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Bettariga F, Taaffe DR, Galvão DA, Lopez P, Bishop C, Markarian AM, Natalucci V, Kim JS, Newton RU. Exercise training mode effects on myokine expression in healthy adults: A systematic review with meta-analysis. J Sport Health Sci 2024:S2095-2546(24)00049-8. [PMID: 38604409 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2024.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The benefits of exercise are well known; however, many of the underlying molecular mechanisms are not fully understood. Skeletal muscle secretes myokines, which mediate muscle-organ crosstalk. Myokines regulate satellite-cell proliferation and migration, inflammatory cascade, insulin secretion, angiogenesis, fatty oxidation, and cancer suppression. To date, the effects of different exercise modes (namely, aerobic and resistance exercise) on myokine response remain to be elucidated. This is crucial considering the clinical implementation of exercise to enhance general health and wellbeing and as a medical treatment. METHODS A systematic search was undertaken in PubMed, Medline, CINAHL, Embase, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science in April 2023. Eligible studies examining the effects of a single bout of exercise on IL-15, irisin, SPARC, OSM, and decorin were included. A random-effects meta-analysis was also undertaken to quantify the magnitude of change. RESULTS Sixty-two studies were included (n = 1193). Overall, exercise appeared to induce small to large increases in myokine expression, with effects observed immediately after to 60 min post-exercise, although these were mostly not statistically significant. Both aerobic and resistance exercise resulted in changes in myokine levels, without any significant difference between training modes, and with the magnitude of change differing across myokines. Myokine levels returned to baseline levels within 180 min to 24 h post-exercise. However, owing to potential sources of heterogeneity, most changes were not statistically significant, indicating that precise conclusions cannot be drawn. CONCLUSION Knowledge is limited but expanding with respect to the impact of overall and specific effects of exercise on myokine expression at different time points in the systemic circulation. Further research is required to investigate the effects of different exercise modes at multiple time points on myokine response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Bettariga
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia; School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia
| | - Dennis R Taaffe
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia; School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia
| | - Daniel A Galvão
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia; School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia
| | - Pedro Lopez
- Pleural Medicine Unit, Institute for Respiratory Health, Perth, WA 6009, Australia; Medical School, Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia; Grupo de Pesquisa em Exercício para Populações Clínicas (GPCLIN), Universidade de Caxias do Sul, Caxias do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, 95070-560, Brazil
| | - Chris Bishop
- London Sport Institute, School of Science and Technology, Middlesex University, London, NW4 4BT, UK
| | - Anna Maria Markarian
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia; School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia
| | - Valentina Natalucci
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, 20133, Italy
| | - Jin-Soo Kim
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia; School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia
| | - Robert U Newton
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia; School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia; School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia.
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Green A, Newton RU, Smith DP, Tuffaha H, Galvão DA, Heathcote P, Patel MI, Christie D, Egger S, Sara SA, Heneka N, Chambers SK, Dunn J. Prostate Cancer Survivorship Essentials for men with prostate cancer on androgen deprivation therapy: protocol for a randomised controlled trial of a tele-based nurse-led survivorship care intervention (PCEssentials Hormone Therapy Study). BMJ Open 2024; 14:e084412. [PMID: 38521521 PMCID: PMC10961537 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2024-084412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is commonly used to treat men with locally advanced or metastatic prostate cancer. Men receiving ADT experience numerous side effects and frequently report unmet supportive care needs. An essential part of quality cancer care is survivorship care. To date, an optimal effective approach to survivorship care for men with prostate cancer on ADT has not been described. This protocol describes a randomised trial of tele-based nurse-led survivorship that addresses this knowledge gap: (1) determine the effectiveness of a nurse-led survivorship care intervention (PCEssentials), relative to usual care, for improving health-related quality of life (HR-QoL) in men with prostate cancer undergoing ADT and (2) evaluate PCEssentials implementation strategies and outcomes, including cost-effectiveness, compared with usual care. METHODS AND ANALYSIS This is an effectiveness-implementation hybrid (type 1) trial with participants randomised to one of two arms: (1) minimally enhanced usual care and (2) nurse-led prostate cancer survivorship essentials (PCEssentials) delivered over four tele-based sessions, with a booster session 5 months after session 1. Eligible participants are Australian men with prostate cancer commencing ADT and expected to be on ADT for a minimum of 12 months. Participants are followed up at 3, 6 and 12 months postrecruitment. Primary outcomes are HR-QoL and self-efficacy. Secondary outcomes are psychological distress, insomnia, fatigue and physical activity. A concurrent process evaluation with participants and study stakeholders will be undertaken to determine effectiveness of delivery of PCEssentials. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethics approval was obtained from the Metro South Health HREC (HREC/2021/QMS/79429). All participants are required to provide written informed consent. Outcomes of this trial will be published in peer-reviewed journals. The findings will be presented at conferences and meetings, local hospital departments, participating organisations/clinical services, and university seminars, and communicated at community and consumer-led forums. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ACTRN12622000025730.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Green
- Centre for Health Research, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield Central, Queensland, Australia
| | - Robert U Newton
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - David P Smith
- The Daffodil Centre, a joint venture with Cancer Council NSW, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Haitham Tuffaha
- The University of Queensland, Saint Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Daniel A Galvão
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | | | - Manish I Patel
- University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - David Christie
- Genesiscare, Tugun, Queensland, Australia
- Bond University, Robina, Queensland, Australia
| | - Sam Egger
- The Daffodil Centre, a joint venture with Cancer Council NSW, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sally Am Sara
- Prostate Cancer Foundation of Australia, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Nicole Heneka
- Centre for Health Research, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield Central, Queensland, Australia
| | | | - Jeff Dunn
- Centre for Health Research, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield Central, Queensland, Australia
- Prostate Cancer Foundation of Australia, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
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Western B, Ivarsson A, Vistad I, Demmelmaier I, Aaronson NK, Radcliffe G, van Beurden M, Bohus M, Courneya KS, Daley AJ, Galvão DA, Garrod R, Goedendorp MM, Griffith KA, van Harten WH, Hayes SC, Herrero-Roman F, Hiensch AE, Irwin ML, James E, Kenkhuis MF, Kersten MJ, Knoop H, Lucia A, May AM, McConnachie A, van Mechelen W, Mutrie N, Newton RU, Nollet F, Oldenburg HS, Plotnikoff R, Schmidt ME, Schmitz KH, Schulz KH, Short CE, Sonke GS, Steindorf K, Stuiver MM, Taaffe DR, Thorsen L, Velthuis MJ, Wenzel J, Winters-Stone KM, Wiskemann J, Berntsen S, Buffart LM. Dropout from exercise trials among cancer survivors-An individual patient data meta-analysis from the POLARIS study. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2024; 34:e14575. [PMID: 38339809 DOI: 10.1111/sms.14575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The number of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating the effects of exercise among cancer survivors has increased in recent years; however, participants dropping out of the trials are rarely described. The objective of the present study was to assess which combinations of participant and exercise program characteristics were associated with dropout from the exercise arms of RCTs among cancer survivors. METHODS This study used data collected in the Predicting OptimaL cAncer RehabIlitation and Supportive care (POLARIS) study, an international database of RCTs investigating the effects of exercise among cancer survivors. Thirty-four exercise trials, with a total of 2467 patients without metastatic disease randomized to an exercise arm were included. Harmonized studies included a pre and a posttest, and participants were classified as dropouts when missing all assessments at the post-intervention test. Subgroups were identified with a conditional inference tree. RESULTS Overall, 9.6% of the participants dropped out. Five subgroups were identified in the conditional inference tree based on four significant associations with dropout. Most dropout was observed for participants with BMI >28.4 kg/m2 , performing supervised resistance or unsupervised mixed exercise (19.8% dropout) or had low-medium education and performed aerobic or supervised mixed exercise (13.5%). The lowest dropout was found for participants with BMI >28.4 kg/m2 and high education performing aerobic or supervised mixed exercise (5.1%), and participants with BMI ≤28.4 kg/m2 exercising during (5.2%) or post (9.5%) treatment. CONCLUSIONS There are several systematic differences between cancer survivors completing and dropping out from exercise trials, possibly affecting the external validity of exercise effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedikte Western
- Department of Sport Science and Physical Education, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway
| | - Andreas Ivarsson
- Centre of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport, Halmstad University, Halmstad, Sweden
| | - Ingvild Vistad
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sørlandet Hospital, Kristiansand, Norway
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ingrid Demmelmaier
- Department of Sport Science and Physical Education, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Neil K Aaronson
- Division of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gillian Radcliffe
- Lane Fox Respiratory Research Unit, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Marc van Beurden
- Netherlands Cancer Institute/Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Martin Bohus
- Institute of Psychiatric and Psychosomatic Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Germany
- Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Health, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Kerry S Courneya
- Faculty of Kinesiology, Sport, and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Amanda J Daley
- Centre for Lifestyle Medicine and Behaviour (CLiMB), The School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - Daniel A Galvão
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Rachel Garrod
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Martine M Goedendorp
- Department of Psychology, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
- Department of Health Psychology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Wim H van Harten
- Division of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Sandi C Hayes
- School of Public Health, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, Queensland, Australia
| | | | - Anouk E Hiensch
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Erica James
- School of Medicine & Public Health, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Marlou-Floor Kenkhuis
- Department of Medical BioSciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Marie José Kersten
- Department of Hematology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Cancer Center Amsterdam and LYMMCARE, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hans Knoop
- Department of Medical Psychology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Anne M May
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Alex McConnachie
- School of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Willem van Mechelen
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences, School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- UCD School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Nanette Mutrie
- Physical Activity for Health Research Center, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Robert U Newton
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Frans Nollet
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Rehabilitation & Development, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hester S Oldenburg
- Netherlands Cancer Institute/Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ron Plotnikoff
- Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, the University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Martina E Schmidt
- Division of Physical Activity, Prevention and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and National Center for Tumor Disease (NCT), Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Karl-Heinz Schulz
- Competence Center for Sports- and Exercise Medicine (Athleticum) and Institute for Medical Psychology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Camille E Short
- Melbourne Centre for Behaviour Change, Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- Cancer and Exercise Recovery Research Group (CanRex), Melbourne School of Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Gabe S Sonke
- Netherlands Cancer Institute/Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Karen Steindorf
- Division of Physical Activity, Prevention and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and National Center for Tumor Disease (NCT), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martijn M Stuiver
- Division of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dennis R Taaffe
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Lene Thorsen
- National Advisory Unit on Late Effects after Cancer Treatment, Department of Oncology, Division of Cancer Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Clinical Service, Division of Cancer Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Miranda J Velthuis
- Netherlands Comprehensive Cancer Organisation (IKNL), Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jennifer Wenzel
- Johns Hopkins School of Nursing, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Joachim Wiskemann
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Heidelberg and Heidelberg University Clinic, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sveinung Berntsen
- Department of Sport Science and Physical Education, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway
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Weber JA, Hart NH, Rantalainen T, Connick M, Newton RU. Assessment of Ground Contact Time in the Field: Evaluation of Validity and Reliability. J Strength Cond Res 2024; 38:e34-e39. [PMID: 38085634 DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000004682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Weber, JA, Hart, NH, Rantalainen, T, Connick, M, and Newton, RU. Assessment of ground contact time in the field: evaluation of validity and reliability. J Strength Cond Res 38(1): e34-e39, 2024-The capacity to measure the kinetic and kinematic components of running has been extensively investigated in laboratory settings. Many authors have produced work that is of high value to practitioners within sporting environments; however, the lack of field-based technology to assess features of running gait validly and reliably has prevented the application of these valuable works. This paper examines the validity and reliability of a practical field-based methodology for using commercial inertial measurement units (IMUs) to assess ground contact time (GCT). Validity was examined in the comparison of GCT measured from ground reaction force by a force plate and that determined by a lumbar mounted commercial IMU and analyzed using a commercially available system (SPEEDSIG). Reliability was assessed by a field-based examination of within and between-session variability in GCT measured using a commercially available system (SPEEDSIG). Significance was set at p ≤ 0.05. Results for validity (intraclass correlation [ICC] 0.83) and reliability (ICC 0.91) confirm that the described field-based methodology is qualified for use to determine GCT in a practical setting. The implications of this study are important as they offer sport practitioners (S&C coaches, rehab specialists, and physios) a scalable method to assess GCT in the field to develop greater understanding of their athletes and improve performance, injury prevention, and rehabilitation interventions. Furthermore, these results provide the foundation for further work that could provide greater detail describing individual running gait in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason A Weber
- UWA Tech and Policy Lab, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Nicolas H Hart
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia
- Human Performance Research Centre, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Caring Futures Institute, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
- Centre for Healthcare Translation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
- Institute for Health Research, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Timo Rantalainen
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia
- Institute for Health Research, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Perth, Australia
- Gerontology Research Centre & Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Mark Connick
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia; and
| | - Robert U Newton
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
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Bettariga F, Taaffe DR, Galvão DA, Bishop C, Kim JS, Newton RU. Suppressive effects of exercise-conditioned serum on cancer cells: A narrative review of the influence of exercise mode, volume, and intensity. J Sport Health Sci 2023:S2095-2546(23)00117-5. [PMID: 38081360 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2023.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, and the incidence is increasing, highlighting the need for effective strategies to treat this disease. Exercise has emerged as fundamental therapeutic medicine in the management of cancer, associated with a lower risk of recurrence and increased survival. Several avenues of research demonstrate reduction in growth, proliferation, and increased apoptosis of cancer cells, including breast, prostate, colorectal, and lung cancer, when cultured by serum collected after exercise in vitro (i.e., the cultivation of cancer cell lines in an experimental setting, which simplifies the biological system and provides mechanistic insight into cell responses). The underlying mechanisms of exercise-induced cancer suppressive effects may be attributed to the alteration in circulating factors, such as skeletal muscle-induced cytokines (i.e., myokines) and hormones. However, exercise-induced tumor suppressive effects and detailed information about training interventions are not well investigated, constraining more precise application of exercise medicine within clinical oncology. To date, it remains unclear what role different training modes (i.e., resistance and aerobic training) as well as volume and intensity have on exercise-conditioned serum and its effects on cancer cells. Nevertheless, the available evidence is that a single bout of aerobic training at moderate to vigorous intensity has cancer suppressive effects, while for chronic training interventions, exercise volume appears to be an influential candidate driving cancer inhibitory effects regardless of training mode. Insights for future research investigating training modes, volume and intensity are provided to further our understanding of the effects of exercise-conditioned serum on cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Bettariga
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia; School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia
| | - Dennis R Taaffe
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia; School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia
| | - Daniel A Galvão
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia; School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia
| | - Chris Bishop
- London Sport Institute, School of Science and Technology, Middlesex University, London, NW4 4BT, UK
| | - Jin-Soo Kim
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia; School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia
| | - Robert U Newton
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia; School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia; School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia.
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Singh F, Newton RU, Taaffe DR, Lopez P, Thavaseelan J, Brown M, Ooi E, Nosaka K, Hayne D, Galvão DA. Prehabilitative versus rehabilitative exercise in prostate cancer patients undergoing prostatectomy. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:16563-16573. [PMID: 37712960 PMCID: PMC10645629 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-05409-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The study compared the efficacy of commencing supervised exercise in men with prostate cancer before and after prostatectomy on objective and patient-reported outcomes, hospital length of stay, and urinary incontinence. METHODS Forty-one men were randomised to a 6-week prehabilitation or rehabilitation exercise programme. Prehabilitation involved resistance and aerobic exercise thrice weekly pre-surgery, while rehabilitation comprised the same commencing 6-weeks post-surgery. Assessments included strength, function (chair rise, stair climb, 400-m, 6-m usual, fast, and backwards walk), body composition, fatigue and quality of life, undertaken at pre-surgery, early post-surgery and late post-surgery phase, with urinary incontinence (24-h pad test) assessed at 2, 6, and 12-weeks post-surgery. Intention-to-treat and sensitivity analyses were undertaken. RESULTS Of thirty-eight men (48-73 years), 29 completed all assessments with most undergoing robotic-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy (92.1%). In the pre-surgery phase, prehabilitation improved muscle strength (leg press: 17.2 kg; chest press: 2.9 kg; p ≤ 0.001), 400-m, chair rise, 6-m fast and backward walk tests (p ≤ 0.001-0.028). Strength and function declines in the early post-surgery phase were maintained late post-surgery. Rehabilitation showed declines of these outcomes after surgery with improvement late post-surgery (leg press: 14.6 kg, p < 0.001; chest press: 6.8 kg, p < 0.001; 400-m walk: -12.0 s, p = 0.005), resulting in no difference between groups at 12 weeks. There were no significant differences between groups for patient-reported outcomes, hospital length of stay or urinary incontinence. CONCLUSION Pre-surgical exercise enhanced strength and function, protecting against post-surgery declines. Although exercise post-surgery is beneficial for recouping strength and function, where possible men undergoing prostatectomy are encouraged to exercise pre-surgery. TRIAL REGISTRATION ACTRN12617001115325 registered 31 July 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Favil Singh
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup, WA, 6027, Australia.
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia.
| | - Robert U Newton
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup, WA, 6027, Australia
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Dennis R Taaffe
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup, WA, 6027, Australia
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - Pedro Lopez
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup, WA, 6027, Australia
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
- Pleural Medicine Unit, Institute for Respiratory Health, Perth, WA, Australia
| | | | - Matthew Brown
- Perth Urology Clinic, Perth, WA, Australia
- Fiona Stanley Hospital, Murdoch, WA, Australia
- UWA Medical School, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | | | - Kazunori Nosaka
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup, WA, 6027, Australia
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - Dickon Hayne
- Fiona Stanley Hospital, Murdoch, WA, Australia
- UWA Medical School, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - Daniel A Galvão
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup, WA, 6027, Australia
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
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Kudiarasu C, Lopez P, Galvão DA, Newton RU, Taaffe DR, Mansell L, Fleay B, Saunders C, Fox-Harding C, Singh F. What are the most effective exercise, physical activity and dietary interventions to improve body composition in women diagnosed with or at high-risk of breast cancer? A systematic review and network meta-analysis. Cancer 2023; 129:3697-3712. [PMID: 37788151 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.35043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity has been recognized as a risk factor in the development and recurrence of breast cancer and is also associated with poor prognostic outcomes. This systematic review and network meta-analysis aimed to identify the most effective exercise, physical activity, and dietary interventions to reduce fat mass, body fat percentage and body weight as well as potentially increase lean mass in women diagnosed with or at high risk of breast cancer. METHODS A systematic search of databases was performed up to May 2022. Eligible randomized controlled trials examined the effects of exercise, physical activity and/or dietary interventions on fat mass and lean mass in women diagnosed with or at high risk of breast cancer. A random-effects network meta-analysis was conducted to determine the effects of different interventions across outcomes when sufficient studies were available. RESULTS Eighty-four studies (n = 6428) were included in this review. Caloric restriction and combined exercise + caloric restriction significantly reduced fat mass (range, -3.9 to -3.7 kg) and body weight (range, -5.3 to -4.7 kg), whereas physical activity + caloric restriction significantly reduced body fat percentage (-2.4%; 95% confidence interval [CI], -3.4% to -13%) and body mass index (-2.2 kg × m-2 ; 95% CI, -3.0 to -1.4 kg × m-2 ) in breast cancer patients. Resistance exercise was the most effective intervention to increase lean mass (0.7 kg; 95% CI, 0.5-1.0 kg) in breast cancer patients. CONCLUSION Multimodal exercise and diet programs were the most effective interventions to reduce fat mass, body fat percentage, and body weight and increase and/or preserve lean mass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Kudiarasu
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Pedro Lopez
- Pleural Medicine Unit, Institute for Respiratory Health, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Daniel A Galvão
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Robert U Newton
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Dennis R Taaffe
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Lorna Mansell
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Brianna Fleay
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Christobel Saunders
- Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne (Royal Melbourne Hospital), Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Caitlin Fox-Harding
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Favil Singh
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
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Kim JS, Taaffe DR, Galvão DA, Clay TD, Redfern AD, Hart NH, Gray ES, Ryan CJ, Kenfield SA, Saad F, Newton RU. Acute effect of high-intensity interval aerobic exercise on serum myokine levels and resulting tumour-suppressive effect in trained patients with advanced prostate cancer. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis 2023; 26:795-801. [PMID: 36446945 DOI: 10.1038/s41391-022-00624-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Although skeletal muscle releases cytokines called myokines during exercise, the kinetics of the acute myokine response to exercise (exercise-induced circulatory myokine level alteration) is unknown in patients with advanced prostate cancer. We measured myokine levels in serum obtained from patients with metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) before and after exercise and assessed the growth-suppressive effect of the serum by applying it to a PCa cell line. METHODS Nine patients with mCRPC (age = 67.8 ± 10.1 years, time since mCRPC diagnosis 36.2 ± 22.5 months) undertook 34 min of a high-intensity interval exercise session on a cycle ergometer. Blood was collected immediately pre, post and 30 min post. Serum levels of secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC), oncostatin M (OSM), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-15 (IL-15), decorin, irisin, and IGF-1 were determined. Growth of the androgen-independent PCa cell line DU-145 exposed to serum collected at three points was measured. RESULTS There was a significant elevation of SPARC (19.9%, P = 0.048), OSM (11.5%, P = 0.001), IL-6 (10.2%, P = 0.02) and IL-15 (7.8%, P = 0.023) in serum collected immediately after exercise compared to baseline, returning to baseline after 30 min rest. A significant reduction in DU-145 Cell growth and the Cell Index area under the curve at 72 h incubation was observed with the presence of serum obtained immediately post-exercise (Cell Index at 72 h: 16.9%, P < 0.001; area under the curve: 15.2%, P < 0.001) and with the presence of serum obtained 30 min post-exercise compared to baseline (Cell Index at 72 h: 6.5%; area under the curve: 8.8%, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION This study provides preliminary evidence for an acute exercise-induced myokine response and tumour growth suppression in serum after a bout of high-intensity interval exercise in patients with advanced PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Soo Kim
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - Dennis R Taaffe
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - Daniel A Galvão
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - Timothy D Clay
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
- Department of Oncology, St John of God Subiaco Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Andrew D Redfern
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Murdoch, WA, Australia
- School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Nicolas H Hart
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
- School of Sport, Exercise, and Rehabilitation, University of Technology Sydney, Moore Park, NSW, Australia
| | - Elin S Gray
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
- Centre of Precision Health, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - Charles J Ryan
- Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Stacey A Kenfield
- Departments of Urology and Epidemiology & Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Fred Saad
- Department of Urology, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Robert U Newton
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia.
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia.
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia.
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Bettariga F, Bishop C, Taaffe DR, Galvão DA, Maestroni L, Newton RU. Time to consider the potential role of alternative resistance training methods in cancer management? J Sport Health Sci 2023; 12:715-725. [PMID: 37399886 PMCID: PMC10658316 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2023.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
Exercise has emerged as fundamental therapeutic medicine in the management of cancer. Exercise improves health-related outcomes, including quality of life, neuromuscular strength, physical function, and body composition, and it is associated with a lower risk of disease recurrence and increased survival. Moreover, exercise during or post cancer treatments is safe, can ameliorate treatment-related side effects, and may enhance the effectiveness of chemotherapy and radiation therapy. To date, traditional resistance training (RT) is the most used RT modality in exercise oncology. However, alternative training modes, such as eccentric, cluster set, and blood flow restriction are gaining increased attention. These training modalities have been extensively investigated in both athletic and clinical populations (e.g., age-related frailty, cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes), showing considerable benefits in terms of neuromuscular strength, hypertrophy, body composition, and physical function. However, these training modes have only been partially or not at all investigated in cancer populations. Thus, this study outlines the benefits of these alternative RT methods in patients with cancer. Where evidence in cancer populations is sparse, we provide a robust rationale for the possible implementation of certain RT methods that have shown positive results in other clinical populations. Finally, we provide clinical insights for research that may guide future RT investigations in patients with cancer and suggest clear practical applications for targeted cancer populations and related benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Bettariga
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia; School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia
| | - Chris Bishop
- London Sport Institute, School of Science and Technology, Middlesex University, London, NW4 4BT, UK
| | - Dennis R Taaffe
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia; School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia
| | - Daniel A Galvão
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia; School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia
| | - Luca Maestroni
- London Sport Institute, School of Science and Technology, Middlesex University, London, NW4 4BT, UK
| | - Robert U Newton
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia; School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia; School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4067, Australia.
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10
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Kim JS, Taaffe DR, Galvão DA, Saad F, Newton RU. Exercise Mediates Myokine Release and Tumor Suppression in Prostate Cancer Independent of Androgen Signaling. Exerc Sport Sci Rev 2023; 51:161-168. [PMID: 37288965 DOI: 10.1249/jes.0000000000000323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A prominent toxicity of androgen suppression in patients with prostate cancer (PCa) is loss of skeletal muscle. Exercise may induce tumor suppression through the endocrinal function of skeletal muscle; however, this is currently unknown. In this review, we summarize our work demonstrating the acute and chronic myokine response to exercise and the tumor-suppressive effect of circulatory milieu alteration in PCa patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Fred Saad
- Department of Urology, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
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Pettigrew S, Jongenelis MI, Dana LM, Rai R, Jackson B, Newton RU. Testing campaign slogans designed to motivate older people to be more physically active. Public Health Res Pract 2023; 33:3332323. [PMID: 37699764 DOI: 10.17061/phrpp3332323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives and importance of study: Being physically active is critical for healthy ageing, yet many older people do not meet physical activity guidelines. The aim of this study was to test the relative effectiveness of five previously identified campaign slogans designed to encourage older people to be more physically active: 'Be active 30-60 minutes a day to stay fit and well'; 'Move more, live longer'; 'Stay fit to stay functional'; 'This is your time - enjoy being strong and active'; and 'Use it or lose it'. STUDY TYPE Online experiment Methods: A total of 1200 Australians aged 50 years and older (50% female, mean age 65 years) were recruited to complete an online survey, with respondents randomised to answer a series of questions on a video featuring one of the five slogan conditions. One-way ANOVAs with Tukey's post-hoc tests were used to identify differences in outcomes between slogans. RESULTS Overall, the slogans were assessed favourably, suggesting older adults may be receptive to messages about increasing their physical activity. 'Use it or lose it 'performed best across the outcome measures of internal and external motivation, perceived effectiveness, liking, believability, and personal relevance. CONCLUSION Efforts to encourage physical activity among older Australians could use the slogan 'Use it or lose it' as an evidence-based tagline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Pettigrew
- The George Institute for Global Health, UNSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia;
| | | | - Liyuwork M Dana
- School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Rajni Rai
- Western Australia Department of Health, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Ben Jackson
- Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, WA, Australia; School of Human Sciences (Exercise and Sport Science), University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Robert U Newton
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, Australia
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Lopez P, Fitzgerald DB, McVeigh JA, Badiei A, Muruganandan S, Newton RU, Straker L, Lee YCG, Peddle-McIntyre CJ. Associations of physical activity and quality of life in parapneumonic effusion patients. ERJ Open Res 2023; 9:00209-2023. [PMID: 37753285 PMCID: PMC10518875 DOI: 10.1183/23120541.00209-2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Little is known about activity behaviours and quality of life (QoL) of patients with parapneumonic pleural effusions (PPE) after hospital discharge. This study is a secondary analysis of a randomised trial (dexamethasone versus placebo) for hospitalised patients with PPE. We: 1) described the patients' activity behaviour patterns and QoL measured at discharge and at 30 days post-discharge; and 2) examined the association between activity behaviours and QoL scores. Methods Activity behaviour (7-day accelerometry; Actigraph GT3X+) and QoL (Medical Outcomes Study Short-Form 36) were assessed. Repeated measures analysis of covariance controlling for baseline values and a series of linear regression models were undertaken. Results 36 out of 53 eligible participants completed accelerometry assessments. Despite modest increases in light physical activity (+7.5%) and some domains of QoL (>2 points) from discharge to 30 days post-discharge, patients had persistently high levels of sedentary behaviour (>65% of waking wear time) and poor QoL (≤50 out of 100 points) irrespective of treatment group (p=0.135-0.903). Increasing moderate-to-vigorous physical activity was associated with higher scores on most QoL domains (p=0.006-0.037). Linear regression indicates that a clinically important difference of 5 points in physical composite QoL score can be achieved by reallocating 16.1 min·day-1 of sedentary time to moderate-to-vigorous physical activity. Conclusion Patients with PPE had low levels of physical activity and QoL at discharge and 30 days post-discharge irrespective of treatment. Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity participation was associated with higher QoL scores. Increasing moderate-to-vigorous physical activity following discharge from the hospital may be associated with improvements in QoL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Lopez
- Pleural Medicine Unit, Institute for Respiratory Health, Perth, Australia
- Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
- Joint first authors
| | - Deirdre B. Fitzgerald
- Pleural Medicine Unit, Institute for Respiratory Health, Perth, Australia
- Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
- Respiratory Medicine, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Australia
- Joint first authors
| | - Joanne A. McVeigh
- Curtin School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
- enAble Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Arash Badiei
- Thoracic Medicine, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, Australia
- Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Science, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | | | - Robert U. Newton
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Australia
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Australia
| | - Leon Straker
- Curtin School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
- enAble Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Yun Chor Gary Lee
- Pleural Medicine Unit, Institute for Respiratory Health, Perth, Australia
- Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
- Respiratory Medicine, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Australia
- Joint senior authors
| | - Carolyn J. Peddle-McIntyre
- Pleural Medicine Unit, Institute for Respiratory Health, Perth, Australia
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Australia
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Australia
- Joint senior authors
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13
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Lopez P, Rech A, Petropoulou M, Newton RU, Taaffe DR, Galvão DA, Turella DJP, Freitas SR, Radaelli R. Does High-Velocity Resistance Exercise Elicit Greater Physical Function Benefits Than Traditional Resistance Exercise in Older Adults? A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis of 79 Trials. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2023; 78:1471-1482. [PMID: 36378500 PMCID: PMC10395570 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glac230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A systematic review and network meta-analysis was undertaken to examine the effectiveness of different modes of resistance exercise velocity in fast walking speed, timed-up and go, 5-times sit-to-stand, 30-second sit-to-stand, and 6-minute walking tests in older adults. METHODS CINAHL, Embase, LILACS, PubMed, Scielo, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science databases were searched up to February 2022. Eligible randomized trials examined the effects of supervised high-velocity or traditional resistance exercise in older adults (ie, ≥60 years). The primary outcome for this review was physical function measured by fast walking speed, timed-up and go, 5-times sit-to-stand, 30-second sit-to-stand, and 6-minute walking tests, while maximal muscle power and muscle strength were secondary. A random-effects network meta-analysis was undertaken to examine the effects of different resistance exercise interventions. RESULTS Eighty articles describing 79 trials (n = 3 575) were included. High-velocity resistance exercise was the most effective for improving fast walking speed (standardized mean difference [SMD] -0.44, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.00 to 0.87), timed-up and go (SMD -0.76, 95% CI: -1.05 to -0.47), and 5-times sit-to-stand (SMD -0.74, 95% CI: -1.20 to -0.27), while traditional resistance exercise was the most effective for 30-second sit-to-stand (SMD 1.01, 95% CI: 0.68 to 1.34) and 6-minute walking (SMD 0.68, 95% CI: 0.34 to 1.03). CONCLUSION Our study provides evidence that resistance exercise velocity effects are specific in older adults, as evidenced by physical function test dependence. We suggest that prescriptions based on the velocity of contraction should be individualized to address the specific functional needs of participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Lopez
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Anderson Rech
- Curso de Educação Física, Universidade de Caxias do Sul, Caxias do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Maria Petropoulou
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Statistics, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Robert U Newton
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Dennis R Taaffe
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Daniel A Galvão
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Douglas J P Turella
- Curso de Educação Física, Universidade de Caxias do Sul, Caxias do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Sandro R Freitas
- Neuromuscular Research Lab, Faculty of Human Kinetics, University of Lisbon, Cruz Quebrada Dafundo, Portugal
| | - Régis Radaelli
- Neuromuscular Research Lab, Faculty of Human Kinetics, University of Lisbon, Cruz Quebrada Dafundo, Portugal
- CIPER, Faculty of Human Kinetics, University of Lisboa, Cruz Quebrada, Dafundo, Portugal
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Taaffe DR, McCombie SP, Galvão DA, Newton RU, LA Bianca S, Chambers SK, Spry N, Singh F, Lopez P, Schumacher O, Hawks C, Hayne D. Efficacy and Feasibility of Presurgical Exercise in Bladder Cancer Patients Scheduled for Open Radical Cystectomy. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2023; 55:1123-1132. [PMID: 36726207 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000003137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to examine the feasibility and potential efficacy of presurgical exercise in patients with bladder cancer scheduled for open radical cystectomy with follow-up postsurgery. METHODS Prospective single-group design with assessments at baseline, presurgery, and 3 months postsurgery was used in this study. Multimodal supervised resistance and aerobic exercise was undertaken 2-3 d·wk -1 at moderate intensity for a median of 3.5 wk (interquartile range [IQR] = 1.3-5.6). Feasibility was assessed by recruitment and completion rates, patient safety, program tolerance, adherence, and compliance. Lean and fat mass were assessed by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, physical function by a battery of tests (chest press and leg press strength, 6-min walk test [6MWT], timed up-and-go, repeated chair rise), and quality of life (QoL), psychological distress, and body image by questionnaire. Hospital length of stay (LOS) and complications were assessed by medical records. RESULTS Thirty-seven patients were referred with 20 recruited (67.3 ± 12.2 yr) and a presurgery intervention completion rate of 80% (16 of 20). The individual median program adherence was 100.0% (IQR = 89.4-100.0) with compliance of 100.0% (IQR = 90.5-100.0) for resistance exercise and 81.8% (IQR = 55.0-99.5) for aerobic exercise. There were no exercise-related adverse events. Body composition did not change presurgery; however, there were improvements ( P < 0.05) in leg press strength (16%), 6MWT distance (8%), timed up-and-go (12%), chair rise (10%), and multiple QoL domains including mental health. Median LOS was 8.0 d (IQR = 7.0, 15.0). Postsurgery, there were declines in components of QoL and apparent body image dissatisfaction. CONCLUSIONS A preradical cystectomy exercise program is feasible, safe, and well tolerated with improvements in physical function and QoL. Supervised multimodal exercise in bladder cancer patients before cystectomy can enhance physical and mental health potentially buffering the effects of surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Nigel Spry
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, AUSTRALIA
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Lopez P, Newton RU, Taaffe DR, Winters-Stone K, Galvão DA, Buffart LM. Moderators of resistance-based exercise programs' effect on sarcopenia-related measures in men with prostate cancer previously or currently undergoing androgen deprivation therapy: An individual patient data meta-analysis. J Geriatr Oncol 2023; 14:101535. [PMID: 37229882 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgo.2023.101535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Older men with prostate cancer are commonly affected by reductions in lean mass and physical function following androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). Resistance-based exercise programs are critical to counteract the musculoskeletal toxicities derived from prostate cancer treatment and aging. However, there is significant variability in the effects of exercise interventions. Examining demographic and clinical moderators of exercise effects in this patient group can assist in identifying which subgroups of patients benefit most. Therefore, we examined the effects and moderators of resistance-based exercise programs on sarcopenia-related outcomes that included lean mass, skeletal muscle index, physical function, and muscle strength in older men with prostate cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data were retrieved from the Predicting OptimaL cAncer RehabIlitation and Supportive care (POLARIS) consortium. For the present study, we included data from trials that examined the effects of supervised resistance-based exercise interventions on lean mass outcomes, muscle strength, and physical function in patients with prostate cancer previously or currently treated with ADT. Linear mixed models were undertaken to analyse the effects of resistance-based exercise programs considering the clustering of patients within studies. Effects were evaluated by regressing the study group on the post-intervention value of the outcome adjusted for the baseline value, while potential moderators were examined by adding the moderator and its interaction term into the regression model. RESULTS A total of 560 patients with prostate cancer (age: 69.5 ± 7.8 yrs.; body mass index: 28.6 ± 4.0 kg.m-2) previously or currently treated with ADT were included. Resistance-based exercise programs resulted in significant effects on whole-body and appendicular lean mass and the skeletal muscle index (P < 0.05), with improvements observed across different characteristics. Improvements were also observed in 400-m walk and 6-m backwards tandem walk (P < 0.05), with patients presenting with lower baseline levels deriving greater exercise effects on 400-m walk (-19.4 s, 95% confidence interval [CI]: -36.6 to -2.3) and 6-m backwards tandem walk tests (-3.0 s, 95% CI: -5.7 to -0.3). For relative muscle strength, significant exercise effects were observed, with greater effects in younger patients (0.35 kg.kg-1, 95% CI: 0.22 to 0.48). DISCUSSION Resistance-based exercise programs effectively improve well-known markers of sarcopenia in men with prostate cancer, with specific subgroups of patients, such as those younger and presenting with lower baseline levels of physical function, deriving greater effects on muscle strength and physical function, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Lopez
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia; School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia; Pleural Medicine Unit, Institute for Respiratory Health, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Robert U Newton
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia; School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Dennis R Taaffe
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia; School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Kerri Winters-Stone
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Daniel A Galvão
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia; School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Laurien M Buffart
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia; Department of Physiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Nijmegen, Netherlands.
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Crosby BJ, Newton RU, Galvão DA, Taaffe DR, Lopez P, Meniawy TM, Khattak MA, Lam WS, Gray ES, Singh F. Feasibility of supervised telehealth exercise for patients with advanced melanoma receiving checkpoint inhibitor therapy. Cancer Med 2023. [PMID: 37184115 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the feasibility, safety and preliminary efficacy of a telehealth supervised exercise programme in patients with advanced melanoma receiving checkpoint inhibitor therapy. METHODS A 8-week non-randomised feasibility pilot trial utilising a telehealth delivered multimodal exercise programme undertaken thrice weekly with assessments at baseline and post-intervention. The study was considered feasible if there were no severe or life-threatening adverse events as a result of exercise, and three or more of the following criteria were met: the recruitment rate was >50%, completion rate was >80%, median programme attendance was >75%, median exercise compliance >75%, and average tolerance was >70%. Preliminary efficacy was assessed for objective measures of physical function (2-min step test, repeated chair stand test, 30-s push-up test, and a modified static balance test) and quality of life (QoL), fatigue and other patient-reported outcomes were assessed using the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 30. RESULTS Eleven patients (32-80 years) were included in the study (6 female, 5 male). The recruitment rate was 48%, completion rate 91%, programme attendance 88%, median exercise compliance 82.1% and 84.9% for resistance and aerobic exercise, respectively, and tolerance 88%, with no severe or life-threatening adverse events as a result of exercise. In terms of preliminary efficacy, physical function significantly improved while QoL was maintained following the intervention. CONCLUSION An 8-week telehealth exercise intervention is feasible and safe for patients with advanced melanoma and appears to improve physical function while preserving QoL during checkpoint inhibitor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brendan J Crosby
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Robert U Newton
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, University of Queensland, Saint Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Daniel A Galvão
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Dennis R Taaffe
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Pedro Lopez
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
- Pleural Medicine Unit, Institute for Respiratory Health, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Tarek M Meniawy
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Muhammad A Khattak
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
- Centre for Precision Health, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Medicine, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Wei-Sen Lam
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Elin S Gray
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
- Centre for Precision Health, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Favil Singh
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
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17
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Hiensch AE, Beckhaus J, Witlox L, Monninkhof EM, Schagen SB, van Vulpen JK, Sweegers MG, Newton RU, Aaronson NK, Galvão DA, Steindorf K, Stuiver MM, Mesters I, Knoop H, Goedendorp MM, Bohus M, Thorsen L, Schulz KH, Schmidt ME, Ulrich CM, Sonke GS, van Harten WH, Winters-Stone KM, Velthuis MJ, Taaffe DR, van Mechelen W, Kersten MJ, Nollet F, Wiskemann J, Buffart LM, May AM. Moderators of exercise effects on self-reported cognitive functioning in cancer survivors: an individual participant data meta-analysis. J Cancer Surviv 2023:10.1007/s11764-023-01392-3. [PMID: 37160571 DOI: 10.1007/s11764-023-01392-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This individual participant data meta-analysis (IPD-MA) assesses exercise effects on self-reported cognitive functioning (CF) and investigates whether effects differ by patient-, intervention-, and exercise-related characteristics. METHODS IPD from 16 exercise RCTs, including 1987 patients across multiple types of non-metastatic cancer, was pooled. A one-stage IPD-MA using linear mixed-effect models was performed to assess exercise effects on self-reported CF (z-score) and to identify whether the effect was moderated by sociodemographic, clinical, intervention- and exercise-related characteristics, or fatigue, depression, anxiety, and self-reported CF levels at start of the intervention (i.e., baseline). Models were adjusted for baseline CF and included a random intercept at study level to account for clustering of patients within studies. A sensitivity analysis was performed in patients who reported cognitive problems at baseline. RESULTS Minimal significant beneficial exercise effects on self-reported CF (β=-0.09 [-0.16; -0.02]) were observed, with slightly larger effects when the intervention was delivered post-treatment (n=745, β=-0.13 [-0.24; -0.02]), and no significant effect during cancer treatment (n=1,162, β=-0.08 [-0.18; 0.02]). Larger effects were observed in interventions of 12 weeks or shorter (β=-0.14 [-0.25; -0.04]) or 24 weeks or longer (β=-0.18 [-0.32; -0.02]), whereas no effects were observed in interventions of 12-24 weeks (β=0.01 [-0.13; 0.15]). Exercise interventions were most beneficial when provided to patients without anxiety symptoms (β=-0.10 [-0.19; -0.02]) or after completion of treatment in patients with cognitive problems (β=-0.19 [-0.31; -0.06]). No other significant moderators were identified. CONCLUSIONS This cross-cancer IPD meta-analysis observed small beneficial exercise effects on self-reported CF when the intervention was delivered post-treatment, especially in patients who reported cognitive problems at baseline. IMPLICATIONS FOR CANCER SURVIVORS This study provides some evidence to support the prescription of exercise to improve cognitive functioning. Sufficiently powered trials are warranted to make more definitive recommendations and include these in the exercise guidelines for cancer survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anouk E Hiensch
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Julia Beckhaus
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Lenja Witlox
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Evelyn M Monninkhof
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Sanne B Schagen
- Division of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jonna K van Vulpen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Maike G Sweegers
- Division of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology & Center for Quality of Life, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Robert U Newton
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Neil K Aaronson
- Division of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Daniel A Galvão
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Karen Steindorf
- Division of Physical Activity, Prevention and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martijn M Stuiver
- Division of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology & Center for Quality of Life, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ilse Mesters
- Department of Epidemiology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Hans Knoop
- Department of Medical Psychology, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Martine M Goedendorp
- Department of Health Psychology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Martin Bohus
- Institute of Psychiatric and Psychosomatic Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Health, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Lene Thorsen
- National Advisory Unit on Late Effects after Cancer, Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Clinical Service, Division of Cancer Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Karl-Heinz Schulz
- Athleticum - Competence Center for Sports- and Exercise Medicine and Institute for Medical Psychology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Martina E Schmidt
- Division of Physical Activity, Prevention and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Cornelia M Ulrich
- Huntsman Cancer Institute and Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, USA
| | - Gabe S Sonke
- Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Wim H van Harten
- Division of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Health Technology and Services Research, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Kerri M Winters-Stone
- Division of Oncological Sciences, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Miranda J Velthuis
- Netherlands Comprehensive Cancer Organisation (IKNL), Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Dennis R Taaffe
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Willem van Mechelen
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, location: Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Division of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine (ESSM), Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Population Sciences, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Marie José Kersten
- Department of Hematology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location University of Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Frans Nollet
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Rehabilitation & Development, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joachim Wiskemann
- Working Group Exercise Oncology, Division of Medical Oncology, University Clinic Heidelberg and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Laurien M Buffart
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, Australia.
- Department of Physiology, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Anne M May
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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18
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Schofield C, Newton RU, Taaffe DR, Galvão DA, Cohen PA, Meniawy TM, Peddle-McIntyre CJ. Supervised resistance exercise for women with ovarian cancer who have completed first-line treatment: a pragmatic study. Support Care Cancer 2023; 31:304. [PMID: 37101013 PMCID: PMC10132425 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-023-07754-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In ovarian cancer (OC), suboptimal muscle morphology (i.e., low muscle mass and density) is associated with poor clinical outcomes, yet little is known about the effect of interventions aimed at improving these measures. We investigated the effect of resistance exercise after first-line treatment on muscle mass and density, muscle strength and physical function, health-related quality of life (QoL), and pelvic-floor function in advanced-stage OC survivors. METHODS Fifteen OC survivors participated in supervised resistance exercise twice weekly for 12 weeks (in-clinic or by telehealth). Assessments included muscle mass and density (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, peripheral quantitative computed tomography), muscle strength (1-repetition maximum [1RM] chest press, 5RM leg press, handgrip strength), physical function (400-m walk, timed up-and-go [TUG]), QoL (QLQ-C30 questionnaire), and self-reported pelvic floor function (Australian Pelvic Floor Questionnaire). RESULTS The median age was 64 (range 33-72) years, 10 women underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy and five underwent adjuvant chemotherapy. All participants completed the intervention (median attendance = 92%; range 79-100%). Post-intervention improvements were observed for whole-body lean mass (1.0 ± 1.4 kg, p = 0.015), appendicular lean mass (0.6 ± 0.9 kg, p = 0.013), muscle density (p = 0.011), upper and lower body strength (p ≤ 0.001), 400-m walk (p = 0.001), TUG (p = 0.005), and social and cognitive QoL domains (p = 0.002 and 0.007), with no change to pelvic floor symptoms (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION In this study, supervised resistance exercise effectively improved muscle mass and density, muscle strength, and physical functioning without deleterious effects on the pelvic floor. Considering the prognostic value of these outcomes, larger studies are needed to confirm the benefits of resistance exercise in OC supportive care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christelle Schofield
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia.
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia.
| | - Robert U Newton
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - Dennis R Taaffe
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - Daniel A Galvão
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - Paul A Cohen
- School of Medicine, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
- St John of God Hospital, Subiaco, WA, Australia
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - Tarek M Meniawy
- School of Medicine, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
- St John of God Hospital, Subiaco, WA, Australia
- Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - Carolyn J Peddle-McIntyre
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
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19
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Lopez P, Newton RU, Taaffe DR, Winters-Stone K, Buffart LM, Galvão DA. Effects and Moderators of Exercise Medicine on Cardiometabolic Outcomes in Men With Prostate Cancer Previously or Currently Undergoing Androgen Deprivation Therapy: An Individual Patient Data Meta-analysis. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2023; 186:103995. [PMID: 37080399 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2023.103995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To examine the effects and moderators of exercise effects on cardiometabolic outcomes in men with prostate cancer previously or currently undergoing androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). RESULTS Seven trials including 560 patients were examined. Exercise resulted in significant effects on whole-body and regional fat mass (P≤0.001). For whole-body fat mass, significant exercise effects were observed in patients who were unmarried (-1.4kg, P<0.05) and who presented with higher fat mass levels (-1.0kg, P<0.05). For diastolic blood pressure and low-density lipoprotein (LDL), younger (-4.7mmHg, P<0.05) and older patients (-0.2mmol.l-1, P<0.10) achieved greater effects, respectively. Regarding high-density lipoprotein (HDL), patients undertaking ADT + prostatectomy + radiotherapy derived significant exercise effects (0.3mmol.l-1, P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Exercise effectively reduces fat mass across subgroups of men undergoing or following ADT with different characteristics. For diastolic blood pressure, HDL and LDL, groups based on age and treatment history could be specifically targeted with exercise medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Lopez
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia; School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Robert U Newton
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia; School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia; School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Dennis R Taaffe
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia; School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Kerri Winters-Stone
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA; Department of Physiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Laurien M Buffart
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia; Department of Physiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Nijmegen, Netherlands.
| | - Daniel A Galvão
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia; School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
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20
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Langlais CS, Chen YH, Van Blarigan EL, Chan JM, Ryan CJ, Zhang L, Borno HT, Newton RU, Luke A, Bang AS, Panchal N, Tenggara I, Schultz B, Lavaki E, Pinto N, Aggarwal R, Friedlander T, Koshkin VS, Harzstark AL, Small EJ, Kenfield SA. Quality of life for men with metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer participating in an aerobic and resistance exercise pilot intervention. Urol Oncol 2023; 41:146.e1-146.e11. [PMID: 36528473 DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2022.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Following a prostate cancer diagnosis, disease and treatment-related symptoms may result in diminished quality of life (QoL). Whether exercise improves QoL in men with metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) is not fully understood. METHODS We conducted a 3-arm pilot randomized controlled trial to assess the feasibility, acceptability, safety, and efficacy of a 12-week remotely monitored exercise program among men with mCRPC. Here we report qualitative changes in QoL, consistent with the guidelines for pilot trials. Men were randomized to control, aerobic exercise, or resistance exercise. Exercise prescriptions were based on baseline cardiorespiratory and strength assessments. QoL outcomes were evaluated using self-reported questionnaires (e.g., QLQ-C30, PROMIS Fatigue, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), EPIC-26) collected at baseline and 12 weeks. RESULTS A total of 25 men were randomized (10 control, 8 aerobic, 7 resistance). Men were predominately white (76%) with a median age of 71 years (range: 51-84) and 10.5 years (range: 0.9-26.3) post prostate cancer diagnosis. The men reported poor sleep quality and high levels of fatigue at enrollment. Other baseline QoL metrics were relatively high. Compared to the controls at 12 weeks, the resistance arm reported some improvements in social function and urinary irritative/obstruction symptoms while the aerobic arm reported some improvements in social function and urinary incontinence, yet worsening nausea/vomiting. Compared to the resistance arm, the aerobic arm reported worse urinary irritative/obstruction symptoms and self-rated QoL, yet some improvements in emotional function, insomnia, and diarrhea. CONCLUSIONS The 3-month exercise intervention pilot appeared to have modest effects on QoL among mCRPC survivors on ADT. Given the feasibility, acceptability, and safety demonstrated in prior analyses, evaluation of the effect of the intervention on QoL in a larger sample and for extended duration may still be warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Li Zhang
- University of California, San Francisco, CA
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21
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Lopez P, Taaffe DR, Newton RU, Spry N, Joseph D, Tang C, Buffart LM, Galvão DA. Reporting Attendance and Resistance Exercise Compliance in Men with Localized Prostate Cancer. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2023; 55:354-364. [PMID: 36374564 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000003069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Resistance exercise is a well-established intervention to counteract musculoskeletal and metabolic toxicities from prostate cancer treatment. In this study, we reported resistance exercise attendance and compliance, and examined if these variables can influence changes in outcomes of interest in men with localized or locally advanced prostate cancer. METHODS A total of 83 prostate cancer patients (age, 68.2 ± 7.0 yr; body mass index, 27.7 ± 3.8 kg·m -2 ) who had undergone 6 months of resistance-based exercise and had data available on exercise training from logbook records were examined. Attendance outcomes such as missed sessions, interruptions and permanent discontinuation, and metrics such as dosage completed (sessions × number of exercises × sets × repetitions × external load), compliance, tolerance, reductions, and escalations were assessed. Outcomes assessed were body composition, physical function, and muscle strength. RESULTS Median resistance exercise attendance was 80.6%, with a median resistance exercise compliance of 88.5% (interquartile range [IQR], 61.1%-107.1%) per participant. A median of 11 (IQR, 1-26) and 0 (IQR, 0-2) sessions were escalated or reduced, respectively. Significant improvements were observed in whole-body lean mass, 400-m walk, repeated chair rise, leg press, and chest press strength after 6 months of intervention ( P < 0.05) regardless of resistance exercise compliance ( Ptrend = 0.199-0.950). Participants with higher levels of resistance exercise compliance presented greater improvements in trunk fat mass ( Ptrend = 0.026) and appendicular lean mass ( Ptrend = 0.047). CONCLUSIONS A higher resistance exercise compliance led to greater improvements in regional fat and lean mass, whereas physical function and muscle strength improvements were achieved with lower compliance. In addition, patients experienced a high number of dose escalations during the intervention. These findings are important to improve the reproducibility/precision of exercise medicine prescription.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Nigel Spry
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, AUSTRALIA
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22
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Nowak AK, Newton RU, Cruickshank T, Cormie P, Halkett GKB, Tsoi D, Galvão DA. A feasibility, safety, and efficacy evaluation of supervised aerobic and resistance exercise for patients with glioblastoma undertaking adjuvant chemoradiotherapy. Neurooncol Pract 2023; 10:261-270. [PMID: 37188165 PMCID: PMC10180379 DOI: 10.1093/nop/npad006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
While therapeutically effective, chemoradiotherapy treatment for high grade glioma (glioblastoma) is often accompanied by side effects. Exercise has been demonstrated to alleviate adverse effects of such treatments in other cancers. We aimed to evaluate feasibility and preliminary efficacy of supervised exercise incorporating autoregulation.
Methods
Thirty glioblastoma patients were recruited, five declined exercise and 25 were provided with a multi-modal exercise intervention for the duration of their chemoradiotherapy treatment. Patient recruitment, retention, adherence to training sessions and safety were evaluated throughout the study. Physical function, body composition, fatigue, sleep quality and quality of life were evaluated before and after the exercise intervention.
Results
Eight of the 25 participants commencing exercise withdrew prior to completion of the study (32%). Seventeen patients (68%) demonstrated low to high adherence (33% - 100%) and exercise dosage compliance (24% - 83%). There were no reported adverse events. Significant improvements were observed for all trained exercises and for lower limb muscle strength and function with no significant changes observed for any other physical function, body composition, fatigue, sleep, or quality of life outcomes.
Conclusions
Only half of glioblastoma patients recruited were willing or able to commence, complete or meet minimum dose compliance for the exercise intervention during chemoradiotherapy indicating the intervention evaluated may not be feasible for part of this patient cohort. For those who were able to complete the exercise program, supervised, autoregulated, multi-modal exercise was safe and significantly improved strength and function and may have prevented deterioration in body composition and quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna K Nowak
- Medical School, University Western Australia , WA, Australia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital , WA, Australia
| | - Robert U Newton
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University , WA, Australia
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University , WA, Australia
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, University of Queensland , Australia
| | - Travis Cruickshank
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University , WA, Australia
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University , WA, Australia
| | - Prue Cormie
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne , VIC, Australia
| | - Georgia K B Halkett
- School of Nursing, Midwifery and Paramedicine, Curtin University , WA, Australia
| | - Daphne Tsoi
- St John of God Hospitals Subiaco and Murdoch , WA, Australia
| | - Daniel A Galvão
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University , WA, Australia
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University , WA, Australia
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23
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Peddle-McIntyre CJ, Muruganandan S, McVeigh J, Fitzgerald DB, Straker L, Newton RU, Murray K, Lee YCG. Device assessed activity behaviours in patients with indwelling pleural catheter: A sub-study of the Australasian Malignant PLeural Effusion (AMPLE)-2 randomized trial. Respirology 2023; 28:561-570. [PMID: 36642702 DOI: 10.1111/resp.14451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Device-assessed activity behaviours are a novel measure for comparing intervention outcomes in patients with malignant pleural effusion (MPE). Australasian Malignant PLeural Effusion (AMPLE)-2 was a multi-centre clinical trial where participants with MPE treated with an indwelling pleural catheter were randomized to daily (DD) or symptom-guided (SGD) drainage for 60-days. Our aim was to describe activity behaviour patterns in MPE patients, explore the impact of drainage regimen on activity behaviours and examine associations between activity behaviours and quality of life (QoL). METHODS Following randomization to DD or SGD, participants enrolled at the lead site (Perth) completed accelerometry assessment. This was repeated monthly for 5-months. Activity behaviour outcomes were calculated as percent of daily waking-wear time and compared between groups (Mann-Whitney U test; Median [IQR]). Correlations between activity behaviour outcomes and QoL were examined. RESULTS Forty-one (91%) participants provided ≥1 valid accelerometry assessment (DDn = 20, SGD n = 21). Participants spent a large proportion of waking hours sedentary (72%-74% across timepoints), and very little time in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (<1% across timepoints). Compared to SGD group, DD group had a more favourable sedentary-to-light ratio in the week following randomization (2.4 [2.0-3.4] vs. 3.2 [2.4-6.1]; p = 0.047) and at 60-days (2.0 [1.9-2.9] vs. 2.9 [2.8-6.0]; p = 0.016). Sedentary-to-light ratio was correlated with multiple QoL domains at multiple timepoints. CONCLUSION Patients with MPE are largely sedentary. Preliminary results suggest that even modest differences in activity behaviours favouring the DD group could be meaningful for this clinical population. Accelerometry reflects QoL and is a useful outcome measure in MPE populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn J Peddle-McIntyre
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia.,School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Sanjeevan Muruganandan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Northern Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Joanne McVeigh
- School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia.,Movement Physiology Laboratory, School of Physiology, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Deirdre B Fitzgerald
- Respiratory Department, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia.,Institute for Respiratory Health & Medical School, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Leon Straker
- School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Robert U Newton
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia.,School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia.,School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Kevin Murray
- School of Population and Global Health, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Yun Chor Gary Lee
- Respiratory Department, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia.,Institute for Respiratory Health & Medical School, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
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24
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Luo H, Galvão DA, Newton RU, Tang CI, Hart NH, Singh F, Dean A, Jasas K, Johansson M, Yusoff I, Spry N, Taaffe DR. Evaluation of a Clinic-Based Exercise Program in Patients with Pancreatic Cancer Undergoing Nonsurgical Treatment. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2023; 55:9-19. [PMID: 35941522 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000003019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Evidence regarding the role of exercise in pancreatic cancer (PanCa) is limited and is derived exclusively under tightly controlled research conditions. This study aimed to quantify adherence, adverse events, and changes in physical and psychological outcomes in any patients with PanCa referred to undertake exercise during nonsurgical treatment. METHODS The study involved 22 patients with localized or metastatic PanCa undertaking a clinic-based exercise program during chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy. The program included supervised aerobic and resistance exercise undertaken twice weekly for 12 wk and a 12-wk follow-up with supervised exercise optional dependent on patient preference and condition. Patients were monitored for adherence and adverse events. Objective and patient-reported outcomes were assessed at baseline, 12 wk, and 24 wk. RESULTS A total of 251 sessions were attended by 19 patients over the first 12 wk (attendance rate, 55%). Complete case analyses indicated significant ( P < 0.05) improvements in functional ability (5.2%-17.2%), muscle strength (16.9%-25.1%), and static balance (6.8%). There were no significant changes in body composition or patient-reported outcomes except for sleep quality, which deteriorated; however, at an individual level, several patients had clinically relevant improvements in cancer-related fatigue and quality of life. Patients who continued with supervised exercise to week 24 largely preserved improvements in functional ability, muscle strength, and static balance. No serious adverse events resulted from the exercise program. CONCLUSIONS Individualized, supervised aerobic and resistance exercise in a clinic-based setting appears to be safe and may improve or maintain physical and psychological health in patients with PanCa undergoing nonsurgical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Andrew Dean
- Department of Oncology, St John of God Subiaco Hospital, Subiaco, WA, AUSTRALIA
| | - Kevin Jasas
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA, AUSTRALIA
| | - Mikael Johansson
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA, AUSTRALIA
| | - Ian Yusoff
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA, AUSTRALIA
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25
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Poulos N, Haff GG, Nibali M, Graham-Smith P, Newton RU. Comparison of the Potentiating Effect of Variable Load Jump Squats on Acute Drop Jump Performance in Rugby Sevens Athletes. J Strength Cond Res 2023; 37:149-160. [PMID: 36515600 DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000004214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Poulos, N, Haff, GG, Nibali, M, Graham-Smith, P, and Newton, RU. Comparison of the potentiating effect of variable load jump squats on acute drop jump performance in rugby sevens athletes. J Strength Cond Res 37(1): 149-160, 2023-The effect of variable load jump squats (JSs) on acute drop jump (DJ) performance across multiple sets was examined. Seventeen elite rugby sevens athletes performed 3 DJs after 3 repetitions of a JS conditioning activity (CA) performed at 30 or 50% 1RM back squat loads. Acute postactivation performance enhancement (PAPE) in DJ kinetic and kinematic variables was assessed using a commercially available force platform (1,000 Hz). Postactivation performance enhancement was predominant after the 30% 1RM load with the greatest frequency of potentiation exhibited in set 3. The 50% 1RM CA resulted in substantial decrements in DJ performance with the exception of active stiffness, reactive strength index (flight:contact time), and contact time. Moderate differences were observed between the 50 and 30% 1RM loads for peak power (W), impulse (N·s), and force at zero velocity (N); active stiffness was the only variable where PAPE was greater in the 50% 1RM CA (ES: small). Active stiffness was the only variable to display favorable associations with relative strength in both the JS 30% 1RM (ES: 0.38 ± 0.20; moderate) and 50% 1RM (ES: 0.24 ± 0.23; small) CA loads. The JS 30% 1RM CA results in greater magnitude and frequency of PAPE of DJ kinetic and kinematic variables and is recommended if seeking to target PAPE in a range of DJ performance variables. Heavier JS loads may be appropriate if enhancement of muscle stiffness and stretch-shortening cycle efficiency is required. Consideration of targeted kinetic and kinematic variables when selecting CA intensity in complex training design is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nick Poulos
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia.,Greater Western Sydney Giants Football Club, New South Wales, Australia
| | - G Gregory Haff
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Maria Nibali
- Modus Innovations, New South Wales, Australia; and
| | | | - Robert U Newton
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
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26
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Fleay B, Singh F, Saunders C, Taaffe DR, Galvão DA, Newton RU, Fox-Harding C. Exercise medicine considerations for pregnancy-associated breast cancer: Characteristics, prognosis and treatment. Womens Health (Lond) 2023; 19:17455057231161483. [PMID: 36999310 PMCID: PMC10071217 DOI: 10.1177/17455057231161483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer in women worldwide and is the most common cancer diagnosis made during pregnancy or in the postpartum period. When breast cancer is diagnosed either during pregnancy or in the first-year postpartum, it is referred to as pregnancy-associated breast cancer. The aim of this review is to assess existing literature regarding the recommendations and outcomes of participating in exercise for people with pregnancy-associated breast cancer. The occurrence of pregnancy-associated breast cancer is increasing as a growing number of women delay first pregnancies. Women undergoing treatment for pregnancy-associated breast cancer are dealing with both cancer and its treatment as well as a pregnancy or postpartum period, and often encounter symptoms associated with cancer diagnosis and treatment, such as nausea, pain and fatigue while simultaneously navigating a pregnancy or early motherhood. These experiences can be barriers to participating in exercise, despite exercise being associated with numerous benefits for both pregnancy health and breast cancer outcomes. Numerous studies report the benefits of exercising during breast cancer treatment in ameliorating associated symptoms, and some studies report that engaging in exercise can lead to healthier and lower risk pregnancies. However, there is a lack of consensus around appropriate exercise programmes for this specific population. Given the associated benefits of participating in exercise for both breast cancer patients and pregnant/postpartum women as separate groups, research into exercise medicine designed specifically for the pregnancy-associated breast cancer population is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brianna Fleay
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - Favil Singh
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - Christobel Saunders
- Department of Surgery, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Melbourne Medical School, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Dennis R Taaffe
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - Daniel A Galvão
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - Robert U Newton
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Caitlin Fox-Harding
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
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Mavropalias G, Cormie P, Peddle-McIntyre CJ, Galvão DA, Taaffe DR, Schofield C, Ray S, Zissiadis Y, Newton RU. The effects of home-based exercise therapy for breast cancer-related fatigue induced by radical radiotherapy. Breast Cancer 2023; 30:139-150. [PMID: 36239907 DOI: 10.1007/s12282-022-01408-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Radiotherapy (RT) can lead to cancer-related fatigue (CRF) and decreased health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in breast cancer patients. The purpose of this trial was to examine the feasibility and efficacy of a home-based resistance and aerobic exercise intervention for reducing CRF and improving HRQoL in breast cancer patients during RT. METHODS Women with breast cancer (N = 106) commencing RT were randomized to 12 weeks of home-based resistance and aerobic exercise (EX) or usual care/control (CON). The primary endpoint was CRF, with secondary endpoints of HRQoL, sleep duration and quality, and physical activity. Measurements were undertaken prior to RT, at completion of RT (~ 6 weeks), at completion of the intervention (12 weeks), and 6 and 12 months after RT completion, while CRF was also measured weekly during RT. RESULTS Eighty-nine women completed the study (EX = 43, CON = 46). Over the 12-week intervention, EX completed 1-2 resistance training sessions and accumulated 30-40 min of aerobic exercise weekly. For CRF, EX had a quicker recovery both during and post-RT compared to CON (p < 0.05). Moreover, there was a significant difference in HRQoL between groups at RT completion, with HRQoL unchanged in CON and higher in EX (p < 0.05). There was no change in sleep duration or quality for either group and there were no exercise-related adverse effects. CONCLUSIONS Home-based resistance and aerobic exercise during RT is safe, feasible, and effective in accelerating CRF recovery and improving HRQoL. Improvements in CRF and HRQoL for these patients can be achieved with smaller exercise dosages than stated in the generic recommendations for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Mavropalias
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup, WA, 6027, Australia.,School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Australia.,Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics, and Centre for Healthy Aging, Health Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Perth, Australia.,Discipline of Exercise Science, Murdoch University, Perth, Australia
| | - Prue Cormie
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Carolyn J Peddle-McIntyre
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup, WA, 6027, Australia.,School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Australia
| | - Daniel A Galvão
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup, WA, 6027, Australia.,School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Australia
| | - Dennis R Taaffe
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup, WA, 6027, Australia.,School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Australia
| | - Christelle Schofield
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup, WA, 6027, Australia.,School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Australia
| | - Sharon Ray
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Genesis Cancer Care, Perth, Australia
| | - Yvonne Zissiadis
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Genesis Cancer Care, Perth, Australia
| | - Robert U Newton
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup, WA, 6027, Australia. .,School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Australia. .,School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
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Galvão DA, Taaffe DR, Kim JS, Newton RU, Lucia A. Can exercise increase natural killer cell infiltration of the prostate? BJU Int 2023; 131:1-3. [PMID: 36546724 DOI: 10.1111/bju.15904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel A Galvão
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia.,School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - Dennis R Taaffe
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia.,School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - Jin-Soo Kim
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia.,School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - Robert U Newton
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia.,School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - Alejandro Lucia
- Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Physical Activity and Health Research Group ('PaHerg'), Research Institute of the Hospital 12 de Octubre ('imas12'), Madrid, Spain
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McCaskie CJ, Sim M, Newton RU, Heasman J, Rogalski B, Hart NH. Preseason Body Composition Is Associated With In-season Player Availability in Elite Male Australian Footballers. J Strength Cond Res 2022; 37:1089-1095. [PMID: 36730574 DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000004368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT McCaskie, CJ, Sim, M, Newton, RU, Heasman, J, Rogalski, B, and Hart, NH. Preseason body composition is associated with in-season player availability in elite male Australian footballers. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000-000, 2022-The purpose of this study was to examine whether end of preseason body composition characteristics was associated with in-season match availability and injury. Sixty (n = 60) elite Australian football players had body composition characteristics assessed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry across 3 seasons (2016, 2018, and 2021). Match availability and injury were recorded throughout each season. Pearson's correlations were calculated to assess the associations between body composition and in-season match availability and injury. Logistic regression models were used to assess the odds of missing games as a result of injury throughout a season. Regional lean soft tissue mass asymmetry and its relationship to injury and availability was explored. Statistical significance was set at p ≤ 0.05. Body composition characteristics expressed as relative values seemed to be more highly associated with in-season availability and injury than characteristics expressed as absolute values. Players with lower relative fat mass (FM) (<12.1% total body FM) were available for 89.7% of in-season matches compared with 80.7% for players with higher relative FM (>12.1% total body FM). Subsequently, players with higher relative FM had 3.3-3.5 times greater odds of missing one game to injury (odds ratio [OR] = 3.33; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.00-11.14; p ≤ 0.05) and missing 2 or more games to injury (OR = 3.50; 95% CI = 1.20-10.20; p ≤ 0.05) throughout a season compared with players with lower relative FM. Higher proportions of fat mass may accelerate the onset of fatigue and place players at a greater risk of injury. Reducing players' FM across the preseason phase should be a key aim for practitioners to reduce the odds of injury throughout the competitive season.
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Affiliation(s)
- Callum J McCaskie
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia.,West Coast Eagles Football Club, Perth, Australia
| | - Marc Sim
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia.,Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Robert U Newton
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia.,Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia.,School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | | | | | - Nicolas H Hart
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia.,Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia.,Caring Futures Institute, College of Nursing and Health Science, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia.,Institute for Health Research, University of Notre Dame Australia, Perth, Australia; and.,Centre for Healthcare Transformation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
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30
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Newton RU, Hart NH, Galvão DA, Taaffe DR, Saad F. Prostate cancer treatment with exercise medicine. Trends Urol & Men's Health 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/tre.884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Fred Saad
- University of Montreal Hospital Centre Canada
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McCaskie CJ, Sim M, Newton RU, Heasman J, Rogalski B, Hart NH. Pre-season body composition has minimal influence on in-season match availability, and match performance in female Australian Football League (AFLW) players. Front Sports Act Living 2022; 4:963946. [PMID: 36385784 PMCID: PMC9644158 DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2022.963946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
This study examined the relationship between pre-season body composition, in-season match performance, and match availability in female players competing in the Australian Football League Women's (AFLW) competition. With the outlawing of body composition assessments as part of pre-draft player evaluations in the AFLW, this study seeks to examine whether this is justified. Twenty-two (n = 22) players had body composition assessed with dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry at the beginning of the 2021 AFLW pre-season (whole-body and regional fat mass and lean soft-tissue mass [LSTM]). In-season match availability and match performance data (Coaches Score [CS], Champion Data Player Rank, average disposals, disposal and kicking efficiency) were collected throughout the 2021 competition. Pearson correlations were performed to assess if associations existed between body composition and in-season match performance and availability. A median split was performed to divide players into higher and lower performing groups for match performance variables. Two-sample independent t-tests were then used to assess differences between groups. No body composition characteristics could differentiate between in-season match availability groups (100% availability vs. <100% availability) or higher and lower performing groups for all match performance variables. Total leg LSTM asymmetry shared a moderate negative association with CS. Body composition may not be important for determining in-season match availability and performance in female AFLW players. Thus, the repercussions following the removal of pre-draft body composition assessments across the league may not be as significant as is currently perceived. Other physiological, biomechanical, or performance qualities are more variable and may mask the effect of body composition in these players. AFLW practitioners should prioritize the development of other important attributes, such as aerobic fitness, muscular strength and power, and technical skill.
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Affiliation(s)
- Callum J. McCaskie
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
- West Coast Eagles Football Club, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Marc Sim
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
- School of Human Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Robert U. Newton
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
- Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | | | | | - Nicolas H. Hart
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
- Institute for Health Research, University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, WA, Australia
- Faculty of Health, School of Nursing, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Caring Futures Institute, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
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Kennedy MA, Bayes S, Newton RU, Zissiadis Y, Spry NA, Taaffe DR, Hart NH, Galvão DA. Building the plane while it's flying: implementation lessons from integrating a co-located exercise clinic into oncology care. BMC Health Serv Res 2022; 22:1235. [PMID: 36203189 PMCID: PMC9535901 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-022-08607-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 08/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Despite its therapeutic role during cancer treatment, exercise is not routinely integrated into care and implementation efforts are largely absent from the literature. The aim of this study was to evaluate a strategy to integrate the workflow of a co-located exercise clinic into routine care within a private oncology setting in two clinics in the metropolitan region of Western Australia. Methods This prospective evaluation utilised a mixed methods approach to summarise lessons learned during the implementation of an integrated exercise workflow and supporting implementation plan. Data collection was informed by the RE-AIM (Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, Maintenance) framework. Reports detailing utilisation of the exercise service and its referral pathways, as well as patient surveys and meeting minutes documenting the implementation process informed the evaluation. Results The co-located exercise service achieved integration into routine care within the clinical oncology setting. Patient utilisation was near capacity (reach) and 100% of clinicians referred to the service during the 13-month evaluation period (adoption). Moreover, ongoing adaptations were made to improve the program (implementation) and workflows were integrated into standard operating practices at the clinic (maintenance). The workflow performed as intended for ~70% of exercise participants (effectiveness); however, gaps were identified in utilisation of the workflow by both patients and clinicians. Conclusion Integration of exercise into standard oncology care is possible, but it requires the ongoing commitment of multiple stakeholders across an organisation. The integrated workflow and supporting implementation plan greatly improved utilisation of the co-located exercise service, demonstrating the importance of targeted implementation planning. However, challenges regarding workflow fidelity within and across sites limited its success highlighting the complexities inherent in integrating exercise into clinical oncology care in a real-world setting. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12913-022-08607-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary A Kennedy
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup, Perth, WA, 6027, Australia. .,School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup, Perth, WA, 6027, Australia.
| | - Sara Bayes
- School of Nursing, Midwifery and Paramedicine, Australian Catholic University, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia.,School of Nursing and Midwifery, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Robert U Newton
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup, Perth, WA, 6027, Australia.,School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup, Perth, WA, 6027, Australia
| | - Yvonne Zissiadis
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup, Perth, WA, 6027, Australia.,GenesisCare, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Nigel A Spry
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup, Perth, WA, 6027, Australia.,School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup, Perth, WA, 6027, Australia.,GenesisCare, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Dennis R Taaffe
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup, Perth, WA, 6027, Australia.,School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup, Perth, WA, 6027, Australia
| | - Nicolas H Hart
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup, Perth, WA, 6027, Australia.,School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup, Perth, WA, 6027, Australia.,Caring Futures Institute, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Daniel A Galvão
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup, Perth, WA, 6027, Australia.,School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup, Perth, WA, 6027, Australia
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Jongenelis MI, Jackson B, Newton RU, Pettigrew S. Likeability and perceived effectiveness of messages designed to encourage physical activity participation among older adults. Health Promot J Austr 2022; 33 Suppl 1:266-270. [PMID: 35119157 PMCID: PMC9790198 DOI: 10.1002/hpja.578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
ISSUE ADDRESSED Older adults are significantly less likely than their younger counterparts to engage in physical activity. Comprehensive policies to support healthy ageing thus need to include components encouraging greater participation in physical activity in later life. This study tested potential messages for use in health communication campaigns aimed at increasing physical activity among older adults. METHODS Twelve written messages designed to encourage older adults to increase their levels of physical activity were rated by Australians aged 60-92 years (n = 369; 54% female) on the variables of likeability and perceived effectiveness. RESULTS Ratings for all the tested messages were high across both outcome variables. The message Move more, live longer scored most favourably, with large majorities of participants liking this message (87%) and considering it effective (81%). Messages featuring rhyming or alliteration were rated significantly higher on both outcomes than messages without these attributes (all Ps < .001). CONCLUSIONS Results provide insights into the types of messages that are likely to be accepted by older adults. Statements that use the phonological patterns of rhyming or alliteration are likely to be especially well received. SO WHAT?: Increasing participation in physical activity among older adults is critical to promoting the sustainability of health care systems and enhancing quality of life. The specific messaging attributes identified in the present study as being effective could be used by public health practitioners to inform their approach to physical activity messaging to older adults and incorporated into future health communication campaigns to increase their potential effectiveness with this target group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle I. Jongenelis
- Melbourne Centre for Behaviour ChangeMelbourne School of Psychological SciencesUniversity of MelbourneParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
| | - Ben Jackson
- School of Human Sciences (Exercise and Sports Science)The University of Western AustraliaPerthWestern AustraliaAustralia,Telethon Kids InstitutePerthWestern AustraliaAustralia
| | - Robert U. Newton
- School of Medical and Health SciencesEdith Cowan UniversityJoondalupWestern AustraliaAustralia
| | - Simone Pettigrew
- The George Institute for Global HealthUniversity of New South WalesNewtownNew South WalesAustralia
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McCaskie CJ, Sim M, Newton RU, Heasman J, Rogalski B, Hart NH. Correction: Characterising lower-body musculoskeletal morphology and whole-body composition of elite female and male Australian Football players. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil 2022; 14:171. [PMID: 36138423 PMCID: PMC9502909 DOI: 10.1186/s13102-022-00564-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Callum J McCaskie
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Drive, 6027, Joondalup, Perth, WA, Australia. .,West Coast Eagles Football Club, Perth, WA, Australia.
| | - Marc Sim
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Drive, 6027, Joondalup, Perth, WA, Australia.,Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Robert U Newton
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Drive, 6027, Joondalup, Perth, WA, Australia.,Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, Australia.,School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | | | | | - Nicolas H Hart
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Drive, 6027, Joondalup, Perth, WA, Australia.,Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, Australia.,Caring Futures Institute, College of Nursing and Health Science, Flinders University Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,Institute for Health Research, University of Notre Dame Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.,Centre for Healthcare Transformation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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James LP, Talpey SW, Young WB, Geneau MC, Newton RU, Gastin PB. Strength Classification and Diagnosis: Not All Strength Is Created Equal. Strength Cond J 2022. [DOI: 10.1519/ssc.0000000000000744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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McCaskie CJ, Sim M, Newton RU, Heasman J, Rogalski B, Hart NH. Characterising lower-body musculoskeletal morphology and whole-body composition of elite female and male Australian Football players. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil 2022; 14:168. [PMID: 36068592 PMCID: PMC9450395 DOI: 10.1186/s13102-022-00561-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical demands and injury rates differ between elite female and male Australian Football (AF) players. To improve understanding of contributing physical factors to these differences, the purpose of this study was to investigate lower-body morphology and whole-body composition of elite footballers competing in the Australian Football League (AFL) and Australian Football League Women's (AFLW). METHODS Lower-body morphology and whole-body composition of 23 AFL players and 23 AFLW players were assessed using peripheral Quantitative Computed Tomography and Dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry at the beginning of pre-season. Differences between cohorts, with sub-analyses of kicking vs. support limbs, and experienced vs. inexperienced player status were assessed using two-sample independent t-tests. Magnitude of differences were assessed using Cohen's d effect sizes. RESULTS AFL players had greater absolute (p < 0.001; ES = 3.28) and relative (p < 0.001; ES = 2.29) whole body lean soft-tissue mass, with less absolute (p = 0.004; ES = 0.91) and relative (p < 0.001; ES = 2.29) fat mass than AFLW players. For AFLW players, no significant differences existed between kicking and support limbs with few differences observed between experienced and inexperienced players. CONCLUSIONS Greater emphasis on physical development in AFLW players may be required to enable increases in muscle mass and skeletal robustness, to ensure they can tolerate the loads of elite competition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Callum J McCaskie
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup, Perth, WA, 6027, Australia.
- West Coast Eagles Football Club, Perth, WA, Australia.
| | - Marc Sim
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup, Perth, WA, 6027, Australia
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Robert U Newton
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup, Perth, WA, 6027, Australia
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, Australia
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | | | | | - Nicolas H Hart
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup, Perth, WA, 6027, Australia
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, Australia
- Caring Futures Institute, College of Nursing and Health Science, Flinders University Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Institute for Health Research, University of Notre Dame Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
- Centre for Healthcare Transformation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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Lopez P, Radaelli R, Taaffe DR, Galvão DA, Newton RU, Nonemacher ER, Wendt VM, Bassanesi RN, Turella DJP, Rech A. Moderators of Resistance Training Effects in Overweight and Obese Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2022; 54:1804-1816. [DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000002984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Caldwell LK, Kraemer WJ, Post EM, Volek JS, Focht BC, Newton RU, Häkkinen K, Maresh CM. Acute Floatation-REST Improves Perceived Recovery After a High-Intensity Resistance Exercise Stress in Trained Men. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2022; 54:1371-1381. [PMID: 35389942 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000002906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of the present investigation was to determine whether a 1-h floatation-restricted environmental stimulation therapy (floatation-REST) session could augment recovery from high-intensity resistance exercise (6 × 10 back squats, 2-min rest) known to induce significant metabolic, adrenergic, and mechanical stress. METHODS Eleven healthy resistance-trained males (age, 22.5 ± 2.3 yr; height, 176.4 ± 6.0 cm; weight, 85.7 ± 6.2 kg; back squat one-repetition maximum, 153.1 ± 20.1 kg; strength-to-weight ratio, 1.8 ± 0.2) completed the within-subject, crossover controlled study design. Participants completed two exercise testing blocks separated by a 2-wk washout. In one block, the high-intensity resistance exercise protocol was followed by a 1-h floatation-REST session, whereas recovery in the alternate block consisted of a passive sensory-stimulating control. Markers of metabolic stress, neuroendocrine signaling, structural damage, inflammation, and perceptions of soreness, mood state, and fatigue were assessed over a 48-h recovery window. RESULTS Floatation-REST significantly attenuated muscle soreness across recovery ( P = 0.035) with greatest treatment difference immediately after the intervention ( P = 0.002, effect size (ES) = 1.3). Significant differences in norepinephrine ( P = 0.028, ES = 0.81) and testosterone ( P = 0.028, ES = 0.81) immediately after treatment revealed the modification of neuroendocrine signaling pathways, which were accompanied by greater improvements in mood disturbance ( P = 0.029, ES = 0.81) and fatigue ( P = 0.001, ES = 1.04). CONCLUSIONS Because no adverse effects and significant and meaningful benefits were observed, floatation-REST may prove a valuable intervention for managing soreness and enhancing performance readiness after exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jeff S Volek
- Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Brian C Focht
- Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Robert U Newton
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute and the School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, AUSTRALIA
| | - Keijo Häkkinen
- Neuromuscular Research Center, Biology of Physical Activity, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, FINLAND
| | - Carl M Maresh
- Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
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Kraemer WJ, Caldwell LK, Post EM, Beeler MK, Emerson A, Volek JS, Maresh CM, Fogt JS, Fogt N, Häkkinen K, Newton RU, Lopez P, Sanchez BN, Onate JA. Arousal/Stress Effects of "Overwatch" eSports Game Competition in Collegiate Gamers. J Strength Cond Res 2022; 36:2671-2675. [PMID: 35876429 DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000004319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Kraemer, WJ, Caldwell, LK, Post, EM, Beeler, MK, Emerson, A, Volek, JS, Maresh, CM, Fogt, JS, Fogt, N, Häkkinen, K, Newton, RU, Lopez, P, Sanchez, BN, and Onate, JA. Arousal/stress effects of "Overwatch" eSports game competition in collegiate gamers. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000-000, 2022-To date, no physical response data are available for one of the most popular eSport games, Overwatch. The purpose of this investigation was to describe the stress signaling associated with competitive Overwatch play and to understand how acute hormonal responses may affect performance. Thirty-two male college-aged gamers (age: 21.3 ± 2.7 years; estimated time played per week: 18 ± 15 hours) completed the study. Subjects were randomly assigned to a 6-player team to compete in a tournament-style match. Salivary measures of cortisol and testosterone were collected immediately before (PRE) and after (POST) the first-round game, with the heart rate recorded continuously during the match. The mean characteristics were calculated for each variable and comparisons made by the skill level. Significance was defined as p ≤ 0.05. There were no differences in measures of salivary cortisol. A differential response pattern was observed by the skill level for testosterone. The low skill group displayed a significant increase in testosterone with game play (mean ± SD, testosterone PRE: 418.3 ± 89.5 pmol·L-1, POST: 527.6 ± 132.4 pmol·L-1, p < 0.001), whereas no change was observed in the high skill group. There were no differences in heart rate characteristics between skill groups. Overall, the average heart rate was 107.2 ± 17.8 bpm with an average max heart rate of 133.3 ± 19.1 bpm. This study provides unique physiological evidence that a sedentary Overwatch match modulates endocrine and cardiovascular responses, with the skill level emerging as a potential modulator.
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Affiliation(s)
- William J Kraemer
- Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio.,Human Performance Collaborative, Office of Research, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio.,Exercise Medicine Research Institute.,School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - Lydia K Caldwell
- Applied Physiology Laboratory, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas
| | - Emily M Post
- Exercise Science Department, Ohio Dominican, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Matthew K Beeler
- Department of Exercise Science, Hastings College, Hastings, Nebraska
| | - Angela Emerson
- Human Performance Collaborative, Office of Research, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Jeff S Volek
- Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Carl M Maresh
- Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Jennifer S Fogt
- Human Performance Collaborative, Office of Research, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio.,The College of Optometry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Nick Fogt
- Human Performance Collaborative, Office of Research, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio.,The College of Optometry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Keijo Häkkinen
- Neuromuscular Research Center, Biology of Physical Activity, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Robert U Newton
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute.,School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - Pedro Lopez
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute.,School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - Barbara N Sanchez
- Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - James A Onate
- Human Performance Collaborative, Office of Research, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio.,School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio; and.,Jameson Crane Sports Medicine Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
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Post EM, Kraemer WJ, Kackley ML, Caldwell LK, Volek JS, Sanchez BN, Focht BC, Newton RU, Häkkinen K, Maresh CM. The Effects of Resistance Training on Physical Fitness and Neuromotor-Cognitive Functions in Adults With Down Syndrome. Front Rehabilit Sci 2022; 3:927629. [PMID: 36189007 PMCID: PMC9397808 DOI: 10.3389/fresc.2022.927629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Adults with Down syndrome are an underserved population at high risk for a host of different pathologies from aging and lack of activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily M. Post
- Department of Exercise Science, Ohio Dominican University, Columbus, OH, United States
- Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - William J. Kraemer
- Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, and School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
- *Correspondence: William J. Kraemer
| | - Madison L. Kackley
- Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Lydia K. Caldwell
- Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
- Kinesiology, Health Promotion and Recreation, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, United States
| | - Jeff S. Volek
- Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Barbara N. Sanchez
- Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Brian C. Focht
- Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Robert U. Newton
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, and School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - Keijo Häkkinen
- Neuromuscular Research Center, Biology of Physical Activity, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Carl M. Maresh
- Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
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Hart NH, Poprawski DM, Ashbury F, Fitch MI, Chan RJ, Newton RU, Campbell KL. Exercise for people with bone metastases: MASCC endorsed clinical recommendations developed by the International Bone Metastases Exercise Working Group. Support Care Cancer 2022; 30:7061-7065. [PMID: 35710641 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-022-07212-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas H Hart
- Caring Futures Institute, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia. .,Cancer and Palliative Care Outcomes Centre, School of Nursing, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. .,Exercise Medicine Research Institute, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, Australia. .,Institute for Health Research, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.
| | - Dagmara M Poprawski
- Department of Oncology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.,College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Fred Ashbury
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Oncology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Margaret I Fitch
- Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Raymond J Chan
- Caring Futures Institute, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,Cancer and Palliative Care Outcomes Centre, School of Nursing, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Robert U Newton
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, Australia.,School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Kristin L Campbell
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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Galvão DA, Taaffe DR, Hayne D, Lopez P, Lyons-Wall P, Tang CI, Chambers SK, Devine A, Spry N, Jeffery E, Kudiarasu C, Joseph D, Newton RU. Weight loss for overweight and obese patients with prostate cancer: a study protocol of a randomised trial comparing clinic-based versus Telehealth delivered EXercise and nutrition intervention (the TelEX trial). BMJ Open 2022; 12:e058899. [PMID: 35667725 PMCID: PMC9171278 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-058899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Obese men with prostate cancer have an increased risk of biochemical recurrence, metastatic disease and mortality. For those undergoing androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), substantial increases in fat mass are observed in the first year of treatment. Recently, we showed that a targeted supervised clinic-based exercise and nutrition intervention can result in a substantial reduction in fat mass with muscle mass preserved in ADT-treated patients. However, the intervention needs to be accessible to all patients and not just those who can access a supervised clinic-based programme. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of telehealth delivered compared with supervised clinic-based delivered exercise and nutrition intervention in overweight/obese patients with prostate cancer. METHODS AND ANALYSIS A single-blinded, two-arm parallel group, non-inferiority randomised trial will be undertaken with 104 overweight/obese men with prostate cancer (body fat percentage ≥25%) randomly allocated in a ratio of 1:1 to a telehealth-delivered, virtually supervised exercise and nutrition programme or a clinic-based, face-to-face supervised exercise and nutrition programme. Exercise will consist of supervised resistance and aerobic exercise performed three times a week plus additional self-directed aerobic exercise performed 4 days/week for the first 6 months. Thereafter, for months 7-12, the programmes will be self-managed. The primary endpoint will be fat mass. Secondary endpoints include lean mass and abdominal aortic calcification, anthropometric measures and blood pressure assessment, objective measures of physical function and physical activity levels, patient-reported outcomes and blood markers. Measurements will be undertaken at baseline, 6 months (post intervention), and at 12 months of follow-up. Data will be analysed using intention-to-treat and per protocol approaches. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethics approval has been obtained from the Edith Cowan University Human Research Ethics Committee (ID: 2021-02157-GALVAO). Outcomes from the study will be published in academic journals and presented in scientific and consumer meetings. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ACTRN12621001312831.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel A Galvão
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Dennis R Taaffe
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Dickon Hayne
- School of Surgery, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Urology Department, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Pedro Lopez
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - P Lyons-Wall
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Colin I Tang
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Suzanne K Chambers
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Amanda Devine
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
- Nutrition and Health Innovation Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Nigel Spry
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Emily Jeffery
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Christine Kudiarasu
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - David Joseph
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Robert U Newton
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
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Häkkinen K, Newton RU, Walker S, Häkkinen A, Krapi S, Rekola R, Koponen P, Kraemer WJ, Haff GG, Blazevich AJ, Nosaka K, Ahtiainen J. Effects of Upper Body Eccentric versus Concentric Strength Training and Detraining on Maximal Force, Muscle Activation, Hypertrophy and Serum Hormones in Women. J Sports Sci Med 2022; 21:200-213. [PMID: 35719226 PMCID: PMC9157521 DOI: 10.52082/jssm.2022.200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Effects of eccentric (ECC) versus concentric (CON) strength training of the upper body performed twice a week for 10 weeks followed by detraining for five weeks on maximal force, muscle activation, muscle mass and serum hormone concentrations were investigated in young women (n = 11 and n = 12). One-repetition bench press (1RM), maximal isometric force and surface electromyography (EMG) of triceps brachii (TB), anterior deltoid (AD) and pectoralis major (PM), cross-sectional area (CSA) of TB (Long (LoH) and Lateral Head (LaH)) and thickness of PM, as well as serum concentrations of free testosterone, cortisol, follicle-stimulating hormone, estradiol and sex hormone-binding globulin were measured. ECC and CON training led to increases of 17.2 ± 11.3% (p < 0.001) and 13.1 ± 5.7% (p < 0.001) in 1RM followed by decreases of -6.6 ± 3.6% (p < 0.01) and -8.0 ± 4.5% (p < 0.001) during detraining, respectively. Isometric force increased in ECC by 11.4 ± 9.6 % (p < 0.05) from week 5 to 10, while the change in CON by 3.9±6.8% was not significant and a between group difference was noted (p < 0.05). Maximal total integrated EMG of trained muscles increased only in the whole subject group (p < 0.05). CSA of TB (LoH) increased in ECC by 8.7 ± 8.0% (p < 0.001) and in CON by 3.4 ± 1.6% (p < 0.01) and differed between groups (p < 0.05), and CSA of TB (LaH) in ECC by 15.7 ± 8.0% (p < 0.001) and CON by 9.7 ± 6.6% (p < 0.001). PM thickness increased in ECC by 17.7 ± 10.9% (p < 0.001) and CON by 14.0 ± 5.9% (p < 0.001). Total muscle sum value (LoH + LaH + PM) increased in ECC by 12.4 ± 6.9% (p < 0.001) and in CON by 7.1 ± 2.9% (p < 0.001) differing between groups (p < 0.05) and decreased during detraining in ECC by -6.5 ± 4.3% (p < 0.001) and CON by -6.1 ± 2.8% (p < 0.001). The post detraining combined sum value of CSA and thickness was in ECC higher (p < 0.05) than at pre training. No changes were detected in serum hormone concentrations, but baseline free testosterone levels in the ECC and CON group combined correlated with changes in 1RM (r = 0.520, p < 0.016) during training. Large neuromuscular adaptations of the upper body occurred in women during ECC, and CON training in 10 weeks. Isometric force increased only in response to ECC, and total muscle sum value increased more during ECC than CON training. However, no changes occurred in serum hormones, but individual serum-free testosterone baseline concentrations correlated with changes in 1RM during strength training in the entire group. Both groups showed significant decreases in neuromuscular performance and muscle mass during detraining, while post detraining muscle sum value was only in ECC significantly higher than at pre training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keijo Häkkinen
- Neuromuscular Research Center, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Robert U Newton
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Australia
| | - Simon Walker
- Neuromuscular Research Center, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Arja Häkkinen
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Sonja Krapi
- Neuromuscular Research Center, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Rebekka Rekola
- Neuromuscular Research Center, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Päivi Koponen
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - William J Kraemer
- Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH and Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Australia
| | - G Gregory Haff
- Centre for Human Performance, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Australia
| | - Anthony J Blazevich
- Centre for Human Performance, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Australia
| | - Kazunori Nosaka
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Australia
- Centre for Human Performance, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Australia
| | - Juha Ahtiainen
- Neuromuscular Research Center, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Finland
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Schumacher O, Galvão DA, Taaffe DR, Spry N, Hayne D, Tang C, Chee R, Newton RU. Nationwide Industry-Led Community Exercise Program for Men With Locally Advanced, Relapsed, or Metastatic Prostate Cancer on Androgen-Deprivation Therapy. JCO Oncol Pract 2022; 18:e1334-e1341. [PMID: 35584353 PMCID: PMC9377716 DOI: 10.1200/op.21.00745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Androgen-deprivation therapy in patients with prostate cancer (PCa) is associated with considerable side effects and secondary comorbidities such as overweight/obesity and cardiovascular disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of an industry-led, treatment-integrated, community-based exercise program on outcomes of body weight, cardiovascular health, and physical function. PATIENTS AND METHODS PCa patients with locally advanced, relapsed, or metastatic disease receiving leuprorelin acetate were enrolled across multiple sites in Australia and assigned supervised group exercise undertaken weekly or biweekly (ie, 16 exercise sessions in total) for 10-18 weeks, consisting of aerobic and resistance training performed at moderate-to-vigorous intensity. RESULTS Between 2014 and 2020, 760 participants completed the baseline and follow-up assessment. Participants were age 48-94 years, and most were either overweight (42.1%) or obese (38.1%). Program compliance was high, with 90% of participants completing all 16 exercise sessions. There was a small but significant reduction in waist circumference (-0.9 cm; 95% CI [-1.2 to -0.5]; P < .001) and no change in weight or body mass index. Systolic (-3.7 mmHg; 95% CI [-4.8 to -2.6]; P < .001) and diastolic (-1.7 mmHg; 95% CI [-2.3 to -1.0]; P < .001) blood pressure were significantly lower after the program. Furthermore, significant improvements were seen in cardiorespiratory fitness and muscle strength (P < .001). For most of the investigated outcomes, participants with poorer initial measures had the greatest benefit from participating in the program. CONCLUSION The community exercise program was feasible and effective in preventing weight gain, reducing blood pressure, and improving physical function in patients with PCa on androgen-deprivation therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Schumacher
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia.,School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - Daniel A Galvão
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia.,School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - Dennis R Taaffe
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia.,School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - Nigel Spry
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia.,School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - Dickon Hayne
- Medical School, Surgery, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.,Urology Department, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Murdoch, WA, Australia
| | - Colin Tang
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Raphael Chee
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia.,GenesisCare, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - Robert U Newton
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia.,School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
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Lopez P, Newton RU, Taaffe DR, Singh F, Lyons-Wall P, Buffart LM, Tang C, Hayne D, Galvão DA. Interventions for Improving Body Composition in Men with Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2022; 54:728-740. [PMID: 34935706 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000002843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To perform a systematic review and network meta-analysis to investigate the most effective intervention for improving body composition outcomes in prostate cancer patients during or after treatment. METHODS A systematic search was undertaken in multiple databases from inception to December 2020. Randomized clinical trials examining the effects of exercise/physical activity and/or nutrition interventions on body composition and body weight measures in prostate cancer patients were included. The primary endpoints were both whole-body and regional fat mass and lean mass measures, with body weight and BMI as secondary outcomes. A frequentist random-effects network meta-analysis was undertaken to examine the clustering effect of intervention modalities or control groups on the outcomes of interest. The study protocol is publicly available on PROSPERO (CRD42020202339). RESULTS Fifty articles describing 47 trials (n = 3207) were included. Resistance training and combined resistance and aerobic exercise were the most effective interventions to reduce body fat percentage (-0.9%; 95% confidence interval [CI], -1.4% to -0.3%) and fat mass (-0.5 kg; 95% CI, -0.9 to -0.1 kg), respectively. For whole-body and regional lean mass, combined resistance and aerobic exercise + healthy diet (0.6 kg; 95% CI, 0.1 to 1.0 kg) and resistance training alone (0.7 kg, 95% CI: 0.4 to 1.0 kg) were the best intervention, respectively. A low-fat diet was the most effective for reducing body weight immediately after or at follow-up, while no intervention promoted significant reductions in BMI. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that a resistance-based exercise program alone or combined with a general healthy diet are the most effective interventions for improving overall body composition in men with prostate cancer.
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Lopez P, Taaffe DR, Galvão DA, Newton RU, Nonemacher ER, Wendt VM, Bassanesi RN, Turella DJP, Rech A. Resistance training effectiveness on body composition and body weight outcomes in individuals with overweight and obesity across the lifespan: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Obes Rev 2022; 23:e13428. [PMID: 35191588 PMCID: PMC9285060 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
To systematically review and analyze the effects of resistance-based exercise programs on body composition, regional adiposity, and body weight in individuals with overweight/obesity across the lifespan. Using PRISMA guidelines, randomized controlled trials were searched in nine electronic databases up to December 2020. Meta-analyses were performed using random-effects model. One-hundred sixteen articles describing 114 trials (n = 4184 participants) were included. Interventions involving resistance training and caloric restriction were the most effective for reducing body fat percentage (ES = -3.8%, 95% CI: -4.7 to -2.9%, p < 0.001) and whole-body fat mass (ES = -5.3 kg, 95% CI: -7.2 to -3.5 kg, p < 0.001) compared with groups without intervention. Significant results were also observed following combined resistance and aerobic exercise (ES = -2.3% and -1.4 kg, p < 0.001) and resistance training alone (ES = -1.6% and -1.0 kg, p < 0.001) compared with no training controls. Resistance training alone was the most effective for increasing lean mass compared with no training controls (ES = 0.8 kg, 95% CI: 0.6 to 1.0 kg, p < 0.001), whereas lean mass was maintained following interventions involving resistance training and caloric restriction (ES = ~ - 0.3 kg, p = 0.550-0.727). Results were consistently observed across age and sex groups (p = 0.001-0.011). Reductions in regional adiposity and body weight measures were also observed following combined resistance and aerobic exercise and programs including caloric restriction (p < 0.001). In conclusion, this study provides evidence that resistance-based exercise programs are effective and should be considered within any multicomponent therapy program when caloric restriction is utilized in individuals with overweight or obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Lopez
- Exercise Medicine Research InstituteEdith Cowan UniversityJoondalupWestern AustraliaAustralia
- School of Medical and Health SciencesEdith Cowan UniversityJoondalupWestern AustraliaAustralia
| | - Dennis R. Taaffe
- Exercise Medicine Research InstituteEdith Cowan UniversityJoondalupWestern AustraliaAustralia
- School of Medical and Health SciencesEdith Cowan UniversityJoondalupWestern AustraliaAustralia
| | - Daniel A. Galvão
- Exercise Medicine Research InstituteEdith Cowan UniversityJoondalupWestern AustraliaAustralia
- School of Medical and Health SciencesEdith Cowan UniversityJoondalupWestern AustraliaAustralia
| | - Robert U. Newton
- Exercise Medicine Research InstituteEdith Cowan UniversityJoondalupWestern AustraliaAustralia
- School of Medical and Health SciencesEdith Cowan UniversityJoondalupWestern AustraliaAustralia
| | | | | | | | - Douglas J. P. Turella
- Centro Clínico UCSUniversidade de Caxias do SulCaxias do SulBrazil
- Curso de Educação FísicaUniversidade de Caxias do SulCaxias do SulBrazil
| | - Anderson Rech
- Curso de Educação FísicaUniversidade de Caxias do SulCaxias do SulBrazil
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Campbell KL, Cormie P, Weller S, Alibhai SMH, Bolam KA, Campbell A, Cheville AL, Dalzell MA, Hart NH, Higano CS, Lane K, Mansfield S, McNeely ML, Newton RU, Quist M, Rauw J, Rosenberger F, Santa Mina D, Schmitz KH, Winters-Stone KM, Wiskemann J, Goulart J. Exercise Recommendation for People With Bone Metastases: Expert Consensus for Health Care Providers and Exercise Professionals. JCO Oncol Pract 2022; 18:e697-e709. [PMID: 34990293 PMCID: PMC9810134 DOI: 10.1200/op.21.00454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Exercise has been underutilized in people with advanced or incurable cancer despite the potential to improve physical function and reduce psychosocial morbidity, especially for people with bone metastases because of concerns over skeletal complications. The International Bone Metastases Exercise Working Group (IBMEWG) was formed to develop best practice recommendations for exercise programming for people with bone metastases on the basis of published research, clinical experience, and expert opinion. METHODS The IBMEWG undertook sequential steps to inform the recommendations: (1) modified Delphi survey, (2) systematic review, (3) cross-sectional survey to physicians and nurse practitioners, (4) in-person meeting of IBMEWG to review evidence from steps 1-3 to develop draft recommendations, and (5) stakeholder engagement. RESULTS Recommendations emerged from the contributing evidence and IBMEWG discussion for pre-exercise screening, exercise testing, exercise prescription, and monitoring of exercise response. Identification of individuals who are potentially at higher risk of exercise-related skeletal complication is a complex interplay of these factors: (1) lesion-related, (2) cancer and cancer treatment-related, and (3) the person-related. Exercise assessment and prescription requires consideration of the location and presentation of bone lesion(s) and should be delivered by qualified exercise professionals with oncology education and exercise prescription experience. Emphasis on postural alignment, controlled movement, and proper technique is essential. CONCLUSION Ultimately, the perceived risk of skeletal complications should be weighed against potential health benefits on the basis of consultation between the person, health care team, and exercise professionals. These recommendations provide an initial framework to improve the integration of exercise programming into clinical care for people with bone metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin L. Campbell
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada,Kristin L. Campbell, PT, PhD, 212, 2177 Wesbrook Mall, Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z3; e-mail:
| | - Prue Cormie
- Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia,Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Australia
| | - Sarah Weller
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada,BC Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | - Mary-Ann Dalzell
- Oncology Division of the Canadian Physiotherapy Association, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Nicolas H. Hart
- Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Australia,Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | | | - Kirstin Lane
- University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
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48
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Coyne JOC, Coutts AJ, Newton RU, Haff GG. The Current State of Subjective Training Load Monitoring: Follow-Up and Future Directions. Sports Med Open 2022; 8:53. [PMID: 35426569 PMCID: PMC9012875 DOI: 10.1186/s40798-022-00433-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
This article addresses several key issues that have been raised related to subjective training load (TL) monitoring. These key issues include how TL is calculated if subjective TL can be used to model sports performance and where subjective TL monitoring fits into an overall decision-making framework for practitioners. Regarding how TL is calculated, there is conjecture over the most appropriate (1) acute and chronic period lengths, (2) smoothing methods for TL data and (3) change in TL measures (e.g., training stress balance (TSB), differential load, acute-to-chronic workload ratio). Variable selection procedures with measures of model-fit, like the Akaike Information Criterion, are suggested as a potential answer to these calculation issues with examples provided using datasets from two different groups of elite athletes prior to and during competition at the 2016 Olympic Games. Regarding using subjective TL to model sports performance, further examples using linear mixed models and the previously mentioned datasets are provided to illustrate possible practical interpretations of model results for coaches (e.g., ensuring TSB increases during a taper for improved performance). An overall decision-making framework for determining training interventions is also provided with context given to where subjective TL measures may fit within this framework and the determination if subjective measures are needed with TL monitoring for different sporting situations. Lastly, relevant practical recommendations (e.g., using validated scales and training coaches and athletes in their use) are provided to ensure subjective TL monitoring is used as effectively as possible along with recommendations for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph O C Coyne
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, 6027, Australia. .,, 18 Bondi Pl, Kingscliff, NSW, 2487, Australia.
| | - Aaron J Coutts
- Human Performance Research Centre, University of Technology Sydney (UTS), Moore Park Rd, Moore Park, NSW, 2021, Australia.,School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation, University of Technology Sydney (UTS), Moore Park Rd, Moore Park, NSW, 2021, Australia
| | - Robert U Newton
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, 6027, Australia
| | - G Gregory Haff
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, 6027, Australia.,Directorate of Psychology and Sport, University of Salford, Salford, Greater Manchester, UK
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Kwasnicka D, Donnachie C, Thøgersen-Ntoumani C, Hunt K, Gray CM, Ntoumanis N, McBride H, McDonald MD, Newton RU, Gucciardi DF, Olson JL, Wyke S, Morgan PJ, Kerr DA, Robinson S, Quested E. The Aussie-FIT process evaluation: feasibility and acceptability of a weight loss intervention for men, delivered in Australian Football League settings. Psychol Health 2022; 37:470-489. [PMID: 33719789 DOI: 10.1080/08870446.2021.1890730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This process evaluation aimed to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of Aussie-FIT, a group-based weight loss intervention for men with overweight and obesity in Australia. DESIGN Process data and data collected from: (1) six-participant focus groups (n= 24), (2) coach interviews (n = 4), (3) audio recordings of Aussie-FIT sessions and (4) post-program participant surveys (n= 93) were analysed. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES We explored the feasibility and acceptability of program setting and context, recruitment strategies, factors impacting implementation and mechanisms of impact. RESULTS Recruitment via Australian Football League (AFL) clubs was highly effective; 426 men expressed interest within 3 days of advertising, 130 men took part. Program attendance was not consistently recorded by coaches. Coach interviews indicated a 'core group of men' participated in each session (typically 10-12 of 15 men). Program delivery proved feasible in the AFL context. Program acceptability and satisfaction were high. Internalisation of autonomous motives was identified as driving behaviour change. Behaviour change to support maintained weight loss was facilitated through habit formation, goal setting and effective management of multiple goals. CONCLUSION Aussie-FIT sets a blueprint for future weight loss interventions that utilise behaviour change strategies and principles of self-determined motivation to support men to lose weight. TRIAL REGISTRATION Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry: ACTRN12617000515392. © 2021 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominika Kwasnicka
- Physical Activity and Well-being Research Group, Curtin University, Perth, Australia.,Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, Australia.,Faculty of Psychology, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Wroclaw, Poland.,NHMRC CRE in Digital Technology to Transform Chronic Disease Outcomes, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Craig Donnachie
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Cecilie Thøgersen-Ntoumani
- Physical Activity and Well-being Research Group, Curtin University, Perth, Australia.,Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Kate Hunt
- Physical Activity and Well-being Research Group, Curtin University, Perth, Australia.,Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.,Faculty of Health Sciences and Sport, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK
| | - Cindy M Gray
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Nikos Ntoumanis
- Physical Activity and Well-being Research Group, Curtin University, Perth, Australia.,Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Hannah McBride
- Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Matthew D McDonald
- Physical Activity and Well-being Research Group, Curtin University, Perth, Australia.,Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Robert U Newton
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia
| | - Daniel F Gucciardi
- Physical Activity and Well-being Research Group, Curtin University, Perth, Australia.,Curtin School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Jenny L Olson
- Physical Activity and Well-being Research Group, Curtin University, Perth, Australia.,Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Sally Wyke
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Philip J Morgan
- Priority Research Centre in Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Education, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Deborah A Kerr
- Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Suzanne Robinson
- Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Eleanor Quested
- Physical Activity and Well-being Research Group, Curtin University, Perth, Australia.,Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
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50
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Rees J, Fu SC, Lo J, Sambell R, Lewis JR, Christophersen CT, Byrne MF, Newton RU, Boyle S, Devine A. How a 7-Week Food Literacy Cooking Program Affects Cooking Confidence and Mental Health: Findings of a Quasi-Experimental Controlled Intervention Trial. Front Nutr 2022; 9:802940. [PMID: 35369083 PMCID: PMC8970183 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.802940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity and mental health disorders are rising simultaneously with shifting dietary behavior away from home cooking, toward typically nutrition-poor and energy-dense convenience meals. Food literacy strongly influences nutrition choices. Community-based cooking interventions target barriers to healthy eating and facilitate development of food literacy skills, thereby potentially increasing preparation of home-cooked meals and positively influencing health. This study of 657 healthy Australian adults explored the efficacy of a 7-week cooking program in improving cooking confidence, whether this transferred to behavior surrounding food, and/or affected mental health. Significant post-program improvements in cooking confidence and satisfaction (all p < 0.001, ηp2 1.12 large), ability to change eating habits (p < 0.001) and overcome lifestyle barriers (p = 0.005) were observed for the intervention group but not control. Participation also improved mental and general health (all p < 0.05, ηp2 0.02 small). No changes were observed for acquisition and consumption of food, or nutrition knowledge in either group. This 7-week cooking program built cooking confidence and improved general and mental health but did not change dietary behavior. To further improve nutrition related behaviors associated with better mental health, more effort is needed to recruit those with below-average nutrition knowledge and interest in cooking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Rees
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Institute for Nutrition Research, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
- *Correspondence: Joanna Rees
| | - Shih Ching Fu
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
- School of Science, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
- School of Electrical Engineering, Computing and Mathematical Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Johnny Lo
- School of Science, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - Ros Sambell
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Institute for Nutrition Research, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - Joshua R. Lewis
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Institute for Nutrition Research, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
- School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Claus T. Christophersen
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
- Western Australian Human Microbiome Collaboration Centre, School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
- Centre for Integrative Metabolomics and Computational Biology, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Matthew F. Byrne
- School of Education, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - Robert U. Newton
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | | | - Amanda Devine
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Institute for Nutrition Research, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
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