the isolated peak 2 (28.3 min) appeared as a conformationally heterogeneous mixture elaborated by peaks at 22.3 min and 25.9 min. The protein species thus obtained were active in the RNA-dependent DNA polymerase and RNase H activity assays and produced heterodimeric HIV-1 RT upon incubation with the HIV-1 protease. When the IMAC-purified, imidazole-free homodimeric (p66/p66) form of the enzyme was incubated with 0.3 M imidazole for 16 h at 4 degrees C, protein peaks at 28.3 min (peak A) and 30.5 min (peak B) were isolated by gel permeation HPLC. While both of these p66-containing species were stable and displayed identical RNA-dependent DNA polymerase activities, the protein in peak B was only 50% active in RNase H function compared with the protein from peak A. These imidazole-mediated dissociation studies support the hypothesis of partial unfolding of one of the RNase H domains of the p66/p66 homodimer, suggesting that the p66 subunits are asymmetric in the native enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Sharma
- Upjohn Laboratories, Kalamazoo, MI 49002
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Sharma SK, Basu A, Fan N, Evans DB. Engineering of the human-immunodeficiency-virus-type-1 (HIV-1) reverse transcriptase gene to prevent dimerization of the expressed chimaeric protein: purification and characterization of a monomeric HIV-1 reverse transcriptase. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 1994; 19:155-67. [PMID: 7514879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
We report here a human-immunodeficiency-virus-type-1 (HIV-1) recombinant reverse transcriptase (RT) engineered to contain a 26-amino-acid linker insertion from the tether domain of feline leukaemia virus (FLV) RT. The chimaeric protein was expressed in Escherichia coli and migrated on SDS/PAGE as a 68 kDa band. A monomeric form of the chimaeric HIV-1 RT has been prepared by the coordinated applications of immobilized-metal-affinity chromatography and gel filtration on Superose 12 columns. The monomeric nature of this chimaeric HIV-I RT was further characterized by cross-linking studies using disuccinimidyl suberate. The RNA-dependent DNA polymerase activity of the monomeric chimaeric HIV-1 RT was 35% that of the heterodimeric (p66/p51) HIV-1 RT. These results support our recent studies on the monomeric polymerase domain (p51 RT) which exhibited an RNA-dependent DNA polymerase activity equal to 33% of that of the p66/p51 heterodimeric HIV-1 RT (Evans, Kezdy, Tarpley and Sharma [1993] Biotechnol. Appl. Biochem. 17, 91-102). The inability of the monomeric chimaeric HIV-1 RT to display polymerase activity like that of the heterodimeric HIV-1 RT is attributed to a decrease in the processive rate of DNA synthesis (75%) and DNA binding (65%). However, the monomeric chimaeric HIV-1 RT (p68) exhibited RNAase H activity like that of the heterodimeric form (p66/p51) of HIV-1 RT. These results suggest that the linker insertion from FLV RT does not interfere with the RNAase H activity associated with the monomeric HIV-1 RT.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Sharma
- Upjohn Laboratories, Kalamazoo, MI 49001
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Abstract
We report the cloning and characterization of an unusually small gene called spoVM whose product is required for normal formation of the cortex and coat during sporulation in Bacillus subtilis. The spoVM gene is adjacent to, and in convergent orientation with, the B. subtilis homologue to the Escherichia coli gene for ribosomal protein L28. The spoVM open reading frame is only 26 codons in length and is capable of encoding a polypeptide of 3 kDa. The short length of spoVM was verified by means of complementation experiments with wild-type and deletion-mutated copies of the open reading frame and by engineering the synthesis of the spoVM gene product in E. coli. Transcription of spoVM was induced during the second hour of sporulation (approximately stage II) by the appearance of the sporulation RNA polymerase sigma factor, sigma E. Efficient transcription of spoVM additionally required the action of the sporulation DNA-binding protein SpoIIID. Because spoVM was not strongly required for the transcription of several genes expressed at late times in development, its protein product is likely to play a morphogenetic rather than a regulatory role in sporulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- P A Levin
- Department of Cellular and Developmental Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138
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Hoeck WG, Ramesha CS, Chang DJ, Fan N, Heller RA. Cytoplasmic phospholipase A2 activity and gene expression are stimulated by tumor necrosis factor: dexamethasone blocks the induced synthesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1993; 90:4475-9. [PMID: 8506288 PMCID: PMC46534 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.90.10.4475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The interaction of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF) with its two membrane-bound receptors initiates intracellular events in which arachidonic acid and its derivatives are involved. In HeLa cells, TNF treatment induces an arachidonic acid-selective, Ca(2+)-dependent cellular phospholipase A2 (cPLA2). By itself, TNF causes a modest increase in cPLA2 activity, but with the Ca2+ ionophore A23187 it provides a strong synergistic action. Within minutes in response to TNF, cPLA2 becomes phosphorylated and in the presence of Ca2+ produces a 3- to 4-fold increase in activity. TNF also increases cPLA2 mRNA and protein expression, an estimated 5-fold increase in an 8-hr period. This increase in cPLA2 activity occurs, therefore, in a biphasic time-dependent manner. Dexamethasone, known to antagonize the action of TNF, is here shown to inhibit TNF-induced gene expression and to prevent the second phase of increase in cPLA2 activation. Our results suggest that the cPLA2 activation may provide a regulatory function and may explain the proinflammatory action of TNF.
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Affiliation(s)
- W G Hoeck
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Syntex Research, Palo Alto, CA 94304
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