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Guerra Díaz D, Mariño-Ocampo N, Kabanov V, Heyne B, Andrade-Villalobos F, Fierro A, Fuentealba D. Extraordinary Control of Photosensitized Singlet Oxygen Generation by Acyclic Cucurbituril-like Containers. J Phys Chem B 2023; 127:3443-3451. [PMID: 37026709 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.3c00583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
Supramolecular control of singlet oxygen generation is incredibly valuable for several fields with broad applications and thus still challenging. However, macrocyclic inclusion complexes inherently restrict the interaction of photosensitizers with surrounding oxygen in the media. To circumvent this issue, we turned our attention in this work to acyclic cucurbituril-like containers and uncover their properties as supramolecular hosts for photosensitizers with extraordinary control of their photophysics, including singlet oxygen generation. Thermodynamic and photophysical studies were carried out showing that these acyclic containers compare very favorably to benchmark macrocycles such as cucurbiturils and cyclodextrins in terms of their binding affinities and supramolecular control of singlet oxygen generation. Acyclic container with terminal naphthalene walls offers a similar cavity to cucurbit[7]uril and the same carbonyl-lined portals for a tight binding of phenothiazinium dye methylene blue and stabilizing its singlet and triplet excited states. Thus, generation of singlet oxygen for this container is higher than for other macrocycles and even higher than the free photosensitizer. While the acyclic container with smaller terminal benzene walls, stacks over the dye through sulfur-π and π-π interactions deactivating the singlet and triplet excited states, thus showing the lowest generation of singlet oxygen out of all of the studied systems. Due to the great water solubility and biocompatibility of these systems, they possess great potential for novel applications in photocatalysis, synthesis, and biomedical fields, among others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Guerra Díaz
- Laboratorio de Química Supramolecular y Fotobiología, Departamento de Química Física, Escuela de Química, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile
| | - Nory Mariño-Ocampo
- Laboratorio de Química Supramolecular y Fotobiología, Departamento de Química Física, Escuela de Química, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile
| | - Vladimir Kabanov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Belinda Heyne
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Felipe Andrade-Villalobos
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Escuela de Química, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile
| | - Angélica Fierro
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Escuela de Química, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile
| | - Denis Fuentealba
- Laboratorio de Química Supramolecular y Fotobiología, Departamento de Química Física, Escuela de Química, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile
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Mariño-Ocampo N, Rodríguez DF, Guerra Díaz D, Zúñiga-Núñez D, Duarte Y, Fuentealba D, Zacconi FC. Direct Oral FXa Inhibitors Binding to Human Serum Albumin: Spectroscopic, Calorimetric, and Computational Studies. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054900. [PMID: 36902328 PMCID: PMC10002493 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Direct FXa inhibitors are an important class of bioactive molecules (rivaroxaban, apixaban, edoxaban, and betrixaban) applied for thromboprophylaxis in diverse cardiovascular pathologies. The interaction of active compounds with human serum albumin (HSA), the most abundant protein in blood plasma, is a key research area and provides crucial information about drugs' pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamic properties. This research focuses on the study of the interactions between HSA and four commercially available direct oral FXa inhibitors, applying methodologies including steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence, isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC), and molecular dynamics. The HSA complexation of FXa inhibitors was found to occur via static quenching, and the complex formation in the ground states affects the fluorescence of HSA, with a moderate binding constant of 104 M-1. However, the ITC studies reported significantly different binding constants (103 M-1) compared with the results obtained through spectrophotometric methods. The suspected binding mode is supported by molecular dynamics simulations, where the predominant interactions were hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions (mainly π-π stacking interactions between the phenyl ring of FXa inhibitors and the indole moiety of Trp214). Finally, the possible implications of the obtained results regarding pathologies such as hypoalbuminemia are briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nory Mariño-Ocampo
- Escuela de Química, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile
| | - Diego F. Rodríguez
- Escuela de Química, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile
| | - Daniel Guerra Díaz
- Escuela de Química, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile
| | - Daniel Zúñiga-Núñez
- Escuela de Química, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile
| | - Yorley Duarte
- Center for Bioinformatics and Integrative Biology, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago 8370035, Chile
| | - Denis Fuentealba
- Escuela de Química, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile
- Correspondence: (D.F.); (F.C.Z.)
| | - Flavia C. Zacconi
- Escuela de Química, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile
- Institute for Biological and Medical Engineering, Schools of Engineering, Medicine and Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile
- Centro de Investigaciones en Nanotecnología y Materiales Avanzados, CIEN-UC, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile
- Center for Nanomedicine, Diagnostic & Drug Development (ND3), Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile
- Correspondence: (D.F.); (F.C.Z.)
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Solis-Egaña F, Lavín-Urqueta N, Guerra Díaz D, Mariño-Ocampo N, Faúndez MA, Fuentealba D. Supramolecular co-encapsulation of a photosensitizer and chemotherapeutic drug in cucurbit[8]uril for potential chemophototherapy. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2022; 21:349-359. [PMID: 35088367 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-022-00174-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Supramolecular strategies as well as combinatorial approaches have been proposed to improve cancer therapeutics. In this work, we investigated the encapsulation of the photosensitizer acridine orange (AO) and the chemotherapeutic drug oxaliplatin (OxPt) in cucurbit[8]uril (CB[8]), and tested their effect both separate and combined on tumoral cells cultivated in vitro. Binding constants and enthalpies of reaction for the AO@CB[8], (AO)2@CB[8] and OxPt@CB[8] complexes were determined by isothermal titration calorimetry. In the case of AO, a negative cooperativity for the binding of the second AO molecule was found, in agreement with previous fluorescence titration data. We show herein that the AO@CB[8] complex was effectively incorporated within the cells and showed important phototoxicity, while the OxPt@CB[8] complex was cytotoxic only at long incubation times (24 h). Pre-treatment of the cells with the OxPt@CB[8] complex for 24 h inhibited any photodynamic action by the later treatment with the AO@CB[8] complex. However, when both complexes were co-incubated for 90 min, the combined cytotoxicity/phototoxicity was superior to any of the treatments individually. A cooperative effect was identified that added up to an extra 30% cytotoxicity/phototoxicity. The results point to an interesting system where a photosensitizer and chemotherapeutic drug are co-encapsulated in a macrocycle to develop chemophototherapy applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fresia Solis-Egaña
- Laboratorio de Química Supramolecular y Fotobiología, Departamento de Química Física, Escuela de Química, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Macul, Santiago, Chile
| | - Nicole Lavín-Urqueta
- Laboratorio de Química Supramolecular y Fotobiología, Departamento de Química Física, Escuela de Química, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Macul, Santiago, Chile
| | - Daniel Guerra Díaz
- Laboratorio de Química Supramolecular y Fotobiología, Departamento de Química Física, Escuela de Química, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Macul, Santiago, Chile
| | - Nory Mariño-Ocampo
- Laboratorio de Química Supramolecular y Fotobiología, Departamento de Química Física, Escuela de Química, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Macul, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mario A Faúndez
- Escuela de Farmacia, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Macul, Santiago, Chile
| | - Denis Fuentealba
- Laboratorio de Química Supramolecular y Fotobiología, Departamento de Química Física, Escuela de Química, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Macul, Santiago, Chile.
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Robinson-Duggon J, Mariño-Ocampo N, Barrias P, Zúñiga-Núñez D, Günther G, Edwards AM, Greer A, Fuentealba D. Mechanism of Visible-Light Photooxidative Demethylation of Toluidine Blue O. J Phys Chem A 2019; 123:4863-4872. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.9b03588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- José Robinson-Duggon
- Laboratorio de Química Biosupramolecular, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Macul, Santiago, Chile
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Exactas y Tecnología, Universidad de Panamá, Panamá 0824, Panamá
| | - Nory Mariño-Ocampo
- Laboratorio de Química Biosupramolecular, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Macul, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pablo Barrias
- Laboratorio de Cinética y Fotoquímica, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Alameda 3363, Estación Central, Santiago, Chile
| | - Daniel Zúñiga-Núñez
- Laboratorio de Cinética y Fotoquímica, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Alameda 3363, Estación Central, Santiago, Chile
| | - Germán Günther
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Departamento de Química Orgánica y Fisicoquímica, Universidad de Chile, Casilla 233, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ana María Edwards
- Laboratorio de Química Biosupramolecular, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Macul, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alexander Greer
- Department of Chemistry, Brooklyn College, City University of New York, Brooklyn, New York 11210, United States
- Ph.D. Program in Chemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York, New York 10016, United States
| | - Denis Fuentealba
- Laboratorio de Química Biosupramolecular, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Macul, Santiago, Chile
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