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Mabrouk SM, Inc M, Rashed AS, Akgül A. Similarity analysis of bioconvection of unsteady nonhomogeneous hybrid nanofluids influenced by motile microorganisms. J Biol Phys 2024; 50:119-148. [PMID: 38261235 PMCID: PMC10864241 DOI: 10.1007/s10867-023-09651-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Motile bacteria in hybrid nanofluids cause bioconvection. Bacillus cereus, Pseudomonas viscosa, Bacillus brevis, Salmonella typhimurium, and Pseudomonas fluorescens were used to evaluate their effect and dispersion in the hybrid nanofluid. Using similarity analysis, a two-phase model for mixed bioconvection magnetohydrodynamic flow was developed using hybrid nanoparticles of Al2O3 and Cu (Cu-Al2O3/water). The parametric investigation, covering the magnetic parameter, permeability coefficient, nanoparticle shape factor, temperature ratio, radiation parameter, nanoparticle fraction ratio, Brownian parameter, thermophoresis parameter, motile bacteria diffusivity, chemotaxis parameter, and Nusselt, Reynold, Prandtl, Sherwood numbers, as well as the number of motile microorganisms', showed significant outcomes. Velocity and shear stresses are sensitive to M, Pr, and [Formula: see text]. Magnetic, radiation, and chemotaxis factors impact bacterial density. The hybrid nanofluid velocity decreases when the magnetic parameter, M, Prandtl number Pr increases, while it increases with the increasing of porosity coefficient, [Formula: see text], and the hybrid nanoparticle ratio Nf. The temperature distribution decreases with the increasing of Prandtl number and Nf. Increasing temperature differential and bacterium diffusivity increases bacterial aggregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samah Mohamed Mabrouk
- Department of Physics and Engineering Mathematics, Faculty of Engineering, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Mustafa Inc
- Department of Mathematics, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey.
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Ahmed Saad Rashed
- Department of Physics and Engineering Mathematics, Faculty of Engineering, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
- Faculty of Engineering, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasa, Egypt
| | - Ali Akgül
- Department of Mathematics, Art and Science Faculty, Siirt University, 56100, Siirt, Turkey.
- Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Saveetha School of Engineering, SIMATS, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India.
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2
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Mohammed NK, Ahmad NH, Muhialdin BJ, Meor Hussin AS. Modulating of microencapsulated virgin coconut oil-based creamer. J Food Sci Technol 2024; 61:528-538. [PMID: 38327854 PMCID: PMC10844180 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-023-05860-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
This work aims to produce a virgin coconut oil (VCO) creamer through two drying stages; spray drying followed by fluidised bed drying, and to examine its antioxidant properties and oxidative stability during different storage conditions. Evaluation of the physicochemical properties of spray dry VCO and oxidative stability of the VCO creamer were performed using peroxide value (PV), antioxidant activity (DPPH), and total phenolic content (TPC) at 25, 4, and 25 °C, respectively, for 8 weeks. Agglomeration process has improved the agglomerated VCO creamer's properties in terms of moisture content (4.34%), solubility (85.2%), water activity (0.32%), and bulk density (0.36 g/cm3). The morphology of agglomerated VCO creamer showed cluster and irregular shapes with enlargement in the particle size, (d32) 395 µm and (d43) 426 µm. The overall oxidative results showed stability for the agglomerated VCO creamer stored at 4 °C in terms of TPC, DPPH and PV over 8 weeks followed by creamer stored at 25 °C which had similar stability with slight differences. The creamer stored at 38 °C showed rapid degradation for all oxidation tests from week 2 onwards. Agglomeration technology has indicated to be effective in the stabilization of virgin coconut oil against lipid oxidation and prolonging its shelf-life. Graphical abstract
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nurul Hawa Ahmad
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang,, Selangor Malaysia
- Halal Products Research Institute, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Belal J. Muhialdin
- Nutrition and Food Science Department, California State Polytechnic University, Pomona, CA 91768 USA
| | - Anis Shobirin Meor Hussin
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang,, Selangor Malaysia
- Halal Products Research Institute, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Malaysia
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3
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Xu C, Ning Y, Wang C, Yang S, Yang Z, Li Y. Effect of cations on monochlorobenzene adsorption onto bentonite at the coexistence of Tween 80. J Hazard Mater 2024; 469:133883. [PMID: 38412648 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.133883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
The effect of several prevalent cations (including Na+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+, Al3+, and Fe3+) on the adsorption of monochlorobenzene (MCB) onto bentonite was investigated at the coexistence of nonionic surfactant Tween 80 (T80) in surfactant-enhanced remediation (SER). They are all favorable for MCB and T80 adsorption, especially Mg2+ and Ca2+. Adsorption of MCB is strongly depended on T80 micelles. When its concentration exceeds the solubility, MCB is easier to bind with T80 micelles and be adsorbed by bentonite. Acidic environment can facilitate MCB and T80 adsorption, but the effect of cations on the adsorption is most significant under alkaline conditions. Adsorption capacity of MCB increases first followed by a slight decrease with increasing cations concentrations. The maximum adsorption rate of MCB determined is about 68.4% in a solution containing Mg2+ in the isothermal adsorption of MCB, while it is only 6.8% in a cation-free solution. Various characterizations showed that cations mainly changed the repulsion between bentonite particles and T80 micelles and the agglomeration and structure of bentonite, thus affecting the adsorption of MCB and T80 micelles. Our research demonstrated the nonnegligible promotion of MCB adsorption on bentonite by cations and acidic environment, which will adversely affect SER efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changzhong Xu
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Yu Ning
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China.
| | - Changxiang Wang
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Sen Yang
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Zhe Yang
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Yilian Li
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
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4
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Liu P, Zhang X, Liu G, Hao Lim S, Pun Wan M, Lisak G, Feng Ng B. Ultrasonic aerosol agglomeration: Manipulation of particle deposition and its impact on air filter pressure drop. Ultrason Sonochem 2024; 103:106774. [PMID: 38262174 PMCID: PMC10832610 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2024.106774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Acoustic agglomeration is a technique that leverages on sound waves to promote the collision of aerosol particulate matter, thus leading to the formation of larger particle agglomerates. In this study, this acoustics-driven phenomenon is demonstrated for its usefulness as an aerosol pre-conditioning method to significantly enhance the efficiency of filtration systems in particle treatment processes. Specifically, favorable changes in pressure drop across the filters are observed as a result of receiving less particle mass, for which filters are shown to be able to have their operational life extended remarkably by more than 50%. The involved ultrasonic aerosol agglomeration mechanisms are unveiled through numerical simulations, and the effects of residence time, sound pressure level, and initial particle number concentration on agglomeration performances are experimentally investigated. In addition, validations and measurements of filter pressure drop are obtained through a series of experiments. This study provides a comprehensive overview to the design and performance characterization of acoustics-agglomeration-enhanced filtration systems, which could potentially derive energy savings for fan power in ventilation systems and be scaled up for applications in industrial plants for reducing carbon emissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengzhan Liu
- Energy Research Institute @ NTU, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639141, Singapore; School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Xin Zhang
- Energy Research Institute @ NTU, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639141, Singapore
| | - Guicai Liu
- Residues and Resource Reclamation Centre, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637141, Singapore
| | - Shi Hao Lim
- Energy Research Institute @ NTU, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639141, Singapore
| | - Man Pun Wan
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Grzegorz Lisak
- Residues and Resource Reclamation Centre, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637141, Singapore; School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Bing Feng Ng
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
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5
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Chen B, Shen Y, Zhang X, Ji B. Influence mechanism of sludge bed position on microalgal-bacterial granular sludge process. Sci Total Environ 2024; 907:168118. [PMID: 37884157 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Sludge bed position in the reactor is one of the key parameters for microalgal-bacterial granular sludge (MBGS) process, which lacks of study. To fill this gap, this study investigated the influence of sludge bed position on MBGS. The sludge bed located closer to the bottom of the bioreactor demonstrated the optimal pollutant removal performance due to a close synergistic effect between microalgae and bacteria, resulting in the high growth rate as well as agglomeration rate of MBGS. Specifically, organics and ammonia removals were closely related to the sludge bed position. For the bottom bed position, the removals of organic matter, ammonia, and phosphate were 75.1 %, 73.1 %, and 82.5 %, whereas for the top bed position, they were only 13.2 %, 9.6 %, and 68.9 %, respectively. Additionally, a significant correlation between the position of the sludge bed and the relative abundance of Rotifera (R2 = 0.931) and Chlorophyta (R2 = 0.733) was observed, while the microbial communities at the lower sludge bed positions underwent rapider succession. It can be inferred that that a sludge bed located closer to the bottom of the bioreactor ensures that the light source and substrate matrix are transmitted in the same direction, thereby resulting in a close synergistic effect between microalgae and bacteria for achieving the excellent performance of MBGS. These results can provide basis knowledge for engineering application of MBGS process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingheng Chen
- Department of Water and Wastewater Engineering, School of Urban Construction, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Yao Shen
- Department of Water and Wastewater Engineering, School of Urban Construction, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Zhang
- Engineering Laboratory of Low-Carbon Unconventional Water Resources Utilization and Water Quality Assurance, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Bin Ji
- Department of Water and Wastewater Engineering, School of Urban Construction, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Urban Regeneration, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China.
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6
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Daramy K, Punnabhum P, Hussain M, Minelli C, Pei Y, Rattray NJW, Perrie Y, Rattray Z. Nanoparticle Isolation from Biological Media for Protein Corona Analysis: The Impact of Incubation and Recovery Protocols on Nanoparticle Properties. J Pharm Sci 2023:S0022-3549(23)00565-8. [PMID: 38163549 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2023.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Nanoparticles are increasingly implemented in biomedical applications, including the diagnosis and treatment of disease. When exposed to complex biological media, nanoparticles spontaneously interact with their surrounding environment, leading to the surface-adsorption of small and bio- macromolecules- termed the "corona". Corona composition is governed by nanoparticle properties and incubation parameters. While the focus of most studies is on the protein signature of the nanoparticle corona, the impact of experimental protocols on nanoparticle size in the presence of complex biological media, and the impact of nanoparticle recovery from biological media has not yet been reported. Here using a non-degradable robust model, we show how centrifugation-resuspension protocols used for the isolation of nanoparticles from incubation media, incubation duration and shear flow conditions alter nanoparticle parameters including particle size, zeta potential and total protein content. Our results show significant changes in nanoparticle size following exposure to media containing protein under different flow conditions, which also altered the composition of surface-adsorbed proteins profiled by SDS-PAGE. Our in situ analysis of nanoparticle size in media containing protein using particle tracking analysis highlights that centrifugation-resuspension is disruptive to agglomerates that are spontaneously formed in protein containing media, highlighting the need for in situ analytical methods that do not alter the intermediates formed following nanoparticle exposure to biological media. Nanomedicines are mostly intended for parenteral administration, and our findings show that parameters such as shear flow can significantly alter nanoparticle physicochemical parameters. Overall, we show that the centrifugation-resuspension isolation of nanoparticles from media significantly alters particle parameters in addition to the overall protein composition of surface-adsorbed proteins. We recommend that nanoparticle characterization pipelines studying bio-nano interactions during early nanomedicine development consider biologically-relevant shear flow conditions and media composition that can significantly alter particle physical parameters and subsequent conclusions from these studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karim Daramy
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - Panida Punnabhum
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - Muattaz Hussain
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - Caterina Minelli
- Chemical and Biological Sciences Department, National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, UK
| | - Yiwen Pei
- Chemical and Biological Sciences Department, National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, UK
| | - Nicholas J W Rattray
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - Yvonne Perrie
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - Zahra Rattray
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK.
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7
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Marcos Valdez MM, Fandiño OE, Faudone SN, Ayala AP, Caira MR, Sperandeo NR. Solid Forms of The New Antitrypanosomal 1-(4-Acetamide-Benzenesulfonyl)-Benzimidazole: Preparation and Physicochemical Characterization. J Pharm Sci 2023; 112:3233-3239. [PMID: 37716530 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2023.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the polymorphism of 1-(4-acetamide-benzenesulfonyl)-benzimidazole (PABZI), a newly developed compound with significant activity against Trypanosoma cruzi, the parasite which causes American trypanosomiasis (Chagas disease). Three different crystalline forms of PABZI [a solvent-free form (form I), three isostructural solvates (from isopropanol; acetonitrile-dichloromethane, and methanol-benzene) and a non-isostructural solvate from methanol] were isolated and characterized. The crystal structure of form I was resolved at 173 K and 300 K by single crystal X-ray diffraction. Physicochemical properties, including solubility, dissolution rate, wettability, and solid-state stability were assessed for the two most viable solid forms of PABZI, viz. form I and the isopropanol solvate (PABZI-isoOH). Form I exhibited a higher solubility and dissolution rate, and superior stability towards moisture (40 °C/75 % relative humidity) and UV-Visible light than PABZI-isoOH. Based on the solid-state stability results, form I was selected over PABZI-isoOH for further preclinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina M Marcos Valdez
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas. Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo en Tecnología Farmacéutica (UNITEFA-CONICET), Haya de la Torre y Medina Allende, (X5000HUA) Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Octavio E Fandiño
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas. Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo en Tecnología Farmacéutica (UNITEFA-CONICET), Haya de la Torre y Medina Allende, (X5000HUA) Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Sonia N Faudone
- Centro de Excelencia en Productos y Procesos de Córdoba, CEPROCOR, Álvarez de Arenales 180, (X5004AAP) Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Alejandro P Ayala
- Department of Physics, Federal University of Ceará, 60.440-900, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Mino R Caira
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, 7701 Rondebosch, South Africa.
| | - Norma R Sperandeo
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas. Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo en Tecnología Farmacéutica (UNITEFA-CONICET), Haya de la Torre y Medina Allende, (X5000HUA) Córdoba, Argentina.
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8
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Danayat S, Nayal AS, Tarannum F, Annam R, Muthaiah R, Arulanandam MK, Garg J. Superior enhancement in thermal conductivity of epoxy/graphene nanocomposites through use of dimethylformamide (DMF) relative to acetone as solvent. MethodsX 2023; 11:102319. [PMID: 37637292 PMCID: PMC10448156 DOI: 10.1016/j.mex.2023.102319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This method article describes the fabrication of graphene-epoxy nanocomposites using two different solvents, dimethylformamide (DMF) and acetone, and validates the resulting thermal conductivity improvements. The study compared the two solvents at a filler composition of 7 wt% and found that DMF resulted in more uniform dispersion of graphene nanoparticles in the epoxy matrix, leading to a 44% improvement in thermal conductivity compared to acetone. Laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM) imaging showed that DMF-based composites had more evenly dispersed graphene nanoplatelets than acetone-based composites, which exhibited larger graphene agglomerations. Effective medium theory calculations showed that DMF led to almost 35% lower interface thermal resistance between graphene and epoxy compared to acetone. The validated fabrication method and findings provide new possibilities for developing high thermal conductivity graphene-epoxy nanocomposites for various thermal management applications.•This article describes methods for fabricating graphene-epoxy composites using acetone and DMF as solvents, and validates that DMF is better for achieving higher thermal conductivity in the composite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swapneel Danayat
- School of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA
| | - Avinash Singh Nayal
- School of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA
| | - Fatema Tarannum
- School of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA
| | - Roshan Annam
- School of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA
| | - Rajmohan Muthaiah
- School of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA
| | - Madhan K. Arulanandam
- School of Electrical, Computer, and Energy Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA
| | - Jivtesh Garg
- School of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA
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Rullander G, Lorenz C, Herbert RB, Strömvall AM, Vollertsen J, Dalahmeh SS. How effective is the retention of microplastics in horizontal flow sand filters treating stormwater? J Environ Manage 2023; 344:118690. [PMID: 37586166 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics accumulate in stormwater and can ultimately enter freshwater recipients, and pose a serious risk to aquatic life. This study investigated the effectiveness of lab-scale horizontal flow sand filters of differing lengths (25, 50 and 100 cm) in retaining four types of thermoplastic microplastics commonly occurring in stormwater runoff (polyamide, polyethylene, polypropylene, and polyethylene terephthalate). Despite the differences in particle shape, size and density, the study revealed that more than 98% of the spiked microplastics were retained in all filters, with a slightly increased removal with increased filter length. At a flow rate of 1 mL/min and after one week of operation, 62-84% of the added microplastics agglomerated in the first 2 cm of the filters. The agglomerated microplastics included 96% of high-density fibers. Larger-sized particles were retained in the sand media, while microplastics smaller than 50 μm were more often detected in the effluent. Microplastics were quantified and identified using imaging based micro Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy. The efficient retention of microplastics in low-flow horizontal sand filters, demonstrated by the results, highlights their potential importance for stormwater management. This retention is facilitated by various factors, including microplastic agglomeration, particle sedimentation of heavy fibers and favorable particle-to-media size ratios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Rullander
- Department of Earth Sciences, Uppsala University, Villavägen 16, SE-752 36, Sweden.
| | - Claudia Lorenz
- Aalborg University, Department of The Built Environment, Thomas Manns Vej 23, 9220, Aalborg Øst, Denmark
| | - Roger B Herbert
- Department of Earth Sciences, Uppsala University, Villavägen 16, SE-752 36, Sweden
| | - Ann-Margret Strömvall
- Water Environment Technology, Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jes Vollertsen
- Aalborg University, Department of The Built Environment, Thomas Manns Vej 23, 9220, Aalborg Øst, Denmark
| | - Sahar S Dalahmeh
- Department of Earth Sciences, Uppsala University, Villavägen 16, SE-752 36, Sweden
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10
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Alnujaie A, Yahya Alshahrani M, Salahaddin Ibrahim W, Yasin Y, Salam Obaid Z, J. Alhani I, Khaddour MH, K. Hadrawi S, Riyahi Y, Ghazwani M. Dynamic analysis of thick plates reinforced with agglomerated GNPs. Heliyon 2023; 9:e18379. [PMID: 37809596 PMCID: PMC10558301 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, the quasi-3D hyperbolic shear deformation theory (quasi-3D HSDT) is utilized to examine the dynamics of thick rectangular plates reinforced with rectangular nanofillers known as graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs). Agglomeration of the GNPs is incorporated and the mechanical characteristics like shear, elastic, and bulk moduli, Poisson's ratio, and density are analysed according to the mixture along with the Eshelby-Mori-Tanaka approach. Hamilton's principle is hired to derive the solving equations, the Navier approach is hired to present an analytical solution in the spatial domain, and the Newmark method is hired to provide an approximate solution in the time domain. The relevance of the dynamic response and the natural frequencies of the plate on several parameters are explored such as dispersion pattern and the GNPs percentage and agglomeration parameters. It is discovered that for a specific GNPs percentage, growth in the amount of agglomerated GNPs leads to lower natural frequencies and higher dynamic deflection. Meanwhile, for a specific mass fraction of the agglomerated GNPs, growth in the volume of clusters brings about higher natural frequencies and lower dynamic deflection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Alnujaie
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Jazan University, P.O.Box 45142, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Yahya Alshahrani
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Yaser Yasin
- College of Medical Technology, Al-Farahidi University, Iraq
| | - Zahraa Salam Obaid
- Building and Construction Engineering Technology Department, AL-Mustaqbal University College, Hillah 51001, Iraq
| | | | | | - Salema K. Hadrawi
- Refrigeration and Air-conditioning Technical Engineering Department, College of Technical Engineering, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq
| | | | - M.H. Ghazwani
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Jazan University, P.O.Box 45142, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Zhang Y, Wu L, Zhang F, Zheng J. Sucrose ester alleviates the agglomeration behavior of bamboo shoot dietary fiber treated via high pressure homogenization: Influence on physicochemical, rheological, and structural properties. Food Chem 2023; 413:135609. [PMID: 36745942 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.135609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
High-pressure homogenization (HPH) is a physical modification method that can rapidly reduce the particle size of bamboo shoot dietary fiber (BSDF), but it can lead to agglomeration. Therefore, the effects of the addition of sucrose ester (SE) to alleviate the agglomeration of BSDF during HPH were investigated. Compared with BSDF without added SE, BSDF obtained the smallest particle size (276.5 nm) and highest ζ-Potential (53.6 mV) when SE was 5 g/L. Water-holding capacity, oil-holding capacity, swelling capacity, and b* increased, whereas L* and a* decreased significantly with the addition of SE. The shear stress and viscoelasticity of BSDF solution were minimized when 5 g/L SE was added. SE reduced relative crystallinity and thermal stability of BSDF. SE could effectively alleviate the aggregation of BSDF through the mechanism of electrostatic repulsion. This study highlights an innovative and promising strategy for alleviating the agglomeration behavior of BSDF during HPH treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijia Zhang
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Westa College, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Liangru Wu
- China National Bamboo Research Center, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Fusheng Zhang
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Speciality Food Co-Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jiong Zheng
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Speciality Food Co-Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, Chongqing 400715, China.
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12
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Wolf A, Zink A, Stiegler LMS, Branscheid R, Apeleo Zubiri B, Müssig S, Peukert W, Walter J, Spiecker E, Mandel K. Magnetic in situ determination of surface coordination motifs by utilizing the degree of particle agglomeration. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 648:633-643. [PMID: 37321082 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.05.182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Most analytical techniques used to study the surface chemical properties of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) are barely suitable for in situ investigations in liquids, where SPIONs are mostly applied for hyperthermia therapy, diagnostic biosensing, magnetic particle imaging or water purification. Magnetic particle spectroscopy (MPS) can resolve changes in magnetic interactions of SPIONs within seconds at ambient conditions. Herein, we show that by adding mono- and divalent cations to citric acid capped SPIONs, the degree of agglomeration can be utilized to study the selectivity of cations towards surface coordination motifs via MPS. A favored chelate agent, like ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) for divalent cations, removes cations from coordination sites on the SPION surface and causes redispersion of agglomerates. The magnetic determination thereof represents what we call a "magnetically indicated complexometric titration". The relevance of agglomerate sizes for the MPS signal response is studied on a model system of SPIONs and the surfactant cetrimonium bromide (CTAB). Analytical ultracentrifugation (AUC) and cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM) reveal that large micron-sized agglomerates are required to significantly change the MPS signal response. With this work, a fast and easy-to-use characterization method to determine surface coordination motifs of magnetic nanoparticles in optically dense media is demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Wolf
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Professorship for Inorganic Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany; Fraunhofer Institute for Silicate Research ISC, Neunerplatz 2, 97082 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Zink
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Professorship for Inorganic Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Lisa M S Stiegler
- Institute of Particle Technology (LFG), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Cauerstrasse 4, 91058 Erlangen, Germany; Interdisciplinary Center for Functional Particle Systems (FPS), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Haberstrasse 9a, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Robert Branscheid
- Institute of Micro- and Nanostructure Research (IMN) & Center for Nanoanalysis and Electron Microscopy (CENEM), Interdisciplinary Center for Nanostructured Films (IZNF), Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Cauerstraße 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Benjamin Apeleo Zubiri
- Institute of Micro- and Nanostructure Research (IMN) & Center for Nanoanalysis and Electron Microscopy (CENEM), Interdisciplinary Center for Nanostructured Films (IZNF), Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Cauerstraße 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Stephan Müssig
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Professorship for Inorganic Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Peukert
- Institute of Particle Technology (LFG), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Cauerstrasse 4, 91058 Erlangen, Germany; Interdisciplinary Center for Functional Particle Systems (FPS), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Haberstrasse 9a, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Johannes Walter
- Institute of Particle Technology (LFG), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Cauerstrasse 4, 91058 Erlangen, Germany; Interdisciplinary Center for Functional Particle Systems (FPS), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Haberstrasse 9a, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Erdmann Spiecker
- Institute of Micro- and Nanostructure Research (IMN) & Center for Nanoanalysis and Electron Microscopy (CENEM), Interdisciplinary Center for Nanostructured Films (IZNF), Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Cauerstraße 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Karl Mandel
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Professorship for Inorganic Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany; Fraunhofer Institute for Silicate Research ISC, Neunerplatz 2, 97082 Wuerzburg, Germany.
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13
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Turrina C, Klassen A, Milani D, Rojas-González DM, Ledinski G, Auer D, Sartori B, Cvirn G, Mela P, Berensmeier S, Schwaminger SP. Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles for their application in the human body: Influence of the surface. Heliyon 2023; 9:e16487. [PMID: 37274707 PMCID: PMC10238907 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Iron oxide nanoparticles (IONs) are of great interest in nanomedicine for imaging, drug delivery, or for hyperthermia treatment. Although many research groups have focused on the synthesis and application of IONs in nanomedicine, little is known about the influence of the surface properties on the particles' behavior in the human body. This study analyzes the impact of surface coatings (dextran, polyvinyl alcohol, polylactide-co-glycolide) on the nanoparticles' cytocompatibility, agglomeration, degradation, and the resulting oxidative stress induced by the particle degradation. All particles, including bare IONs (BIONs), are highly cytocompatible (>70%) and show no significant toxicity towards smooth muscle cells. Small-angle X-ray scattering profiles visualize the aggregation behavior of nanoparticles and yield primary particle sizes of around 20 nm for the investigated nanoparticles. A combined experimental setup of dynamic light scattering and phenanthroline assay was used to analyze the long-term agglomeration and degradation profile of IONs in simulated body fluids, allowing fast screening of multiple candidates. All particles degraded in simulated endosomal and lysosomal fluid, confirming the pH-dependent dissolution. The degradation rate decreased with the shrinking size of particles leading to a plateau. The fastest Fe2+ release could be measured for the polyvinyl-coated IONs. The analytical setup is ideal for a quick preclinical study of IONs, giving often neglected yet crucial information about the behavior and toxicity of nanoparticles in the human body. Moreover, this study allows for the development and evaluation of novel ferroptosis-inducing agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Turrina
- Chair of Bioseparation Engineering, TUM School of Engineering and Design, Technical University of Munich, Germany
| | - Anna Klassen
- Chair of Bioseparation Engineering, TUM School of Engineering and Design, Technical University of Munich, Germany
| | - Davide Milani
- Chair of Bioseparation Engineering, TUM School of Engineering and Design, Technical University of Munich, Germany
| | - Diana M. Rojas-González
- Chair of Medical Materials and Implants, TUM School of Engineering and Design, Munich Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Germany
| | - Gerhard Ledinski
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Austria
| | - Doris Auer
- Division of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Austria
| | - Barbara Sartori
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9/IV, Graz, 8010, Austria
| | - Gerhard Cvirn
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Austria
| | - Petra Mela
- Chair of Medical Materials and Implants, TUM School of Engineering and Design, Munich Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Germany
| | - Sonja Berensmeier
- Chair of Bioseparation Engineering, TUM School of Engineering and Design, Technical University of Munich, Germany
| | - Sebastian P. Schwaminger
- Chair of Bioseparation Engineering, TUM School of Engineering and Design, Technical University of Munich, Germany
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed-Graz, Austria
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14
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Huang X, Wei Y, Sun H, Huang J, Chen Y, Cheng J. Assessment of equity and efficiency of magnetic resonance imaging services in Henan Province, China. Cost Eff Resour Alloc 2023; 21:32. [PMID: 37221536 DOI: 10.1186/s12962-023-00440-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND By evaluating equity and effectiveness, this study provides evidence-based knowledge for scientific decision-making and the optimization of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) configuration and utilization at the provincial level. METHODS Using data from 2017, we applied a Gini coefficient to analyze the equity of MRI services in 11 sample cities in Henan province. An agglomeration degree was then applied to measure equity from the perspective of population and geography, and a data envelopment analysis was used to evaluate MRI efficiency. RESULTS The overall Gini coefficient of MRI allocation by population in the 11 sample cities is 0.117; however, equity varies considerably among the sample cities. The sample's comprehensive efficiency is only 0.732, indicating the overall ineffectiveness of provincial MRI utilization. The pure technical and scale efficiencies of four sample cities are below 1, indicating lower MRI effectiveness than the rest. CONCLUSIONS Although the overall equity of configuration at the provincial level is relatively good, equity varies at the municipal level. Our results demonstrate a low MRI utilization efficiency; accordingly, policymakers should dynamically adjust the policy based on equity and efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Huang
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
| | - Yan Wei
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
| | - Hui Sun
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
| | - Jiaqi Huang
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingyao Chen
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China.
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- WHO Collaborating Center for HTA and Management, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jingliang Cheng
- Department of magnetic resonance, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
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15
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Bhatt S, Punetha VD, Pathak R, Punetha M. Graphene in nanomedicine: A review on nano-bio factors and antibacterial activity. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2023; 226:113323. [PMID: 37116377 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2023.113323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
Graphene-based nanomaterials possess potent antibacterial activity and have engrossed immense interest among researchers as an active armour against pathogenic microbes. A comprehensive perception of the antibacterial activity of these nanomaterials is critical to the fabrication of highly effective antimicrobial nanomaterials, which results in highly efficient and enhanced activity. These materials owing to their antimicrobial activity are utilized as nanomedicine against various pathogenic microbes. The present article reviews the antimicrobial activity of graphene and its analogs such as graphene oxide, reduced graphene oxide as well as metal, metal oxide and polymeric composites. The review draws emphasis on the effect of various nano-bio factors on the antibacterial capability. It also provides an insight into the antibacterial properties of these materials along with a brief discussion on the discrepancies in their activities as evidenced by the scientific communities. In this way, the review is expected to shed light on future research and development in graphene-based nanomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shalini Bhatt
- 2D Materials and LASER Actuation Laboratory, Centre of Excellence for Research, P P Savani University, NH-8, Surat, Gujarat 394125, India.
| | - Vinay Deep Punetha
- 2D Materials and LASER Actuation Laboratory, Centre of Excellence for Research, P P Savani University, NH-8, Surat, Gujarat 394125, India
| | - Rakshit Pathak
- 2D Materials and LASER Actuation Laboratory, Centre of Excellence for Research, P P Savani University, NH-8, Surat, Gujarat 394125, India
| | - Mayank Punetha
- 2D Materials and LASER Actuation Laboratory, Centre of Excellence for Research, P P Savani University, NH-8, Surat, Gujarat 394125, India
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16
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Kim SS, Castillo C, Cheikhali M, Darweesh H, Kossor C, Davé RN. Enhanced blend uniformity and flowability of low drug loaded fine API blends via dry coating: The effect of mixing time and excipient size. Int J Pharm 2023; 635:122722. [PMID: 36796658 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.122722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Although previous research demonstrated improved flowability, packing, fluidization, etc. of individual powders via nanoparticle dry coating, none considered its impact on very low drug loaded blends. Here, fine ibuprofen at 1, 3, and 5 wt% drug loadings (DL) was used in multi-component blends to examine the impact of the excipients size, dry coating with hydrophilic or hydrophobic silica, and mixing times on the blend uniformity, flowability and drug release rates. For uncoated active pharmaceutical ingredients (API), the blend uniformity (BU) was poor for all blends regardless of the excipient size and mixing time. In contrast, for dry coated API having low agglomerate ratio (AR), BU was dramatically improved, more so for the fine excipient blends, at lesser mixing times. For dry coated API, the fine excipient blends mixed for 30 min had enhanced flowability and lower AR; better for the lowest DL having lesser silica, likely due to mixing induced synergy of silica redistribution. For the fine excipient tablets, dry coating led to fast API release rates even with hydrophobic silica coating. Remarkably, the low AR of the dry coated API even at very low DL and amounts of silica in the blend led to the enhanced blend uniformity, flow, and API release rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangah S Kim
- New Jersey Center for Engineered Particulates, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
| | - Chelsea Castillo
- New Jersey Center for Engineered Particulates, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
| | - Mirna Cheikhali
- New Jersey Center for Engineered Particulates, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
| | - Hadeel Darweesh
- New Jersey Center for Engineered Particulates, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
| | - Christopher Kossor
- New Jersey Center for Engineered Particulates, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
| | - Rajesh N Davé
- New Jersey Center for Engineered Particulates, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA.
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17
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Deiringer N, Friess W. Afraid of the wall of death? Considerations on monoclonal antibody characteristics that trigger aggregation during peristaltic pumping. Int J Pharm 2023; 633:122635. [PMID: 36690131 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.122635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Protein aggregation is of major concern in manufacturing of biopharmaceutics. Protein aggregation upon peristaltic pumping for filtration, transfer or filling is triggered by protein adsorption to the tubing surface and subsequent film rupture during roller movement. While the impact of tubing type and formulation has been studied in more detail, the contribution of the protein characteristics is not fully resolved. We studied the aggregation propensity of six monoclonal antibodies during peristaltic pumping and characterized their colloidal and conformational stability, hydrophobicity, and surface activity. A high affinity to the surface resulting in faster adsorption and film renewal was key for the formation of protein particles ≥ 1 µm. Film formation and renewal were influenced by the antibody hydrophobicity, potential for electrostatic self-interaction and conformational stability. The initial interfacial pressure increase within the first minute can serve as a good predictor for antibody adsorption and particle formation propensity. Our results highlight the complexity of protein adsorption and emphasize the importance of formulation development to reduce protein particle formation by avoidance of adsorption to interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Deiringer
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Friess
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany.
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18
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Dsane VF, Jeon H, Choi Y, Jeong S, Choi Y. Characterization of magnetite assisted anammox granules based on in-depth analysis of extracellular polymeric substance (EPS). Bioresour Technol 2023; 369:128372. [PMID: 36423769 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.128372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Magnetite can be considered as an iron-rich carrier particles that can be ionized into Fe2+ and Fe3+ which improves the activity and aggregation of anammox bacteria. Three samples from this carrier assisted granulation reactor with size groups including Flocs, FL (0-300 µm), Small Granules, SG (300-500 µm) and Large Granules, LG (500-1000 µm) were used in this study. It was observed that as the granule size increased, the iron-rich carrier content increased, and their active crystals improved the microbial cell density. Specific anammox activity (SAA) was 34.63 ± 5.02, 55.29 ± 5.14, and 63.81 ± 7.50 mg-N/g-VSS/d for FL, SG and LG, respectively. In addition, in heme c content of LG was 31.5 % higher than SG and 62.9 % higher than FL. An in-depth study into the extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) showed that the secretion intensity of essential proteins followed the order of FL < SG < LG in loosely bound EPS and FL > SG > LG in tightly bound EPS. Functional group analysis confirmed that the hydrophobic CN and NH stretching vibration band had almost 3.5 times higher transmittance intensity in LG than the other sizes and the corresponding ratio of α-helix/(β sheet + random coil) in secondary derivative proteins analysis showed tightness in the protein structures of FL. The relative abundance of Brocadia Sinica increased from 0 % in FL to a high of 20.46 % in LG. This study aims to communicate the essence of in-depth EPS analysis beyond the usual EPS yield and major contents of proteins (PN) and polysaccharides (PS) analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Haejun Jeon
- Department of Environmental & IT Convergence Engineering, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Yuri Choi
- Department of Environmental & IT Convergence Engineering, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Sohee Jeong
- Department of Environmental & IT Convergence Engineering, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Younggyun Choi
- Department of Environmental & IT Convergence Engineering, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea.
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19
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Lin K, Zhao Y, Kuo JH, Lin CL. Agglomeration-influenced transformation of heavy metals in gas-solid phases during simulated sewage sludge co-incineration: Effects of phosphorus and operating temperature. Sci Total Environ 2023; 858:159759. [PMID: 36349628 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus and operating temperature not only affect the agglomeration behavior but also the transformation and migration of heavy metals. Accordingly, this study examined the effect of temperature and phosphorus in a fluidized bed combustion process to understand the emission and distribution of heavy metals by both experimental and thermodynamic calculations. The experimental results indicated that the sodium-phosphate reactions occur before the sodium-silicate reaction in the solid phase when the ratio of P/Na was 1/2. A low-melting-point sodium phosphate component, such as NaPO3, leads to easier particle agglomeration than Na2O-SiO2. In terms of the emissions of heavy metals, Pb and Cd show a similar trend: both the amount of emission smaller than that without adding phosphorus and the amount of emission share an upward trend with the operating time increased during MSS fluidized bed combustion. However, with the presence of phosphorus, the emission of Cr shows slightly decreased, and then sharply dropped, after that, increasing with operating time increased. Generally speaking, the maximum amount of Pb and Cd emitted was at 900 °C, followed by 800 °C and 700 °C. The higher temperature would promote the volatilization of Pb and Cd to emit. On the other hand, Cr emitted at the beginning tended to increase but later decreases when the temperatures were 700 and 900 °C, which may be due to the emission of Cr being influenced by the different affinities of both Al and Cr, reacting with Na in a fluidized bed incinerator. As for the distribution of heavy metals in the solid phase, a higher concentration of heavy metals was found in both the coarsest and finest particles during the process of agglomeration/defluidization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunsen Lin
- The State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Youcai Zhao
- The State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Jia-Hong Kuo
- Department of Safety, Health and Environmental Engineering, National United University, 36063 Miaoli, Taiwan.
| | - Chiou-Liang Lin
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Kaohsiung, 81148 Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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20
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Jang ES, Ryu DY, Kim D. Hydrothermal carbonization improves the quality of biochar derived from livestock manure by removing inorganic matter. Chemosphere 2022; 305:135391. [PMID: 35732205 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The application of hydrothermal carbonization to improve biomass-derived energy sources is crucial because of insufficient supplies of fossil fuels and concerns associated with the impact of fossil fuels on the environment. Hydrothermal carbonization technology has been developed to circumvent the energy-intensive drying step required for the thermal conversion of high-moisture organic feedstocks into fuel. In this study, the quality of livestock manure was upgraded, and its energy density was increased through hydrothermal carbonization at various temperatures. The evolution of waste biomass under hydrothermal carbonization was chemically analyzed. The increased carbon content of the resulting biochar upgraded its fuel properties, leading to energy savings in the treatment process. After hydrothermal carbonization, the H/C and O/C ratios were lower owing to chemical conversion. The optimal temperature for hydrothermal carbonization was approximately 220 °C. The inorganic content resulted in a lowered degree of agglomeration and reduced the likelihood of fouling during combustion. The thermogravimatric analysis also provided the changing combustion characteristics due to the increased fixed carbon content. Fourier transform infrared spectra revealed that hydrothermal carbonization reaction reduced the numbers of C-O and C-H functional groups and increased the number of aromatic C-H functional groups. The equilibrium moisture content decreased rapidly when hydrothermal carbonization was conducted at temperatures higher than 200 °C, and the initial moisture content was reduced by 75% after hydrothermal carbonization at 300 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Suk Jang
- Plant Process Development Center, Institute for Advanced Engineering, Gyeonggi, 17180, South Korea
| | - Do-Yoon Ryu
- Department of Environmental and Chemical Convergence Engineering, Daegu University, Gyeongbuk, 38453, South Korea
| | - Daegi Kim
- Department of Environmental and Chemical Convergence Engineering, Daegu University, Gyeongbuk, 38453, South Korea; Department of Environmental Technology Engineering, Daegu University, Gyeongbuk, 38453, South Korea.
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21
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Yang S, Feng D, Lu J, Wang C. The effect of venture capital on green innovation: Is environmental regulation an institutional guarantee? J Environ Manage 2022; 318:115641. [PMID: 35949100 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.115641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Venture capital (VC) may play a role in urban green innovation (GI) by providing long-term financial support. Based on panel data from 150 cities in China, this study analyzes the impact of VC on urban GI and the underlying mechanism. The research conclusions are as follows. VC significantly promotes urban GI, and we find micro-level evidence for this conclusion. The results of a quantile regression show that with an improvement in a city's GI level, the positive effect of VC shows an increasing trend. A mechanism analysis shows that VC promotes urban GI by enhancing urban investment and innovative talent agglomeration and that the accumulation of high-quality human capital brought by VC is the main reason for its positive impact on urban GI. In addition, the influence of VC on urban GI exhibits a threshold effect based on environmental regulations. There is an optimal range of environmental regulation intensity that maximizes the effect of VC on GI. This study confirms the important role of VC in regional GI activities, enriching the research on the innovation effect of VC and providing a theoretical and practical reference for promoting green economic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siying Yang
- Center for China Public Sector Economy Research and School of Economic, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, PR China.
| | - Dawei Feng
- Institute of Industrial Economics, Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics, Nanchang, 330013, PR China.
| | - Jingjing Lu
- Northeast Asian Studies College, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, PR China.
| | - Chuncao Wang
- Institute of Industrial Economics, Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics, Nanchang, 330013, PR China.
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22
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Novotny EH, de Oliveira-Silva R, Mattos BB, Rech I, Galvosas P, Bonagamba TJ. Study of zeolite anti-caking effects for fertilisers by 1H low-field NMR. J Magn Reson 2022; 342:107264. [PMID: 35849974 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2022.107264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Caking is associated with the consolidation of dry powder and granules, leading to losses of function and/or quality. It has been object of studies in the pharmaceutical, food and fertiliser areas since 1920's because of its significant impact on product quality and value. Caking has been described as a three-step event consisting of sorption-dissolution-recrystallisation phases and constitutes a critical factor in fertilisers losses during storage while also hampering fertiliser application. Current methods for the evaluation of water sorption dynamics are expensive, time-consuming and/or inaccurate. This manuscript describes an unprecedented application of low-field 1H NMR relaxometry for the kinetic study of humidity uptake, in real-time, by urea mixed with different concentrations of an anti-caking agent (zeolite). The proposed method allows to follow the water uptake in different domains of the mixed fertiliser/zeolite samples. To our knowledge, this dynamic has not been observed and quantified so far in real-time. Furthermore, we presented the use of 2D-ILT for kinetic studies, being the first dimension the usual transverse relaxation and the second dimension the kinetic one. With this approach, the NMR relaxation times T2 correlated to time constants associated with the uptake kinetics of the water. This method could be extended to several kinetic studies and experiments with temperature variation. Depending on the kinetics of the studied process, the kernel of the Laplace transform must be suitably adapted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Etelvino H Novotny
- Embrapa Soils, Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation - Embrapa, 22460-000 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Rodrigo de Oliveira-Silva
- São Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, PO Box 369, 13560-970 São Carlos, SP, Brazil; Centre for Membrane Separations, Adsorption, Catalysis and Spectroscopy for Sustainable Solutions (cMACS), Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems (M2S), KU Leuven, Leuven 3001, Belgium
| | - Bianca B Mattos
- Embrapa Soils, Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation - Embrapa, 22460-000 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Ioná Rech
- Embrapa Soils, Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation - Embrapa, 22460-000 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Petrik Galvosas
- MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, School Chemical and Physical Sciences, Victoria University Wellington, 6005 Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Tito J Bonagamba
- São Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, PO Box 369, 13560-970 São Carlos, SP, Brazil
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23
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Wu J, Xu S, Huang Y, Zhang X, Liu Y, Wang H, Zhong Y, Bai L, Liu C. Prevents kudzu starch from agglomeration during rapid pasting with hot water by a non-destructive superheated steam treatment. Food Chem 2022; 386:132819. [PMID: 35366635 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Revised: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Superheated steam (SST) at different moisture contents (10% ∼ 30%) was used to prevent the agglomeration of kudzu starch during rapid pasting with hot water. Changes in pasting-related properties and multi-scale structures were investigated. At moisture content of 20%, SST dramatically reduced the agglomeration rate from 42.20% to 2.97% without destroying the microstructure of kudzu starch or deteriorating the rheological properties of kudzu starch paste, which was superior to the conventional pre-gelatinization treatment. The agglomeration was prevented mainly by decreasing the swelling power and increasing the pasting temperature of kudzu starch. The slight disruption of multi-scale structures may facilitate faster water absorption by kudzu starch, but it was not the primary prevention mechanism. Moreover, the solubility of kudzu starch was not related to the agglomeration, since it was significantly decreased by SST. Our findings could provide new insights into the rapid pasting of starchy powders or flours with hot water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianyong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, No. 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Shunqian Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, No. 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Ying Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, No. 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, No. 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Yunfei Liu
- Institute of Applied Chemistry, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, No. 7777 Changdong Avenue, Nanchang 330096, China
| | - Haoqiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, No. 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Yejun Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, No. 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China.
| | - Long Bai
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Based Material Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China.
| | - Chengmei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, No. 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China
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24
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Menzel T, Meides N, Mauel A, Mansfeld U, Kretschmer W, Kuhn M, Herzig EM, Altstädt V, Strohriegl P, Senker J, Ruckdäschel H. Degradation of low-density polyethylene to nanoplastic particles by accelerated weathering. Sci Total Environ 2022; 826:154035. [PMID: 35217061 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
When plastics enter the environment, they are exposed to abiotic and biotic impacts, resulting in degradation and the formation of micro- and nanoplastic. Microplastic is ubiquitous in every environmental compartment. Nevertheless, the underlying degradation processes are not yet fully understood. Here, we studied the abiotic degradation of commonly used semi-crystalline, low-density polyethylene (LDPE) in a long-term accelerated weathering experiment combining several macro- and microscopic methods. Based on our observations, the degradation of LDPE proceeds in three stages. Initially, LDPE objects are prone to abrasion, followed by a period of surface cracking. A large number of secondary particles with a high degree of crystallinity are formed, with sizes down to the nanometer scale. These particles consist of highly polar oligomers leading to agglomeration in the final stage. We therefore suppose that weathered microplastic and nanoplastic particles will attach to colloidal environmental matter. This offers an explanation for the absence of free nanoplastic particles in natural samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Menzel
- Department of Polymer Engineering, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Nora Meides
- Department of Macromolecular Chemistry I, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Anika Mauel
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry III, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Ulrich Mansfeld
- Bavarian Polymer Institute, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Winfried Kretschmer
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry II, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Meike Kuhn
- Dynamics and Structure Formation - Herzig Group, Institute of Physics, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Eva M Herzig
- Dynamics and Structure Formation - Herzig Group, Institute of Physics, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Volker Altstädt
- Department of Polymer Engineering, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Peter Strohriegl
- Department of Macromolecular Chemistry I, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Jürgen Senker
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry III, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany.
| | - Holger Ruckdäschel
- Department of Polymer Engineering, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany.
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25
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Lenzi C, Perucca G. No Place for Poor Men: On the Asymmetric Effect of Urbanization on Life Satisfaction. Soc Indic Res 2022; 164:165-187. [PMID: 35669550 PMCID: PMC9146818 DOI: 10.1007/s11205-022-02946-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The literature on the geography of subjective well-being largely converges in pointing out the occurrence, at least in developed countries, of an urban/rural divide: people living in the most urbanized regions tend to be significantly less satisfied than those living in rural areas. This paper aims at reassessing this statement by taking into consideration an important aspect, frequently overlooked in the literature, i.e. people-based characteristics. Individuals are not alike and may differently experience and appreciate the advantages and disadvantages of urbanisation. Characteristics such as the level of education, the type of occupation and, more generally, the income level can mediate the capacity to reap urbanisation advantages (as the accessibility to advanced services and diversified job markets) and mitigate urbanization disadvantages (such as cost of living and congestion). Additionally, but based on the same reasoning, more educated and affluent individuals (negatively) value distance from top rank centres more than less educated and affluent ones. We test and prove these propositions in a study on the subjective well-being of more than 250,000 individuals living in European cities, defined as NUTS3 regions, in the period 2004-2010. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11205-022-02946-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Lenzi
- Department of Architecture, Built Environment and Construction Engineering - Politecnico Di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Giovanni Perucca
- Department of Architecture, Built Environment and Construction Engineering - Politecnico Di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
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26
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Sungsinchai S, Niamnuy C, Wattanapan P, Charoenchaitrakool M, Devahastin S. Spray drying of non-chemically prepared nanofibrillated cellulose: Improving water redispersibility of the dried product. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 207:434-442. [PMID: 35240219 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.02.153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Despite increasing interest in using nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) as food thickener and emulsifier, poor water redispersibility of dried NFC, which is form suitable for practical utilization, significantly limits such applications. Studies are lacking on preparation of dried NFC with superior redispersibility. The present study therefore proposed and examined strategies to improve water redispersibility of spray dried NFC via the use of selected co-carriers, i.e., gum Arabic with/without xanthan gum, carboxymethyl cellulose or pectin. Synergistic interactions between NFC and co-carriers, as confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra, helped prevent NFC agglomeration during spray drying. All reconstituted spray-dried NFC/co-carriers suspensions exhibited shear-thinning and gel-like behaviors, thus supporting the use of such suspensions as thickener and emulsifier. Spray-dried NFC with 80% gum Arabic and 20% xanthan gum (SD-NFC/GA20XG) resulted in suspension with highest viscosity; the suspension also performed best at recovering viscous characteristics of NFC. Water thickened by SD-NFC/GA20XG had strongest shear-thinning behavior, indicating that SD-NFC/GA20XG suspension resulted in smoothest mouth feel and easiest swallowing. Such observations were supported by XRD patterns of SD-NFC/GA20XG, which suggested that its relative crystallinity was the lowest. Its FTIR spectra also showed the highest intensity of -OH bending and carbonyl bands, which are directly related to water adsorption capability of NFC. Use of reconstituted SD-NFC/GA20XG as emulsifier also resulted in highest stability for oil-in-water (O/W) Pickering emulsion during storage for up to 30 days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirada Sungsinchai
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngam Wong Wan Road, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Chalida Niamnuy
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngam Wong Wan Road, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; Research Network of NANOTEC-KU on NanoCatalysts and NanoMaterials for Sustainable Energy and Environment, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngam Wong Wan Road, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; Center for Advanced Studies in Nanotechnology and Its Applications in Chemical, Food and Agricultural Industries, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngam Wong Wan Road, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand.
| | - Pattra Wattanapan
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, 123 Mittapap Road, Muang, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; Dysphagia Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Manop Charoenchaitrakool
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngam Wong Wan Road, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Sakamon Devahastin
- Advanced Food Processing Research Laboratory, Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, 126 Pracha u-tid Road, Tungkru, Bangkok 10140, Thailand; The Academy of Science, The Royal Society of Thailand, Dusit, Bangkok 10300, Thailand
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27
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Kim J, Bang J, Kim Y, Kim JC, Hwang SW, Yeo H, Choi IG, Kwak HW. Eco-friendly alkaline lignin/cellulose nanofiber drying system for efficient redispersion behavior. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 282:119122. [PMID: 35123761 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Although nanocellulose is an eco-friendly, high-performance raw material provided by nature, the agglomeration of nanocellulose that occurs during the drying process is the biggest obstacle to its advanced materialization and commercialization. In this study, a facile and simple nanocellulose drying system was designed using lignin, which is self-assembled together with cellulose in natural wood, as an eco-friendly additive. The addition of lignin not only minimized aggregation during the drying and dehydration process of nanocellulose but also ensured excellent redispersion kinetics and stability. In addition, the added lignin could be removed through a simple washing process. Through FTIR, XRD, TGA, tensile and swelling tests, it was confirmed that the addition of lignin enabled the reversible restitution of the nanocellulose physicochemical properties to the level of pristine never-dried nanocellulose in drying, redispersion, and polymer processing processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jungkyu Kim
- Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Bioresources, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Junsik Bang
- Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Bioresources, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - YunJin Kim
- Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Bioresources, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Chan Kim
- Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Bioresources, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Wook Hwang
- Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwanmyeong Yeo
- Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Bioresources, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Gyu Choi
- Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Bioresources, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo Won Kwak
- Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Bioresources, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
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28
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Ma Q, Zhang Y, Zhu X, Chen B. Hollow multi-shelled Co 3O 4 as nanoreactors to activate peroxymonosulfate for highly effective degradation of Carbamazepine: A novel strategy to reduce nano-catalyst agglomeration. J Hazard Mater 2022; 427:127890. [PMID: 34863576 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Reducing the agglomeration of nano-catalysts to retain the active catalytic sites is crucial for the advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) of peroxymonosulfate activation in wastewater treatments. Herein, Co3O4 hollow multi-shelled structures (HoMSs) were successfully prepared as the nanoreactors to reduce the agglomeration of nano-catalysts in catalytic reaction. Compared with single-shelled and double-shelled Co3O4 HoMSs, triple-shelled Co3O4 HoMSs (TS-Co3O4) exhibited best catalytic performance and the carbamazepine (5 mg L-1) degradation reached 100% within 30 min. The hollow multi-shelled structures showed a significant role in reducing the agglomeration of catalysts. The value of hydrodynamic diameter/true particle size of TS-Co3O4 was 1.58, which meant TS-Co3O4 could be regarded as a single dispersion or two together in aqueous solution. The shells of TS-Co3O4 supported each other and outer shells could protect the inner ones, hence the stability increased. Besides, the hollow cavity between shells reduced the mass diffusion resistance and increased the contact of reactants with active sites. Mechanism studies showed sulfate radicals (SO4•-) played a leading role in the degradation of carbamazepine. This work provided an effective way to reduce the agglomeration and retain the active sites of cobalt-based catalysts in AOPs, so as to balance the conflict between the reactivity and stability of nano-catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qipu Ma
- Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China.
| | - Yuyao Zhang
- Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China.
| | - Xiaoying Zhu
- Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China.
| | - Baoliang Chen
- Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China.
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Rajaonarivony RK, Rouau X, Fabre C, Mayer-Laigle C. Properties of biomass powders resulting from the fine comminution of lignocellulosic feedstocks by three types of ball-mill set-up. Open Res Eur 2022; 1:125. [PMID: 37645205 PMCID: PMC10445875 DOI: 10.12688/openreseurope.14017.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Background: Lignocellulosic biomass has many functionalities that hold huge potential for material, energy or chemistry applications. To support advanced applications, the biomass must be milled into ultrafine powder to increase reactivity. This milling unit operation needs to be fully mastered to deliver high-quality standard end-products. Here we studied the relationship between the characteristics of the starting lignocellulosic plant material and the properties of the resulting ultrafine powder in different ball-mill process routes. Methods: Two lignocellulosic biomasses (pine bark and wheat straw) with contrasted compositional and mechanical properties were milled using three ball-mill set-ups delivering different balances of impact force and attrition force. The resulting powders were analysed for particle characteristics (size, agglomeration extent, shape) and powder flow properties (compressibility, cohesion) using a dynamic powder rheometer. Results: Pine bark is more amenable to a fast particle size reduction than the fibrous wheat straw. The resulting pine bark powders appear less compressible but much more cohesive than the straw powders due to particle shape, density and composition factors. The mill set-up working by attrition as dominant mechanical force (vibratory ball mill) produced a mix of large, elongated particles and higher amounts of fines as it acts mainly by erosion, the resulting powder being more prone to agglomerate due to the abundance of fines. The mill set-up working by impact as dominant mechanical force (rotary ball mill) produced more evenly distributed particle sizes and shapes. The resulting powder is less prone to agglomerate due to a preferential fragmentation mechanism. Conclusions: The attrition-dominant mill yields powders with dispersed particle sizes and shapes and the poorest flow properties, while the impact-dominant mill yields more agglomeration-prone powders. The mill set-up working with impact and attrition as concomitant mechanical forces (stirred ball mill) produces powders with better reactivity and flow properties compared to rotary and vibratory mills.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xavier Rouau
- IATE, Université de Montpellier, INRAE, Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier, 34060, France
| | - Charlène Fabre
- IATE, Université de Montpellier, INRAE, Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier, 34060, France
| | - Claire Mayer-Laigle
- IATE, Université de Montpellier, INRAE, Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier, 34060, France
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30
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Mackert V, Schroer MA, Winterer M. Unraveling agglomeration and deagglomeration in aqueous colloidal dispersions of very small tin dioxide nanoparticles. J Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 608:2681-93. [PMID: 34838316 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.10.194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS Understanding deagglomeration, agglomerate formation and structure for very small nanoparticles (NPs), due to their more facile agglomeration, is critical for processing or tailoring agglomerates for nanostructured materials. We propose that by controlling and fine-tuning the interplay of agglomeration (colloidal interaction) and deagglomeration (hydrodynamic forces), the design of agglomerate size, microstructure and morphology is possible even for very small NPs. EXPERIMENTS Here, we investigate very small SnO2 NPs (10 nm) generated in the gas phase as model system. Small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and dynamic light scattering (DLS) are used to study dispersions in aqueous media across the entire pH range (2-12) at various NaCl concentrations treated with ultrasound. Parallel to size and size distribution, agglomerate morphology and microstructure are analyzed by means of the mass fractal dimension, dm and modeled with ab initio shape simulations. The critical coagulation concentration (CCC) is determined for the alkaline region where the SnO2 NPs are highly charged. FINDINGS Quantitative analysis of SAXS and DLS data reveals that size and size distribution of the agglomerates depend similarly on the electrostatic interaction influenced by pH and salinity as observed by the zeta potential. In contrast dm is mainly influenced by the salt concentration. Ab initio shape simulations support these experimental findings.
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31
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Sturm MT, Schuhen K, Horn H. Method for rapid biofilm cultivation on microplastics and investigation of its effect on the agglomeration and removal of microplastics using organosilanes. Sci Total Environ 2022; 806:151388. [PMID: 34740650 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Since microplastics were recognized as a global environmental problem in the early 2000s, research began on possible solutions such as the removal of microplastics from waters. A novel and promising approach for this purpose is microplastics agglomeration-fixation using organosilanes. In this study, it is investigated how biofilm coverage of microplastics affects this process. The biofilm was grown on the microplastics by cultivating it for one week in a packed bed column operated with biologically treated municipal wastewater enriched with glucose. The biofilm was characterized using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Fourier-Transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The results show a partial coverage of the microplastics with attached bacteria and extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) after 7 days of incubation. Comparing five polymer types (polyethylene, polypropylene, polyamide, polyester, and polyvinyl chloride) and three organosilanes, the biofilm coverage caused a reduced removal efficiency for all combinations tested as it changes the surface chemistry of the microplastics and therefore the interaction with the organosilanes tested in this study. Treatment of biofilm covered microplastic with ultrasound partly recovers the removal. However, the results underline the importance of simulated environmental exposure when performing experiments for microplastic removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael T Sturm
- Wasser 3.0 gGmbH, Neufeldstr. 17a-19a, 71687 Karlsruhe, Germany; abcr GmbH, Im Schlehert 10, 76187 Karlsruhe, Germany; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engler-Bunte-Institut (EBI), Chair of Water Chemistry and Water Technology, Engler-Bunte-Ring 9a, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Katrin Schuhen
- Wasser 3.0 gGmbH, Neufeldstr. 17a-19a, 71687 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Harald Horn
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engler-Bunte-Institut (EBI), Chair of Water Chemistry and Water Technology, Engler-Bunte-Ring 9a, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany; DVGW Research Laboratories, Water Chemistry and Water Technology, Engler-Bunte-Ring 9a, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.
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32
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Li Q, Prigiobbe V. Measuring and modeling nanoparticle transport by foam in porous media. J Contam Hydrol 2021; 243:103881. [PMID: 34479118 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2021.103881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, an experimental study of nanoparticle transport by foam is presented. Bubbles made of N2-gas were stabilized with either a cationic surfactant (Cetyl Trimethyl Ammonium Bromide, CTAB), silica nanoparticles, or a combination of them. The concentrations of the surface active materials were selected upon foamability and stability tests. Column-flood tests were run until steady-state changing nanoparticle concentration, foam quality (fg), and flow rate. A synergistic behaviour of surfactant and nanoparticles help the formation of a strong foam. The measurements were used to validate a mechanistic model, presented in our earlier work (Li and Prigiobbe, 2020), which couples foam and nanoparticles transport with agglomeration and extended-DLVO theory. The model agrees well with the measurements and results show that an high-quality (ca. 90% gas fraction) can be used to carry nanoparticles and the efficient increases with flow velocity. This opens the opportunity for the application of foam as a carrier of nanoparticles in subsurface applications such as the remediation of contaminated sites and makes the model a valuable tool to design and predict such operations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingjian Li
- Department of Civil, Environmental, and Ocean Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken 07030, NJ, USA
| | - Valentina Prigiobbe
- Department of Civil, Environmental, and Ocean Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken 07030, NJ, USA.
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De Farias Silva CE, Vieira RC, da Silva ICC, de Oliveira Cerqueira RB, Andrade NP, Claudino da Silva F, de Andrade FP, de Souza Abud AK, Andreola K, Taranto OP. Combining fruit pulp and rice protein agglomerated with collagen to potencialize it as a functional food: particle characterization, pulp formulation and sensory analysis. J Food Sci Technol 2021; 58:4194-4204. [PMID: 34538904 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-020-04892-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
In this study, agglomeration process was applied in concentrated rice protein (RP) powder using hydrolyzed collagen (HC) as binder to improve wetting time and flowability, aiming at its application in the food industry, namely for fruit pulp supplementation. Fruit pulps from acerola (Malpighia emarginata), cashew (Anarcadium occidentale), guava (Psidium guajava), soursop (Annona muricate), passion fruit (Passiflora edulis) and mandarin (Citrus reticulata) replaced in 1-5% (w/w) by RP or RP agglomerated with collagen were evaluated in terms of viscosity/color and sensory attributes. The addition of RP led to changes in the color of the pulps analyzed, resulting in a red and yellowish color. Viscosity analysis showed that the agglomeration process increased RP dispersion as a function of collagen concentration. The percentage of concentrated RP and RP agglomerated with collagen was limited to 1-3% in order to generate acceptance levels higher than 80%, which is similar to the acceptance rate of pulps without any addition (control-NA).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Kaciane Andreola
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Mauá Institute of Technology, São Caetano do Sul, São Paulo Brazil
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Prajapati H, Serajuddin ATM. Development of Fully Redispersible Dried Nanocrystals by Using Sucrose Laurate as Stabilizer for Increasing Surface Area and Dissolution Rate of Poorly Water-Soluble Drugs. J Pharm Sci 2021; 111:780-793. [PMID: 34673097 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2021.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
There is much interest in converting poorly water-soluble drugs into nanocrystals as they provide extremely high surface area that increases dissolution rate and oral bioavailability. However, nanocrystals are prepared as aqueous suspensions, and once the suspensions are dried for development of solid dosage forms, the nanocrystals agglomerate as large particles to reduce the excess surface energy. For successful development of drug products, it is essential that any agglomeration is reversible, and the dried nanocrystals regain original particle sizes after redispersion in aqueous media. We have established that sucrose laurate serves as a superb stabilizer to ensure complete redispersion of dried nanocrystals in aqueous media with mild agitation. Nanocrystals (150-300 nm) of three neutral drugs (fenofibrate, danazol and probucol) were produced with sucrose laurate by media milling, and suspensions were dried by tray drying under vacuum, spray drying, and lyophilization. Dried solids and their tablets redispersed into original particle sizes spontaneously. Preliminary studies showed that sucrose laurate can also redisperse acidic and basic drugs, indicating its versatile application. Fatty acid ester of another disaccharide, lactose laurate, also performed like sucrose laurate. Thus, we have developed a method of retaining high dissolution rate and, by implication, high bioavailability of nanocrystals from solid formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hetal Prajapati
- College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St. John's University, 8000 Utopia Parkway, Queens, NY 11439, USA
| | - Abu T M Serajuddin
- College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St. John's University, 8000 Utopia Parkway, Queens, NY 11439, USA.
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Zhao Z, Higashi K, Ueda K, Moribe K. Revealing the mechanism of morphological variation of amorphous drug nanoparticles formed by aqueous dispersion of ternary solid dispersion. Int J Pharm 2021; 607:120984. [PMID: 34389423 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Probucol (PBC)/hypromellose (HPMC)/sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) ternary solid dispersions (SDs) of various weight ratios were prepared and evaluated to unveil the effect of HPMC and SDS on the formation of amorphous PBC nanoparticles. The morphological variation of the PBC nanoparticles prepared using SDs of different compositions was determined using dynamic light scattering and cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM). Statistical analysis of particle size versus roundness of PBC nanoparticles was carried out based on cryo-TEM images. A clear correlation was observed between the morphologies of the PBC nanoparticles and the amounts of HPMC and SDS, either admixed in SDs or pre-dissolved in an aqueous solution. The admixed HPMC in SDs was demonstrated to play the major role in determining the primary particle sizes of discrete amorphous PBC nanoparticles. Based on 13C solid-state NMR spectroscopy, this phenomenon should be due to the enlarged size of the PBC-rich domains in SDs, which depended on the decreasing amounts of admixed HPMC. Although the pre-dissolved part of HPMC had less impact on the primary particle sizes, it was found to inhibit the particle agglomeration and recrystallization of amorphous PBC nanoparticles. On the other hand, sufficient SDS admixed in SDs could suppress the size enhancement of the PBC-rich domains during water immersion and nanoparticle evolution (agglomeration and crystallization) after aqueous dispersion. The pre-dissolved SDS could restrain the agglomeration of amorphous PBC nanoparticles, ultimately forming hundreds of irregular nanometer-order structures. Since the increase in size during water immersion, their sizes were still slightly larger than those obtained with a high portion of admixed SDS. The findings of this study clarified the usefulness and necessity of adding polymers and surfactants to SDs to fabricate drug nanoparticle formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijing Zhao
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Kenjirou Higashi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Keisuke Ueda
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Kunikazu Moribe
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan.
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Kim S, Bilgili E, Davé RN. Impact of altered hydrophobicity and reduced agglomeration on dissolution of micronized poorly water-soluble drug powders after dry coating. Int J Pharm 2021; 606:120853. [PMID: 34252519 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The impact of dry coating with hydrophobic or hydrophilic nano-silica at 25-100% surface area coverage on dissolution of micronized poorly water-soluble drugs was investigated by examining their agglomeration and surface hydrophobicity. Ibuprofen (20 µm and 10 µm) and griseofulvin (10 µm) were selected having differing solubility, hydrophobicity, and surface morphology. Characterization involved particle agglomeration via two dry dispersion methods, drug dissolution using the USP IV method, cohesion reduction through shear testing, and powder wettability via the modified Washburn method. Dry coating dramatically reduced the cohesion hence agglomerate size of both the coated ibuprofen particles, but less for griseofulvin, attributed to its surface morphology. For hydrophobic silica, agglomerate size reduction outweighed the adverse impact of increased surface hydrophobicity for ibuprofen. For griseofulvin, the agglomerate reduction was much lower, not able to overcome the effect of increased drug particle hydrophobicity with hydrophobic silica coating. Hydrophilic silica coating reduced hydrophobicity for all three drug powders, leading to the synergistic improvement in the dissolution along with agglomerate size reduction. Overall, the combined effect of the drug particle surface hydrophobicity and agglomerate size, represented by specific surface area, could explain the dissolution behavior of these poorly water-soluble drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangah Kim
- New Jersey Center for Engineered Particulates, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
| | - Ecevit Bilgili
- New Jersey Center for Engineered Particulates, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
| | - Rajesh N Davé
- New Jersey Center for Engineered Particulates, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA.
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Shupe HJ, Boenisch KM, Harper BJ, Brander SM, Harper SL. Effect of Nanoplastic Type and Surface Chemistry on Particle Agglomeration over a Salinity Gradient. Environ Toxicol Chem 2021; 40:1822-1828. [PMID: 33661533 PMCID: PMC8225560 DOI: 10.1002/etc.5030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Agglomeration of nanoplastics in waters can alter their transport and fate in the environment. Agglomeration behavior of 4 nanoplastics differing in core composition (red- or blue-dyed polystyrene) and surface chemistry (plain or carboxylated poly[methyl methacrylate] [PMMA]) was investigated across a salinity gradient. No agglomeration was observed for carboxylated PMMA at any salinity, whereas the plain PMMA agglomerated at only 1 g/L. Both the red and the blue polystyrene agglomerated at 25 g/L. Results indicate that both composition and surface chemistry can impact how environmental salinity affects plastic nanoparticle agglomeration. Environ Toxicol Chem 2021;40:1822-1828. © 2021 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah J. Shupe
- School of Chemical, Biological and Environmental EngineeringOregon State UniversityCorvallisOregonUSA
| | - Kylie M. Boenisch
- School of Chemical, Biological and Environmental EngineeringOregon State UniversityCorvallisOregonUSA
| | - Bryan J. Harper
- Department of Environmental and Molecular ToxicologyOregon State UniversityCorvallisOregonUSA
| | - Susanne M. Brander
- Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Coastal Oregon Marine Experiment StationOregon State UniversityCorvallisOregonUSA
| | - Stacey L. Harper
- School of Chemical, Biological and Environmental EngineeringOregon State UniversityCorvallisOregonUSA
- Department of Environmental and Molecular ToxicologyOregon State UniversityCorvallisOregonUSA
- Oregon Nanoscience and Microtechnologies InstituteCorvallisOregonUSA
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38
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Lee D, Yoo B. Cellulose derivatives agglomerated in a fluidized bed: Physical, rheological, and structural properties. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 181:232-240. [PMID: 33775758 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.03.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the agglomeration of cellulose derivatives is crucial for the production of instant gum-based food thickeners. In the present study, physical, rheological, and structural properties of agglomerated water-soluble cellulose gums (CGs), such as carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC), and methylcellulose (MC), were investigated at different concentrations of maltodextrin (MD) as a binder for fluidized-bed agglomeration. Among the CG agglomerates in the presence of MD, CMC exhibited better flowability and lower cohesiveness, showing lower Carr index and Hausner ratio values. The MC agglomerates with 20% MD exhibited higher porosity than the other CGs due to the size enlargement of MC particles, which was confirmed via scanning electron microscopy images and size distribution profiles. The dynamic moduli of the CG agglomerates were significantly decreased by the addition of MD and also decreased with increasing MD concentration. The tan δ values of the agglomerates increased with increasing MD concentration, indicating the enhancement of their viscous properties. These results suggest that the physical, rheological, and structural properties of cellulose derivatives with different types of CG can be greatly influenced by their agglomerate growths during fluidized-bed agglomeration of particles with the different concentrations of MD binder.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Lee
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang, Gyeonggi 410-820, Republic of Korea
| | - B Yoo
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang, Gyeonggi 410-820, Republic of Korea.
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Lee H, Yoo B. Agglomeration of galactomannan gum powders: Physical, rheological, and structural characterizations. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 256:117599. [PMID: 33483081 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.117599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Galactomannans (GM), such as guar gum (GG) and locust bean gum (LBG), are extensively used as a thickening agent in the food industry. In this work, the physical, rheological, and structural properties of GG and LBG agglomerated via a fluidized bed agglomerator with different concentrations of maltodextrin (MD) binder were investigated. Agglomerated GM at 40 % MD showed lower Carr index and Hausner ratio, indicating better flowability and lower cohesiveness. The GG showed larger particle sizes than LBG, which was confirmed via SEM images and size distribution profiles. The GM with MD exhibited improved rheological properties. The GG showed lower tan δ values than LBG, indicating the enhancement of their elastic properties. Results exhibit that the physical, rheological, and structural properties of GM can be greatly affected by their agglomerate growths during fluidized bed agglomeration of particles with varying concentrations of MD binder as well as the type of gum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyundo Lee
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang, Gyeonggi, 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Byoungseung Yoo
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang, Gyeonggi, 10326, Republic of Korea.
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Ubbink J, Dupas-Langlet M. Rheology of carbohydrate blends close to the glass transition: Temperature and water content dependence of the viscosity in relation to fragility and strength. Food Res Int 2020; 138:109801. [PMID: 33288183 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Several modifications of the Williams-Landel-Ferry (WLF) equation that incorporate the water-content dependence of the viscosity are introduced and applied to the fitting the zero-shear viscosity of a systematic series of maltopolymer-maltose blends for water contents w between 4% and 70% (M. Dupas-Langlet et al., Carbohydrate Polymers 213 (2019) 147-158). These models include a previously published model that addresses the water-content dependence of the viscosity via a Gordon-Taylor-type modification of the C2 coefficient of the WLF equation. New models that are based on two simple assumptions are introduced: 1. The viscosity at the glass transition temperature Tg decreases exponentially with the water content and 2. The WLF coefficient C2 depends linearly on the water content. The modified WLF models allow to extract the so-called isoviscosity lines, that connect points of varying temperature and water content that are characterized by the same viscosity. Based on data obtained between T = -15 °C and 70 °C using shear rheology (w = 30-70% w/w) and dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (w = 4-9% w/w), we conclude that the models provide a good fit of the experimental data, and that additional data, specifically very close to the glass transition line, is needed, to assess the hypotheses underlying the various modified WLF models. It is established that the viscosity at Tg is dependent on the composition and decreases with the content of maltose and water. The modified WLF models are used to determine Angell's fragility parameter m and Roos' strength parameter S. m and S are observed to increase, respectively decrease with increasing water and maltose content, signifying an increasing temperature dependence of the viscosity close to Tg with decreasing diluent content. The application of the isoviscosity concept to unit operations in the food and pharmaceutical industry is discussed. Specifically, we show how to analyze atomization, agglomeration, sintering and compaction using the isoviscosity concept.
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Montrose K, López Cabezas RM, Paukštytė J, Saarikangas J. Winter is coming: Regulation of cellular metabolism by enzyme polymerization in dormancy and disease. Exp Cell Res 2020; 397:112383. [PMID: 33212148 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2020.112383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Metabolism feeds growth. Accordingly, metabolism is regulated by nutrient-sensing pathways that converge growth promoting signals into biosynthesis by regulating the activity of metabolic enzymes. When the environment does not support growth, organisms invest in survival. For cells, this entails transitioning into a dormant, quiescent state (G0). In dormancy, the activity of biosynthetic pathways is dampened, and catabolic metabolism and stress tolerance pathways are activated. Recent work in yeast has demonstrated that dormancy is associated with alterations in the physicochemical properties of the cytoplasm, including changes in pH, viscosity and macromolecular crowding. Accompanying these changes, numerous metabolic enzymes transition from soluble to polymerized assemblies. These large-scale self-assemblies are dynamic and depolymerize when cells resume growth. Here we review how enzyme polymerization enables metabolic plasticity by tuning carbohydrate, nucleic acid, amino acid and lipid metabolic pathways, with particular focus on its potential adaptive value in cellular dormancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristopher Montrose
- Helsinki Institute of Life Science, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Finland; Research Programme in Molecular and Integrative Biosciences, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Rosa María López Cabezas
- Helsinki Institute of Life Science, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Finland; Research Programme in Molecular and Integrative Biosciences, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jurgita Paukštytė
- Helsinki Institute of Life Science, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Finland; Research Programme in Molecular and Integrative Biosciences, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Juha Saarikangas
- Helsinki Institute of Life Science, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Finland; Research Programme in Molecular and Integrative Biosciences, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Finland; Neuroscience Center, University of Helsinki, Finland.
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Mensch C, Chintala R, Nawrocki D, Blue JT, Bhambhani A. Enabling Lyophilized Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccines Through Formulation Design and Excipient Selection Suitable for A Multivalent Adjuvanted Vaccine. J Pharm Sci 2020; 110:97-107. [PMID: 33164785 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2020.10.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Despite a consistent benefit of existing pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) on invasive pneumococcal disease and pneumonia across different epidemiological settings a tremendous gap exists towards global PCV coverage. Currently, no lyophilized dosage form exists in the PCV global vaccine marketplace and currently licensed vaccines target some, but not all relevant serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae. The development of lyophilized presentations of an adjuvanted multivalent vaccine formulation that aligns with the evolving epidemiological assessment of the pneumococcal disease offers broader coverage with distinct cold chain and thermostability advantages. To make progress towards this goal, we evaluated the feasibility of developing new formulation to enable a lyophilized adjuvanted PCV vaccine containing 15 different serotypes. Our findings successfully demonstrate a formulation design space that enables enhanced physical stability which controls vaccine agglomeration, preserves in-vitro vaccine potency, maintains PCV antigen adsorption, and yields elegant lyophilized cakes with acceptable clinically relevant reconstitution times. This research also demonstrates the benefit of utilizing specific vaccine formulation excipients and the effectiveness of excipient combinations that may be beneficial for other multivalent adjuvant containing vaccines to enable novel lyophilized formulations necessary for improved global vaccine access.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Mensch
- Biologics and Vaccines Analytical, MMD, Merck & Co., Inc., West Point, PA, USA
| | - Ramesh Chintala
- Global Vaccines Technical Operations, MMD, Merck & Co., Inc., West Point, PA, USA
| | - Denise Nawrocki
- Vaccine Drug Product Development, MRL, Merck & Co., Inc., West Point, PA, USA
| | - Jeffrey T Blue
- Vaccine Drug Product Development, MRL, Merck & Co., Inc., West Point, PA, USA
| | - Akhilesh Bhambhani
- Vaccine Drug Product Development, MRL, Merck & Co., Inc., West Point, PA, USA.
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Abstract
Most drugs have very limited solubility in water and some can be extremely difficult to formulate as parenteral solutions where the dose should preferably be dissolved in couple of ml of aqueous media without use of organic solvents and surface active agents, or application of somewhat extreme techniques such as prodrug formation. Thus, pharmaceutical formulators are constantly looking for new, biologically acceptable, and low-cost armamentarium for parenteral formulation development. Cyclodextrins (CDs) are enabling pharmaceutical excipients that can temporarily camouflage undesirable physiochemical drug properties such as low aqueous solubility through formation of drug/CD inclusion complexes. CDs are cyclic oligosaccharides that have similar physiological and biological properties like linear saccharides of comparable molecular weight. Due to their very favorable toxicological and pharmacokinetic profiles their usage in parenteral drug formulations is frequently preferred over other solubilizing techniques. Here the physiochemical and biological properties of CDs are reviewed as well as their pharmacokinetics after intravenous administration. Their regulatory status is briefly reviewed and their tendency to self-assemble to form clusters or aggregates discussed. Finally, some examples are given of how CDs are applied in aqueous parenteral formulations, how their solubilizing effect has been enhanced and how their target concentration is determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thorsteinn Loftsson
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Iceland, Hofsvallagata 53, IS-107 Reykjavik, Iceland.
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Thiagarajan V, Seenivasan R, Jenkins D, Chandrasekaran N, Mukherjee A. Combined effects of nano-TiO 2 and hexavalent chromium towards marine crustacean Artemia salina. Aquat Toxicol 2020; 225:105541. [PMID: 32574931 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2020.105541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
There has been a significant increased concern of the impact of the toxicity of multiple contaminants in the marine environment. Thus, this study was aimed at determining whether the interaction between nano-TiO2 and Cr(VI) would modulate their toxic effects with the marine crustacean, Artemia salina. Nano-TiO2 agglomerated in artificial sea water (ASW) and readily formed micron-sized particles that settled down in the medium. The addition of Cr(VI) to nano-TiO2 aggravated their agglomeration through sorption of Cr(VI) onto nano-TiO2. This was reflected by a decrease in the residual concentration of Cr in the suspension. Acute toxicity tests performed using pristine nano-TiO2 (0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 mg/L) and Cr(VI) (0.125, 0.25, 0.5, and 1 mg/L) displayed a concentration dependent rise in the mortality of Artemia salina. To examine the effects of mixtures of nano-TiO2 and Cr(VI) on Artemia salina, two groups of experiments were designed. The former group studied the toxic effect of nano-TiO2 (0.5, 1, 2, and 4 mg/L) with a fixed concentration (0.125 mg/L) of Cr(VI). While the latter group studied the toxicity of Cr(VI) (0.25, 0.5, and 1 mg/L) with a fixed concentration (0.25 mg/L) of nano-TiO2. The toxic effects of nano-TiO2 was not significantly reduced at a fixed concentration of Cr(VI) but in contrast, a significant reduction in the Cr(VI) toxicity by fixed concentration of nano-TiO2 was observed. Toxicity data was well supported by an independent action model that proved the mode of action between nano-TiO2 and Cr(VI) to be antagonistic. Furthermore, ROS generation and measurement of antioxidant enzyme activities were also in line with toxicity results. From this study, the modification of Cr(VI) toxicity at fixed concentration of nano-TiO2 could have a huge impact on the reduction in Cr(VI) toxicity across trophic levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vignesh Thiagarajan
- Centre for Nanobiotechnology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632014, India
| | - R Seenivasan
- Centre for Nanobiotechnology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632014, India
| | - David Jenkins
- Wolfson Nanomaterials & Devices Laboratory, School of Computing, Electronics and Mathematics, Faculty of Science & Engineering, University of Plymouth, Devon, PL4 8AA, UK
| | - N Chandrasekaran
- Centre for Nanobiotechnology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632014, India
| | - Amitava Mukherjee
- Centre for Nanobiotechnology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632014, India.
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Simonet JC, Foster MJ, Lynch EM, Kollman JM, Nicholas E, O'Reilly AM, Peterson JR. CTP synthase polymerization in germline cells of the developing Drosophila egg supports egg production. Biol Open 2020; 9:bio050328. [PMID: 32580972 PMCID: PMC7390647 DOI: 10.1242/bio.050328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Polymerization of metabolic enzymes into micron-scale assemblies is an emerging mechanism for regulating their activity. CTP synthase (CTPS) is an essential enzyme in the biosynthesis of the nucleotide CTP and undergoes regulated and reversible assembly into large filamentous structures in organisms from bacteria to humans. The purpose of these assemblies is unclear. A major challenge to addressing this question has been the inability to abolish assembly without eliminating CTPS protein. Here we demonstrate that a recently reported point mutant in CTPS, Histidine 355A (H355A), prevents CTPS filament assembly in vivo and dominantly inhibits the assembly of endogenous wild-type CTPS in the Drosophila ovary. Expressing this mutant in ovarian germline cells, we show that disruption of CTPS assembly in early stage egg chambers reduces egg production. This effect is exacerbated in flies fed the glutamine antagonist 6-diazo-5-oxo-L-norleucine, which inhibits de novo CTP synthesis. These findings introduce a general approach to blocking the assembly of polymerizing enzymes without eliminating their catalytic activity and demonstrate a role for CTPS assembly in supporting egg production, particularly under conditions of limited glutamine metabolism.This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline C Simonet
- Cancer Biology Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, 333 Cottman Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA
| | - Maya J Foster
- Immersion Science Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, 333 Cottman Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA
| | - Eric M Lynch
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Justin M Kollman
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Emmanuelle Nicholas
- Cancer Biology Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, 333 Cottman Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA
| | - Alana M O'Reilly
- Molecular Therapeutics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, 333 Cottman Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA
| | - Jeffrey R Peterson
- Cancer Biology Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, 333 Cottman Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA
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Orlewski PM, Mazzotti M. Modeling of Mixing-Precipitation Processes: Agglomeration. Chem Eng Technol 2020; 43:1029-1039. [PMID: 32612323 PMCID: PMC7319487 DOI: 10.1002/ceat.201900551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
A comprehensive description of the barium sulfate precipitation process in a wide range of supersaturations is presented. By using an additive to stabilize the particles, the decoupling of the primary from the secondary processes, as well as the agglomeration from aggregation was possible. By being able to study the two processes independently, a model describing the agglomeration of barium sulfate in the range of high supersaturations was validated experimentally for the first time. The proposed model has proven to describe the experiments with a high degree of accuracy in the whole range of supersaturations investigated. Additionally, by comparing agglomeration kernels of various complexity, ranges where simplifications are possible were identified, thus enabling the future development of models with better performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pawel M Orlewski
- ETH Zurich Institute of Process Engineering Sonneggstrasse 3 8092 Zurich Switzerland
| | - Marco Mazzotti
- ETH Zurich Institute of Process Engineering Sonneggstrasse 3 8092 Zurich Switzerland
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Morán J, Yon J, Poux A. Monte Carlo Aggregation Code (MCAC) Part 1: Fundamentals. J Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 569:184-194. [PMID: 32109672 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.02.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The application of Monte Carlo methods to simulate the agglomeration of suspended nanoparticles is currently limited to specific agglomeration regimes with reduced accuracy in terms of the particle's physical residence time. The definition of specific particles persistent distance, its corresponding time step and subsequent probabilities for particle displacements may improve the accuracy of this method. To solve these issues, a new persistent distance and its corresponding time step based on Langevin dynamics simulations are introduced. Additionally, a probability of particle displacements, not restricted to a specific agglomeration regime, is introduced. All the modifications are validated by comparison with Langevin dynamics simulations. Finally, the above mentioned modifications considerably improve the accuracy of Monte Carlo methods to predict the dynamics and agglomeration of suspended nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Morán
- Normandie Université, INSA Rouen, UNIROUEN, CNRS, CORIA, 76000 Rouen, France
| | - J Yon
- Normandie Université, INSA Rouen, UNIROUEN, CNRS, CORIA, 76000 Rouen, France.
| | - A Poux
- Normandie Université, INSA Rouen, UNIROUEN, CNRS, CORIA, 76000 Rouen, France
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Luo W, Huang Y, Zhou X, Han Q, Peng X, Ren B, Li J, Li M, Cheng L. The effect of disaggregated nano-hydroxyapatite on oral biofilm in vitro. Dent Mater 2020; 36:e207-e216. [PMID: 32417013 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2020.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Agglomeration is a common problem facing the preparation and application of nanomaterials, and whether nano-hydroxyapatite (nano HA) can modulate oral microecology left to be unclear. In this study, nano HA was disaggregated by sodium hexametaphosphate (SHMP) and ultrasonic cavitation to observe whether agglomeration would affect its effect on oral bacterial biofilm. METHODS Dynamic light scattering (DLS) and scanning electronic microscope (SEM) were used to observe the treatment solutions. Single-species biofilms and multi-species biofilms were treated with 10% nano HA, 10% disaggregated nano HA, 10% micro hydroxyapatite (micro HA) and deionized water (DDW) for 30min and analyzed via MTT assay, lactic acid measurement, SEM and confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM). Real-time polymerase chain reaction was performed to analyze the biofilm composition. RESULTS Ultrasonic cavitation combined with SHMP could significantly reduce the degree of agglomeration of nano HA. Disaggregated nano HA could inhibit bacterial growth and reduce the ability of bacterial biofilm to produce lactic acid and extracellular polysaccharides. There was no significant difference on composition of multi-species biofilms between nano HA and disaggregated nano HA. SIGNIFICANCE The disaggregated nano-hydroxyapatite could inhibit the metabolism and acid production of oral bacterial biofilm, but did not significantly affect the composition of multi-species biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weidan Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China; Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yannan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China; Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuedong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China; Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qi Han
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China; Department of Oral Pathology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xian Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Biao Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Jiyao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China; Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mingyun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.
| | - Lei Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China; Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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Shrestha S, Wang B, Dutta P. Nanoparticle processing: Understanding and controlling aggregation. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 279:102162. [PMID: 32334131 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2020.102162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) are commonly defined as particles with size <100 nm and are currently of considerable technological and academic interest, since they are often the starting materials for nanotechnology. Novel properties develop as a bulk material is reduced to nanodimensions and is reflected in new chemistry, physics and biology. With reduction in size, a greater function of the atoms is at the surface, and promote different interaction with its environment, as compared to the bulk material. In addition, the reduction in size alters the electronic structure of the material, resulting in novel quantum effects. Size also influences mobility, primarily controlled by Brownian motion for NPs, and relevant in biological and environmental processes. However, the small size also leads to high surface energy, and NPs tend to aggregate, thereby lowering the surface energy. In all applications, the uncontrolled aggregation of NPs can have negative effects and needs to be avoided. There are however examples of controlled aggregation of NPs which give rise to novel effects. This review article is focused on the NP features that influences aggregation. Common strategies for synthesis of NPs from the gas and liquid phases are discussed with emphasis on aggregation during and after synthesis. The theory involving Van der Waals attractive force and electrical repulsive force as the controlling features of the stability of NPs is discussed, followed by examples of how repulsive and attractive forces can be manipulated experimentally to control NP aggregation. In some applications, NPs prepared by liquid methods need to be isolated for further applications. The process of solvent removal introduces new forces such as capillary forces that promote aggregation, in many cases, irreversibly. Strategies for controlling aggregation upon drying are discussed. There are also many methods for redispersing aggregated NPs, which involve mechanical forces, as well as manipulating capillary forces and surface characteristics. We conclude this review with a discussion of aggregation relevant real-world applications of NPs. This review should be relevant for scientists and technologists interested in NPs, since emphasis has been on the practical aspects of NP-based technology, and especially, strategies relevant to controlling NP aggregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sweta Shrestha
- ZeoVation, 1275 Kinnear Road, Columbus, OH 43212, United States of America
| | - Bo Wang
- ZeoVation, 1275 Kinnear Road, Columbus, OH 43212, United States of America
| | - Prabir Dutta
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States of America.
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50
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Page JS, Reynolds JG, Cooke GA, Wells BE. Large cemented gibbsite agglomerates in alkaline nuclear waste at the Hanford site and the impacts to remediation. J Hazard Mater 2020; 384:121318. [PMID: 31623999 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 09/14/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Recent work with the remediation of legacy alkaline nuclear waste has focused on nanometer and micrometer particle sizes, emphasizing how these small particles can impact efforts to treat the waste. Building upon this work, we present here findings that show very large particles (several centimeters in size) also exist in these waste which likewise play an important role in the remediation process. While large cemented gibbsite nodules have been periodically reported in acid soils in the literature, this study found similar large gibbsite agglomerates (7 cm in diameter) in alkaline nuclear waste, the first time that such large agglomerates have been identified in an alkaline environment. The morphology of the gibbsite in the agglomerates that were grown over more than 40 years of storage in the waste tank were similar to the much smaller agglomerates that have been reported in previous shorter term studies. Fluid dynamics calculations indicate that these cemented particles would be difficult to mobilize with standard jet slurry technologies, which is consistent with their persistence in the waste heel after jet sluicing of the tank.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason S Page
- Washington River Protection Solutions, LLC, P.O. Box 850, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Jacob G Reynolds
- Washington River Protection Solutions, LLC, P.O. Box 850, Richland, WA, USA.
| | - Gary A Cooke
- Washington River Protection Solutions, LLC, P.O. Box 850, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Beric E Wells
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 800, Richland, WA, USA
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