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Jang HA, Ku SM, Kim JH, Jung SM, Lee J, Lee YS, Han YS, Jo YH. In silico identification and expression analyses of peroxidases in Tenebrio molitor. Genes Genomics 2024; 46:601-611. [PMID: 38546934 DOI: 10.1007/s13258-024-01498-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/18/2024]
Abstract
Human advancements in agriculture, urbanization, and industrialization have led to various forms of environmental pollution, including heavy metal pollution. Insects, as highly adaptable organisms, can survive under various environmental stresses, which induce oxidative damage and impair antioxidant systems. To investigate the peroxidase (POX) family in Tenebrio molitor, we characterized two POXs, namely TmPOX-iso1 and TmPOX-iso2. The full-length cDNA sequences of TmPox-iso1 and TmPox-iso2 respectively consisted of an open reading frame of 1815 bp encoding 605 amino acids and an open reading frame of 2229 bp encoding 743 amino acids. TmPOX-iso1 and TmPOX-iso2 homologs were found in five distinct insect orders. In the phylogenetic tree analysis, TmPOX-iso1 was clustered with the predicted POX protein of T. castaneum, and TmPOX-iso2 was clustered with the POX precursor protein of T. castaneum. During development, the highest expression level of TmPox-iso1 was observed in the pre-pupal stage, while that of TmPox-iso2 expression were observed in the pre-pupal and 4-day pupal stages. TmPox-iso1 was primarily expressed in the early and late larval gut, while TmPox-iso2 mRNA expression was higher in the fat bodies and Malpighian tubules. In response to cadmium chloride treatment, TmPox-iso1 expression increased at 3 hours and then declined until 24 hours, while in the zinc chloride-treated group, TmPox-iso1 expression peaked 24 hours after the treatment. Both treated groups showed increases in TmPox-iso2 expression 24 hours after the treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho Am Jang
- Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, Republic of Korea
- Korea Native Animal Resources Utilization Convergence Research Institute (KNAR), Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Min Ku
- Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hui Kim
- Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Mok Jung
- Research Institute for Basic Science, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongdae Lee
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Seok Lee
- Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, Republic of Korea
- Korea Native Animal Resources Utilization Convergence Research Institute (KNAR), Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon Soo Han
- Department of Applied Biology, Institute of Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture (IEFA), College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Hun Jo
- Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, Republic of Korea.
- Korea Native Animal Resources Utilization Convergence Research Institute (KNAR), Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, Republic of Korea.
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Kim IK, Lee CS, Bae JH, Han SR, Alshalawi W, Kim BC, Lee IK, Lee DS, Lee YS. Perioperative outcomes of laparoscopic low anterior resection using ArtiSential ® versus robotic approach in patients with rectal cancer: a propensity score matching analysis. Tech Coloproctol 2024; 28:25. [PMID: 38231341 DOI: 10.1007/s10151-023-02895-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Total mesorectal excision using conventional straight fixed devices may be technically difficult because of the narrow and concave pelvis. Several laparoscopic articulating tools have been introduced as an alternative to robotic systems. The aim of this study was to compare perioperative outcomes between laparoscopic low anterior resection using ArtiSential® and robot-assisted surgery for rectal cancer. METHODS This retrospective study included 682 patients who underwent laparoscopic or robotic low anterior resection for rectal cancer from September 2018 to December 2021. Among them, 82 underwent laparoscopic surgery using ArtiSential® (group A) and 201 underwent robotic surgery (group B). A total of 73 [group A; 66.37 ± 11.62; group B 65.79 ± 11.34] patients were selected for each group using a propensity score matching analysis. RESULTS There was no significant difference in the baseline characteristics between group A and B. Mean operative time was longer in group B than A (163.5 ± 61.9 vs 250.1 ± 77.6 min, p < 0.001). Mean length of hospital stay was not significantly different between the two groups (6.2 ± 4.7 vs 6.7 ± 6.1 days, p = 0.617). Postoperative complications, reoperation, and readmission within 30 days after surgery were similar between the two groups. Pathological findings revealed that the circumferential resection margins were above 10 mm in both groups (11.00 ± 7.47 vs 10.17 ± 6.25 mm, p = 0.960). At least 12 lymph nodes were sufficiently harvested, with no significant difference in the number harvested between the groups (20.5 ± 9.9 vs 19.7 ± 7.3, p = 0.753). CONCLUSIONS Laparoscopic low anterior resection using ArtiSential® can achieve acceptable clinical and oncologic outcomes. ArtiSential®, a multi-joint and articulating device, may serve a feasible alternative approach to robotic surgery in rectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- I K Kim
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - C S Lee
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Hansol Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J H Bae
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S R Han
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - W Alshalawi
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Surgery, King Saud Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - B C Kim
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - I K Lee
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - D S Lee
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Y S Lee
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Moon HH, Jin K, Choi YJ, Cho KJ, Lee YS, Lee JH. Imaging findings of granular cell tumours of the head and neck. Clin Radiol 2023; 78:e1075-e1080. [PMID: 37806818 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2023.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
AIM To review the imaging characteristics of granular cell tumours in the head and neck and assess their associations with pathological findings. MATERIALS AND METHODS Eleven patients (10 [91%] women, mean age 43 years) with histopathologically confirmed granular cell tumours were included in this study. Preoperative imaging studies were performed, including computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), or ultrasound. The location of the tumours, their imaging features, and histopathological findings were analysed. RESULTS Among the 11 granular cell tumours, four (36%), three (27%), and two (18%) tumours were found in the submucosal layer, subcutaneous layer, and intramuscular area, respectively. On CT, all tumours exhibited homogeneous iso-attenuating enhancement compared with adjacent muscle, and nine out of the 11 tumours (81%) demonstrated well-defined margins. On T2-weighted imaging (T2WI), four out of five tumours (80%) demonstrated iso-signal intensity compared with adjacent muscles, and four tumours (80%) exhibited homogeneous signal intensity. The apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values ranged from 0.68-0.81 × 10-3 mm2/s. Histopathological examination revealed densely packed tumour cells with variable amounts of fibrous stroma. CONCLUSION Granular cell tumours were characterised by well-defined and iso-signals on T2WI and low mean ADC values, and were predominantly located in the submucosal, subcutaneous, or intramuscular areas in middle-aged women. The characteristic locations, demographic characteristics, and imaging findings can help to differentiate granular cell tumours from other soft-tissue tumours in the head and neck.
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Affiliation(s)
- H H Moon
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - K Jin
- Department of Health Care Center, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Y J Choi
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - K-J Cho
- Department of Pathology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Y S Lee
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J H Lee
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Lee DJ, Moon JS, Song DK, Lee YS, Kim DS, Cho NJ, Gil HW, Lee EY, Park S. Genome-wide association study and fine-mapping on Korean biobank to discover renal trait-associated variants. Kidney Res Clin Pract 2023:j.krcp.23.079. [PMID: 37919891 DOI: 10.23876/j.krcp.23.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic kidney disease is a significant health burden worldwide, with increasing incidence. Although several genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have investigated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) associated with kidney trait, most studies were focused on European ancestry. Methods We utilized clinical and genetic information collected from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES). Results More than five million SNPs from 58,406 participants were analyzed. After meta-GWAS, 1,360 loci associated with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) at a genome-wide significant level (p = 5 × 10-8) were identified. Among them, 399 loci were validated with at least one other biomarker (blood urea nitrogen [BUN] or eGFRcysC) and 149 loci were validated using both markers. Among them, 18 SNPs (nine known ones and nine novel ones) with 20 putative genes were found. The aggregated effect of genes estimated by MAGMA gene analysis showed that these significant genes were enriched in kidney-associated pathways, with the kidney and liver being the most enriched tissues. Conclusion In this study, we conducted GWAS for more than 50,000 Korean individuals and identified several variants associated with kidney traits, including eGFR, BUN, and eGFRcysC. We also investigated functions of relevant genes using computational methods to define putative causal variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Jin Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Seok Moon
- Department of Integrated Biomedical Science, Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-bio Science (SIMS), Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Kwon Song
- Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Republic of Korea
- Support Center (Core-Facility) for Bio-Bigdata Analysis and Utilization of Biological Resources, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Seok Lee
- Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Republic of Korea
- Support Center (Core-Facility) for Bio-Bigdata Analysis and Utilization of Biological Resources, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Sub Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam-Jun Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Wook Gil
- Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Young Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Samel Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
- Department of Integrated Biomedical Science, Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-bio Science (SIMS), Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
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Hwang SH, Jang HA, Kojour MAM, Yun K, Lee YS, Han YS, Jo YH. Effects of TmTak1 silencing on AMP production as an Imd pathway component in Tenebrio molitor. Sci Rep 2023; 13:18914. [PMID: 37919359 PMCID: PMC10622451 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45978-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Mealworms beetles, Tenebrio molitor, are the limelight next-generation food for humans due to their high nutrient contents. Since Tenebrio molitor is used as feed for pets and livestock in addition to their ability to decompose polystyrene and plastic waste, it is recognized as an insect with an industrial core value. Therefore, it is important to study the immune mechanism related to the development and infection of mealworms for mass breeding purposes. The immune deficiency (Imd) signaling is one of the main pathways with pivotal roles in the production of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). Transforming growth factor-β activated kinase (TAK1) is one of the Imd pathway components, forms a complex with TAK1 binding protein 2 (TAB2) to ultimately help activate the transcription factor Relish and eventually induce host to produce AMPs. Relatively, little has been revealed about TAK1 in insect models, especially in the T. molitor. Therefore, this study was conducted to elucidate the function of TmTak1 in T. molitor. Our results showed that the highest and lowest mRNA expression of TmTak1 were found in egg and young larvae respectively. The tissue-specific expression patterns were reported in the gut of T. molitor larvae and the fat bodies of adults. Systemic microbial challenge illustrated TmTak1 high expression following the fungal infection in all dissected tissues except for the whole body. However, silencing TmTak1 experiments showed that the survivability of T. molitor larvae affected significantly following Escherichia coli infection. Accordingly, AMP induction after TmTak1 knock down was mainly reported in the integument and the fat bodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Hyeon Hwang
- Division of Plant Biotechnology, Institute of Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture (IEFA), College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Am Jang
- Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, Republic of Korea
- Korea Native Animal Resources Utilization Convergence Research Institute (KNAR), Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Maryam Ali Mohammadie Kojour
- Division of Plant Biotechnology, Institute of Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture (IEFA), College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Keunho Yun
- Division of Plant Biotechnology, Institute of Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture (IEFA), College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Seok Lee
- Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, Republic of Korea
- Korea Native Animal Resources Utilization Convergence Research Institute (KNAR), Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon Soo Han
- Division of Plant Biotechnology, Institute of Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture (IEFA), College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Hun Jo
- Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, Republic of Korea.
- Korea Native Animal Resources Utilization Convergence Research Institute (KNAR), Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, Republic of Korea.
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Jeong KY, Sang M, Lee YS, Gadermaier G, Ferreira F, Park JW. Characterization of Hum j 6, a Major Allergen From Humulus japonicus Pollen, the Primary Cause of Weed Pollinosis in East Asia. Allergy Asthma Immunol Res 2023; 15:767-778. [PMID: 37957794 PMCID: PMC10643856 DOI: 10.4168/aair.2023.15.6.767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Humulus japonicus (HJ) is one of the most important causes of weed pollinosis in East Asia. The 10 kDa protein with pI 10 in 2-dimensional gel has been recognized as the representative major allergen of HJ, but its major allergens have not been characterized. This study aimed to characterize the major allergen of HJ. METHODS A major allergen in Japanese hop was detected by proteome analysis; it was purified to homogeneity and its sequence was obtained by transcriptome analysis. The recombinant proteins were produced in Escherichia coli and Pichia expression systems, and their immunoglobulin E (IgE) reactivities were compared to those of the natural counterpart. We also analyzed post-translational modifications such as glycosylation and phosphorylation. RESULTS Pectin methylesterase inhibitor, Hum j 6, was found to be the major allergen of HJ, and in silico signal peptide prediction corresponds to a 15.1 kDa protein with a theoretical pI of 8.28. Natural Hum j 6 was recognized by IgE antibodies from 86.4% (19/22) of HJ pollinosis patients, whereas the recombinant proteins did not show strong IgE reactivity. No glycosylation was detected, while at least 15 phosphorylated amino acids, possibly causing the pI and molecular weight shift, were detected by tandem mass spectrometry analysis. CONCLUSIONS Hum j 6 was identified as the representative major allergen of HJ and seems to be modified significantly after translation. These findings are useful for the development of component-resolved diagnosis and immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoung Yong Jeong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Allergy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Minkyu Sang
- Department of Biology, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Korea
| | - Yong Seok Lee
- Department of Biology, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Korea
| | - Gabriele Gadermaier
- Department of Bioscience and Medical Biology, Paris Lodron University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Fatima Ferreira
- Department of Bioscience and Medical Biology, Paris Lodron University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Jung-Won Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Allergy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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Sang MK, Patnaik HH, Park JE, Song DK, Jeong JY, Hong CE, Kim YT, Shin HJ, Ziwei L, Hwang HJ, Park SY, Kang SW, Park SH, Cha SJ, Ko JH, Shin EH, Park HS, Jo YH, Han YS, Patnaik BB, Lee YS. Transcriptome analysis of Haemaphysalis flava female using Illumina HiSeq 4000 sequencing: de novo assembly, functional annotation and discovery of SSR markers. Parasit Vectors 2023; 16:367. [PMID: 37848984 PMCID: PMC10583488 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-023-05923-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ticks are ectoparasites capable of directly damaging their hosts and transmitting vector-borne diseases. The ixodid tick Haemaphysalis flava has a broad distribution that extends from East to South Asia. This tick is a reservoir of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) that causes severe hemorrhagic disease, with cases reported from China, Japan and South Korea. Recently, the distribution of H. flava in South Korea was found to overlap with the occurrence of SFTSV. METHODS This study was undertaken to discover the molecular resources of H. flava female ticks using the Illumina HiSeq 4000 system, the Trinity de novo sequence assembler and annotation against public databases. The locally curated Protostome database (PANM-DB) was used to screen the putative adaptation-related transcripts classified to gene families, such as angiotensin-converting enzyme, aquaporin, adenylate cyclase, AMP-activated protein kinase, glutamate receptors, heat shock proteins, molecular chaperones, insulin receptor, mitogen-activated protein kinase and solute carrier family proteins. Also, the repeats and simple sequence repeats (SSRs) were screened from the unigenes using RepeatMasker (v4.0.6) and MISA (v1.0) software tools, followed by the designing of SSRs flanking primers using BatchPrimer 3 (v1.0) software. RESULTS The transcriptome produced a total of 69,822 unigenes, of which 46,175 annotated to the homologous proteins in the PANM-DB. The unigenes were also mapped to the EuKaryotic Orthologous Groups (KOG), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and Gene Ontology (GO) specializations. Promiscuous presence of protein kinase, zinc finger (C2H2-type), reverse transcriptase, and RNA recognition motif domains was observed in the unigenes. A total of 3480 SSRs were screened, of which 1907 and 1274 were found as tri- and dinucleotide repeats, respectively. A list of primer sequences flanking the SSR motifs was detailed for validation of polymorphism in H. flava and the related tick species. CONCLUSIONS The reference transcriptome information on H. flava female ticks will be useful for an enriched understanding of tick biology, its competency to act as a vector and the study of species diversity related to disease transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Kyu Sang
- Korea Native Animal Resources Utilization Convergence Research Institute (KNAR), Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, South Korea
- Research Support Center for Bio-Bigdata Analysis and Utilization of Biological Resources, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, South Korea
| | - Hongray Howrelia Patnaik
- Korea Native Animal Resources Utilization Convergence Research Institute (KNAR), Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, South Korea
| | - Jie Eun Park
- Korea Native Animal Resources Utilization Convergence Research Institute (KNAR), Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, South Korea
- Research Support Center for Bio-Bigdata Analysis and Utilization of Biological Resources, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, South Korea
| | - Dae Kwon Song
- Korea Native Animal Resources Utilization Convergence Research Institute (KNAR), Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, South Korea
- Research Support Center for Bio-Bigdata Analysis and Utilization of Biological Resources, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, South Korea
| | - Jun Yang Jeong
- Korea Native Animal Resources Utilization Convergence Research Institute (KNAR), Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, South Korea
- Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, 31538, Chungnam, South Korea
| | - Chan Eui Hong
- Korea Native Animal Resources Utilization Convergence Research Institute (KNAR), Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, South Korea
- Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, 31538, Chungnam, South Korea
| | - Yong Tae Kim
- Korea Native Animal Resources Utilization Convergence Research Institute (KNAR), Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, South Korea
- Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, 31538, Chungnam, South Korea
| | - Hyeon Jun Shin
- Korea Native Animal Resources Utilization Convergence Research Institute (KNAR), Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, South Korea
- Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, 31538, Chungnam, South Korea
| | - Liu Ziwei
- Korea Native Animal Resources Utilization Convergence Research Institute (KNAR), Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, South Korea
- Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, 31538, Chungnam, South Korea
| | - Hee Ju Hwang
- Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, 31538, Chungnam, South Korea
| | - So Young Park
- Biodiversity Research Team, Animal & Plant Research Department, Nakdonggang National Institute of Biological Resources, Sangju, Gyeongbuk, South Korea
| | - Se Won Kang
- Biological Resource Center (BRC), Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Jeongeup, Jeonbuk, South Korea
| | - Seung-Hwan Park
- Biological Resource Center (BRC), Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Jeongeup, Jeonbuk, South Korea
| | - Sung-Jae Cha
- Johns Hopkins Malaria Research Institute, Department of Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jung Ho Ko
- Police Science Institute, Korean National Police University, Asan, Chungnam, 31539, South Korea
| | - E Hyun Shin
- Research Institute, Korea Pest Control Association, Seoul, 08501, South Korea
| | - Hong Seog Park
- Research Institute, GnC BIO Co., LTD., 621-6 Banseok-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34069, South Korea
| | - Yong Hun Jo
- Korea Native Animal Resources Utilization Convergence Research Institute (KNAR), Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, South Korea
- Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, 31538, Chungnam, South Korea
| | - Yeon Soo Han
- College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea
| | - Bharat Bhusan Patnaik
- Korea Native Animal Resources Utilization Convergence Research Institute (KNAR), Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, South Korea
- Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, 31538, Chungnam, South Korea
- PG Department of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Fakir Mohan University, Nuapadhi, Balasore , Odisha, 756089, India
| | - Yong Seok Lee
- Korea Native Animal Resources Utilization Convergence Research Institute (KNAR), Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, South Korea.
- Research Support Center for Bio-Bigdata Analysis and Utilization of Biological Resources, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, South Korea.
- Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, 31538, Chungnam, South Korea.
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Choi KH, Mun SM, Seol Y, Lee YK, Lee JH, Lee IK, Lee YS, Jang H. The Role of Postoperative Radiotherapy in T4 Rectal Cancer with Synchronous Distant Metastasis. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e288. [PMID: 37785066 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.1279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) Studieson the role of surgery and local treatment in M1 rectal cancer have been actively studied recently. However, there is still controversy because no significant results have been reported for local control. The purpose of this study was to analyze the local control rates of postoperative radiotherapy for tumor stage T4 in M1 rectal cancer. MATERIALS/METHODS We investigated local recurrence after surgery for M1 rectal cancer that was operated at Seoul St. Mary's Hospital between 1995 and 2021. Locoregional recurrence rates were compared in patients who received postoperative pelvic radiotherapy and those who did not. In addition, an analytical comparison was performed only for patients with T4 rectal cancer. Statistical analysis was performed using the log rank test, and a p-value of less than 0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS During the investigation period, a total of 206 patients underwent surgery for M1 rectal cancer. There were 55 patients with T4 tumor stage. Of the 55 patients, 11 patients received radiotherapy after surgery, and 44 patients received systemic treatment such as chemotherapy after surgery without radiotherapy. During a median follow-up of 22 months, locoregional recurrence occurred in 1 (RT group) and 25 (no RT group) patients, respectively. Log-rank analysis of locoregional recurrence showed a significant difference between the two groups (p- value = 0.008). Death occurred in 10 (RT group) and 38 (no RT group) patients, respectively. The 2-year locoregional recurrence free-survival rates were 45.5% and 53.0%, respectively, and there was no significant difference between the two groups in the log-rank analysis. CONCLUSION Pelvic radiotherapy could be expected to improve locoregional recurrence in stage T4 of rectal cancer with synchronous distant metastasis. It would be warranted to prove this in a large-scale prospective study.
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Affiliation(s)
- K H Choi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - S M Mun
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - Y Seol
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - Y K Lee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - J H Lee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, St. Vincent's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Suwon, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - I K Lee
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - Y S Lee
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - H Jang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
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Ko HJ, Jang HA, Park KB, Kim CE, Patnaik BB, Lee YS, Han YS, Jo YH. IKKβ regulates antimicrobial innate immune responses in the yellow mealworm, Tenebrio molitor. Dev Comp Immunol 2023; 147:104761. [PMID: 37331676 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2023.104761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Toll and IMD pathways regulate antimicrobial innate immune responses in insect model systems. The transcriptional activation of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) confers humoral immunity in the host against invaded pathogens. The IKK kinase complex (IKKα, IKKβ, and the regulatory subunit IKKγ/NEMO) centrally regulates the NF-κB response to various stimuli. It triggers an appropriate antimicrobial immune response in the host. In this study, a TmIKKβ (or TmIrd5) homolog was screened from the RNA-seq database of the coleopteran beetle, Tenebrio molitor. A single exon characterizes the TmIKKβ gene, and the open reading frame (ORF) comprises of 2112 bp that putatively encodes a polypeptide of 703 amino acid residues. TmIKKβ contains a serine/threonine kinase domain and is phylogenetically close to Tribolium castaneum IKKβ homolog (TcIKKβ). TmIKKβ transcripts were highly expressed in the early pupal (P1) and adult (A5) stages. Among the tissues, TmIKKβ showed higher expression in the integument of the last instar larvae and the fat body and hemocytes of 5-day-old adults. TmIKKβ mRNA was upregulated post-E. coli challenge to the host. Moreover, RNAi-based TmIKKβ mRNA silencing increased host larvae' susceptibility against E. coli, S. aureus and C. albicans. TmIKKβ RNAi in the fat body led to a downregulation in mRNA expression of ten out of fourteen AMP genes, including TmTenecin1, -2, and -4; TmDefensin, and -like; TmColeoptericinA, and -B; and TmAttacin1a, -1b, and -2, suggesting the requirement of the gene in antimicrobial innate immune responses. Further, a decrease in the mRNA expression of NF-κB factors such as TmRelish, TmDorsal1, and TmDorsal2 in the fat body of T. molitor larvae was observed post-microorganisms challenge. Thus, TmIKKβ regulates antimicrobial innate immune responses in T. molitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Jin Ko
- Division of Plant Biotechnology, Institute of Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture (IEFA), College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Am Jang
- Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan City, 31538, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Beom Park
- Division of Plant Biotechnology, Institute of Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture (IEFA), College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Eun Kim
- Division of Plant Biotechnology, Institute of Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture (IEFA), College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Bharat Bhusan Patnaik
- Korea Native Animal Resources Utilization Convergence Research Institute (KNAR), Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, South Korea; P.G Department of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Fakir Mohan University, Nuapadhi, Balasore, Odisha, 756089, India
| | - Yong Seok Lee
- Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan City, 31538, Republic of Korea; Korea Native Animal Resources Utilization Convergence Research Institute (KNAR), Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, South Korea
| | - Yeon Soo Han
- Division of Plant Biotechnology, Institute of Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture (IEFA), College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yong Hun Jo
- Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan City, 31538, Republic of Korea.
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10
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Park JS, Seo BG, Koo J, Lim JH, Lee YS, Han GD, Prinz FB, Shim JH. High-Performance Hydroxide Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Comprising an Atomic Layer-Deposited Silver Cathode. Nano Lett 2023; 23:7825-7830. [PMID: 37638642 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c01347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Atomic layer deposition (ALD) is emerging as an efficient tool for the precise manufacture of catalysts, owing to its sophisticated surface tailoring capabilities. To overcome the techno-economic limitations of fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs), which are considered suitable alternatives to battery electric vehicles (BEVs), the development of cost-efficient high-performance catalysts is essential. In this study, we successfully fabricated a Pt-free cathode for a hydroxide exchange membrane fuel cell (HEMFC) with excellent oxygen reduction activity under extremely low loading of Ag electrocatalysts using ALD. Microstructural analysis confirmed that the surface modification by ALD-Ag nanoparticles exhibited excellent step coverage characteristics on porous carbon nanotubes (CNTs). An HEMFC comprising a CNT cathode surface-decorated with ALD-Ag nanoparticles delivered a high peak power density of 2154 mW mgAg-1 in an alkaline environment at 65 °C. This study demonstrates the applicability of ALD for the manufacture of highly active low-cost electrocatalysts for high-performance HEMFCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Seon Park
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Beum Geun Seo
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Junmo Koo
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Hyuk Lim
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Seok Lee
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Gwon Deok Han
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, 440 Escondido Mall, Stanford 94305, United States
| | - Fritz B Prinz
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, 440 Escondido Mall, Stanford 94305, United States
| | - Joon Hyung Shim
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, 440 Escondido Mall, Stanford 94305, United States
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11
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Hwang J, Lee YS, Park TH. Customized Augmentation Rhinoplasty With Morpheus 3-Dimensional Scanner. J Craniofac Surg 2023; 34:1859-1861. [PMID: 37055884 DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000009332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 04/15/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Three-dimensional (3D) scanning-based morphologic analyses of facial structures are becoming more popular in several clinical settings. However, the application has not yet been reported in augmentation rhinoplasty. The purpose of the study is to show the efficacy of the Morpheus 3D scanner for preoperative planning in rhinoplasty. METHODS In this retrospective review, 241 patients who underwent primary and secondary rhinoplasty from September 2018 to August 2020 were reviewed. The authors determined the degree of augmentation preoperatively using the Morpheus 3D scanner based on patients' esthetic needs. According to the simulated 3D embodiment result, the Silicone implant was carved and implanted with closed or open rhinoplasty approach. RESULTS The operation was performed based on the simulated 3D shape, and the patients were satisfied with the esthetic outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Morpheus 3D scanner can be a valuable tool for esthetic rhinoplasty planning. This tool also provides preoperative customized patient counseling based on their current anatomic characteristics and esthetic needs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Tae Hwan Park
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Hwaseong, Republic of Korea
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12
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Patnaik HH, Sang MK, Park JE, Song DK, Jeong JY, Hong CE, Kim YT, Shin HJ, Ziwei L, Hwang HJ, Park SY, Kang SW, Ko JH, Lee JS, Park HS, Jo YH, Han YS, Patnaik BB, Lee YS. A review of the endangered mollusks transcriptome under the threatened species initiative of Korea. Genes Genomics 2023:10.1007/s13258-023-01389-3. [PMID: 37405596 DOI: 10.1007/s13258-023-01389-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
Transcriptome studies for conservation of endangered mollusks is a proactive approach towards managing threats and uncertainties facing these species in natural environments. The population of these species is declining due to habitat destruction, illicit wildlife trade, and global climate change. These activities risk the free movement of species across the wild landscape, loss of breeding grounds, and restrictions in displaying the physiological attributes so crucial for faunal welfare. Gastropods face the most negative ecological effects and have been enlisted under Korea's protective species consortium based on their population dynamics in the last few years. Moreover, with the genetic resources restricted for such species, conservation by informed planning is not possible. This review provides insights into the activities under the threatened species initiative of Korea with special reference to the transcriptome assemblies of endangered mollusks. The gastropods such as Ellobium chinense, Aegista chejuensis, Aegista quelpartensis, Incilaria fruhstorferi, Koreanohadra kurodana, Satsuma myomphala, and Clithon retropictus have been represented. Moreover, the transcriptome summary of bivalve Cristaria plicata and Caenogastropoda Charonia lampas sauliae is also discussed. Sequencing, de novo assembly, and annotation identified transcripts or homologs for the species and, based on an understanding of the biochemical and molecular pathways, were ascribed to predictive gene function. Mining for simple sequence repeats from the transcriptome have successfully assisted genetic polymorphism studies. A comparison of the transcriptome scheme of Korean endangered mollusks with the genomic resources of other endangered mollusks have been discussed with homologies and analogies for dictating future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongray Howrelia Patnaik
- Korea Native Animal Resources Utilization Convergence Research Institute (KNAR), Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, South Korea
| | - Min Kyu Sang
- Korea Native Animal Resources Utilization Convergence Research Institute (KNAR), Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, South Korea
- Research Support Center for Bio-Bigdata Analysis and Utilization of Biological Resources, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, South Korea
| | - Jie Eun Park
- Korea Native Animal Resources Utilization Convergence Research Institute (KNAR), Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, South Korea
- Research Support Center for Bio-Bigdata Analysis and Utilization of Biological Resources, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, South Korea
| | - Dae Kwon Song
- Korea Native Animal Resources Utilization Convergence Research Institute (KNAR), Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, South Korea
- Research Support Center for Bio-Bigdata Analysis and Utilization of Biological Resources, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, South Korea
| | - Jun Yang Jeong
- Korea Native Animal Resources Utilization Convergence Research Institute (KNAR), Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, South Korea
- Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan,, Chungnam, 31538, South Korea
| | - Chan Eui Hong
- Korea Native Animal Resources Utilization Convergence Research Institute (KNAR), Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, South Korea
- Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan,, Chungnam, 31538, South Korea
| | - Yong Tae Kim
- Korea Native Animal Resources Utilization Convergence Research Institute (KNAR), Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, South Korea
- Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan,, Chungnam, 31538, South Korea
| | - Hyeon Jun Shin
- Korea Native Animal Resources Utilization Convergence Research Institute (KNAR), Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, South Korea
- Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan,, Chungnam, 31538, South Korea
| | - Liu Ziwei
- Korea Native Animal Resources Utilization Convergence Research Institute (KNAR), Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, South Korea
- Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan,, Chungnam, 31538, South Korea
| | - Hee Ju Hwang
- Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan,, Chungnam, 31538, South Korea
| | - So Young Park
- Biodiversity Research Team, Animal & Plant Research Department, Nakdonggang National Institute of Biological Resources, Sangju, Gyeongbuk, 37242, South Korea
| | - Se Won Kang
- Biological Resource Center (BRC), Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Jeongeup, Jeonbuk, 56212, South Korea
| | - Jung Ho Ko
- Police Science Institute, Korean National Police University, Asan, Chungnam, 31539, South Korea
| | - Jun Sang Lee
- Korea Native Animal Resources Utilization Convergence Research Institute (KNAR), Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, South Korea
| | - Hong Seog Park
- Research Institute, GnC BIO Co., LTD., 621-6 Banseok-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34069, South Korea
| | - Yong Hun Jo
- Korea Native Animal Resources Utilization Convergence Research Institute (KNAR), Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, South Korea
- Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan,, Chungnam, 31538, South Korea
| | - Yeon Soo Han
- College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea
| | - Bharat Bhusan Patnaik
- Korea Native Animal Resources Utilization Convergence Research Institute (KNAR), Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, South Korea
- P.G Department of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Fakir Mohan University, Odisha, 756089, Nuapadhi, Balasore, India
| | - Yong Seok Lee
- Korea Native Animal Resources Utilization Convergence Research Institute (KNAR), Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, South Korea.
- Research Support Center for Bio-Bigdata Analysis and Utilization of Biological Resources, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, South Korea.
- Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan,, Chungnam, 31538, South Korea.
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13
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Jeong MJ, Yoon YN, Kang YK, Kim CJ, Nam HS, Lee YS. A Novel Score Using Lymphocyte-to-Monocyte Ratio in Blood and Malignant Body Fluid for Predicting Prognosis of Patients with Advanced Ovarian Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15082328. [PMID: 37190256 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15082328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: The lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR), one of the systemic inflammatory markers, has been shown to be associated with prognosis of various solid tumors. However, no study has reported clinical utility of the LMR of malignant body fluid (mLMR) (2) Methods: We retrospectively analyzed clinical data of the final 92 patients of a total of 197 patients with advanced ovarian cancer newly diagnosed from November 2015 and December 2021 using our institute big data. (3) Results: Patients were divided into three groups according to their combined bLMR and mLMR scores (bmLMR score): 2, both bLMR and mLMR were elevated; 1, bLMR or mLMR was elevated; and 0, neither bLMR nor mLMR was elevated. A multivariable analysis confirmed that the histologic grade (p = 0.001), status of residual disease (p < 0.001), and bmLMR score (p < 0.001) were independent predictors of disease progression. A low combined value of bLMR and mLMR was strongly associated with a poor prognosis in patients with ovarian cancer. (4) Conclusions: Although further studies are required to apply our results clinically, this is the first study to validate the clinical value of mLMR for predicting prognosis of patients with advanced ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Jin Jeong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Eunpyeong St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 03312, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeo Nyeong Yoon
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Eunpyeong St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 03312, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon Kyung Kang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Eunpyeong St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 03312, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Joo Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 11765, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae Seong Nam
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Inha University Hospital, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon 22332, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Seok Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Eunpyeong St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 03312, Republic of Korea
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Ali Mohammadie Kojour M, Jang HA, Lee YS, Jo YH, Han YS. Innate Immune Response of TmToll-3 Following Systemic Microbial Infection in Tenebrio molitor. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076751. [PMID: 37047723 PMCID: PMC10095136 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Although Toll-like receptors have been widely identified and functionally characterized in mammalian models and Drosophila, the immunological function of these receptors in other insects remains unclear. Here, we explored the relevant innate immune response of Tenebrio molitor (T. molitor) Toll-3 against Gram-negative bacteria, Gram-positive bacteria, and fungal infections. Our findings indicated that TmToll-3 expression was mainly induced by Candida albicans infections in the fat bodies, gut, Malpighian tubules, and hemolymph of young T. molitor larvae. Surprisingly, Escherichia coli systemic infection caused mortality after TmToll-3 knockdown via RNA interference (RNAi) injection, which was not observed in the control group. Further analyses indicated that in the absence of TmToll-3, the final effector of the Toll signaling pathway, antimicrobial peptide (AMP) genes and relevant transcription factors were significantly downregulated after E. coli challenge. Our results indicated that the expression of almost all AMP genes was suppressed in silenced individuals, whereas the expression of relevant genes was positively regulated after fungal injection. Therefore, this study revealed the immunological involvement of TmToll-3 in T. molitor in response to systematic infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Ali Mohammadie Kojour
- Department of Applied Biology, Institute of Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture (IEFA), College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Am Jang
- Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan 31538, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Seok Lee
- Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan 31538, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Hun Jo
- Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan 31538, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon Soo Han
- Department of Applied Biology, Institute of Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture (IEFA), College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
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15
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Lee JM, Lee YS, Lee YJ, Lee JH, Han TY, Choi JE. Generalized painful papulovesicular eruption following the COVID-19 BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2023. [PMID: 36914917 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.19043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J M Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Y S Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Y J Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - J H Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - T Y Han
- Department of Dermatology, Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - J E Choi
- Department of Dermatology, Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University, Seoul, South Korea
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Hwang HJ, Patnaik BB, Baliarsingh S, Patnaik HH, Sang MK, Park JE, Cho HC, Song DK, Jeong JY, Hong CE, Kim YT, Sin HJ, Ziwei L, Park SY, Kang SW, Jeong HC, Park HS, Han YS, Lee YS. Transcriptome analysis of the endangered dung beetle Copris tripartitus (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) and characterization of genes associated to immunity, growth, and reproduction. BMC Genomics 2023; 24:94. [PMID: 36864388 PMCID: PMC9979532 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09122-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dung beetles recycle organic matter through the decomposition of feces and support ecological balance. However, these insects are threatened by the indiscriminate use of agrochemicals and habitat destruction. Copris tripartitus Waterhouse (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), a dung beetle, is listed as a class-II Korean endangered species. Although the genetic diversity of C. tripartitus populations has been investigated through analysis of mitochondrial genes, genomic resources for this species remain limited. In this study, we analyzed the transcriptome of C. tripartitus to elucidate functions related to growth, immunity and reproduction for the purpose of informed conservation planning. RESULTS The transcriptome of C. tripartitus was generated using next-generation Illumina sequencing and assembled de novo using a Trinity-based platform. In total, 98.59% of the raw sequence reads were processed as clean reads. These reads were assembled into 151,177 contigs, 101,352 transcripts, and 25,106 unigenes. A total of 23,450 unigenes (93.40%) were annotated to at least one database. The largest proportion of unigenes (92.76%) were annotated to the locally curated PANM-DB. A maximum of 5,512 unigenes had homologous sequences in Tribolium castaneum. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis revealed a maximum of 5,174 unigenes in the Molecular function category. Further, in Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis, a total of 462 enzymes were associated with established biological pathways. Based on sequence homology to known proteins in PANM-DB, representative immunity, growth, and reproduction-related genes were screened. Potential immunity-related genes were categorized into pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), the Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, the MyD88- dependent pathway, endogenous ligands, immune effectors, antimicrobial peptides, apoptosis, and adaptation-related transcripts. Among PRRs, we conducted detailed in silico characterization of TLR-2, CTL, and PGRP_SC2-like. Repetitive elements such as long terminal repeats, short interspersed nuclear elements, long interspersed nuclear elements and DNA elements were enriched in the unigene sequences. A total of 1,493 SSRs were identified among all unigenes of C. tripartitus. CONCLUSIONS This study provides a comprehensive resource for analysis of the genomic topography of the beetle C. tripartitus. The data presented here clarify the fitness phenotypes of this species in the wild and provide insight to support informed conservation planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee Ju Hwang
- Korea Native Animal Resources Utilization Convergence Research Institute (KNAR), Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, South Korea
| | - Bharat Bhusan Patnaik
- Korea Native Animal Resources Utilization Convergence Research Institute (KNAR), Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, South Korea.,PG Department of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Fakir Mohan University, Balasore-, Odisha, 756089, India.,Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, South Korea
| | - Snigdha Baliarsingh
- PG Department of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Fakir Mohan University, Balasore-, Odisha, 756089, India
| | - Hongray Howrelia Patnaik
- Korea Native Animal Resources Utilization Convergence Research Institute (KNAR), Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, South Korea
| | - Min Kyu Sang
- Research Support Center (Core-Facility) for Bio-Bigdata Analysis and Utilization of Biological Resources, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, South Korea
| | - Jie Eun Park
- Korea Native Animal Resources Utilization Convergence Research Institute (KNAR), Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, South Korea.,Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, South Korea
| | - Hang Chul Cho
- iLAB, INSILICOGEN, INC. #2901~2904, Tower-Dong A, HEUNGDEOK IT VALLEY, 13, Heungdeok 1-Ro, Giheung-Gu, Yongin-Si, 16954, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Dae Kwon Song
- Korea Native Animal Resources Utilization Convergence Research Institute (KNAR), Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, South Korea.,Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, South Korea
| | - Jun Yang Jeong
- Korea Native Animal Resources Utilization Convergence Research Institute (KNAR), Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, South Korea.,Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, South Korea
| | - Chan Eui Hong
- Korea Native Animal Resources Utilization Convergence Research Institute (KNAR), Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, South Korea.,Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, South Korea
| | - Yong Tae Kim
- Korea Native Animal Resources Utilization Convergence Research Institute (KNAR), Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, South Korea.,Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, South Korea
| | - Hyeon Jun Sin
- Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, South Korea
| | - Liu Ziwei
- Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, South Korea
| | - So Young Park
- Biodiversity Research Team, Animal & Plant Research Department, Nakdonggang National Institute of Biological Resources, Sangju, Gyeongbuk, South Korea
| | - Se Won Kang
- Biological Resource Center (BRC), Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Jeongeup, Jeonbuk, South Korea
| | - Heon Cheon Jeong
- Korea Native Animal Resources Utilization Convergence Research Institute (KNAR), Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, South Korea
| | - Hong Seog Park
- Research Institute, GnC BIO Co., LTD., 621-6 Banseok-Dong, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon, 34069, Korea
| | - Yeon Soo Han
- College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-Ro, Buk-Gu, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea
| | - Yong Seok Lee
- Korea Native Animal Resources Utilization Convergence Research Institute (KNAR), Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, South Korea. .,Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, South Korea. .,Research Support Center (Core-Facility) for Bio-Bigdata Analysis and Utilization of Biological Resources, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, South Korea.
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17
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Wibulpolprasert P, Agopian V, Dumronggittigule W, Lee YS, Yuen A, Raman SS, Markovic D, Lu DS. MR imaging biomarkers in HCC: outcomes correlation in liver transplant listed patients. Clin Transplant 2023; 37:e14919. [PMID: 36716121 DOI: 10.1111/ctr.14919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) biomarkers that enable the prediction of delisting from tumor progression versus successful transplantation in patients listed for orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT). METHODS With IRB approval and HIPPA compliance, patients with HCC awaiting OLT who were delisted due to HCC progression from 2006 to 2015 were identified. Patients with adequate MR images for review were subsequently matched with a cohort of patients successfully bridged to OLT in the same time period. Matching considered the tumor stage and the dominant treatment strategy adopted to bridge the patient to OLT. Potential MRI features were evaluated by univariable and multivariable analysis using a conditional logistic model. RESULTS There were 53 patients included in each cohort. On uni-variable analysis, significant unfavorable MR imaging features included T2 hyperintensity (odds ratio [OR], 19.0), infiltrative border (OR, 7.50), lobulated shape (OR, 4.5), T1 hypointensity (OR, 3.0), heterogeneous arterial enhancement (OR, 7.0), and corona venous enhancement (OR, 4.0). A significant favorable MR imaging feature was the presence of intralesional fat (OR = .36). The best multivariable logistic prediction model derived from the above notable features included only T1 and T2 signal intensity, border definition, and absence of intra-lesional fat as significant variables, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of .86 in the prediction of delisting. CONCLUSION Select MR imaging features of HCC at presentation before any treatment are significantly associated with the risk of tumor progression regardless of tumor stage and treatment strategy in patients awaiting liver transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pornphan Wibulpolprasert
- Department of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand.,Department Radiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Vatche Agopian
- Liver cancer center, Pfleger liver institute, Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Wethit Dumronggittigule
- Department Radiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Yong Seok Lee
- Department Radiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Department of Radiology, Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Korea
| | - Alexander Yuen
- Department Radiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Steven S Raman
- Department Radiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Daniela Markovic
- Department of Biomathematics, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - David S Lu
- Department Radiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
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18
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Ali Mohammadie Kojour M, Jang HA, Lee YS, Jo YH, Han YS. Immunological Roles of TmToll-2 in Response to Escherichia coli Systemic Infection in Tenebrio molitor. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232214490. [PMID: 36430968 PMCID: PMC9699188 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The antimicrobial roles of Toll-like receptors have been mainly identified in mammalian models and Drosophila. However, its immunological function in other insects has yet to be fully clarified. Here, we determined the innate immune response involvement of TmToll-2 encountering Gram-negative, Gram-positive, and fungal infection. Our data revealed that TmToll-2 expression could be induced by Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans infections in the fat bodies, gut, Malpighian tubules, and hemolymph of Tenebrio molitor young larvae. However, TmToll-2 silencing via RNAi technology revealed that sole E. coli systemic infection caused mortality in the double-strand RNA TmToll-2-injected group compared with that in the control group. Further investigation indicated that in the absence of TmToll-2, the final effector of Toll signaling pathway, antimicrobial peptide (AMP) genes and relevant transcription factors were significantly downregulated, mainly E. coli post-insult. We showed that the expression of all AMP genes was suppressed in the main immune organ of insects, namely, fat bodies, in silenced individuals, while the relevant expressions were not affected after fungal infection. Thus, our research revealed the immunological roles of TmToll-2 in different organs of T. molitor in response to pathogenic insults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Ali Mohammadie Kojour
- Department of Applied Biology, Institute of Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture (IEFA), College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Am Jang
- Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan 31538, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Seok Lee
- Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan 31538, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Hun Jo
- Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan 31538, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (Y.H.J.); (Y.S.H.)
| | - Yeon Soo Han
- Department of Applied Biology, Institute of Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture (IEFA), College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (Y.H.J.); (Y.S.H.)
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19
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Kwon S, Lee SR, Choi EK, Ahn HJ, Song HS, Lee YS. Comparison of adhesive single-lead ECG device and Holter test for atrial fibrillation monitoring. Eur Heart J 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac544.414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
There is insufficient validation of diagnostic benefits of extended monitoring with an adhesive single-lead ECG device compared to Holter test for routine medical care of AF patients.
Purpose
The study aimed to compare AF detection rates between 72-hour monitoring using an adhesive single-lead ECG device (mobiCARE MC-100, Seers Technology, Republic of Korea) and 24-hour Holter test among AF patients at outpatient clinics.
Methods
A total of 200 AF patients indicated for Holter test at cardiology outpatient clinics enrolled in the study. Study participants equipped both Holter and MC-100 for the first 24 hours (Figure 1). After then, only MC-100 continued ECG monitoring for additional 48 hours. AF detection during the first 24 hours was compared between two devices. The diagnostic benefits of extended monitoring with MC-100 were evaluated.
Results
During the first 24 hours, both monitoring methods detected AF in the same 40/200 (20.0%) patients (20 patients with paroxysmal and persistent AF each). Compared to 24-hour Holter, MC-100 increased AF detection rate by 1.5-fold (58/200; 29.0%) and 1.6-fold (64/200; 32.0%) with 48- and 72-hour monitoring, respectively (Figure 2A). With MC-100, the number of newly discovered patients with paroxysmal AF was 20/44 (45.5%), 18/44 (40.9%), and 6/44 (13.6%) for 24-, 48-, and 72-hour monitoring. Compared to 24-hour Holter, 72-hour monitoring with MC-100 increased the detection rate of paroxysmal AF by 2.2-fold (44/20). If only the episodes lasting over 30 seconds were counted as AF with MC-100, the detection rate of paroxysmal AF was decreased by 9.1% (Figure 2B).
Conclusion
Compared to Holter, AF detection rates could be improved with an adhesive single-lead device, especially for patients with paroxysmal AF. This device is expected to be useful for AF detection among patients whose conventional ECG tests were ineffective in documenting AF episodes.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): The Korea Medical Device Development Fund grant funded by the Korean government (the Ministry of Science and ICT, the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy, the Ministry of Health & Welfare, Republic of Korea, the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety)
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kwon
- Seoul National University Hospital , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - S R Lee
- Seoul National University Hospital , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - E K Choi
- Seoul National University Hospital , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - H J Ahn
- Seoul National University Hospital , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - H S Song
- Seers Technology , Seongnam , Korea (Republic of)
| | - Y S Lee
- Seers Technology , Seongnam , Korea (Republic of)
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20
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Park H, Yu HT, Kim TH, Park J, Park JK, Kang KW, Shim J, Kim JB, Choi EK, Park HW, Lee YS, Joung B. Oral anticoagulation therapy in atrial fibrillation patients with advanced chronic kidney disease: CODE-AF Registry. Eur Heart J 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac544.628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background and objectives
Advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD), including end-stage renal disease (ESRD) on dialysis, increases thromboembolic risk among patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). This study examined the comparative safety and efficacy of direct-acting oral anticoagulant (DOAC) compared to warfarin or no OAC among AF patients with advanced CKD or ESRD on dialysis.
Methods
Using data from the COmparison study of Drugs for symptom control and complication prEvention of AF (CODE-AF) registry, 260 non-valvular AF patients with advanced CKD (defined as estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR] <3 0ml/min per 1.73 m2) or ESRD on dialysis were enrolled from June 2016 to July 2020. The study population was categorized into DOAC, warfarin, and no OAC group, and differences in major or clinically relevant non-major (CRNM) bleeding, stroke/systemic embolism (SE), myocardial infarction/critical limb ischemia (CLI), and death were assessed.
Results
During a median 24 months of follow-up, major or CRNM bleeding risk was significantly reduced in the DOAC group compared to the warfarin group (hazard ratio [HR] 0.21, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.05 to 0.95, p=0.042). In addition, the risk of composite adverse clinical outcome (major or CRNM bleeding, stroke/SE, myocardial infarction/CLI, and death) was significantly reduced in the DOAC group compared to the no OAC group (HR 0.32, 95% CI 0.11 to 0.96, p=0.043).
Conclusion
Among AF patients with advanced CKD or ESRD on dialysis, DOAC was associated with a lower risk of major or CRNM bleeding compared to warfarin and a lower risk of composite adverse clinical outcome compared to no OAC.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): Korean Healthcare Technology R&D project funded by the Ministry of Health & Welfare (HI15C1200, HC19C0130)
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Affiliation(s)
- H Park
- Yonsei University College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - H T Yu
- Yonsei University College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - T H Kim
- Yonsei University College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - J Park
- Ewha Womans University School of Medicine , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - J K Park
- Hanyang university medical center , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - K W Kang
- Eulji University College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - J Shim
- Korea University Anam Hospital , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - J B Kim
- Kyunghee University , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - E K Choi
- Seoul National University Hospital , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - H W Park
- Chonnam National University School of Medicine , Gwangju , Korea (Republic of)
| | - Y S Lee
- Daegu Catholic University Medical Center , Daegu , Korea (Republic of)
| | - B Joung
- Yonsei University College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
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21
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Patnaik BB, Lee YS, Han YS, Jo YH. Editorial: Innate Immune System Guiding Physiological Plasticity in Invertebrates. Front Physiol 2022; 13:947707. [PMID: 35774282 PMCID: PMC9237642 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.947707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Bharat Bhusan Patnaik
- Department of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Fakir Mohan University, Balasore, India
- Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Bharat Bhusan Patnaik,
| | - Yong Seok Lee
- Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, South Korea
| | - Yeon Soo Han
- Department of Applied Biology, Institute of Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Yong Hun Jo
- Department of Applied Biology, Institute of Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
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22
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Park H, Yu HT, Kim TH, Park J, Park JK, Kang KW, Shim J, Kim JB, Kim J, Choi EK, Park HW, Lee YS, Joung B. Resting heart rate and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with atrial fibrillation: CODE-AF registry. Europace 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/europace/euac053.182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.
Background
The prognostic significance of resting heart rate and its therapeutic target in atrial fibrillation (AF) is uncertain.
Purpose
The aim of this study was to investigate the relationships between resting heart rate and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with AF.
Methods
A total of 8,886 patients with AF was included from the COmparison study of Drugs for symptom control and complication prEvention of AF (CODE-AF) registry. Patients were categorized according to baseline heart rate, and cardiovascular outcomes were accessed during a median follow-up of 30 months. The primary outcome was a composite of cardiovascular death, hospitalization due to heart failure, and myocardial infarction/critical limb ischemia.
Results
Compared to heart rate ≥100 beats per minute (bpm), heart rate 80-99 bpm was associated with the lowest risk of primary outcome (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 0.56, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.40-0.79, p=0.001). In subgroup of patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), heart rate between 80-99 bpm was associated with reduced risk of primary outcome compared to heart rate ≥100 bpm (HR 0.40, 95% CI 0.16-0.98, p=0.045). However, in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), there was no association between resting heart rate and cardiovascular outcomes (P for interaction 0.001).
Conclusion
Resting heart rate was associated with cardiovascular outcomes in patients with AF, and those with a resting heart rate between 80-99 bpm had the lowest risk of adverse events. The impact of resting heart rate on adverse events persisted in patients with concomitant HFpEF but was not apparent in those with concomitant HFrEF.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Park
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - HT Yu
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - TH Kim
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - J Park
- Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - JK Park
- Hanyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - KW Kang
- Eulji University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - J Shim
- Korea University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - JB Kim
- Kyung Hee University Hospital, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - J Kim
- University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - EK Choi
- Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - HW Park
- Chonnam National University School of Medicine, Gwangju, Korea (Republic of)
| | - YS Lee
- Daegu Catholic University Medical Center, Daegu, Korea (Republic of)
| | - B Joung
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
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23
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Sugianto R, Toh JY, Wong SF, Tint MT, Colega MT, Lee YS, Yap F, Shek LPC, Tan KH, Godfrey KM, Chong YS, Tai BC, Chong MFF. Dietary patterns of 5-year-old children and their correlates: findings from a multi-ethnic Asian cohort. Br J Nutr 2022; 127:763-772. [PMID: 33910654 PMCID: PMC7612427 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114521001434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
There is limited data on the dietary patterns of 5-year-old children in Asia. The study examined childhood dietary patterns and their maternal and child correlates in a multi-ethnic Asian cohort. Based on caregiver-reported 1-month quantitative FFQ of 777 children from the Growing Up in Singapore Towards healthy Outcomes cohort, cluster analysis identified two mutually exclusive clusters. Children in the 'Unhealthy' cluster (43·9 %) consumed more fries, processed meat, biscuits and ice cream, and less fish, fruits and vegetables compared with those in the 'Healthy' cluster (56·1 %). Children with mothers of lower educational attainment had twice the odds of being assigned to the 'Unhealthy' cluster (adjusted OR (95 % CI) = 2·19 (95 % CI 1·49-3·24)). Children of Malay and Indian ethnicities had higher odds of being assigned to the 'Unhealthy' cluster (adjusted OR = 25·46 (95 % CI 15·40, 42·10) and 4·03 (95 % CI 2·68-6·06), respectively), relative to Chinese ethnicity. In conclusion, this study identified two dietary patterns in children, labelled as the 'Unhealthy' and 'Healthy' clusters. Mothers' educational attainment and ethnicity were two correlates that were associated with the children's assignments to the clusters. These findings can assist in informing health promotion programmes targeted at Asian children.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Sugianto
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore
| | - JY Toh
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore
| | - SF Wong
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore
| | - MT Tint
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore
| | - MT Colega
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore
| | - YS Lee
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore
- Khoo Teck Puat-National University Children’s Medical Institute, National University Hospital and National University Health System, Singapore
| | - F Yap
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
- KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore
| | - LPC Shek
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore
- Khoo Teck Puat-National University Children’s Medical Institute, National University Hospital and National University Health System, Singapore
| | - KH Tan
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
- KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore
| | - KM Godfrey
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, United Kingdom
- Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - YS Chong
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore
| | - BC Tai
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore
| | - MFF Chong
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore
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24
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Baliarsingh S, Sahoo S, Jo YH, Han YS, Sarkar A, Lee YS, Mohanty J, Patnaik BB. Molecular cloning, sequence characterization, and expression analysis of C-type lectin (CTL) and ER-Golgi intermediate compartment 53-kDa protein (ERGIC-53) homologs from the freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii. Aquac Int 2022; 30:1011-1035. [PMID: 35153391 PMCID: PMC8816683 DOI: 10.1007/s10499-022-00845-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Lectin protein families are diverse and multi-functional in crustaceans. The carbohydrate-binding domains (CRDs) of lectins recognize the molecular patterns associated with pathogens and orchestrate important roles in crustacean defense. In this study, two lectin homologs, a single CRD containing C-type lectin (CTL) and an L-type lectin (LTL) domain containing endoplasmic reticulum Golgi intermediate compartment 53 kDa protein (ERGIC-53) were identified from the freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii. The open reading frames of MrCTL and MrERGIC-53 were 654 and 1,515 bp, encoding polypeptides of 217 and 504 amino acids, respectively. Further, MrCTL showed a 20-amino acid transmembrane helix region and 10 carbohydrate-binding residues within the CRD. MrERGIC-53 showed a signal peptide region, a type-I transmembrane region, and a coiled-coil region at the C-terminus. Phylogenetic analysis revealed a close relationship between MrCTL and MrLectin and M. nipponense CTL (MnCTL), whereas MrERGIC-53 shared high sequence identity with Eriocheir sinensis ERGIC-53 and Penaeus vannamei MBL-1. A homology-based model predicted small carbohydrate-combining sites with a metal-binding site for ligand binding (Ca2+ binding site) in MrCTL and beta-sheets connected by short loops and beta-bends forming a dome-shaped beta-barrel structure representing the LTL domain of MrERGIC-53. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction detected MrCTL and MrERGIC-53 transcripts in all examined tissues, with particularly high levels observed in hemocytes, hepatopancreas, and mucosal-associated tissues, such as the stomach and intestine. Further, the expression levels of MrCTL and MrERGIC-53 transcripts were remarkably altered after V. harveyi challenge, suggesting putative function in host innate immunity. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10499-022-00845-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Snigdha Baliarsingh
- PG Department of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Fakir Mohan University, Vyasa Vihar, Nuapadhi, Balasore, 756089 Odisha India
| | - Sonalina Sahoo
- Fish Genetics and Biotechnology Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Kausalyaganga, Bhubaneswar, 751002 Odisha India
| | - Yong Hun Jo
- Department of Applied Biology, Institute of Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture, School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Yeon Soo Han
- Department of Applied Biology, Institute of Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture, School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Arup Sarkar
- School of Biotech Sciences, Trident Academy of Creative Technology, Chandaka Industrial Estate, Chandrasekharpur, Bhubaneswar, 751024 Odisha India
| | - Yong Seok Lee
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan City, Asan, South Korea
| | - Jyotirmaya Mohanty
- Fish Genetics and Biotechnology Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Kausalyaganga, Bhubaneswar, 751002 Odisha India
| | - Bharat Bhusan Patnaik
- PG Department of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Fakir Mohan University, Vyasa Vihar, Nuapadhi, Balasore, 756089 Odisha India
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Ko HJ, Patnaik BB, Park KB, Kim CE, Baliarsingh S, Jang HA, Lee YS, Han YS, Jo YH. TmIKKε Is Required to Confer Protection Against Gram-Negative Bacteria, E. coli by the Regulation of Antimicrobial Peptide Production in the Tenebrio molitor Fat Body. Front Physiol 2022; 12:758862. [PMID: 35069235 PMCID: PMC8777057 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.758862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The inhibitor of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) kinase (IKK) is the core regulator of the NF-κB pathway against pathogenic invasion in vertebrates or invertebrates. IKKβ, -ε and -γ have pivotal roles in the Toll and immune deficiency (IMD) pathways. In this study, a homolog of IKKε (TmIKKε) was identified from Tenebrio molitor RNA sequence database and functionally characterized for its role in regulating immune signaling pathways in insects. The TmIKKε gene is characterized by two exons and one intron comprising an open reading frame (ORF) of 2,196 bp that putatively encodes a polypeptide of 731 amino acid residues. TmIKKε contains a serine/threonine protein kinases catalytic domain. Phylogenetic analysis established the close homology of TmIKKε to Tribolium castaneum IKKε (TcIKKε) and its proximity with other IKK-related kinases. The expression of TmIKKε mRNA was elevated in the gut, integument, and hemocytes of the last-instar larva and the fat body, Malpighian tubules, and testis of 5-day-old adults. TmIKKε expression was significantly induced by Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans challenge in whole larvae and tissues, such as hemocytes, gut, and fat body. The knockdown of the TmIKKε messenger RNA (mRNA) expression significantly reduced the survival of the larvae against microbial challenges. Further, we investigated the induction patterns of 14 T. molitor antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) genes in TmIKKε gene-silencing model after microbial challenges. While in hemocytes, the transcriptional regulation of most AMPs was negatively regulated in the gut and fat body tissue of T. molitor, AMPs, such as TmTenecin 1, TmTenecin 4, TmDefensin, TmColeoptericin A, TmColeoptericin B, TmAttacin 1a, and TmAttacin 2, were positively regulated in TmIKKε-silenced individuals after microbial challenge. Collectively, the results implicate TmIKKε as an important factor in antimicrobial innate immune responses in T. molitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Jin Ko
- Department of Applied Biology, Institute of Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Bharat Bhusan Patnaik
- Department of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Fakir Mohan University, Balasore, India
| | - Ki Beom Park
- Department of Applied Biology, Institute of Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Chang Eun Kim
- Department of Applied Biology, Institute of Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Snigdha Baliarsingh
- Department of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Fakir Mohan University, Balasore, India
| | - Ho Am Jang
- Department of Applied Biology, Institute of Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Yong Seok Lee
- Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, South Korea
| | - Yeon Soo Han
- Department of Applied Biology, Institute of Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Yong Hun Jo
- Department of Applied Biology, Institute of Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
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Kim SY, Kook KS, Lee YS, Kim BS, Song SY. Oral Administration of Megestrol Acetate Can Increase Fat Graft Survival in a Rat Model. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 2022; 75:1878-1885. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjps.2022.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Bae YM, Jo YH, Patnaik BB, Kim BB, Park KB, Edosa TT, Keshavarz M, Kojour MAM, Lee YS, Han YS. Tenebrio molitor Spätzle 1b Is Required to Confer Antibacterial Defense Against Gram-Negative Bacteria by Regulation of Antimicrobial Peptides. Front Physiol 2021; 12:758859. [PMID: 34867464 PMCID: PMC8637286 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.758859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Innate immunity is the ultimate line of defense against invading pathogens in insects. Unlike in the mammalian model, in the insect model, invading pathogens are recognized by extracellular receptors, which activate the Toll signaling pathway through an extracellular serine protease cascade. In the Toll-NF-κB pathway, the extracellular spätzle protein acts as a downstream ligand for Toll receptors in insects. In this study, we identified a novel Spätzle isoform (TmSpz1b) from RNA sequencing database of Tenebrio molitor. TmSpz1b was bioinformatically analyzed, and functionally characterized for the antimicrobial function by RNA interference (RNAi). The 702 bp open reading frame of TmSpz1b encoded a putative protein of 233 amino acid residues. A conserved cystine-knot domain with seven cysteine residues in TmSpz1b was involved in three disulfide bridges and the formation of a spätzle dimer. TmSpz1b was mostly expressed in the hemocytes of T. molitor late instar larvae. The mRNA expression of TmSpz1b was highly induced in the hemocytes after Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans stimulation of T. molitor larvae. TmSpz1b silenced larvae were significantly more susceptible to E. coli infection. In addition, RNAi-based functional assay characterized TmSpz1b to be involved in the positive regulation of antimicrobial peptide genes in hemocytes and fat bodies. Further, the TmDorX2 transcripts were downregulated in TmSpz1b silenced individuals upon E. coli challenge suggesting the relationship to Toll signaling pathway. These results indicate that TmSpz1b is involved in the T. molitor innate immunity, causes the sequestration of Gram-negative bacteria by the regulatory action of antimicrobial peptides, and enhances the survival of T. molitor larvae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Min Bae
- Department of Applied Biology, Institute of Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture (IEFA), College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Yong Hun Jo
- Department of Applied Biology, Institute of Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture (IEFA), College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Bharat Bhusan Patnaik
- Department of Bio-Science and Bio-Technology, Fakir Mohan University, Balasore, India
| | - Bo Bae Kim
- Department of Applied Biology, Institute of Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture (IEFA), College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Ki Beom Park
- Department of Applied Biology, Institute of Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture (IEFA), College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Tariku Tesfaye Edosa
- Department of Applied Biology, Institute of Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture (IEFA), College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea.,Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Ambo Agricultural Research Center, Ambo, Ethiopia
| | - Maryam Keshavarz
- Department of Applied Biology, Institute of Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture (IEFA), College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea.,Department of Evolutionary Biology, Institute for Biology-Zoology, Free University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Maryam Ali Mohammadie Kojour
- Department of Applied Biology, Institute of Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture (IEFA), College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Yong Seok Lee
- Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, South Korea
| | - Yeon Soo Han
- Department of Applied Biology, Institute of Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture (IEFA), College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
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Jeong KY, Lee J, Yuk JE, Park JH, Ferreira F, Sang MK, Lee YS, Vogel L, Park KH, Park J. Characterization of the major allergen, Que ac 1, from sawtooth oak pollen. Allergy 2021; 76:2626-2629. [PMID: 33896022 DOI: 10.1111/all.14875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kyoung Yong Jeong
- Department of Internal Medicine Institute of Allergy Yonsei University College of Medicine Seoul Korea
| | - Jongsun Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine Institute of Allergy Yonsei University College of Medicine Seoul Korea
| | - Ji Eun Yuk
- Department of Internal Medicine Institute of Allergy Yonsei University College of Medicine Seoul Korea
| | - Jong Han Park
- Department of Medicine Yonsei University College of Medicine Seoul Korea
| | - Fatima Ferreira
- Department of Bioscience University of Salzburg Salzburg Austria
| | - Min Kyu Sang
- Department of Biology College of Natural Sciences Soonchunhyang University Asan Korea
| | - Yong Seok Lee
- Department of Biology College of Natural Sciences Soonchunhyang University Asan Korea
| | - Lothar Vogel
- Paul Ehrlich Institut Federal Agency of Sera and Vaccines Langen Germany
| | - Kyung Hee Park
- Department of Internal Medicine Institute of Allergy Yonsei University College of Medicine Seoul Korea
| | - Jung‐Won Park
- Department of Internal Medicine Institute of Allergy Yonsei University College of Medicine Seoul Korea
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Lee YS, Lim JH, Ryu W, Park MH, Kim L, Kim K, Kim WY, Nam HS. The clinical impact of three validated PD-L1 immunohistochemistry assays as a prognostic factor in small cell lung cancer. Transl Lung Cancer Res 2021; 10:2539-2550. [PMID: 34295660 PMCID: PMC8264325 DOI: 10.21037/tlcr-21-165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Background Evidence of the clinical impact of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression in small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is scarce and conflicting, even though atezolizumab became the first PD-L1 inhibitor approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in recent years for the initial treatment of extensive-stage (ES)-SCLC. Methods We investigated PD-L1 expression in SCLC tumors using the three validated PD-L1 immunohistochemistry (IHC) assays (SP263, SP142, and 22C3) and assessed the correlation between PD-L1 expression and clinicopathological factors to determine the prognostic value of PD-L1 expression. The three PD-L1 IHC analyses were prospectively used to assess tumor samples of patients with SCLC at diagnosis. Results Of the total of 59 patients, 47 patients received the active treatment beyond platinum-based chemotherapy at our institution. PD-L1 expression was positive in 39.0% with SP263, 37.3% with SP142, and 22.0% with 22C3. In a univariate analysis, the positive result of at least one of the three PD-L1 assays and the positive result of the SP142 assay were associated with longer overall survival (OS). A multivariable analysis confirmed that performance status, stage, and the SP142 assay were independent predictors of OS. In subgroup analysis, these results revealed more significant prognostic factors in ES than in limited-stage (LS). In patients with SCLC, especially those with ES, the expression of the SP142 assay is a significant independent prognostic factor. Conclusions Although these results need to be further validated in larger cohorts, this information will benefit clinicians and patients in determining the immunotherapy for patients with ES-SCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Seok Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jun Hyeok Lim
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Inha University Hospital, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Wookyung Ryu
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Inha University Hospital, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Mi Hwa Park
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Inha University Hospital, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Lucia Kim
- Department of Pathology, Inha University Hospital, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Kang Kim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Incheonsarang Hospital, Incheon, Korea
| | - Woo Youl Kim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Incheonsarang Hospital, Incheon, Korea
| | - Hae-Seong Nam
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Inha University Hospital, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
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Jo YH, Lee JH, Patnaik BB, Keshavarz M, Lee YS, Han YS. Autophagy in Tenebrio molitor Immunity: Conserved Antimicrobial Functions in Insect Defenses. Front Immunol 2021; 12:667664. [PMID: 34135896 PMCID: PMC8202003 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.667664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The yellow mealworm beetle (Tenebrio molitor) has been exploited as an experimental model to unravel the intricacies of cellular and humoral immunity against pathogenic infections. Studies on this insect model have provided valuable insights into the phenotypic plasticity of immune defenses against parasites and pathogens. It has thus been possible to characterize the hemocoelic defenses of T. molitor that rely on the recognition of non-self-components of pathogens by pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). The subsequent signaling cascade activating pathways such as the NF-κB controlled by Toll and IMD pathways lead to the synthesis of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), onset of hemocyte-driven phagocytosis, and activation of the prophenoloxidase cascade regulating the process of melanization. Nevertheless, the activation of autophagy-mediated defenses of T. molitor against the facultative intracellular gram-positive bacterium Listeria monocytogenes provides clear evidence of the existence of a cross-talk between autophagy and the IMD pathway. Moreover, the identification of several autophagy-related genes (Atgs) in T. molitor transcriptome and expressed sequence tag (EST) databases has contributed to the understanding of the autophagy-signaling cascade triggered by L. monocytogenes challenge. Providing further evidence of the cross-talk hypothesis, TmRelish has been shown to be required not only for regulating the synthesis of AMPs through the PGRP-LE/IMD pathway activation but also for the expression of Atgs in T. molitor larvae following L. monocytogenes challenge. Notably, L. monocytogenes can stimulate the T. molitor innate immune system by producing molecules recognized by the multifunctional PRR (TmPGRP-LE), which stimulates intracellular activation of the IMD pathway and autophagy. Considering the conservation of autophagy components involved in combating intracellular pathogens, it will be interesting to extrapolate a dynamic cross-talk model of immune activation. This review summarizes the most significant findings on the regulation of autophagy in T. molitor during L. monocytogenes infection and on the role of the innate immunity machinery, including the NF-κB pathway, in the control of pathogenic load.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Hun Jo
- Department of Applied Biology, Institute of Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture (IEFA), College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Jung Hee Lee
- Department of Applied Biology, Institute of Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture (IEFA), College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Bharat Bhusan Patnaik
- P. G. Department of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Fakir Mohan University, Balasore, India
| | - Maryam Keshavarz
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Institute for Biology-Zoology, Free University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Yong Seok Lee
- Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan City, South Korea
| | - Yeon Soo Han
- Department of Applied Biology, Institute of Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture (IEFA), College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
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Kim HJ, Lee HS, Kazmi SZ, Hann HJ, Kang T, Cha J, Choi S, Swan H, Kim H, Lee YS, Ahn HS. Familial risk for endometriosis and its interaction with smoking, age at menarche and body mass index: a population-based cohort study among siblings. BJOG 2021; 128:1938-1948. [PMID: 34028167 DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.16769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To quantify familial risk of endometriosis among full siblings and examine interactions between family history and smoking, age at menarche or body mass index (BMI). DESIGN, SETTING AND POPULATION Population-based nationwide cohort study. METHODS Using data from the Korean National Health Insurance and Screening Programme databases on kinship, healthcare utilisation, lifestyle and anthropometrics, we identified 2 109 288 women with full siblings and their environmental risk factors from 2002 to 2018. Familial risks were estimated using Cox proportional-hazards models, represented as incidence risk ratios (IRR) with 95% CI. Interaction between family history and smoking, age at menarche or BMI were assessed on an additive scale. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES IRR of endometriosis among women with and without affected siblings. RESULTS From 19 195 women with affected siblings, 1126 developed endometriosis with an incidence of 35.45/10 000 person-years. Familial risk of endometriosis with versus without affected siblings was increased to IRR 2.75 (95% CI 2.25-3.36), and the highest risk was with affected twins (IRR 6.98; 95% CI 4.19-11.62). Women with both a family history and either smoking, early menarche or low BMI had a significantly higher risk of endometriosis compared with the general population and can be regarded as a high-risk group, the IRRs were 4.28 (95% CI 2.43-7.55), 3.47 (95% CI 2.82-4.26) and 3.09 (95% CI 2.68-3.56), respectively. Substantial effect modification of the associations was noted by smoking and early menarche, as their combined risk with family history exceeded the sum of their individual risks, which was also statistically significant. CONCLUSION Genetic factors are the primary contributor to the familial aggregation of endometriosis. Significant gene-environment interaction exists between family history and smoking or early menarche.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - H-S Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - S Z Kazmi
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - H J Hann
- Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - T Kang
- Health and Wellness College, Sungshin Women's University, Seoul, Korea
| | - J Cha
- Department of Public Health, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - S Choi
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - H Swan
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - H Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Y S Lee
- Department of Health Informatics and Management, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
| | - H S Ahn
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
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Jeong KY, Lee J, Sang MK, Lee YS, Park KH, Lee JH, Park JW. Sensitization profile to sawtooth oak component allergens and their clinical implications. J Clin Lab Anal 2021; 35:e23825. [PMID: 34002418 PMCID: PMC8274986 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.23825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The component allergens from sawtooth oak, which is a main cause of tree pollinosis in Korea, have not been extensively characterized except Que ac 1. This study was undertaken to characterize the allergenic components from sawtooth oak pollen and investigate the diagnostic values of each component allergen. METHODS Transcriptomic analysis was performed to identify the birch pollen allergen homologues from sawtooth oak pollen. Recombinant Que ac 1, 2, 3, 6, 7, and 8 were produced in an E. coli expression system. IgE reactivity to each allergen was examined by ImmunoCAP and ELISA using the sera of 50 Korean tree pollinosis patients. RESULTS Six birch pollen allergen homologues were identified using transcriptome analysis, as follows: Que ac 1 (54.8% identity to Bet v 1), Que ac 2 (79.7% to Bet v 2), Que ac 3 (24.9% to Bet v 3), 6 (71.3% to Bet v 6), Que ac 7 (80.9% to Bet v 7), and Que ac 8 (78.9% to Bet v 8). Que ac 1 sIgE was the most frequently recognized (84.0%), followed by Que ac 2 (12.0%), Que ac 3 (6.0%), and three other allergens (2.0% each). Que ac 1 was a dominant allergen affecting 83.7% of patients suffering from allergic rhinoconjunctivitis, and 92.9% of pollen food allergy syndrome patients. CONCLUSION Five novel IgE reactive components of sawtooth oak were characterized using transcriptome analysis. Que ac 1 is the single most important component allergen of sawtooth oak pollen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoung Yong Jeong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Allergy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jongsun Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Allergy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min Kyu Sang
- Department of Biology, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Korea
| | - Yong Seok Lee
- Department of Biology, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Korea
| | - Kyung Hee Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Allergy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae-Hyun Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Allergy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung-Won Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Allergy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Kim JY, Lee YS, Yu J, Park Y, Lee SK, Lee M, Lee JE, Kim SW, Nam SJ, Park YH, Ahn JS, Kang M, Im YH. Deep Learning-Based Prediction Model for Breast Cancer Recurrence Using Adjuvant Breast Cancer Cohort in Tertiary Cancer Center Registry. Front Oncol 2021; 11:596364. [PMID: 34017679 PMCID: PMC8129587 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.596364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Several prognosis prediction models have been developed for breast cancer (BC) patients with curative surgery, but there is still an unmet need to precisely determine BC prognosis for individual BC patients in real time. This is a retrospectively collected data analysis from adjuvant BC registry at Samsung Medical Center between January 2000 and December 2016. The initial data set contained 325 clinical data elements: baseline characteristics with demographics, clinical and pathologic information, and follow-up clinical information including laboratory and imaging data during surveillance. Weibull Time To Event Recurrent Neural Network (WTTE-RNN) by Martinsson was implemented for machine learning. We searched for the optimal window size as time-stamped inputs. To develop the prediction model, data from 13,117 patients were split into training (60%), validation (20%), and test (20%) sets. The median follow-up duration was 4.7 years and the median number of visits was 8.4. We identified 32 features related to BC recurrence and considered them in further analyses. Performance at a point of statistics was calculated using Harrell's C-index and area under the curve (AUC) at each 2-, 5-, and 7-year points. After 200 training epochs with a batch size of 100, the C-index reached 0.92 for the training data set and 0.89 for the validation and test data sets. The AUC values were 0.90 at 2-year point, 0.91 at 5-year point, and 0.91 at 7-year point. The deep learning-based final model outperformed three other machine learning-based models. In terms of pathologic characteristics, the median absolute error (MAE) and weighted mean absolute error (wMAE) showed great results of as little as 3.5%. This BC prognosis model to determine the probability of BC recurrence in real time was developed using information from the time of BC diagnosis and the follow-up period in RNN machine learning model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Yeon Kim
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yong Seok Lee
- Digital Health Business Team, Samsung SDS, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jonghan Yu
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Youngmin Park
- Digital Health Business Team, Samsung SDS, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Se Kyung Lee
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Minyoung Lee
- Digital Health Business Team, Samsung SDS, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jeong Eon Lee
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seok Won Kim
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seok Jin Nam
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yeon Hee Park
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jin Seok Ahn
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Mira Kang
- Center for Health Promotion, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Young-Hyuck Im
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Jeong MJ, Chung DJ, Park JH, Park SH, Kim CJ, Lee YS. Imaging-guided percutaneous radiofrequency ablation of retroperitoneal metastatic disease in uterine carcinosarcoma. J OBSTET GYNAECOL 2021; 41:1268-1270. [PMID: 33645390 DOI: 10.1080/01443615.2020.1863933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Min Jin Jeong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Jin Chung
- Department of Radiology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Hyun Park
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Hye Park
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Joo Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Seok Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Hong KS, Kwon SU, Park JH, Cha JK, Jung JM, Kim YJ, Lee KB, Sohn SI, Lee YS, Rha JH, Kwon JH, Han SW, Kim BJ, Koo J, Choi JC, Sung SM, Lee SJ, Park MS, Ahn SH, Bang OY, Hwang YH, Nam HS, Park JM, Bae HJ, Kim EG, Lee KY, Oh MS. Fimasartan-Based Blood Pressure Control after Acute Cerebral Ischemia: The Fimasartan-Based Blood Pressure Control after Acute Cerebral Ischemia Study. J Clin Neurol 2021; 17:344-353. [PMID: 34184441 PMCID: PMC8242309 DOI: 10.3988/jcn.2021.17.3.344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose Blood pressure (BP) control is strongly recommended, but BP control rate has not been well studied in patients with stroke. We evaluated the BP control rate with fimasartan-based antihypertensive therapy initiated in patients with recent cerebral ischemia. Methods This multicenter, prospective, single-arm trial involved 27 centers in South Korea. Key inclusion criteria were recent cerebral ischemia within 90 days and high BP [systolic blood pressure (SBP) >140 mm Hg or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) >90 mm Hg]. BP lowering was initiated with fimasartan. BP management during the follow-up was at the discretion of the responsible investigators. The primary endpoint was the target BP goal achievement rate (<140/90 mm Hg) at 24 weeks. Key secondary endpoints included achieved BP and BP changes at each visit, and clinical events (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03231293). Results Of 1,035 patients enrolled, 1,026 were included in the safety analysis, and 951 in the efficacy analysis. Their mean age was 64.1 years, 33% were female, the median time interval from onset to enrollment was 10 days, and the baseline SBP and DBP were 162.3±16.0 and 92.2±12.4 mm Hg (mean±SD). During the study period, 55.5% of patients were maintained on fimasartan monotherapy, and 44.5% received antihypertensive therapies other than fimasartan monotherapy at at least one visit. The target BP goal achievement rate at 24-week was 67.3% (48.6% at 4-week and 61.4% at 12-week). The mean BP was 139.0/81.8±18.3/11.7, 133.8/79.2±16.4/11.0, and 132.8/78.5±15.6/10.9 mm Hg at 4-, 12-, and 24-week. The treatment-emergent adverse event rate was 5.4%, including one serious adverse event. Conclusions Fimasartan-based BP lowering achieved the target BP in two-thirds of patients at 24 weeks, and was generally well tolerated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keun Sik Hong
- Department of Neurology, Ilsan Paik Hospital, Inje University, Goyang, Korea.
| | - Sun Uck Kwon
- Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Jong Ho Park
- Department of Neurology, Myongji Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Goyang, Korea
| | - Jae Kwan Cha
- Department of Neurology, Dong-A University Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Jin Man Jung
- Department of Neurology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Korea
| | - Yong Jae Kim
- Department of Neurology, Eunpyeong St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung Bok Lee
- Department of Neurology, Soonchunhyang University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Il Sohn
- Department of Neurology, Keimyung University Dongsan Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - Yong Seok Lee
- Department of Neurology, Seoul Metropolitan Government-Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joung Ho Rha
- Department of Neurology, Inha University Hospital, Incheon, Korea
| | - Jee Hyun Kwon
- Department of Neurology, Ulsan University College of Medicine, Ulsan, Korea
| | - Sang Won Han
- Department of Neurology, Sanggye Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Bum Joon Kim
- Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jaseong Koo
- Department of Neurology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jay Chol Choi
- Department of Neurology, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju, Korea
| | - Sang Min Sung
- Department of Neurology, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Soo Joo Lee
- Department of Neurology, Daejeon Eulji University Hospital, Eulji University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Man Seok Park
- Department of Neurology, Chonnam National University Medical School & Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Seong Hwan Ahn
- Department of Neurology, Chosun University School of Medicine, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Oh Young Bang
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yang Ha Hwang
- Department of Neurology, Kyungpook National University Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Hyo Suk Nam
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong Moo Park
- Department of Neurology, Uijeongbu Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University School of Medicine, Uijeongbu, Korea
| | - Hee Joon Bae
- Department of Neurology, Cerebrovascular Center, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Eung Gyu Kim
- Department of Neurology, Inje University Busan Paik Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Kyung Yul Lee
- Department of Neurology, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mi Sun Oh
- Department of Neurology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, Korea
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Jin HY, Lee CS, Lee YS. Laparoscopic extended right hemicolectomy with D3 lymph node dissection using a new articulating instrument. Tech Coloproctol 2020; 25:235-237. [PMID: 32926244 PMCID: PMC7884364 DOI: 10.1007/s10151-020-02345-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- H Y Jin
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, 222, Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - C S Lee
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, 222, Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Y S Lee
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, 222, Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea.
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Ko HJ, Jo YH, Patnaik BB, Park KB, Kim CE, Keshavarz M, Jang HA, Lee YS, Han YS. IKKγ/NEMO Is Required to Confer Antimicrobial Innate Immune Responses in the Yellow Mealworm, Tenebrio Molitor. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21186734. [PMID: 32937897 PMCID: PMC7555931 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
IKKγ/NEMO is the regulatory subunit of the IκB kinase (IKK) complex, which regulates the NF-κB signaling pathway. Within the IKK complex, IKKγ/NEMO is the non-catalytic subunit, whereas IKKα and IKKβ are the structurally related catalytic subunits. In this study, TmIKKγ was screened from the Tenebrio molitor RNA-Seq database and functionally characterized using RNAi screening for its role in regulating T. molitor antimicrobial peptide (AMP) genes after microbial challenges. The TmIKKγ transcript is 1521 bp that putatively encodes a polypeptide of 506 amino acid residues. TmIKKγ contains a NF-κB essential modulator (NEMO) and a leucine zipper domain of coiled coil region 2 (LZCC2). A phylogenetic analysis confirmed its homology to the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum IKKγ (TcIKKγ). The expression of TmIKKγ mRNA showed that it might function in diverse tissues of the insect, with a higher expression in the hemocytes and the fat body of the late-instar larvae. TmIKKγ mRNA expression was induced by Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans challenges in the whole larvae and in tissues such as the hemocytes, gut and fat body. The knockdown of TmIKKγ mRNA significantly reduced the survival of the larvae after microbial challenges. Furthermore, we investigated the tissue-specific induction patterns of fourteen T. molitor AMP genes in TmIKKγ mRNA-silenced individuals after microbial challenges. In general, the mRNA expression of TmTenecin1, -2, and -4; TmDefensin1 and -2; TmColeoptericin1 and 2; and TmAttacin1a, 1b, and 2 were found to be downregulated in the hemocytes, gut, and fat body tissues in the TmIKKγ-silenced individuals after microbial challenges. Under similar conditions, TmRelish (NF-κB transcription factor) mRNA was also found to be downregulated. Thus, TmIKKγ is an important factor in the antimicrobial innate immune response of T. molitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Jin Ko
- Department of Applied Biology, Institute of Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture (IEFA), College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea; (H.J.K.); (Y.H.J.); (K.B.P.); (C.E.K.); (M.K.); (H.A.J.)
| | - Yong Hun Jo
- Department of Applied Biology, Institute of Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture (IEFA), College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea; (H.J.K.); (Y.H.J.); (K.B.P.); (C.E.K.); (M.K.); (H.A.J.)
| | - Bharat Bhusan Patnaik
- School of Biotech Sciences, Trident Academy of Creative Technology (TACT), Chandrasekharpur, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751024, India;
- P.G. Department of Bio-Sciences and Bio-Technology, Fakir Mohan University, Nuapadhi, Balasore, Odisha 756089, India
| | - Ki Beom Park
- Department of Applied Biology, Institute of Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture (IEFA), College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea; (H.J.K.); (Y.H.J.); (K.B.P.); (C.E.K.); (M.K.); (H.A.J.)
| | - Chang Eun Kim
- Department of Applied Biology, Institute of Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture (IEFA), College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea; (H.J.K.); (Y.H.J.); (K.B.P.); (C.E.K.); (M.K.); (H.A.J.)
| | - Maryam Keshavarz
- Department of Applied Biology, Institute of Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture (IEFA), College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea; (H.J.K.); (Y.H.J.); (K.B.P.); (C.E.K.); (M.K.); (H.A.J.)
| | - Ho Am Jang
- Department of Applied Biology, Institute of Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture (IEFA), College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea; (H.J.K.); (Y.H.J.); (K.B.P.); (C.E.K.); (M.K.); (H.A.J.)
| | - Yong Seok Lee
- School of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, 22 Soonchunhyangro, Shinchang-Myeon, Asan, Chungchungnam-do 31538, Korea;
| | - Yeon Soo Han
- Department of Applied Biology, Institute of Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture (IEFA), College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea; (H.J.K.); (Y.H.J.); (K.B.P.); (C.E.K.); (M.K.); (H.A.J.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-62-530-2072
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Jeong MJ, Park JH, Hur SY, Kim CJ, Nam HS, Lee YS. Preoperative Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio as a Prognostic Factor in Uterine Sarcoma. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9092898. [PMID: 32911724 PMCID: PMC7564429 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9092898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Recent studies have demonstrated that the tumor microenvironment, known to be influenced by inflammatory cells, plays a crucial role in cancer progression and clinical outcome of patients. The objective of the present study was to investigate prognostic values of preoperative neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) for disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) of uterine sarcoma patients. Methods: Ninety-nine patients with uterine sarcoma treated in eight multicenter institutions over the last 20 years were retrospectively analyzed. Curves of DFS and OS were calculated using the Kaplan–Meier method, and univariate and multivariate analyses of various prognostic factors were performed using a Cox proportional hazard regression model. Results: High NLR was significantly associated with worse DFS (p = 0.007) and OS (p = 0.039). Advanced stage (p = 0.017) and high mitotic index (p = 0.036) retained their prognostic significance for DFS. Other clinical variables, including PLR, CA125, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) failed to show significant impact. Conclusions: Our findings showed that an elevated preoperative NLR was associated with poor clinical outcome in uterine sarcoma patients. Our results suggest that high NLR in early-stage uterine sarcoma patients might indicate that such patients need more intensive treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Jin Jeong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 03312, Korea; (M.J.J.); (J.H.P.); (S.Y.H.); (C.J.K.)
| | - Jung Hyun Park
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 03312, Korea; (M.J.J.); (J.H.P.); (S.Y.H.); (C.J.K.)
| | - Soo Young Hur
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 03312, Korea; (M.J.J.); (J.H.P.); (S.Y.H.); (C.J.K.)
| | - Chan Joo Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 03312, Korea; (M.J.J.); (J.H.P.); (S.Y.H.); (C.J.K.)
| | - Hae Seong Nam
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Inha University Hospital, Inha University, School of Medicine, Incheon 22332, Korea
- Correspondence: (H.S.N.); (Y.S.L.)
| | - Yong Seok Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 03312, Korea; (M.J.J.); (J.H.P.); (S.Y.H.); (C.J.K.)
- Correspondence: (H.S.N.); (Y.S.L.)
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Park YH, Lee YS, Seo YM, Seo H, Park JS, Bae HS, Park JC. Midkine Promotes Odontoblast-like Differentiation and Tertiary Dentin Formation. J Dent Res 2020; 99:1082-1091. [PMID: 32442055 DOI: 10.1177/0022034520925427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is an intracellular self-degradation process that is essential for tissue development, cell differentiation, and survival. Nevertheless, the role of autophagy in tooth development has not been definitively identified. The goal of this study was to investigate how autophagy is involved in midkine (MK)-mediated odontoblast-like differentiation, mineralization, and tertiary dentin formation in a mouse tooth pulp exposure model. In vitro studies show that MK and LC3 have similar expression patterns during odontoblast-like cell differentiation. Odontoblast-like cell differentiation is promoted through MK-mediated autophagy, which leads to increased mineralized nodule formation. Subcutaneous transplantation of hydroxyapatite/tricalcium phosphate with rMK-treated human dental pulp cells led to dentin pulp-like tissue formation through MK-mediated autophagy. Furthermore, MK-mediated autophagy induces differentiation of dental pulp cells into odontoblast-like cells that form DSP-positive tertiary dentin in vivo. Our findings may provide 1) novel insight into the role of MK in regulating odontoblast-like differentiation and dentin formation in particular via autophagy and 2) potential application of MK in vital pulp therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y H Park
- Laboratory for the Study of Regenerative Dental Medicine, Department of Oral Histology-Developmental Biology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Y S Lee
- Laboratory for the Study of Regenerative Dental Medicine, Department of Oral Histology-Developmental Biology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Y M Seo
- Laboratory for the Study of Regenerative Dental Medicine, Department of Oral Histology-Developmental Biology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - H Seo
- Laboratory for the Study of Regenerative Dental Medicine, Department of Oral Histology-Developmental Biology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J S Park
- Department of Dental Hygiene, Seoyeong University, Gwang-ju, Republic of Korea
| | - H S Bae
- Department of Oral Hygiene, Namseoul University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - J C Park
- Laboratory for the Study of Regenerative Dental Medicine, Department of Oral Histology-Developmental Biology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Kim CE, Park KB, Ko HJ, Keshavarz M, Bae YM, Kim B, Patnaik BB, Jang HA, Lee YS, Han YS, Jo YH. Aedes albopictus Autophagy-Related Gene 8 ( AaAtg8) Is Required to Confer Anti-Bacterial Gut Immunity. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21082944. [PMID: 32331330 PMCID: PMC7215330 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21082944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is an important process by which pathogens and damaged or unused organelles are eliminated. The role of autophagy in development and the immune response to pathogens is well established. Autophagy-related protein 8 (Atg8) is involved in the formation of the autophagosome and, with the help of the serine protease Atg4, mediates the delivery of both vesicles and the autophagosome to the vacuole. Here, we cloned the Aedes albopictus autophagy-related protein 8 (AaAtg8) gene and characterized its role in the innate immunity of the mosquito against microbial infections. AaAtg8 is comprised of an open reading frame (ORF) region of 357 bp encoding a polypeptide of 118 amino acid residues. A domain analysis of AaAtg8 revealed an Atg8 ubiquitin-like domain, Atg7/Atg4 interaction sites, and peptide binding sites. The AaAtg8 mRNA expression was high in the Malpighian tubules and heads of both sugar-fed and blood-fed adult female mosquitoes. The expression level of AaAtg8 mRNA increased in the midgut and abdominal carcass following being challenged with Listeria monocytogenes. To investigate the role of AaAtg8 in the innate immune responses of Ae. albopictus, AaAtg8 gene-silenced adult mosquitoes were challenged by injection or by being fed microorganisms in blood. High mortality rates were observed in mosquitoes in which AaAtg8 was silenced after challenges of microorganisms to the host by blood feeding. This suggests that Atg8-autophagy plays a critical role in the gut immunity in Ae. albopictus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Eun Kim
- Department of Applied Biology, Institute of Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture (IEFA), College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea; (C.E.K.); (K.B.P.); (H.J.K.); (M.K.); (Y.M.B.); (B.K.); (H.A.J.)
| | - Ki Beom Park
- Department of Applied Biology, Institute of Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture (IEFA), College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea; (C.E.K.); (K.B.P.); (H.J.K.); (M.K.); (Y.M.B.); (B.K.); (H.A.J.)
| | - Hye Jin Ko
- Department of Applied Biology, Institute of Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture (IEFA), College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea; (C.E.K.); (K.B.P.); (H.J.K.); (M.K.); (Y.M.B.); (B.K.); (H.A.J.)
| | - Maryam Keshavarz
- Department of Applied Biology, Institute of Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture (IEFA), College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea; (C.E.K.); (K.B.P.); (H.J.K.); (M.K.); (Y.M.B.); (B.K.); (H.A.J.)
| | - Young Min Bae
- Department of Applied Biology, Institute of Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture (IEFA), College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea; (C.E.K.); (K.B.P.); (H.J.K.); (M.K.); (Y.M.B.); (B.K.); (H.A.J.)
| | - BoBae Kim
- Department of Applied Biology, Institute of Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture (IEFA), College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea; (C.E.K.); (K.B.P.); (H.J.K.); (M.K.); (Y.M.B.); (B.K.); (H.A.J.)
| | - Bharat Bhusan Patnaik
- P. G Department of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Fakir Mohan University, Vyasa Vihar, Nuapadhi, Balasore, Odisha 756089, India;
- School of Biotech Sciences, Trident Academy of Creative Technology (TACT), Chandrasekharpur, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751024, India
| | - Ho Am Jang
- Department of Applied Biology, Institute of Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture (IEFA), College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea; (C.E.K.); (K.B.P.); (H.J.K.); (M.K.); (Y.M.B.); (B.K.); (H.A.J.)
| | - Yong Seok Lee
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, 22 Soonchunhyangro, Shinchang-myeon, Asan, Chungchungnam-do 31538, Korea;
| | - Yeon Soo Han
- Department of Applied Biology, Institute of Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture (IEFA), College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea; (C.E.K.); (K.B.P.); (H.J.K.); (M.K.); (Y.M.B.); (B.K.); (H.A.J.)
- Correspondence: (Y.S.H.); (Y.H.J.); Tel.: +82-62-530-2072 (Y.S.H.); +82-62-530-0316 (Y.H.J.); Fax: +82-62-530-2069 (Y.S.H. & Y.H.J.)
| | - Yong Hun Jo
- Department of Applied Biology, Institute of Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture (IEFA), College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea; (C.E.K.); (K.B.P.); (H.J.K.); (M.K.); (Y.M.B.); (B.K.); (H.A.J.)
- Correspondence: (Y.S.H.); (Y.H.J.); Tel.: +82-62-530-2072 (Y.S.H.); +82-62-530-0316 (Y.H.J.); Fax: +82-62-530-2069 (Y.S.H. & Y.H.J.)
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Kalhan TA, Un Lam C, Karunakaran B, Chay PL, Chng CK, Nair R, Lee YS, Fong MCF, Chong YS, Kwek K, Saw SM, Shek L, Yap F, Tan KH, Godfrey KM, Huang J, Hsu CYS. Caries Risk Prediction Models in a Medical Health Care Setting. J Dent Res 2020; 99:787-796. [PMID: 32311276 DOI: 10.1177/0022034520913476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite development of new technologies for caries control, tooth decay in primary teeth remains a major global health problem. Caries risk assessment (CRA) models for toddlers and preschoolers are rare. Among them, almost all models use dental factors (e.g., past caries experience) to predict future caries risk, with limited clinical/community applicability owing to relatively uncommon dental visits compared to frequent medical visits during the first year of life. The objective of this study was to construct and evaluate risk prediction models using information easily accessible to medical practitioners to forecast caries at 2 and 3 y of age. Data were obtained from the Growing Up in Singapore Towards Healthy Outcomes (GUSTO) mother-offspring cohort. Caries was diagnosed using modified International Caries Detection and Assessment System criteria. Risk prediction models were constructed using multivariable logistic regression coupled with receiver operating characteristic analyses. Imputation was performed using multiple imputation by chained equations to assess effect of missing data. Caries rates at ages 2 y (n = 535) and 3 y (n = 721) were 17.8% and 42.9%, respectively. Risk prediction models predicting overall caries risk at 2 and 3 y demonstrated area under the curve (AUC) (95% confidence interval) of 0.81 (0.75-0.87) and 0.79 (0.74-0.84), respectively, while those predicting moderate to extensive lesions showed 0.91 (0.85-0.97) and 0.79 (0.73-0.85), respectively. Postimputation results showed reduced AUC of 0.75 (0.74-0.81) and 0.71 (0.67-0.75) at years 2 and 3, respectively, for overall caries risk, while AUC was 0.84 (0.76-0.92) and 0.75 (0.70-0.80), respectively, for moderate to extensive caries. Addition of anterior caries significantly increased AUC in all year 3 models with or without imputation (all P < 0.05). Significant predictors/protectors were identified, including ethnicity, prenatal tobacco smoke exposure, history of allergies before 12 mo, history of chronic maternal illness, maternal brushing frequency, childbearing age, and so on. Integrating oral-general health care using medical CRA models may be promising in screening caries-susceptible infants/toddlers, especially when medical professionals are trained to "lift the lip" to identify anterior caries lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- T A Kalhan
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - C Un Lam
- Chief Dental Officer's Office, Ministry of Health, College of Medicine Building, Singapore
| | - B Karunakaran
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - P L Chay
- Dental Service, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore
| | - C K Chng
- Dental Service, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore
| | - R Nair
- Radboud University Medical Centre, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Department of Dentistry-Quality and Safety of Oral Healthcare, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.,Dr. D. Y. Patil Dental College & Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Y S Lee
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Division of Paediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Khoo Teck Puat-National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore
| | - M C F Fong
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Y S Chong
- Chief Dental Officer's Office, Ministry of Health, College of Medicine Building, Singapore.,Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - K Kwek
- Dental Service, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore
| | - S M Saw
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - L Shek
- Division of Paediatric Allergy, Immunology & Rheumatology, National University Hospital, Singapore
| | - F Yap
- Department of Paediatrics, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore.,Department of Paediatrics, Duke-National University of Singapore Graduate Medical School, Singapore.,Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - K H Tan
- Dental Service, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore.,Duke-National University of Singapore Graduate Medical School, Singapore
| | - K M Godfrey
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit & NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton & University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - J Huang
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - C-Y S Hsu
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore
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Keshavarz M, Jo YH, Patnaik BB, Park KB, Ko HJ, Kim CE, Edosa TT, Lee YS, Han YS. TmRelish is required for regulating the antimicrobial responses to Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus in Tenebrio molitor. Sci Rep 2020; 10:4258. [PMID: 32144366 PMCID: PMC7060202 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-61157-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Relish, a transcription factor, is a critical downstream component of the immune deficiency (Imd) pathway and regulates host defense against bacterial infection by mediating antimicrobial peptide (AMP) synthesis. Understanding the immunological function of the mealworm beetle, Tenebrio molitor Relish (TmRelish) will be instructive in understanding insect immunity. In the present study, full-length ORF of TmRelish was retrieved from T. molitor-expressed sequence tags and RNA-seq database. The predicted TmRelish amino acid sequence contained an N-terminal Rel-homology domain; an Ig-like, plexin, and transcription factor domain; ankyrin repeat motifs; a nuclear localization signal; and a C-terminal death domain and shared the highly conserved structure of the Relish proteins of other insect species. TmRelish mRNA was detected in all developmental stages of the insect; however, the highest levels were detected in the larval gut tissue and adult hemocytes. TmRelish mRNA level was upregulated in the fat body, hemocyte, and gut tissue 9 h after infection of T. molitor larvae by the gram-negative bacteria, Escherichia coli. Furthermore, TmRelish knockdown led to significantly higher mortality of the E. coli-infected larvae, and significantly lower mortality of larvae infected with Staphylococcus aureus or Candida albicans. To elucidate the possible cause of mortality, we measured AMP transcription in the fat body, hemocytes, gut, and Malpighian tubules (MTs) of T. molitor larvae. TmRelish knockdown suppressed the expression of nine AMP genes in the larval fat body and gut tissue during E. coli infection, suggesting that TmRelish positively regulates AMP expression in both immune-related tissues, in response to E. coli challenge. Furthermore, negative regulation of some AMPs by TmRelish in the MTs, gut and hemocytes in response to C. albicans infection suggests a crosstalk between the Toll and Imd pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Keshavarz
- Department of Applied Biology, Institute of Environmentally Friendly Agriculture (IEFA), College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Hun Jo
- Department of Applied Biology, Institute of Environmentally Friendly Agriculture (IEFA), College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Bharat Bhusan Patnaik
- Department of Applied Biology, Institute of Environmentally Friendly Agriculture (IEFA), College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biotechnology, Trident Academy of Technology (TAT), F2-A, Chandaka Industrial Estate, Chandrasekharpur, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751024, India
| | - Ki Beom Park
- Department of Applied Biology, Institute of Environmentally Friendly Agriculture (IEFA), College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Jin Ko
- Department of Applied Biology, Institute of Environmentally Friendly Agriculture (IEFA), College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Eun Kim
- Department of Applied Biology, Institute of Environmentally Friendly Agriculture (IEFA), College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Tariku Tesfaye Edosa
- Department of Applied Biology, Institute of Environmentally Friendly Agriculture (IEFA), College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Seok Lee
- School of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, 22 Soonchunhyangro, Shinchang-myeon, Asan, Chungchungnam-do, 31538, South Korea
| | - Yeon Soo Han
- Department of Applied Biology, Institute of Environmentally Friendly Agriculture (IEFA), College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea.
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Edosa TT, Jo YH, Keshavarz M, Park KB, Cho JH, Bae YM, Kim B, Lee YS, Han YS. TmAtg6 Plays an Important Role in Anti-Microbial Defense Against Listeria monocytogenes in the Mealworm, Tenebrio molitor. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21041232. [PMID: 32059408 PMCID: PMC7072900 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21041232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy-related gene-6 (Beclin-1 in mammals) plays a pivotal role in autophagy and is involved in autophagosome formation and autolysosome maturation. In this study, we identified and characterized the autophagy-related gene-6 from Tenebrio molitor (TmAtg6) and analyzed its functional role in the survival of the insect against infection. The expression of TmAtg6 was studied using qRT-PCR for the assessment of the transcript levels at various developmental stages in the different tissues. The results showed that TmAtg6 was highly expressed at the 6-day-old pupal stage. Tissue-specific expression studies revealed that TmAtg6 was highly expressed in the hemocytes of late larvae. The induction patterns of TmAtg6 in different tissues of T. molitor larvae were analyzed by injecting Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria monocytogenes, or Candida albicans. The intracellular Gram-positive bacteria, L. monocytogenes, solely induced the expression of TmAtg6 in hemocytes at 9 h-post-injection, whilst in the fat body and gut, bimodal expression times were observed. RNAi-mediated knockdown of the TmAtg6 transcripts, followed by a challenge with microbes, showed a significant reduction in larval survival rate against L. monocytogenes. Taken together, our results suggest that TmAtg6 plays an essential role in anti-microbial defense against intracellular bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tariku Tesfaye Edosa
- Department of Applied Biology, Institute of Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture (IEFA), College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea; (T.T.E.); (Y.H.J.); (M.K.); (K.B.P.); (J.H.C.); (Y.M.B.); (B.K.)
| | - Yong Hun Jo
- Department of Applied Biology, Institute of Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture (IEFA), College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea; (T.T.E.); (Y.H.J.); (M.K.); (K.B.P.); (J.H.C.); (Y.M.B.); (B.K.)
| | - Maryam Keshavarz
- Department of Applied Biology, Institute of Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture (IEFA), College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea; (T.T.E.); (Y.H.J.); (M.K.); (K.B.P.); (J.H.C.); (Y.M.B.); (B.K.)
| | - Ki Beom Park
- Department of Applied Biology, Institute of Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture (IEFA), College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea; (T.T.E.); (Y.H.J.); (M.K.); (K.B.P.); (J.H.C.); (Y.M.B.); (B.K.)
| | - Jun Ho Cho
- Department of Applied Biology, Institute of Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture (IEFA), College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea; (T.T.E.); (Y.H.J.); (M.K.); (K.B.P.); (J.H.C.); (Y.M.B.); (B.K.)
| | - Young Min Bae
- Department of Applied Biology, Institute of Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture (IEFA), College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea; (T.T.E.); (Y.H.J.); (M.K.); (K.B.P.); (J.H.C.); (Y.M.B.); (B.K.)
| | - Bobae Kim
- Department of Applied Biology, Institute of Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture (IEFA), College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea; (T.T.E.); (Y.H.J.); (M.K.); (K.B.P.); (J.H.C.); (Y.M.B.); (B.K.)
| | - Yong Seok Lee
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan City 31538, Korea;
| | - Yeon Soo Han
- Department of Applied Biology, Institute of Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture (IEFA), College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea; (T.T.E.); (Y.H.J.); (M.K.); (K.B.P.); (J.H.C.); (Y.M.B.); (B.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-62-530-2072
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Edosa TT, Jo YH, Keshavarz M, Bae YM, Kim DH, Lee YS, Han YS. TmSpz6 Is Essential for Regulating the Immune Response to Escherichia Coli and Staphylococcus Aureus Infection in Tenebrio Molitor. Insects 2020; 11:insects11020105. [PMID: 32033290 PMCID: PMC7074004 DOI: 10.3390/insects11020105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Spätzle is an extracellular protein that activates the Toll receptor during embryogenesis and immune responses in Drosophila. However, the functions of the spätzle proteins in the innate immune response against bacteria or fungi in T. molitor are not well understood. Therefore, in this study, the open reading frame (ORF) of TmSpz6 was identified and its function in the response to bacterial and fungal infections in T. molitor was investigated using RNAi. The highest expression of TmSpz6 was in prepupae, and 3- and 6-day-old pupae, while remarkable expression was also observed in other stages. The tissue-specific expression analysis showed that TmSpz6 expression was highest in the hemocytes of larvae. TmSpz6 expression was highly induced when challenged with Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, or Candida albicans at 6 h post-injection; however, TmSpz6-silenced larvae were significantly more susceptible to only E. coli and S. aureus infection. The antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) gene expression analysis results show that TmSpz6 mainly positively regulated the expression of TmTencin-2 and -3 in response to E. coli and S. aureus infection. Collectively, these results suggest that TmSpz6 plays an important role in regulating AMP expression and increases the survival of T. molitor against E. coli and S. aureus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tariku Tesfaye Edosa
- Department of Applied Biology, Institute of Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture (IEFA), College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea; (T.T.E.); (Y.H.J.); (M.K.); (Y.M.B.); (D.H.K.)
- Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Ambo Agricultural Research Center, Ambo 37, Ethiopia
| | - Yong Hun Jo
- Department of Applied Biology, Institute of Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture (IEFA), College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea; (T.T.E.); (Y.H.J.); (M.K.); (Y.M.B.); (D.H.K.)
| | - Maryam Keshavarz
- Department of Applied Biology, Institute of Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture (IEFA), College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea; (T.T.E.); (Y.H.J.); (M.K.); (Y.M.B.); (D.H.K.)
| | - Young Min Bae
- Department of Applied Biology, Institute of Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture (IEFA), College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea; (T.T.E.); (Y.H.J.); (M.K.); (Y.M.B.); (D.H.K.)
| | - Dong Hyun Kim
- Department of Applied Biology, Institute of Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture (IEFA), College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea; (T.T.E.); (Y.H.J.); (M.K.); (Y.M.B.); (D.H.K.)
| | - Yong Seok Lee
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan 31538, Korea;
| | - Yeon Soo Han
- Department of Applied Biology, Institute of Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture (IEFA), College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea; (T.T.E.); (Y.H.J.); (M.K.); (Y.M.B.); (D.H.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-62-530-2072
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45
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Mikaiel S, Simonelli J, Li X, Lee Y, Lee YS, Sung K, Lu DS, Tsao T, Wu HH. MRI‐guided targeted needle placement during motion using hydrostatic actuators. Int J Med Robot 2020; 16:e2041. [DOI: 10.1002/rcs.2041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Mikaiel
- Department of Radiological Sciences University of California Los Angeles Los Angeles California
- Physics and Biology in Medicine Program University of California Los Angeles Los Angeles California
| | - James Simonelli
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering University of California Los Angeles Los Angeles California
| | - Xinzhou Li
- Department of Radiological Sciences University of California Los Angeles Los Angeles California
- Department of Bioengineering University of California Los Angeles Los Angeles California
| | - Yu‐Hsiu Lee
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering University of California Los Angeles Los Angeles California
| | - Yong Seok Lee
- Department of Radiological Sciences University of California Los Angeles Los Angeles California
- Department of Radiology Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital Republic of Korea
| | - Kyunghyun Sung
- Department of Radiological Sciences University of California Los Angeles Los Angeles California
- Physics and Biology in Medicine Program University of California Los Angeles Los Angeles California
- Department of Bioengineering University of California Los Angeles Los Angeles California
| | - David S. Lu
- Department of Radiological Sciences University of California Los Angeles Los Angeles California
| | - Tsu‐Chin Tsao
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering University of California Los Angeles Los Angeles California
| | - Holden H. Wu
- Department of Radiological Sciences University of California Los Angeles Los Angeles California
- Physics and Biology in Medicine Program University of California Los Angeles Los Angeles California
- Department of Bioengineering University of California Los Angeles Los Angeles California
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46
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Song JA, Lee YS, Choi YU, Choi CY. Effects of light-emitting diodes on thermally-induced oxidative stress in the bay scallop Argopecten irradians. Molluscan Research 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/13235818.2020.1712040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jin Ah Song
- Division of Marine BioScience, Korea Maritime and Ocean University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Seok Lee
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Ung Choi
- Marine Ecosystem and Biological Research Center, KIOST, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol Young Choi
- Division of Marine BioScience, Korea Maritime and Ocean University, Busan, Republic of Korea
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47
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Al-Memar M, Bobdiwala S, Fourie H, Mannino R, Lee YS, Smith A, Marchesi JR, Timmerman D, Bourne T, Bennett PR, MacIntyre DA. The association between vaginal bacterial composition and miscarriage: a nested case-control study. BJOG 2019; 127:264-274. [PMID: 31573753 PMCID: PMC6972675 DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.15972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Objective To characterise vaginal bacterial composition in early pregnancy and investigate its relationship with first and second trimester miscarriages. Design Nested case–control study. Setting Queen Charlotte’s and Chelsea Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London. Population 161 pregnancies: 64 resulting in first trimester miscarriage, 14 in second trimester miscarriage and 83 term pregnancies. Methods Prospective profiling and comparison of vaginal bacteria composition using 16S rRNA gene‐based metataxonomics from 5 weeks’ gestation in pregnancies ending in miscarriage or uncomplicated term deliveries matched for age, gestation and body mass index. Main outcome measures Relative vaginal bacteria abundance, diversity and richness. Pregnancy outcomes defined as first or second trimester miscarriage, or uncomplicated term delivery. Results First trimester miscarriage associated with reduced prevalence of Lactobacillus spp.‐dominated vaginal microbiota classified using hierarchical clustering analysis (65.6 versus 87.7%; P = 0.005), higher alpha diversity (mean Inverse Simpson Index 2.5 [95% confidence interval 1.8–3.0] versus 1.5 [1.3–1.7], P = 0.003) and higher richness 25.1 (18.5–31.7) versus 16.7 (13.4–20), P = 0.017), compared with viable pregnancies. This was independent of vaginal bleeding and observable before first trimester miscarriage diagnosis (P = 0.015). Incomplete/complete miscarriage associated with higher proportions of Lactobacillus spp.‐depleted communities compared with missed miscarriage. Early pregnancy vaginal bacterial stability was similar between miscarriage and term pregnancies. Conclusions These findings associate the bacterial component of vaginal microbiota with first trimester miscarriage and indicate suboptimal community composition is established in early pregnancy. While further studies are required to elucidate the mechanism, vaginal bacterial composition may represent a modifiable risk factor for first trimester miscarriage. Tweetable abstract Vaginal bacterial composition in first trimester miscarriage is associated with reduced Lactobacillus spp. abundance and is independent of vaginal bleeding. Vaginal bacterial composition in first trimester miscarriage is associated with reduced Lactobacillus spp. abundance and is independent of vaginal bleeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Al-Memar
- Tommy's National Centre for Miscarriage Research, Imperial College London, London, UK.,Imperial College Parturition Research Group, Division of the Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - S Bobdiwala
- Tommy's National Centre for Miscarriage Research, Imperial College London, London, UK.,Imperial College Parturition Research Group, Division of the Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - H Fourie
- Tommy's National Centre for Miscarriage Research, Imperial College London, London, UK.,Imperial College Parturition Research Group, Division of the Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Imperial College London, London, UK.,Queen Charlotte's Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - R Mannino
- Tommy's National Centre for Miscarriage Research, Imperial College London, London, UK.,Imperial College Parturition Research Group, Division of the Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Y S Lee
- Tommy's National Centre for Miscarriage Research, Imperial College London, London, UK.,Imperial College Parturition Research Group, Division of the Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Imperial College London, London, UK.,Queen Charlotte's Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK.,March of Dimes European Preterm Birth Research Centre, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - A Smith
- School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - J R Marchesi
- March of Dimes European Preterm Birth Research Centre, Imperial College London, London, UK.,Division of Integrative Systems Medicine and Digestive Disease, Imperial College London, London, UK.,School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - D Timmerman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Hospitals Leuven, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - T Bourne
- Tommy's National Centre for Miscarriage Research, Imperial College London, London, UK.,Imperial College Parturition Research Group, Division of the Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Imperial College London, London, UK.,Queen Charlotte's Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Hospitals Leuven, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - P R Bennett
- Tommy's National Centre for Miscarriage Research, Imperial College London, London, UK.,Imperial College Parturition Research Group, Division of the Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Imperial College London, London, UK.,Queen Charlotte's Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK.,March of Dimes European Preterm Birth Research Centre, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - D A MacIntyre
- Tommy's National Centre for Miscarriage Research, Imperial College London, London, UK.,Imperial College Parturition Research Group, Division of the Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Imperial College London, London, UK.,Queen Charlotte's Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK.,March of Dimes European Preterm Birth Research Centre, Imperial College London, London, UK
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Loy SL, Cheung YB, Chong M, Müller-Riemenschneider F, Lek N, Lee YS, Tan KH, Chern B, Yap F, Chan J. Maternal night-eating pattern and glucose tolerance during pregnancy: study protocol for a longitudinal study. BMJ Open 2019; 9:e030036. [PMID: 31601588 PMCID: PMC6797284 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-030036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Coordinating eating schedules with day-night cycles has been shown to improve glucose regulation in adults, but its association with gestational glycaemia is less clear. A better understanding on how eating time can influence glucose levels in pregnancy may improve strategies for gestational glycaemic control. This study aims to examine the association of maternal night-eating pattern with glucose tolerance in the second trimester of pregnancy, and to investigate how lifestyle factors may be related to night-eating pattern. METHODS AND ANALYSIS This is an observational longitudinal study that targets to recruit 200 pregnant women at 18-24 weeks' gestation from the KK Women's and Children's Hospital in Singapore. Data collection includes sociodemographics, lifestyle habits and obstetric information. Maternal dietary intake is collected using the 4-day food diary and food frequency questionnaire; while 24-hour physical activity, sedentary behaviour, sleep and light exposure are captured using the accelerometer at 18-24 weeks' gestation. Continuous glucose monitoring at 18-24 weeks' gestation, oral glucose tolerance test and insulin test at 24-28 weeks' gestation are performed to assess glycaemic outcomes. Multivariable generalised linear models will be used to analyse the association of maternal night-eating pattern (consumption of meal and snack during 1900-0659 hours) with glycaemic measures, and the associated factors of night-eating pattern, controlling for potential confounders. Recruitment began in March 2019 and is estimated to end in November 2020. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethical approval has been granted by the Centralised Institutional Review Board of SingHealth, Singapore (reference 2018/2529). The results will be presented at conferences and disseminated in journal articles. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT03803345.
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Affiliation(s)
- See Ling Loy
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
- Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore, Singapore
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yin Bun Cheung
- Programme in Health Services & Systems Research and Center for Quantitative Medicine, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Center for Child Health Research, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Mary Chong
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Falk Müller-Riemenschneider
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Institute of Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Charité University Medical Centre Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ngee Lek
- Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Paediatrics, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Y S Lee
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Division of Paediatric Endocrinology, Khoo Teck Puat-National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kok Hian Tan
- Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Maternal Fetal Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Bernard Chern
- Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Fabian Yap
- Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Paediatrics, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jerry Chan
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
- Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore, Singapore
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49
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Bae S, Lee KW, Jeong HC, Park BH, Bae WJ, Lee YS, Han CH, Kang SH, Kim SW. Effects of low-frequency intravaginal electrical stimulation on female urinary incontinence, quality of life, and urinary symptoms: A pilot study. Low Urin Tract Symptoms 2019; 12:25-32. [PMID: 31595693 DOI: 10.1111/luts.12278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of a low-frequency home-based incontinence therapy device on quality of life (QoL) and urinary symptoms in women with urinary incontinence. From May 2017 to February 2018, 34 patients, aged ≥ 20 years, with involuntary urine leakage >2 times/week, were recruited to this study. Patients with severe pelvic organ prolapse, pregnancy, virgin status, and psychological problems were excluded. The incontinence home-care device treatments were administered in 12-minute sessions, twice daily for 8 weeks. Simultaneously, hyperthermic conditions of 35°C to 40°C and microvibrations were administered. All patients completed urinary incontinence questionnaires (King's Health Questionnaire [KHQ], Bristol Female Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms [BFLUTS] questionnaire, and the Overactive Bladder Symptom Score [OABSS]) before treatment, as well as 4 and 8 weeks into treatment. Changes in the questionnaire responses over time were compared. Two participants dropped out of the study and there was one screening failure, leaving 31 patients for analysis. After 4 weeks treatment, there were significant improvements in symptoms, such as role limitation, physical limitation, social limitation, personal relationship, emotion, sleep/energy, and severity measures. After 8 weeks treatment, almost all parameters on the KHQ revealed symptomatic improvement. On the BFLUTS, voiding times during activity, nocturia, urgency, urge incontinence, incontinence frequency, stress incontinence, volume leakage, strain to start, intermittency, reduced stream, acute retention, incomplete emptying, and stopping flow showed significant improvements. On the OABSS, almost all storage symptoms improved. Low-frequency electrical stimulation devices were effective at improving urinary incontinence, which became evident as the duration of treatment increased. Improvement of urgency and frequency was more evident after treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangrak Bae
- Department of Urology, Uijeongbu St.Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu Won Lee
- Department of Urology, Seoul St.Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Cheol Jeong
- Department of Urology, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Bong Hee Park
- Department of Urology, Uijeongbu St.Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Woong Jin Bae
- Department of Urology, Seoul St.Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Seok Lee
- Department of Urology, Uijeongbu St.Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Hee Han
- Department of Urology, Uijeongbu St.Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Hak Kang
- Department of Urology, Uijeongbu St.Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sae Woong Kim
- Department of Urology, Seoul St.Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Guk HS, Lee S, Jeong HB, Ju W, Choi JS, Lee YS. Recurrent Embolic Stroke Associated with Long-Latency Relapsing Cardiac Myxoma. J Clin Neurol 2019; 15:591-593. [PMID: 31591856 PMCID: PMC6785467 DOI: 10.3988/jcn.2019.15.4.591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Revised: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hyung Seok Guk
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Boramae Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seonkyung Lee
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Boramae Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hae Bong Jeong
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Boramae Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Woohee Ju
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Boramae Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Sung Choi
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul National University Boramae Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yong Seok Lee
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Boramae Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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