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Byun JY, Wells R, Bechthold AC, Coffee-Dunning J, Armstrong M, Taylor R, O'Hare L, Dransfield MT, Brown CJ, Vance DE, Odom JN, Bakitas M, Iyer AS. Project EPIC (Empowering People to Independence in COPD): Study protocol for a hybrid effectiveness-implementation pilot randomized controlled trial of telephonic, geriatrics-palliative care nurse-coaching in older adults with COPD and their family caregivers. Contemp Clin Trials 2024; 140:107487. [PMID: 38458558 DOI: 10.1016/j.cct.2024.107487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND EPIC (Empowering People to Independence in COPD) is a geriatric-palliative care telephonic, nurse coach intervention informed by Baltes' Theory of Successful Aging and adapted from the ENABLE (Educate, Nurture, Advise, Before Life Ends) intervention. EPIC, focused on improving independence, mobility, well-being, and COPD symptoms, has undergone formative and summative evaluation for adults with COPD. METHODS The primary study aim is to assess the refined EPIC intervention's feasibility and acceptability via a pilot hybrid effectiveness-implementation randomized control trial in community-dwelling older adults with moderate to severe COPD and their family caregivers. The secondary aim is to explore the impact of EPIC on patient and caregiver outcomes. Older adults with COPD and their family caregivers (target N = 60 dyads) will be randomized to EPIC (intervention) or usual COPD care (control). EPIC includes six patient and four family caregiver weekly, telephone-based nurse coach sessions using a manualized curriculum (Charting Your Course), plus three monthly follow-up calls. Feasibility will be measured as completion of EPIC intervention and trial components (e.g., recruitment, retention, data collection). Acceptability will be evaluated using satisfaction surveys and post-study feedback interviews. A blinded data collector will assess exploratory outcomes (e.g., Life-Space mobility, quality of life, caregiver burden, emotional symptoms, loneliness, cognitive impairment, functional status, healthcare utilization) at baseline, 12, and 24 weeks. DISCUSSION This intervention fills a gap in addressing the geriatrics and palliative care needs and equity for adults with COPD and their family caregivers. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05040386.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Y Byun
- School of Nursing, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America.
| | - Rachel Wells
- School of Nursing, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America; Center for Palliative and Supportive Care, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America.
| | - Avery C Bechthold
- School of Nursing, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America.
| | - Jazmine Coffee-Dunning
- School of Nursing, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America; Center for Palliative and Supportive Care, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America.
| | - Margaret Armstrong
- School of Nursing, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America; Center for Palliative and Supportive Care, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America.
| | - Richard Taylor
- School of Nursing, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America; Center for Palliative and Supportive Care, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America.
| | - Lanier O'Hare
- School of Nursing, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America; Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care, University of Alabama at Birmingham Pulmonary Division, THT│ 1900 University Blvd, Birmingham, AL 35294, United States of America.
| | - Mark T Dransfield
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care, University of Alabama at Birmingham Pulmonary Division, THT│ 1900 University Blvd, Birmingham, AL 35294, United States of America.
| | - Cynthia J Brown
- Department of Internal Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 2021 Perdido St, New Orleans, LA 70112, United States of America.
| | - David E Vance
- School of Nursing, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America.
| | - J Nicholas Odom
- School of Nursing, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America; Center for Palliative and Supportive Care, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America.
| | - Marie Bakitas
- School of Nursing, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America; Center for Palliative and Supportive Care, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America.
| | - Anand S Iyer
- School of Nursing, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America; Center for Palliative and Supportive Care, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America; Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care, University of Alabama at Birmingham Pulmonary Division, THT│ 1900 University Blvd, Birmingham, AL 35294, United States of America; Division of Gerontology, Geriatrics, and Palliative Care, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America.
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Taylor R, Houart C. Optimized Primary Culture of Neuronal Populations for Subcellular Omics Applications. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2707:113-124. [PMID: 37668908 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3401-1_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Primary cell culture is an invaluable method frequently used to overcome challenges associated with in vivo experiments. In zebrafish research, in vivo live imaging experiments are routine owing to the high optical transparency of embryos, and, as a result, primary cell culture has been less utilized. However, the approach still boasts powerful advantages, emphasizing the importance of sophisticated zebrafish cell culture protocols. Here, we present an enhanced protocol for the generation of primary cell cultures by dissociation of 24 hpf zebrafish embryos. We include a novel cell culture medium recipe specifically favoring neuronal growth and survival, enabling relatively long-term culture. We outline primary zebrafish neuronal culture on glass coverslips, as well as in transwell inserts which allow isolation of neurite tissue for experiments such as investigating subcellular transcriptomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Taylor
- Centre for Developmental Neurobiology and MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, King's College London, London, UK.
| | - Corinne Houart
- Centre for Developmental Neurobiology and MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, King's College London, London, UK.
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Taylor R, Mannion CJ. The medical licensing assessment (MLA): a missed opportunity for oral and maxillofacial surgery? Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2023:S0266-4356(23)00585-5. [PMID: 38360436 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2023.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
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Barnsley J, Williams JA, Chin-Yee S, Costello A, Maslin M, McGlade J, Taylor R, Winning M, Parikh P. Location location location: a carbon footprint calculator for transparent travel to the UN Climate Conference 2022. UCL Open Environ 2023; 5:e066. [PMID: 38033507 PMCID: PMC10686209 DOI: 10.14324/111.444/ucloe.000066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Addressing the large carbon footprint of conferences such as the United Nations Climate Change Convention Conference of the Parties (COP) will be important for maintaining public confidence in climate policy. Transparency is also a vital aspect of creating equitable outcomes in climate policies, as those most likely to be affected or who can create change on the ground are often unable to attend in person because of the high financial costs as well as having a large carbon footprint. The selection of host locations for the regular meetings of the UN Climate Change Convention is based on a rotation amongst the five UN regions, which for 2022 was Africa. Here, we present a carbon footprint calculator for travel to COP 27 in Sharm El-Sheikh, Egypt, weighing the benefits of certain routes and modes of transport. The calculator demonstrates the well-known carbon efficiency of coach and rail over flights but shows that these benefits were partly diminished in the case of COP 27 due to insufficient transport links from Europe to the conference location. However, we also highlight some of the benefits of hosting a COP in the Global South, particularly in the context of climate justice. Users of the calculator are invited to consider all their options for travel and acknowledge the issue of climate justice through careful selection of carbon offsets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Barnsley
- Department of Geography, North-West Wing, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Jhénelle A. Williams
- Department of Geography, North-West Wing, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Simon Chin-Yee
- Department of Political Science, The School of Public Policy, University College London, The Rubin Building, 29/31 Tavistock Square, London, WC1H 9QU, UK
| | - Anthony Costello
- Institute for Global Health, Institute of Child Health, University College London, 30 Guilford Street, London, WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Mark Maslin
- Department of Geography, North-West Wing, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Jacqueline McGlade
- Institute for Global Prosperity, University College London, Maple House, 149 Tottenham Court Road, London, W1T 7NF, UK
| | - Richard Taylor
- Department of Geography, North-West Wing, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Matthew Winning
- UCL Institute for Sustainable Resources, University College London, 14 Upper Woburn Place, London, WC1H 0NN, UK
| | - Priti Parikh
- Bartlett School of Sustainable Construction, 22 Gordon St, London WC1H 0AY, UK
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Colebank MJ, Taylor R, Hacker TA, Chesler NC. Biventricular Interaction During Acute Left Ventricular Ischemia in Mice: A Combined In-Vivo and In-Silico Approach. Ann Biomed Eng 2023; 51:2528-2543. [PMID: 37453977 PMCID: PMC10598180 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-023-03293-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Computational models provide an efficient paradigm for integrating and linking multiple spatial and temporal scales. However, these models are difficult to parameterize and match to experimental data. Recent advances in both data collection and model analyses have helped overcome this limitation. Here, we combine a multiscale, biventricular interaction model with mouse data before and after left ventricular (LV) ischemia. Sensitivity analyses are used to identify the most influential parameters on pressure and volume predictions. The subset of influential model parameters are calibrated to biventricular pressure-volume loop data (n = 3) at baseline. Each mouse underwent left anterior descending coronary artery ligation, during which changes in fractional shortening and RV pressure-volume dynamics were recorded. Using the calibrated model, we simulate acute LV ischemia and contrast outputs at baseline and in simulated ischemia. Our baseline simulations align with the LV and RV data, and our predictions during ischemia complement recorded RV data and prior studies on LV function during myocardial infarction. We show that a model with both biventricular mechanical interaction and systems-level cardiovascular dynamics can quantitatively reproduce in-vivo data and qualitatively match prior findings from animal studies on LV ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Colebank
- Edwards Lifesciences Foundation Cardiovascular Innovation and Research Center, and Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - R Taylor
- Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - T A Hacker
- Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - N C Chesler
- Edwards Lifesciences Foundation Cardiovascular Innovation and Research Center, and Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.
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Krc RF, Mendes W, Molitoris JK, Ferris MJ, Mehra R, Papadimitriou J, Hatten K, Taylor R, Wolf J, Bentzen SM, Sun K, Regine WF, Tran PT, Witek ME. Outcomes of Patients Treated with Re-Irradiation for Recurrent Head and Neck Cancer Using Pencil Beam Scanning Proton Therapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e594-e595. [PMID: 37785794 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.1949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) Re-irradiation (re-RT) for recurrent head and neck cancer (HNC) after prior HNC radiation therapy (RT) is clinically challenging given prior radiation of nearby organs at risk (OARs). We describe clinical outcomes and toxicity of pencil beam scanning proton therapy (PBS-PT) for recurrent HNC. MATERIALS/METHODS We performed a retrospective analysis of recurrent HNC patients treated at a single institution with PBS-PT. Baseline demographic, disease and treatment characteristics were recorded. Local control (LC), locoregional control (LRC), progression free survival (PFS), distant metastasis free survival (DMFS), and overall survival (OS) were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. UVA was completed using logistic regression, and MVA was performed using a backward elimination model. We also report acute and late grade 3+ toxicity outcomes, graded per CTCAE v5.0. RESULTS A total of 89 patients treated with PBS-PT for recurrent HNC between 2016 and 2022 were included. Primary sites included oropharynx (30.0%), oral cavity (22.5%), sinonasal cavity (15.7%), larynx (12.4%) and nasopharynx (6.7%). The most common tumor histology was SCC (73.0%). Median time to re-RT was 47 months. Median dose of PBS-PT was 60 Gy (range: 40-72) with 50.6% receiving BID treatment. Median GTV volume was 30cc (range 4.8-1083cc). 24% of patients received concurrent systemic therapy (46% cytotoxic, 4.5% immunotherapy). Median follow-up after PBS-PT was 8 months (range: 0-71), and median OS was 13 months (95% CI: 9.3-16.7). The median PFS and DMFS were 7 months (95% CI 5.0-9.0) and 9 months (95% CI 5.3-12.7) respectively. The 1- and 2-year LC rates were 80.8% (95% CI: 70.8-90.8) and 66.2% (95% CI: 50.7-81.7). The 1- and 2-year DMFS were 41.0% (95% CI: 30.0-52.0) and 26.3% (95% CI: 15.7-36.9). On UVA and MVA, smaller GTV volume was associated with improved OS (HR 1.002, p = .004), DMFS (HR 1.002, p = 0.004) and PFS (HR 1.002, p = 0.014). In addition, shorter time to re-RT was associated with worse LRC (HR 1.003, p = 0.002), and higher KPS was associated with improved PFS (HR 0.57, p = 0.04). There were 31 acute grade 3 toxicity events (21 patients), the most common being odynophagia (9.0%) followed mucositis (5.6%), dehydration and dermatitis (both 4.5%). One patient had grade 4 toxicity, laryngeal edema requiring intubation 40 days after completion of re-RT. One patient had acute grade 5 toxicity, an oropharyngeal bleed 74 days after completion of re-RT. There were 35 late toxicity events (n = 27), the most common being dysphagia (n = 7, 7.9%). One patient suffered late grade 5 osteoradionecrosis, which resulted in sepsis. CONCLUSION PBS-PT for recurrent HNC results in effective disease control and favorable toxicity. Patients with smaller GTV volume appear to have improved OS, PFS and DMFS, and may be better candidates. Those with shorter time to re-RT also have worse LRC. However, distant failure (DF) comprises a major failure pattern, and biomarkers to identify patients at risk for DF may improve clinical decision making.
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Affiliation(s)
- R F Krc
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, MD
| | - W Mendes
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - J K Molitoris
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - M J Ferris
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - R Mehra
- University of Maryland Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | | | - K Hatten
- University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD
| | - R Taylor
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - J Wolf
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - S M Bentzen
- Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, University of Maryland Greenebaum Cancer Center, and Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - K Sun
- Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, University of Maryland Greenebaum Cancer Center, and Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - W F Regine
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - P T Tran
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - M E Witek
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Madison, WI
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Wong KYK, Hughes DA, Debski M, Latt N, Assaf O, Abdelrahman A, Taylor R, Allgar V, McNeill L, Howard S, Wong SYS, Jones R, Cassidy CJ, Seed A, Galasko G, Clark A, Wilson D, Davis GK, Montasem A, Lang CC, Kalra PR, Campbell R, Lip GYH, Cleland JGF. Effectiveness of out-patient based acute heart failure care: a pilot randomised controlled trial. Acta Cardiol 2023; 78:828-837. [PMID: 37694719 DOI: 10.1080/00015385.2023.2197834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Acute heart failure (AHF) hospitalisation is associated with 10% mortality. Outpatient based management (OPM) of AHF appeared effective in observational studies. We conducted a pilot randomised controlled trial (RCT) comparing OPM with standard inpatient care (IPM). METHODS We randomised patients with AHF, considered to need IV diuretic treatment for ≥2 days, to IPM or OPM. We recorded all-cause mortality, and the number of days alive and out-of-hospital (DAOH). Quality of life, mental well-being and Hope scores were assessed. Mean NHS cost savings and 95% central range (CR) were calculated from bootstrap analysis. Follow-up: 60 days. RESULTS Eleven patients were randomised to IPM and 13 to OPM. There was no statistically significant difference in all-cause mortality during the index episode (1/11 vs 0/13) and up to 60 days follow-up (2/11 vs 2/13) [p = .86]. The OPM group accrued more DAOH {47 [36,51] vs 59 [41,60], p = .13}. Two patients randomised to IPM (vs 6 OPM) were readmitted [p = .31]. Hope scores increased more with OPM within 30 days but dropped to lower levels than IPM by 60 days. More out-patients had increased total well-being scores by 60 days (p = .04). OPM was associated with mean cost savings of £2658 (95% CR 460-4857) per patient. CONCLUSIONS Patients with acute HF randomised to OPM accrued more days alive out of hospital (albeit not statistically significantly in this small pilot study). OPM is favoured by patients and carers and is associated with improved mental well-being and cost savings.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Y K Wong
- Department of Cardiology, Lancashire Cardiac Centre, Blackpool Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Blackpool, UK
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Liverpool, UK
| | - D A Hughes
- Centre for Health Economics and Medicines Evaluation, Bangor University, Bangor, UK
| | - M Debski
- Department of Cardiology, Lancashire Cardiac Centre, Blackpool Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Blackpool, UK
| | - N Latt
- Department of Cardiology, Lancashire Cardiac Centre, Blackpool Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Blackpool, UK
| | - O Assaf
- Department of Cardiology, Lancashire Cardiac Centre, Blackpool Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Blackpool, UK
| | - A Abdelrahman
- Department of Cardiology, Lancashire Cardiac Centre, Blackpool Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Blackpool, UK
| | - R Taylor
- Research and Development Department, Blackpool Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Blackpool, UK
| | - V Allgar
- Peninsula Clinical Trials Unit, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
| | - L McNeill
- Accountant, Blackpool Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Blackpool, UK
| | - S Howard
- Financial Information And Costing Manager, Blackpool Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Blackpool, UK
| | - S Y S Wong
- Department of Care of the Older Person, Blackpool Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Blackpool, UK
| | - R Jones
- Public Involvement Group, Research and Development Department, Blackpool Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Blackpool, UK
| | - C J Cassidy
- Department of Cardiology, Lancashire Cardiac Centre, Blackpool Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Blackpool, UK
| | - A Seed
- Department of Cardiology, Lancashire Cardiac Centre, Blackpool Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Blackpool, UK
| | - G Galasko
- Department of Cardiology, Lancashire Cardiac Centre, Blackpool Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Blackpool, UK
| | - A Clark
- Peninsula Clinical Trials Unit, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
| | - D Wilson
- Department of Cardiology, Worcestershire Royal Hospital (Worcestershire Acute Hospital NHS Trust), Worcester, UK
| | - G K Davis
- Cardiorespiratory Research Centre, Edge Hill University Medical School, Ormskirk, UK
| | - A Montasem
- Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, School of Dental Sciences, Liverpool University Dental Hospital, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - C C Lang
- Department of Cardiology, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - P R Kalra
- Department of Cardiology, Portsmouth Hospitals University NHS Trust, Portsmouth, UK
| | - R Campbell
- Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - G Y H Lip
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science at University of Liverpool, Liverpool John Moores University and Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital, Liverpool, UK
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - J G F Cleland
- Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
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Crawley K, Taylor R, Sandhu A. Frontal Sinus Injury Secondary to TASER Dart: A Narrative Review. J Maxillofac Oral Surg 2023; 22:666-668. [PMID: 37534355 PMCID: PMC10390422 DOI: 10.1007/s12663-022-01790-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Katie Crawley
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Broomhill, Sheffield, S10 2SE UK
| | - Richard Taylor
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Broomhill, Sheffield, S10 2SE UK
| | - Amandip Sandhu
- Oral and Maxillofacial Department, Rotherham General Hospital, Moorgate, Rotherham, S60 2UD UK
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Williams J, Chin-Yee S, Maslin M, Barnsley J, Costello A, Lang J, McGlade J, Mulugetta Y, Taylor R, Winning M, Parikh P. Africa and climate justice at COP27 and beyond: impacts and solutions through an interdisciplinary lens. UCL Open Environ 2023; 5:e062. [PMID: 37671394 PMCID: PMC10476578 DOI: 10.14324/111.444/ucloe.000062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
Climate justice is not just a financial transaction to protect the environment. It needs to be seen as the protection of the most vulnerable in society after centuries of resource exploitation. African countries disproportionately face impacts of climate change on their environments, their economies, their resources and their infrastructure. This leads to greater vulnerability and increased exposure to the negative effects of a changing climate. In this article, we highlight the importance of climate justice and its role within the United Nations negotiations, and ultimately in concrete action. We discuss current climate impacts across key sectors in the African region, with a focus on health, infrastructure, food and water scarcity, energy and finance. All sectors are affected by climate change. They are interconnected and under threat. This triggers a ripple effect, where threats in one sector have a knock-on effect on other sectors. We find that the current set of intergovernmental institutions have failed to adequately address climate justice. We also contend that a siloed approach to climate action has proven to be ineffective. As we head towards the next set of negotiations (COP27), this paper argues that the economic and social conditions in Africa can be addressed through financial and collaborative support for adaptation and localised solutions, but that this will only be achieved if climate justice is prioritised by the decision makers. This needs to include a global-scale transition in how climate finance is assessed and accessed. Climate justice underpins real, effective and sustainable solutions for climate action in Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jhénelle Williams
- Department of Geography, North-West Wing, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Simon Chin-Yee
- Department of Political Science, The School of Public Policy, University College London, The Rubin Building, 29/31 Tavistock Square, London WC1H 9QU, UK
| | - Mark Maslin
- Department of Geography, North-West Wing, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Jonathan Barnsley
- Department of Geography, North-West Wing, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Anthony Costello
- Institute for Global Health, Institute of Child Health, University College London, 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - John Lang
- Energy and Climate Intelligence Unit, 180 Borough High St, London SE1 1LB, UK
| | - Jacqueline McGlade
- Institute for Global Prosperity, University College London, Maple House, 149 Tottenham Court Road, London W1T7NF, UK
| | - Yacob Mulugetta
- Department of Science, Technology, Engineering and Public Policy (STEaPP), University College London, UK
| | - Richard Taylor
- Department of Geography, North-West Wing, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Matthew Winning
- UCL Institute for Sustainable Resources, University College London, 14 Upper Woburn Place, London WC1H 0NN, UK
| | - Priti Parikh
- Engineering for International Development Centre, Bartlett School of Sustainable Construction, University College London, 1–19 Torrington Place, London WC1E 7HB, UK
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Gazaway S, Wells RD, Azuero A, Pisu M, Guastaferro K, Rini C, Taylor R, Reed RD, Harrell ER, Bechthold AC, Bratches RW, McKie P, Lowers J, Williams GR, Rosenberg AR, Bakitas MA, Kavalieratos D, Dionne-Odom JN. Decision support training for advanced cancer family caregivers: Study protocol for the CASCADE factorial trial. Contemp Clin Trials 2023; 131:107259. [PMID: 37286131 PMCID: PMC10527385 DOI: 10.1016/j.cct.2023.107259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with advanced cancer face numerous decisions when diagnosed and often receive decision support from family caregivers. The CASCADE (CAre Supporters Coached to be Adept DEcision partners) factorial trial intervention aims to train caregivers in skills to provide effective decision support to patients and identify most effective intervention components. METHODS This is a 2-site, single-blind, 24 factorial trial to test components of the CASCADE decision support training intervention for family caregivers of patients with newly-diagnosed advanced cancer delivered by specially-trained, telehealth, palliative care lay coaches over 24 weeks. Family caregivers (target N = 352) are randomly assigned to one of 16 combinations of four components with two levels each: 1) psychoeducation on effective decision partnering principles (1 vs. 3 sessions); 2) decision support communication training (1 session vs. none); 3) Ottawa Decision Guide training (1 session vs. none) and 4) monthly follow-up (1 call vs. calls for 24 weeks). The primary outcome is patient-reported decisional conflict at 24 weeks. Secondary outcomes include patient distress, healthcare utilization, caregiver distress, and quality of life. Mediators and moderators (e.g., sociodemographics, decision self-efficacy, social support) will be explored between intervention components and outcomes. Results will be used to build two versions of CASCADE: one with only effective components (d ≥ 0.30) and another optimized for scalability and cost. DISCUSSION This protocol describes the first factorial trial, informed by the multiphase optimization strategy, of a palliative care decision-support intervention for advanced cancer family caregivers and will address the field's need to identify effective components that support serious illness decision-making. TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT04803604.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shena Gazaway
- School of Nursing, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Rachel D Wells
- School of Nursing, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Andres Azuero
- School of Nursing, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Maria Pisu
- Division of Preventive Medicine, UAB Heersink School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Kate Guastaferro
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, School of Global Public Health, New York University, New York, USA
| | - Christine Rini
- Cancer Survivorship Institute, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Richard Taylor
- School of Nursing, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Rhiannon D Reed
- Division of Transplantation, Department of Medicine, UAB, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Erin R Harrell
- Department of Psychology, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA
| | - Avery C Bechthold
- School of Nursing, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Reed W Bratches
- School of Nursing, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Peg McKie
- School of Nursing, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Jane Lowers
- Division of Palliative Medicine, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - Abby R Rosenberg
- Department of Psychosocial Oncology and Palliative Care, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Marie A Bakitas
- School of Nursing, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Dio Kavalieratos
- Division of Palliative Medicine, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Aalbers J, Akerib DS, Akerlof CW, Al Musalhi AK, Alder F, Alqahtani A, Alsum SK, Amarasinghe CS, Ames A, Anderson TJ, Angelides N, Araújo HM, Armstrong JE, Arthurs M, Azadi S, Bailey AJ, Baker A, Balajthy J, Balashov S, Bang J, Bargemann JW, Barry MJ, Barthel J, Bauer D, Baxter A, Beattie K, Belle J, Beltrame P, Bensinger J, Benson T, Bernard EP, Bhatti A, Biekert A, Biesiadzinski TP, Birch HJ, Birrittella B, Blockinger GM, Boast KE, Boxer B, Bramante R, Brew CAJ, Brás P, Buckley JH, Bugaev VV, Burdin S, Busenitz JK, Buuck M, Cabrita R, Carels C, Carlsmith DL, Carlson B, Carmona-Benitez MC, Cascella M, Chan C, Chawla A, Chen H, Cherwinka JJ, Chott NI, Cole A, Coleman J, Converse MV, Cottle A, Cox G, Craddock WW, Creaner O, Curran D, Currie A, Cutter JE, Dahl CE, David A, Davis J, Davison TJR, Delgaudio J, Dey S, de Viveiros L, Dobi A, Dobson JEY, Druszkiewicz E, Dushkin A, Edberg TK, Edwards WR, Elnimr MM, Emmet WT, Eriksen SR, Faham CH, Fan A, Fayer S, Fearon NM, Fiorucci S, Flaecher H, Ford P, Francis VB, Fraser ED, Fruth T, Gaitskell RJ, Gantos NJ, Garcia D, Geffre A, Gehman VM, Genovesi J, Ghag C, Gibbons R, Gibson E, Gilchriese MGD, Gokhale S, Gomber B, Green J, Greenall A, Greenwood S, van der Grinten MGD, Gwilliam CB, Hall CR, Hans S, Hanzel K, Harrison A, Hartigan-O'Connor E, Haselschwardt SJ, Hernandez MA, Hertel SA, Heuermann G, Hjemfelt C, Hoff MD, Holtom E, Hor JYK, Horn M, Huang DQ, Hunt D, Ignarra CM, Jacobsen RG, Jahangir O, James RS, Jeffery SN, Ji W, Johnson J, Kaboth AC, Kamaha AC, Kamdin K, Kasey V, Kazkaz K, Keefner J, Khaitan D, Khaleeq M, Khazov A, Khurana I, Kim YD, Kocher CD, Kodroff D, Korley L, Korolkova EV, Kras J, Kraus H, Kravitz S, Krebs HJ, Kreczko L, Krikler B, Kudryavtsev VA, Kyre S, Landerud B, Leason EA, Lee C, Lee J, Leonard DS, Leonard R, Lesko KT, Levy C, Li J, Liao FT, Liao J, Lin J, Lindote A, Linehan R, Lippincott WH, Liu R, Liu X, Liu Y, Loniewski C, Lopes MI, Lopez Asamar E, López Paredes B, Lorenzon W, Lucero D, Luitz S, Lyle JM, Majewski PA, Makkinje J, Malling DC, Manalaysay A, Manenti L, Mannino RL, Marangou N, Marzioni MF, Maupin C, McCarthy ME, McConnell CT, McKinsey DN, McLaughlin J, Meng Y, Migneault J, Miller EH, Mizrachi E, Mock JA, Monte A, Monzani ME, Morad JA, Morales Mendoza JD, Morrison E, Mount BJ, Murdy M, Murphy ASJ, Naim D, Naylor A, Nedlik C, Nehrkorn C, Neves F, Nguyen A, Nikoleyczik JA, Nilima A, O'Dell J, O'Neill FG, O'Sullivan K, Olcina I, Olevitch MA, Oliver-Mallory KC, Orpwood J, Pagenkopf D, Pal S, Palladino KJ, Palmer J, Pangilinan M, Parveen N, Patton SJ, Pease EK, Penning B, Pereira C, Pereira G, Perry E, Pershing T, Peterson IB, Piepke A, Podczerwinski J, Porzio D, Powell S, Preece RM, Pushkin K, Qie Y, Ratcliff BN, Reichenbacher J, Reichhart L, Rhyne CA, Richards A, Riffard Q, Rischbieter GRC, Rodrigues JP, Rodriguez A, Rose HJ, Rosero R, Rossiter P, Rushton T, Rutherford G, Rynders D, Saba JS, Santone D, Sazzad ABMR, Schnee RW, Scovell PR, Seymour D, Shaw S, Shutt T, Silk JJ, Silva C, Sinev G, Skarpaas K, Skulski W, Smith R, Solmaz M, Solovov VN, Sorensen P, Soria J, Stancu I, Stark MR, Stevens A, Stiegler TM, Stifter K, Studley R, Suerfu B, Sumner TJ, Sutcliffe P, Swanson N, Szydagis M, Tan M, Taylor DJ, Taylor R, Taylor WC, Temples DJ, Tennyson BP, Terman PA, Thomas KJ, Tiedt DR, Timalsina M, To WH, Tomás A, Tong Z, Tovey DR, Tranter J, Trask M, Tripathi M, Tronstad DR, Tull CE, Turner W, Tvrznikova L, Utku U, Va'vra J, Vacheret A, Vaitkus AC, Verbus JR, Voirin E, Waldron WL, Wang A, Wang B, Wang JJ, Wang W, Wang Y, Watson JR, Webb RC, White A, White DT, White JT, White RG, Whitis TJ, Williams M, Wisniewski WJ, Witherell MS, Wolfs FLH, Wolfs JD, Woodford S, Woodward D, Worm SD, Wright CJ, Xia Q, Xiang X, Xiao Q, Xu J, Yeh M, Yin J, Young I, Zarzhitsky P, Zuckerman A, Zweig EA. First Dark Matter Search Results from the LUX-ZEPLIN (LZ) Experiment. Phys Rev Lett 2023; 131:041002. [PMID: 37566836 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.041002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
The LUX-ZEPLIN experiment is a dark matter detector centered on a dual-phase xenon time projection chamber operating at the Sanford Underground Research Facility in Lead, South Dakota, USA. This Letter reports results from LUX-ZEPLIN's first search for weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) with an exposure of 60 live days using a fiducial mass of 5.5 t. A profile-likelihood ratio analysis shows the data to be consistent with a background-only hypothesis, setting new limits on spin-independent WIMP-nucleon, spin-dependent WIMP-neutron, and spin-dependent WIMP-proton cross sections for WIMP masses above 9 GeV/c^{2}. The most stringent limit is set for spin-independent scattering at 36 GeV/c^{2}, rejecting cross sections above 9.2×10^{-48} cm at the 90% confidence level.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Aalbers
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025-7015, USA
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-4085 USA
| | - D S Akerib
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025-7015, USA
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-4085 USA
| | - C W Akerlof
- University of Michigan, Randall Laboratory of Physics, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1040, USA
| | - A K Al Musalhi
- University of Oxford, Department of Physics, Oxford OX1 3RH, United Kingdom
| | - F Alder
- University College London (UCL), Department of Physics and Astronomy, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - A Alqahtani
- Brown University, Department of Physics, Providence, Rhode Island 02912-9037, USA
| | - S K Alsum
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Physics, Madison, Wisconsin 53706-1390, USA
| | - C S Amarasinghe
- University of Michigan, Randall Laboratory of Physics, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1040, USA
| | - A Ames
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025-7015, USA
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-4085 USA
| | - T J Anderson
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025-7015, USA
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-4085 USA
| | - N Angelides
- University College London (UCL), Department of Physics and Astronomy, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
- Imperial College London, Physics Department, Blackett Laboratory, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - H M Araújo
- Imperial College London, Physics Department, Blackett Laboratory, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - J E Armstrong
- University of Maryland, Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742-4111, USA
| | - M Arthurs
- University of Michigan, Randall Laboratory of Physics, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1040, USA
| | - S Azadi
- University of California, Santa Barbara, Department of Physics, Santa Barbara, California 93106-9530, USA
| | - A J Bailey
- Imperial College London, Physics Department, Blackett Laboratory, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - A Baker
- Imperial College London, Physics Department, Blackett Laboratory, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - J Balajthy
- University of California, Davis, Department of Physics, Davis, California 95616-5270, USA
| | - S Balashov
- STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (RAL), Didcot, OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - J Bang
- Brown University, Department of Physics, Providence, Rhode Island 02912-9037, USA
| | - J W Bargemann
- University of California, Santa Barbara, Department of Physics, Santa Barbara, California 93106-9530, USA
| | - M J Barry
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720-8099, USA
| | - J Barthel
- South Dakota Science and Technology Authority (SDSTA), Sanford Underground Research Facility, Lead, South Dakota 57754-1700, USA
| | - D Bauer
- Imperial College London, Physics Department, Blackett Laboratory, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - A Baxter
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool L69 7ZE, United Kingdom
| | - K Beattie
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720-8099, USA
| | - J Belle
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, Illinois 60510-5011, USA
| | - P Beltrame
- University College London (UCL), Department of Physics and Astronomy, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
- University of Edinburgh, SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, United Kingdom
| | - J Bensinger
- Brandeis University, Department of Physics, Waltham, Massachusetts 02453, USA
| | - T Benson
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Physics, Madison, Wisconsin 53706-1390, USA
| | - E P Bernard
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720-8099, USA
- University of California, Berkeley, Department of Physics, Berkeley, California 94720-7300, USA
| | - A Bhatti
- University of Maryland, Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742-4111, USA
| | - A Biekert
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720-8099, USA
- University of California, Berkeley, Department of Physics, Berkeley, California 94720-7300, USA
| | - T P Biesiadzinski
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025-7015, USA
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-4085 USA
| | - H J Birch
- University of Michigan, Randall Laboratory of Physics, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1040, USA
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool L69 7ZE, United Kingdom
| | - B Birrittella
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Physics, Madison, Wisconsin 53706-1390, USA
| | - G M Blockinger
- University at Albany (SUNY), Department of Physics, Albany, New York 12222-0100, USA
| | - K E Boast
- University of Oxford, Department of Physics, Oxford OX1 3RH, United Kingdom
| | - B Boxer
- University of California, Davis, Department of Physics, Davis, California 95616-5270, USA
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool L69 7ZE, United Kingdom
| | - R Bramante
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025-7015, USA
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-4085 USA
| | - C A J Brew
- STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (RAL), Didcot, OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - P Brás
- Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas (LIP), University of Coimbra, P-3004 516 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - J H Buckley
- Washington University in St. Louis, Department of Physics, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4862, USA
| | - V V Bugaev
- Washington University in St. Louis, Department of Physics, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4862, USA
| | - S Burdin
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool L69 7ZE, United Kingdom
| | - J K Busenitz
- University of Alabama, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 34587-0324, USA
| | - M Buuck
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025-7015, USA
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-4085 USA
| | - R Cabrita
- Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas (LIP), University of Coimbra, P-3004 516 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - C Carels
- University of Oxford, Department of Physics, Oxford OX1 3RH, United Kingdom
| | - D L Carlsmith
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Physics, Madison, Wisconsin 53706-1390, USA
| | - B Carlson
- South Dakota Science and Technology Authority (SDSTA), Sanford Underground Research Facility, Lead, South Dakota 57754-1700, USA
| | - M C Carmona-Benitez
- Pennsylvania State University, Department of Physics, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802-6300, USA
| | - M Cascella
- University College London (UCL), Department of Physics and Astronomy, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - C Chan
- Brown University, Department of Physics, Providence, Rhode Island 02912-9037, USA
| | - A Chawla
- Royal Holloway, University of London, Department of Physics, Egham, TW20 0EX, United Kingdom
| | - H Chen
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720-8099, USA
| | - J J Cherwinka
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Physics, Madison, Wisconsin 53706-1390, USA
| | - N I Chott
- South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, South Dakota 57701-3901, USA
| | - A Cole
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720-8099, USA
| | - J Coleman
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720-8099, USA
| | - M V Converse
- University of Rochester, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester, New York 14627-0171, USA
| | - A Cottle
- University of Oxford, Department of Physics, Oxford OX1 3RH, United Kingdom
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, Illinois 60510-5011, USA
| | - G Cox
- South Dakota Science and Technology Authority (SDSTA), Sanford Underground Research Facility, Lead, South Dakota 57754-1700, USA
- Pennsylvania State University, Department of Physics, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802-6300, USA
| | - W W Craddock
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025-7015, USA
| | - O Creaner
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720-8099, USA
| | - D Curran
- South Dakota Science and Technology Authority (SDSTA), Sanford Underground Research Facility, Lead, South Dakota 57754-1700, USA
| | - A Currie
- Imperial College London, Physics Department, Blackett Laboratory, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - J E Cutter
- University of California, Davis, Department of Physics, Davis, California 95616-5270, USA
| | - C E Dahl
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, Illinois 60510-5011, USA
- Northwestern University, Department of Physics & Astronomy, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3112, USA
| | - A David
- University College London (UCL), Department of Physics and Astronomy, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - J Davis
- South Dakota Science and Technology Authority (SDSTA), Sanford Underground Research Facility, Lead, South Dakota 57754-1700, USA
| | - T J R Davison
- University of Edinburgh, SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, United Kingdom
| | - J Delgaudio
- South Dakota Science and Technology Authority (SDSTA), Sanford Underground Research Facility, Lead, South Dakota 57754-1700, USA
| | - S Dey
- University of Oxford, Department of Physics, Oxford OX1 3RH, United Kingdom
| | - L de Viveiros
- Pennsylvania State University, Department of Physics, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802-6300, USA
| | - A Dobi
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720-8099, USA
| | - J E Y Dobson
- University College London (UCL), Department of Physics and Astronomy, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - E Druszkiewicz
- University of Rochester, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester, New York 14627-0171, USA
| | - A Dushkin
- Brandeis University, Department of Physics, Waltham, Massachusetts 02453, USA
| | - T K Edberg
- University of Maryland, Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742-4111, USA
| | - W R Edwards
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720-8099, USA
| | - M M Elnimr
- University of Alabama, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 34587-0324, USA
| | - W T Emmet
- Yale University, Department of Physics, New Haven, Connecticut 06511-8499, USA
| | - S R Eriksen
- University of Bristol, H.H. Wills Physics Laboratory, Bristol, BS8 1TL, United Kingdom
| | - C H Faham
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720-8099, USA
| | - A Fan
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025-7015, USA
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-4085 USA
| | - S Fayer
- Imperial College London, Physics Department, Blackett Laboratory, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - N M Fearon
- University of Oxford, Department of Physics, Oxford OX1 3RH, United Kingdom
| | - S Fiorucci
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720-8099, USA
| | - H Flaecher
- University of Bristol, H.H. Wills Physics Laboratory, Bristol, BS8 1TL, United Kingdom
| | - P Ford
- STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (RAL), Didcot, OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - V B Francis
- STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (RAL), Didcot, OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - E D Fraser
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool L69 7ZE, United Kingdom
| | - T Fruth
- University of Oxford, Department of Physics, Oxford OX1 3RH, United Kingdom
- University College London (UCL), Department of Physics and Astronomy, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - R J Gaitskell
- Brown University, Department of Physics, Providence, Rhode Island 02912-9037, USA
| | - N J Gantos
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720-8099, USA
| | - D Garcia
- Brown University, Department of Physics, Providence, Rhode Island 02912-9037, USA
| | - A Geffre
- South Dakota Science and Technology Authority (SDSTA), Sanford Underground Research Facility, Lead, South Dakota 57754-1700, USA
| | - V M Gehman
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720-8099, USA
| | - J Genovesi
- South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, South Dakota 57701-3901, USA
| | - C Ghag
- University College London (UCL), Department of Physics and Astronomy, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - R Gibbons
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720-8099, USA
- University of California, Berkeley, Department of Physics, Berkeley, California 94720-7300, USA
| | - E Gibson
- University of Oxford, Department of Physics, Oxford OX1 3RH, United Kingdom
| | - M G D Gilchriese
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720-8099, USA
| | - S Gokhale
- Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - B Gomber
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Physics, Madison, Wisconsin 53706-1390, USA
| | - J Green
- University of Oxford, Department of Physics, Oxford OX1 3RH, United Kingdom
| | - A Greenall
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool L69 7ZE, United Kingdom
| | - S Greenwood
- Imperial College London, Physics Department, Blackett Laboratory, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | | | - C B Gwilliam
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool L69 7ZE, United Kingdom
| | - C R Hall
- University of Maryland, Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742-4111, USA
| | - S Hans
- Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - K Hanzel
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720-8099, USA
| | - A Harrison
- South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, South Dakota 57701-3901, USA
| | - E Hartigan-O'Connor
- Brown University, Department of Physics, Providence, Rhode Island 02912-9037, USA
| | - S J Haselschwardt
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720-8099, USA
| | - M A Hernandez
- University of Michigan, Randall Laboratory of Physics, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1040, USA
| | - S A Hertel
- University of Massachusetts, Department of Physics, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003-9337, USA
| | - G Heuermann
- University of Michigan, Randall Laboratory of Physics, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1040, USA
| | - C Hjemfelt
- South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, South Dakota 57701-3901, USA
| | - M D Hoff
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720-8099, USA
| | - E Holtom
- STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (RAL), Didcot, OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - J Y-K Hor
- University of Alabama, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 34587-0324, USA
| | - M Horn
- South Dakota Science and Technology Authority (SDSTA), Sanford Underground Research Facility, Lead, South Dakota 57754-1700, USA
| | - D Q Huang
- University of Michigan, Randall Laboratory of Physics, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1040, USA
- Brown University, Department of Physics, Providence, Rhode Island 02912-9037, USA
| | - D Hunt
- University of Oxford, Department of Physics, Oxford OX1 3RH, United Kingdom
| | - C M Ignarra
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025-7015, USA
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-4085 USA
| | - R G Jacobsen
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720-8099, USA
- University of California, Berkeley, Department of Physics, Berkeley, California 94720-7300, USA
| | - O Jahangir
- University College London (UCL), Department of Physics and Astronomy, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - R S James
- University College London (UCL), Department of Physics and Astronomy, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - S N Jeffery
- STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (RAL), Didcot, OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - W Ji
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025-7015, USA
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-4085 USA
| | - J Johnson
- University of California, Davis, Department of Physics, Davis, California 95616-5270, USA
| | - A C Kaboth
- STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (RAL), Didcot, OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
- Royal Holloway, University of London, Department of Physics, Egham, TW20 0EX, United Kingdom
| | - A C Kamaha
- University at Albany (SUNY), Department of Physics, Albany, New York 12222-0100, USA
- University of Califonia, Los Angeles, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Los Angeles, California 90095-1547
| | - K Kamdin
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720-8099, USA
- University of California, Berkeley, Department of Physics, Berkeley, California 94720-7300, USA
| | - V Kasey
- Imperial College London, Physics Department, Blackett Laboratory, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - K Kazkaz
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, California 94550-9698, USA
| | - J Keefner
- South Dakota Science and Technology Authority (SDSTA), Sanford Underground Research Facility, Lead, South Dakota 57754-1700, USA
| | - D Khaitan
- University of Rochester, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester, New York 14627-0171, USA
| | - M Khaleeq
- Imperial College London, Physics Department, Blackett Laboratory, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - A Khazov
- STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (RAL), Didcot, OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - I Khurana
- University College London (UCL), Department of Physics and Astronomy, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - Y D Kim
- IBS Center for Underground Physics (CUP), Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Korea
| | - C D Kocher
- Brown University, Department of Physics, Providence, Rhode Island 02912-9037, USA
| | - D Kodroff
- Pennsylvania State University, Department of Physics, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802-6300, USA
| | - L Korley
- University of Michigan, Randall Laboratory of Physics, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1040, USA
- Brandeis University, Department of Physics, Waltham, Massachusetts 02453, USA
| | - E V Korolkova
- University of Sheffield, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Sheffield S3 7RH, United Kingdom
| | - J Kras
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Physics, Madison, Wisconsin 53706-1390, USA
| | - H Kraus
- University of Oxford, Department of Physics, Oxford OX1 3RH, United Kingdom
| | - S Kravitz
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720-8099, USA
| | - H J Krebs
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025-7015, USA
| | - L Kreczko
- Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - B Krikler
- Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - V A Kudryavtsev
- University of Sheffield, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Sheffield S3 7RH, United Kingdom
| | - S Kyre
- University of California, Santa Barbara, Department of Physics, Santa Barbara, California 93106-9530, USA
| | - B Landerud
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Physics, Madison, Wisconsin 53706-1390, USA
| | - E A Leason
- University of Edinburgh, SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, United Kingdom
| | - C Lee
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025-7015, USA
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-4085 USA
| | - J Lee
- IBS Center for Underground Physics (CUP), Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Korea
| | - D S Leonard
- IBS Center for Underground Physics (CUP), Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Korea
| | - R Leonard
- South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, South Dakota 57701-3901, USA
| | - K T Lesko
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720-8099, USA
| | - C Levy
- University at Albany (SUNY), Department of Physics, Albany, New York 12222-0100, USA
| | - J Li
- IBS Center for Underground Physics (CUP), Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Korea
| | - F-T Liao
- University of Oxford, Department of Physics, Oxford OX1 3RH, United Kingdom
| | - J Liao
- Brown University, Department of Physics, Providence, Rhode Island 02912-9037, USA
| | - J Lin
- University of Oxford, Department of Physics, Oxford OX1 3RH, United Kingdom
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720-8099, USA
- University of California, Berkeley, Department of Physics, Berkeley, California 94720-7300, USA
| | - A Lindote
- Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas (LIP), University of Coimbra, P-3004 516 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - R Linehan
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025-7015, USA
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-4085 USA
| | - W H Lippincott
- University of California, Santa Barbara, Department of Physics, Santa Barbara, California 93106-9530, USA
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, Illinois 60510-5011, USA
| | - R Liu
- Brown University, Department of Physics, Providence, Rhode Island 02912-9037, USA
| | - X Liu
- University of Edinburgh, SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, United Kingdom
| | - Y Liu
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Physics, Madison, Wisconsin 53706-1390, USA
| | - C Loniewski
- University of Rochester, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester, New York 14627-0171, USA
| | - M I Lopes
- Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas (LIP), University of Coimbra, P-3004 516 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - E Lopez Asamar
- Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas (LIP), University of Coimbra, P-3004 516 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - B López Paredes
- Imperial College London, Physics Department, Blackett Laboratory, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - W Lorenzon
- University of Michigan, Randall Laboratory of Physics, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1040, USA
| | - D Lucero
- South Dakota Science and Technology Authority (SDSTA), Sanford Underground Research Facility, Lead, South Dakota 57754-1700, USA
| | - S Luitz
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025-7015, USA
| | - J M Lyle
- Brown University, Department of Physics, Providence, Rhode Island 02912-9037, USA
| | - P A Majewski
- STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (RAL), Didcot, OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - J Makkinje
- Brown University, Department of Physics, Providence, Rhode Island 02912-9037, USA
| | - D C Malling
- Brown University, Department of Physics, Providence, Rhode Island 02912-9037, USA
| | - A Manalaysay
- University of California, Davis, Department of Physics, Davis, California 95616-5270, USA
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720-8099, USA
| | - L Manenti
- University College London (UCL), Department of Physics and Astronomy, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - R L Mannino
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Physics, Madison, Wisconsin 53706-1390, USA
| | - N Marangou
- Imperial College London, Physics Department, Blackett Laboratory, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - M F Marzioni
- University of Edinburgh, SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, United Kingdom
| | - C Maupin
- South Dakota Science and Technology Authority (SDSTA), Sanford Underground Research Facility, Lead, South Dakota 57754-1700, USA
| | - M E McCarthy
- University of Rochester, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester, New York 14627-0171, USA
| | - C T McConnell
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720-8099, USA
| | - D N McKinsey
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720-8099, USA
- University of California, Berkeley, Department of Physics, Berkeley, California 94720-7300, USA
| | - J McLaughlin
- Northwestern University, Department of Physics & Astronomy, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3112, USA
| | - Y Meng
- University of Alabama, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 34587-0324, USA
| | - J Migneault
- Brown University, Department of Physics, Providence, Rhode Island 02912-9037, USA
| | - E H Miller
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025-7015, USA
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-4085 USA
- South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, South Dakota 57701-3901, USA
| | - E Mizrachi
- University of Maryland, Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742-4111, USA
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, California 94550-9698, USA
| | - J A Mock
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720-8099, USA
- University at Albany (SUNY), Department of Physics, Albany, New York 12222-0100, USA
| | - A Monte
- University of California, Santa Barbara, Department of Physics, Santa Barbara, California 93106-9530, USA
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, Illinois 60510-5011, USA
| | - M E Monzani
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025-7015, USA
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-4085 USA
- Vatican Observatory, Castel Gandolfo, V-00120, Vatican City State
| | - J A Morad
- University of California, Davis, Department of Physics, Davis, California 95616-5270, USA
| | - J D Morales Mendoza
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025-7015, USA
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-4085 USA
| | - E Morrison
- South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, South Dakota 57701-3901, USA
| | - B J Mount
- Black Hills State University, School of Natural Sciences, Spearfish, South Dakota 57799-0002, USA
| | - M Murdy
- University of Massachusetts, Department of Physics, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003-9337, USA
| | - A St J Murphy
- University of Edinburgh, SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, United Kingdom
| | - D Naim
- University of California, Davis, Department of Physics, Davis, California 95616-5270, USA
| | - A Naylor
- University of Sheffield, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Sheffield S3 7RH, United Kingdom
| | - C Nedlik
- University of Massachusetts, Department of Physics, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003-9337, USA
| | - C Nehrkorn
- University of California, Santa Barbara, Department of Physics, Santa Barbara, California 93106-9530, USA
| | - F Neves
- Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas (LIP), University of Coimbra, P-3004 516 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - A Nguyen
- University of Edinburgh, SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, United Kingdom
| | - J A Nikoleyczik
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Physics, Madison, Wisconsin 53706-1390, USA
| | - A Nilima
- University of Edinburgh, SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, United Kingdom
| | - J O'Dell
- STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (RAL), Didcot, OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - F G O'Neill
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025-7015, USA
| | - K O'Sullivan
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720-8099, USA
- University of California, Berkeley, Department of Physics, Berkeley, California 94720-7300, USA
| | - I Olcina
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720-8099, USA
- University of California, Berkeley, Department of Physics, Berkeley, California 94720-7300, USA
| | - M A Olevitch
- Washington University in St. Louis, Department of Physics, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4862, USA
| | - K C Oliver-Mallory
- Imperial College London, Physics Department, Blackett Laboratory, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720-8099, USA
- University of California, Berkeley, Department of Physics, Berkeley, California 94720-7300, USA
| | - J Orpwood
- University of Sheffield, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Sheffield S3 7RH, United Kingdom
| | - D Pagenkopf
- University of California, Santa Barbara, Department of Physics, Santa Barbara, California 93106-9530, USA
| | - S Pal
- Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas (LIP), University of Coimbra, P-3004 516 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - K J Palladino
- University of Oxford, Department of Physics, Oxford OX1 3RH, United Kingdom
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Physics, Madison, Wisconsin 53706-1390, USA
| | - J Palmer
- Royal Holloway, University of London, Department of Physics, Egham, TW20 0EX, United Kingdom
| | - M Pangilinan
- Brown University, Department of Physics, Providence, Rhode Island 02912-9037, USA
| | - N Parveen
- University at Albany (SUNY), Department of Physics, Albany, New York 12222-0100, USA
| | - S J Patton
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720-8099, USA
| | - E K Pease
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720-8099, USA
| | - B Penning
- University of Michigan, Randall Laboratory of Physics, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1040, USA
- Brandeis University, Department of Physics, Waltham, Massachusetts 02453, USA
| | - C Pereira
- Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas (LIP), University of Coimbra, P-3004 516 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - G Pereira
- Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas (LIP), University of Coimbra, P-3004 516 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - E Perry
- University College London (UCL), Department of Physics and Astronomy, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - T Pershing
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, California 94550-9698, USA
| | - I B Peterson
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720-8099, USA
| | - A Piepke
- University of Alabama, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 34587-0324, USA
| | - J Podczerwinski
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Physics, Madison, Wisconsin 53706-1390, USA
| | - D Porzio
- Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas (LIP), University of Coimbra, P-3004 516 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - S Powell
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool L69 7ZE, United Kingdom
| | - R M Preece
- STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (RAL), Didcot, OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - K Pushkin
- University of Michigan, Randall Laboratory of Physics, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1040, USA
| | - Y Qie
- University of Rochester, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester, New York 14627-0171, USA
| | - B N Ratcliff
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025-7015, USA
| | - J Reichenbacher
- South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, South Dakota 57701-3901, USA
| | - L Reichhart
- University College London (UCL), Department of Physics and Astronomy, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - C A Rhyne
- Brown University, Department of Physics, Providence, Rhode Island 02912-9037, USA
| | - A Richards
- Imperial College London, Physics Department, Blackett Laboratory, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Q Riffard
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720-8099, USA
- University of California, Berkeley, Department of Physics, Berkeley, California 94720-7300, USA
| | - G R C Rischbieter
- University at Albany (SUNY), Department of Physics, Albany, New York 12222-0100, USA
| | - J P Rodrigues
- Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas (LIP), University of Coimbra, P-3004 516 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - A Rodriguez
- Black Hills State University, School of Natural Sciences, Spearfish, South Dakota 57799-0002, USA
| | - H J Rose
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool L69 7ZE, United Kingdom
| | - R Rosero
- Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - P Rossiter
- University of Sheffield, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Sheffield S3 7RH, United Kingdom
| | - T Rushton
- University of Sheffield, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Sheffield S3 7RH, United Kingdom
| | - G Rutherford
- Brown University, Department of Physics, Providence, Rhode Island 02912-9037, USA
| | - D Rynders
- South Dakota Science and Technology Authority (SDSTA), Sanford Underground Research Facility, Lead, South Dakota 57754-1700, USA
| | - J S Saba
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720-8099, USA
| | - D Santone
- Royal Holloway, University of London, Department of Physics, Egham, TW20 0EX, United Kingdom
| | - A B M R Sazzad
- University of Alabama, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 34587-0324, USA
| | - R W Schnee
- South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, South Dakota 57701-3901, USA
| | - P R Scovell
- University of Oxford, Department of Physics, Oxford OX1 3RH, United Kingdom
- STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (RAL), Didcot, OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - D Seymour
- Brown University, Department of Physics, Providence, Rhode Island 02912-9037, USA
| | - S Shaw
- University of California, Santa Barbara, Department of Physics, Santa Barbara, California 93106-9530, USA
| | - T Shutt
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025-7015, USA
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-4085 USA
| | - J J Silk
- University of Maryland, Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742-4111, USA
| | - C Silva
- Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas (LIP), University of Coimbra, P-3004 516 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - G Sinev
- South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, South Dakota 57701-3901, USA
| | - K Skarpaas
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025-7015, USA
| | - W Skulski
- University of Rochester, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester, New York 14627-0171, USA
| | - R Smith
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720-8099, USA
- University of California, Berkeley, Department of Physics, Berkeley, California 94720-7300, USA
| | - M Solmaz
- University of California, Santa Barbara, Department of Physics, Santa Barbara, California 93106-9530, USA
| | - V N Solovov
- Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas (LIP), University of Coimbra, P-3004 516 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - P Sorensen
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720-8099, USA
| | - J Soria
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720-8099, USA
- University of California, Berkeley, Department of Physics, Berkeley, California 94720-7300, USA
| | - I Stancu
- University of Alabama, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 34587-0324, USA
| | - M R Stark
- South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, South Dakota 57701-3901, USA
| | - A Stevens
- University of Oxford, Department of Physics, Oxford OX1 3RH, United Kingdom
- University College London (UCL), Department of Physics and Astronomy, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
- Imperial College London, Physics Department, Blackett Laboratory, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - T M Stiegler
- Texas A&M University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, College Station, Texas 77843-4242, USA
| | - K Stifter
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025-7015, USA
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-4085 USA
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, Illinois 60510-5011, USA
| | - R Studley
- Brandeis University, Department of Physics, Waltham, Massachusetts 02453, USA
| | - B Suerfu
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720-8099, USA
- University of California, Berkeley, Department of Physics, Berkeley, California 94720-7300, USA
| | - T J Sumner
- Imperial College London, Physics Department, Blackett Laboratory, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - P Sutcliffe
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool L69 7ZE, United Kingdom
| | - N Swanson
- Brown University, Department of Physics, Providence, Rhode Island 02912-9037, USA
| | - M Szydagis
- University at Albany (SUNY), Department of Physics, Albany, New York 12222-0100, USA
| | - M Tan
- University of Oxford, Department of Physics, Oxford OX1 3RH, United Kingdom
| | - D J Taylor
- South Dakota Science and Technology Authority (SDSTA), Sanford Underground Research Facility, Lead, South Dakota 57754-1700, USA
| | - R Taylor
- Imperial College London, Physics Department, Blackett Laboratory, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - W C Taylor
- Brown University, Department of Physics, Providence, Rhode Island 02912-9037, USA
| | - D J Temples
- Northwestern University, Department of Physics & Astronomy, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3112, USA
| | - B P Tennyson
- Yale University, Department of Physics, New Haven, Connecticut 06511-8499, USA
| | - P A Terman
- Texas A&M University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, College Station, Texas 77843-4242, USA
| | - K J Thomas
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720-8099, USA
| | - D R Tiedt
- University of Maryland, Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742-4111, USA
- South Dakota Science and Technology Authority (SDSTA), Sanford Underground Research Facility, Lead, South Dakota 57754-1700, USA
- South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, South Dakota 57701-3901, USA
| | - M Timalsina
- South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, South Dakota 57701-3901, USA
| | - W H To
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025-7015, USA
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-4085 USA
| | - A Tomás
- Imperial College London, Physics Department, Blackett Laboratory, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Z Tong
- Imperial College London, Physics Department, Blackett Laboratory, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - D R Tovey
- University of Sheffield, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Sheffield S3 7RH, United Kingdom
| | - J Tranter
- University of Sheffield, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Sheffield S3 7RH, United Kingdom
| | - M Trask
- University of California, Santa Barbara, Department of Physics, Santa Barbara, California 93106-9530, USA
| | - M Tripathi
- University of California, Davis, Department of Physics, Davis, California 95616-5270, USA
| | - D R Tronstad
- South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, South Dakota 57701-3901, USA
| | - C E Tull
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720-8099, USA
| | - W Turner
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool L69 7ZE, United Kingdom
| | - L Tvrznikova
- University of California, Berkeley, Department of Physics, Berkeley, California 94720-7300, USA
- Yale University, Department of Physics, New Haven, Connecticut 06511-8499, USA
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, California 94550-9698, USA
| | - U Utku
- University College London (UCL), Department of Physics and Astronomy, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - J Va'vra
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025-7015, USA
| | - A Vacheret
- Imperial College London, Physics Department, Blackett Laboratory, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - A C Vaitkus
- Brown University, Department of Physics, Providence, Rhode Island 02912-9037, USA
| | - J R Verbus
- Brown University, Department of Physics, Providence, Rhode Island 02912-9037, USA
| | - E Voirin
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, Illinois 60510-5011, USA
| | - W L Waldron
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720-8099, USA
| | - A Wang
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025-7015, USA
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-4085 USA
| | - B Wang
- University of Alabama, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 34587-0324, USA
| | - J J Wang
- University of Alabama, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 34587-0324, USA
| | - W Wang
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Physics, Madison, Wisconsin 53706-1390, USA
- University of Massachusetts, Department of Physics, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003-9337, USA
| | - Y Wang
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720-8099, USA
- University of California, Berkeley, Department of Physics, Berkeley, California 94720-7300, USA
| | - J R Watson
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720-8099, USA
- University of California, Berkeley, Department of Physics, Berkeley, California 94720-7300, USA
| | - R C Webb
- Texas A&M University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, College Station, Texas 77843-4242, USA
| | - A White
- Brown University, Department of Physics, Providence, Rhode Island 02912-9037, USA
| | - D T White
- University of California, Santa Barbara, Department of Physics, Santa Barbara, California 93106-9530, USA
| | - J T White
- Texas A&M University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, College Station, Texas 77843-4242, USA
| | - R G White
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025-7015, USA
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-4085 USA
| | - T J Whitis
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025-7015, USA
- University of California, Santa Barbara, Department of Physics, Santa Barbara, California 93106-9530, USA
| | - M Williams
- University of Michigan, Randall Laboratory of Physics, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1040, USA
- Brandeis University, Department of Physics, Waltham, Massachusetts 02453, USA
| | - W J Wisniewski
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025-7015, USA
| | - M S Witherell
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720-8099, USA
- University of California, Berkeley, Department of Physics, Berkeley, California 94720-7300, USA
| | - F L H Wolfs
- University of Rochester, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester, New York 14627-0171, USA
| | - J D Wolfs
- University of Rochester, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester, New York 14627-0171, USA
| | - S Woodford
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool L69 7ZE, United Kingdom
| | - D Woodward
- Pennsylvania State University, Department of Physics, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802-6300, USA
| | - S D Worm
- STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (RAL), Didcot, OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - C J Wright
- Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - Q Xia
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720-8099, USA
| | - X Xiang
- Brown University, Department of Physics, Providence, Rhode Island 02912-9037, USA
- Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - Q Xiao
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Physics, Madison, Wisconsin 53706-1390, USA
| | - J Xu
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, California 94550-9698, USA
| | - M Yeh
- Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - J Yin
- University of Rochester, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester, New York 14627-0171, USA
| | - I Young
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, Illinois 60510-5011, USA
| | - P Zarzhitsky
- University of Alabama, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 34587-0324, USA
| | - A Zuckerman
- Brown University, Department of Physics, Providence, Rhode Island 02912-9037, USA
| | - E A Zweig
- University of Califonia, Los Angeles, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Los Angeles, California 90095-1547
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Iyer AS, Wells RD, Dionne-Odom JN, Bechthold AC, Armstrong M, Byun JY, O'Hare L, Taylor R, Ford S, Coffee-Dunning J, Dransfield MT, Brown CJ, Bakitas MA. Project EPIC (Early Palliative Care In COPD): A Formative and Summative Evaluation of the EPIC Telehealth Intervention. J Pain Symptom Manage 2023; 65:335-347.e3. [PMID: 36496113 PMCID: PMC10023469 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2022.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Early, concurrent palliative care interventions in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are limited. Project EPIC (Early Palliative Care In COPD) is a multiphase mixed methods study working to fill this gap. OBJECTIVES To conduct a formative and summative evaluation of EPIC, a telephonic nurse coach-led early palliative care intervention for COPD adapted from the ENABLE© intervention in cancer. METHODS Phase I Formative Evaluation: Patients with moderate-to-very-severe COPD, family caregivers, and pulmonary and palliative care clinicians rated the acceptability and feasibility of EPIC (≥4 out of five on a Likert-scale survey). Phase II Summative Evaluation: Patients and family caregivers in Phase I participated in a pilot of the three month EPIC prototype to evaluate intervention and data collection feasibility (≥70% completion) and to seek qualitative feedback. RESULTS Phase I Formative Evaluation: Patients (n=10), family caregivers (n=10), pulmonary clinicians (n=6), and palliative care clinicians (n=6) found EPIC acceptable and feasible to support adaptation, while priority early palliative care needs in COPD from our prior research mapped well to the EPIC prototype. Phase II Summative Evaluation: Patients (n=5; ages 49-72, 40% moderate COPD, 40% Black) and their family caregivers (n=5; ages 51-73, 40% Black) completed 100% of EPIC prototype components, including weekly telephone sessions, a one month follow-up call, Advance Directive, palliative care clinic attendance, and 95% of monthly phone data collection sessions. Feedback from participants about EPIC was all positive. CONCLUSION EPIC was acceptable and feasible in patients with COPD and their family caregivers. Larger feasibility and effectiveness trials are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anand S Iyer
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine (A.S.I., L.O.H., M.T.D.), University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; Center for Palliative and Supportive Care, Division of Gerontology, Geriatrics, and Palliative Care, Department of Medicine (A.S.I., R.D.W., J.N.D., J.C., M.A.B.), University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; School of Nursing (A.S.I., R.D.W., J.N.D., J.C., M.A.B.), University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama.
| | - Rachel D Wells
- Center for Palliative and Supportive Care, Division of Gerontology, Geriatrics, and Palliative Care, Department of Medicine (A.S.I., R.D.W., J.N.D., J.C., M.A.B.), University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; School of Nursing (A.S.I., R.D.W., J.N.D., J.C., M.A.B.), University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - J Nicholas Dionne-Odom
- Center for Palliative and Supportive Care, Division of Gerontology, Geriatrics, and Palliative Care, Department of Medicine (A.S.I., R.D.W., J.N.D., J.C., M.A.B.), University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; School of Nursing (A.S.I., R.D.W., J.N.D., J.C., M.A.B.), University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Avery C Bechthold
- School of Nursing (A.S.I., R.D.W., J.N.D., J.C., M.A.B.), University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Margaret Armstrong
- School of Nursing (A.S.I., R.D.W., J.N.D., J.C., M.A.B.), University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Jun Yeong Byun
- School of Nursing (A.S.I., R.D.W., J.N.D., J.C., M.A.B.), University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Lanier O'Hare
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine (A.S.I., L.O.H., M.T.D.), University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; School of Nursing (A.S.I., R.D.W., J.N.D., J.C., M.A.B.), University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Richard Taylor
- School of Nursing (A.S.I., R.D.W., J.N.D., J.C., M.A.B.), University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Stephanie Ford
- School of Nursing (A.S.I., R.D.W., J.N.D., J.C., M.A.B.), University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Jazmine Coffee-Dunning
- Center for Palliative and Supportive Care, Division of Gerontology, Geriatrics, and Palliative Care, Department of Medicine (A.S.I., R.D.W., J.N.D., J.C., M.A.B.), University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; School of Nursing (A.S.I., R.D.W., J.N.D., J.C., M.A.B.), University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Mark T Dransfield
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine (A.S.I., L.O.H., M.T.D.), University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center (M.T.D.), Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Cynthia J Brown
- Department of Internal Medicine(C.J.B.), Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Marie A Bakitas
- Center for Palliative and Supportive Care, Division of Gerontology, Geriatrics, and Palliative Care, Department of Medicine (A.S.I., R.D.W., J.N.D., J.C., M.A.B.), University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; School of Nursing (A.S.I., R.D.W., J.N.D., J.C., M.A.B.), University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
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Ejem D, Stockdill M, Edwards R, Dionne-Odom JN, Taylor R, Baehr W, Nabors LB, Bakitas M, Warren P. “It's Not Just the Seizures”: Brain Tumor Caregivers’ Experiences and Educational Needs in Out-of-Hospital Seizure Management. J Palliat Care 2023:8258597231165898. [PMID: 36972511 DOI: 10.1177/08258597231165898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Objective: Family caregivers (FCGs) of persons with primary brain tumors (PBTs) report high levels of distress related to concerns about out-of-hospital seizures. This study aims to explore their experiences and needs with seizure management. Methods: Semi-structured interviews were held with 15 FCGs of persons with PBTs, both those who have and those who have not experienced a seizure, to elicit their concerns about out-of-hospital seizure management and related information needs. A qualitative descriptive study using thematic analysis was conducted based on interview data. Results: Three primary themes were identified relative to FCG experiences and needs related to care of PBTs patients, especially seizure management: (1) FCGs’ experiences with caring for persons with PBTs; (2) FCGs’ educational needs for seizure preparation and resources; and (3) FCGs’ desired type of educational resources and information about seizures. Often FCGs were reported being fearful of seizures and nearly all expressed difficulty knowing when to call emergency services. FCGs equally desired written and online resources, and most preferred graphics or videos detailing seizures. Most FCGs thought that seizure-related training should come after rather than at the time of PBTs diagnosis. FCGs of patients who have not experienced seizures were significantly less prepared to manage seizures than those with a prior seizure. Conclusions: Recognizing and managing out-of-hospital seizures can be a difficult and distressing task for FCGs of patients with PBTs and seizure-related resources are needed. Our results suggest that FCGs of care recipients with PBTs need early supportive interventions to provide self-care strategies and problem-solving skills to manage their roles as caregivers. Interventions should include educational components to assist them in understanding the best mechanisms to maintain a safe environment for their care recipients, and those that deepen knowledge about when to contact EMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Ejem
- School of Nursing, 9968University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Macy Stockdill
- School of Nursing, 9968University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Rebecca Edwards
- School of Nursing, 9968University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | | | - Richard Taylor
- School of Nursing, 9968University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Walter Baehr
- Division of Geriatrics, Gerontology, and Palliative Care, School of Medicine, The University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - L Burt Nabors
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, The University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Marie Bakitas
- School of Nursing, 9968University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Paula Warren
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, The University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL, USA
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Colebank MJ, Taylor R, Hacker TA, Chesler N. Biventricular interaction during acute left ventricular ischemia in mice: a combined in-vivo and in-silico approach. bioRxiv 2023:2023.01.26.525736. [PMID: 36747704 PMCID: PMC9900958 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.26.525736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Computational models provide an efficient paradigm for integrating and linking multiple spatial and temporal scales. However, these models are difficult to parameterize and match to experimental data. Recent advances in both data collection and model analyses have helped overcome this limitation. Here, we combine a multiscale, biventricular interaction model with mouse data before and after left ventricular (LV) ischemia. Sensitivity analyses are used to identify the most influential parameters on pressure and volume predictions. The subset of influential model parameters are calibrated to biventricular pressure-volume loop data (n=3) at baseline. Each mouse underwent left anterior descending coronary artery ligation, during which changes in fractional shortening and RV pressure-volume dynamics were recorded. Using the calibrated model, we simulate acute LV ischemia and contrast outputs at baseline and in simulated ischemia. Our baseline simulations align with the LV and RV data, and our predictions during ischemia complement recorded RV data and prior studies on LV function during myocardial infarction. We show that a model with both biventricular mechanical interaction and systems level cardiovascular dynamics can quantitatively reproduce in-vivo data and qualitatively match prior findings from animal studies on LV ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. J. Colebank
- Edwards Lifesciences Foundation Cardiovascular Innovation and Research Center, and Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - R. Taylor
- Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - T. A. Hacker
- Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - N.C. Chesler
- Edwards Lifesciences Foundation Cardiovascular Innovation and Research Center, and Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
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15
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Lopez Bray C, Taylor R, Tamez N, Durkalski W, Litaker JR. Hepatitis C Virus Screening among Baby Boomers: The Positive Benefits of Health Education and Outreach during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:healthcare11030302. [PMID: 36766877 PMCID: PMC9914406 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11030302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
In 2019, 2020, and 2021, Sendero Health Plans, an ACA health insurance company, implemented Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) health education and outreach screening campaigns. Chi-square goodness-of-fit and tests of independence were performed to assess and compare the uptake of HCV screening among baby boomers in 2019, 2020, and 2021. In 2019, 2020, and 2021, 17.9% (308/1,718), 10.9% (93/852), and 8.5% (37/435) of eligible members were screened, respectively. Individuals were more likely to be screened for HCV in 2019 than in 2020 and 2021 (p < 0.0001). In 2019, 2020, and 2021, 39.9%, 26.9%, and 48.6% of annual screenings occurred during the health campaign months, respectively. Annual HCV screening rates were lower during the COVID-19 pandemic period than in the pre-pandemic cohort. However, screening rates during the months of outreach and education contributed to nearly 50% of annual screenings in the pandemic year 2021, thus representing a positive impact on preventive screening uptake despite the pandemic. Missed screening opportunities affect HCV transmission, diagnosis, and treatment. Yet, health education and outreach continue to work, even during a pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Lopez Bray
- Office of Population Health, Sendero Health Plans, Inc., Austin, TX 78741, USA
| | - Richard Taylor
- Undergraduate Public Health Program, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Naomi Tamez
- Office of Population Health, Sendero Health Plans, Inc., Austin, TX 78741, USA
| | - Wesley Durkalski
- Former Chief Executive Officer, Sendero Health Plans, Inc., Austin, TX 78741, USA
| | - John R. Litaker
- Office of Population Health and Science, The Litaker Group, LLC, Austin, TX 78716, USA
- Correspondence:
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Anwar J, Torvaldsen S, Morrell S, Taylor R. Maternal Mortality in a Rural District of Pakistan and Contributing Factors. Matern Child Health J 2023; 27:902-915. [PMID: 36609798 DOI: 10.1007/s10995-022-03570-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pakistan is among the ten countries that account for 60% of global maternal mortality. Lack of accurate data on maternal mortality and a complex interrelation of access and quality of healthcare services, healthcare delivery system, and socio-economic and demographic factors contribute significantly to inadequate progress in reducing maternal mortality. MATERIAL AND METHODS A population-based prospective cohort study was conducted in a rural district of Pakistan using data obtained from an enhanced surveillance system. A total of 7572 pregnancies and their outcomes were recorded by 273 Lady Health Workers and 73 Community Health Workers over 2016-2017. Logistic regression was used to calculate the unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios (OR) for maternal mortality for each risk factor. Population Attributable Fraction (PAF) was derived from the ORs and risk factor prevalence. RESULTS The study recorded 18 maternal deaths. The maternal mortality rate was estimated at 238/100,000 pregnancies (95% CI 141-376), and the maternal mortality ratio was 247/100,000 live births (95% CI 147-391). Half of the maternal deaths (9) were from obstetric hemorrhage, and 28% (5) from puerperal sepsis. Postpartum hemorrhage was associated with a 17-fold higher risk of maternal mortality (PAF = 40%) and puerperal sepsis with a 12-fold higher mortality risk (PAF = 29%) compared to women without these conditions. Women delivered by unskilled birth attendants had a three-fold (PAF = 21%), and women having prolonged labour had a fourfold risk of maternal mortality compared to those with these conditions. Women with leg swelling (47%) and pre-eclampsia (26%) are at seven times the risk of maternal mortality compared to those without these conditions. Mortality in women delivered by unskilled birth attendants was three times higher than with skilled attendants. CONCLUSION The study, among a few large-scale prospective cohort studies conducted at the community level in a rural district of Pakistan, provides a better understanding of the risk factors determining maternal mortality in Pakistan. Poverty emerged as a significant risk factor for maternal mortality in the study area and contributes to the underutilization of health facilities and skilled birth attendants. Incorporating poverty reduction strategies across all sectors, including health, is urgently required to address higher maternal mortality in Pakistan. A paradigm shift is required in Maternal and Child health related programs and interventions to include poverty estimation and measuring mortality through linking mortality surveillance with the Civil Registration and Vital Statistics system. Accelerated efforts to expand the coverage and completeness of mortality data with risk factors to address inequalities in access and utilization of health services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasim Anwar
- Department of Community Medicine, Women Medical and Dental College, Abbottabad, Pakistan.
- School of Population Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
| | - Siranda Torvaldsen
- School of Population Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- The University of Sydney Northern Clinical School, Women and Babies Research, St Leonards, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Richard Taylor
- School of Population Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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Badurdeen Z, Ratnatunga N, Abeysekera T, Wazil AWM, Rajakrishna PN, Thinnarachchi JP, Welagedera DD, Ratnayake N, Alwis APD, Abeysundara H, Kumarasiri R, Taylor R, Nanayakkara N. Randomized control trial of prednisolone and doxycycline in patients with acute interstitial nephritis of unknown aetiology. Trials 2023; 24:11. [PMID: 36600250 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-022-07056-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients presenting with acute interstitial nephritis (AIN) of unknown aetiology, probably the earliest presentation of chronic kidney disease of unknown aetiology (CKDu), have been treated with oral prednisolone and doxycycline by physicians in Sri Lanka. This trial assessed the effectiveness of prednisolone and doxycycline based on eGFR changes at 6 months in patients with AIN of unknown aetiology. METHOD A randomized clinical trial with a 2 × 2 factorial design for patients presenting with AIN of unknown aetiology (n = 59) was enacted to compare treatments with; A-prednisolone, B-doxycycline, C-both treatments together, and D-neither. The primary outcome was a recovery of patients' presenting renal function to eGFR categories: 61-90 ml/min/1.73m2 (complete remission- CR) to 31-60 ml/min/1.73m2 (partial remission- PR) and 0-30 ml/min/1.73m2 no remission (NR) by 6 months. A secondary outcome was progression-free survival (not reaching < 30 ml/min/1.73m2 eGFR), by 6-36 months. Analysis was by intention to treat. RESULTS Seventy patients compatible with a clinical diagnosis of AIN were biopsied for eligibility; 59 AIN of unknown aetiology were enrolled, A = 15, B = 15, C = 14 and D = 15 randomly allocated to each group. Baseline characteristics were similar between groups. The number of patients with CR, PR and NR, respectively, by 6 months, in group A 3:8:2, group B 2:8:3 and group C 8:5:0 was compared with group D 8:6:1. There were no significant differences found between groups A vs. D (p = 0.2), B vs. D (p = 0.1) and C vs. D (p = 0.4). In an exploratory analysis, progression-free survival in prednisolone-treated (A + C) arms was 0/29 (100%) in comparison to 25/30 (83%) in those not so treated (B + D) arms, and the log-rank test was p = 0.02, whereas no such difference found (p = 0.60) between doxycycline-treated (B + C) arms 27/29 (93%) vs those not so treated (A + D) arms 27/30 (90%). CONCLUSION Prednisolone and doxycycline were not beneficial for the earliest presentation of CKDu at 6 months. However, there is a potential benefit of prednisolone on the long-term outcome of CKDu. An adequately powered steroid trial using patients reaching < 30 ml/min/1.73m2 eGFR by 3 years, as an outcome is warranted for AIN of unknown aetiology. TRIAL REGISTRATION Sri Lanka Clinical Trial Registry SLCTR/2014/007, Registered on the 31st of March 2014.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeid Badurdeen
- Centre for Education Research and Training On Kidney Diseases (CERTKiD), Faculty of Medicine, University of Peradeniya, Kandy, Sri Lanka.
| | - Neelakanthi Ratnatunga
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Peradeniya, Kandy, Sri Lanka
| | - Tilak Abeysekera
- Renal Transplant and Dialysis Unit, Teaching Hospital, Kandy, Sri Lanka
| | - Abdul W M Wazil
- Renal Transplant and Dialysis Unit, Teaching Hospital, Kandy, Sri Lanka
| | | | | | | | - Nadeeka Ratnayake
- Renal Transplant and Dialysis Unit, Teaching Hospital, Kandy, Sri Lanka
| | | | - Hemalika Abeysundara
- Department of Statistics and Computer Science, Faculty of Science, University of Peradeniya, Kandy, Sri Lanka
| | - Ranjith Kumarasiri
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Peradeniya, Kandy, Sri Lanka
| | - Richard Taylor
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine (SPHCM), Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Kensington, Australia
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Nikolaou N, Gordon PM, Hamid F, Taylor R, Lloyd-Jones J, Makeyev EV, Houart C. Cytoplasmic pool of U1 spliceosome protein SNRNP70 shapes the axonal transcriptome and regulates motor connectivity. Curr Biol 2022; 32:5099-5115.e8. [PMID: 36384140 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2022.10.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Regulation of pre-mRNA splicing and polyadenylation plays a profound role in neurons by diversifying the proteome and modulating gene expression in response to physiological cues. Although most of the pre-mRNA processing is thought to occur in the nucleus, numerous splicing regulators are also found in neurites. Here, we show that U1-70K/SNRNP70, a component of the major spliceosome, localizes in RNA-associated granules in zebrafish axons. We identify the extra-nuclear SNRNP70 as an important regulator of motor axonal growth, nerve-dependent acetylcholine receptor (AChR) clustering, and neuromuscular synaptogenesis. This cytoplasmic pool has a protective role for a limited number of transcripts regulating their abundance and trafficking inside axons. Moreover, non-nuclear SNRNP70 regulates splice variants of transcripts such as agrin, thereby controlling synapse formation. Our results point to an unexpected, yet essential, function of non-nuclear SNRNP70 in axonal development, indicating a role of spliceosome proteins in cytoplasmic RNA metabolism during neuronal connectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolas Nikolaou
- Centre for Developmental Neurobiology MRC CNDD, IoPPN, Guy's Campus, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, UK; Department of Life Sciences, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK.
| | - Patricia M Gordon
- Centre for Developmental Neurobiology MRC CNDD, IoPPN, Guy's Campus, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Fursham Hamid
- Centre for Developmental Neurobiology MRC CNDD, IoPPN, Guy's Campus, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Richard Taylor
- Centre for Developmental Neurobiology MRC CNDD, IoPPN, Guy's Campus, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, UK
| | | | - Eugene V Makeyev
- Centre for Developmental Neurobiology MRC CNDD, IoPPN, Guy's Campus, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Corinne Houart
- Centre for Developmental Neurobiology MRC CNDD, IoPPN, Guy's Campus, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, UK.
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Douglas J, Douglas J, Walker E, Lightfoot E, Walshaw E, Taylor R, Carter L, Parmar J. 39. Correct Orbital Volume; a 3 part study assessing the norm, correction after reconstruction and implications on symptoms. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2022.11.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Walshaw EG, Walshaw EG, Taylor R, Parmar J, Carter LM. 192. The elephant in the room: post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in the Maxillofacial trauma clinic - a narrative review. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2022.11.267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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21
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Taylor R, Taylor R, Walshaw E, Carter LM, Parmar J. 193. Timing of Orbital Floor Repairs within Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust - A retrospective audit. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2022.11.268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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22
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Huguet H, Huguet H, Taylor R. 149. Dental Core Training: What can we learn from “IST”? Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2022.11.223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Salawu A, Genta S, Spiliopoulou P, Yee N, M. Ye, Ly L, Taylor R, Vornicova O, Abdul Razak A, Bedard P, Wang L, Siu L, Coburn B, Spreafico A. 34TiP Prospective analysis of intestinal microbiome and autoimmune panels as predictors of toxicity in immunoncology patients (INSPECT-IO Study). Immuno-Oncology and Technology 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.iotech.2022.100139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Walshaw EG, Taylor R, Anderson J, Sexton P, Parmar JD, Carter LM. The psychological sequelae of maxillofacial trauma: a scoping review of the literature. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2022; 60:1303-1320. [PMID: 36446645 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2022.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Managing the physical sequelae of facial trauma is routine for the maxillofacial surgeon. However, managing the psychological consequences is more challenging. The often violent mechanism of injury, changes in appearance, altered self-perception, and self-confidence can significantly impact daily life. This review summarises the literature regarding post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and facial trauma, highlighting evidence to guide clinical practice. PubMed and MEDLINE were searched for relevant keywords and MeSH headings. Articles between 2000-2022 were independently reviewed by two authors. Articles were excluded if the full text was not available in English, did not relate to facial trauma, or was not related to PTSD/psychological sequelae. A total of 211 articles were retrieved. The most common reasons for exclusion were papers not reporting psychological outcomes (n = 68) or not relating to facial trauma (n = 35). Articles were sub-categorised to enable evaluation of key themes. Categories included children and adolescents, cross sectional, longitudinal studies, and interventional studies. Whilst there were potential confounders such as socioeconomic factors, overall, patients who had experienced facial trauma (regardless of the mechanism of injury) had an increased risk of PTSD and anxiety/depression. PTSD following facial injury is increasingly recognised as an important issue. A robust evidence base is desirable to inform clinical practice and provide holistic care to often vulnerable patients. Identifying those at increased risk of negative psychological sequelae is essential. We have appraised the literature relevant to OMFS trauma clinicians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma G Walshaw
- University of Leeds, Worsley Building, University of Leeds, Woodhouse, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom.
| | - Richard Taylor
- University of Leeds, Worsley Building, University of Leeds, Woodhouse, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom.
| | - Jane Anderson
- University of Huddersfield, Queensgate, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, United Kingdom.
| | - Paul Sexton
- Leeds Teaching Hospitals Trust, Leeds General Infirmary, Great George Street, Leeds LS1 3EX, United Kingdom.
| | - Jiten D Parmar
- Leeds Teaching Hospitals Trust, Leeds General Infirmary, Great George Street, Leeds LS1 3EX, United Kingdom.
| | - Lachlan M Carter
- Leeds Teaching Hospitals Trust, Leeds General Infirmary, Great George Street, Leeds LS1 3EX, United Kingdom.
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Adepoyibi T, Dixon H, Gidding H, Taylor R, Morley B. Trends and determinants of active school travel among Australian secondary school students: national cross-sectional data from 2009 to 2018. Aust N Z J Public Health 2022; 46:800-806. [PMID: 36259752 DOI: 10.1111/1753-6405.13315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine active school travel trends and predictors among Australian secondary school students (aged 12-17) between 2009 and 2018. METHODS Three cross-sectional surveys (2009-10: N=13,790; 2012-13: N=10,309; and 2018: N=9,102) using a web-based self-report questionnaire. Logistic regression was used to identify differences in active travel (to and/or from school every weekday) between survey years and predictors. RESULTS From 2009-10 to 2012-13 to 2018, active travel decreased from 33.6% to 32.3% to 29.5% among females, and from 37.4% to 36.6% to 32.6% among males. Distance, female sex and regional location were associated with a lower likelihood of active travel. Students with pocket money, those who spoke a language other than English at home, and Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander students were more likely to actively travel. CONCLUSIONS Between 2009-10 and 2018, active school travel among secondary students in Australia declined. Several factors were found to be associated with active travel. IMPLICATIONS FOR PUBLIC HEALTH This is the first national study on active travel trends among secondary students in Australia. The recent decline requires action given the increasing prevalence of overweight and climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Helen Dixon
- Centre for Behavioural Research in Cancer, Cancer Council Victoria, Victoria.,Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Victoria.,Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University, Western Australia
| | - Heather Gidding
- The University of Sydney Northern Clinical School, New South Wales.,Women and Babies Research, Kolling Institute, Northern Sydney Local Health District, New South Wales.,School of Population Health, UNSW Medicine, University of New South Wales, New South Wales.,National Centre for Immunisation Research and Surveillance of Vaccine Preventable Diseases, New South Wales
| | - Richard Taylor
- Medicine & Health, School of Population Health, University of New South Wales, New South Wales
| | - Belinda Morley
- Centre for Behavioural Research in Cancer, Cancer Council Victoria, Victoria.,Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Victoria
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Haimovich A, Lopez K, Forman H, Kline J, Venkatesh A, Taylor R. 56EMF Augmenting D-dimer Testing for Pulmonary Embolism Rule-out in the Emergency Department With Artificial Intelligence. Ann Emerg Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2022.08.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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Porosnicu M, O’Brien Cox A, Waltonen JD, Bunch PM, D’Agostino R, Lycan TW, Taylor R, Williams DW, Chen X, Shukla K, Kouri BE, Walker T, Kucera G, Patwa HS, Sullivan CA, Browne JD, Furdui CM. Early [18]FDG PET/CT scan predicts tumor response in head and neck squamous cell cancer patients treated with erlotinib adjusted per smoking status. Front Oncol 2022; 12:939118. [PMID: 36110959 PMCID: PMC9468744 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.939118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Translational Relevance Evaluation of targeted therapies is urgently needed for the majority of patients with metastatic/recurrent head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) who progress after immunochemotherapy. Erlotinib, a targeted inhibitor of epidermal growth factor receptor pathway, lacks FDA approval in HNSCC due to inadequate tumor response. This study identifies two potential avenues to improve tumor response to erlotinib among patients with HNSCC. For the first time, this study shows that an increased erlotinib dose of 300 mg in smokers is well-tolerated and produces similar plasma drug concentration as the regular dose of 150 mg in non-smokers, with increased study-specific defined tumor response. The study also highlights the opportunity for improved patient selection for erlotinib treatment by demonstrating that early in-treatment [18]FDG PET/CT is a potential predictor of tumor response, with robust statistical correlations between metabolic changes on early in-treatment PET (4-7 days through treatment) and anatomic response measured by end-of-treatment CT. Purpose Patients with advanced HNSCC failing immunochemotherapy have no standard treatment options. Accelerating the investigation of targeted drug therapies is imperative. Treatment with erlotinib produced low response rates in HNSCC. This study investigates the possibility of improved treatment response through patient smoking status-based erlotinib dose optimization, and through early in-treatment [18]FDG PET evaluation to differentiate responders from non-responders. Experimental design In this window-of-opportunity study, patients with operable HNSCC received neoadjuvant erlotinib with dose determined by smoking status: 150 mg (E150) for non-smokers and 300 mg (E300) for active smokers. Plasma erlotinib levels were measured using mass spectrometry. Patients underwent PET/CT before treatment, between days 4-7 of treatment, and before surgery (post-treatment). Response was measured by diagnostic CT and was defined as decrease in maximum tumor diameter by ≥ 20% (responders), 10-19% (minimum-responders), and < 10% (non-responders). Results Nineteen patients completed treatment, ten of whom were smokers. There were eleven responders, five minimum-responders, and three non-responders. Tumor response and plasma erlotinib levels were similar between the E150 and E300 patient groups. The percentage change on early PET/CT and post-treatment PET/CT compared to pre-treatment PET/CT were significantly correlated with the radiologic response on post-treatment CTs: R=0.63, p=0.0041 and R=0.71, p=0.00094, respectively. Conclusion This pilot study suggests that early in-treatment PET/CT can predict response to erlotinib, and treatment with erlotinib dose adjusted according to smoking status is well-tolerated and may improve treatment response in HNSCC. These findings could help optimize erlotinib treatment in HNSCC and should be further investigated. Clinical Trial Registration https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00601913, identifier NCT00601913.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mercedes Porosnicu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Hematology and Oncology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
- Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist Comprehensive Cancer Center, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
- *Correspondence: Mercedes Porosnicu, ; Cristina M. Furdui,
| | - Anderson O’Brien Cox
- Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist Comprehensive Cancer Center, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Joshua D. Waltonen
- Department of Otolaryngology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Paul M. Bunch
- Department of Radiology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Ralph D’Agostino
- Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist Comprehensive Cancer Center, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Thomas W. Lycan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Hematology and Oncology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
- Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist Comprehensive Cancer Center, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Richard Taylor
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Hematology and Oncology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Dan W. Williams
- Department of Radiology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Xiaofei Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Kirtikar Shukla
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Brian E. Kouri
- Department of Radiology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Tiffany Walker
- Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist Comprehensive Cancer Center, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Gregory Kucera
- Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist Comprehensive Cancer Center, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Hafiz S. Patwa
- Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist Comprehensive Cancer Center, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
- Department of Otolaryngology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Christopher A. Sullivan
- Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist Comprehensive Cancer Center, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
- Department of Otolaryngology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - J. Dale Browne
- Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist Comprehensive Cancer Center, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
- Department of Otolaryngology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Cristina M. Furdui
- Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist Comprehensive Cancer Center, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
- *Correspondence: Mercedes Porosnicu, ; Cristina M. Furdui,
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Morrow A, Gray SR, Bayes HK, Sykes R, McGarry E, Anderson D, Boiskin D, Burke C, Cleland JGF, Goodyear C, Ibbotson T, Lang CC, McConnachie, Mair F, Mangion K, Patel M, Sattar N, Taggart D, Taylor R, Dawkes S, Berry C. Prevention and early treatment of the long-term physical effects of COVID-19 in adults: design of a randomised controlled trial of resistance exercise-CISCO-21. Trials 2022; 23:660. [PMID: 35971155 PMCID: PMC9376905 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-022-06632-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) infection causes persistent health problems such as breathlessness, chest pain and fatigue, and therapies for the prevention and early treatment of post-COVID-19 syndromes are needed. Accordingly, we are investigating the effect of a resistance exercise intervention on exercise capacity and health status following COVID-19 infection. Methods A two-arm randomised, controlled clinical trial including 220 adults with a diagnosis of COVID-19 in the preceding 6 months. Participants will be classified according to clinical presentation: Group A, not hospitalised due to COVID but persisting symptoms for at least 4 weeks leading to medical review; Group B, discharged after an admission for COVID and with persistent symptoms for at least 4 weeks; or Group C, convalescing in hospital after an admission for COVID. Participants will be randomised to usual care or usual care plus a personalised and pragmatic resistance exercise intervention for 12 weeks. The primary outcome is the incremental shuttle walks test (ISWT) 3 months after randomisation with secondary outcomes including spirometry, grip strength, short performance physical battery (SPPB), frailty status, contacts with healthcare professionals, hospitalisation and questionnaires assessing health-related quality of life, physical activity, fatigue and dyspnoea. Discussion Ethical approval has been granted by the National Health Service (NHS) West of Scotland Research Ethics Committee (REC) (reference: GN20CA537) and recruitment is ongoing. Trial findings will be disseminated through patient and public forums, scientific conferences and journals. Trial registration ClinicialTrials.gov NCT04900961. Prospectively registered on 25 May 2021 Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13063-022-06632-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Morrow
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Stuart R Gray
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - H K Bayes
- Glasgow Royal Infirmary, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - R Sykes
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - E McGarry
- Glasgow Royal Infirmary, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - D Anderson
- Glasgow Royal Infirmary, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - D Boiskin
- Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - C Burke
- Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - J G F Cleland
- Robertson Centre for Biostatistics, Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - C Goodyear
- Institute of Inflammation, Infection and Immunity, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - T Ibbotson
- General Practice and Primary Care, Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - C C Lang
- School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - McConnachie
- Robertson Centre for Biostatistics, Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - F Mair
- General Practice and Primary Care, Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - K Mangion
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - M Patel
- University Hospital Wishaw, NHS Lanarkshire, Wishaw, UK
| | - N Sattar
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - D Taggart
- NHS Project Management Unit, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - R Taylor
- General Practice and Primary Care, Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - S Dawkes
- School for Nursing Midwifery and Paramedic Practice, Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen, UK
| | - C Berry
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
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Taylor R, Hampsey E, Mészáros M, Skirrow C, Strawbridge R, Chok L, Aarsland D, Al-Chalabi A, Chaudhuri K, Weston J, Fristed E, Young A, Awogbemila O. Clinical Feasibility of Speech Phenotyping for Remote Assessment of Neurodegenerative and Psychiatric Disorders (RHAPSODY): a study protocol. Eur Psychiatry 2022. [PMCID: PMC9565207 DOI: 10.1192/j.eurpsy.2022.435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The diagnosis of neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders (NPDs) in primary care can suffer from inefficiencies resulting in misdiagnoses and delayed diagnosis, limiting effective treatment options. The development of speech and language-based profiling biomarkers could aid in achieving earlier motor diagnosis for PD for instance, or more accurate diagnosis of clinically similar or late presenting NPDs. Objectives RHAPSODY aims to investigate the feasibility of the remote administration of a battery of speech tasks in eliciting continuous narrative speech across a range of NPDs. The project also aims to determine the feasibility of using acoustic and linguistic biomarkers from speech data to support the clinical assessment and disambiguation of common NPDs Methods All participants (n=250) will take part in a single virtual telemedicine video conference with a researcher in which they are screened and complete a battery of speech tasks, in addition to cohort-specific screening measures. Over the following month, participants will be asked to complete a series of short, self-administered speech assessments via a smartphone application. Results The speech tasks will be audio-recorded and analysed on Novoic’s technology platform. Objectives will be analysed using measures including average length of speech elicitation for speech tasks, intra- and inter-subject variance, differences in linguistic patterns, and response rates to speech assessments. Conclusions The analyses could help to identify and validate speech-derived clinical biomarkers to support clinicians in detecting and disambiguating between NPDs with heterogeneous presentations. This should further support earlier intervention, improved treatment options and improved quality of life. Disclosure In terms of significant financial interest and relationships, it is emphasised that the private organisation Novoic, who aim to develop speech algorithms for diagnostic use, is the study’s sponsor and employees or former employees of this company comprise
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Taylor R, Revankar S, Sultenfuss M, Rachakonda V. Abstract No. 218 Cholecystostomy outcomes at a tertiary care center. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2022.03.299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Zegard A, Okafor O, Foley P, Umar F, Taylor R, Marshall H, Stegemann B, Moody W, Steeds R, Halliday B, Hammersley D, Jones R, Prasad S, Qiu T, Leyva F. Myocardial fibrosis predicts ventricular arrhythmias and sudden death after cardiac electronic device implantation. Europace 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/europace/euac053.384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: Private grant(s) and/or Sponsorship. Main funding source(s): Unrestricted educational grants
Background
Increasing evidence supports a link between myocardial fibrosis (MF) and ventricular arrhythmias. We sought to determine whether presence of MF on visual assessment (MFVA) and gray zone fibrosis (GZF) mass predicts SCD and ventricular fibrillation / sustained ventricular tachycardia after cardiac implantable electronic device (CIED) implantation.
Methods
In this prospective study, total fibrosis and GZF mass, quantified using cardiovascular magnetic resonance, was assessed in relation to the primary endpoint of sudden cardiac death (SCD) and the secondary, arrhythmic endpoint of SCD or ventricular arrhythmias after CIED implantation.
Results
Among 700 patients (age 68.0 ± 12.0yrs [mean ± SD]), 27 (3.85%) experienced a SCD and 121 (17.3%) met the arrhythmic endpoint over 6.93 yrs (median; interquartile range 5.82-9.32). MFVA predicted SCD (hazard ratio [HR]: HR:26.3 [95% confidence interval [CI] 3.70-3337]; negative predictive value: 100%). In competing risks analyses, MFVA also predicted the arrhythmic endpoint (subdistribution [sHR]: 19.9 [95% CI 6.40-61.9]; negative predictive value:98.6%). Compared with no MFVA, a GZF mass measured with the 5SD method (GZF5SD) > 17 g was associated with highest risk of SCD (HR: 44.6;95% CI 6.12-5685) and the arrhythmic endpoint (sHR: 30.3 [95% CI 9.60-95.8]). Adding GZF5SD mass to MFVA led to reclassification of 39% for SCD and 50.2% for the arrhythmic endpoint. In contrast, LVEF did not predict either endpoint.
Conclusions
In CIED recipients, MFVA excluded patients at risk of SCD and virtually excluded ventricular arrhythmias. Quantified GZF5SD mass added predictive value in relation to SCD and the arrhythmic endpoint.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Zegard
- Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - O Okafor
- Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - P Foley
- The Great Western Hospital, Swindon, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - F Umar
- Ottawa Cardiovascular Centre, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Canada
| | - R Taylor
- Worcestershire Acute Hospitals NHS trust, Alexandra Hospital, Worcestershire, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - H Marshall
- Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - B Stegemann
- Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - W Moody
- Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - R Steeds
- Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - B Halliday
- Royal Brompton Hospital and National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - D Hammersley
- Royal Brompton Hospital and National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - R Jones
- Royal Brompton Hospital and National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - S Prasad
- Royal Brompton Hospital and National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - T Qiu
- Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - F Leyva
- Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
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Cohen J, Dontu P, Hatten K, Mehra R, Wolf J, Taylor R, Papadimitriou J, Witek M. Pathologic Comparison of Locally Advanced p16-Negative and p16-Positive Larynx Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2021.12.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Gonzales-Hess N, Taylor R, Sereno M. Phenomenological Assessment of Dynamic Fractals. J Vis 2022. [PMID: 35120221 DOI: 10.1167/jov.22.3.39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Fractal geometry can be used to describe structures once considered too irregular to be described mathematically. As such, fractals can approximate the visual properties of elements found in the natural world like plants, terrain, and clouds. Previous work has demonstrated that human subjects show aesthetic preference for static fractal patterns of low-to-moderate fractal dimension (fD), analogous to the level of complexity in a natural scene viewed at a distance. But natural scenes are dynamic; animated by features like water and wind. While the aesthetic judgement of static fractals has been studied extensively, there has been little research on the perception of dynamic fractals. Here, we have developed novel dynamic fractal stimuli, to test whether dynamic fractals induce different phenomenological assessments than do static fractals of similar fD. Further, we analyze how animation speed may influence these assessments. Participants were asked to rate dynamic and static stimuli on a continuous scale between 0-1 across 5 judgement categories: complexity, relaxingness, naturalness, appealingness, and interestingness. We find that ratings for all categories besides complexity tended to decrease with increasing fD. Further, within these categories we find that dynamic stimuli tended to receive higher ratings at low fD, while static stimuli received higher ratings at high fD, indicating that dynamism increases the degree of perceived complexity in fractal patterns.
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Walker ET, Lightfoot E, Walshaw EG, Taylor R, Douglas J, Carter LM, Parmar JD. Quantitative assessment of bony orbital volume symmetry: CT analysis in the uninjured Caucasian population. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2022; 60:945-950. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2022.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Dionne-Odom JN, Wells RD, Guastaferro K, Azuero A, Hendricks BA, Currie ER, Bechthold A, Dosse C, Taylor R, Reed RD, Harrell ER, Gazaway S, Engler S, McKie P, Williams GR, Sudore R, Rini C, Rosenberg AR, Bakitas MA. An Early Palliative Care Telehealth Coaching Intervention to Enhance Advanced Cancer Family Caregivers' Decision Support Skills: The CASCADE Pilot Factorial Trial. J Pain Symptom Manage 2022; 63:11-22. [PMID: 34343621 PMCID: PMC8881798 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2021.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Patients with advanced cancer often involve family caregivers in health-related decision-making from diagnosis to end-of-life; however, few interventions have been developed to enhance caregiver decision support skills. OBJECTIVES Assess the feasibility, acceptability, and potential efficacy of individual intervention components of CASCADE (CAre Supporters Coached to be Adept DEcision Partners), an early telehealth, palliative care coach-led decision support training intervention for caregivers. METHODS Pilot factorial trial using the multiphase optimization strategy (October 2019-October 2020). Family caregivers and their care recipients with newly-diagnosed advanced cancer (n = 46 dyads) were randomized to1 of 8 experimental conditions that included a combination of one of the following three CASCADE components: 1) effective decision support psychoeducation; 2) decision support communication training; and 3) Ottawa Decision Guide training. Feasibility was assessed by completion of sessions and questionnaires (predefined as ≥80%). Acceptability was determined through postintervention interviews and participants' ratings of their likelihood to recommend. Measures of effective decision support and caregiver and patient distress were collected at Twelve and Twenty four weeks. RESULTS Caregiver participants completed 78% of intervention sessions and 81% of questionnaires; patients completed 80% of questionnaires. Across conditions, average caregiver ratings for recommending the program to others was 9.9 on a scale from 1-Not at all likely to 10-Extremely likely. Individual CASCADE components were observed to have potential benefit for effective decision support and caregiver distress. CONCLUSION We successfully piloted a factorial trial design to examine components of a novel intervention to enhance the decision support skills of advanced cancer family caregivers. A fully-powered factorial trial is warranted. KEY MESSAGE We pilot tested components of CASCADE, an early palliative care decision support training intervention for family caregivers of patients with advanced cancer. CASCADE components were acceptable and the trial design feasible, providing promising future directions for palliative care intervention development and testing. Pilot results will inform a fully-powered trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Nicholas Dionne-Odom
- School of Nursing, University of Alabama at Birmingham (J.N.D.O., R.D.W., A.A., B.A.H., E.R.C., A.B., C.D., R.T., S.G., S.E., P.M., M.A.B.), Birmingham, Alabama, USA; Division of Gerontology, Geriatrics, and Palliative Care, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham (J.N.D.O., M.A.B.), Birmingham, Alabama, USA; Center for Palliative and Supportive Care, University of Alabama at Birmingham (J.N.D.O., M.A.B.), Birmingham, Alabama, USA.
| | - Rachel D Wells
- School of Nursing, University of Alabama at Birmingham (J.N.D.O., R.D.W., A.A., B.A.H., E.R.C., A.B., C.D., R.T., S.G., S.E., P.M., M.A.B.), Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Kate Guastaferro
- Methodology Center, Pennsylvania State University (K.G.), University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Andres Azuero
- School of Nursing, University of Alabama at Birmingham (J.N.D.O., R.D.W., A.A., B.A.H., E.R.C., A.B., C.D., R.T., S.G., S.E., P.M., M.A.B.), Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Bailey A Hendricks
- School of Nursing, University of Alabama at Birmingham (J.N.D.O., R.D.W., A.A., B.A.H., E.R.C., A.B., C.D., R.T., S.G., S.E., P.M., M.A.B.), Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Erin R Currie
- School of Nursing, University of Alabama at Birmingham (J.N.D.O., R.D.W., A.A., B.A.H., E.R.C., A.B., C.D., R.T., S.G., S.E., P.M., M.A.B.), Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Avery Bechthold
- School of Nursing, University of Alabama at Birmingham (J.N.D.O., R.D.W., A.A., B.A.H., E.R.C., A.B., C.D., R.T., S.G., S.E., P.M., M.A.B.), Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Chinara Dosse
- School of Nursing, University of Alabama at Birmingham (J.N.D.O., R.D.W., A.A., B.A.H., E.R.C., A.B., C.D., R.T., S.G., S.E., P.M., M.A.B.), Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Richard Taylor
- School of Nursing, University of Alabama at Birmingham (J.N.D.O., R.D.W., A.A., B.A.H., E.R.C., A.B., C.D., R.T., S.G., S.E., P.M., M.A.B.), Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Rhiannon D Reed
- Comprehensive Transplant Institute, University of Alabama at Birmingham (R.D.R.), Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Erin R Harrell
- Department of Psychology, University of Alabama (E.R.H.), Tuscaloosa, Alabama, USA
| | - Shena Gazaway
- School of Nursing, University of Alabama at Birmingham (J.N.D.O., R.D.W., A.A., B.A.H., E.R.C., A.B., C.D., R.T., S.G., S.E., P.M., M.A.B.), Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Sally Engler
- School of Nursing, University of Alabama at Birmingham (J.N.D.O., R.D.W., A.A., B.A.H., E.R.C., A.B., C.D., R.T., S.G., S.E., P.M., M.A.B.), Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Peg McKie
- School of Nursing, University of Alabama at Birmingham (J.N.D.O., R.D.W., A.A., B.A.H., E.R.C., A.B., C.D., R.T., S.G., S.E., P.M., M.A.B.), Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Grant R Williams
- School of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham (G.R.W.), Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Rebecca Sudore
- School of Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, University of California (R.S.), San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Christine Rini
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University (C.R.), Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Abby R Rosenberg
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Washington (A.R.R.), Seattle, Washington, USA; Palliative Care and Resilience Lab, Seattle Children's Research Institute (A.R.R.), Seattle, Washington, USA; Cambia Palliative Care Center of Excellence, University of Washington (A.R.R.), Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Marie A Bakitas
- School of Nursing, University of Alabama at Birmingham (J.N.D.O., R.D.W., A.A., B.A.H., E.R.C., A.B., C.D., R.T., S.G., S.E., P.M., M.A.B.), Birmingham, Alabama, USA; Division of Gerontology, Geriatrics, and Palliative Care, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham (J.N.D.O., M.A.B.), Birmingham, Alabama, USA; Center for Palliative and Supportive Care, University of Alabama at Birmingham (J.N.D.O., M.A.B.), Birmingham, Alabama, USA
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Abstract
Pediatric gastroenterologists took on a variety of challenges during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, including learning about a new disease and how to recognize and manage it, prevent its spread among their patients and health professions colleagues, and make decisions about managing patients with chronic gastrointestinal and liver problems in light of the threat. They adapted their practice to accommodate drastically decreased numbers of in-person visits, adopting telehealth technologies, and instituting new protocols to perform endoscopies safely. The workforce pipeline was also affected by the impact of the pandemic on trainee education, clinical experience, research, and job searches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Taylor
- Pediatric Residency Program, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 3333 Burnet Avenue, MLC 5018, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Daniel Mallon
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 3333 Burnet Avenue, MLC 2010, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA.
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Purton J, King L, Taylor R, Crooks E. Empowering people with Parkinson's disease: A student-led service users’ evaluation of a group exercise programme. Physiotherapy 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physio.2021.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Pett J, Mohamed F, Knight J, Linhart C, Osborne NJ, Taylor R. Two decades of chronic kidney disease of unknown aetiology (CKDu) research: Existing evidence and persistent gaps from epidemiological studies in Sri Lanka. Nephrology (Carlton) 2021; 27:238-247. [PMID: 34704321 PMCID: PMC9298898 DOI: 10.1111/nep.13989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic Kidney Disease of unknown origin (CKDu) excludes known primary renal conditions or systemic disease (such as diabetes mellitus or hypertension). Prominence of CKDu has been noted for some decades in Sri Lanka, especially among men in particular rural areas, prompting many studies directed towards environmental causation. This article critically reviews relevant primary studies. METHODS Articles for this literature review (n = 86) were found by searching Medline, Embase, Global Health and ProQuest databases over 2000-2020 utilizing a standard algorithm. Articles were critiqued according to criteria for diagnosis of CKDu, aetiological agents investigated, analytic methods employed and findings. RESULTS Criteria for diagnosis of CKDu varied significantly, including pre-selection by proteinuria, eGFR and biopsy proven interstitial nephritis. Prevalence studies have been largely conducted in the North Central Province, with recent studies demonstrating the presence of CKDu in other regions. Aetiological factors investigated in primary studies included water source, use of agrochemicals, agricultural work, heavy metals, snake bites, ayurvedic medication, heat stress, infectious diseases and usage of tobacco and betel leaf. There is no conclusive evidence for any one aetiological agent despite consistent evidence of distal factors such as male sex, rural residence and farming. CONCLUSIONS The current body of evidence for any aetiological agent as the cause of CKDu in Sri Lanka is limited. Further research with stronger study designs is necessary to increase knowledge of aetiology of CKDu in Sri Lanka to identify and eliminate exposure to possible causative agent(s) prior to concluding that the disease is multifactorial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Pett
- School of Population Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,The George Institute for Global Health, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Fahim Mohamed
- South Asian Clinical Toxicology Research Collaboration, Faculty of Medicine University of Peradeniya, Kandy, Sri Lanka.,Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka.,Australian Kidney Biomarker Reference Laboratory, Department of Nephrology, Prince of Wales Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine and Health, Discipline of Biomedical Informatics and Digital Health, Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology Research Group, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - John Knight
- School of Population Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,The George Institute for Global Health, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Christine Linhart
- School of Population Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Nicholas J Osborne
- School of Population Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,School of Public Health, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Richard Taylor
- School of Population Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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39
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Bradley P, Wilson J, Taylor R, Nixon J, Redfern J, Whittemore P, Gaddah M, Kavuri K, Haley A, Denny P, Withers C, Robey RC, Logue C, Dahanayake N, Min DSH, Coles J, Deshmukh MS, Ritchie S, Malik M, Abdelaal H, Sivabalah K, Hartshorne MD, Gopikrishna D, Ashish A, Nuttall E, Bentley A, Bongers T, Gatheral T, Felton TW, Chaudhuri N, Pearmain L. Conventional oxygen therapy versus CPAP as a ceiling of care in ward-based patients with COVID-19: a multi-centre cohort evaluation. EClinicalMedicine 2021; 40:101122. [PMID: 34514360 PMCID: PMC8424135 DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2021.101122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy is commonly used for respiratory failure due to severe COVID-19 pneumonitis, including in patients deemed not likely to benefit from invasive mechanical ventilation (nIMV). Little evidence exists demonstrating superiority over conventional oxygen therapy, whilst ward-level delivery of CPAP presents practical challenges. We sought to compare clinical outcomes of oxygen therapy versus CPAP therapy in patients with COVID-19 who were nIMV. METHODS This retrospective multi-centre cohort evaluation included patients diagnosed with COVID-19 who were nIMV, had a treatment escalation plan of ward-level care and clinical frailty scale ≤ 6. Recruitment occurred during the first two waves of the UK COVID-19 pandemic in 2020; from 1st March to May 31st, and from 1st September to 31st December. Patients given CPAP were compared to patients receiving oxygen therapy that required FiO2 ≥0.4 for more than 12 hours at hospitals not providing ward-level CPAP. Logistic regression modelling was performed to compare 30-day mortality between treatment groups, accounting for important confounders and within-hospital clustering. FINDINGS Seven hospitals provided data for 479 patients during the UK COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. Overall 30-day mortality was 75.6% in the oxygen group (186/246 patients) and 77.7% in the CPAP group (181/233 patients). A lack of evidence for a treatment effect persisted in the adjusted model (adjusted odds ratio 0.84 95% CI 0.57-1.23, p=0.37). 49.8% of patients receiving CPAP-therapy (118/237) chose to discontinue it. INTERPRETATION No survival difference was found between using oxygen alone or CPAP to treat patients with severe COVID-19 who were nIMV. A high patient-initiated discontinuation rate for CPAP suggests a significant treatment burden. Further reflection is warranted on the current treatment guidance and widespread application of CPAP in this setting. FUNDING L Pearmain is supported by the MRC (MR/R00191X/1). TW Felton is supported by the NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Bradley
- North West Lung Centre, Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
- Respiratory department, Blackpool Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Blackpool, UK
- NWCORR North West Collaborative Organisation for Respiratory Research
| | - J Wilson
- Respiratory department, Blackpool Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Blackpool, UK
- Department of infectious diseases and tropical medicine. North Manchester General Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - R Taylor
- Research and Development, Blackpool Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Blackpool, UK
| | - J Nixon
- Respiratory department, Royal Preston Hospital, Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston, UK
- NWCORR North West Collaborative Organisation for Respiratory Research
| | - J Redfern
- Respiratory department, Royal Preston Hospital, Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston, UK
| | - P Whittemore
- Department of infectious diseases and tropical medicine. North Manchester General Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - M Gaddah
- Respiratory department, University Hospitals of Morecambe Bay NHS Foundation Trust, Lancaster, UK
| | - K Kavuri
- Respiratory department, Royal Albert Edward Infirmary, Wrightington, Wigan and Leigh Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Wigan, UK
| | - A Haley
- Respiratory department, University Hospitals of Morecambe Bay NHS Foundation Trust, Lancaster, UK
| | - P Denny
- Respiratory department, University Hospitals of Morecambe Bay NHS Foundation Trust, Lancaster, UK
| | - C Withers
- North West Lung Centre, Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - RC Robey
- North West Lung Centre, Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - C Logue
- North West Lung Centre, Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - N Dahanayake
- Department of infectious diseases and tropical medicine. North Manchester General Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - D Siaw Hui Min
- Department of infectious diseases and tropical medicine. North Manchester General Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - J Coles
- Department of infectious diseases and tropical medicine. North Manchester General Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - M S Deshmukh
- Department of infectious diseases and tropical medicine. North Manchester General Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - S Ritchie
- Department of infectious diseases and tropical medicine. North Manchester General Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - M Malik
- Respiratory department, Blackpool Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Blackpool, UK
| | - H Abdelaal
- Respiratory department, Blackpool Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Blackpool, UK
| | - K Sivabalah
- Respiratory department, Blackpool Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Blackpool, UK
| | - MD Hartshorne
- Respiratory department, Royal Albert Edward Infirmary, Wrightington, Wigan and Leigh Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Wigan, UK
| | - D Gopikrishna
- Respiratory department, Royal Albert Edward Infirmary, Wrightington, Wigan and Leigh Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Wigan, UK
| | - A Ashish
- Respiratory department, Royal Albert Edward Infirmary, Wrightington, Wigan and Leigh Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Wigan, UK
| | - E Nuttall
- Respiratory department, Royal Preston Hospital, Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston, UK
| | - A Bentley
- North West Lung Centre, Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
- Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester and Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - T Bongers
- Respiratory department, Blackpool Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Blackpool, UK
| | - T Gatheral
- Respiratory department, University Hospitals of Morecambe Bay NHS Foundation Trust, Lancaster, UK
| | - TW Felton
- North West Lung Centre, Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
- Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester and Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - N Chaudhuri
- North West Lung Centre, Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
- Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester and Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - L Pearmain
- North West Lung Centre, Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
- NWCORR North West Collaborative Organisation for Respiratory Research
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Gastroenterology, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Corresponding author. L Pearmain. Piper Hanley Laboratory, Floor 3 AV Hill Building, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK, M13 9PT
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Sequist L, Peled N, Tufman A, Servidio L, Li J, Taylor R, Zhao J. P47.11 COMPEL: Chemotherapy With/Without Osimertinib in Patients With EGFRm Advanced NSCLC and Progression on First-Line Osimertinib. J Thorac Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2021.08.504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Clayton J, Scriba C, Romero N, Malfatti E, Saker S, Larmonier T, Nowak K, Ravenscroft G, Laing N, Taylor R. CONGENITAL MYOPATHIES – NEMALINE MYOPATHIES. Neuromuscul Disord 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2021.07.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Dofash L, Faiz F, Servián-Morilla E, Rivas E, Sullivan P, Oates E, Clayton J, Taylor R, Davis M, Laing N, Cabrera-Serrano M, Ravenscroft G. CONGENITAL MYOPATHIES – NEMALINE MYOPATHIES. Neuromuscul Disord 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2021.07.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Lee S, Lam SH, Hernandes Rocha TA, Fleischman RJ, Staton CA, Taylor R, Limkakeng AT. Machine Learning and Precision Medicine in Emergency Medicine: The Basics. Cureus 2021; 13:e17636. [PMID: 34646684 PMCID: PMC8485701 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.17636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
As machine learning (ML) and precision medicine become more readily available and used in practice, emergency physicians must understand the potential advantages and limitations of the technology. This narrative review focuses on the key components of machine learning, artificial intelligence, and precision medicine in emergency medicine (EM). Based on the content expertise, we identified articles from EM literature. The authors provided a narrative summary of each piece of literature. Next, the authors provided an introduction of the concepts of ML, artificial intelligence as an extension of ML, and precision medicine. This was followed by concrete examples of their applications in practice and research. Subsequently, we shared our thoughts on how to consume the existing research in these subjects and conduct high-quality research for academic emergency medicine. We foresee that the EM community will continue to adapt machine learning, artificial intelligence, and precision medicine in research and practice. We described several key components using our expertise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangil Lee
- Emergency Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, USA
| | - Samuel H Lam
- Emergency Medicine, Sutter Medical Center, Sacramento, USA
| | | | | | - Catherine A Staton
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, USA
| | - Richard Taylor
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, USA
| | - Alexander T Limkakeng
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, USA
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44
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Balaña C, del Barco Berrón S, Stradella A, Villanueva Vazquez R, Cuesta A, Torres J, Roma J, Taylor R, Escriba P, Llobet E, McNicholl A. 346MO Safety of idroxioleic acid in combination with standard of care (temozolomide and/or radiation therapy) in newly diagnosed glioblastoma patients: A phase Ib trial. Ann Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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45
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Van Kuijk K, Mccracken I, Tillie R, Schreur RW, Taylor R, Dobie R, Temmerman L, Ramachamdran P, Noels H, Owens G, Jin H, Wilson-Kanamori J, Mees B, Biessen E, Henderson N, Baker A, Sluimer J. Single cell sequencing reveals fibroblast heterogeneity in healthy and diseased vasculature. Atherosclerosis 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2021.06.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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46
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Thom G, Messow CM, Leslie WS, Barnes AC, Brosnahan N, McCombie L, Al-Mrabeh A, Zhyzhneuskaya S, Welsh P, Sattar N, Taylor R, Lean MEJ. Predictors of type 2 diabetes remission in the Diabetes Remission Clinical Trial (DiRECT). Diabet Med 2021; 38:e14395. [PMID: 32870520 DOI: 10.1111/dme.14395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
AIM To identify predictors of type 2 diabetes remission in the intervention arm of DiRECT (Diabetes Remission Clinical Trial). METHODS Participants were aged 20-65 years, with type 2 diabetes duration of <6 years and BMI 27-45 kg/m2 , and were not receiving insulin. Weight loss was initiated by total diet replacement (825-853 kcal/day, 3-5 months, shakes/soups), and weight loss maintenance support was provided for 2 years. Remissions (HbA1c <48 mmol/mol [<6.5%], without antidiabetes medications) in the intervention group (n = 149, mean age 53 years, BMI 35 kg/m2 ) were achieved by 68/149 participants (46%) at 12 months and by 53/149 participants (36%) at 24 months. Potential predictors were examined by logistic regression analyses, with adjustments for weight loss and effects independent of weight loss. RESULTS Baseline predictors of remission at 12 and 24 months included being prescribed fewer antidiabetes medications, having lower triglyceride and gamma-glutamyl transferase levels, and reporting better quality of life with less anxiety/depression. Lower baseline HbA1c was a predictor at 12 months, and older age and male sex were predictors at 24 months. Being prescribed antidepressants predicted non-remission. Some, but not all effects were explained by weight loss. Weight loss was the strongest predictor of remission at 12 months (adjusted odds ratio per kg weight loss 1.24, 95% CI 1.14, 1.34; P < 0.0001) and 24 months (adjusted odds ratio 1.23, 95% CI 1.13, 1.35; P <0.0001). Weight loss in kilograms and percentage weight loss were equally good predictors. Early weight loss and higher programme attendance predicted more remissions. Baseline BMI, fasting insulin, fasting C-peptide and diabetes duration did not predict remission. CONCLUSIONS Other than weight loss, most predictors were modest, and not sufficient to identify subgroups for which remission was not a worthwhile target.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Thom
- Human Nutrition, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - C-M Messow
- Robertson Centre for Biostatistics, Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - W S Leslie
- Human Nutrition, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - A C Barnes
- Human Nutrition Research Centre, Institute of Health and Society, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
| | - N Brosnahan
- Human Nutrition, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - L McCombie
- Human Nutrition, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - A Al-Mrabeh
- Newcastle Magnetic Resonance Centre, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
| | - S Zhyzhneuskaya
- Newcastle Magnetic Resonance Centre, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
| | - P Welsh
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Science, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - N Sattar
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Science, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - R Taylor
- Newcastle Magnetic Resonance Centre, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
| | - M E J Lean
- Human Nutrition, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
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47
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Cheng AC, Duda SN, Taylor R, Delacqua F, Lewis AA, Bosler T, Johnson KB, Harris PA. REDCap on FHIR: Clinical Data Interoperability Services. J Biomed Inform 2021; 121:103871. [PMID: 34298155 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbi.2021.103871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite widespread use of electronic data capture (EDC) systems for research and electronic health records (EHR), most transfer of data between EHR and EDC systems is manual and error prone. Increased adoption of Health Level Seven Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resource (FHIR) application programming interfaces (APIs) in recent years by EHR systems has increased the availability of patient data for external applications such as REDCap. OBJECTIVE Describe the development of the REDCap Clinical Data Interoperability Services (CDIS) module that provides seamless data exchange between the REDCap research EDC and any EHR system with a FHIR API. CDIS enables end users to independently set up their data collection projects, map EHR data to fields, and adjudicate data transfer without project-by-project involvement from Health Information Technology staff. METHODS We identified two use cases for EHR data transfer into REDCap. Clinical Data Pull (CDP) automatically pulls EHR data into user-defined REDCap fields and replaces the workflow of having to transcribe or copy and paste data from the EHR. Clinical Data Mart (CDM) collects all specified data for a patient over a given time period and replaces the process of importing EHR data for registries from research databases. With an iterative process, we designed our access control, authentication, variable selection, and mapping interfaces in such a way that end users could easily set up and use CDIS. RESULTS Since its release, the REDCap CDIS has been used to pull over 19.5 million data points for 82 projects at Vanderbilt University Medical Center. Software and documentation are available through the REDCap Consortium. CONCLUSIONS The new REDCap Clinical Data and Interoperability Services (CDIS) module leverages the FHIR standard to enable real-time and direct data extraction from the EHR. Researchers can self-service the mapping and adjudication of EHR data into REDCap. The uptake of CDIS at VUMC and other REDCap consortium sites is improving the accuracy and efficiency of EHR data collection by reducing the need for manual transcription and flat file uploads.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C Cheng
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 2525 West End Ave. Suite 1475, Nashville, TN 37203, USA.
| | - S N Duda
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 2525 West End Ave. Suite 1475, Nashville, TN 37203, USA.
| | - R Taylor
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 2525 West End Ave. Suite 1475, Nashville, TN 37203, USA.
| | - F Delacqua
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 2525 West End Ave. Suite 1475, Nashville, TN 37203, USA.
| | - A A Lewis
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 2525 West End Ave. Suite 1475, Nashville, TN 37203, USA.
| | - T Bosler
- UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
| | - K B Johnson
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 2525 West End Ave. Suite 1475, Nashville, TN 37203, USA.
| | - P A Harris
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 2525 West End Ave. Suite 1475, Nashville, TN 37203, USA.
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48
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Wells RD, Guastaferro K, Azuero A, Rini C, Hendricks BA, Dosse C, Taylor R, Williams GR, Engler S, Smith C, Sudore R, Rosenberg AR, Bakitas MA, Dionne-Odom JN. Applying the Multiphase Optimization Strategy for the Development of Optimized Interventions in Palliative Care. J Pain Symptom Manage 2021; 62:174-182. [PMID: 33253787 PMCID: PMC8274323 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2020.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Recent systematic reviews and meta-analyses have reported positive benefit of multicomponent "bundled" palliative care interventions for patients and family caregivers while highlighting limitations in determining key elements and mechanisms of improvement. Traditional research approaches, such as the randomized controlled trial (RCT), typically treat interventions as "bundled" treatment packages, making it difficult to assess definitively which aspects of an intervention can be reduced or replaced or whether there are synergistic or antagonistic interactions between intervention components. Progressing toward palliative care interventions that are effective, efficient, and scalable will require new strategies and novel approaches. One such approach is the Multiphase Optimization Strategy (MOST), a framework informed by engineering principles, that uses a systematic process to empirically identify an intervention comprised of components that positively contribute to desired outcomes under real-life constraints. This article provides a brief overview and application of MOST and factorial trial design in palliative care research, including our insights from conducting a pilot factorial trial of an early palliative care intervention to enhance the decision support skills of advanced cancer family caregivers (Project CASCADE).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel D Wells
- School of Nursing, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.
| | - Kate Guastaferro
- Methodology Center, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Andres Azuero
- School of Nursing, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Christine Rini
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine and Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Bailey A Hendricks
- School of Nursing, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Chinara Dosse
- School of Nursing, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Richard Taylor
- School of Nursing, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Grant R Williams
- School of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Sally Engler
- School of Nursing, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Charis Smith
- School of Nursing, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Rebecca Sudore
- School of Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Abby R Rosenberg
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA; Palliative Care and Resilience Lab, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Marie A Bakitas
- School of Nursing, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA; Center for Palliative and Supportive Care, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - J Nicholas Dionne-Odom
- School of Nursing, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA; Center for Palliative and Supportive Care, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
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Dearie C, Linhart C, Rafai E, Nand D, Morrell S, Taylor R. Trends in mortality and life expectancy in Fiji over 20 years. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:1185. [PMID: 34158012 PMCID: PMC8218490 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-11186-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fiji, a Pacific Island nation of 884,887 (2017 census), has experienced a prolonged epidemiological transition. This study examines trends in mortality and life expectancy (LE) in Fiji by sex and ethnicity over 1996-2017, with comparisons to published estimates. METHODS Trends in infant mortality rates (IMR), under-5 mortality (U5M), adult mortality (probability of dying), LE (at birth) and directly age-standardised death rates (DASRs) by sex and ethnicity, are calculated (with 95% confidence limits) using unit death records from the Fiji Ministry of Health and Medical Services. The LE gap between populations, or within populations over time, is examined using decomposition by age. Period trends are assessed for statistical significance using linear regression. RESULTS Over 1996-98 to 2014-17: IMR and U5M for i-Taukei and Fijians of Indian descent declined; U5M decline for i-Taukei (24.6 to 20.1/1000 live births) was significant (p = 0.016). Mortality (15-59 years) for i-Taukei males was unchanged at 27% but declined for Indians 33 to 30% (p = 0.101). Mortality for i-Taukei females increased 22 to 24% (p = 0.011) but declined for Indians 20 to 18% (p = 0.240). DASRs 1996-2017 were lower for i-Taukei (9.3 to 8.2/1000 population) than Indian males (10.6 to 9.8/1000). DASRs declined for i-Taukei (both sexes, p < 0.05), and for Indians (both sexes, p > 0.05). Over 22 years, LE at birth increased by 1 year or less (p = 0.030 in male i-Taukei). In 2014-17, LE (years) for males was: i-Taukei 64.9, Indians 63.5; and females: i-Taukei 67.0 and Indians 68.2. Mortality changes in most 5-year age groups increased or decreased the LE gap less than 10 weeks over 22 years. Compared to international agency reports, 2014-17 empirical LE estimates (males 64.7, females 67.8) were lower, as was IMR. CONCLUSIONS Based on empirical data, LE in Fiji has minimally improved over 1996-2017, and is lower than some international agencies report. Adult mortality was higher in Indian than i-Taukei men, and higher in i-Taukei than Indian women. Exclusion of stillbirths resulted in IMRs lower than previously reported. Differing mortality trends in subgroups highlight the need to collect census and health data by ethnicity and sex, to monitor health outcomes and inform resource allocation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Dearie
- School of Population Health, University of New South Wales, Samuels Building, Botany St, UNSW Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.
| | - Christine Linhart
- School of Population Health, University of New South Wales, Samuels Building, Botany St, UNSW Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Eric Rafai
- Ministry of Health and Medical Services (MoHMS), Government of Fiji, Suva, Fiji
| | - Devina Nand
- Ministry of Health and Medical Services (MoHMS), Government of Fiji, Suva, Fiji
| | - Stephen Morrell
- School of Population Health, University of New South Wales, Samuels Building, Botany St, UNSW Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Richard Taylor
- School of Population Health, University of New South Wales, Samuels Building, Botany St, UNSW Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
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Melody ME, Bruning C, Mack R, Parrott K, Taylor R, Foran JM, Roy V, Ayala E, Kharfan-Dabaja M, Murthy HS, Kilpatrick M, Robinson M. Patient perceptions of palliative care in the process of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation. J Clin Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2021.39.15_suppl.e24082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
e24082 Background: Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT) is associated with significant short- and long-term sequelae that affect patients’ overall quality of life (QoL) and their physical and psychological well-being. Studies have shown improvement in patient QoL and physician satisfaction with palliative care involvement in the allo-HCT process. However, patient and physician perceptions regarding palliative care often impact timely referral. We conducted a prospective study to examine patient perceptions of palliative care both before and after palliative care consultation during evaluation for allo-HCT. Methods: This is a prospective, single-center study, of patients > 18 years of age, who were referred for a palliative care consultation as part of standard evaluation for allo-HCT. Patients were administered a pre- and post-visit internally derived questionnaire to assess their understanding and comfort level with palliative care. The primary objective of this study was to examine patient perceptions of palliative care consultation during evaluation for allo-HCT. Primary end point was the change in patient pre- and post- questionnaire responses. Secondary endpoint was the completion of advance care planning documentation pre- and post- consultation. Results: We enrolled 32 patients (male = 14) undergoing evaluation for allo-HCT with a primary diagnosis of AML (n = 8), NHL (n = 8), MDS (n = 7), ALL (n = 2), and other (n = 7). Following consultation with palliative care there was a statistically significant increase in patient understanding of the reason for the appointment, p = 0.0006. There was also a significant increase in patient’s knowledge of palliative care, with only 28% describing their knowledge as “good” or “excellent” prior to consultation and 79.3% after consultation, p < 0.0001. There was an observed positive, non-statistically significant, trend in patient comfort level with palliative medicine with only 20.7% (n = 6) describing their comfort as “high” or “very high” prior to consultation and 51.7% (n = 15) after consultation, p = 0.60. There was a higher rate of completion of advance care planning documentation following consultation with palliative medicine 56.3% vs 71.4%, p = 0.042. Conclusions: Palliative care consultation prior to allo-HCT increases a patient’s understanding of the role of palliative medicine as part of their allo-HCT and improves advance care planning. These findings need to be validated in a larger, multicenter, patient cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ernesto Ayala
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL
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