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Hoseini M, Samaei MR, Shahesmaeili A, Martínez SS, Amiri H. Using biomonitoring as a complementary approach in BTEX exposure assessment in the general population and occupational settings: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Rev Environ Health 2023; 38:493-510. [PMID: 35751850 DOI: 10.1515/reveh-2022-0042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Hazardous organic compounds such as benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, o-xylene, m-xylene, and p-xylene (known as BTEX) found at work and at home can cause adverse health effects of human beings throughout their lives. Biological monitoring, an exposure assessment method, considers all exposed organic and non-organic compounds. Our goal was to perform a systematic review and a statistical analysis (meta-analysis) of peer-reviewed publications to assess urinary concentrations of BTEX biomarkers in both occupationally-exposed population and the general population. Several major electronic databases, including Scopus, Embase, Medline, Web of Science, and Google scholar (grey literature), were searched for biomonitoring studies of BTEX. Overall, 33 studies met the eligible criteria for the systematic review and six met the full inclusion criteria for meta-analysis. For meta-analysis, we included studies in which unmetabolized BTEX compounds were measured in urine samples. Due to insufficient data, studies that measured BTEX metabolites in urine samples and unmetabolized BTEX compounds in blood samples were excluded from the meta-analysis but were analyzed in the qualitative synthesis. Most studies showed increased urinary concentrations of BTEX in exposed individuals (mainly workers) compared to unexposed individuals. The results showed that the highest total BTEX concentrations were recorded in painters and policemen. This study showed that the undoubted associations between lifestyle and environmental factors and urinary levels of BTEX or its metabolites have not yet been confirmed in current biomonitoring studies. This is attributed to the few studies reported in this research area, the lack of homogeneous information, and the disagreement in the published results of the studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Hoseini
- Research Center for Health Sciences, Institute of Health, Department of Environmental Health, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Samaei
- Research Center for Health Sciences, Institute of Health, Department of Environmental Health, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Armita Shahesmaeili
- HIV/STI Surveillance Research Center, and WHO Collaborating Center for HIV Surveillance, Institute for Futures Studies in Health Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Susana Silva Martínez
- Centro de Investigación en Ingeniería y Ciencias Aplicadas, Av. Universidad 1001, Col. Chamilpa Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Hoda Amiri
- Environmental Health Engineering Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Public Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
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Noorimotlagh Z, Dehvari M, Mirzaee SA, Jaafarzadeh N, Martínez SS, Amarloei A. Efficient sonocatalytic degradation of orange II dye and real textile wastewater using peroxymonosulfate activated with a novel heterogeneous TiO 2–FeZn bimetallic nanocatalyst. J IRAN CHEM SOC 2023. [PMCID: PMC9999323 DOI: 10.1007/s13738-023-02780-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
TiO2–FeZn nanocatalyst combined with sonolysis were used to activate peroxymonosulfate (PMS) as a highly efficient advanced oxidation process (US/TiO2–FeZn/PMS) for the decoloration of orange II dye (OII) and real textile wastewater. The characterization of the as-synthesized NPs was performed by SEM, FTIR, EDX and XRD analyses. Optimal experimental conditions of operational parameters were obtained: pH = 3, 15 mg/L initial OII concentration, 0.2 g/L PMS, 0.7 g/L nanocatalyst dosing, and 300 W ultrasonic power. The decolorization was observed to increase with increasing the dose of nanocatalyst and the ultrasonic power, and with decreasing pH (under acidic conditions). Under optimal experimental conditions, decolorization and COD removal of textile wastewater were 99.9% and 74.6%, respectively, at 40 min. The TiO2–FeZn/PMS/US as a novel process exhibited a higher removal of OII (95%) than TiO2 NPs/PMS/US process (54%). The OII removal efficiency by the different processes decreased in the following order: TiO2–FeZn/US/PMS > TiO2–FeZn/PMS > TiO2–FeZn/US > TiO2 /US/PMS > US/PMS > TiO2–FeZn > PMS > US. The recyclability study revealed that the process could be reused up to three consecutive cycles. The current US/nanocatalyst/PMS system was concluded to be an efficient, reusable and stable nanocatalyst for the oxidation of textile dyes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Noorimotlagh
- Health and Environment Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Mahboobeh Dehvari
- Environmental Technologies Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Seyyed Abbas Mirzaee
- Health and Environment Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran ,Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Neemat Jaafarzadeh
- Environmental Technologies Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Susana Silva Martínez
- Centro de Investigación en Ingeniería y Ciencias Aplicadas, Av. Universidad 1001, Col. Chamilpa, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Ali Amarloei
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
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Noorimotlagh Z, Jaafarzadeh N, Martínez SS, Mirzaee SA. A systematic review of possible airborne transmission of the COVID-19 virus (SARS-CoV-2) in the indoor air environment. Environ Res 2021; 193:110612. [PMID: 33309820 PMCID: PMC7726526 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.110612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/05/2020] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
At the end of December 2019, the rapid spread of the COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) disease and, subsequently, deaths around the world, lead to the declaration of the pandemic situation in the world. At the beginning of the epidemic, much attention is paid to person-to-person transmission, disinfection of virus-contaminated surfaces, and social distancing. However, there is much debate about the routes of disease transmission, including airborne transmission, so it is important to elucidate the exact route of transmission of the COVID-19 disease. To this end, the first systematic review study was conducted to comprehensively search all databases to collect studies on airborne transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in indoor air environments. In total, 14 relevant and eligible studies were included. Based on the findings, there is a great possibility of airborne transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in indoor air environments. Therefore, some procedures are presented such as improving ventilation, especially in hospitals and crowded places, and observing the interpersonal distance of more than 2 m so that experts in indoor air quality consider them to improve the indoor air environments. Finally, in addition to the recommendations of the centers and official authorities such as hand washing and observing social distancing, the route of air transmission should also be considered to further protect health personnel, patients in hospitals, and the public in other Public Buildings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Noorimotlagh
- Biotechnology and Medical Plants Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran; Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Health, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran.
| | - Neemat Jaafarzadeh
- Environmental Technologies Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Susana Silva Martínez
- Centro de Investigación en Ingeniería y Ciencias Aplicadas, Av. Universidad 1001, Col. Chamilpa, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico.
| | - Seyyed Abbas Mirzaee
- Zoonotic Diseases Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran; Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Health, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran.
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Ramírez RJ, Arellano CAP, Gallegos AAÁ, González AEJ, Martínez SS. H2O2-assisted TiO2 generation during the photoelectrocatalytic process to decompose the acid green textile dye by Fenton reaction. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2015.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Pineda Arellano CA, González AJ, Martínez SS, Salgado-Tránsito I, Franco CP. Enhanced mineralization of atrazine by means of photodegradation processes using solar energy at pilot plant scale. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2013.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Gutiérrez DJR, Mathews NR, Martínez SS. Photocatalytic activity enhancement of TiO2 thin films with silver doping under visible light. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2013.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Martínez SS, Uribe EV. Enhanced sonochemical degradation of azure B dye by the electroFenton process. Ultrason Sonochem 2012; 19:174-178. [PMID: 21664169 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2011.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2010] [Revised: 05/13/2011] [Accepted: 05/14/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The degradation of azure B dye (C15H16ClN3S; AB) has been studied by Fenton, sonolysis and sono-electroFenton processes employing ultrasound at 23 kHz and the electrogeneration of H2O2 at the reticulated vitreous carbon electrode. It was found that the dye degradation followed apparent first-order kinetics in all the degradation processes tested. The rate constant was affected by both the pH of the solution and initial concentration of Fe2+, with the highest degradation obtained at pH between 2.6 and 3. The first-order rate constant decreased in the following order: sono-electroFenton>Fenton>sonolysis. The rate constant for AB degradation by sono-electroFenton is ∼10-fold that of sonolysis and ∼2-fold the one obtained by Fenton under silent conditions. The chemical oxygen demand was abated ∼68% and ∼85% by Fenton and sono-electroFenton respectively, achieving AB concentration removal over 90% with both processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Silva Martínez
- Centro de Investigación en Ingeniería y Ciencias Aplicadas (CIICAp), Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos (UAEM), Av. Universidad 1001, Col Chamilpa, Cuernavaca, Mor. C.P. 62209, Mexico.
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Martínez SS, Bahena CL. Chlorbromuron urea herbicide removal by electro-Fenton reaction in aqueous effluents. Water Res 2009; 43:33-40. [PMID: 18986666 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2008.09.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2008] [Revised: 09/23/2008] [Accepted: 09/26/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The removal of low concentration of chlorbromuron herbicide in aqueous systems was carried out by electro-Fenton process comprised of three-electrode divided and undivided cell with a reticulated vitreous carbon cathode and platinum anode. The electro-Fenton was also carried out in a two-electrode undivided cell in which ferrous ion forms from a sacrificial iron anode. It was observed that the total organic carbon (TOC) removal efficiency was influenced by the cell voltage, the pH of the solution and initial herbicide concentration during the electro-Fenton treatment with a stainless steel anode. The Fe(2+)/Fe(3+) activity in the Fenton chemistry (regardless if it is hydroxyl radical or ferryl ion) was improved by the electrochemical catalysis leading to a TOC analysis below the detection limit (0.2 mg l(-1)) corresponding to a TOC removal over 98%. It was found that TOC removal during chlorbromuron degradation followed apparent first order kinetics. The rate constant was increased by decreasing the initial concentration of chlorbromuron.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Silva Martínez
- Centro de Investigación en Ingeniería y Ciencias Aplicadas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Avenida Universidad 1001, Colonia Chamilpa, 62209 Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico.
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González AS, Martínez SS. Study of the sonophotocatalytic degradation of basic blue 9 industrial textile dye over slurry titanium dioxide and influencing factors. Ultrason Sonochem 2008; 15:1038-1042. [PMID: 18468474 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2008.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2007] [Revised: 01/25/2008] [Accepted: 03/22/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The sonophotocatalytic degradation of basic blue 9 industrial textile dye has been studied in the presence of ultrasound (20 kHz) over a TiO(2) slurry employing an UV lamp (15 W, 352 nm). It was observed that the color removal efficiency was influenced by the pH of the solution, initial dye concentration and TiO(2) amount. It was found that the dye degradation followed apparent first order kinetics. The rate constant increased by decreasing dye concentration and was affected by the pH of the solution with the highest degradation obtained at pH 7. The first order rate constants obtained with sonophotocatalysis were twofold and tenfold than those obtained under photocatalysis and sonolysis, respectively. The chemical oxygen demand was abated over 80%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonia Sandoval González
- Centro de Investigación en Ingeniería y Ciencias Aplicadas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Avenve Universidad 1001, Col Chamilpa, Cuernavaca, Mor. C.P. 62209, Mexico
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Bahena CL, Martínez SS, Guzmán DM, Del Refugio Trejo Hernández M. Sonophotocatalytic degradation of alazine and gesaprim commercial herbicides in TiO2 slurry. Chemosphere 2008; 71:982-989. [PMID: 18083212 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2007.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2007] [Revised: 11/02/2007] [Accepted: 11/02/2007] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The photocatalytic degradation of alazine and gesaprim commercial herbicides was carried out in aqueous TiO(2) suspensions under UV light (15W, 352 nm). Degradation of these herbicides was also observed by the combined effects of photocatalysis with sonolysis (sonophotocatalysis) using an ultrasound source of 20kHz. Degradation profiles were recorded by measuring the concentration of the active compounds present in the alazine (alachlor and atrazine) and gesaprim (atrazine) by HPLC as a function of irradiation time (sound and/or light). Over 90% of the active component in the gesaprim was abated and those in alazine were completely degraded. The content of total organic carbon and chemical oxygen demand was also monitored. Mineralization of the commercial herbicides was achieved. Over 80% of chemical oxygen demand abatement was attained for both herbicides with sonophotocatalysis at 150 min of irradiation time. The photocatalytic degradation of the herbicides followed a pseudo-first order kinetics and their rate constant was increased by the combined effects of sonolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Lizama Bahena
- Posgrado en Ingeniería y Ciencias Aplicadas, FCQeI-CIICAp, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Avenida Universidad 1001, Col. Chamilpa, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62209, México
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