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Costas-Ferreira C, Durán R, Faro LF. Neurotoxic effects of exposure to glyphosate in rat striatum: Effects and mechanisms of action on dopaminergic neurotransmission. Pestic Biochem Physiol 2023; 193:105433. [PMID: 37248010 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2023.105433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The main objective of this study was to evaluate the effects and possible mechanisms of action of glyphosate and a glyphosate-based herbicide (GBH) on dopaminergic neurotransmission in the rat striatum. Acute exposure to glyphosate or GBH, administered by systemic (75 or 150 mg/kg, i.p.) or intrastriatal (1, 5, or 10 mM for 1 h) routes, produced significant concentration-dependent increases in dopamine release measured in vivo by cerebral microdialysis coupled to HPLC with electrochemical detection. Systemic administration of glyphosate also significantly impaired motor control and decreased striatal acetylcholinesterase activity and antioxidant capacity. At least two mechanisms can be proposed to explain the glyphosate-induced increases in extracellular dopamine levels: increased exocytotic dopamine release from synaptic vesicles or inhibition of dopamine transporter (DAT). Thus, we investigated the effects of intrastriatal administration of glyphosate (5 mM) in animals pretreated with tetrodotoxin (TTX) or reserpine. It was observed that TTX (10 or 20 μM) had no significant effect on glyphosate-induced dopamine release, while reserpine (10 mg/kg i.p) partially but significantly reduced the dopamine release. When glyphosate was coinfused with nomifensine (50 μM), the increase in dopamine levels was significantly higher than that observed with glyphosate or nomifensine alone. So, two possible hypotheses could explain this additive effect: both glyphosate and nomifensine act through different mechanisms at the dopaminergic terminals to increase dopamine levels; or both nomifensine and glyphosate act on DAT, with glyphosate simultaneously inhibiting reuptake and stimulating dopamine release by reversing the DAT function. Future research is needed to determine the effects of this pesticide at environmentally relevant doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Costas-Ferreira
- Department of Functional Biology and Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | - Rafael Durán
- Department of Functional Biology and Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | - Lilian Ferreira Faro
- Department of Functional Biology and Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Vigo, Vigo, Spain.
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Lv L, Tan X, Peng X, Bai R, Xiao Q, Zou T, Tan J, Zhang H, Wang C. The relationships of vitamin D, vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms, and vitamin D supplementation with Parkinson's disease. Transl Neurodegener 2020; 9:34. [PMID: 32867847 PMCID: PMC7460797 DOI: 10.1186/s40035-020-00213-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, many studies have investigated the correlations between Parkinson's disease (PD) and vitamin D status, but the conclusion remains elusive. The present review focuses on the associations between PD and serum vitamin D levels by reviewing studies on the associations of PD with serum vitamin D levels and vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphisms from PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Embase databases. We found that PD patients have lower vitamin D levels than healthy controls and that the vitamin D concentrations are negatively correlated with PD risk and severity. Furthermore, higher vitamin D concentrations are linked to better cognitive function and mood in PD patients. Findings on the relationship between VDR gene polymorphisms and the risk of PD are inconsistent, but the FokI (C/T) polymorphism is significantly linked with PD. The occurrence of FokI (C/T) gene polymorphism may influence the risk, severity, and cognitive ability of PD patients, while also possibly influencing the effect of Vitamin D3 supplementation in PD patients. In view of the neuroprotective effects of vitamin D and the close association between vitamin D and dopaminergic neurotransmission, interventional prospective studies on vitamin D supplementation in PD patients should be conducted in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Lv
- Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Xuling Tan
- Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Xinke Peng
- Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Rongrong Bai
- Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Qile Xiao
- Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Ting Zou
- Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Jieqiong Tan
- Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Hainan Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Chunyu Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China.
- Department of Medical Genetics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China.
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Faro LRF, Fajardo D, Durán R, Alfonso M. Characterization of acute intrastriatal effects of paraoxon on in vivo dopaminergic neurotransmission using microdialysis in freely moving rats. Toxicol Lett 2018; 299:124-128. [PMID: 30292885 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2018.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Revised: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Paraoxon (POX) is an extremely neurotoxic organophosphorous compound (OP) which main toxic mechanism is the irreversible inhibition of cholinesterase. Although the cholinergic system has always been linked as responsible for its acute effects, experimental studies have suggested that the dopaminergic system also may be a potential target for OPs. Based on this, in this study, the acute intrastriatal effects of POX on dopaminergic neurotransmission were characterized in vivo using brain microdialysis in freely moving rats. In situ administration of POX (5, 25 and 50 nmol, 60 min) significantly increased the striatal dopamine overflow (to 435 ± 79%, 1066 ± 120%, and 1861 ± 332%, respectively), whereas a lower concentration (0.5 nmol) did not affect dopamine levels. Administration of POX (25 nmol) to atropine (15 nmol) pretreated animals, produced an increase in dopamine overflow that was ∼63% smaller than those observed in animals not pretreated. Administration of POX (25 nmol) to mecamylamine (35 nmol) pretreated animals did not significantly affect the POX-induced dopamine release. Our results suggest that acute administration of POX increases the dopamine release in a concentration-dependent way, being this release dependent on acetylcholinesterase inhibition and mediated predominantly by the activation of striatal muscarinic receptors, once the muscarinic antagonist atropine partially blocks the POX-induced dopamine release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilian R F Faro
- Department of Functional Biology and Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Vigo, Campus Lagoas Marcosende, 36310 Vigo, Spain.
| | - Daniel Fajardo
- Department of Functional Biology and Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Vigo, Campus Lagoas Marcosende, 36310 Vigo, Spain
| | - Rafael Durán
- Department of Functional Biology and Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Vigo, Campus Lagoas Marcosende, 36310 Vigo, Spain
| | - Miguel Alfonso
- Department of Functional Biology and Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Vigo, Campus Lagoas Marcosende, 36310 Vigo, Spain
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Viana GSDB, Xavier CC, do Vale EM, Lopes MJP, Alves VDJ, Costa RDO, Neves KRT. The monoaminergic pathways and inhibition of monoamine transporters interfere with the antidepressive-like behavior of ketamine. IBRO Rep 2017; 4:7-13. [PMID: 30135946 PMCID: PMC6084823 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibror.2017.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Ketamine (KET), a NMDA receptor antagonist, has been studied for its rapid and efficacious antidepressant effect, even for the treatment-resistant depression. Although depression is a major cause of disability worldwide, the treatment can be feasible, affordable and cost-effective, decreasing the population health burden. We evaluated the antidepressive-like effects of KET and its actions on monoamine contents (DA and its metabolites, as well as 5-HT) and on tyrosine hydroxylase (TH). In addition DAT and SERT (DA and 5-HT transporters, respectively) were also assessed. Male Swiss mice were divided into Control and KET-treated groups. The animals were acutely treated with KET (2, 5 or 10 mg/kg, i.p.) and subjected to the forced swimming test, for evaluation of the antidepressive-like behavior. Imipramine and fluoxetine were used as references. The results showed that KET decreased dose-dependently the immobility time and shortly after the test, the animals were euthanized for striatal dissections and monoamine determinations. In addition, the brain (striata, hippocampi and prefrontal cortices) was immunohistochemically processed for TH, DAT and SERT. KET at its higher dose increased DA and its metabolites (DOPAC and HVA) and mainly 5-HT contents, in mice striata, effects associated with increases in TH and decreases in DAT immunoreactivities. Furthermore, reductions in SERT immunoreactivities were observed in the striatum and hippocampus. The results indicate that KET antidepressive-like effect probably involves, among other factors, monoaminergic pathways, as suggested by the increased striatal TH immunoreactivity and reduced brain DA (DAT) and 5-HT (SERT) transporters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glauce Socorro de Barros Viana
- Faculty of Medicine Estácio of Juazeiro do Norte, Ceará, Brazil.,Faculty of Medicine of the Federal University of Ceará, Ceará, Brazil
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Seguin D, Gerlai R. Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders: Zebrafish in the analysis of the milder and more prevalent form of the disease. Behav Brain Res 2018; 352:125-32. [PMID: 28988969 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2017.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Revised: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD) represent a large unmet medical need. Exposure of the developing human embryo to alcohol can lead to life-long suffering. Despite the well documented deleterious effects of alcohol on the developing fetus, pregnant women continue to drink alcohol, and FASD remains the leading cause of preventable mental retardation and other behavioral abnormalities. Particularly prevalent are the milder forms of the disease cluster, representing children who do not show obvious physical signs and who may be undiagnosed or misdiagnosed. To develop treatment and diagnostic tools, researchers have turned to animal models. The zebrafish is becoming one of the leading biomedical research organisms that may facilitate discovery of the biological mechanisms underlying this disease and the identification of biomarkers that may be used for diagnosis. Here we review the latest advances of this field, mostly focussing on the discoveries made in our own laboratory and others with zebrafish employed to analyze the effects of moderate to low level of exposure to alcohol. We argue that the zebrafish represents unique advantages, and adding information obtained with this species to the mix of other animal models will significantly increase translational relevance of animal biomedical research for the analysis of human FASD.
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Vajdi-Hokmabad R, Ziaee M, Sadigh-Eteghad S, Sandoghchian Shotorbani S, Mahmoudi J. Modafinil Improves Catalepsy in a Rat 6-Hydroxydopamine Model of Parkinson's Disease; Possible Involvement of Dopaminergic Neurotransmission. Adv Pharm Bull 2017; 7:359-365. [PMID: 29071217 PMCID: PMC5651056 DOI: 10.15171/apb.2017.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2016] [Revised: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Modafinil is a vigilance-enhancing drug licensed for narcolepsy. The use of modafinil leads to various neuromodulatory effects with very low abuse potential. A body of evidence suggested that modafinil may have anti-parkinsonian effects. This study was designed to evaluate whether modafinil could improve motor dysfunction in the 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-induced rat model of Parkinson’s disease. Methods: Male Wistar rats (180-220 g, n= 98) were used in this study. Parkinsonism was induced by injection of 6-hydroxydopamine (10 μg/2μl in 0.2 % ascorbic acid-saline) into the right striatum. Parkinsonian rats received intraperitoneal (ip) injections of modafinil (50, 75, and 100 mg/kg) and catalepsy-like immobility was assessed by the bar test (BT). Furthermore, involvement of dopamine D1 and D2 receptors in modafinil’s anti-parkinsonian effects was studied. For this purpose, parkinsonian animals were pretreated with SCH23390 and raclopride (the dopamine D1 and D2 receptor anatgonists, respectively) or SCH23390 + raclopride, and then assessed by the BT. Results: Modafinil (100 mg/kg) showed anti-cataleptic effects in the BT. Notably, the effect of modafinil in the BT was reversed in parkinsonian rats pretreated with raclopride (1.25 mg/kg) and/or SCH23390 + raclopride (0.75 and 1.25 mg/kg, respectively), but not in those pretreated with SCH23390 (0.75 mg/kg). Conclusion: Acute administration of modafinil improves 6-OHDA-induced motor impairment possibly through activation of dopamine D2 receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Vajdi-Hokmabad
- Department of veterinary, Miyaneh branch, Islamic Azad University, Miyaneh, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Ziaee
- Medicinal Plant Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR, Karaj, Iran
| | - Saeed Sadigh-Eteghad
- Neurosciences Research Center (NSRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Javad Mahmoudi
- Neurosciences Research Center (NSRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Aghasadeghi MR, Siadat SD, Shafiee Ardestani M, Jabbari Arabzadeh A, Elmi M, Fathi Moghaddam H. Selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor compound 11b improves haloperidol-induced catatonia by enhancing the striatum dopaminergic neurotransmission. Iran J Pharm Res 2012; 11:339-45. [PMID: 24250457 PMCID: PMC3813089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this research was to investigate the Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) selective inhibition effect on haloperidol-induced catatonia. In this study, the effect of orally, acutely and Sub-chronically administrations of compound 11b [1-(phenyl)-5-(4-methylsulfonylphenyl)-2-ethylthioimidazole] (2, 4 and 8 mg/kg), a newly selective COX-2 inhibitor, was investigated against the haloperidol-induced catatonia phenomenon comparing to the standard drug scopolamine (1 mg/Kg) followed by microdialysis analysis of Striatum dopaminergic neurotransmission. The results showed a great potency for compound 11b in improvement of catalepsy followed by enhancing the dopaminergic neurotransmission p < 0.05. In addition, our statistical analysis showed that the protective effect of compound 11b against haloperidol-induced catatonia was both dose- and time-dependent. These findings are additional pharmacological data that suggest the effectiveness of compound 11b in treatment of schizophrenic drug overdoses and also Parkinson's disease (PD) affiliated rigidity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mehdi Shafiee Ardestani
- Department of Hepatitis and AIDS, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Radiopharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Corresponding author: E-mail:
| | - Ali Jabbari Arabzadeh
- Department of Radiopharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mitra Elmi
- Department of Radiopharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Hadi Fathi Moghaddam
- Department of Physiology and Physiology Research center, Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, ahvaz, Iran.,Corresponding author: E-mail:
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Fathi-Moghaddam H, Shafiee Ardestani M, Saffari M, Jabbari Arabzadeh A, Elmi M. The selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor, the compound 11b improves haloperidol induced catatonia by enhancing the striatum dopaminergic neurotransmission. Iran J Pharm Res 2010; 9:387-93. [PMID: 24381603 PMCID: PMC3870062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A substantial amount of evidence has proposed an important role for Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) enzyme in brain diseases and affiliate disorders. The purpose of this research was studying the effects of COX-2 selective inhibition on haloperidol-induced catatonia in an animal model of drug overdose and Parkinson's disease (PD). In this study, the effect of acute and Sub-chronic oral administration of a new selective COX-2 inhibitor, i.e. the compound 11b or 1-(Phenyl)-5-(4-methylsulfonylphenyl)-2-ethylthioimidazole, in a dosage of 2, 4 and 8 mg/kg on haloperidol-induced catatonia was evaluated and compared to the standard drug scopolamine (1 mg/kg) by microanalysis of Striatum dopaminergic neurotransmission. The results showed a very high potency for 11b in improving the catalepsy by enhancing the dopaminergic neurotranmission (p < 0.05). In addition, statistical analysis showed the dose- and time-dependent behavior of the observed protective effect of 11b against the haloperidol-induced catatonia and enhancement of the dopaminergic neurotransmission. These findings are additional pharmacological data that suggest the effectiveness of COX-2 inhibition in treatment of schizophreny-associated rigidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadi Fathi-Moghaddam
- Depattment of Physiology and Physiology Research Center, School of Medicine, Jondishapour University of Medical Sciences, Ahwaz, Iran. ,Corresponding author: E-mail:
| | - Mehdi Shafiee Ardestani
- Department of Pharmacology, Razi institute for drug research, College of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mostafa Saffari
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Jabbari Arabzadeh
- Depattment of Physiology and Physiology Research Center, School of Medicine, Jondishapour University of Medical Sciences, Ahwaz, Iran.
| | - Mitra Elmi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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