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Sudikno S, Mubasyiroh R, Rachmalina R, Arfines PP, Puspita T. Prevalence and associated factors for prehypertension and hypertension among Indonesian adolescents: a cross-sectional community survey. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e065056. [PMID: 36958771 PMCID: PMC10040007 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-065056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/25/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To estimate the prevalence and determine the associated factors for developing prehypertension and hypertension among Indonesian adolescents. DESIGN National cross-sectional study. SETTING This study was conducted in all the provinces in Indonesia. PARTICIPANTS The population in this study were all household members in Basic Health Research 2013 aged 15-19 years. The sample was all members of the 2013 Riskesdas household aged 15-19 years with the criteria of not having physical and mental disabilities, and having complete data. The number of samples analysed was 2735, comprising men (n=1319) and women (n=1416). MAIN OUTCOME Dependent variables were prehypertension and hypertension in adolescents based on blood pressure measurements. RESULTS The results of the analysis showed that the prevalence of prehypertension in adolescents was 16.8% and hypertension was 2.6%. In all adolescents, the risk factors for prehypertension were boys (adjusted OR, aOR 1.48; 95% CI 1.10 to 1.97), 18 years old (aOR 14.64; 95% CI 9.39 to 22.80), and 19 years old (aOR 19.89; 95% CI 12.41 to 31.88), and obese (aOR 2.16; 95% CI 1.02 to 4.58). Risk factors for hypertension in all adolescents included the age of 18 years old (aOR 3.06; 95% CI 1.28 to 7.34) and 19 years (aOR 3.25; 95% CI 1.25 to 8.41) and obesity (aOR 5.69; 95% CI 2.20 to 14.8). In adolescent girls, the chance of developing prehypertension increased with increasing age and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels. Several risk factors for hypertension in adolescent boys were age, central obesity and LDL cholesterol levels. CONCLUSION This study shows that the trend of prehypertension in adolescents has appeared, besides hypertension. There are distinct patterns of factors that influence it in adolescent girls and boys, which can be useful to sharpen of planning and implementing health programmes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudikno Sudikno
- Research Center for Public Health and Nutrition, Research Organization for Health, National Research and Innovation Agency Indonesia, Central Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Rofingatul Mubasyiroh
- Research Center for Public Health and Nutrition, Research Organization for Health, National Research and Innovation Agency Indonesia, Central Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Rika Rachmalina
- Research Center for Public Health and Nutrition, Research Organization for Health, National Research and Innovation Agency Indonesia, Central Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Prisca Petty Arfines
- Research Center for Public Health and Nutrition, Research Organization for Health, National Research and Innovation Agency Indonesia, Central Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Tities Puspita
- Research Center for Public Health and Nutrition, Research Organization for Health, National Research and Innovation Agency Indonesia, Central Jakarta, Indonesia
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Puspita T, Suryatma A, Simarmata OS, Veridona G, Lestary H, Athena A, Pambudi I, Sulistyo S, Pakasi TT. Spatial variation of tuberculosis risk in Indonesia 2010-2019. hsji 2021. [DOI: 10.22435/hsji.v12i2.5467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: As the second-highest country in tuberculosis (TB) cases globally, Indonesia has experienced an increasing trend of notification rate in the last ten years; however, the 34 provinces may have different risks. This study aims to examine TB risk variation across Indonesia in 2010-2019.
Methods: A descriptive analysis was conducted on TB routine data of 2010-2019 from the Ministry of Health. Cases included all types of TB patients. Total cases, incidence rate (IR), and standardized morbidity ratio (SMR) were calculated for each province and national level during the period. Distributions of IRs and SMRs were displayed on maps.
Results: During 2010-2019, 3,866,447 TB cases occurred in Indonesia, and the national IR was 1,523 per 100,000 populations. The highest proportion of cases and IR were in West Java (20.6%, 314 per 100,000); while the lowest was in North Kalimantan (0.2%, 3 per 100,000). Higher risks of TB occurred in DKI Jakarta (SMR 1.9), Papua (1.7), North Sulawesi (1.7), Maluku (1.5) and West Papua (1.5) among others. The smallest SMRs were found in Bali and Yogyakarta (0.5).
Conclusion: TB risk varied across Indonesia in 2010-2019, with a higher risk in DKI Jakarta and several provinces in eastern Indonesia. Given the underreporting nature of routine data, validation is required when using the finding of this study in the local-level intervention.
Keywords: tuberculosis, TB, standardized morbidity ratio, spatial variation, risk
Abstrak
Latar belakang: Sebagai negara dengan jumlah kasus tuberkulosis (TB) terbesar kedua di dunia, Indonesia menunjukkan tren peningkatan notification rate di sepuluh tahun terakhir. Akan tetapi, risiko TB di 34 provinsi bisa saja berbeda-beda. Artikel ini bertujuan mengkaji variasi risiko TB di Indonesia pada tahun 2010-2019.
Metode: Data rutin TB tahun 2010-2019 dari Kementerian Kesehatan dianalisis secara deskriptif. Kasus TB didefinisikan sebagai semua tipe pasien TB. Total jumlah kasus, incidence rate (IR), dan standardized morbidity ratio (SMR) dihitung untuk tiap provinsi dan tingkat nasional selama periode tersebut. Sebaran IR dan SMR diplot di atas peta.
Hasil: Selama 2010-2019, terdapat 3.866.447 kasus TB dan IR nasional 1.523 per 100.000 populasi. Proporsi kasus dan IR terbesar ada di Jawa Barat (20,6%, 314 per 100.000) dan terkecil di Kalimantan Utara (0,2%, 3 per 100.000). Risiko TB lebih tinggi di antaranya terjadi di DKI Jakarta (SMR 1,9), Papua (1,7), Sulawesi Utara (1,7), Maluku (1,5) dan Papua Barat (1,5). Standardized Morbidity Ratio terendah ditemukan di Bali dan Yogyakarta (0,5).
Kesimpulan: Dapat disimpulkan bahwa risiko TB beragam di seluruh Indonesia selama 2010-2019, di mana DKI Jakarta dan beberapa provinsi di timur Indonesia memiliki risiko lebih tinggi. Mengingat adanya kurang lapor dalam data rutin, validasi diperlukan jika menggunakan temuan studi ini dalam intervensi di tingkat lokal.
Kata kunci: tuberkulosis, TB, standardized morbidity ratio, variasi spasial, risiko
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Mubasyiroh R, Kusumawardani N, Rachmalina R, Arfines PP, Puspita T, Sudikno S. How Well Does Body Mass Index (BMI) Predict Undiagnosed Hypertension and Diabetes in Indonesian Adults Community Population? Glob J Health Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.5539/gjhs.v13n11p25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Previous studies have reported that Body Mass Index (BMI) cut-off was related to non-communicable diseases. This study aimed to give the latest evidence related to the accuracy of BMI cut-off towards undiagnosed hypertension and diabetes in the Indonesian population.
METHODS: This was A cross-sectional study that involved data of the 2018 national population-based health survey, with the samples were 15,516 male and female populations aged between 19 years old and above. This study only included those claimed to have never been diagnosed as suffering from diabetes and hypertension by health workers. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was conducted to assess the optimal BMI cut-off. The logistic regression was performed to assess the association of BMI on undiagnosed hypertension and diabetes controlled by several variables.
RESULTS: The average BMI sample was 24 kg/m2 (SD = 4.6 kg/m2. The proportion of undiagnosed hypertension was 36.9%, and 12.3% for the proportion of undiagnosed diabetes. According to the ROC, the result shows BMI was more sensitive to hypertension conditions compared to diabetes. BMI cut-off points at 23.9 kg/m2 (AUC=0.59;Se=64.3%;Sp=53.4%) was the optimum value to predict hypertension and 24.9 kg/m2 (AUC=0.55;Se=53.1%;Sp=56.4%) was the optimum for diabetes.
CONCLUSIONS: Based on the optimal AUC cut-off points for BMI which is around 0.5, BMI needs to be reconsidered as an anthropometric index in predicting undiagnosed hypertension and diabetes. And an assessment can be made using other anthropometric indices, such as waist circumference to predict undiagnosed hypertension and diabetes.
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Rachmawati F, Puspita T, Suryatma A. Rokok Dan Hipertensi. hsr 2021. [DOI: 10.22435/hsr.v24i3.3561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Hypertension was one of the non-communicable diseases that may cause death in Indonesia. Through Healthy Indonesia Program with Family Approach (PIS-PK), the public health centers conduct home visits to collect family’s health status, such as risk factors and health outcomes involving smoking and hypertension. This study investigates the correlation of smoking and hypertension in two heath centers to the lowest and highest healthy family index (IKS) in Metro City, Lampung Province. The data analysis used multiple logistic regression. The results indicated Puskemas Mulyojati had 11.18% of people diagnosed with hypertension, while Puskesmas Iringmulyo had 5.14%. More smokers were higher in Mulyojati (27.30%) than those in Iringmulyo (23.38%). The proportion of smokers with hypertension in Mulyojati was 2.40% (OR 0.70; 95%CI 0.59-0.84; p 0.006) and in Iringmulyo was 1.09% (OR 0.87 95%CI 0.66-1.14; p 0.115). In Mulyojati, the odds of smokers contracting hypertension was 0.56 times lower than the non-smokers (95%CI 0.44-0.71; p <0,000); meanwhile, the smoking-hypertension relationship in Iringmulyo was not significant despite a bigger odds ratio (OR 0.83, 95%CI 0.59-1.17; p 0.293.) As a recommendation, both Puskesmas promote campaigns for a smoke-free movement, smoke-free areas and smoking cessation counseling to reduce the prevalence of hypertension.
Abstrak
Hipertensi merupakan salah satu penyakit tidak menular penyebab kematian di Indonesia. Melalui Program Indonesia Sehat dengan Pendekatan Keluarga (PIS-PK), puskesmas melakukan kunjungan rumah dan mengumpulkan data profil kesehatan keluarga, meliputi faktor risiko dan kejadian penyakit termasuk kebiasaan merokok dan hipertensi. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui hubungan antara kebiasaan merokok dengan hipertensi di dua puskesmas yang memiliki Indeks Keluarga Sehat (IKS) terendah dan tertinggi di Kota Metro, Provinsi Lampung. Data dianalisis dengan regresi logistik berganda. Sebanyak 11,18% orang di Puskesmas Mulyojati didiagnosis hipertensi, sedangkan Puskesmas Iringmulyo sebesar 5,14%. Perokok lebih banyak ditemukan di Puskemas Mulyojati (27,30%) daripada di Puskesmas Iringmulyo (23,38%). Proporsi orang yang merokok dan didiagnosis hipertensi di Puskesmas Mulyojati sebanyak 2,40% (OR 0,70; IK 95% 0,59-0,84; p 0,000) sedangkan di Puskesmas Iringmulyo 1,09% (OR 0,87; IK 95% 0,66-1,14; p 0,325). Odd rasio orang merokok untuk mengidap hipertensi 0,56 kali dibandingkan dengan orang yang tidak merokok dengan hasil signifikan (IK 95% 0,44-0,71; p <0,000) di Puskesmas Mulyojati. Di Puskesmas Iringmulyo, meskipun odd rasionya sebesar 0,83, namun hasilnya tidak signifikan (IK 95% 0,59-1,17; p 0,293). Kedua Puskesmas disarankan untuk melakukan kampanye gerakan tanpa asap rokok, area bebas rokok dan konseling berhenti merokok untuk menurunkan prevalensi hipertensi.
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Dhewantara PW, Puspita T, Marina R, Lasut D, Riandi MU, Wahono T, Ridwan W, Ruliansyah A. Geo-clusters and socio-demographic profiles at village-level associated with COVID-19 incidence in the metropolitan city of Jakarta: An ecological study. Transbound Emerg Dis 2021; 69:e362-e373. [PMID: 34486234 PMCID: PMC8661770 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.14313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The Special Capital Region of Jakarta is the epicentre of the transmission of COVID‐19 in Indonesia. However, much remains unknown about the spatial and temporal patterns of COVID‐19 incidence and related socio‐demographic factors explaining the variations of COVID‐19 incidence at local level. COVID‐19 cases at the village level of Jakarta from March 2020 to June 2021 were analyzed from the local public COVID‐19 dashboard. Global and local spatial clustering of COVID‐19 incidence was examined using the Moran's I and local Moran analysis. Socio‐demographic profiles of identified hotspots were elaborated. The association between village characteristics and COVID‐19 incidence was evaluated. The COVID‐19 incidence was significantly clustered based on the geographical village level (Moran's I = 0.174; p = .002). Seventeen COVID‐19 high‐risk clusters were found and dynamically shifted over the study period. The proportion of people aged 20–49 (incidence rate ratio [IRR] = 1.016; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.012–1.019), proportion of elderly (≥50 years) (IRR = 1.045; 95% CI = 1.041–1.050), number of households (IRR = 1.196; 95% CI = 1.193–1.200), access to metered water for washing, and the main occupation of the residents were village level socio‐demographic factors associated with the risk of COVID‐19. Targeted public health responses such as restriction, improved testing and contact tracing, and improved access to health services for those vulnerable populations are essential in areas with high‐risk COVID‐19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pandji Wibawa Dhewantara
- Centre for Research and Development of Public Health Efforts, National Institute of Health Research and Development (NIHRD), Indonesian Ministry of Health, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Tities Puspita
- Centre for Research and Development of Public Health Efforts, National Institute of Health Research and Development (NIHRD), Indonesian Ministry of Health, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Rina Marina
- Centre for Research and Development of Public Health Efforts, National Institute of Health Research and Development (NIHRD), Indonesian Ministry of Health, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Doni Lasut
- Centre for Research and Development of Public Health Efforts, National Institute of Health Research and Development (NIHRD), Indonesian Ministry of Health, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Muhammad Umar Riandi
- Pangandaran Unit for Health Research and Development, National Institute of Health Research and Development (NIHRD), Indonesian Ministry of Health, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Tri Wahono
- Pangandaran Unit for Health Research and Development, National Institute of Health Research and Development (NIHRD), Indonesian Ministry of Health, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Wawan Ridwan
- Pangandaran Unit for Health Research and Development, National Institute of Health Research and Development (NIHRD), Indonesian Ministry of Health, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Andri Ruliansyah
- Pangandaran Unit for Health Research and Development, National Institute of Health Research and Development (NIHRD), Indonesian Ministry of Health, West Java, Indonesia
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Setyowati YD, Suryatma A, Puspita T. Association of Nutritional Status and Physical Activity Level with Pneumonia in Indonesian Urban Area. Jgizipangan 2020. [DOI: 10.25182/jgp.2020.15.3.133-138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Kusumawardani N, Rizkianti AR, Mubasyiroh R, Mubasyiroh R, Arfines PP, Puspita T. Adolescents school students in Java and Sumatra are in greater risk of obesity. hsji 2019. [DOI: 10.22435/hsji.v12i2.2448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Latar belakang: Indonesia masih menghadai beban ganda masalah gizi berkaitan dengan obesitas yang meningkat sementara masalah kurang gizi masih terjadi, termasuk pada remaja. Hasil penelitian masih terbatas, dalam hal aspek demografi dan geografi di Indonesia, sementara strategi pencegahan obesitas pada remaja membutuhkan intervensi yang lebih optimal. Tujuan: Studi ini bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran masalah obesitas berdasarkan karakteristik populasi dan perilaku berisiko di region yang berbeda.
Metode: Studi ini menggunakan data sekunder dari survei kesehatan berbasis sekolah tahun 2015 yang dikembangkan oleh CDC Amerika dan WHO, dengan modifikasi sesuai kondisi Indonesia. Analisis mencakup 10,544 pelajar kelas 7 – 12 dengan representasi populasi nasional di tiga regional/pulau di Indonesia. Uji statistik yang digunakan adalah chi-square dan log regression.
Hasil: Model logistik menunjukkan pelajar remaja yang tinggal di pulau Jawa mempunyai risiko yang lebih tinggi untuk mengalami obesitas (adjusted OR 2.1;95%CI 1.3-3.3) dibandingkan pada pelajar yag tinggal di pulau Sumatra dan luar pulau Jawa dan Sumatra, sementara perilaku berisiko seperti aktivitas fisik dan perilaku diet tidak menunjukkan hubungan yang bermakna dengan kejadian obesitas.
Kesimpulan: Disparitas masalah obesitas terjadi pada remaja di tiga pulau besar di Indonesia, di tingkat kelas yang berbeda dan perilaku diet berisiko yang berbeda. Strategi pencegahan diperlukan lebih mengarah pada intervensi berbasis sekolah dengan memperhatikan faktor geografis tempat tinggal di pulau Sumatra dan lainnya serta tingkat atau kelas yang berbeda. (Health Science Journal of Indonesia 2019;10(2):119-27)
Kata kunci: Obesitas, remaja, perilaku diet, region, aktivitas fisik
Abstract
Background: Indonesia faces burden of nutrition related diseases as obesity is increasing while malnutrition still exists, including in adolescents. Research are limited in term of which specific demography and geography aspects in Indonesia while stronger strategic intervention to prevent obesity in adolescents is needed. Objective: This study aims to describe proportion of obesity in indifferent adolescents characteristic and eating behaviour in different regions.
Method: This study used data from Indonesia 2015 Global School-based Health Survey developed by US CDC and WHO) with modification based on Indonesia specific. The analysis included 10,544 students covered national representative and three regions of school students (grade 7 to 12) in Indonesia. Statistical analysis used chi square and log regressions.
Results: The logistic model showed adolescents students living in Java island has significantly higher risk of obesity (adjusted OR 2.1;95%CI 1.3-3.3) compare to their peers in outside Java and Sumatra Island, while behavior risk factors such as physical activity and dietary habit were not significantly associated with obesity.
Conclusions: Issues disparity of obesity in adolescents occurred in the three main Islands in Indonesia, in different school grades and in those with different dietary risk behaviours. Intervention strategy to address adolescents obesity issues will need to be directed toward school-based settings with taking into account specific approaches for students in Sumatra and other main islands in Indonesia as well as specific for junior and senior high school. (Health Science Journal of Indonesia 2019;10(2):119-27).
Keywords: Obesity, adolescents, dietary behaviour, region, physical activity
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