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Garrido PM, Porrini MP, Alberoni D, Baffoni L, Scott D, Mifsud D, Eguaras MJ, Di Gioia D. Beneficial Bacteria and Plant Extracts Promote Honey Bee Health and Reduce Nosema ceranae Infection. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2024; 16:259-274. [PMID: 36637793 PMCID: PMC10850026 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-022-10025-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The research aims to give new insights on the effect of administering selected bacterial strains, isolated from honey bee gut, and/or a commercial plant extract blend (HiveAlive®) on Nosema ceranae. Analyses were first performed under laboratory conditions such as different infective doses of N. ceranae, the effect of single strains and their mixture and the influence of pollen administration. Daily survival and feed consumption rate were recorded and pathogen development was analysed using qPCR and microscope counts. Biomarkers of immunity and physiological status were also evaluated for the different treatments tested using one bacterial strain, a mixture of all the bacteria and/or a plant extract blend as treatments. The results showed an increase of abaecin transcript levels in the midgut of the honey bees treated with the bacterial mixture and an increased expression of the protein vitellogenin in the haemolymph of honey bees treated with two separate bacterial strains (Bifidobacterium coryneforme and Apilactobacillus kunkeei). A significant effectiveness in reducing N. ceranae was shown by the bacterial mixture and the plant extract blend regardless of the composition of the diet. This bioactivity was seasonally linked. Quantitative PCR and microscope counts showed the reduction of N. ceranae under different experimental conditions. The antiparasitic efficacy of the treatments at field conditions was studied using a semi-field approach which was adapted from research on insecticides for the first time, to analyse antiparasitic activity against N. ceranae. The approach proved to be reliable and effective in validating data obtained in the laboratory. Both the mixture of beneficial bacteria and its association with Hive Alive® are effective in controlling the natural infection of N. ceranae in honey bee colonies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Melisa Garrido
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Producción Sanidad y Ambiente (IIPROSAM), CONICET, UNMdP, Centro Asoc. Simple CIC PBA, Funes 3350, Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, 7600, Argentina
- Centro de Investigación en Abejas Sociales (CIAS), FCEyN, UNMdP, Funes 3350, Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, 7600, Argentina
| | - Martín Pablo Porrini
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Producción Sanidad y Ambiente (IIPROSAM), CONICET, UNMdP, Centro Asoc. Simple CIC PBA, Funes 3350, Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, 7600, Argentina
- Centro de Investigación en Abejas Sociales (CIAS), FCEyN, UNMdP, Funes 3350, Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, 7600, Argentina
| | - Daniele Alberoni
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, Viale Fanin 44, Bologna, 40127, Italy.
| | - Loredana Baffoni
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, Viale Fanin 44, Bologna, 40127, Italy
| | - Dara Scott
- ADVANCE SCIENCE Ltd, Knocknacarra Rd, Galway, H91 XV84, Ireland
| | - David Mifsud
- Institute of Earth Systems, L-Università ta' Malta, University Ring Rd, Msida, MSD2080, Malta
| | - Matín Javier Eguaras
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Producción Sanidad y Ambiente (IIPROSAM), CONICET, UNMdP, Centro Asoc. Simple CIC PBA, Funes 3350, Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, 7600, Argentina
- Centro de Investigación en Abejas Sociales (CIAS), FCEyN, UNMdP, Funes 3350, Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, 7600, Argentina
| | - Diana Di Gioia
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, Viale Fanin 44, Bologna, 40127, Italy
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Favaro R, Garrido PM, Bruno D, Braglia C, Alberoni D, Baffoni L, Tettamanti G, Porrini MP, Di Gioia D, Angeli S. Combined effect of a neonicotinoid insecticide and a fungicide on honeybee gut epithelium and microbiota, adult survival, colony strength and foraging preferences. Sci Total Environ 2023; 905:167277. [PMID: 37741399 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
Fungicides, insecticides and herbicides are widely used in agriculture to counteract pathogens and pests. Several of these molecules are toxic to non-target organisms such as pollinators and their lethal dose can be lowered if applied as a mixture. They can cause large and unpredictable problems, spanning from behavioural changes to alterations in the gut. The present work aimed at understanding the synergistic effects on honeybees of a combined in-hive exposure to sub-lethal doses of the insecticide thiacloprid and the fungicide penconazole. A multidisciplinary approach was used: honeybee mortality upon exposure was initially tested in cage, and the colonies development monitored. Morphological and ultrastructural analyses via light and transmission electron microscopy were carried out on the gut of larvae and forager honeybees. Moreover, the main pollen foraging sources and the fungal gut microbiota were studied using Next Generation Sequencing; the gut core bacterial taxa were quantified via qPCR. The mortality test showed a negative effect on honeybee survival when exposed to agrochemicals and their mixture in cage but not confirmed at colony level. Microscopy analyses on the gut epithelium indicated no appreciable morphological changes in larvae, newly emerged and forager honeybees exposed in field to the agrochemicals. Nevertheless, the gut microbial profile showed a reduction of Bombilactobacillus and an increase of Lactobacillus and total fungi upon mixture application. Finally, we highlighted for the first time a significant honeybee diet change after pesticide exposure: penconazole, alone or in mixture, significantly altered the pollen foraging preference, with honeybees preferring Hedera pollen. Overall, our in-hive results showed no severe effects upon administration of sublethal doses of thiacloprid and penconazole but indicate a change in honeybees foraging preference. A possible explanation can be that the different nutritional profile of the pollen may offer better recovery chances to honeybees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Favaro
- Faculty of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Sciences, Free University of Bozen, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Paula Melisa Garrido
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Producción Sanidad y Ambiente (IIPROSAM), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Centro Científico Tecnológico Mar del Plata, CONICET, Centro de Asociación Simple CIC PBA, Mar del Plata, Argentina; Centro de Investigaciones en Abejas Sociales, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Daniele Bruno
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, via J.H. Dunant 3, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Chiara Braglia
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Agro-Alimentari, University of Bologna, Viale Fanin 44, 40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - Daniele Alberoni
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Agro-Alimentari, University of Bologna, Viale Fanin 44, 40127 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Loredana Baffoni
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Agro-Alimentari, University of Bologna, Viale Fanin 44, 40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - Gianluca Tettamanti
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, via J.H. Dunant 3, 21100 Varese, Italy; Interuniversity Center for Studies on Bioinspired Agro-environmental Technology (BAT Center), University of Napoli Federico II, 80055 Portici, Italy
| | - Martin Pablo Porrini
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Producción Sanidad y Ambiente (IIPROSAM), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Centro Científico Tecnológico Mar del Plata, CONICET, Centro de Asociación Simple CIC PBA, Mar del Plata, Argentina; Centro de Investigaciones en Abejas Sociales, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Diana Di Gioia
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Agro-Alimentari, University of Bologna, Viale Fanin 44, 40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - Sergio Angeli
- Faculty of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Sciences, Free University of Bozen, Bolzano, Italy
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Garrido PM, Queirós C, Soares-de-Almeida L, Borges-Costa J. Two Cases of Darier Disease Efficiently Treated With Combination of Oral Retinoids and Diclofenac Sodium 3% Gel. Actas Dermo-Sifiliográficas 2023; 114:T456-T457. [PMID: 37028476 DOI: 10.1016/j.ad.2023.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- P M Garrido
- Dermatology Department, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - C Queirós
- Dermatology Department, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - L Soares-de-Almeida
- Dermatology Department, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, Lisboa, Portugal; Dermatology Universitary Clinic, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisboa, Portugal; Dermatology Research Unit, Instituto de Medicina Molecular IMM), University of Lisbon, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - J Borges-Costa
- Dermatology Department, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, Lisboa, Portugal; Dermatology Universitary Clinic, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisboa, Portugal; Dermatology Research Unit, Instituto de Medicina Molecular IMM), University of Lisbon, Lisboa, Portugal; Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical (IHMT), Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
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Alpalhão M, Frade JV, Sousa D, Patrocínio J, Garrido PM, Correia C, Brazão C, Mancha D, Borrego MJ, Filipe P. Monkeypox: a new (sexually transmissible) epidemic? J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2022; 36:e1016-e1017. [PMID: 35841292 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.18424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M Alpalhão
- Dermatology Research Unit (PFilipe Lab), Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
- Dermatology Department, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte EPE, Lisbon, Portugal
- Dermatology University Clinic, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - J V Frade
- Dermatology Department, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte EPE, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - D Sousa
- Dermatology Department, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte EPE, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - J Patrocínio
- Dermatology Department, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte EPE, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - P M Garrido
- Dermatology Department, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte EPE, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - C Correia
- Dermatology Department, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte EPE, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - C Brazão
- Dermatology Department, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte EPE, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - D Mancha
- Dermatology Department, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte EPE, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - M J Borrego
- Unidade de Investigação e Desenvolvimento do Departamento de Doenças Infecciosas do Instituto Nacional de Saúde Dr. Ricardo Jorge, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - P Filipe
- Dermatology Research Unit (PFilipe Lab), Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
- Dermatology Department, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte EPE, Lisbon, Portugal
- Dermatology University Clinic, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
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Garrido PM, Ferreira J, Filipe P. Disseminated tinea pseudoimbricata as the early warning sign of adult T-cell leukaemia/lymphoma. Clin Exp Dermatol 2021; 47:410-412. [PMID: 34610155 DOI: 10.1111/ced.14961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P M Garrido
- Dermatology Department, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, EPE (CHULN), Lisbon, Portugal
| | - J Ferreira
- Dermatology Department, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, EPE (CHULN), Lisbon, Portugal.,Dermatology Universitary Clinic, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal.,Dermatology Research Unit, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - P Filipe
- Dermatology Department, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, EPE (CHULN), Lisbon, Portugal.,Dermatology Universitary Clinic, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal.,Dermatology Research Unit, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
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Braglia C, Alberoni D, Porrini MP, Garrido PM, Baffoni L, Di Gioia D. Screening of Dietary Ingredients against the Honey Bee Parasite Nosema ceranae. Pathogens 2021; 10:1117. [PMID: 34578150 PMCID: PMC8466614 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10091117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Nosema ceranae is a major pathogen in the beekeeping sector, responsible for nosemosis. This disease is hard to manage since its symptomatology is masked until a strong collapse of the colony population occurs. Conversely, no medicaments are available in the market to counteract nosemosis, and only a few feed additives, with claimed antifungal action, are available. New solutions are strongly required, especially based on natural methods alternative to veterinary drugs that might develop resistance or strongly pollute honey bees and the environment. This study aims at investigating the nosemosis antiparasitic potential of some plant extracts, microbial fermentation products, organic acids, food chain waste products, bacteriocins, and fungi. Honey bees were singularly infected with 5 × 104 freshly prepared N. ceranae spores, reared in cages and fed ad libitum with sugar syrup solution containing the active ingredient. N. ceranae in the gut of honey bees was estimated using qPCR. The results showed that some of the ingredients administered, such as acetic acid at high concentration, p-coumaric acid, and Saccharomyces sp. strain KIA1, were effective in the control of nosemosis. On the other hand, wine acetic acid strongly increased the N. ceranae amount. This study investigates the possibility of using compounds such as organic acids or biological agents including those at the base of the circular economy, i.e., wine waste production, in order to improve honeybee health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Braglia
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences (DISTAL), University of Bologna, Viale Fanin 44, 40127 Bologna, Italy; (C.B.); (L.B.); (D.D.G.)
| | - Daniele Alberoni
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences (DISTAL), University of Bologna, Viale Fanin 44, 40127 Bologna, Italy; (C.B.); (L.B.); (D.D.G.)
| | - Martin Pablo Porrini
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Producción Sanidad y Ambiente (IIPROSAM), Centro Científico Tecnológico Mar del Plata-CONICET-UNMdP-CIC-PBA, Funes 3350, Mar del Plata Zc 7600, Argentina; (M.P.P.); (P.M.G.)
- Centro de Investigación en Abejas Sociales (CIAS), FCEyN, UNMdP, Funes 3350, Mar del Plata Zc 7600, Argentina
| | - Paula Melisa Garrido
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Producción Sanidad y Ambiente (IIPROSAM), Centro Científico Tecnológico Mar del Plata-CONICET-UNMdP-CIC-PBA, Funes 3350, Mar del Plata Zc 7600, Argentina; (M.P.P.); (P.M.G.)
- Centro de Investigación en Abejas Sociales (CIAS), FCEyN, UNMdP, Funes 3350, Mar del Plata Zc 7600, Argentina
| | - Loredana Baffoni
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences (DISTAL), University of Bologna, Viale Fanin 44, 40127 Bologna, Italy; (C.B.); (L.B.); (D.D.G.)
| | - Diana Di Gioia
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences (DISTAL), University of Bologna, Viale Fanin 44, 40127 Bologna, Italy; (C.B.); (L.B.); (D.D.G.)
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Rossini C, Rodrigo F, Davyt B, Umpiérrez ML, González A, Garrido PM, Cuniolo A, Porrini LP, Eguaras MJ, Porrini MP. Sub-lethal effects of the consumption of Eupatorium buniifolium essential oil in honeybees. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0241666. [PMID: 33147299 PMCID: PMC7641371 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0241666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
When developing new products to be used in honeybee colonies, further than acute toxicity, it is imperative to perform an assessment of risks, including various sublethal effects. The long-term sublethal effects of xenobiotics on honeybees, more specifically of acaricides used in honeybee hives, have been scarcely studied, particularly so in the case of essential oils and their components. In this work, chronic effects of the ingestion of Eupatorium buniifolium (Asteraceae) essential oil were studied on nurse honeybees using laboratory assays. Survival, food consumption, and the effect on the composition of cuticular hydrocarbons (CHC) were assessed. CHC were chosen due to their key role as pheromones involved in honeybee social recognition. While food consumption and survival were not affected by the consumption of the essential oil, CHC amounts and profiles showed dose-dependent changes. All groups of CHC (linear and branched alkanes, alkenes and alkadienes) were altered when honeybees were fed with the highest essential oil dose tested (6000 ppm). The compounds that significantly varied include n-docosane, n-tricosane, n-tetracosane, n-triacontane, n-tritriacontane, 9-tricosene, 7-pentacosene, 9-pentacosene, 9-heptacosene, tritriacontene, pentacosadiene, hentriacontadiene, tritriacontadiene and all methyl alkanes. All of them but pentacosadiene were up-regulated. On the other hand, CHC profiles were similar in healthy and Nosema-infected honeybees when diets included the essential oil at 300 and 3000 ppm. Our results show that the ingestion of an essential oil can impact CHC and that the effect is dose-dependent. Changes in CHC could affect the signaling process mediated by these pheromonal compounds. To our knowledge this is the first report of changes in honeybee cuticular hydrocarbons as a result of essential oil ingestion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Rossini
- Laboratorio de Ecología Química, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República de Uruguay, Montevideo, Uruguay
- * E-mail:
| | - Federico Rodrigo
- Laboratorio de Ecología Química, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República de Uruguay, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Belén Davyt
- Laboratorio de Ecología Química, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República de Uruguay, Montevideo, Uruguay
- Centro de Investigación en Abejas Sociales (CIAS), Instituto de Investigaciones en Producción Sanidad y Ambiente (IIPROSAM), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Laura Umpiérrez
- Laboratorio de Ecología Química, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República de Uruguay, Montevideo, Uruguay
- Centro de Investigación en Abejas Sociales (CIAS), Instituto de Investigaciones en Producción Sanidad y Ambiente (IIPROSAM), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Andrés González
- Laboratorio de Ecología Química, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República de Uruguay, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Paula Melisa Garrido
- Centro de Investigación en Abejas Sociales (CIAS), Instituto de Investigaciones en Producción Sanidad y Ambiente (IIPROSAM), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Antonella Cuniolo
- Centro de Investigación en Abejas Sociales (CIAS), Instituto de Investigaciones en Producción Sanidad y Ambiente (IIPROSAM), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Leonardo P. Porrini
- Centro de Investigación en Abejas Sociales (CIAS), Instituto de Investigaciones en Producción Sanidad y Ambiente (IIPROSAM), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Martín Javier Eguaras
- Centro de Investigación en Abejas Sociales (CIAS), Instituto de Investigaciones en Producción Sanidad y Ambiente (IIPROSAM), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Martín P. Porrini
- Laboratorio de Ecología Química, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República de Uruguay, Montevideo, Uruguay
- Centro de Investigación en Abejas Sociales (CIAS), Instituto de Investigaciones en Producción Sanidad y Ambiente (IIPROSAM), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Garrido PM, Porrini MP, Damiani N, Ruffinengo S, Martínez Noël GMA, Salerno G, Eguaras MJ. Heat shock proteins in Varroa destructor exposed to heat stress and in-hive acaricides. Exp Appl Acarol 2018; 76:421-433. [PMID: 30357575 DOI: 10.1007/s10493-018-0319-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Varroa destructor is one of the major pests that affect honeybees around the world. Chemical treatments are common to control varroosis, but mites possess biochemical adaptive mechanisms to resist these treatments, enabling them to survive. So far, no information is available regarding whether these pesticides can induce the expression of heat shock protein (Hsp) as a common protective mechanism against tissue damage. The aims of this study were to determine differences in heat shock tolerance between mites collected from brood combs and phoretic ones, and to examine patterns of protein expression of Hsp70 that occur in various populations of V. destructor after exposure to acaricides commonly employed in beekeeping, such as flumethrin, tau-fluvalinate and coumaphos. Curiously, mites obtained from brood cells were alive at 40 °C, unlike phoretic mites that reached 100% mortality, demonstrating differential thermo-tolerance. Heat treatment induced Hsp70 in mites 4 × more than in control mites and no differences in response were observed in phoretic versus cell-brood-obtained mites. Dose-response assays were carried out at increasing acaricide concentrations. Each population showed a different stress response to acaricides despite belonging to the same geographic region. In one of them, coumaphos acted as a hormetic stressor. Pyrethroids also induced Hsp70, but mite population seemed sensitive to this treatment. We concluded that Hsp70 could represent a robust biomarker for measuring exposure of V. destructor to thermal and chemical stress, depending on the acaricide class and interpopulation variability. This is relevant because it is the first time that stress response is analyzed in this biological model, providing new insight in host-parasite-xenobiotic interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- P M Garrido
- Centro de Investigación en Abejas Sociales (CIAS), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Funes 3350, Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Producción Sanidad y Ambiente (IIPROSAM-CONICET-CIC), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Funes 3350, Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - M P Porrini
- Centro de Investigación en Abejas Sociales (CIAS), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Funes 3350, Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Producción Sanidad y Ambiente (IIPROSAM-CONICET-CIC), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Funes 3350, Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - N Damiani
- Centro de Investigación en Abejas Sociales (CIAS), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Funes 3350, Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Producción Sanidad y Ambiente (IIPROSAM-CONICET-CIC), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Funes 3350, Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - S Ruffinengo
- Centro de Investigación en Abejas Sociales (CIAS), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Funes 3350, Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Grupo Apicultura, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Ruta 226, Km 73,5, Balcarce, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - G M A Martínez Noël
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Biotecnología (INBIOTEC-CONICET), Vieytes 3103, Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - G Salerno
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Biotecnología (INBIOTEC-CONICET), Vieytes 3103, Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - M J Eguaras
- Centro de Investigación en Abejas Sociales (CIAS), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Funes 3350, Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Producción Sanidad y Ambiente (IIPROSAM-CONICET-CIC), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Funes 3350, Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Garrido PM, Borges-Costa J. Eruptive melanocytic nevi in HIV infected patients: report of three cases. Dermatol Online J 2018; 24:13030/qt2800d7xm. [PMID: 30142721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The abrupt development of multiple melanocytic nevi has been described in association with many conditions, including human immunodeficiency virus infection. We report three cases of eruptive nevi in men with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection. One patient developed this phenomenon during the stage of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. The other two patients had human immunodeficiency virus infection recently diagnosed and presented to our clinic reporting the development of multiple melanocytic nevi after starting highly active antiretroviral treatment, with improvement of their immunity. To our knowledge, this is the first report of eruptive melanocytic nevi as a possible consequence of the immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- P M Garrido
- Clinica Universitaria de Dermatologia de Lisboa, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte, EPE (CHLN) - Lisbon.
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Arredondo D, Castelli L, Porrini MP, Garrido PM, Eguaras MJ, Zunino P, Antúnez K. Lactobacillus kunkeei strains decreased the infection by honey bee pathogens Paenibacillus larvae and Nosema ceranae. Benef Microbes 2017; 9:279-290. [PMID: 29264966 DOI: 10.3920/bm2017.0075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Due to their social behaviour, honey bees can be infected by a wide range of pathogens including the microsporidia Nosema ceranae and the bacteria Paenibacillus larvae. The use of probiotics as food additives for the control or prevention of infectious diseases is a widely used approach to improve human and animal health. In this work, we generated a mixture of four Lactobacillus kunkeei strains isolated from the gut microbial community of bees, and evaluated its potential beneficial effect on larvae and adult bees. Its administration in controlled laboratory models was safe for larvae and bees; it did not affect the expression of immune-related genes and it was able to decrease the mortality associated to P. larvae infection in larvae and the counts of N. ceranae spores from adult honey bees. These promising results suggest that this beneficial microorganism's mixture may be an attractive strategy to improve bee health. Field studies are being carried out to evaluate its effect in naturally infected colonies.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Arredondo
- 1 Departamento de Microbiología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable, Avda. Italia 3318, CP 11600, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - L Castelli
- 1 Departamento de Microbiología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable, Avda. Italia 3318, CP 11600, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - M P Porrini
- 2 Centro de Investigación en Abejas Sociales, Departamento de Biología, CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Funes 3350, Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - P M Garrido
- 2 Centro de Investigación en Abejas Sociales, Departamento de Biología, CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Funes 3350, Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - M J Eguaras
- 2 Centro de Investigación en Abejas Sociales, Departamento de Biología, CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Funes 3350, Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - P Zunino
- 1 Departamento de Microbiología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable, Avda. Italia 3318, CP 11600, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - K Antúnez
- 1 Departamento de Microbiología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable, Avda. Italia 3318, CP 11600, Montevideo, Uruguay
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Porrini MP, Porrini LP, Garrido PM, de Melo E Silva Neto C, Porrini DP, Muller F, Nuñez LA, Alvarez L, Iriarte PF, Eguaras MJ. Nosema ceranae in South American Native Stingless Bees and Social Wasp. Microb Ecol 2017; 74:761-764. [PMID: 28389730 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-017-0975-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Besides the incipient research effort, the role of parasites as drivers of the reduction affecting pollinator populations is mostly unknown. Given the worldwide extension of the beekeeping practice and the diversity of pathogens affecting Apis mellifera populations, honey bee colonies are a certain source of parasite dispersion to other species. Here, we communicate the detection of the microsporidium Nosema ceranae, a relatively new parasite of honey bees, in stingless bees (Meliponini) and the social wasp Polybia scutellaris (Vespidae) samples from Argentina and Brazil by means of duplex PCR. Beyond the geographic location of the nests, N. ceranae was detected in seven from the eight Meliponini species analyzed, while Nosema apis, another common parasite of A. mellifera, was absent in all samples tested. Further research is necessary to determine if the presence of the parasite is also associated with established infection in host tissues. The obtained information enriches the current knowledge about pathologies that can infect or, at least, be vectored by native wild pollinators from South America.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martín Pablo Porrini
- Centro de Investigación en Abejas Sociales (CIAS), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Funes 3350, 7600, Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Leonardo Pablo Porrini
- Centro de Investigación en Abejas Sociales (CIAS), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Funes 3350, 7600, Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Paula Melisa Garrido
- Centro de Investigación en Abejas Sociales (CIAS), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Funes 3350, 7600, Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Carlos de Melo E Silva Neto
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnólogia de Goiás, Quartel do XX, Praça Brasil Ramos Caiado, 76600.000, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Darío Pablo Porrini
- GENEBSO, INBIOTEC, UNMdP, CONICET, Funes 3350, 7600, Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Fernando Muller
- Centro de Cría y mejoramiento de abejas "Erich Karl Faltus", N° 111009, Calle J. M. Estrada N°210, N3233, Capioví, Argentina
| | - Laura Alejandra Nuñez
- Laboratorio de Industrias Alimenticias, Universidad Nacional del Chaco Austral, Cdte. Fernandez 755, 3700, Pres. R. Sáenz Peña, Argentina
| | - Leopoldo Alvarez
- División Entomología, Museo de La Plata, CONICET, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Edificio Anexo Museo, Unidades de Investigación FCN yM, 122 y 60, 1900FWA, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Pedro Fernandez Iriarte
- Laboratorio de Genética, Dto. de Biología, CONICET, UNMdP, Funes 3350, 7600, Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Martín Javier Eguaras
- Centro de Investigación en Abejas Sociales (CIAS), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Funes 3350, 7600, Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Garrido PM, Porrini MP, Antúnez K, Branchiccela B, Martínez-Noël GMA, Zunino P, Salerno G, Eguaras MJ, Ieno E. Sublethal effects of acaricides and Nosema ceranae infection on immune related gene expression in honeybees. Vet Res 2016; 47:51. [PMID: 27118545 PMCID: PMC4847213 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-016-0335-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2015] [Accepted: 01/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Nosema ceranae is an obligate intracellular parasite and the etiologic agent of Nosemosis that affects honeybees. Beside the stress caused by this pathogen, honeybee colonies are exposed to pesticides under beekeeper intervention, such as acaricides to control Varroa mites. These compounds can accumulate at high concentrations in apicultural matrices. In this work, the effects of parasitosis/acaricide on genes involved in honeybee immunity and survival were evaluated. Nurse bees were infected with N. ceranae and/or were chronically treated with sublethal doses of coumaphos or tau-fluvalinate, the two most abundant pesticides recorded in productive hives. Our results demonstrate the following: (1) honeybee survival was not affected by any of the treatments; (2) parasite development was not altered by acaricide treatments; (3) coumaphos exposure decreased lysozyme expression; (4) N. ceranae reduced levels of vitellogenin transcripts independently of the presence of acaricides. However, combined effects among stressors on imagoes were not recorded. Sublethal doses of acaricides and their interaction with other ubiquitous parasites in colonies, extending the experimental time, are of particular interest in further research work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Melisa Garrido
- />Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Centro de Investigación en Abejas Sociales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata–CONICET, Mar Del Plata, Buenos Aires Argentina
| | - Martín Pablo Porrini
- />Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Centro de Investigación en Abejas Sociales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata–CONICET, Mar Del Plata, Buenos Aires Argentina
| | - Karina Antúnez
- />Departamento de Microbiología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Belén Branchiccela
- />Departamento de Microbiología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | | | - Pablo Zunino
- />Departamento de Microbiología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Graciela Salerno
- />Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Biotecnología (INBIOTEC-CONICET), CIB-FIBA, Mar Del Plata, Argentina
| | - Martín Javier Eguaras
- />Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Centro de Investigación en Abejas Sociales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata–CONICET, Mar Del Plata, Buenos Aires Argentina
| | - Elena Ieno
- />Highland Statistics, 03130 Alicante, Spain
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Garrido PM, Antúnez K, Martín M, Porrini MP, Zunino P, Eguaras MJ. Immune-related gene expression in nurse honey bees (Apis mellifera) exposed to synthetic acaricides. J Insect Physiol 2013; 59:113-119. [PMID: 23147024 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2012.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2012] [Revised: 10/22/2012] [Accepted: 10/26/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The mite Varroa destructor is an ectoparasite affecting honey bees worldwide. Synthetic acaricides have been among the principal tools available to beekeepers for its control, although several studies have shown its negative effects on honey bee physiology. Recent research suggests that those molecules strongly impact on immune signaling cascades and cellular immunity. In the present work, LC(50) in six-day-old bees were determined for the following acaricides: tau-fluvalinate, flumethrin, amitraz and coumaphos. According to this obtained value, a group of individuals was treated with each acaricide and then processed for qPCR analysis. Transcript levels for genes encoding antimicrobial peptides and immune-related proteins were assessed. Flumethrin increased the expression of hymenoptaecin when comparing treated and control bees. Significant differences were recorded between coumaphos and flumethrin treatments, while the first one reduced the expression of hymenoptaecin and abaecin, the last one up-regulated their expressions. No significant statistically changes were recorded in the expression levels of vitellogenin, lysozyme or glucose dehydrogenase among bees treated with acaricides and control bees. This work constitutes the first report, under laboratory conditions, about induction of immune related genes in response to synthetic miticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Melisa Garrido
- Laboratorio de Artrópodos, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata-CONICET, Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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