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Zhang Y, Barrouillet B, Chavan SM, Skadsem HJ. Development of a novel experimental technique for the measurement of residual wall layer thickness in water-oil displacement flows. Sci Rep 2023; 13:4530. [PMID: 36941330 PMCID: PMC10027689 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-31776-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The effective removal and displacement of fluids is important in many industrial and environmental applications, such as for operation and cleaning of process equipment, fluid injection in porous media for oil recovery or aquifer remediation, or for achieving subsurface zonal isolation in new or abandoned wells. The accurate measurement of the residual fluid wall film left behind after displacement by a cleaning fluid is a long-standing challenge, particularly so for very thin fluid films where the thickness can be of the order of micrometer. We focus on the characterization of oil films left on the wall of a horizontal pipe after the pipe has been displaced by water, and develop a novel, non-intrusive analytical technique that allows the use of relevant pipe materials. The oil that originally occupies the pipe is stained by a hydrophobic dye Nile red, and an intermediate organic solvent is used to collect the residual oil volume that remains after displacing the pipe with a known volume of water. Finally, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy is used to measure the Nile red concentration in the collected fluid, which is proportional to the residual volume of oil in the pipe. We demonstrate the methodology by conducting experiments where the displacing fluid is injected at two different imposed velocities, and where the injected fluid volume is varied. As expected, we find a gradual thinning of the oil film with increasing injected fluid volume. We compare the measured film thicknesses to a displacement model based on the steady velocity profile in a pipe, and find that experiments consistently produce smaller film thicknesses. This developed technique allows quantification of displacement and cleaning mechanisms involved in immiscible displacements at laminar, transitional and turbulent regimes, for different non-Newtonian fluid pairs, and for different realistic pipe materials and surface roughnesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Zhang
- Department Energy and Petroleum Engineering, University of Stavanger, 4068, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Benjamin Barrouillet
- Department Energy and Petroleum Engineering, University of Stavanger, 4068, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Sachin M Chavan
- Department Chemistry, Bioscience and Environmental Engineering, University of Stavanger, 4068, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Hans Joakim Skadsem
- Department Energy and Petroleum Engineering, University of Stavanger, 4068, Stavanger, Norway.
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Gorzkowska‐Sobas A, Lausund KB, de Koning MC, Petrovic V, Chavan SM, Smith MW, Nilsen O. Utilizing Zirconium MOF-functionalized Fiber Substrates Prepared by Molecular Layer Deposition for Toxic Gas Capture and Chemical Warfare Agent Degradation. Glob Chall 2021; 5:2100001. [PMID: 34938573 PMCID: PMC8671619 DOI: 10.1002/gch2.202100001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are a class of porous organic-inorganic solids extensively explored for numerous applications owing to their catalytic activity and high surface area. In this work MOF thin films deposited in a one-step, molecular layer deposition (MLD), an all-gas-phase process, on glass wool fibers are characterized by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and their capabilities towards toxic industrial chemical (TIC) capture and chemical warfare agents (CWA) degradation are investigated. It is shown that despite low volume of the active material used, MOFs thin films are capable of removal of harmful gaseous chemicals from air stream and CWA from neutral aqueous environment. The results confirm that the MLD-deposited MOF thin films, amorphous and crystalline, are suitable materials for use in air filtration, decontamination, and physical protection against CWA and TIC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kristian Blindheim Lausund
- Centre for Materials Science and NanotechnologyDepartment of ChemistryUniversity of OsloSem Sælands vei 26Oslo0371Norway
- TNOLange Kleiweg 1372288GJ, RijswijkThe Netherlands
| | | | - Veljko Petrovic
- Centre for Materials Science and NanotechnologyDepartment of ChemistryUniversity of OsloSem Sælands vei 26Oslo0371Norway
| | - Sachin M. Chavan
- Department of ChemistryBioscience and Environmental EngineeringUniversity of StavangerStavanger4036Norway
| | - Martin W. Smith
- CBR DivisionDefence Science & Technology LaboratoryPorton DownSalisburySP4 0JQUK
| | - Ola Nilsen
- Centre for Materials Science and NanotechnologyDepartment of ChemistryUniversity of OsloSem Sælands vei 26Oslo0371Norway
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Van Velthoven N, Waitschat S, Chavan SM, Liu P, Smolders S, Vercammen J, Bueken B, Bals S, Lillerud KP, Stock N, De Vos DE. Single-site metal-organic framework catalysts for the oxidative coupling of arenes via C-H/C-H activation. Chem Sci 2019; 10:3616-3622. [PMID: 30996954 PMCID: PMC6432273 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc05510f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 02/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
C-H activation reactions are generally associated with relatively low turnover numbers (TONs) and high catalyst concentrations due to a combination of low catalyst stability and activity, highlighting the need for recyclable heterogeneous catalysts with stable single-atom active sites. In this work, several palladium loaded metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) were tested as single-site catalysts for the oxidative coupling of arenes (e.g. o-xylene) via C-H/C-H activation. Isolation of the palladium active sites on the MOF supports reduced Pd(0) aggregate formation and thus catalyst deactivation, resulting in higher turnover numbers (TONs) compared to the homogeneous benchmark reaction. Notably, a threefold higher TON could be achieved for palladium loaded MOF-808 due to increased catalyst stability and the heterogeneous catalyst could efficiently be reused, resulting in a cumulative TON of 1218 after three runs. Additionally, the palladium single-atom active sites on MOF-808 were successfully identified by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niels Van Velthoven
- Centre for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis , KU Leuven , Celestijnenlaan 200F P. O. Box 2461 , 3001 Leuven , Belgium .
| | - Steve Waitschat
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry , Christian-Albrechts University Kiel , Max-Eyth-Straße 2 , 24118 Kiel , Germany
| | - Sachin M Chavan
- Department of Chemistry , University of Oslo , P. O. Box 1033 Blindern , 0315 Oslo , Norway
- ProfMOF AS , Kirkegårdsveien 45 , 3616 Kongsberg , Norway
| | - Pei Liu
- Electron Microscopy for Materials Science , University of Antwerp , Groenenborgerlaan 171 , 2020 Antwerp , Belgium
| | - Simon Smolders
- Centre for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis , KU Leuven , Celestijnenlaan 200F P. O. Box 2461 , 3001 Leuven , Belgium .
| | - Jannick Vercammen
- Centre for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis , KU Leuven , Celestijnenlaan 200F P. O. Box 2461 , 3001 Leuven , Belgium .
| | - Bart Bueken
- Centre for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis , KU Leuven , Celestijnenlaan 200F P. O. Box 2461 , 3001 Leuven , Belgium .
| | - Sara Bals
- Electron Microscopy for Materials Science , University of Antwerp , Groenenborgerlaan 171 , 2020 Antwerp , Belgium
| | - Karl Petter Lillerud
- Department of Chemistry , University of Oslo , P. O. Box 1033 Blindern , 0315 Oslo , Norway
- ProfMOF AS , Kirkegårdsveien 45 , 3616 Kongsberg , Norway
| | - Norbert Stock
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry , Christian-Albrechts University Kiel , Max-Eyth-Straße 2 , 24118 Kiel , Germany
- ProfMOF AS , Kirkegårdsveien 45 , 3616 Kongsberg , Norway
| | - Dirk E De Vos
- Centre for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis , KU Leuven , Celestijnenlaan 200F P. O. Box 2461 , 3001 Leuven , Belgium .
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Butova VV, Budnyk AP, Charykov KM, Vetlitsyna-Novikova KS, Bugaev AL, Guda AA, Damin A, Chavan SM, Øien-Ødegaard S, Lillerud KP, Soldatov AV, Lamberti C. Partial and Complete Substitution of the 1,4-Benzenedicarboxylate Linker in UiO-66 with 1,4-Naphthalenedicarboxylate: Synthesis, Characterization, and H 2-Adsorption Properties. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:1607-1620. [PMID: 30624909 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b03087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
We describe the synthesis and corresponding full characterization of the set of UiO-66 metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) with 1,4-benzenedicarboxylate (C6H4(COOH)2, hereafter H2BDC) and 1,4-naphthalenedicarboxylate (C10H6(COOH)2, hereafter H2NDC) mixed linkers with NDC contents of 0, 25, 50, and 100%. Their structural (powder X-ray diffraction, PXRD), adsorptive (N2, H2, and CO2), vibrational (IR/Raman), and thermal stability (thermogravimetric analysis, TGA) properties quantitatively correlate with the NDC content in the material. The UiO-66 phase topology is conserved at all relative fractions of BDC/NDC. The comparison between the synchrotron radiation PXRD and 77 K N2-adsorption isotherms obtained on the 50:50 BDC/NDC sample and on a mechanical mixture of the pure BDC and NDC samples univocally proves that in the mixed linkers of the MOFs the BDC and NDC linkers are shared in each MOF crystal, discarding the hypothesis of two independent phases, where each crystal contains only BDC or NDC linkers. The careful tuning of the NDC content opens a way for controlled alteration of the sorption properties of the resulting material as testified by the H2-adsorption experiments, showing that the relative ranking of the materials in H2 adsorption is different in different equilibrium-pressure ranges: at low pressures, 100NDC is the most efficient sample, while with increasing pressure, its relative performance progressively declines; at high pressures, the ranking follows the BDC content, reflecting the larger internal pore volume available in the MOFs with a higher fraction of smaller linkers. The H2-adsorption isotherms normalized by the sample Brunauer-Emmett-Teller specific surface area show, in the whole pressure range, that the surface-area-specific H2-adsorption capabilities in UiO-66 MOFs increase progressively with increasing NDC content. Density functional theory calculations, using the hybrid B3LYP exchange correlation functional and quadruple-ζ with four polarization functions (QZ4P) basis set, show that the interaction of H2 with the H2NDC linker results in an adsorption energy larger by about 15% with respect to that calculated for adsorption on the H2BDC linker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera V Butova
- The Smart Materials Research Institute , Southern Federal University , Sladkova Street 178/24 , Rostov-on-Don 344090 , Russia
| | - Andriy P Budnyk
- The Smart Materials Research Institute , Southern Federal University , Sladkova Street 178/24 , Rostov-on-Don 344090 , Russia
| | - Konstantin M Charykov
- The Smart Materials Research Institute , Southern Federal University , Sladkova Street 178/24 , Rostov-on-Don 344090 , Russia
| | - Kristina S Vetlitsyna-Novikova
- The Smart Materials Research Institute , Southern Federal University , Sladkova Street 178/24 , Rostov-on-Don 344090 , Russia
| | - Aram L Bugaev
- The Smart Materials Research Institute , Southern Federal University , Sladkova Street 178/24 , Rostov-on-Don 344090 , Russia
| | - Alexander A Guda
- The Smart Materials Research Institute , Southern Federal University , Sladkova Street 178/24 , Rostov-on-Don 344090 , Russia
| | | | | | - Sigurd Øien-Ødegaard
- Centre for Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Department of Chemistry , University of Oslo , Sem Saelands vei 26 , Oslo 0315 , Norway
| | - Karl Petter Lillerud
- Centre for Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Department of Chemistry , University of Oslo , Sem Saelands vei 26 , Oslo 0315 , Norway
| | - Alexander V Soldatov
- The Smart Materials Research Institute , Southern Federal University , Sladkova Street 178/24 , Rostov-on-Don 344090 , Russia
| | - Carlo Lamberti
- The Smart Materials Research Institute , Southern Federal University , Sladkova Street 178/24 , Rostov-on-Don 344090 , Russia
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Reinsch H, Waitschat S, Chavan SM, Lillerud KP, Stock N. A Facile “Green” Route for Scalable Batch Production and Continuous Synthesis of Zirconium MOFs. Eur J Inorg Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201600295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Helge Reinsch
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry; Christian-Albrechts University Kiel; Max-Eyth-Straße 2 24118 Kiel Germany
| | - Steve Waitschat
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry; Christian-Albrechts University Kiel; Max-Eyth-Straße 2 24118 Kiel Germany
| | - Sachin M. Chavan
- Department of Chemistry; University of Oslo; P. O. Box 1033 Blindern 0315 Oslo Norway
- ProfMOF AS; Kirkegårdsveien 45 3616 Kongsberg Norway
| | - Karl Petter Lillerud
- Department of Chemistry; University of Oslo; P. O. Box 1033 Blindern 0315 Oslo Norway
- ProfMOF AS; Kirkegårdsveien 45 3616 Kongsberg Norway
| | - Norbert Stock
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry; Christian-Albrechts University Kiel; Max-Eyth-Straße 2 24118 Kiel Germany
- ProfMOF AS; Kirkegårdsveien 45 3616 Kongsberg Norway
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Teketel S, Lundegaard LF, Skistad W, Chavan SM, Olsbye U, Lillerud KP, Beato P, Svelle S. Morphology-induced shape selectivity in zeolite catalysis. J Catal 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2015.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Chavan SM, Shearer GC, Svelle S, Olsbye U, Bonino F, Ethiraj J, Lillerud KP, Bordiga S. Synthesis and Characterization of Amine-Functionalized Mixed-Ligand Metal–Organic Frameworks of UiO-66 Topology. Inorg Chem 2014; 53:9509-15. [DOI: 10.1021/ic500607a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sachin M. Chavan
- inGAP Center of Research Based Innovation, Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O.
Box 1033, Blindern, 0315 Oslo, Norway
| | - Greig C. Shearer
- inGAP Center of Research Based Innovation, Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O.
Box 1033, Blindern, 0315 Oslo, Norway
| | - Stian Svelle
- inGAP Center of Research Based Innovation, Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O.
Box 1033, Blindern, 0315 Oslo, Norway
| | - Unni Olsbye
- inGAP Center of Research Based Innovation, Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O.
Box 1033, Blindern, 0315 Oslo, Norway
| | - Francesca Bonino
- Department
of Chemistry, NIS and INSTM Reference Centre, University of Turin, Via G. Quarello 15 I-10135 Torino, Italy
| | - Jayashree Ethiraj
- Department
of Chemistry, NIS and INSTM Reference Centre, University of Turin, Via G. Quarello 15 I-10135 Torino, Italy
| | - Karl Petter Lillerud
- inGAP Center of Research Based Innovation, Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O.
Box 1033, Blindern, 0315 Oslo, Norway
| | - Silvia Bordiga
- inGAP Center of Research Based Innovation, Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O.
Box 1033, Blindern, 0315 Oslo, Norway
- Department
of Chemistry, NIS and INSTM Reference Centre, University of Turin, Via G. Quarello 15 I-10135 Torino, Italy
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Chavan SM, Zavorotynska O, Lamberti C, Bordiga S. H2 interaction with divalent cations in isostructural MOFs: a key study for variable temperature infrared spectroscopy. Dalton Trans 2014; 42:12586-95. [PMID: 23861014 DOI: 10.1039/c3dt51312b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Systematic studies of H2 adsorption by variable temperature infrared (VTIR) spectroscopy have added value in the characterization of hydrogen storage materials. As a key study to describe the potential of the method, here we report VTIR spectroscopy results of H2 adsorption at isostructural MOFs CPO-27-M (M = Mg, Mn, Co, Ni, Zn). The strongest perturbation of H2 vibrational frequency is due to the interaction with an open metal site. Although ionic radius is an empirical value, the direct correlation between ionic radii of the metal cation and H2 interaction energy is found in MOFs of the same topology. The highest enthalpy of hydrogen adsorption 15 ± 1 kJ mol(-1) was found for Ni(2+). VTIR results of H2 adsorption at isostructural MOFs CPO-27-M (M = Mg, Mn, Co, Ni, Zn) were compared with data obtained from analogous studies performed on a large variety of microporous materials (MOFs and zeolites), underlining the relevance of the approach to get reliable energetic and entropic (ΔH(0) and ΔS(0)) values to be compared with computational data and isosteric heats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachin M Chavan
- Chemistry Department, NIS, Centre of Excellence and INSTM Università di Torino, via Pietro Giuria 7 and via Quarello 11, 10100, Torino, Italy.
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Chavan SM, Shearer GC, Bloch E, Bordiga S. Inside Cover: Acetylene Adsorption on CPO-27-M Metal-Organic Frameworks (M=Fe, Co and Ni) (ChemPhysChem 2/2012). Chemphyschem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201290006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Chavan SM, Shearer GC, Bloch E, Bordiga S. Acetylene Adsorption on CPO-27-M Metal-Organic Frameworks (M=Fe, Co and Ni). Chemphyschem 2012; 13:445-8. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201100950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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