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Boateng ST, Roy T, Torrey K, Owunna U, Banang-Mbeumi S, Basnet D, Niedda E, Alexander AD, Hage DE, Atchimnaidu S, Nagalo BM, Aryal D, Findley A, Seeram NP, Efimova T, Sechi M, Hill RA, Ma H, Chamcheu JC, Murru S. Synthesis, in silico modelling, and in vitro biological evaluation of substituted pyrazole derivatives as potential anti-skin cancer, anti-tyrosinase, and antioxidant agents. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2023; 38:2205042. [PMID: 37184042 PMCID: PMC10187093 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2023.2205042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Twenty-five azole compounds (P1-P25) were synthesised using regioselective base-metal catalysed and microwave-assisted approaches, fully characterised by high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and infrared spectra (IR) analyses, and evaluated for anticancer, anti-tyrosinase, and anti-oxidant activities in silico and in vitro. P25 exhibited potent anticancer activity against cells of four skin cancer (SC) lines, with selectivity for melanoma (A375, SK-Mel-28) or non-melanoma (A431, SCC-12) SC cells over non-cancerous HaCaT-keratinocytes. Clonogenic, scratch-wound, and immunoblotting assay data were consistent with anti-proliferative results, expression profiling therewith implicating intrinsic and extrinsic apoptosis activation. In a mushroom tyrosinase inhibition assay, P14 was most potent among the compounds (half-maximal inhibitory concentration where 50% of cells are dead, IC50 15.9 μM), with activity greater than arbutin and kojic acid. Also, P6 exhibited noteworthy free radical-scavenging activity. Furthermore, in silico docking and absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET) simulations predicted prominent-phenotypic actives to engage diverse cancer/hyperpigmentation-related targets with relatively high affinities. Altogether, promising early-stage hits were identified - some with multiple activities - warranting further hit-to-lead optimisation chemistry with further biological evaluations, towards identifying new skin-cancer and skin-pigmentation renormalising agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel T. Boateng
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA, USA
| | - Tithi Roy
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA, USA
| | - Kara Torrey
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Bioactive Botanical Research Laboratory, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA
| | - Uchechi Owunna
- School of Sciences, College of Arts, Education and Sciences, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA, USA
| | - Sergette Banang-Mbeumi
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA, USA
- School of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences, Louisiana Delta Community College, Monroe, LA, USA
| | - David Basnet
- School of Sciences, College of Arts, Education and Sciences, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA, USA
| | - Eleonora Niedda
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Alexis D. Alexander
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA, USA
| | - Denzel El Hage
- School of Sciences, College of Arts, Education and Sciences, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA, USA
| | - Siriki Atchimnaidu
- School of Sciences, College of Arts, Education and Sciences, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA, USA
| | - Bolni Marius Nagalo
- Department of Pathology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences (UAMS), Little Rock, AR, USA
- The Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, UAMS, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Dinesh Aryal
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Affairs and Research, Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine, Monroe, LA, USA
| | - Ann Findley
- School of Sciences, College of Arts, Education and Sciences, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA, USA
| | - Navindra P. Seeram
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Bioactive Botanical Research Laboratory, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA
| | - Tatiana Efimova
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Mario Sechi
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Ronald A. Hill
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA, USA
| | - Hang Ma
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Bioactive Botanical Research Laboratory, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA
| | - Jean Christopher Chamcheu
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA, USA
| | - Siva Murru
- School of Sciences, College of Arts, Education and Sciences, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA, USA
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Shum A, Ara H, Bess E, Colvin C, Sharma S, Murru S, Panchatcharam M, Miriyala S. Pyrazole Reduces the Effects of Oxidative Stress in Cardiomyocytes Induced by Rotenone and Doxorubicin. FASEB J 2022. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2022.36.s1.r2653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alika Shum
- Cellular Biology and AnatomyLSU Health Sciences Center ShreveportShreveportLA
| | - Hosne Ara
- Cellular Biology and AnatomyLSU Health Sciences Center ShreveportShreveportLA
| | - Ezra Bess
- School of MedicineLSU Health Sciences Center ShreveportShreveportLA
| | | | - Sudha Sharma
- Cellular Biology and AnatomyLSU Health Sciences Center ShreveportShreveportLA
| | - Siva Murru
- ChemistryUniversity of Louisiana MonroeMonroeLA
| | | | - Sumitra Miriyala
- Cellular Biology and AnatomyLSU Health Sciences Center ShreveportShreveportLA
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Bess E, Shum A, Ara H, Patel F, Colvin C, Brown M, Horan S, Sharma S, Murru S, Panchatcharam M, Miriyala S. Antioxidant Effects of Pyrazoles in Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Cardiomyocytes. FASEB J 2022. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2022.36.s1.0r881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Dahal A, Lo M, Singh S, Vo H, ElHage D, Jois SD, Murru S. 1,3-diarylpyrazolones as potential anticancer agents for non-small cell lung cancer: Synthesis and antiproliferative activity evaluation. Chem Biol Drug Des 2022; 99:620-633. [PMID: 35156777 PMCID: PMC10127554 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
A series of pyrazolone compounds with different substitution patterns have been synthesized using microwave-assisted methods and evaluated their in vitro antiproliferative activity against human lung adenocarcinoma cell lines (A549 and NCI-H522). Among the tested compounds, the pyrazolone P7 exhibited high antiproliferative activity against both A549 and NCIH522 cancer cell lines while being 10 times less cytotoxic to non-cancerous cells. Moreover, our compounds P7 and P11 exhibited higher antiproliferative activity and selectivity against A549 and NCIH522 cells compared with the clinically approved drugs Afatinib and Gefitinib. The cell cycle analysis showed that the compound P7 and P11 arrests the cell cycle at G0/G1 phase, whereas the compounds P13 and P14 involved in G2/M phase arrest. The results from antiproliferative activity screening, cell cycle analysis, and kinase profiling indicate that the suitably substituted 1,3-diarylpyrazolones exhibit high antiproliferative activity against non-small cell lung cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Achyut Dahal
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana Monroe, Monroe, Louisina, USA
| | - Mary Lo
- School of Sciences, College of Arts, Education & Sciences, University of Louisiana Monroe, Monroe, Louisina, USA
| | - Sitanshu Singh
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana Monroe, Monroe, Louisina, USA
| | - Huu Vo
- School of Sciences, College of Arts, Education & Sciences, University of Louisiana Monroe, Monroe, Louisina, USA
| | - Denzel ElHage
- School of Sciences, College of Arts, Education & Sciences, University of Louisiana Monroe, Monroe, Louisina, USA
| | - Seetharama D Jois
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana Monroe, Monroe, Louisina, USA
| | - Siva Murru
- School of Sciences, College of Arts, Education & Sciences, University of Louisiana Monroe, Monroe, Louisina, USA
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Cursio I, Ronzano N, Asunis M, Dettori M, Cossu S, Murru S, Cau M, Incani F, Mei D, Bianchini C, Scioni M, Pruna D. A peculiar family with recurrent self-limited epileptic syndrome and associated developmental disorders in six girls. Epilepsy Behav Rep 2022; 19:100546. [PMID: 35637976 PMCID: PMC9142554 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebr.2022.100546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Self-Limited Epilepsies may evolve to Developmental and/or Epileptic Encephalopathy. Family cases may present with recurrent phenotype and complex genetic background. Genetic testing could not provide useful elements for early aetiological diagnosis. This electroclinical phenotype had remarkable impact on development. It’s important an early identification of genetic risk factors of family cases.
We describe a complex family with two couples (two sisters who married two brothers) with consistent social and neuropsychiatric problems, originally from Sardinia. Each couple had three daughters, which shared electroclinical epileptic syndrome and developmental disorders. All patients suffered from mild to moderate intellectual disability, speech difficulties and behavioural disorders. Four out of six patients had epilepsy onset between 3 and 4 years of age. The epileptic history almost reflected the typical clinical course of a self-Limited Focal Epilepsy of Childhood. However, our patients don’t have the complete features characteristic of one of the four specific self-Limited Focal Epilepsies of Childhood; a progressive evolution into a Developmental and/or Epileptic Encephalopathy with spike-wave activation in sleep was observed in the two older sister of the first family, which developed more severe developmental disorder too. In the other epileptic patients, improvement of EEG pattern was not coincident with an improvement of the developmental disorders. Brain MRI, performed in three patients, showed normal findings. Genetic analysis carried out so far (SNP-array, study of Runs of homozygosity, FMR1 triplet-repeat primer-PCR assay, Next Generation Sequencing based gene panel for epilepsy and neurodevelopmental disorders and Exome Sequencing), did not provide useful elements for an aetiological diagnosis.
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Murru S, Mokar BD, Bista R, Harakat D, Le Bras J, Fronczek F, Nicholas KM, Srivastava RS. Copper-catalyzed asymmetric allylic C–H amination of alkenes using N-arylhydroxylamines. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo00223f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The first Cu-catalyzed asymmetric allylic C–H amination of alkenes with N-aryl hydroxylamines has been developed. Metal-complexes isolation, ESI-MS analysis and the DFT calculations provided key insights on mechanistic pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siva Murru
- Chemistry Program
- School of Sciences
- University of Louisiana at Monroe
- Louisiana 71209
- USA
| | - Bhanudas D. Mokar
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Louisiana at Lafayette
- Louisiana 70504
- USA
| | - Ramesh Bista
- Chemistry Program
- School of Sciences
- University of Louisiana at Monroe
- Louisiana 71209
- USA
| | - Dominique Harakat
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Reims – UMR 7312 CNRS-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne UFR des Sciences Exactes et Naturelles
- 51687 REIMS Cedex 2
- France
| | - Jean Le Bras
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Reims – UMR 7312 CNRS-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne UFR des Sciences Exactes et Naturelles
- 51687 REIMS Cedex 2
- France
| | - Frank Fronczek
- Department of Chemistry
- Louisiana State University
- Baton Rouge 70803
- USA
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Roy T, Boateng ST, Banang-Mbeumi S, Singh PK, Basnet P, Chamcheu RCN, Ladu F, Chauvin I, Spiegelman VS, Hill RA, Kousoulas KG, Nagalo BM, Walker AL, Fotie J, Murru S, Sechi M, Chamcheu JC. Synthesis, inverse docking-assisted identification and in vitro biological characterization of Flavonol-based analogs of fisetin as c-Kit, CDK2 and mTOR inhibitors against melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers. Bioorg Chem 2020; 107:104595. [PMID: 33450548 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.104595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Due to hurdles, including resistance, adverse effects, and poor bioavailability, among others linked with existing therapies, there is an urgent unmet need to devise new, safe, and more effective treatment modalities for skin cancers. Herein, a series of flavonol-based derivatives of fisetin, a plant-based flavonoid identified as an anti-tumorigenic agent targeting the mammalian targets of rapamycin (mTOR)-regulated pathways, were synthesized and fully characterized. New potential inhibitors of receptor tyrosine kinases (c-KITs), cyclin-dependent kinase-2 (CDK2), and mTOR, representing attractive therapeutic targets for melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSCs) treatment, were identified using inverse-docking, in vitro kinase activity and various cell-based anticancer screening assays. Eleven compounds exhibited significant inhibitory activities greater than the parent molecule against four human skin cancer cell lines, including melanoma (A375 and SK-Mel-28) and NMSCs (A431 and UWBCC1), with IC50 values ranging from 0.12 to < 15 μM. Seven compounds were identified as potentially potent single, dual or multi-kinase c-KITs, CDK2, and mTOR kinase inhibitors after inverse-docking and screening against twelve known cancer targets, followed by kinase activity profiling. Moreover, the potent compound F20, and the multi-kinase F9 and F17 targeted compounds, markedly decreased scratch wound closure, colony formation, and heightened expression levels of key cancer-promoting pathway molecular targets c-Kit, CDK2, and mTOR. In addition, these compounds downregulated Bcl-2 levels and upregulated Bax and cleaved caspase-3/7/8 and PARP levels, thus inducing apoptosis of A375 and A431 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Overall, compounds F20, F9 and F17, were identified as promising c-Kit, CDK2 and mTOR inhibitors, worthy of further investigation as therapeutics, or as adjuvants to standard therapies for the control of melanoma and NMSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tithi Roy
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana-Monroe, Monroe, LA 71209-0497, USA
| | - Samuel T Boateng
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana-Monroe, Monroe, LA 71209-0497, USA
| | - Sergette Banang-Mbeumi
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana-Monroe, Monroe, LA 71209-0497, USA
| | - Pankaj K Singh
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Via Vienna 2, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Pratik Basnet
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana-Monroe, Monroe, LA 71209-0497, USA; Department of Chemistry, University of Louisiana-Monroe, Monroe, LA 71209-0497, USA
| | - Roxane-Cherille N Chamcheu
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana-Monroe, Monroe, LA 71209-0497, USA
| | - Federico Ladu
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Via Vienna 2, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Isabel Chauvin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Louisiana-Monroe, Monroe, LA 71209-0497, USA
| | - Vladimir S Spiegelman
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033-0850, USA
| | - Ronald A Hill
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana-Monroe, Monroe, LA 71209-0497, USA
| | - Konstantin G Kousoulas
- Division of Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA; Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Bolni Marius Nagalo
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic Hospital, 5777 E Mayo Blvd, Phoenix, AZ 85054, USA
| | - Anthony L Walker
- School of Clinical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana-Monroe, Monroe, LA 71209-0497, USA
| | - Jean Fotie
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Southeastern Louisiana University, SELU, Hammond, LA 70402-0878, USA
| | - Siva Murru
- Department of Chemistry, University of Louisiana-Monroe, Monroe, LA 71209-0497, USA
| | - Mario Sechi
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Via Vienna 2, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Jean Christopher Chamcheu
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana-Monroe, Monroe, LA 71209-0497, USA.
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Bess E, Sharma S, Bhattarai S, Ara H, Panchatcharam M, Murru S, Miriyala S. Effects of Pyrazoles on Hypoxia/Reoxygenation‐Induced Oxidative Stress in Neonatal Cardiomyocytes. FASEB J 2020. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2020.34.s1.01826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Singh C, Murru S, Kavala V, Patel BK. 3-Aryl-1-benzoylthioureas with α-bromoketones in Water form 2-N-benzoyl-3-arylthiazol-2(3H)-imines, not 3-aryl-1-benzoylimidazoline-2-thiones. Journal of Chemical Research 2019. [DOI: 10.3184/030823407x196719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The products obtained by the reaction of 1-benzoyl-3-phenylthioureas with α-bromoketones in water in the presence of triethylamine are not imidazoline-2-thiones as reported (J. Chem. Res. 2005, 689–690); rather they are thiazol-2-imine derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- C.B. Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781 039, Assam, India
| | - Siva Murru
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781 039, Assam, India
| | - Veerababurao Kavala
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781 039, Assam, India
| | - Bhisma K. Patel
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781 039, Assam, India
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Nefzi A, Murru S, Bista R. Synthesis of Novel Oxazolyl Amino Acids and Their Use in the Parallel Synthesis of Disubstituted Oxazole Libraries. SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 2018. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0036-1589148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Novel chiral oxazolyl alanine and homologues are synthesized and utilized as building blocks for the solid-phase parallel synthesis of novel trifunctional oxazole small molecules in good to excellent overall yields and with high purity. The orthogonal deprotection strategy of oxazolyl amino acids, prepared from serine methyl ester and amino acids such as aspartic and glutamic acids, allows multiple sites of diversification to make a variety of pharmacologically relevant small molecules. The general nature of this approach allows the preparation of a large number of small molecules and peptidomimetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adel Nefzi
- Torrey Pines Institute for Molecular Studies
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Fenu G, Lorefice L, Arru M, Sechi V, Loi L, Contu F, Cabras F, Coghe G, Frau J, Fronza M, Sbrescia G, Lai V, Boi M, Mallus S, Murru S, Porcu A, Barracciu MA, Marrosu MG, Cocco E. Cognition in multiple sclerosis: Between cognitive reserve and brain volume. J Neurol Sci 2018; 386:19-22. [PMID: 29406960 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2018.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2017] [Revised: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several correlations between cognitive impairment (CI), radiologic markers and cognitive reserve (CR) have been documented in MS. OBIECTIVE To evaluate correlation between CI and brain volume (BV) considering CR as possibile mitigating factor. METHODS 195 relapsing MS patients underwent a neuropsychological assessment using BICAMS. BV was estimated using SIENAX to obtain normalized volume of brain (NBV), white matter (NWV), gray matter (NGV) and cortical gray matter (CGV). CR was estimated using a previously validated tool. RESULTS Pearson test showed a correlation between the symbol digit modality test (SDMT) score and NBV (r=0.38; p<0.000) NGV(r=0.31; p<0.000), CGV (r=0.35; p<0.000) and CRI score(r=0.42; p<0.000). Linear regression (dependent variable:SDMT) showed a relationship with CR scores (p=0.000) and NGV(p<0.000). A difference was detected between cognitive impaired and preserved patients regarding mean of NBV(p=0.002), NGV(p=0.007), CGV(p=0.002) and CR Scores (p=0.007). Anova showed a association between the presence of CI (dependent variable) and the interaction term CRIQ × CGV (p=0.004) whit adjustment for age and disability evaluated by EDSS. CONCLUSIONS Our study shows a correlation between cognition and BV, in particular gray matter volume. Cognitive reserve is also confirmed as an important element playing a role in the complex interaction to determine the cognitive functions in MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Fenu
- Multiple Sclerosis Center, Binaghi Hospital, ATS Sardegna, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Italy.
| | - L Lorefice
- Multiple Sclerosis Center, Binaghi Hospital, ATS Sardegna, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Italy
| | - M Arru
- Multiple Sclerosis Center, Binaghi Hospital, ATS Sardegna, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Italy
| | - V Sechi
- Radiology Unit, Binaghi Hospital, ATS Sardegna, Cagliari, Italy
| | - L Loi
- Radiology Unit, Binaghi Hospital, ATS Sardegna, Cagliari, Italy
| | - F Contu
- Radiology Unit, Binaghi Hospital, ATS Sardegna, Cagliari, Italy
| | - F Cabras
- Radiology Unit, Binaghi Hospital, ATS Sardegna, Cagliari, Italy
| | - G Coghe
- Multiple Sclerosis Center, Binaghi Hospital, ATS Sardegna, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Italy
| | - J Frau
- Multiple Sclerosis Center, Binaghi Hospital, ATS Sardegna, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Italy
| | - M Fronza
- Multiple Sclerosis Center, Binaghi Hospital, ATS Sardegna, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Italy
| | - G Sbrescia
- Radiology Unit, Binaghi Hospital, ATS Sardegna, Cagliari, Italy
| | - V Lai
- Radiology Unit, Binaghi Hospital, ATS Sardegna, Cagliari, Italy
| | - M Boi
- Radiology Unit, Binaghi Hospital, ATS Sardegna, Cagliari, Italy
| | - S Mallus
- Radiology Unit, Binaghi Hospital, ATS Sardegna, Cagliari, Italy
| | - S Murru
- Radiology Unit, Binaghi Hospital, ATS Sardegna, Cagliari, Italy
| | - A Porcu
- Radiology Unit, Binaghi Hospital, ATS Sardegna, Cagliari, Italy
| | - M A Barracciu
- Radiology Unit, Binaghi Hospital, ATS Sardegna, Cagliari, Italy
| | - M G Marrosu
- Multiple Sclerosis Center, Binaghi Hospital, ATS Sardegna, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Italy
| | - E Cocco
- Multiple Sclerosis Center, Binaghi Hospital, ATS Sardegna, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Italy
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Meiklejohn V, Depan D, Boudreaux SP, Murru S, Perkins RS, Fronczek FR, Srivastava RS. Ru( iii)–TMSO complexes containing azole-based ligands: synthesis and cytotoxicity study. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7nj03267f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The reaction of mer-[RuCl3(S-TMSO)2(O-TMSO)] with azoles in dichloromethane produced the complexes mer-[RuCl3(S-TMSO)(pzH)2], mer-[RuCl3(S-TMSO)(O-TMSO)(pzH)], mer-[RuCl3(S-TMSO)(dmpzH)2], and mer-[RuCl3(S-TMSO)(O-TMSO)(dmpzH)].
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dilip Depan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Louisiana at Lafayette
- Lafayette
- USA
| | - Seth P. Boudreaux
- New Iberia Research Center, University of Louisiana at Lafayette
- Lafayette
- USA
| | - Siva Murru
- Department of Chemistry, University of Louisiana at Lafayette
- Lafayette
- USA
| | - Richard S. Perkins
- Department of Chemistry, University of Louisiana at Lafayette
- Lafayette
- USA
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Gialluisi A, Menabò S, Baldazzi L, Casula L, Meloni A, Farci MC, Mariotti S, Balestrino L, Ortolano R, Murru S, Carcassi C, Loche S, Balsamo A, Romeo G. A genetic epidemiology study of congenital adrenal hyperplasia in Italy. Clin Genet 2017. [PMID: 28644547 DOI: 10.1111/cge.13078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency (21OHD-CAH) is an autosomal recessive disorder affecting steroidogenesis, due to mutations in CYP21A2 (6p21.3). 21OHD-CAH neonatal screening is based on 17-hydroxyprogesterone (17OHP) serum levels, showing high type I error rate and low sensitivity to mild CAH forms. Here, we used an epidemiological approach, which estimates the allelic frequency (q) of an autosomal recessive disorder using the proportion of homozygous patients, the mutational spectrum and the inbreeding coefficient in a sample of affected individuals. We applied this approach to 2 independent Italian cohorts of patients with both clinical and molecular diagnosis of 21OHD-CAH from mainland Italy (N = 240) and Sardinia (N = 53). We inferred q estimates of 2.87% and 1.83%, corresponding to a prevalence of 1/1214 and 1/2986, respectively. CYP21A2 mutational spectra were quite discrepant between the 2 cohorts, with V281L representing 74% of all the mutations detected in Sardinia vs 37% in mainland Italy. These findings provide an updated fine-grained picture of 21OHD-CAH genetic epidemiology in Italy and suggest the need for a screening approach suitable to the detection of the largest number of clinically significant forms of CAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Gialluisi
- URT-IGB, IRCCS "Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo Neuromed", Pozzilli, Italy
| | - S Menabò
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Pediatric Unit, "S.Orsola-Malpighi" University-Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - L Baldazzi
- Department of Women, Children and Urological Diseases, Pediatric Unit, "S.Orsola-Malpighi" University-Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - L Casula
- Pediatric Endocrine Unit, Pediatric Hospital Microcitemico "A. Cao," AO Brotzu, Cagliari, Italy
| | - A Meloni
- II Clinica Pediatrica, Pediatric Hospital Microcitemico "A. Cao," AO Brotzu, Cagliari, Italy
| | - M C Farci
- Endocrinology and Diabetology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - S Mariotti
- Endocrinology and Diabetology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - L Balestrino
- Medical Genetics Unit, "R.Binaghi" Hospital, Cagliari, Italy
| | - R Ortolano
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Pediatric Unit, "S.Orsola-Malpighi" University-Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - S Murru
- Human Genetics Unit, Pediatric Hospital Microcitemico "A. Cao," AO Brotzu, Cagliari, Italy
| | - C Carcassi
- Medical Genetics Unit and Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, "R.Binaghi" Hospital, Cagliari, Italy
| | - S Loche
- Pediatric Endocrine Unit, Pediatric Hospital Microcitemico "A. Cao," AO Brotzu, Cagliari, Italy
| | - A Balsamo
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Pediatric Unit, "S.Orsola-Malpighi" University-Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - G Romeo
- Medical Genetics Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, "S.Orsola-Malpighi" University-Hospital, Bologna, Italy
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Le T, Collazos N, Simoneaux A, Murru S, Depan D, Subramaniam R. Statistical modelling and simulation of nanohybrid shish-kebab architecture of PE-b-PEG copolymers and carbon nanotubes. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:13348-13360. [PMID: 28492681 DOI: 10.1039/c7cp00597k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Carbon nanotubes have been known to develop hierarchically ordered polymer nanocomposites by virtue of epitaxial crystallization. A unique product of CNT induced crystallization is generation of nanohybrid shish-kebab (NHSK) structure, which has gained tremendous attention owing to its unique applications. However, research faces major challenges in terms of producing tunable patterns on CNTs, which are largely governed by precise control of the crystallization parameters. Conventional methods of experimentation can mislead the effect of experimental conditions on NHSK structure. The effect of crystallization time, undercooling temperature and polymer concentration on the NHSK architecture of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and on a block copolymer, polyethylene-b-polyethylene glycol (PE-b-PEG), was studied in this work by applying the Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The present novel investigation mainly reports the statistical models that can be used to predict the different NHSK structural features such as diameter, periodicity, and thickness by including the interaction and quadratic effects of experimental variables. The developed models are in very good agreement with the experimental data and are statistically significant. Our novel approach can be used to better understand the interplay between various crystallization parameters for periodic patterning on carbon nanotubes to generate tunable hierarchical structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuan Le
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette, LA 70503, USA.
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Abstract
An unprecedented Fe-catalyzed oxazolidine formation was observed from the reaction of allyl alcohols with arylhydroxylamines in presence of formaldehyde or its equivalents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siva Murru
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Louisiana at Lafayette
- Lafayette
- USA
| | - Charles Seth Lott
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Louisiana at Lafayette
- Lafayette
- USA
| | - Brandon McGough
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Louisiana at Lafayette
- Lafayette
- USA
| | - Dakota M. Bernard
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Louisiana at Lafayette
- Lafayette
- USA
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Liu Y, Liu Y, Murru S, Tzeng N, Srivastava RS. Quantum mechanics study of repulsive π–π interaction and flexibility of phenyl moiety in the iron azodioxide complex. J Mol Struct 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2015.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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17
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Affiliation(s)
- Siva Murru
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette, Louisiana 70504, United States
| | - Charles Seth Lott
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette, Louisiana 70504, United States
| | - Frank R. Fronczek
- Department
of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Radhey S. Srivastava
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette, Louisiana 70504, United States
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Abstract
A new catalytic approach for the synthesis of substituted quinolines via C-N and C-C bond formation using 2-haloaryl hydroxylamines and allylic C-H substrates is described. Fe-catalyzed allylic C-H amination followed by Pd-catalyzed intramolecular Heck-coupling and aerobic dehydrogenation deliver the valuable quinoline and naphthyridine heterocycles in good to excellent overall yields. In this process, Pd(OAc)2 plays a dual role in catalyzing Heck coupling as well as aerobic dehydrogenation of dihydroquinolines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siva Murru
- Department of Chemistry, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette, LA 70504, USA.
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Abstract
A combinatorial library of novel oxazol-thiazole bis-heterocycles was synthesized in good to excellent overall yields with high purity using a solution and solid-phase parallel synthesis approach. Oxazole amino acids, prepared from serine methyl ester and amino acids via coupling and cyclodehydration, were treated with Fmoc-NCS and α-haloketones for the parallel synthesis of diverse bis-heterocycles. Fmoc-isothiocyanate is used as a traceless reagent for thiazole formation. Oxazole diversity can be achieved by using variety of amino acids, whereas thiazole diversity is produced with various haloketones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siva Murru
- Torrey Pines Institute for Molecular Studies, 11350
SW Village Parkway, Port St Lucie, Florida 34987, United States
| | - Adel Nefzi
- Torrey Pines Institute for Molecular Studies, 11350
SW Village Parkway, Port St Lucie, Florida 34987, United States
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Affiliation(s)
- Siva Murru
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette, Louisiana 70504,
United States
| | - August A. Gallo
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette, Louisiana 70504,
United States
| | - Radhey S. Srivastava
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette, Louisiana 70504,
United States
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Affiliation(s)
- Siva Murru
- Department of Chemistry, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette, Louisiana 70504, United States
| | - August A. Gallo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette, Louisiana 70504, United States
| | - Radhey S. Srivastava
- Department of Chemistry, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette, Louisiana 70504, United States
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Yella R, Ghosh H, Murru S, Sahoo SK, Patel BK. Efficient Preparation of Isothiocyanates From Dithiocarbamates Using Bromineless Brominating Reagent. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/00397910903219476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh Yella
- a Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology , Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Harisadhan Ghosh
- a Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology , Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Siva Murru
- a Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology , Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Santosh K. Sahoo
- a Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology , Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Bhisma K. Patel
- a Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology , Guwahati, Assam, India
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Yella R, Murru S, Ali AR, Patel BK. Arylthioureas with bromine or its equivalents gives no ‘Hugerschoff’ reaction product. Org Biomol Chem 2010; 8:3389-93. [DOI: 10.1039/c003892j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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25
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Murru S, Mondal P, Yella R, Patel BK. Copper(I)-Catalyzed Cascade Synthesis of 2-Substituted 1,3-Benzothiazoles: Direct Access to Benzothiazolones. European J Org Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200900711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Murru S, Ghosh H, Sahoo SK, Patel BK. Intra- and Intermolecular C−S Bond Formation Using a Single Catalytic System: First Direct Access to Arylthiobenzothiazoles. Org Lett 2009; 11:4254-7. [PMID: 19736914 DOI: 10.1021/ol9017535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Siva Murru
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institution of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781 039, India
| | - Harisadhan Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institution of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781 039, India
| | - Santosh K. Sahoo
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institution of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781 039, India
| | - Bhisma K. Patel
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institution of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781 039, India
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Siva Murru
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institution of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781 039, India
| | - Santosh K. Sahoo
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institution of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781 039, India
| | - Bhisma K. Patel
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institution of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781 039, India
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Affiliation(s)
- Siva Murru
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Reims, UMR 6229 CNRS-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, UFR des Sciences exactes et naturelles, BP 1039, 51687 REIMS Cedex 2, France, and Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Bhisma K. Patel
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Reims, UMR 6229 CNRS-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, UFR des Sciences exactes et naturelles, BP 1039, 51687 REIMS Cedex 2, France, and Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Jean Le Bras
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Reims, UMR 6229 CNRS-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, UFR des Sciences exactes et naturelles, BP 1039, 51687 REIMS Cedex 2, France, and Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Jacques Muzart
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Reims, UMR 6229 CNRS-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, UFR des Sciences exactes et naturelles, BP 1039, 51687 REIMS Cedex 2, France, and Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam, India
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Bagaria P, Saha S, Murru S, Kavala V, Patel BK, Roy RK. A comprehensive decomposition analysis of stabilization energy (CDASE) and its application in locating the rate-determining step of multi-step reactions. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2009; 11:8306-15. [DOI: 10.1039/b902335f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Abstract
Reaction of asymmetrical 1,3-disubstituted thioureas with diacetoxyiodobenzene (DIB) produces regioselectively N-acetylurea in shorter time. Regioselectivity is dependent on the pKa's of the amine attached to the thiourea moiety with acylation taking place toward the amine having a lower pKa. This is the first example of DIB being employed as an N-acetylating agent. A mechanism for this novel transformation is also proposed. Mild reaction conditions, shorter reaction times, high efficiencies, environmentally benign methods, and facile isolation of the desired product make the present methodology a most suitable alternative.
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Affiliation(s)
- C B Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati, Assam, India
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Murru S, Kavala V, Singh C, Patel BK. A one-pot synthesis of 1,4-dithiins and 1,4-benzodithiins from ketones using the recyclable reagent 1,1′-(ethane-1,2-diyl)dipyridinium bistribromide (EDPBT). Tetrahedron Lett 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2006.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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33
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Singh CB, Murru S, Kavala V, Patel BK. It Is “Thiazolidene-2-imine” and Not Imidazole-2-thione as the Reaction Product of 1-Benzoyl-3-phenylthiourea with Br2/Enolizable Ketone. Org Lett 2006; 8:5397-9. [PMID: 17078727 DOI: 10.1021/ol062371b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
[Structure: see text] The products obtained by the reaction of benzoyl-3-phenylthioureas with bromine and enolizable ketones in the presence of triethylamine are not imidazole-2-thione derivatives as reported (Org. Lett. 2003, 5, 1657-1659) rather they are thiazolidene-2-imine derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- C B Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781 039, Assam, India
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Maffei M, Volpe L, Di Cianni G, Bertacca A, Ferdeghini M, Murru S, Teti G, Casadidio I, Cecchetti P, Navalesi R, Benzi L. Plasma leptin levels in newborns from normal and diabetic mothers. Horm Metab Res 1998; 30:575-80. [PMID: 9808327 DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-978936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Leptin can be considered as a peripheral signal which informs the centers about the mass of energy stores. Studies done on the human adult population have demonstrated that degree of adiposity and insulin levels play a major role as determinants of leptin circulating levels. The aim of this study was to evaluate which factors may influence leptin levels at birth. We examined the role played by baby size and by the metabolic environment the fetus was exposed to during pregnancy. We considered 85 newborns from normal (n = 60), gestational (GDM, n = 17) and pregestational (IDDM = 8) diabetes mellitus mothers. At delivery, blood was taken from the umbilical cord vein. Babies from normal and GDM mothers were subdivided into AGA (appropriate for gestational age) and LGA (large for gestational age). There was no difference in leptin levels between babies from normal or GDM mothers belonging to the same weight category, but leptin levels were always higher in LGA than in AGA newborns, and highly correlated with birth weight (r = 0.34, P = 0.001). Moreover, IDDM mothers gave birth to newborns with significantly higher levels of leptin and insulin when compared with normal and GDM mothers. Diabetes of both GDM and IDDM mothers was clinically well controlled (HbA1c was 4.0 and 7.2, respectively). The correlation between leptin and insulin was significant only when newborns from IDDM mothers were included in the regression analysis (r = 0.39, P = 0.0002). Our results suggest that degree of adiposity is one of the main regulators of leptin concentration in the human newborn and that babies exposed to an altered, though clinically controlled, metabolic environment, as in IDDM mothers, have increased levels of leptin.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Maffei
- Department of Metabolic Disease, University of Pisa, Italy
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Volpe L, Di Cianni G, Bottone P, Orsini P, Murru S, Casadidio I, Marselli L, Benzi L, Navalesi R. Gestational diabetes: clinical characteristics and birth weight. Ann Ist Super Sanita 1998; 33:407-10. [PMID: 9542272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This retrospective study investigates the clinical characteristics of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) (time of diagnosis, different treatment, metabolic parameters, etc.) in relation to prepregnancy body mass index (BMI) and the influence of BMI on neonatal outcome. 93 GDM women and 110 control subjects were divided into three groups in relation to their prepregnancy BMI: normalweight (Nw), overweight (Ow) and obese (Ob). GDM was diagnosed significantly (p < 0.01) earlier in Ow and Ob than in Nw. Preterm deliveries and cesarean sections resulted significantly (p < 0.01) increased in all BMI categories of GDM respect to matched controls. Prevalence of neonatal macrosomia was higher in GDM patients (44.6%) compared with normal controls (15.4%) and correlated (p < 0.01) with prepregnancy BMI in both groups. Nevertheless in each BMI category the prevalence of macrosomia was significantly higher in GDM patients. The body weight increase during pregnancy was not associated with neonatal macrosomia. This study shows that prepregnancy BMI is an important risk factor for GDM and is predictive for macrosomia specially in women suffering from GDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Volpe
- Cattedra di Malattie del Metabolismo, Università degli Studi, Pisa, Italy
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Abstract
The rat tyrosine hydroxylase gene (TH) from a panel of outbred and inbred rat strains has been analysed by Southern blotting, restriction-endonuclease mapping and direct sequencing of PCR-amplified products for detecting DNA polymorphisms. Five polymorphic sites have been characterized. This information may be used in pharmacogenetic studies to determine the influence of the TH gene in animal models of affective disorders and addictive behaviours.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Murru
- Istituto di Clinica e Biologia dell'Etá Evolutiva, Universitá degli Studi di Cagliari, Italy
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Di Cianni G, Benzi L, Bottone P, Volpe L, Orsini P, Murru S, Casadidio I, Clemente F, Navalesi R. Neonatal outcome and obstetric complications in women with gestational diabetes: effects of maternal body mass index. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 1996; 20:445-449. [PMID: 8696423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate in a selected population the clinical characteristics (time of diagnosis, different treatment, metabolic parameters, etc.) of gestational diabetes in relation to prepregnancy body mass index (BMI) and the influence of BMI on neonatal outcome. DESIGN This study was retrospectively led using a computerized data system for all deliveries that occurred at the Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology of the University of Pisa (Italy) from 1 January 1987 to 31 December 1992. SUBJECTS 93 women with GDM and 110 control subjects divided into three groups according to their pre-pregnancy BMI: normal weight (Nw), overweight (Ow) and obese (Ob). MEASUREMENTS Time of diagnosis, mode of treatment and metabolic control of GDM; time and mode of delivery, neonatal outcome (macrosomia, respiratory distress syndrome, hyperbilirubinemia, hypoglycemia, polycythemia, hypocalcemia). RESULTS GDM was diagnosed earlier in Ow and Ob than in Nw (p < 0.01) and insulin treatment was used in 86% of Ob-GDM, 91% of Ow-GDM and in 77% of Nw-GDM women (p < 0.001). Preterm deliveries and cesarean sections resulted significantly increased in all BMI categories of GDM patients with respect to matched normal controls. Prevalence of neonatal macrosomia was higher in GDM patients (44.6%) compared with normal controls (15.4%) and correlated (p > 0.01) with prepregnancy BMI in both groups. The body weight increase during pregnancy was not associated with neonatal macrosomia. CONCLUSIONS The degree of overweight is associated with an earlier diagnosis of GDM; prepregnancy BMI is more predictive of macrosomia than weight gain, both in control and GDM women; GDM seems to play the most important role in increasing the possibility of the occurrence of macrosomia.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Di Cianni
- Department of Metabolic Disease, Institute of Clinical Medicine II, University of Pisa, Italy
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Murru S, Casula L, Casarino L, Moi P, Rocchi M, Loi A, Figus A, Mannella M, Poddie D, Kenwrick S. A DNA fragment from Xq21 replaces a deleted region containing the entire FVIII gene in a severe hemophilia A patient. Genomics 1994; 23:352-61. [PMID: 7835884 DOI: 10.1006/geno.1994.1511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
In this paper we report the molecular characterization of a large deletion that removes the entire Factor VIII gene in a severe hemophilia A patient. Accurate DNA analysis of the breakpoint region revealed that a large DNA fragment replaced the 300-kb one, which was removed by the deletion. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis analysis revealed that the size of the inserted fragment is about 550 kb. In situ hybridization demonstrated that part of the inserted region normally maps to Xq21 and to the tip of the short arm of the Y chromosome (Yp). In our patient this locus is present both in Xq21 and in Xq28, in addition to the Yp, being thus duplicated in the X chromosome. Sequence analysis of the 3' breakpoint suggested that an illegitimate recombination is probably the cause of this complex rearrangement.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Murru
- Istituto di Clinica e Biologia dell' Etá Evolutiva, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Italy
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Murru S, Pischedda MC, Cao A, Rosatelli MC, Pirastu M, Sciarratta GV, Manca L, Gallisai D, Toffoli C. A promoter mutation of the beta-globin gene (-101 C-->T) has an age-related expression pattern. Blood 1993; 81:2818-9. [PMID: 7683931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
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40
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Murru S, Loudianos G, Porcu S, Sciarratta GV, Agosti S, Parodi MI, Cao A, Pirastu M. A beta-thalassaemia phenotype not linked to the beta-globin cluster in an Italian family. Br J Haematol 1992; 81:283-7. [PMID: 1643026 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.1992.tb08221.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
This paper describes a family of Central Italian origin in which three patients in two generations had either thalassaemia intermedia or a late presenting form of thalassaemia major. Sequence analysis of the patients' DNA revealed that only one of the beta-globin genes was affected by a beta-thalassaemia mutation (the codon 39 nonsense mutation), the other being completely normal, apart from the complex rearrangement (-T +ATA) at position -530 5' to the CAP site of the beta-globin gene, which has uncertain clinical significance. Haematologically, all these patients were characterized by unusually low HbF levels (1.8-7.3%) for a beta-thalassaemia major or intermedia phenotype. The mother of the two patients with thalassaemia intermedia was heterozygous for beta-thalassaemia (codon 39 nonsense mutation), while the father had thalassaemia-like red cell indices, an increased alpha/non alpha chain synthesis ratio, a slight increase of HbF and a low HbA2 level, but showed entirely normal beta-globin gene sequences, apart from the complex rearrangement (-T +ATA) at position -530 5' to the CAP site. One of the thalassaemia intermedia patients married a normal woman and they had a child with thalassaemia major who inherited only the codon 39 nonsense mutation but not the complex rearrangement at position -530. The clinical phenotype of thalassaemia-intermedia or major in the patients from this family may be explained by postulating the inheritance of the double heterozygous state for beta-thalassaemia and for a mutation in a gene coding for an erythroid-specific DNA binding protein which may impair the function of the normal beta-globin gene. Heterozygosity for this postulated mutation (father of the patients with thalassaemia intermedia) may result in the production of a beta-thalassaemia carrier state with normal HbA2 level.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Murru
- Istituto di Clinica e Biologia dell'Età Evolutiva, Università degli Studi di Cagliari
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41
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Meloni A, Rosatelli MC, Faà V, Sardu R, Saba L, Murru S, Sciarratta GV, Baldi M, Tannoia N, Vitucci A. Promoter mutations producing mild beta-thalassaemia in the Italian population. Br J Haematol 1992; 80:222-6. [PMID: 1550780 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.1992.tb08904.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
In this study we have investigated the molecular basis for a mild form of beta-thalassaemia in three patients of Italian descent. In two, belonging to different families and affected by a mild and late-presenting form of thalassaemia major, direct sequencing of amplified DNA detected a C----T substitution at position -87 of the beta-globin gene in the compound heterozygous state either with codon 39 nonsense mutation or beta +IVSI, nt 110 mutation. The -87 (C----T) mutation has been previously described, in combination with the beta +IVSI, nt 110 mutation, in a single patient with thalassaemia intermedia. Both our patients showed a more severe phenotype as compared to that resulting from compound heterozygosity for a severe beta-thalassaemia mutation and another promoter mutation (-87, C----G) at the same position. In the third patient with the thalassaemia intermedia phenotype, we detected a novel promoter mutation, consisting in a C----A substitution at position -86, in combination with the codon 39 nonsense mutation. The results of this study indicate that different nucleotide substitutions affecting the proximal CACCC box of the beta-globin gene in combination with severe beta-thalassaemia, produce a mild form of thalassaemia ranging in severity from thalassaemia intermedia to late-presenting thalassaemia major.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Meloni
- Istituto di Ricerca sulle Talassemie e Anemie Mediterranee CNR, Cagliari, Italy
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42
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Moi P, Loudianos G, Lavinha J, Murru S, Cossu P, Casu R, Oggiano L, Longinotti M, Cao A, Pirastu M. Delta-thalassemia due to a mutation in an erythroid-specific binding protein sequence 3' to the delta-globin gene. Blood 1992; 79:512-6. [PMID: 1309671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
We have previously described a family of Northern Sardinian descent in which the propositus was affected by thalassemia major resulting from compound heterozygosity for codon 39 nonsense mutation and the beta +IVS II nt 745 mutation and in which all heterozygotes for the beta +IVS II nt 745 mutation had normal hemoglobin (Hb) A2 levels. To define the reasons for normal HbA2 levels in otherwise typical beta-thalassemia heterozygotes, we cloned and sequenced the delta-thalassemia gene in cis to the beta +IVS II nt 745 mutation. The sequence analysis showed a single nucleotide substitution (G----A) at position 69 nts (delta +69) downstream to the polyA addition site. Dot blot analysis with an oligonucleotide probe complementary to the delta +69 mutation detected this mutation in several heterozygotes for the beta +IVS II nt 745 mutation from the proband's family, but failed to show it either in a group of normal individuals of the same origin or in nonrelated heterozygotes for the beta +IVS II nt 745 mutation of the same or different descent from the proband. The delta +69 (G----A) mutation may be responsible for the low delta-globin output from the beta +IVS II nt 745 chromosome or could be a silent polymorphism not affecting the function of the delta-globin gene. The normal G at position 69 is part of a sequence very similar to the core DNA (A/T)GATA(A/G) motif (GATA box) that is a binding site for the GATA-1 protein. Gel-retardation assay has shown that a DNA fragment containing the GATA motif with the G----A at position +69 has increased binding affinity for erythroid-specific DNA binding protein(s) as compared with the wild-type sequence. These findings may suggest that the delta +69 mutation is responsible for the deficient function of the in cis delta-globin gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Moi
- Ospedale Regionale per le Microcitemie, USL 21, Cagliari, Italy
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43
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Loudianos G, Murru S, Ristaldi MS, Cossu P, Pilia G, Porcu S, Sciarratta GV, Parodi MI, Cao A, Pirastu M. A novel delta-thalassemia mutation A G-->C substitution at codon 30 of the delta-globin gene in a person of southern Italian origin. Hum Mutat 1992; 1:169-71. [PMID: 1301204 DOI: 10.1002/humu.1380010215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G Loudianos
- Istituto di Clinica e Biologia dell'Età Evolutiva, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Italy
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Murru S, Poddie D, Sciarratta GV, Agosti S, Baffico M, Melevendi C, Pirastu M, Cao A. A novel beta-globin structural mutant, Hb Brescia (beta 114 Leu-Pro), causing a severe beta-thalassemia intermedia phenotype. Hum Mutat 1992; 1:124-8. [PMID: 1301199 DOI: 10.1002/humu.1380010207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
This study describes a patient with a thalassemia intermedia-like phenotype in whom beta-globin gene sequencing detected a novel abnormal hemoglobin (Hb) due to a T-C substitution at codon 114 of the beta-globin gene arising as a de novo mutation. The abnormal variant was designated Hb Brescia after the place of birth of the propositus. Normal sequences were detected at the in trans beta-globin locus. In addition, alpha-globin gene analysis detected a triple alpha-globin locus which was inherited from the father. The T-C change at position 114 of the beta-globin gene results in a leucine to proline substitution (Leu-Pro) in the G-helix. The resulting Hb tetramer is highly unstable and precipitates forming inclusion bodies in the peripheral red blood cells. Moreover, the Leu-Pro substitution interferes negatively with the four alpha 1 beta 1 contact points of the G-helix most likely adversely affecting the alpha beta dimer formation. The very severe phenotype presented by our patient is unusual in a heterozygote for an unstable Hb variant and may be explained by the coinheritance of the triple alpha-globin locus.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Murru
- Istituto di Clinica e Biologia dell'Età Evolutiva, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Italy
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Loudianos G, Murru S, Kanavakis E, Metaxotou-Mavromati A, Theodoropoulou D, Kattamis C, Cao A, Pirastu M. A new delta chain variant hemoglobin A2-Corfu or alpha 2 delta 2 116 Arg----Cys (G18), detected by delta-globin gene analysis in a Greek family. Hum Genet 1991; 87:237-8. [PMID: 2066116 DOI: 10.1007/bf00204193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G Loudianos
- Istituto di Clinica e Biologia dell'Età Evolutiva, Università Studi Cagliari, Italy
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Sangiuolo F, Novelli G, Murru S, Dallapiccola B. A serine-to-arginine (AGT-to-CGT) mutation in codon 549 of the CFTR gene in an Italian patient with severe cystic fibrosis. Genomics 1991; 9:788-9. [PMID: 1903761 DOI: 10.1016/0888-7543(91)90380-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- F Sangiuolo
- Dipartimento di Sanitá Pubblica e Biologia Cellulare, II, Universitá di Roma, Italy
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47
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Murru S, Loudianos G, Deiana M, Camaschella C, Sciarratta GV, Agosti S, Parodi MI, Cerruti P, Cao A, Pirastu M. Molecular characterization of beta-thalassemia intermedia in patients of Italian descent and identification of three novel beta-thalassemia mutations. Blood 1991; 77:1342-7. [PMID: 2001456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we have defined by dot-blot analysis with allelic specific oligonucleotide probes or direct sequencing on amplified DNA the beta-thalassemia mutations in a large group of patients (23) of Italian descent with thalassemia intermedia. These patients had one parent with either the silent beta-thalassemia carrier phenotype or borderline-normal hemoglobin A2 (HbA2) levels (2.5% to 3.5%). Nearly all were genetic compounds for a severe beta-thalassemia mutation and a beta-thalassemia mutation associated with high residual output of beta-globin chains (beta + intervening sequence [IVS]-I-nt6, beta -87, beta -101), indicating that inheritance of a mild beta-thalassemia allele, even in a single dose, is the most common molecular mechanism producing thalassemia intermedia in the Italian population. In three cases, in whom we failed to define by dot-blot analysis the mutations, we sequenced the beta + globin gene and found three novel beta-thalassemia mutations, which are certainly very rare because they have been hitherto detected solely in a single patient. These mutations consist of: (1) a T-A substitution at position 2 of IVS-I, in a patient compound heterozygote for this mutation and the -87 promoter mutation; (2) a G-C substitution at position 844 of IVS-II, in a patient heterozygous for this mutation who showed normal sequences at the in trans beta-globin gene (The reason for the presence of clinical manifestations in a beta-thalassemia heterozygote has not been defined.); and (3) a deletion of one nucleotide (-T) at codon 126, resulting in a frameshift and readthrough of the 5' untranslated region and most likely producing an elongated Hb molecule of 156 amino acid residues, in a patient heterozygous for this mutation with normal beta-globin gene sequences at the other locus.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Murru
- Istituto di Clinica e Biologia dell'Età Evolutiva, Università degli Studi, Cagliari, Italy
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48
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Pirastu M, Ristaldi MS, Loudianos G, Murru S, Sciarratta GV, Parodi MI, Leone D, Agosti S, Cao A. Molecular analysis of atypical beta-thalassemia heterozygotes. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1990; 612:90-7. [PMID: 2291578 DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1990.tb24294.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
This paper reviews the molecular pathology of a heterogeneous group of beta-thalassemia heterozygotes which may be referred to as atypical beta-thalassemia. This group includes four different categories of heterozygous beta-thalassemia, which are characterized, respectively, by (1) normal MCV and MCH; (2) normal Hb A2; (3) normal MCV, MCH, and Hb A2 and imbalanced globin chain synthesis only or, (4) the presence of clinical manifestations. The first group is represented by a limited proportion of double heterozygotes for alpha- and beta-thalassemia. The second group includes two categories. One category is double heterozygotes for delta- and beta-thalassemia with the delta-thalassemia mutation in cis or in trans to beta-thalassemia. A number of delta-thalassemia mutations which produce this phenotype by interacting with beta-thalassemia have been described. The other category within the second group is heterozygotes for some mild beta(+)-thalassemia mutations. Within the third group, conclusive evidence for a mutation within the beta-globin gene cluster producing the silent beta-thalassemia phenotype has been obtained solely for a C----T substitution at -101 within the CACCC box of the beta-globin gene. Possible candidates are the complex rearrangements (-T, +ATA; -T, +ATATA) found at position -530 from the cap site. In the group of thalassemic hemoglobinopathies, a series of mutations mostly located in the third exon and producing elongated or truncated molecules have been recently reported. Most of the mutations are silent at the protein level, produce inclusion bodies in peripheral erythrocytes, and show a dominant transmission pattern or occur sporadically.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Pirastu
- Istituto di Ricerca sulle Talassemie e Anemie Mediterranee, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Cagliari, Italy
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Murru S, Loudianos G, Cao A, Vaccargiu S, Pirastu M, Sciarratta GV, Agosti S, Parodi MI. A beta-thalassemia carrier with normal sequence within the beta-globin gene. Blood 1990; 76:2164-5. [PMID: 2242438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
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Murru S, Casula L, Pecorara M, Mori P, Cao A, Pirastu M. Illegitimate recombination produced a duplication within the FVIII gene in a patient with mild hemophilia A. Genomics 1990; 7:115-8. [PMID: 2159433 DOI: 10.1016/0888-7543(90)90526-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
We have characterized an unusual duplication of exon 13 within the factor VIII gene in a patient with a mild form of hemophilia A. This duplication was the result of a nonhomologous breakage and reunion event of two misaligned wild-type chromosomes. Sequence analysis of the breakpoint region revealed the presence of AT-rich sequences and possible topoisomerase I sites, whose involvement in several cases of illegitimate recombination has been postulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Murru
- Istituto di Clinica e Biologia dell'Età Evolutiva, Università Studi Cagliari, Italy
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