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Dułak NA, Rytlewska M, Jaskólska M, Chmielewski M. A new perspective on vitamin B12 deficiency in rheumatology: a case-based review. Rheumatol Int 2024; 44:737-741. [PMID: 38294542 DOI: 10.1007/s00296-024-05539-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Vitamin B12 (cobalamin) deficiency is common in patients with rheumatic diseases. Pernicious anemia is a well-known cause, but recent reports suggest that autoimmune-derived deficiency may not be limited to this cause alone. Symptoms of low vitamin B12 concentration are often deceptive, mimicking and overlapping with symptoms of other conditions. Neuropsychiatric manifestations, anemia, and fatigue are frequently attributed to a rheumatic disease without further evaluation. In this study, we present three cases of patients with neuropathic pain, depression, fatigue, and muscle weakness, initially attributed to a rheumatic disease, which almost completely resolved after implementing vitamin B12 supplementation. Furthermore, we provide an overview of current scientific reports regarding the potential use of cobalamin in rheumatology. Treatment of pain and neuropathy, often very challenging in long-lasting rheumatic diseases, can be more effective after a course of vitamin B12, even when no apparent deficiency is detected in laboratory tests. Considering recent research demonstrating vitamin B12's nerve-protecting properties, we recommend that physicians should assess vitamin B12 levels early in the diagnostic process of rheumatic diseases. In specific cases, physicians should consider cobalamin supplementation regardless of vitamin B12 serum concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Aleksandra Dułak
- Department of Rheumatology, Clinical Immunology, Geriatrics and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland.
| | - Magdalena Rytlewska
- Department of Rheumatology, Clinical Immunology, Geriatrics and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Marta Jaskólska
- Department of Rheumatology, Clinical Immunology, Geriatrics and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Michał Chmielewski
- Department of Rheumatology, Clinical Immunology, Geriatrics and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
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2
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Kuerec AH, Wang W, Yi L, Tao R, Lin Z, Vaidya A, Pendse S, Thasma S, Andhalkar N, Avhad G, Kumbhar V, Maier AB. Towards personalized nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) supplementation: Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) concentration. Mech Ageing Dev 2024; 218:111917. [PMID: 38430946 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2024.111917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) is a precursor of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD), which declines with age. Supplementation of NMN has been shown to improve blood NAD concentration. However, the optimal NMN dose remains unclear. This is a post-hoc analysis of a double-blinded clinical trial involving 80 generally healthy adults aged 40-65 years. The participants received a placebo or daily 300 mg, 600 mg, or 900 mg NMN for 60 days. Blood NAD concentration, blood biological age, homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance, 6-minute walk test, and 36-item short-form survey (SF-36) were measured at baseline and after supplement. A significant dose-dependent increase in NAD concentration change (NADΔ) was observed following NMN supplementation, with a large coefficient of variation (29.2-113.3%) within group. The increase in NADΔ was associated with an improvement in the walking distance of 6-minute walk test and the SF-36 score. The median effect dose of NADΔ for the 6-minute walk test and SF-36 score was 15.7 nmol/L (95% CI: 10.9-20.5 nmol/L) and 13.5 nmol/L (95% CI; 10.5-16.5 nmol/L), respectively. Because of the high interindividual variability of the NADΔ after NMN supplementation, monitoring NAD concentration can provide valuable insights for tailoring personalized dosage regimens and optimizing NMN utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajla Hodzic Kuerec
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore; Centre for Healthy Longevity, @AgeSingapore, National University Health System, 10 Medical Drive, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Weilan Wang
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore; Centre for Healthy Longevity, @AgeSingapore, National University Health System, 10 Medical Drive, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Lin Yi
- Abinopharm, Inc, 3 Enterprise Drive, Suite 407, Shelton, CT 06484, USA
| | - Rongsheng Tao
- Huzhou Yihui Biotechnology Co., Ltd, 1366 Hong Feng Road, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhigang Lin
- ABA Chemicals Corporation, 67 Libing Road, Building 4, Zhangjian Hi-Tech Park, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Aditi Vaidya
- ProRelix Services LLP, 102 A/B, Park Plaza, Karve Road, Karve Nagar, Pune, Maharashtra 411052, India
| | - Sohal Pendse
- ProRelix Services LLP, 102 A/B, Park Plaza, Karve Road, Karve Nagar, Pune, Maharashtra 411052, India
| | - Sornaraja Thasma
- ProRelix Services LLP, 102 A/B, Park Plaza, Karve Road, Karve Nagar, Pune, Maharashtra 411052, India
| | - Niranjan Andhalkar
- ProRelix Services LLP, 102 A/B, Park Plaza, Karve Road, Karve Nagar, Pune, Maharashtra 411052, India
| | - Ganesh Avhad
- Lotus Healthcare & Aesthetics Clinic, 5 Bramha Chambers, 2010 Sadashivpeth, Tilak Road, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Vidyadhar Kumbhar
- Sunad Ayurved, Siddhivinayak Apart, Jeevan Nagar, Chinchwad, Pune, Maharashtra 411033, India
| | - Andrea B Maier
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore; Centre for Healthy Longevity, @AgeSingapore, National University Health System, 10 Medical Drive, Singapore 117597, Singapore; Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Human Movement Sciences, @AgeAmsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Van der Boechorststraat 7, Amsterdam 1081 BT, the Netherlands.
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Serbis A, Polyzos SA, Paschou SA, Siomou E, Kiortsis DN. Diet, exercise, and supplements: what is their role in the management of the metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease in children? Endocrine 2024:10.1007/s12020-024-03783-7. [PMID: 38519764 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-024-03783-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), previously known as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), is the main cause of chronic liver disease in children and adolescents. Indeed, epidemiological studies have shown that MASLD affects up to 40% of children with obesity. Despite the recent approval of medications that target weight loss in adolescents that could have benefits on pediatric MASLD, lifestyle interventions, such as diet and exercise, remain the mainstay of our therapeutic approach. More specifically, studies on diet alone have focused on the possible role of carbohydrate or fat restriction, albeit without a definite answer on the best approach. Weight loss after dietary intervention in children with obesity and MASLD has a beneficial effect, regardless of the diet used. In relation to the role of exercise in MASLD reversal, indirect evidence comes from studies showing that a sedentary lifestyle leading to poor fitness, and low muscle mass is associated with MASLD. However, research on the direct effect of exercise on MASLD in children is scarce. A combination of diet and exercise seems to be beneficial with several studies showing improvement in surrogate markers of MASLD, such as serum alanine aminotransferase and hepatic fat fraction, the latter evaluated with imaging studies. Several dietary supplements, such as vitamin E, probiotics, and omega-3 fatty acid supplements have also been studied in children and adolescents with MASLD, but with equivocal results. This review aims to critically present available data on the effects of lifestyle interventions, including diet, exercise, and dietary supplements, on pediatric MASLD, thus suggesting a frame for future research that could enhance our knowledge on pediatric MASLD management and optimize clinicians' approach to this vexing medical condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasios Serbis
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece.
| | - Stergios A Polyzos
- First Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Stavroula A Paschou
- Endocrine Unit and Diabetes Center, Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Alexandra Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Ekaterini Siomou
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Dimitrios N Kiortsis
- Laboratory of Physiology, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
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Almeida BA, Morales AP, Ribeiro JRC, Ribeiro YG, Sampaio-Jorge F, Barth T, Ribeiro BG. Impact of Caffeine Intake Strategies on Heart Rate Variability During Post-Exercise Recovery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Curr Cardiol Rev 2024; 20:CCR-EPUB-139183. [PMID: 38494935 DOI: 10.2174/011573403x289842240307114736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to evaluate the influence of caffeine (CAF) intake strategies, taking into account their form, timing, and dosage, on heart rate variability (HRV) indices in the post-exercise recovery period. METHODS The meta-analysis adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines and is registered in the PROSPERO database (CRD42023425885). A comprehensive literature search was carried out across MEDLINE, Web of Science, LILACS, and SCOPUS, concluding in May 2023. We concentrated on randomized clinical trials comparing CAF supplementation effects to placebo on HRV indices post-exercise in active adults aged 18 and above. The primary endpoint was the assessment of HRV indices, measured both prior to and following exercise. RESULTS Of the 10 studies included, 7 were used for the meta-analysis, and all contributed to the systematic review. The research explored a variety of CAF strategies, spanning different forms (capsule, drink, gum), times (10, 45, 60 min) and doses (2.1 to 6.0 mg/kg). The outcomes revealed no substantial variations between the placebo and CAF conditions in terms of both the square root of the average of successive squared differences between adjacent RR intervals (RMSSD) (standardized mean difference (SMD) -0.03, 95% CI -0.265 to 0.197, p=0.77) and high frequency (HF) index (SMD -0.061, 95% CI -0.272 to 0.150, p=0.57). Furthermore, metaregression analysis, employing a fixed-effects model and accounting for the administered CAF doses, revealed no significant correlation between caffeine doses and HRV indices (p>0.05). CONCLUSION In conclusion, there is moderate-certainty evidence suggesting that different CAF intake strategies, encompassing aspects such as form, time, and dose, do not have a significant impact on HRV indices recovery post-exercise (i.e., vagal modulation).
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Araujo Almeida
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Research and Innovation Laboratory in Sports and Nutrition Sciences (LAPICEN), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Macaé, RJ, Brazil Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - Anderson Pontes Morales
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Research and Innovation Laboratory in Sports and Nutrition Sciences (LAPICEN), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Macaé, RJ, Brazil Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | | | - Yasmin Garcia Ribeiro
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Research and Innovation Laboratory in Sports and Nutrition Sciences (LAPICEN), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Macaé, RJ, Brazil Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - Felipe Sampaio-Jorge
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Research and Innovation Laboratory in Sports and Nutrition Sciences (LAPICEN), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Macaé, RJ, Brazil Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - Thiago Barth
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Laboratory of Natural Products, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Macaé, RJ, Brazil. Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - Beatriz Gonçalves Ribeiro
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Research and Innovation Laboratory in Sports and Nutrition Sciences (LAPICEN), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Macaé, RJ, Brazil Rio de Janeiro Brazil
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Nath S, Bhattacharya S, Golla VB, Kumar R. Effect of Social Media on Diet, Lifestyle, and Performance of Athletes: A Review of Current Evidence. Curr Nutr Rep 2024:10.1007/s13668-024-00526-y. [PMID: 38460051 DOI: 10.1007/s13668-024-00526-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Social media (SM) plays an important role in providing diet and health advice to athletes, but it also carries with it a risk of credibility in the information sought for and received. The objective of this review is to assess the knowledge gap on how SM influences dietary and lifestyle practices in athletes. RECENT FINDINGS For this, relevant literature was searched in three leading databases with appropriate keywords, which were subjected to proper scrutiny that led to inclusion of 22 articles (original research papers, reviews, viewpoints, and commentaries). The current era of digitalization has seen an over-reliance on internet and SM for nutrition and lifestyle advice for an athlete. SM has become a powerful tool in athlete's choice of food, nutrition information, healthy living, and performance, with merits and demerits. Their role in choosing dietary supplements and particular food types (e.g., ketogenic diet), body image, self-esteem and eating disorders, and in lifestyle and performance are discussed. SM should be used with caution and should not be used alone as a source of information for nutrition related pieces of advise by athletes. Any food type and supplements trending in SM should be discussed with a sports nutritionist before consumption. SM influencers having a big follower base may not always be disseminating the right knowledge on food and nutrition, thus caution should be exercised. For optimal benefit to the athlete, SM information should be in alignment with recommendations provided by sports nutrition and coaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santanu Nath
- Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Deoghar, 814152, Jharkhand, India.
| | | | - Vani Bhushanam Golla
- Department of Sports Nutrition, National Center for Sports, Science and Research, Sports Authority of India, Patiala, Punjab, India
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- Department of General Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Deoghar, Jharkhand, India
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Uslu İ, Alp O, Karahalil B. Monitoring of Essential and Toxic Elements in Multivitamin/Mineral Effervescent Tablet Supplements and Safety Assessment. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024:10.1007/s12011-024-04138-z. [PMID: 38460061 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-024-04138-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
Multivitamin/mineral (MVM) supplements are the most commonly utilized dietary supplements by many populations. However, there is a severe concern about their adverse effects due to elemental impurities. In the present study, it was aimed to determine the levels of 11 elemental impurities (Cd, Pb, As, Hg, Co, V, Ni, Se, Mo, Cu, and Cr) by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and evaluate the human health risk associated with the consumption of 33 MVM effervescent tablet supplements available in Turkey. The precision of the method in terms of relative standard deviation (RSD) was less than 4.6%. The accuracy of the method was tested with recovery experiments, and the results ranged between 86 and 107%. The impurity levels for Cd, Pb, As, Co, V, Ni, Se, Mo, Cu, and Cr were found between 0.011-0.050, 0.025-0.098, 0.018-0.056, 0.010-0.626, 0.027-0.290, 0.026-1.65, 1.92-21.83, 0.034-34.09, 0.140-183.9, and 0.033-13.10 µg/g, respectively, and Hg was not detected in any sample. The calculated concentrations for elemental impurities complied with EMA and USP guidelines, except one supplement for Se (21.83 µg/g) with a permitted limit of 15 µg/g. The hazard quotient (HQ) and hazard index (HI) levels were below 1 for all samples within the ranges of 3.4 × 10-1-1.4 × 10-6 for HQ and 7.8 × 10-1-1.4 × 10-6 for HI indicating that there is no risk for consumption. The carcinogenic risk (CR) of As was between 1.7 × 10-6 and 5.9 × 10-6, below the threshold value of 1 × 10-4. The results showed that there is no risk to human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- İrem Uslu
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Ankara, 06330, Turkey.
| | - Orkun Alp
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Ankara, 06330, Turkey
| | - Bensu Karahalil
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Ankara, 06330, Turkey
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Eastern Mediterranean University, N. Cyprus, Mersin 10, 99628, Famagusta, Turkey
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Guillaud P, Vest P, Billhot M, Doutrelon C, Hejl C. [A e-Hypercalcemia]. Rev Med Interne 2024; 45:142-146. [PMID: 38228453 DOI: 10.1016/j.revmed.2024.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hypercalcemia is a common biological abnormality. The etiologies are mainly represented by hyperparathyroidism and neoplastic causes. The other causes, including poisoning, are rare, but should not be neglected. OBSERVATION An 82-year-old female patient presented to the emergency room for repeated falls at home, confusion, drowsiness and digestive symptoms. The initial assessment showed hypercalcemia above 3mmol/L. The etiological exploration revealed a very high concentration of 25OH-vitamin D. After repeated interrogations, it appeared that the cause of this intoxication was the intake of a food supplement purchased on the internet, following a prescription from her dentist. CONCLUSION Intoxication due to a food supplement containing vitamin D is possible and potentially serious. Raising the awareness of patients and healthcare professionals is necessary in order to prevent this type of poisoning and/or to diagnose it as soon as possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Guillaud
- Laboratoire de biologie-HIA Percy, 101, avenue Henri-Barbusse, 92140 Clamart, France
| | - P Vest
- Laboratoire de biologie-HIA Percy, 101, avenue Henri-Barbusse, 92140 Clamart, France
| | - M Billhot
- Service de médecine interne-HIA Percy, 101, avenue Henri-Barbusse, 92140 Clamart, France
| | - C Doutrelon
- Service de médecine interne-HIA Percy, 101, avenue Henri-Barbusse, 92140 Clamart, France
| | - C Hejl
- Laboratoire de biologie-HIA Percy, 101, avenue Henri-Barbusse, 92140 Clamart, France.
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Alotaibi AF, Khdary SN, Alzarzor Alajami MA, Sambas EA, Aldakhil NA, Naibulharam DY, Alsulmi AA, Alosaimi FD. Pattern of dietary supplement use and its psychosocial predictors among females visiting fitness centers in Saudi Arabia: Findings from a cross-sectional study. Saudi Pharm J 2024; 32:101966. [PMID: 38322147 PMCID: PMC10845057 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2024.101966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Establishing a balanced diet is necessary for obtaining the required daily micronutrients and macronutrients. However, the importance of using dietary supplements to complement one's diet is a significant aspect to consider. While studies have reported the prevalence and patterns of dietary supplements in Saudi Arabia, most focused on university students, women in their reproductive life-particularly during pregnancy-or male athletes. Hence, the objective of this study is to estimate the prevalence and patterns of dietary supplement usage, along with the associated sociodemographic and psychiatric predictors among women attending fitness centers in Saudi Arabia. Methods A cross-sectional design was utilized using a structured questionnaire to collect data on dietary intakes such as consumption, nutrition supplements, type of nutrition supplements, and reason for consuming dietary supplements. Data collection occurred in female fitness centers, with participants accessing the questionnaires through QR codes linked to online Google forms. The dietary usage was assessed using a structured questionnaire developed by the study authors, and depressive and anxiety symptoms were assessed using the PHQ-9 and the GAD-7 scales, respectively. SPSS 23.0 was utilized to analyze the data, and a multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the association between sociodemographic and psychiatric predictors and patterns of dietary supplement usage. The results were presented by reporting an unadjusted and adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with 95 % Confidence Intervals (CIs). Results The total number of participants in this study was 453 women. Half of the 453 women (46.1 %) consumed dietary supplements, and (84.0 %) reported taking proteins, caffeine, creatinine, mineral salts, fish oil, and/or amino acids or a combination of these dietary supplements. A considerable number of women (41.0 %) reported that a doctor, dietitian, or trainer motivated them to take the dietary supplement, and (38.0 %) of women self-prescribed dietary supplements. More than half (51 %) of the women consumed dietary supplements to compensate for nutrient deficiency, and 48 % used them to improve their health. Women who did not work to earn were 53 % less likely to consume dietary supplements (AOR = 0.47; [95 % CI: 0.30-0.72]) than women who reported working to earn either in the private or government sector. Depressed women were (42 %) less likely to consume dietary supplements than non-depressed women (AOR = 0.58; [95 % CI: 0.33-0.99]) after adjusting for sociodemographic variables and other medical conditions. Conclusion It has been evident that a large proportion of women enrolled in the fitness center report consuming dietary supplements, mostly to compensate for energy and to improve overall health. The findings highlight that non-working and depressed women were less likely to use dietary supplements than their counterparts. By understanding these patterns, the community can tailor health interventions and policies to ensure equitable access to proper dietary support, especially for those facing challenges like depression and unemployment. Future research on a larger sample of women outside fitness centers is encouraged to explore further dietary supplement consumption and patterns among diverse population groups, and to ultimately develop health guidelines for the appropriate use of supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shuaa N. Khdary
- Department of Psychiatry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Esraa A. Sambas
- Department of Psychiatry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Norah A. Aldakhil
- Department of Psychiatry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Alaa A. Alsulmi
- Department of Psychiatry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad D. Alosaimi
- Department of Psychiatry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Kamiński M, Miętkiewska-Dolecka M, Kręgielska-Narożna M, Bogdański P. Popularity of Surgical and Pharmacological Obesity Treatment Methods Searched by Google Users: the Retrospective Analysis of Google Trends Statistics in 2004-2022. Obes Surg 2024; 34:882-891. [PMID: 38103152 PMCID: PMC10899289 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-023-06971-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Many individuals search for obesity treatment options on the Internet. We aimed to analyze the popularity of pharmacological and surgical obesity treatment methods searched by Google users. MATERIAL AND METHODS We used Google Trends to identify topics representing the following: recommended surgical methods (n = 9), recommended pharmacological methods (n = 10), and not recommended pharmacological methods (n = 34). The data was generated for 2004-2022 and 2020-2022. Relative search volume (RSV) was adjusted using "Gastric bypass surgery" as a benchmark. We analyzed the geographical and temporal trends of the topics. RESULTS In 2004-2022, the topics representing recommended surgical methods numerically gained the most popularity among Google users, but in 2020-2022 the recommended drugs exceeded other obesity treatment methods. The most popular individual topics since 2004 were "flaxseed," "Spirulina," "Carnitine," "Bariatric surgery," and "Orlistat." The most dynamic increases of searches since 2004 were observed for "Sleeve gastrectomy," "Curcumin," "Psyllium," and "Bupropion/Naltrexon." Since 2018, topics representing GLP-1 analogs such as "Semaglutide" and "Saxenda" revealed exponential increases in RSV, causing that "Semaglutide" to become the fourth most popular topic in 2020-2022. CONCLUSIONS Google users across the world were the most interested in topics representing bariatric surgery, but recently recommended drugs for the treatment of obesity gained the most attention. The most popular individual topics were dietary supplements with uncertain effects on weight loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikołaj Kamiński
- Department of the Treatment of Obesity and Metabolic Disorders, and of Clinical Dietetics, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Szamarzewskiego 84, 60-569, Poznań, Poland
| | - Maja Miętkiewska-Dolecka
- Student Scientific Club of Clinical Dietetics, Department of the Treatment of Obesity and Metabolic Disorders, and of Clinical Dietetics, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Szamarzewskiego 84, 60-569, Poznań, Poland.
| | - Matylda Kręgielska-Narożna
- Department of the Treatment of Obesity and Metabolic Disorders, and of Clinical Dietetics, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Szamarzewskiego 84, 60-569, Poznań, Poland
| | - Paweł Bogdański
- Department of the Treatment of Obesity and Metabolic Disorders, and of Clinical Dietetics, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Szamarzewskiego 84, 60-569, Poznań, Poland
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Xin RKW, Yee TW, Qin WZ, Kaiyee L, Mohammed AH, Blebil A, Dujaili J, Hassan BA, Lim A. Community pharmacists' knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding counselling on vitamins and dietary supplements in Malaysia: A study on complementary medicines. Explor Res Clin Soc Pharm 2024; 13:100410. [PMID: 38389828 PMCID: PMC10882583 DOI: 10.1016/j.rcsop.2024.100410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The utilization of vitamins and dietary supplements (DSs) among consumers in Malaysia has seen a notable increase. However, there is limited research available on how pharmacists in Eastern countries manage the provision of these products. Objective This study aims to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of community pharmacists in Malaysia regarding the provision of counselling services on vitamins and DSs. The findings will inform education strategies in this area. Methods A cross-sectional quantitative study was conducted from February to April 2022 using a validated online-based questionnaire. The survey was distributed to community pharmacists across Malaysia through social media channels. t-test and ANOVA test were used for data analysis. Results Among the 260 participants, 73.5% were categorized as having average product knowledge. Key concerns included a lack of knowledge about the indications of new products and when to discontinue their use. Regarding dosing in specific patient groups, 33.5% of pharmacists only occasionally consulted references and primarily relied on product labels. Furthermore, 29% of pharmacists believed it was unnecessary to refer patients to doctors when they experienced ongoing symptoms while taking vitamins or DSs. Interestingly, 44.6% of pharmacists believed there was a correlation between the efficacy of vitamins and their price, often recommending more expensive brands despite similar content. Conclusion There is an opportunity to enhance the knowledge of pharmacists in Malaysia regarding vitamins and DSs. Education interventions should focus on areas such as dosing for specific patient groups, when to discontinue products, understanding new products, evidence-based efficacy of products for specific conditions, and providing a framework for appropriate referral to support pharmacists in their practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosamund Koo Wei Xin
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Tan Wai Yee
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Wong Zi Qin
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Lau Kaiyee
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ali Haider Mohammed
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Pharmacy, Al Rafidain University College, Baghdad 10001, Iraq
| | - Ali Blebil
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Pharmacy, Al Rafidain University College, Baghdad 10001, Iraq
| | - Juman Dujaili
- Swansea University Medical School, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
- Department of Pharmacy, Al Rafidain University College, Baghdad 10001, Iraq
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | - Angelina Lim
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Monash University, Victoria, Australia
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Victoria, Australia
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11
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Guan L, Eisenmenger A, Crasta KC, Sandalova E, Maier AB. Therapeutic effect of dietary ingredients on cellular senescence in animals and humans: A systematic review. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 95:102238. [PMID: 38382678 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cellular senescence has been regarded as a therapeutic target for ageing and age-related diseases. Several senotherapeutic agents have been proposed, including compounds derived from natural products which hold the translational potential to promote healthy ageing. This systematic review examined the association of dietary ingredients with cellular senescence in animals and humans, with an intent to identify dietary ingredients with senotherapeutic potential. METHODS This systematic review was registered at PROSPERO International prospective register of systematic reviews (Reg #: CRD42022338885). The databases PubMed and Embase were systematically searched for key terms related to cellular senescence, senescence markers, diets, nutrients and bioactive compounds. Intervention and observational studies on human and animals investigating the effects of dietary ingredients via oral administration on cellular senescence load were included. The SYRCLE's risk of bias tool and Cochrane risk of bias tool v2.0 were used to assess the risk of bias for animal and human studies respectively. RESULTS Out of 5707 identified articles, 83 articles consisting of 78 animal studies and 5 human studies aimed to reduce cellular senescence load using dietary ingredients. In animal studies, the most-frequently used senescence model was normative ageing (26 studies), followed by D-galactose-induced models (17 studies). Resveratrol (8 studies), vitamin E (4 studies) and soy protein isolate (3 studies) showed positive effects on reducing the level of senescence markers such as p53, p21, p16 and senescence-associated ß-galactosidase in various tissues of physiological systems. In three out of five human studies, ginsenoside Rg1 had no positive effect on reducing senescence in muscle tissues after exercise. The risk of bias for both animal and human studies was largely unclear. CONCLUSION Resveratrol, vitamin E and soy protein isolate are promising senotherapeutics studied in animal models. Studies testing dietary ingredients with senotherapeutic potential in humans are limited and translation is highly warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihuan Guan
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Centre for Healthy Longevity, @AgeSingapore, National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Anna Eisenmenger
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Centre for Healthy Longevity, @AgeSingapore, National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Karen C Crasta
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Centre for Healthy Longevity, @AgeSingapore, National University Health System, Singapore; Department of Physiology, National University of Singapore, Singapore; NUS Centre for Cancer Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Agency for Science, Technology & Research (A⁎STAR), Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Singapore
| | - Elena Sandalova
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Centre for Healthy Longevity, @AgeSingapore, National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Andrea B Maier
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Centre for Healthy Longevity, @AgeSingapore, National University Health System, Singapore; Department of Human Movement Sciences, @AgeAmsterdam, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, the Netherlands.
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12
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Kujawska A, Bromage S, Simoes JA, Zupkauskienė J, McMahon N, Zalewski P, Kujawski S. The impact of dietary supplements on blood pressure in older adults: A network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Heliyon 2024; 10:e25615. [PMID: 38380006 PMCID: PMC10877265 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose The prevalence of hypertension (HTN) increases with age and there is a need for effective, evidence-based treatments for HTN among older adults. The objective of this study was to perform a network meta-analysis to evaluate the effectiveness of different forms of nutritional supplementation on reducing blood pressure in older adults. Methods A systematic review using PubMed and Clinical Key was performed to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the effects of dietary supplements on blood pressure in adults older than 65 years of age. Network meta-analysis (NMA) was used to compare and rank the effects of different supplements on systolic (sBP), diastolic (dBP), and mean (mBP) blood pressure. Supplements were ranked according to P score. Meta-regressions were conducted to examine whether treatment effects were moderated by baseline BP and supplementation duration. Findings We identified 144 relevant studies in the literature, twelve of which met criteria for inclusion in NMA. The included studies were published between 2003 and 2022. In reducing sBP, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), inorganic nitrates, tart cherry juice, and vitamin D supplementation were more effective than placebo, and the effect of tart cherry juice outranked that of vitamin D, vitamin E, and vitamin K2. In reducing dBP, inorganic nitrates, DHA and EPA, protein, resveratrol, and vitamin D supplementation were more effective than placebo, and the effect of resveratrol outranked that of tart cherry juice, vitamin D, vitamin E, and vitamin K2. However, the effects of tart cherry juice on sBP and resveratrol on dPB were smaller than the pooled effect of placebo, and none of the pairwise differences between the effects of examined supplements were statistically significant. Caution is needed when interpreting these results given concerns about the risk of bias assessed in seven of the twelve studies included in this analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Kujawska
- Department of Exercise Physiology and Functional Anatomy, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Świętojańska 20, 85-077, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Sabri Bromage
- Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Salaya, Thailand
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA
| | - Jose Augusto Simoes
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Beira Interior, 6200-506, Covilha, Portugal
| | - Jūratė Zupkauskienė
- Clinic of Cardiac and Vascular Diseases, Vilnius University, 08661, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Nicholas McMahon
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Paweł Zalewski
- Department of Exercise Physiology and Functional Anatomy, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Świętojańska 20, 85-077, Bydgoszcz, Poland
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Physiology, Laboratory of Centre for Preclinical Research, Warsaw Medical University, 1b Banacha Street, 02-097, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Sławomir Kujawski
- Department of Exercise Physiology and Functional Anatomy, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Świętojańska 20, 85-077, Bydgoszcz, Poland
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Howard SL, Beaudin SA, Strupp BJ, Smith DR. Maternal choline supplementation lessens the behavioral dysfunction produced by developmental manganese exposure in a rodent model of ADHD. Neurotoxicol Teratol 2024:107337. [PMID: 38423398 DOI: 10.1016/j.ntt.2024.107337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Studies in children have reported associations between elevated manganese (Mn) exposure and ADHD-related symptoms of inattention, impulsivity/hyperactivity, and psychomotor impairment. Maternal choline supplementation (MCS) during pregnancy/lactation may hold promise as a protective strategy because it has been shown to lessen cognitive dysfunction caused by numerous early insults. Our objectives were to determine whether (1) developmental Mn exposure alters behavioral reactivity/emotion regulation, in addition to impairing learning, attention, impulse control, and sensorimotor function, and (2) MCS protects against these Mn-induced impairments. Pregnant Long-Evans rats were given standard diet, or a diet supplemented with additional choline throughout gestation and lactation (GD 3 - PND 21). Male offspring were exposed orally to 0 or 50 mg Mn/kg/day over PND 1-21. In adulthood, animals were tested in a series of learning, attention, impulse control, and sensorimotor tasks. Mn exposure caused lasting dysfunction in attention, reactivity to errors and reward omission, learning, and sensorimotor function, recapitulating the constellation of symptoms seen in ADHD children. MCS lessened Mn-induced attentional dysfunction and partially normalized reactivity to committing an error or not receiving an expected reward but provided no protection against Mn-induced learning or sensorimotor dysfunction. In the absence of Mn exposure, MCS produces lasting offspring benefits in learning, attention, and reactivity to errors. To conclude, developmental Mn exposure produces a constellation of deficits consistent with ADHD symptomology, and MCS offered some protection against the adverse Mn effects, adding to the evidence that maternal choline supplementation is neuroprotective for offspring and improves offspring cognitive functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanna L Howard
- Department of Microbiology and Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Stephane A Beaudin
- Department of Microbiology and Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Barbara J Strupp
- Division of Nutritional Sciences and Department of Psychology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Donald R Smith
- Department of Microbiology and Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, USA.
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Soldera J. Insights into skullcap herb-induced liver injury. World J Hepatol 2024; 16:120-122. [PMID: 38495279 PMCID: PMC10941739 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v16.i2.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
This editorial addresses the growing concern of herb-induced liver injury (HILI), focusing on a unique case of Skullcap-induced HILI report. This editorial underscore the significant mortality rate linked to Skullcap-induced HILI, emphasizing the importance of vigilant monitoring and intervention. As herbal supplement usage rises, collaboration among clinicians and researchers is crucial to comprehend and address the complexities of HILI, particularly those involving Skullcap.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Soldera
- Post Graduate Program at Acute Medicine and Gastroenterology, University of South Wales, Cardiff CF37 1DL, United Kingdom.
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15
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Vaccaro MG, Innocenti B, Cione E, Gallelli L, De Sarro G, Bonilla DA, Cannataro R. Acute effects of a chewable beetroot-based supplement on cognitive performance: a double-blind randomized placebo-controlled crossover clinical trial. Eur J Nutr 2024; 63:303-321. [PMID: 37875637 PMCID: PMC10799154 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-023-03265-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dietary nitrate (NO3-) has been shown to be useful as an ergogenic aid with potential applications in health and disease (e.g., blood pressure control). However, there is no consensus about the effects of dietary NO3- or beetroot (BR) juice supplementation on cognitive function. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of a single dose of a chewable BR-based supplement on cognitive performance. METHODS A double-blind randomized placebo-controlled two-period crossover clinical trial was carried out based on the extension of the CONSORT guidelines for randomized crossover trials. A total of 44 participants (24 F; 20 M; 32.7 [12.5] years; 66.3 [9.0] kg; 170 [9.2] cm; 22.8 [1.4] kg/m2) were randomly allocated to receive first either four BR-based chewable tablets (BR-CT) containing 3 g of a Beta vulgaris extract (RedNite®) or four tablets of a placebo (maltodextrin). A 4-day washout period was used before crossover. Ninety minutes after ingestion of the treatments, a neuropsychological testing battery was administered in each period. The trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov NCT05509075. RESULTS Significant improvements with moderate effect size were found on memory consolidation at the short and long term only after BR-CT supplementation via the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test immediate (+ 20.69%) and delayed (+ 12.34%) recalls. Likewise, enhancement on both frontal lobe functions (+ 2.57%) and cognitive flexibility (+ 11.16%) were detected after BR-CT. There was no significant change (p < 0.05) on verbal memory of short-term digits, working memory and information processing speed. Mixed results were found on mood and anxiety through the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-Y1 and STAI-Y2); however, sequence and period effects were seen on STAI-Y2. CONCLUSIONS The acute administration of a chewable BR-based supplement improves certain aspects of cognitive function in healthy females and males, particularly memory capacity and frontal skills.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Grazia Vaccaro
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Magna Graecia, Catanzaro, Italy
| | | | - Erika Cione
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
- Galascreen Laboratories, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
| | - Luca Gallelli
- Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacovigilance Operative Unit, Department of Health Science, University of Magna Graecia, Mater Domini Hospital, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Giovambattista De Sarro
- Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacovigilance Operative Unit, Department of Health Science, University of Magna Graecia, Mater Domini Hospital, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Diego A Bonilla
- Research Division, Dynamical Business and Science Society-DBSS International SAS, 110861, Bogotá, Colombia
- Research Group in Physical Activity, Sports and Health Sciences (GICAFS), Universidad de Córdoba, 230002, Montería, Colombia
- Research Group in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas, 110311, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Roberto Cannataro
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy.
- Galascreen Laboratories, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy.
- Research Division, Dynamical Business and Science Society-DBSS International SAS, 110861, Bogotá, Colombia.
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16
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Blanc-Petitjean P, Jézequel M, Manunta A, Olivari-Philiponnet C, Samson E, Bajeux E. Folic acid supplementation use during the peri-conceptional period among professionals of a hospital in France. Prev Med Rep 2024; 38:102568. [PMID: 38283960 PMCID: PMC10821631 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2023.102568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Folic acid insufficiency is an important risk factor for congenital neural tube defects. Despite recommendations and national campaigns, the proportion of women taking folic acid in the peri-conceptional period remains insufficient worldwide. We describe in this study the proportion of peri-conceptional folic acid supplementation use and its determinants among a population of hospital workers during the course of a prevention campaign. We performed a single-center cross sectional study in a university hospital in France. Data were collected during 2 months in 2019 by an online questionnaire sent to all professionals. We collected information about folic acid supplementation use, its modalities (form, period, frequency and dosage) and reason for initiating or not supplementation. Response rate was 11.4 % (n = 1,075/9,447). Among the 748 women who reported at least one pregnancy, 72.7 % (95 % CI: 69.4-76.0 %) reported taking folic acid during their last pregnancy. Main reason for initiating supplementation was information given by a health professional (87.8 %), especially by gynaecologists-obstetricians. Principal factors associated with folic acid supplementation use were age between 25 and 35 years, high level of education and recent pregnancy. Folic acid supplementation use is still not systematic before and during pregnancy, even among health professionals. There is a case for mandatory folic acid fortification for the French general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Blanc-Petitjean
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Rennes University Hospital, Rennes 1 University, Rennes, France
| | - Magali Jézequel
- Centre de référence spina bifida et dysraphismes, Rennes University Hospital, France
| | - Andrea Manunta
- Centre de référence spina bifida et dysraphismes, Rennes University Hospital, France
- Department of Urological Surgery, Clinique Mutualiste La Sagesse, Rennes, France
| | | | - Emmanuelle Samson
- Centre de référence spina bifida et dysraphismes, Rennes University Hospital, France
| | - Emma Bajeux
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Rennes University Hospital, Rennes 1 University, Rennes, France
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17
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Eslami O, Cuskelly GJ, O'Connor Á. Adherence to vitamin D supplementation guidelines in children under five years of age: a systematic literature review. Eur J Nutr 2024; 63:79-92. [PMID: 37792100 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-023-03255-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Despite the presence of guidelines on vitamin D supplementation in infants and young children, little is known about parental adherence to their recommendations. This review aims to summarise the evidence from observational studies investigating adherence to vitamin D supplementation guidelines in children under five years of age. METHODS Databases of PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and CINAHL were searched from January 2000 until July 2022. Qualitative data synthesis was used to summarise evidence on supplementation adherence. The adherence rate was categorised as low, moderate, and high if it was ≤ 50%, between 50 and 70%, and ≥ 70%, respectively. RESULTS Eleven studies investigating adherence to eight different vitamin D supplementation guidelines from European countries, USA and Canada were included. The majority of studies were cross-sectional and conducted among infants. Overall, the adherence rate ranged between 14.29% and 95.6%. Low, moderate, and high adherence to supplementation guidelines were reported in six, three, and two studies, respectively. CONCLUSION There is generally poor adherence to vitamin D supplementation guidelines in children under five years of age. Nevertheless, the evidence comes from a limited number of studies, mainly conducted in infants, with high methodological heterogeneity in terms of the vitamin D supplementation guideline assessed and the definition of supplementation adherence in the study population. Further research is warranted to identify effective health promotion interventions to increase supplementation adherence and reduce the risk of vitamin D deficiency at this critical life stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omid Eslami
- SHE Research Group, Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Technological University of the Shannon, Athlone, Ireland
| | - Geraldine J Cuskelly
- SHE Research Group, Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Technological University of the Shannon, Athlone, Ireland
| | - Áine O'Connor
- SHE Research Group, Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Technological University of the Shannon, Athlone, Ireland.
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18
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Šelb J, Cvetko F, Deutsch L, Bedrač L, Kuščer E, Maier AB. Personalization matters: the effect of sex in multivitamin-multimineral-based cancer prevention. GeroScience 2024; 46:1351-1356. [PMID: 37561385 PMCID: PMC10828342 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-023-00882-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevention of non-communicable diseases like cancer contributes to healthy aging. Dietary supplements might support such prevention; their effect likely depends on the personal characteristics of the individuals receiving them. To evaluate the influence of sex on reducing cancer incidence with multivitamin-multimineral (MVM) supplementation, sex-specific results of the efficacy of MVM supplementation for cancer prevention were collected and meta-analyzed (using fixed effect (FE) and random effect (RE) models). Three trials included in the "US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement Report regarding Vitamin, Mineral, and Multivitamin Supplementation to Prevent Cardiovascular Disease and Cancer" were used, namely, COSMOS, SU.VI.MAX, and PHS2. A total of 28,558 men and 20,542 women were included. Multivitamin-multimineral supplementation significantly reduced cancer incidence in the entire population (HR 0.93 [95% CI, 0.88-0.99], FE and RE); sex-specific meta-analysis showed beneficial effects of supplementation in men (HR 0.91 [95% CI, 0.85-0.97] (FE)/0.88 [95% CI, 0.77-1.01] (RE)); however, there was no effect in women (HR 1.00 [95% CI, 0.88-1.14], FR and RE); (Pdifference = 0.17). Sex could influence the effect of MVM supplementation in reducing cancer incidence, with supplementation being effective only in male individuals. These results might be informative for future research and public health policy makers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julij Šelb
- The NU B.V., J.H. Oortweg 21, 2333CH, Leiden, The Netherlands.
- University Clinic of Respiratory and Allergic Diseases Golnik, Golnik 36, 4204, Golnik, Slovenia.
| | - Filip Cvetko
- The NU B.V., J.H. Oortweg 21, 2333CH, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Leon Deutsch
- The NU B.V., J.H. Oortweg 21, 2333CH, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Leon Bedrač
- The NU B.V., J.H. Oortweg 21, 2333CH, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Enej Kuščer
- The NU B.V., J.H. Oortweg 21, 2333CH, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Andrea Britta Maier
- The NU B.V., J.H. Oortweg 21, 2333CH, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, @AgeAmsterdam Amsterdam Movement Sciences Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Republic of Singapore
- Centre for Healthy Longevity, @AgeSingapore, National University Health System, Singapore, Republic of Singapore
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Leciejewska N, Jędrejko K, Gómez-Renaud VM, Manríquez-Núñez J, Muszyńska B, Pokrywka A. Selective androgen receptor modulator use and related adverse events including drug-induced liver injury: Analysis of suspected cases. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2024; 80:185-202. [PMID: 38059982 PMCID: PMC10847181 DOI: 10.1007/s00228-023-03592-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Selective androgen receptor modulators (SARMs) have demonstrated agonist activity on the androgen receptor in various tissues, stimulating muscle mass growth and improving bone reconstruction. Despite being in clinical trials, none has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) or European Medicines Agency for pharmacotherapy. Still, SARMs are very popular as performance-enhancing drugs. The FDA has issued warnings about the health risks associated with SARMs, but the long-term exposure and possible adverse events still need to be fully understood. This review aims to evaluate the adverse events associated with using SARMs by humans. METHODS PubMed database was searched from September 16, 2022, to October 2, 2023. In total, 20 records were included in the final review. Data from preclinical and clinical studies supported the review. RESULTS Since 2020, 20 reports of adverse events, most described as drug-induced liver injury associated with the use of SARM agonists, have been published. The main symptoms mentioned were cholestatic or hepatocellular liver injury and jaundice. Limited data are related to the dosages and purity of SARM supplements. CONCLUSION Promoting SARMs as an anabolic agent in combination with other performance-enhancing drugs poses a risk to users not only due to doping controls but also to health safety. The lack of quality control of consumed supplements makes it very difficult to assess the direct impact of SARMs on the liver and their potential hepatotoxic effects. Therefore, more detailed analyses are needed to determine the safety of using SARMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Leciejewska
- Department of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Biostructure, Poznań University of Life Sciences, 60-637, Poznan, Poland
| | - Karol Jędrejko
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9 Street, 30-688, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Víctor M Gómez-Renaud
- Human Performance Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Autonomous University of Nuevo Leon, San Nicolas de los Garza, Mexico
| | - Josué Manríquez-Núñez
- Department of Research and Graduate Studies in Food Sciences, School of Chemistry, Autonomous University of Queretaro, Santiago de Queretaro, Mexico
| | - Bożena Muszyńska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9 Street, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Andrzej Pokrywka
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacogenomics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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20
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Sirois J, Reddy S, Nguyen T, Walker H, Rendall J, Bergen G, Reimers M, Cermak E, Tiwary A, Helmes E, Palmer J, Teo S, Mackle T, Park M, Wang C. Safety considerations for dietary supplement manufacturers in the United States. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2024; 147:105544. [PMID: 38158034 DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2023.105544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Due to significant dietary supplement use in the US, product manufacturers must understand the importance of implementing a robust approach to establishing safety for all ingredients, including dietary ingredients, components, and finished dietary supplement products. Different regulatory pathways exist by which the safety of dietary ingredients can be established, and thus allowed to be marketed in a dietary supplement. For individual dietary ingredients, safety information may come from a variety of sources including history of safe use, presence of the ingredient in foods, and/or non-clinical and clinical data. On occasion safety data gaps are identified for a specific ingredient, particularly those of botanical origin. Modern toxicological methods and models can prove helpful in satisfying data gaps and are presented in this review. For finished dietary supplement products, issues potentially impacting safety to consider include claims, product labeling, overages, contaminants, residual solvents, heavy metals, packaging, and product stability. In addition, a safety assessment does not end once a product is marketed. It is important that manufacturers actively monitor and record the occurrence of adverse events reported in association with the use of their products, in accordance with the law. Herein, we provide a comprehensive overview of considerations for assessing dietary supplement safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jay Sirois
- Consumer Healthcare Products Association, Washington, DC, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Mimi Park
- Nestle Health Science, Bridgewater, NJ, USA
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21
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Forsby M, Winkvist A, Bärebring L, Augustin H. Supplement use in relation to dietary intake in pregnancy: an analysis of the Swedish GraviD cohort. Br J Nutr 2024; 131:256-264. [PMID: 37565530 PMCID: PMC10751946 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114523001794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
We aimed to study supplement use in relation to dietary intake among pregnant women in Sweden, and adherence to the Nordic Nutrition Recommendations among supplement and non-supplement users. Pregnant women were recruited at registration to antenatal care in 2013–2014. In third trimester, supplement use was collected using a questionnaire, and dietary intake was collected using a FFQ. The majority (64 %) of the 1044 women reported use of one or more supplements. Among all, 0–23 % reported dietary intakes above recommended intake (RI) of vitamin D, folate, Fe and Se. Median dietary intakes of thiamine (1·4 v. 1·3 mg P = 0·013), phosphorus (1482 v. 1440 mg P = 0·007), folate (327 v. 316 µg P = 0·02), Fe (12 v. 11·5 mg P = 0·009), Mg (361 v. 346 mg P < 0·001) and Zn (10·7 v. 10·4 mg P = 0·01) were higher among supplement users compared with non-users. Larger proportions of supplement users than non-users adhered to RI of dietary intakes of thiamine (42 % v. 35 % P = 0·04) and Mg (75 % v. 69 % P = 0·05). Among non-users, a minority had dietary intakes above RI for vitamin D (6 %), folate (10 %) and Fe (21 %). The majority (75–100 %) of supplement users had total intakes above RI for most nutrients. In conclusion, supplement use contributed substantially to reaching RI for vitamin D, folate and Fe. Supplement users had a higher dietary intake of several nutrients than non-users. This highlights that non-supplement users are at risk of inadequate nutrient intakes during pregnancy, suggesting a need for heightened awareness of nutritional adequacy for pregnant women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathilda Forsby
- Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg40530, Sweden
| | - Anna Winkvist
- Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg40530, Sweden
| | - Linnea Bärebring
- Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg40530, Sweden
| | - Hanna Augustin
- Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg40530, Sweden
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22
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Tallon MJ, Kalman DS. The Regulatory Challenges of Placing Dietary Ingredients on the European and US Market. J Diet Suppl 2024:1-16. [PMID: 38269549 DOI: 10.1080/19390211.2024.2308261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
The DSHEA is 30 years old and its place in providing legitimate protections for public health through relevant agency oversight has created a patchwork of legal and scientific requirements. In contrast, the European Union has rules on supplements and permitted ingredients. Given the context of a global supply chain for food ingredients any conflict between the legality of ingredients between the U.S/EU can inhibit the economic viability of international trade. The purpose of this review is to contrast these different systems of legislative oversight. The analysis of both markets demonstrates a fragmentation in what are considered legal food ingredients between country wide harmonization and state rules and related interpretation. There are many commonalities in this regard between the U.S/EU, from borderline medicinal classifications to their resultant preclusion from food use. However, the codified legal system existing within the EU and excessive guidance can be viewed as time consuming and inflexible, especially for placing new ingredients on the market. The US in contrast is in a holding pattern for legislative interpretation regarding NDIs, GRAS and possible drug preclusion laws. As we hit the anniversary of the DSHEA recent commentary from U.S./EU central authorities point to increased international co-operation in ingredient safety assessments but whether this results in friction-free access between markets is to be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Tallon
- Scientific & Regulatory Division, Legal Products Group, Ely, UK
| | - D S Kalman
- Dr. Kiran C Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Ft. Lauderdale, FL, USA
- Substantiation Sciences, Inc, Ft. Lauderdale, FL, USA
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23
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Kintz P, Ameline A. Testing for 2,4-dinitrophenol in human hair by LC-MS/MS and interpretation issues. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2024; 237:115795. [PMID: 37844362 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2023.115795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
2,4-dinitrophenol, initially developed for industrial purposes, is used in the synthesis of dyes and various drugs, including herbicides, fungicides and insecticides. Incidentally, it was discovered that 2,4-dinitrophenol increases human basal metabolic rate. As a consequence, people who want to loose weight can abuse 2,4-dinitrophenol. It is a compound of choice for bodybuilders who abuse it in combination with anabolic steroids and clenbuterol. Numerous deaths have been attributed to 2,4-dinitrophenol. Up to now, 2,4-dinitrophenol was never reported in hair. The authors present an original method to test for 2,4-dinitrophenol in hair after methanolic extraction using LC-MS/MS. The limit of detection of the procedure is 0.01 ng/mg and the method was fully validated in the range 0.1-50 ng/mg. 2,4-dinitrophenol tested positive in the brown hair of a subject deceased from acute poisoning at 5.15, 13.06 and 25.48 ng/mg in the 3 × 3 cm segments. As excessive sweating is associated to 2,4-dinitrophenol abuse, major contribution of this matrix must be taken into consideration when interpreting the data. In this case, there was a regular increase of 2,4-dinitrophenol concentration from root to tip. This specific pattern can be the consequence of sweat contamination, i.e., the older hair being for a longer time in contact with sweat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascal Kintz
- X-Pertise Consulting, 42 rue principale, 67206 Mittelhausbergen, France; Institut de Médecine légale, 11 rue Humann, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
| | - Alice Ameline
- Institut de Médecine légale, 11 rue Humann, 67000 Strasbourg, France
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Tsai MY, Huang YC, Cheng BC, Chin CY, Hsu YT, Lee WC. Prevalence and varieties of complementary and alternative medicine usage among individuals with pre-dialysis chronic kidney disease in Taiwan: an investigative cross-sectional analysis. BMC Complement Med Ther 2024; 24:11. [PMID: 38167149 PMCID: PMC10759758 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-023-04311-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) is frequently used in the general population, yet only limited data are available regarding the prevalence of these medications in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Hence, our study aimed to explore the prevalence and types of CAM in Taiwanese patients with CKD. METHODS A cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted by face-to-face interview of 275 pre-dialysis patients without dialysis treatment or kidney transplant at an outpatient nephrology clinic in Taiwan from March 2021 to June 2023. The study outcomes were the prevalence of CAM, CAM types, reasons for using CAM, and sources of information about CAM. RESULTS Overall, 128 patients (46.5%) were using CAM, but no significant differences from non-CAM users in the various CKD stages (p = 0.156) were found. CAM usage was high in the age range of 20-60 years and duration of CKD ≤ 5 years (p < 0.05). The most commonly used type of CAM was nutritional approaches (79.7%), followed by other complementary health approaches (26.6%). The most commonly utilized modalities of CAM were vitamins and minerals (38.3%), and only 27.1% of patients disclosed their CAM use to their physicians. The most common sources of information about CAM were family and friends, cited by 66% of the participants. Health promotion and a proactive attitude were reported by 40% of users as the reasons for using CAM. CONCLUSIONS The present study provides data on the CAM usage among CKD patients and adds to the increasing evidence on CAM use. Because some of these practices have safety concerns, better education from healthcare providers on the risks and benefits of CAM therapy is needed by CKD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Yen Tsai
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, No. 123 Dapi Rd., Niaosong Dist., Kaohsiung, 83301, Taiwan.
| | - Yu-Chuen Huang
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital and School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 41354, Taiwan
| | - Ben-Chung Cheng
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, 83301, Taiwan
| | - Chieh-Ying Chin
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, No. 123 Dapi Rd., Niaosong Dist., Kaohsiung, 83301, Taiwan
- Department of Nursing, MeiHo University, Pingtung, 912009, Taiwan
- Kaohsiung Municipal Feng Shan Hospital-Under the management of Chang Gung Medical Foundation, Kaohsiung, 830025, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Tang Hsu
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, No. 123 Dapi Rd., Niaosong Dist., Kaohsiung, 83301, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chin Lee
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, 83301, Taiwan.
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da Silva AT, Machado RP, Martins ML, Dorneles LEG, Dalmarco EM, da Silva EL, Hinnig PDF, Wazlawik E. Whey Protein, Vitamins C and E Decrease Interleukin-10 in Chronic Hemodialysis Patients: A Pioneer, Randomized, Double-Blind Pilot Trial. J Ren Nutr 2024; 34:58-67. [PMID: 37598813 DOI: 10.1053/j.jrn.2023.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effects of supplementation with whey protein combined with vitamins C and E on inflammatory markers in hemodialysis (HD) patients. DESIGN AND METHODS This was a pioneer, randomized and double-blinded study. Patients were randomized into two groups and stratified by HD frequency. The supplementation group received 20 g of whey protein, 250 mg of vitamin C, and 600 IU of vitamin E; the placebo group, 20 g of rice flour, and microcrystalline cellulose capsules. The interventions were given after HD, 3 times a week, for 8 weeks. The inflammatory markers were assessed: interleukin (IL) IL-12p70, IL-10, IL-6, IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor alpha. For statistical analysis, the χ2 test, Student's t-test, Mann-Whitney test, analysis of variance for repeated two-way measurements, paired t test, and Wilcoxon test were performed. P < .05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS Twenty-three patients completed the study. No significant differences were found in inflammatory markers when comparing the groups postintervention. In the intragroup was a decrease in IL-10 in the supplementation group after 8 weeks (P = .0382). IL-6 tended to decrease by 810.95% in the supplementation group and increased by 732.8% (nonsignificant) in the placebo group. CONCLUSION Whey protein combined with vitamins C and E significantly reduced IL-10 in the supplementation group and could be beneficial to reduce IL-6 in HD patients. Future studies are suggested with a larger sample size, different supplementation doses, and longer interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Teodósio da Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Roberta Pieri Machado
- Postgraduate Program in Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Mayara Lopes Martins
- Postgraduate Program in Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | | | | | - Edson Luiz da Silva
- Department of Clinical Analysis, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Patrícia de Fragas Hinnig
- Postgraduate Program in Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Elisabeth Wazlawik
- Postgraduate Program in Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil.
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26
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Wu C, Mulakaluri A, Chaurasia P, Suryanarayana S, Singh A, Krauss N, Tahir P, Elder C, Puthiyedath R, Dhruva A. A scoping review of Ayurvedic rasayana adaptogens in oncology. J Ayurveda Integr Med 2024; 15:100879. [PMID: 38301299 PMCID: PMC10847161 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaim.2023.100879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Rasayanas are Ayurvedic natural products that have adaptogenic effects. The extensive research on rasayanas in oncology is not currently well summarized. The aim of this review is to investigate the range and nature of the current body of research, identify gaps in knowledge, and to summarize the existing literature as it relates to Ayurvedic rasayanas and oncology. MATERIALS AND METHODS A comprehensive literature search of fifteen Ayurvedic adaptogen rasayanas was conducted using three main concepts: Ayurvedic herbal terms, neoplasm terms, and oncological pathways. After screening was performed, key variables were extracted (tagged) including type of adaptogen, cancer type, type of study design, constituent type, and mechanisms of action (MOA). The results were synthesized and summarized using descriptive statistics and narrative summaries. RESULTS Five hundred and eighty-four articles were reviewed and tagged. The two most tagged adaptogens were Glycyrrhiza glabra (Yashthimadhu/licorice) (n = 166 (28.4 %)) and Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha) (n = 151 (25.9 %)). The most frequently tagged cancer diagnostic categories were gastrointestinal (n = 175 (30 %)), and breast (n = 126 (21 %)). Most of the articles focused on in vitro studies (n = 470 (80.3 %)). Of the 12 MOA tags, the most frequently tagged was apoptosis (n = 298 (29.2 %)). CONCLUSION A large body of pre-clinical literature exists on adaptogen rasayanas in oncology, indicating this field of research is still in its early phase. Comparatively few studies focused on the effects on the immune system. Given the growing interest in immuno-oncology therapeutics and the potential impact of adaptogen rasayanas on the immune system, future research may focus more in this area, along with work that is more directly linked to future clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cairn Wu
- Osher Center for Integrative Health, University of California, San Francisco, USA.
| | - Ashley Mulakaluri
- Osher Center for Integrative Health, University of California, San Francisco, USA
| | - Pranay Chaurasia
- Osher Center for Integrative Health, University of California, San Francisco, USA
| | - Sindhu Suryanarayana
- Osher Center for Integrative Health, University of California, San Francisco, USA
| | - Ambreen Singh
- Osher Center for Integrative Health, University of California, San Francisco, USA
| | - Nicole Krauss
- Osher Center for Integrative Health, University of California, San Francisco, USA
| | - Peggy Tahir
- UCSF Library, University of California, San Francisco, USA
| | - Charles Elder
- Kaiser Permanente Center for Health Research, Portland, OR, USA
| | | | - Anand Dhruva
- Osher Center for Integrative Health, University of California, San Francisco, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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27
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Adels K, Elbers G, Diehl B, Monakhova Y. Multicomponent analysis of dietary supplements containing glucosamine and chondroitin: comparative low- and high-field NMR spectroscopic study. ANAL SCI 2024; 40:101-113. [PMID: 37819571 PMCID: PMC10766784 DOI: 10.1007/s44211-023-00433-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
With the prevalence of glucosamine- and chondroitin-containing dietary supplements for people with osteoarthritis in the marketplace, it is important to have an accurate and reproducible analytical method for the quantitation of these compounds in finished products. NMR spectroscopic method based both on low- (80 MHz) and high- (500-600 MHz) field NMR instrumentation was established, compared and validated for the determination of chondroitin sulfate and glucosamine in dietary supplements. The proposed method was applied for analysis of 20 different dietary supplements. In the majority of cases, quantification results obtained on the low-field NMR spectrometer are similar to those obtained with high-field 500-600 MHz NMR devices. Validation results in terms of accuracy, precision, reproducibility, limit of detection and recovery demonstrated that the developed method is fit for purpose for the marketed products. The NMR method was extended to the analysis of methylsulfonylmethane, adulterant maltodextrin, acetate and inorganic ions. Low-field NMR can be a quicker and cheaper alternative to more expensive high-field NMR measurements for quality control of the investigated dietary supplements. High-field NMR instrumentation can be more favorable for samples with complex composition due to better resolution, simultaneously giving the possibility of analysis of inorganic species such as potassium and chloride.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaudia Adels
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, FH Aachen University of Applied Sciences, Heinrich-Mußmann-Straße 1-5, 52428, Jülich, Germany
| | - Gereon Elbers
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, FH Aachen University of Applied Sciences, Heinrich-Mußmann-Straße 1-5, 52428, Jülich, Germany
| | - Bernd Diehl
- Spectral Service AG, Emil-Hoffmann-Straße 33, 50996, Cologne, Germany
| | - Yulia Monakhova
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, FH Aachen University of Applied Sciences, Heinrich-Mußmann-Straße 1-5, 52428, Jülich, Germany.
- Spectral Service AG, Emil-Hoffmann-Straße 33, 50996, Cologne, Germany.
- Institute of Chemistry, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya Street 83, 410012, Saratov, Russia.
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28
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Trabert M, Seifert R. Critical analysis of ginkgo preparations: comparison of approved drugs and dietary supplements marketed in Germany. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2024; 397:451-461. [PMID: 37470803 PMCID: PMC10771617 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02602-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Demographic change is taking place in the population of western industrialized countries, and the population is aging constantly. As a result, the mortality rate of patients due to dementia is rising steadily. To counteract this, the relevance of neuroprotective agents is increasing. Preparations from the medicinal tree species Ginkgo biloba ("gingko") are becoming increasingly popular. In this study, 63 ginkgo preparations marketed in Germany were analyzed. The following data were collected from the package inserts of the preparations: Country of manufacture, approval as a drug, compliance to target values of flavone glycosides, compliance to target values of terpene lactones, compliance to target values of ginkgolic acids, dosage per unit in milligrams (mg), duration of use, interactions with other drugs, contraindications, adverse effects and daily defined dose costs. In the next step, these data were compared in the following form: Total preparations versus preparations with drug approval versus dietary supplements. Almost without exception, the results indicate a pharmaceutical reliability of the preparations with drug approval and a dubious reliability of the preparations marketed as dietary supplements. Thus, ginkgo preparations marketed as dietary supplements appear to have an economic rather than a medical focus. We discuss the evidence of efficacy, and other criteria mentioned above, to evaluate the adequacy of the costs for the statutory health insurance that pay for preparations with drug approval in Germany. From the analysis of our results it is very doubtful that ginkgo biloba extract preparations of the food industry have any health benefit. It must be evaluated whether prohibition of selling ginkgo biloba extract as a dietary supplement is an option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milan Trabert
- Institute of Pharmacology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, D-30625, Hanover, Germany
| | - Roland Seifert
- Institute of Pharmacology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, D-30625, Hanover, Germany.
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29
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Yuan D, Guo Y, Pu F, Yang C, Xiao X, Du H, He J, Lu S. Opportunities and challenges in enhancing the bioavailability and bioactivity of dietary flavonoids: A novel delivery system perspective. Food Chem 2024; 430:137115. [PMID: 37566979 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Flavonoids have multiple favorable bioactivities including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antitumor. Currently, flavonoid-containing dietary supplements are widely tested in clinical trials for the prevention and/or treatment of multiple diseases. However, the clinical application of flavonoids is largely compromised by their low bioavailability and bioactivity, probably due to their poor aqueous solubility, intensive metabolism, and low systemic absorption. Therefore, formulating flavonoids into novel delivery systems is a promising approach for overcoming these drawbacks. In this review, we highlight the opportunities and challenges in the clinical use of dietary flavonoids from the perspective of novel delivery systems. First, the classification, sources, and bioactivity of dietary flavonoids are described. Second, the progress of clinical research on flavonoid-based dietary supplements is systematically summarized. Finally, novel delivery systems developed to improve the bioavailability and bioactivity of flavonoids are discussed in detail to broaden the clinical application of dietary flavonoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Yuan
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, PR China; Research Center for Pharmaceutical Preparations, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, PR China
| | - Yujie Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, PR China; Research Center for Pharmaceutical Preparations, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, PR China
| | - Feiyan Pu
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, PR China; Research Center for Pharmaceutical Preparations, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, PR China
| | - Can Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, PR China; Research Center for Pharmaceutical Preparations, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, PR China
| | - Xuecheng Xiao
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, PR China; Research Center for Pharmaceutical Preparations, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, PR China
| | - Hongzhi Du
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, PR China; Research Center for Pharmaceutical Preparations, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, PR China.
| | - Jianhua He
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, PR China; Research Center for Pharmaceutical Preparations, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, PR China.
| | - Shan Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, PR China; Research Center for Pharmaceutical Preparations, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, PR China.
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30
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Rahmani M, Pakkhesal S, Baharomid S, Karimi H, Mosaddeghi-Heris R, Talebi M, Aghaei N, Rahimi-Mamaghani A, Sanaie S, Naseri A. Shining a Light on Selenium: a Meta-analysis of Supplementation in Multiple Sclerosis. Biol Trace Elem Res 2023:10.1007/s12011-023-04026-y. [PMID: 38155333 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-04026-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic immune-mediated demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. Selenium is a trace element with significant antioxidant activity. This study aimed to seek evidence concerning selenium supplementation in MS. A systematic search was performed on PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Embase databases to identify the studies assessing the consumption rate, efficacy, and safety of selenium and selenium-containing supplementations in MS patients. The meta-analysis was performed using the Comprehensive Meta-Analysis and the risk of bias was evaluated using the Joanna Briggs Institute's critical appraisal tools. A total of 9 studies were included, which consisted of six studies regarding the rate of selenium supplement consumption in MS patients, with a total sample size of 2381 patients. Based on the quantitative synthesis, 14.3% (95% CI, 12.8-16.0%; I2, 3.58%) of MS patients had current selenium supplements usage, and 11.3% (95% CI, 7.6-16.6%; I2, 81.40%) of patients had used selenium supplements previously. Although there is no evidence regarding supplementation with selenium alone, three RCT studies reported the safety of selenium-containing supplementation use in MS with improved inflammation and oxidative stress conditions. The findings of this study show that over 10% of patients with MS used selenium supplements, with no clinical significance supporting the benefits. There is a lack of evidence regarding the safety and efficacy of selenium supplements in MS patients. Due to the limited number of included studies and the lack of comprehensive and specific studies regarding selenium supplements in MS, the results must be interpreted with caution, and future clinical trials are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrab Rahmani
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sina Pakkhesal
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Saman Baharomid
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hanie Karimi
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Mosaddeghi-Heris
- Neurosciences Research Center (NSRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mahnaz Talebi
- Neurosciences Research Center (NSRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Negar Aghaei
- Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Alireza Rahimi-Mamaghani
- Clinical Research Development Unit of Tabriz Valiasr Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sarvin Sanaie
- Neurosciences Research Center (NSRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- Faculty of Medicine, Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Golgasht Street, Tabriz, East Azerbaijan, Iran.
| | - Amirreza Naseri
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- Research Center for Evidence-Based Medicine, Iranian EBM Centre: A Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Center of Excellence, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- Tabriz USERN Office, Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tabriz, Iran.
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Patel V, Aggarwal K, Dhawan A, Singh B, Shah P, Sawhney A, Jain R. Protein supplementation: the double-edged sword. Proc AMIA Symp 2023; 37:118-126. [PMID: 38174000 PMCID: PMC10761008 DOI: 10.1080/08998280.2023.2280417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Protein supplements are widely consumed by athletes as well as young adults and teenagers going to the gym and are an excellent source to increase protein intake, build muscle mass, and enhance recovery. They are available in the form of powders, gummies, protein bars, and ready-to-drink shakes and have been shown to have effects on almost every system in the body. Subjects consuming whey protein-based supplements regularly show significantly lower systolic blood pressure, while subjects who consume soy-based protein supplements have been reported to show a significant decrease in their systolic and diastolic blood pressures. Favorable effects of soy protein consumption have been observed on the serum lipid profile, with significant decreases in serum low-density lipoprotein and triglyceride levels. Lower postprandial glucose levels have been observed in diabetic subjects as well, which can be attributed to the lower glycemic index of these supplements. This can lead to an indirect decrease in diabetes-related complications. While these supplements affect the body positively, caution has to be exercised while consuming them in excess, as they have been shown to cause hyperfiltration and increased urinary calcium excretion which can, in turn, lead to chronic kidney disease development. This article focuses on the effects of protein supplementation on the human body, with emphasis on the cardiovascular, endocrine, and renal systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishw Patel
- Department of Medicine, Pandit Deendayal Upadhyay Government Medical College, Rajkot, India
| | - Kanishk Aggarwal
- Department of Medicine, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Ashish Dhawan
- Department of Medicine, Gian Sagar Medical College and Hospital, Punjab, India
| | - Bhupinder Singh
- Department of Medicine, Government Medical College, Amritsar, India
| | - Priyanshi Shah
- Department of Medicine, Narendra Modi Medical College, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Aanchal Sawhney
- Department of Internal Medicine, Crozer Chester Medical Center, Upland, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Rohit Jain
- Department of Medicine, Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
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Gaul C, Zaranek L, Goßrau G. [Complementary and supplementary procedures in the treatment of headache]. Schmerz 2023; 37:448-460. [PMID: 37432483 DOI: 10.1007/s00482-023-00738-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
In Germany, headache is one of the illnesses that most frequently leads to health impairments and to consultation with physicians. Even in children, headache is often associated with restricted activities of daily life. Nevertheless, the level of care for headache disorders is disproportionate to the medical needs. As a result, patients regularly use complementary and supportive therapeutic procedures. This review shows the procedures currently used for primary headache in childhood and adulthood, the methodological approaches and existing scientific evidence. The safety of the therapeutic options is also classified. These methods include physiotherapy, neural therapy, acupuncture, homeopathy, phytotherapy and the intake of dietary supplements. For children and adolescents with headaches, there are studies in the field of dietary supplements for coenzyme Q10, riboflavin, magnesium and vitamin D, which indicate specific effects in the reduction of headaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charly Gaul
- Kopfschmerzzentrum Frankfurt, Dalbergstr. 2a, 65929, Frankfurt, Deutschland.
| | - Laura Zaranek
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Dresden, Dresden, Deutschland
| | - Gudrun Goßrau
- Universitäts SchmerzCentrum - USC, Universitätsklinikum Dresden, Medizinische Fakultät, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Deutschland
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Roth L, Dogan S, Tuna BG, Aranyi T, Benitez S, Borrell-Pages M, Bozaykut P, De Meyer GRY, Duca L, Durmus N, Fonseca D, Fraenkel E, Gillery P, Giudici A, Jaisson S, Johansson M, Julve J, Lucas-Herald AK, Martinet W, Maurice P, McDonnell BJ, Ozbek EN, Pucci G, Pugh CJA, Rochfort KD, Roks AJM, Rotllan N, Shadiow J, Sohrabi Y, Spronck B, Szeri F, Terentes-Printzios D, Tunc Aydin E, Tura-Ceide O, Ucar E, Yetik-Anacak G. Pharmacological modulation of vascular ageing: A review from VascAgeNet. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 92:102122. [PMID: 37956927 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.102122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023]
Abstract
Vascular ageing, characterized by structural and functional changes in blood vessels of which arterial stiffness and endothelial dysfunction are key components, is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular and other age-related diseases. As the global population continues to age, understanding the underlying mechanisms and developing effective therapeutic interventions to mitigate vascular ageing becomes crucial for improving cardiovascular health outcomes. Therefore, this review provides an overview of the current knowledge on pharmacological modulation of vascular ageing, highlighting key strategies and promising therapeutic targets. Several molecular pathways have been identified as central players in vascular ageing, including oxidative stress and inflammation, the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, cellular senescence, macroautophagy, extracellular matrix remodelling, calcification, and gasotransmitter-related signalling. Pharmacological and dietary interventions targeting these pathways have shown potential in ameliorating age-related vascular changes. Nevertheless, the development and application of drugs targeting vascular ageing is complicated by various inherent challenges and limitations, such as certain preclinical methodological considerations, interactions with exercise training and sex/gender-related differences, which should be taken into account. Overall, pharmacological modulation of endothelial dysfunction and arterial stiffness as hallmarks of vascular ageing, holds great promise for improving cardiovascular health in the ageing population. Nonetheless, further research is needed to fully elucidate the underlying mechanisms and optimize the efficacy and safety of these interventions for clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynn Roth
- Laboratory of Physiopharmacology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Soner Dogan
- Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkiye
| | - Bilge Guvenc Tuna
- Department of Biophysics, School of Medicine, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkiye
| | - Tamas Aranyi
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary; Department of Molecular Biology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Sonia Benitez
- CIBER de Diabetes y enfermedades Metabólicas asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Cardiovascular Biochemistry, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB SANT PAU), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Borrell-Pages
- Cardiovascular Program ICCC, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB SANT PAU), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBER-CV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Perinur Bozaykut
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Turkiye
| | - Guido R Y De Meyer
- Laboratory of Physiopharmacology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Laurent Duca
- UMR CNRS 7369 Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire (MEDyC), Team 2 "Matrix Aging and Vascular Remodelling", Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne (URCA), Reims, France
| | - Nergiz Durmus
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkiye
| | - Diogo Fonseca
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Care, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Emil Fraenkel
- 1st Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University of Košice, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Philippe Gillery
- UMR CNRS 7369 Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire (MEDyC), Team 2 "Matrix Aging and Vascular Remodelling", Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne (URCA), Reims, France; Laboratoire de Biochimie-Pharmacologie-Toxicologie, Centre Hospitalier et Universitaire de Reims, Reims, France
| | - Alessandro Giudici
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, the Netherlands; GROW School for Oncology and Reproduction, Maastricht University, the Netherlands
| | - Stéphane Jaisson
- UMR CNRS 7369 Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire (MEDyC), Team 2 "Matrix Aging and Vascular Remodelling", Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne (URCA), Reims, France; Laboratoire de Biochimie-Pharmacologie-Toxicologie, Centre Hospitalier et Universitaire de Reims, Reims, France
| | | | - Josep Julve
- CIBER de Diabetes y enfermedades Metabólicas asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition group, Institut de Recerca Sant Pau (IR SANT PAU), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Wim Martinet
- Laboratory of Physiopharmacology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Pascal Maurice
- UMR CNRS 7369 Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire (MEDyC), Team 2 "Matrix Aging and Vascular Remodelling", Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne (URCA), Reims, France
| | - Barry J McDonnell
- Centre for Cardiovascular Health and Ageing, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Emine Nur Ozbek
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ege University, Izmir, Turkiye
| | - Giacomo Pucci
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Christopher J A Pugh
- Centre for Cardiovascular Health and Ageing, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Keith D Rochfort
- School of Nursing, Psychotherapy, and Community Health, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Anton J M Roks
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Vascular Disease and Pharmacology, Erasmus Medical Center, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Noemi Rotllan
- CIBER de Diabetes y enfermedades Metabólicas asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Pathophysiology of lipid-related diseases, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB SANT PAU), Barcelona, Spain
| | - James Shadiow
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Yahya Sohrabi
- Molecular Cardiology, Dept. of Cardiology I - Coronary and Peripheral Vascular Disease, University Hospital Münster, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, 48149 Münster, Germany; Department of Medical Genetics, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 100 00 Prague, Czechia
| | - Bart Spronck
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, the Netherlands; Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Australia
| | - Flora Szeri
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Dimitrios Terentes-Printzios
- First Department of Cardiology, Hippokration Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Elif Tunc Aydin
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital of Ataturk Training and Research Hospital, Katip Celebi University, Izmir, Turkiye
| | - Olga Tura-Ceide
- Biomedical Research Institute-IDIBGI, Girona, Spain; Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Hospital Clínic-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS); University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Madrid, Spain
| | - Eda Ucar
- Department of Biophysics, School of Medicine, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkiye
| | - Gunay Yetik-Anacak
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ege University, Izmir, Turkiye; Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Acıbadem Mehmet Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Turkiye.
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Chow CM, Cheong PK, Hu J, Ching JYL. Can a microbiota-derived health supplement mitigate adverse events after COVID-19 vaccination in children? Hong Kong Med J 2023; 29:542-544. [PMID: 38035858 DOI: 10.12809/hkmj2210590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- C M Chow
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - P K Cheong
- GenieBiome Limited, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - J Hu
- GenieBiome Limited, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Tarabanis C, Long C, Scolaro B, Heffron SP. Reviewing the cardiovascular and other health effects of olive oil: Limitations and future directions of current supplement formulations. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2023; 33:2326-2333. [PMID: 37788953 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2023.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
AIMS We reviewed the literature to date for high-level evidence on the cardiovascular and other health effects of olive oil with a focus on the amount, frequency of use and type of olive oil consumed in prior studies. A total of twelve prospective cohort studies with sample sizes of at least 4000 individuals and one meta-analysis were identified. DATA SYNTHESIS The majority of cohorts followed individuals aged ≥55 years old, free of cardiovascular disease (CVD) at baseline but at high risk, over periods of 4-10 years and with daily consumption amounts of 10-35 g/day. With the exception of the PREDIMED cohort that employed extra virgin olive oil, most remaining studies did not differentiate between different types of olive oil. Taken together, the data suggests an association between greater olive oil consumption and a lower CVD incidence/mortality and stroke risk. We use this information to evaluate the use of commercially available, capsule-based olive oil dietary supplements and suggest future directions. Notably, achieving minimum total daily doses described in the aforementioned studies would be challenging with current market formulations of olive oil supplements dosed at 1-1.25 g/capsule. CONCLUSIONS Outside of mechanistic studies, little progress has been made in determining the olive oil component(s) underlying the observed health effects given the lack of compositional reporting and consistency across large scale human studies. We propose the use of supplements of varying composition, such as varying total phenolic content, in pragmatic trial designs focused on low-cost methodologies to address this question.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constantine Tarabanis
- Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, New York University Langone Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Clarine Long
- Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, New York University Langone Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Bianca Scolaro
- Louisiana State University College of Science, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Sean P Heffron
- Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, New York University Langone Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Center for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, New York University Langone Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
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36
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Lam CS, Hua R, Au-Doung PLW, Wu YK, Koon HK, Zhou KR, Loong HHF, Chung VCH, Cheung YT. Association between potential supplement-drug interactions and liver diseases in patients with cancer: A large prospective cohort study. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2023; 58:152-159. [PMID: 38057000 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2023.09.919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS The concurrent use of herbal and dietary supplements and conventional drugs can lead to interactions in patients with cancer, of which hepatotoxicity is one of the most concerning sequelae. This study examined the potential supplement-drug interactions involving the hepatic system, and their associations with documented liver diseases, among patients with cancer in a large population-based cohort in the UK Biobank. METHODS Participants diagnosed with cancer and had completed supplement-use assessment after diagnosis were included. Potentially interacting supplement-drug combinations that involved CYP enzymes or increased the risk of hepatotoxicity were identified from four tertiary databases. Liver diseases were identified using ICD-codes K70-77. Log-binomial regression was used to investigate the associations between potentially-interacting supplement-drug combinations and liver diseases documented (1) at any time, and (2) confined to only after the time of supplement-use assessment, adjusting for age, sex and pre-existing comorbidities. RESULTS This analysis included 30,239 participants (mean age = 60.0 years; 61.9% female). Over half (n = 17,698, 58.5%) reported the use of supplements after cancer diagnoses. Among supplements users, 36.9% (n = 6537/17,698) were on supplement-drug combinations with interacting potential involving the hepatic system. Patients taking supplements and drugs who had hepatic comorbidities were more likely to take potentially interacting pairs (adjusted risk ratio = 1.14, 95% CI = 1.06-1.23, p < 0.001). However, no significant association was observed between the use of these combinations and subsequent liver diseases (all p > 0.05). CONCLUSION Approximately one-third of the participants who had cancer and were supplement users had a risk of potential supplement-drug interactions that contribute to adverse liver effect. Healthcare professionals should communicate with patients with cancer, especially those with pre-existing liver diseases, about supplement use and proactively assess the clinical significance of potential interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Sing Lam
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Rong Hua
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | | | - Yu Kang Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ho Kee Koon
- School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Keary Rui Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Herbert Ho-Fung Loong
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Vincent Chi-Ho Chung
- School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yin Ting Cheung
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Hong Kong Hub of Paediatric Excellence, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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Mrozek W, Socha J, Sidorowicz K, Skrok A, Syrytczyk A, Piątkowska-Chmiel I, Herbet M. Pathogenesis and treatment of depression: Role of diet in prevention and therapy. Nutrition 2023; 115:112143. [PMID: 37562078 PMCID: PMC10299949 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2023.112143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, there has been a significant increase in depression, which is related to, among other things, the COVID-19 pandemic. Depression can be fatal if not treated or if treated inappropriately. Depression is the leading cause of suicide attempts. The disease is multifactorial, and pharmacotherapy often fails to bring satisfactory results. Therefore, increasingly more importance is attached to the natural healing substances and nutrients in food, which can significantly affect the therapy process and prevention of depressive disorders. A proper diet is vital to preventing depression and can be a valuable addition to psychological and pharmacologic treatment. An inadequate diet may reduce the effectiveness of antidepressants or increase their side effects, leading to life-threatening symptoms. This study aimed to review the literature on the pathogenesis of the development and treatment of depression, with particular emphasis on dietary supplements and the role of nutrition in the prevention and treatment of depressive disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weronika Mrozek
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Justyna Socha
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Klara Sidorowicz
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Skrok
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Syrytczyk
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | | | - Mariola Herbet
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland.
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Miyasaki AMM, Radigonda JM, Klein RM, Moreira EG. Blood tests and use of nutritional supplements in a cohort of Brazilian children with trisomy 21. J Pediatr (Rio J) 2023; 99:610-616. [PMID: 37353208 PMCID: PMC10594004 DOI: 10.1016/j.jped.2023.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the use of nutritional supplements and blood status (hemogram, lipidogram, hepatic function, inflammatory markers, minerals, and homocysteine) in a sample of Brazilian T21 children with private health support before their first consultation with a T21 expert. METHOD This descriptive cross-sectional study enrolled 102 participants. Brazilian families with a T21 member under 18 years old were contacted and those that consented answered a survey regarding socio-demographics and the use of nutritional supplements and shared the blood tests that their T21 members have collected for the first consultation with a T21 expert. RESULTS Frequencies and percentages were used to describe the variables. The most used supplements included vitamins (A, C and D), minerals (zinc and iron), omega-3, and antioxidants (curcumin). Hypothyroidism was observed in 56.9% of the participants. Hemogram alterations (increased hemoglobin, hematocrit, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin and red cell distribution width, leukopenia, and lymphocytopenia), dyslipidemia, altered hepatic and inflammatory blood markers were frequently found. CONCLUSIONS Nutritional supplements (mainly vitamins, minerals, omega-3 and antioxidants) are frequently used by Brazilian T21 children independently of professional counseling and/or supervision and should be a question to be raised during the clinical anamnesis since some of them may impact medical conduct. Moreover, many blood tests are altered in this population and clinicians should be aware of them in order to warrant an appropriate screening and the implementation of risk management measures as soon as possible and improve the general health of these persons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea M M Miyasaki
- Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL), Departamento de Pediatria, Londrina, PR, Brazil; Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Julia M Radigonda
- Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL), Curso de Medicina, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo M Klein
- Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Estefânia G Moreira
- Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Londrina, PR, Brazil.
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Brzezińska-Rojek J, Rutkowska M, Ośko J, Konieczka P, Prokopowicz M, Grembecka M. Evaluation of the Safety and Potential Benefits of Beetroot-Based Dietary Supplements According to Their Elemental Composition. Biol Trace Elem Res 2023:10.1007/s12011-023-03902-x. [PMID: 37804447 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03902-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
The study aimed to assess the health value and safety associated with the consumption of the chosen 37 beetroot-based dietary supplements (DSs). An optimized and validated analytical procedure, using a method called microwave plasma atomic emission spectrometry (MP-AES), was developed to determine the profiles of 19 elements (Na, K, Fe, Ca, Pt, Zn, Cd, Cu, V, Co, Ni, Pb, Mo, Mg, Al, Mn, Sr, Cr, Ba) in the DSs. The products were assessed for compliance with the recommended daily doses for the chosen elements, and any deviations were identified. Results showed that powders constituted a richer source of elements than capsules and tablets. The exception was iron-enriched products, which provided the highest dose of Fe (3.75 to 25 mg/daily dose). Safety assessment was evaluated in 3 steps, including (1) the determination of levels of Al, Ba, Cd, and Pb; (2) comparison of their content with the permissible contamination limits; and (3) comparison of the weekly or monthly intake of Al and Cd with the provisional tolerable weekly (PTWI) or monthly (PTMI) intake, respectively. The content of Ba was evaluated because of the oral reference dose (RfD). Five products were significantly contaminated with Cd (4-134% of PTMI Cd), two with Al (11-12%), and three with Ba (1.085-1.331 µg/d.d.). Lead was not detected above the LOQ (0.035 mg/kg). Factor analysis was employed to differentiate between the pharmaceutical forms (capsules, tablets, and powders) and determine the origin of the powder contained in the capsules. These results highlight the importance of implementing more stringent control measures and regulatory changes in the DSs market to ensure consumer safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Brzezińska-Rojek
- Department of Bromatology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gen. J. Hallera Avenue 107, 80-416, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Rutkowska
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Gabriela Narutowicza 11/12 Street, 80-233, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Justyna Ośko
- Department of Bromatology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gen. J. Hallera Avenue 107, 80-416, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Piotr Konieczka
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Gabriela Narutowicza 11/12 Street, 80-233, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Magdalena Prokopowicz
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gen. J. Hallera Avenue 107, 80-416, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Grembecka
- Department of Bromatology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gen. J. Hallera Avenue 107, 80-416, Gdansk, Poland.
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Raffoul A, Beccia AL, Jackson DA, Sarda V, Hart JE, Chavarro JE, Austin SB. Associations between weight discrimination and the use of potentially harmful dietary supplements during the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States. Soc Sci Med 2023; 335:116232. [PMID: 37708694 PMCID: PMC10567056 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2023.116232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
The dietary supplements industry disproportionately markets potentially harmful products promising weight loss, cleansing/detoxing, and boosted energy and immunity to women. The COVID-19 pandemic heightened consumer concerns around health and body weight, which may have increased women's risks of using supplements, particularly if they had a higher weight and experienced weight discrimination. This study aimed to estimate inequities in prevalence and change in use of weight-loss, cleanse/detox, immunity, and energy supplements in the first year of the pandemic and to assess the extent to which the relationship between weight and supplement use differs across discrimination experiences. We drew upon longitudinal data from cisgender women in the U.S. COVID-19 Pandemic Substudy of the Nurses' Health Study II and 3 and Growing Up Today Study cohorts, collected over 5 waves from April/May 2020 to April 2021 (N = 51,814). Modified Poisson generalized estimating equation models, adjusted for age, cohort, race/ethnicity, wave, and Census region, estimated the relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI) between weight status and weight discrimination on prevalence of supplement use. Weight status categories were derived from body mass index (BMI), and weight discrimination was assessed using the attributions item of the Everyday Discrimination Scale. Baseline prevalence of supplement use was 2.7% for weight-loss, 3.3% for cleanse/detox, 4.2% for energy, and 22.6% for immune. Respondents with BMIs of 25-29.9 kg/m2 and 30-34.9 kg/m2 who experienced weight discrimination had RERI values of 0.89 (95% CI 0.14, 1.65) and 1.00 (95% CI 0.25, 1.75) for weight-loss and 0.57 (95% CI 0.13, 1.02) and 0.60 (95% CI 0.19, 1.01) for energy supplements, respectively, indicating this group had excess risk of use compared to lower BMI respondents who experienced no weight discrimination. The findings demonstrate the disproportionate impact of weight discrimination on use of potentially harmful supplements among cisgender women with higher weights during the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Raffoul
- Division of Adolescent/Young Adult Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Ariel L Beccia
- Division of Adolescent/Young Adult Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Destiny A Jackson
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Vishnudas Sarda
- Division of Adolescent/Young Adult Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Jaime E Hart
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Jorge E Chavarro
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - S Bryn Austin
- Division of Adolescent/Young Adult Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
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Millán-Jiménez A, Fernández-Fontán IM, Sobrino-Toro M, Fernández-Torres B. Protein supplement consumption prevalence, habits and complications in adolescents. An Pediatr (Barc) 2023; 99:240-251. [PMID: 37770287 DOI: 10.1016/j.anpede.2023.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The consumption of nutritional and protein supplements by adolescents may have important consequences for their health. METHODS Prospective observational study based on a survey of adolescents enrolled in 6 schools selected at random in the city of Seville. Our primary objective was to determine the actual consumption of dietary supplements in the adolescent population and quantifying their protein content. RESULTS We obtained a total of 263 valid responses that showed a prevalence of consumption of nutritional supplements of any kind of 19.01%, of which 56.0% (10.64% of the total) corresponded to adolescents that consumed protein supplements for a mean protein intake of 0.26 g/kg/day (SD, 0.18). The profile of consumers of any type of supplements differed from that of nonconsumers in age, use of long-term medication and weight loss or high-protein diets. The comparison of adolescents who consumed protein supplements versus nonprotein supplements only evinced a significant difference in the control of supplement consumption. Although most of these adolescents were not subject to external control, 25.92% of those who consumed protein supplements were monitored by a professional, compared to 7.38% of consumers of nonprotein supplements. In the group that consumed protein supplements, 85.18% of adolescents achieved the desired effect and 18.51% reported some form of negative effect. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of protein supplement consumption among adolescents in our area is 10.64%, with consumption of amounts corresponding to 25% of the recommended daily allowance of protein. The profile of protein supplement consumers is very similar to that of nonprotein supplement consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Millán-Jiménez
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain; Grupo de Investigación Transhumancias HUM-965, Universidad de Sevilla, Spain
| | | | | | - Bartolomé Fernández-Torres
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain; Grupo de Investigación Transhumancias HUM-965, Universidad de Sevilla, Spain.
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Tsiountsioura M, Cvirn G, Meixner-Goetz L, Ziegler T, Lamprecht M. Effects of long-term consumption of two plant-based dietary supplements on cardiovascular health and low-grade inflammation in middle-aged and elderly people: study protocol for a randomised, controlled trial. J Health Popul Nutr 2023; 42:100. [PMID: 37726820 PMCID: PMC10510179 DOI: 10.1186/s41043-023-00434-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ageing is a process characterised by chronic low-grade inflammation and oxidative stress which could lead to increased prevalence of both physical and mental age-related chronic conditions. A healthy balanced diet, rich in fruit and vegetables as well as omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n3 PUFA), could reduce oxidative stress and improve markers of low-grade inflammation. Nonetheless, considering that a large part of the population struggles to meet current guidelines on fruit and vegetable and n3 PUFA recommendations, fruit and vegetable concentrate supplements and mixed omega fatty acid supplements could be an effective strategy to bridge the gap between actual and recommended intakes. METHODS In this randomised, controlled, open-labelled, parallel-grouped clinical trial, 112 participants will be allocated to one of four arms (n = 28 on each arm): an encapsulated juice powder concentrate, a plant-based omega fatty acid supplement, both or a control group. We aim to investigate whether long-term separate or combined ingestion of the two can affect biomarkers of cardiovascular health, low-grade inflammation and indicators of ageing, including cognitive function, in middle-aged and elderly people. We will additionally explore the effect of the different supplementations on plasma levels of vitamins, carotenoids and fatty acids. Intervention will last 2 years and participants will be assessed at baseline and at follow-up visits at 6, 12, 18 and 24 months. DISCUSSION This study will provide evidence whether long-term, plant-based dietary supplementation can support cardiovascular health, anti-inflammatory processes, immunity and nutritional status in ageing. Trial registration This trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04763291) on February 21, 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melina Tsiountsioura
- Juice Plus+ Science Institute, 140 Crescent Drive, Collierville, TN 38017 USA
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstrasse 6/III, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Gerhard Cvirn
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstrasse 6/III, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Lisa Meixner-Goetz
- Juice Plus+ Science Institute, 140 Crescent Drive, Collierville, TN 38017 USA
| | - Tobias Ziegler
- Juice Plus+ Science Institute, 140 Crescent Drive, Collierville, TN 38017 USA
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstrasse 6/III, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Manfred Lamprecht
- Juice Plus+ Science Institute, 140 Crescent Drive, Collierville, TN 38017 USA
- Green Beat - Institute of Nutrient Research and Sport Nutrition, Nernstgasse 1, 8010 Graz, Austria
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Okoya FT, Santoso M, Raffoul A, Atallah MA, Bryn Austin S. Weak regulations threaten the safety of consumers from harmful weight-loss supplements globally: results from a pilot global policy scan. Public Health Nutr 2023; 26:1917-1924. [PMID: 37132256 PMCID: PMC10478046 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980023000708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To pilot a global policy scan assessing how governments worldwide regulate weight-loss supplements (WLS). DESIGN Experts on WLS policies from thirty countries that varied by World Bank income classification, with five from each of the six WHO regions, completed an online survey on WLS regulation in their country. The survey covered six domains: legal frameworks; pre-market requirements; claims, labelling, and advertisements; product availability; adverse events reporting; and monitoring and enforcement. Percentages were calculated for presence or absence of a type of regulation. SETTING Experts were recruited through websites of regulatory bodies and professional LinkedIn networks and scientific article searches on Google Scholar. PARTICIPANTS Thirty experts, one from each country (i.e. researchers, regulators, other experts in food and drug regulation). RESULTS WLS regulations varied widely across countries, and a number of gaps were identified. One country (Nigeria) has a minimum legal age to purchase WLS. Thirteen countries reported independently evaluating the safety of a new WLS product sample. Two countries have limitations on where WLS can be sold. In eleven countries, reports on adverse events related to WLS are publicly available. In eighteen countries, safety of new WLS is to be established through scientific criteria. Penalties for WLS non-compliance with pre-market regulations exist in twelve countries and labelling requirements in sixteen countries. CONCLUSIONS Results of this pilot study document wide variability in national WLS regulations globally, exposing many gaps in important components of consumer protection regulatory frameworks for WLS, which likely put consumer health at risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Funmbi T Okoya
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Monique Santoso
- Division of Adolescent/Young Adult Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA02115, USA
| | - Amanda Raffoul
- Division of Adolescent/Young Adult Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA02115, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Maya Azar Atallah
- Department of Rehabilitation & Sport Sciences, Faculty of Health & Social Sciences, Bournemouth University, Bournemouth, England
| | - S Bryn Austin
- Division of Adolescent/Young Adult Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA02115, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
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Gholamalizadeh M, Ardekanizadeh NH, Aghakhaninejad Z, Mohammadi S, Majidi N, Masoumvand M, Bakhshimoghaddam F, Ahmadzadeh M, Tajadod S, Askarpour SA, Khoshdooz S, Kalantari N, Doaei S. The effects of dietary supplements in patients with cervical cancer: a comprehensive systematic review. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol X 2023; 19:100217. [PMID: 37575366 PMCID: PMC10412901 DOI: 10.1016/j.eurox.2023.100217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Recent studies reported that complementary therapy including dietary supplements may has a beneficial role in cervical cancer. However, the results are inconsistent. This study aimed to investigate the association between cervical cancer and dietary supplements. Methods A systematic literature review was conducted to summarize and quantify the most recent findings on dietary supplement and cervical cancer. Several databases were checked for relevant publications published in English up to March 2023. Of the 32 articles identified, only 20 met the inclusion criteria and were included. Results Women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia may benefit from folate supplementation against oxidative stress and inflammation. Vitamin D may reduce oxidative stress and may have a therapeutic effect. Zinc promotes the clearance of the human papilloma virus and reduces the chance of viral infection. The use of probiotic supplements may improve the complications associated with chemotherapy in patients with cervical cancer, such as diarrhea and abdominal pain. Radiotherapy and chemotherapy complications may also be reduced by omega-3 fatty acids. Conclusion Some dietary supplements including folate, vitamin D, zinc, probiotics, and omega-3 fatty acids may have beneficial effects in patients with cervical cancer. Further studies are warranted to confirm these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Gholamalizadeh
- Student Research Committee, Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Zohreh Aghakhaninejad
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Public Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Saeideh Mohammadi
- Department of Nutrition, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Nazanin Majidi
- Department of Nutrition, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Masoumvand
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Farnush Bakhshimoghaddam
- Department of Nutrition, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mina Ahmadzadeh
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shirin Tajadod
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, International Campus, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Ali Askarpour
- Division of Food Safety and Hygiene, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Khoshdooz
- Razi Clinical Research Development Unit, Razi Hospital, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Naser Kalantari
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeid Doaei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Molz P, Schlickmann DDS, Steffens JP, Castilhos EDSL, Pohl HH, Fenech M, Franke SIR. Association between the use of muscle-building supplements and DNA damage in resistance training practitioners. Nutrition 2023; 113:112080. [PMID: 37329631 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2023.112080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Little is known about the relationship between the supplements used for sport and safety, especially regarding the induction of genotoxicity. Therefore, more knowledge about a DNA damage possibly caused using sport supplements is necessary. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential association between the use of muscle-building supplements and DNA damage in resistance training practitioners. METHODS Muscle-building supplements were classified into three categories based on evidence of efficacy and safety: Strong Evidence to Support Efficacy and Apparently Safe (SESEAS); Limited or Mixed Evidence to Support Efficacy (LMESE), and Little to No Evidence to Support Efficacy and/or Safety (LNESES). DNA damage was evaluated by the comet assay (DNA damage index and frequency) and buccal micronucleus by the cytome assay (micronuclei and nuclear buds). In the sequence, the adjusted analysis of covariance was performed. This study included 307 individuals ages 37.99 ± 13.95 y (52.1% men), of which 157 consumed supplements. RESULTS The results of the comet assay revealed that participants who used supplements had higher DNA damage indexes (P = 0.018) and damage frequency (P = 0.045) than those who reported using no supplements. Moreover, the comet assay also indicated that the participants who used supplements classified into the SESEAS category presented the highest DNA damage index (P = 0.025) and frequency (P = 0.044) compared with those who used no supplements. However, we found no significant difference in the micronuclei and nuclear buds in the evaluated groups (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION Supplement use is not associated with permanent damage, suggesting that SESEAS supplements are safe for consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia Molz
- Graduate Program in Health Promotion, University of Santa Cruz do Sul, Santa Cruz do sul, Brazil; Laboratory of Experimental Nutrition, University of Santa Cruz do Sul, Santa Cruz do sul, Brazil; Graduate Program in Biosciences, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre School of Medicine, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Diene da Silva Schlickmann
- Graduate Program in Health Promotion, University of Santa Cruz do Sul, Santa Cruz do sul, Brazil; Laboratory of Experimental Nutrition, University of Santa Cruz do Sul, Santa Cruz do sul, Brazil
| | - Juliana Priebe Steffens
- Laboratory of Experimental Nutrition, University of Santa Cruz do Sul, Santa Cruz do sul, Brazil
| | | | - Hildegard Hedwig Pohl
- Graduate Program in Health Promotion, University of Santa Cruz do Sul, Santa Cruz do sul, Brazil
| | - Michael Fenech
- Health and Biomedical Innovation, Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Silvia Isabel Rech Franke
- Graduate Program in Health Promotion, University of Santa Cruz do Sul, Santa Cruz do sul, Brazil; Laboratory of Experimental Nutrition, University of Santa Cruz do Sul, Santa Cruz do sul, Brazil.
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Mirzai S, Laffin LJ. Supplements for Lipid Lowering: What Does the Evidence Show? Curr Cardiol Rep 2023; 25:795-805. [PMID: 37300664 DOI: 10.1007/s11886-023-01903-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE In this review, the regulation, proposed hypolipidemic mechanism, and efficacy of common dietary supplements (DSs) marketed for cardiovascular health are discussed. RECENT FINDINGS Data demonstrate modest but inconsistent lipid-lowering effects with common DSs such as probiotics, soluble fibers, plant sterols, green tea, berberine, guggul, niacin, and garlic. Furthermore, data is limited regarding turmeric, hawthorn, and cinnamon. Red yeast rice has shown to be a beneficial DS, but its safety and efficacy are dependent upon its production quality and monacolin K content, respectively. Finally, soy proteins and omega-3 fatty acid-rich foods can have significant health benefits if used to displace other animal products as part of a healthier diet. Despite the rising use of DSs, data demonstrate unpredictable results. Patients should be educated on the difference between these DSs and evidence-based lipid-lowering medications proven to improve cardiovascular outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeid Mirzai
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Luke J Laffin
- Section of Preventive Cardiology and Rehabilitation, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Mail Code JB1, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA.
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Estores IM, Ackerman P. Integrative Medicine in Long COVID. Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am 2023; 34:677-688. [PMID: 37419539 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmr.2023.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
Physiatry and Integrative Medicine practice approaches the care of patients holistically to achieve recovery and optimal function. The current lack of knowledge on proven treatments for long COVID has resulted in a surge in both demand and use of complementary and integrative health (CIH) treatments. This overview summarizes CIH therapies using the framework of the United States National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, divided into nutritional, psychological, physical, and combinations of these categories. Representative therapies selected based on the availability of published and ongoing research for post-COVID conditions are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene M Estores
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Integrative Medicine Program, University of Florida College of Medicine, 3450 Hull Road, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
| | - Paula Ackerman
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Florida College of Medicine, 3450 Hull Road, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
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Singh S, Lohani P, Priya A, Ranjan A, Nimavat N. Effect of educational intervention on knowledge and attitude about the role of vitamins, minerals and nutraceuticals in COVID-19 and other disorders among medical and nursing undergraduates of a tertiary care teaching hospital. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2023; 56:142-148. [PMID: 37344064 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2023.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE There must be a perfect balance between Food and Dietary supplements (DS) to ensure optimal well-being. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of a webinar on the change in knowledge and attitude about the role of vitamins, minerals and DS among medical and nursing undergraduates so that they could bring about a positive change in popular practices, as well-informed Health Care Professionals (HCPs). MATERIALS AND METHODS The study was a cross-sectional analytical study comprising 12 knowledge and 11 attitude questions administered to medical and nursing undergraduates with the help of semi-structured and pre-validated google form both before and after a webinar explaining the role of key nutrients and also the evidence and recommendations surrounding DS. Data were analyzed using STATA.12 to assess the impact of the webinar. RESULTS There were 415 participants, with 265 medical and 150 nursing students. There was a significant improvement both in the knowledge (4.95 (±1.45), 7.76 (±1.69) and attitude scores (pre-webinar mean score 31.8 (±5.57) post-webinar mean score 27.7 (±4.90))of the participants after the webinar. An overall positive correlation before the webinar changed to a more significant negative correlation, indicating a positive impact of the webinar (0.0054-0.0701). CONCLUSION The study suggests that continuing education informing various HCPs and undergraduate students about the absolute necessity of a diet rich in nutrients, vitamins, minerals, and probiotics is the need of the hour. Additionally, the efficacy and safety concerns, appropriate indications and dosages of various DS should be adequately stressed so that informed decisions can be made. Such training programs might have a far-reaching impact on the nutrition choices of the population at large.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shruti Singh
- Department of Pharmacology, AIIMS Patna, Bihar, India.
| | - Pallavi Lohani
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, AIIMS Patna, Bihar India; Dept of Community Medicine, Madhubani Medical College, Madhubani, Bihar, India.
| | - Aakanksha Priya
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, Bihar, India.
| | - Alok Ranjan
- Department of Community & Family Medicine, AIIMS Patna, Bihar, India.
| | - Nirav Nimavat
- Department of Community Medicine, PIMS, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India; Department of Community Medicine, Dr Kiran C Patel Medical College and Research Institute, Bharuch, Gujarat, India.
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Di Stefano V, Cicero N, Melilli MG, Ganguzza E, Lucarini M, Durazzo A. Proteins and protein components for sportspeople: quality control of dietary supplements. Nat Prod Res 2023:1-7. [PMID: 37306337 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2023.2218974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Quality control of protein supplements intended for a large audience of consumers such as sportspeople is particularly important. A case study on quality control of dietary supplements containing protein and protein components is presented. The objective of the study was to evaluate the conformity of the quantities of amino acids, essential and branched-chain amino acids, declared on the label through measurements with chromatographic analytical tools. 16 sportspeople supplements from different European countries were tested. Analysis of concentrated whey protein highlighted some differences between the label and what was experimentally determined; in these samples some amino acids (6 amino acids out of 19) exceeded the maximum tolerance (>20%) regulated by the European Commission. To a lesser extent, analysis of the other classes revealed amino acid concentrations that exceeded the maximum analytical tolerance percentage. As regards the essential and branched amino acid supplements, it was seen that the declared quantity conforms with that determined experimentally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vita Di Stefano
- Department of Biological, Chemical, and Pharmaceutical Science and Technology (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Nicola Cicero
- Department of Biomedical, Dental, Morphological and Functional Imaging Sciences, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria, 98125 Messina
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Cooreman-Algoed M, Boone L, Uitterhaegen E, Taelman SE, De Soete W, Dewulf J. Environmental life cycle assessment of nutraceuticals: A case study on methylcobalamin in different packaging types. Sci Total Environ 2023:164780. [PMID: 37302605 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The growing production of pharmaceuticals and nutraceuticals, e.g., methylcobalamin supplements, improves the health of people. This study assesses the environmental footprint of chewable methylcobalamin supplements in four packaging types: blister packs or bottles made of HDPE, PET, or glass. A cradle-to-grave life cycle assessment is conducted to evaluate the supply to Belgian consumers of the recommended daily dose of methylcobalamin supplementation (1.2 mg) in case of deficiency. The impact of methylcobalamin manufacturing in major producing countries (China as baseline and France) is analyzed based on detailed synthesis modeling of data points coming from patents. The overall carbon footprint (CF) is dominated by the transport of consumers to the pharmacy and methylcobalamin powder manufacturing in China (while its mass share per supplement is only 1 %). The impact is the lowest for supplements in HDPE bottles (6.3 g CO2 eq) and 1 %, 8 %, and 35 % higher for those in PET bottles, glass bottles, and blister packs, respectively. Tablets in blister packs have for other investigated impact categories (fossil resource footprint (FRF), acidification; eutrophication: freshwater, marine, and terrestrial; freshwater ecotoxicity; land use; water use) the highest footprint and those in HDPE and PET bottles for most the lowest. The CF of methylcobalamin powder manufacturing in France is 22 % lower than in China (2.7 g CO2 eq), while the FRF is similar in both locations (26-27 kJ). The FRF and the difference in the CF are chiefly due to energy use and solvent production emissions. Similar trends as the CF are found for other investigated impact categories. Valuable conclusions are drawn for environmental studies on pharmaceuticals and nutraceuticals: (i) including accurate data on consumer transport, (ii) using more environmentally-friendly active ingredients, (iii) choosing appropriate packaging types considering multiple aspects: convenience, environmental footprint, etc., and (iv) providing a holistic picture through assessing various impact categories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margot Cooreman-Algoed
- Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Lieselot Boone
- Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Sue Ellen Taelman
- Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Wouter De Soete
- Centre of Excellence in Sustainable Pharmaceutical Engineering and Manufacturing (CESPE), Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Campus Heymans, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jo Dewulf
- Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
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