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Benoni R, Sartorello A, Mazzi M, Berti L, Sorina M, Paiola E, Varischi G, Tardivo S, Rimondini M, Moretti F. The use of 12-item General Health Questionnaire ( GHQ-12) in Ukrainian refugees: translation and validation study of the Ukrainian version. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2024; 22:6. [PMID: 38218847 PMCID: PMC10788012 DOI: 10.1186/s12955-024-02226-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Following the Russian-Ukrainian conflict, the well-being of millions of Ukrainians has been jeopardised. This study aims to translate and test the psychometric features of the Ukrainian version of the General Health Questionnaire 12 (GHQ-12). The study included Ukrainian refugees housed in Verona (Italy) between November/2022 and February/2023. The Ukrainian translation was obtained through a 'forward-backward' translation. Questionnaire was completed by 141 refugees (females: 78.7%). Median age was 36 years (IQR 23-43). Individuals with a score suggestive of psychological distress were 97 (68.8%). Cronbach's coefficient was 0.84 (0.95CI 0.80-0.88). According to confirmatory factor analysis, both single- (modelB1) and two-factor (model B2) structures with bimodal scoring method fitted the data satisfactorily. The two factors of model B2 had a 0.88 correlation. Pearson coefficient showed a positive significant correlation between the GHQ-12 and International Trauma Questionnaire scores (ρ = 0.53, 0.95CI 0.40-0.64, p < 0.001). The GHQ-12 Ukrainian translation showed good psychometric features being a reliable and valid instrument to assess Ukrainian refugees' general well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Benoni
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
| | - Anna Sartorello
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Mariangela Mazzi
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Loretta Berti
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Marina Sorina
- "Malve di Ucraina" Non-profit Organization (NPO), Verona, Italy
| | - Elena Paiola
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Giovanna Varischi
- Prevention Department, Unità Locale Socio Sanitaria (ULSS) 9, Verona, Italy
| | - Stefano Tardivo
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Michela Rimondini
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Francesca Moretti
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
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Nieto-Tous M, Diaz-Martinez A, De-Arriba-García M, Roca-Prats A, Monfort-Beltrán S, Ivañez-Muñoz M, Alberola-Rubio J, Perales A, Monfort-Ortiz R. GESTACOVID Project: Psychological and Perinatal Effects in Spanish Pregnant Women Subjected to Strict Confinement Due to the COVID-19 Pandemic and Their Evolution during De-Escalation. J Clin Med 2023; 13:248. [PMID: 38202254 PMCID: PMC10779534 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13010248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The lockdown and de-escalation process following the COVID-19 pandemic led to a period of new normality. This study aimed to assess the confinement impact on the mental health of peripartum women, as their psychological well-being may be particularly vulnerable and thus affect their offspring's development. A cross-sectional epidemiological study was conducted among women who gave birth during strict confinement (G0) and the new normality period (G1), in which a self-administered paper-based questionnaire assessed 15 contextual factors and the General Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ-12). For each item, it was verified whether the positive screening rate differed in each confinement phase, and a risk factor study was conducted. For G0, significantly higher positive screening and preterm birth rates were observed in the positive screening group. In the case of G1, maternal age (>35 years), decreased physical activity, and normal weight were found to be protective factors against distress. This study underscores the heightened mental health risk for postpartum women during major psychosocial upheavals (war, economic crisis, natural disasters, or pandemics), along with their resilience as the positive screening rate decreases with the new normality. Findings encourage adopting strategies to identify high-risk women and promote effective measures, such as promoting physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mar Nieto-Tous
- Departmento de Obstetricia y Ginecología, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain (R.M.-O.)
| | - Alba Diaz-Martinez
- Centro de Investigación e Innovación en Bioingeniería, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Alba Roca-Prats
- Departmento de Obstetricia y Ginecología, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain (R.M.-O.)
| | - Sara Monfort-Beltrán
- Departmento de Obstetricia y Ginecología, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain (R.M.-O.)
| | - María Ivañez-Muñoz
- Departmento de Obstetricia y Ginecología, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain (R.M.-O.)
| | - José Alberola-Rubio
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe de Valencia, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain
| | - Alfredo Perales
- Departmento de Obstetricia y Ginecología, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain (R.M.-O.)
- Departamento de Pediatría, Obstetricia y Ginecología, Facultad de Medicina, Universitat de València, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Rogelio Monfort-Ortiz
- Departmento de Obstetricia y Ginecología, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain (R.M.-O.)
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Fleitas Alfonzo L, Taouk Y, Emerson E, King T. Impact of informal care on the mental health of caregivers during the COVID-19 pandemic. J Public Health (Oxf) 2023; 45:e668-e676. [PMID: 37786356 PMCID: PMC10687605 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdad193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Informal care can affect the mental health of caregivers. The COVID-19 pandemic precipitated many people into informal care. Little is known about the longitudinal effect of informal care throughout the pandemic. We investigate changes in mental health in relation to changes in informal care between July 2020 and September 2021. METHODS Using data from Understanding Society, we applied fixed-effects modelling to assess mental health variations associated with changes in caregiving among 13 557 participants (50 430 observations). Hours of weekly care were categorized as 0, 1-19, ≥20. Mental health was measured using the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) as a continuous score and a binary indicator. Main analyses were stratified by gender. RESULTS Compared to when delivering 0 hours care/week, the GHQ-12 scores of women providing care for 1-19 hours/week were 0.46 points higher (95%CI: -0.11, 1.09), while their mental health scores were 0.99 higher (95%: 0.08, 1.90) when caring for ≥20 hours/week. Changes on the binary GHQ-12 measure were only evident for women when providing ≥20 hours of weekly care. These changes were not substantial among men. CONCLUSION Informal care adversely impacted the mental health of women carers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Support programmes for informal carers should focus on alleviating caregiving loads in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludmila Fleitas Alfonzo
- Centre for Health Equity, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Carlton, Melbourne, VIC 3053, Australia
| | - Yamna Taouk
- Centre for Health Equity, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Carlton, Melbourne, VIC 3053, Australia
| | - Eric Emerson
- Centre for Disability Research, Faculty of Health and Medicine, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YW, UK
- Centre for Disability Research and Policy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2141, Australia
- College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia
| | - Tania King
- Centre for Health Equity, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Carlton, Melbourne, VIC 3053, Australia
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Gács B, Tényi T, Pálfi K, Major J, Horváth-Sarródi A. [The role of mental health support for medical students.]. Orv Hetil 2023; 164:1778-1786. [PMID: 37952195 DOI: 10.1556/650.2023.32889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The mental health of medical students is of critical importance during their medical studies, which can be a long and challenging period. Academic expectations, high workload, and emotional stress can contribute to mental burden and burnout among medical students, placing an increased burden on the healthcare system in the future. Therefore, psychological support and mental health services play a crucial role in medical education. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to present and examine the role of the Psychological Counseling Service at the University of Pécs Medical School in supporting the mental health of medical students since its establishment in 2007. METHOD In this study, we present the combined quantitative and qualitative results from the period between November 2021 and May 2023, as registered by the students and staff utilizing the Service as well as the counseling psychologists working at the Service. The data include the number of consultations, the patterns of the most frequently occurring problems (based on the Counseling Professional Protocol), and the mental well-being of the population receiving psychological support (GHQ-12). RESULTS During the examined period, a total of 1111 individuals made use of the Service in 2012 appointments. Both students and staff most commonly sought assistance from the Service in addressing relationship difficulties (37.6%) and coping with negative life events (33.1%). Based on the data collected since October 2022 (n = 113), nearly 10% of the attendees were taking medication for psychiatric treatment, a significantly higher percentage among international students. Furthermore, 38.9% had previously received professional help. The average score on the GHQ-12 questionnaire is 8 points, which is significantly above the 5-point threshold achieved by 78.6% of respondents. CONCLUSION The results demonstrate that the Psychological Counseling Service at the University of Pécs Medical School plays a significant role in supporting the mental health of medical students. It contributes to more effective coping with academic challenges, reducing the risk of emotional stress and burnout. Orv Hetil. 2023; 164(45): 1778-1786.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boróka Gács
- 1 Pécsi Tudományegyetem, Általános Orvostudományi Kar, Magatartástudományi Intézet Pécs, Szigeti út 12., 7624 Magyarország
| | - Tamás Tényi
- 2 Pécsi Tudományegyetem, Klinikai Központ, Pszichiátriai és Pszichoterápiás Klinika Pécs Magyarország
| | - Krisztina Pálfi
- 3 Pécsi Tudományegyetem, Általános Orvostudományi Kar, Transzlációs Medicina Intézet Pécs Magyarország
| | - Jutta Major
- 1 Pécsi Tudományegyetem, Általános Orvostudományi Kar, Magatartástudományi Intézet Pécs, Szigeti út 12., 7624 Magyarország
- 4 Pécsi Tudományegyetem, Klinikai Központ, Bőr-, Nemikórtani és Onkodermatológiai Klinika Pécs Magyarország
| | - Andrea Horváth-Sarródi
- 5 Pécsi Tudományegyetem, Általános Orvostudományi Kar, Orvosi Népegészségtani Intézet Pécs Magyarország
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Burgwal A, Van Wiele J, Motmans J. The Impact of Sexual Violence on Quality of Life and Mental Wellbeing in Transgender and Gender-Diverse Adolescents and Young Adults: A Mixed-Methods Approach. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2281. [PMID: 37628479 PMCID: PMC10454068 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11162281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Transgender (trans) and gender-diverse (GD) adolescents and young adults have remained largely invisible in health research. Previous research shows worse outcomes in health indicators for trans and GD people, compared to cisgender controls. Research on the impact of sexual violence focuses on mainly cisgender female adult victims. This study assessed the impact of sexual violence on the quality of life (QoL) and mental wellbeing (GHQ-12) among trans and GD adolescents and young adults, while taking into account the possible role of gender nonconformity in sexual violence and mental wellbeing. An online, anonymous survey and interviews/focus groups were conducted between October 2021 and May 2022 in Belgium. Multiple analyses of covariance (ANCOVAs) were used to assess the associations between sexual violence, mental wellbeing, and gender nonconformity, while controlling for different background variables (gender identity, sexual orientation, age, economic vulnerability, etc.). The interviews and focus groups were used to validate associations between variables that were hypothesized as important. The quantitative sample consisted of 110 respondents between 15 and 25 years old, with 30 trans respondents (27.3%) and 80 GD respondents (72.7%). A total of 73.6% reported experiences with sexual violence over the past two years (n = 81). The mean QoL score was 5.3/10, and the mean GHQ-12 score was 6.6/12. Sexual violence was not significantly associated with QoL (p = 0.157) and only marginally significantly associated with GHQ-12 (p = 0.05). Changing one's physical appearance to conform to gender norms, out of fear of getting attacked, discriminated against, or harassed was significantly associated with QoL (p = 0.009) and GHQ-12 (p = 0.041). The association between sexual violence and changing one's physical appearance to conform to gender norms was analyzed, to assess a possible mediation effect of sexual violence on mental wellbeing. No significant association was found (p = 0.261). However, the interviews suggest that sexual violence is associated with changing one's physical appearance, but this association is not limited to only trans and GD victims of sexual violence. Non-victims also adjust their appearance, out of fear of future sexual victimization. Together with the high proportion of sexual violence, as well as the lower average QoL and higher average GHQ-12 scores among trans and GD adolescents and young adults, compared to general population statistics, this highlights the need for policy makers to create more inclusive environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aisa Burgwal
- Transgender Infopunt, Ghent University Hospital, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, 9000 Ghent, Belgium;
| | - Jara Van Wiele
- Transgender Infopunt, Ghent University Hospital, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, 9000 Ghent, Belgium;
| | - Joz Motmans
- Center for Sexology and Gender, Ghent University Hospital, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, 9000 Ghent, Belgium;
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Kang W. Factor Structure of the GHQ-12 and Their Applicability to Epilepsy Patients for Screening Mental Health Problems. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2209. [PMID: 37570449 PMCID: PMC10418596 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11152209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Epilepsy, a severe neurological disorder impacting approximately 50 million individuals worldwide, is associated with a high prevalence of mental health issues. However, existing research has predominantly examined the relationship between epilepsy and depression or anxiety, neglecting other dimensions of mental health as assessed by factor scores from the general health survey (GHQ), such as the GHQ-12. This study aimed to explore how epilepsy affects both general mental health and specific dimensions of mental health. By employing a factor analysis and a predictive normative modeling approach, the study examined 426 epilepsy patients and 39,171 individuals without epilepsy. The findings revealed that epilepsy patients experienced poorer general mental health and specific aspects of mental health. Consequently, this study highlights the validity of GHQ-12 as a measure of mental health problems in epilepsy patients and emphasizes the importance of considering the impact of epilepsy on various dimensions of mental health, rather than focusing solely on depression or anxiety. Clinicians should incorporate these study results into the development of interventions aimed at enhancing mental well-being in epilepsy patients, ultimately leading to improved outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weixi Kang
- Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London W12 0BZ, UK
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Kang W, Whelan E, Pineda Hernández S. Using GHQ-12 to Screen Mental Health Issues in People with Emphysema. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2009. [PMID: 37510450 PMCID: PMC10379281 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11142009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Although previous studies have investigated the presence of psychometric comorbidities in individuals with emphysema, our understanding of the impact of emphysema on general mental health and specific dimensions of mental health, such as social dysfunction and anhedonia, depression and anxiety, and loss of confidence, remains limited. This research aims to examine the influence of emphysema on general mental health and its dimensions using the GHQ-12 assessment. By employing confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), the predictive normative approach, and one-sample t-test, we analyzed data from Understanding Society: the UK Household Longitudinal Study (UKHLS), including 97 individuals clinically diagnosed with emphysema and 8980 individuals without a clinical diagnosis of emphysema. The findings of this study indicate that individuals with clinically diagnosed emphysema experience poorer general mental health (t(96) = 8.41, p < 0.001, Cohen's d = 0.12, 95% C.I. [0.09, 0.15]), increased levels of social dysfunction and anhedonia (t(96) = 6.02, p < 0.001, Cohen's d = 0.09, 95% C.I. [0.06, 0.11]), heightened depression and anxiety (t(96) = 7.26, p < 0.001, Cohen's d = 0.11, 95% C.I. [0.08, 0.14]), as well as elevated loss of confidence (t(96) = 6.40, p < 0.001, Cohen's d = 0.09, 95% C.I. [0.07, 0.12]). These findings suggest the need for intervention programs aimed at improving the mental health of individuals with emphysema.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weixi Kang
- UK DRI Care Research and Technology Centre, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London W12 0BZ, UK
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Gutiérrez-Santamaría B, Martinez Aguirre-Betolaza A, García-Álvarez A, Arietaleanizbeaskoa MS, Mendizabal-Gallastegui N, Grandes G, Coca A, Castañeda-Babarro A. Association between Phase Angle and Subjective Perceptions of Health Variables in Cancer Patients. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:1852. [PMID: 37444686 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11131852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The phase angle, an increasingly studied healthcare tool, was studied to explore its relationship with psychological factors in cancer patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the phase angle (PhA), obtained by the bioimpedance analysis of body composition, and psychological factors measured by questionnaire in cancer patients. The study included 311 patients who underwent bioimpedance testing to determine their PhA value; their psychological profiles were assessed using SF-36, FACIT, QLQ-C30, and GHQ-12 questionnaires. Mixed linear regression models were used to analyze the relationship between PhA and the psychological tests. The results showed a statistical correlation between PhA and the GHQ-12, FACIT, and SF-36 questionnaires, with higher PhA values associated with better results on the questionnaires. In the QLQ-C30 questionnaire, a correlation was observed between PhA and the functioning scales (p < 0.001), except for emotional and cognitive functioning (p = 0.148 and p = 0.544, respectively), but not in most of the symptom scales. The PhA is a useful tool for assessing the subjective health perception of cancer patients, especially with regard to psychological factors. While there is a statistically significant correlation, further research is required before confidently applying it in clinical practice. The current predictive value of this predictor for certain psychological aspects is limited, underscoring the need for additional research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Borja Gutiérrez-Santamaría
- Department of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Education and Sport, University of Deusto, 48007 Bilbo, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Aitor Martinez Aguirre-Betolaza
- Department of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Education and Sport, University of Deusto, 48007 Bilbo, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Arturo García-Álvarez
- Primary Care Research Unit of Bizkaia, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Plaza de Cruces 12, 48903 Barakaldo, Biscay, Spain
| | - María Soledad Arietaleanizbeaskoa
- Primary Care Research Unit of Bizkaia, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Plaza de Cruces 12, 48903 Barakaldo, Biscay, Spain
| | - Nere Mendizabal-Gallastegui
- Primary Care Research Unit of Bizkaia, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Plaza de Cruces 12, 48903 Barakaldo, Biscay, Spain
| | - Gonzalo Grandes
- Primary Care Research Unit of Bizkaia, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Plaza de Cruces 12, 48903 Barakaldo, Biscay, Spain
| | - Aitor Coca
- Department of Physical Activity and Sports Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Euneiz University, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Alava, La Biosfera Ibilbidea, 6, 01013 Gasteiz, Araba, Spain
| | - Arkaitz Castañeda-Babarro
- Department of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Education and Sport, University of Deusto, 48007 Bilbo, Bizkaia, Spain
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Kang W. Understanding the associations between personality traits and mental health in people with epilepsy and healthy controls. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1134188. [PMID: 37359879 PMCID: PMC10288102 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1134188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives The aim of the current study was to test how epilepsy could moderate the associations between Big Five personality traits and mental health. Methods This cross-sectional study analyzed data from Understanding Society: UK Household Longitudinal (UKHLS), which relies on a complex multi-stage stratified sampling design. Personality traits were measured by the Big Five inventory whereas mental health where measured by the GHQ-12. A hierarchical regression and two multiple regressions were performed on 334 people with epilepsy with a mean age of 45.14 ± 15.88 years old (41.32% males) and 26,484 healthy controls (42.5% males) with a mean age of 48.71 ± 17.04 years old. Results Neuroticism was positively related to worse mental health in both people with epilepsy and healthy controls with a stronger relationship in people with epilepsy, but Conscientiousness was negatively related to worse mental health in both people with epilepsy and healthy controls. Moreover, Openness and Extraversion were negatively related to worse mental health in healthy controls but not in people with epilepsy. Conclusion Personality traits are closely related to mental health in both people with epilepsy and healthy controls. Clinicians should use findings from this study to detect people with epilepsy who may be at high risk of poor mental health based on their personality traits.
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Kang W. Understanding the effect of angina on general and dimensions of psychological distress: findings from understanding society. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1119562. [PMID: 37304447 PMCID: PMC10248021 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1119562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The current study aimed to examine how the general and dimensions of psychological distress are affected by angina. Methods First, a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to produce the three-factor solution of the GHQ-12. Second, a predictive normative modeling approach to predict the expected scores for 1,081 people with angina based on a model trained on demographics from 8,821 age and sex-matched people without angina. Finally, one-sample t-tests were used to determine the differences between the actual psychological distress scores and expected psychological distress scores in participants with angina. Results There were three underlying structures of the GHQ-12 labeled as GHQ-12A (social dysfunction & anhedonia), GHQ-12B (depression & anxiety), and GHQ-12C (loss of confidence). Moreover, participants with angina had more psychological distress as indicated by the GHQ-12 summary score (Cohen's d = 0.31), GHQ-12A (Cohen's d = 0.34), GHQ-12B (Cohen's d = 0.21), and GHQ-12C (Cohen's d = 0.20) comparing to controls. Conclusion The current study implies that GHQ-12 is a valid measure of psychological distress in people with angina, and there is a need to consider the dimensions of psychological distress in angina rather than solely focusing on certain dimensions of psychological distress such as depression or anxiety issues in people with angina. Clinicians should come up with interventions to reduce psychological distress in people with angina which can then lead to better outcomes.
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Kang W, Malvaso A. Mental Health in Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) Patients: Findings from the UK Household Longitudinal Study (UKHLS). Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:healthcare11101364. [PMID: 37239650 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11101364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Mental health conditions in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) are closely related to clinical outcomes. Thus, this study's goal is to investigate how CHD affects general and specific aspects of mental health. METHODS We analyzed data from Wave 10 Understanding Society: the UK Household Longitudinal Study (UKHLS), which were collected between 2018 and 2019. After removing people who had missing data, there were 450 participants who indicated that they have CHD, and 6138 age- and sex-matched healthy participants indicated that they were not clinically diagnosed with CHD. RESULTS The main findings were that participants with CHD had more mental health problems, as shown by the GHQ-12 summary score (t (449) = 6.00, p < 0.001, 95% C.I. [0.20, 0.40], Cohen's d = 0.30), social dysfunction and anhedonia, (t (449) = 5.79, p < 0.001, 95% C.I. [0.20, 0.40], Cohen's d = 0.30), depression and anxiety (t (449) = 5.04, p < 0.001, 95% C.I. [0.15, 0.33], Cohen's d = 0.24), and loss of confidence (t (449) = 4.46, p < 0.001, 95% C.I. [0.11, 0.30], Cohen's d = 0.21). CONCLUSION This study implies that GHQ-12 is a valid assessment of mental health problems in CHD patients, and there is a need to consider how different aspects of mental health are affected by CHD rather than solely focusing on depression or anxiety problems alone in patients with CHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weixi Kang
- UK DRI Care Research and Technology Centre, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London SW7 2BX, UK
| | - Antonio Malvaso
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
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Kang W. The associations between personality traits and mental health in people with and without asthma. J Affect Disord 2023; 333:102-106. [PMID: 37075823 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the current study is to investigate the associations between personality traits associated with mental health in people with asthma and compare it with people without asthma. METHODS Data came from UKHLS with 3929 patients with asthma with a mean age of 49.19 (S.D. = 15.23) years old (40.09 % males) and 22,889 healthy controls (42.90 % males) with a mean age of 45.60 (S.D. = 17.23) years old. First, the current study investigated the difference in Big Five personality traits and mental health between people with and without asthma using a predictive normative modeling approach with one-sample t-tests. Second, a hierarchical regression accompanied by two multiple regressions was used to determine how personality traits may relate to people with and without asthma differently. RESULTS The current study found asthma patients have significantly higher Neuroticism, higher Openness, lower Conscientiousness, higher Extroversion, and worse mental health. Asthma status significantly moderated the association between Neuroticism and mental health with this relationship being stronger in people with asthma. Moreover, Neuroticism was positively related to worse mental health and Conscientiousness and Extraversion were negatively associated with worse mental health in people with and without asthma. However, Openness was negatively associated with worse mental health in people without asthma but not in people with asthma. LIMITATIONS The limitations of the current study include cross-sectional designs, self-reported measured, and limited generalizability to other countries. CONCLUSION Clinicians and health professionals should use findings from the current study to come up with prevention and interaction programs that promote mental health based on personality traits in asthma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weixi Kang
- UK DRI Care Research and Technology Centre, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, United Kingdom.
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13
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Gomm S, Bernauer T. Are actual and perceived environmental conditions associated with variation in mental health? Environ Res 2023; 223:115398. [PMID: 36738773 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Empirical evidence on the relationship between environmental factors and mental health remains inconclusive. One reason is that there is only scant evidence on the association between mental health and subjective exposure to environmental stressors, relative to objective pollution. We thus focus on how the perceived and actual presence of noise, air pollution, and green spaces relates to mental health. METHODS AND RESULTS Our cross-sectional study is based on a large representative sample of the adult population in Switzerland (n = 5729). Using individual-level geocodes of subjects' residence, we combined data from a survey of these individuals with data on objectively measured longer-term environmental conditions (noise, air pollution, green spaces). Subclinical mental health was assessed with the 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12). When fitting multiple regressions and mediation models, we find that perceptions of environmental stressors are a better predictor of mental distress than objectively measured stressors. In addition, the predictive power of actual nature visits is stronger than the predictive power of mere proximity to green spaces at the place of residence. We found no direct link between actual environmental stressors and mental health, but mediation via perceived environmental stressors. Further, the association between the frequency of nature visits and mental health is mediated by perceived, but not actual pollution. CONCLUSION Since actual environmental stressors are not perceived as equally burdensome by all people, their subjective perception is crucial when evaluating policy interventions aimed at improving mental health. Even a relatively low level of environmental stressors, classified as non-harmful to human health in a physical or biological sense, may thus contribute to negative mental health outcomes. The main policy implication is that attractive and accessible green spaces may provide individuals with an enhanced sense of control over their exposure to environmental stressors and thereby reduce negative impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Gomm
- ETH Zurich, Environmental Politics and International Political Economy, Haldeneggsteig 4, 8092, Zürich, Switzerland.
| | - Thomas Bernauer
- ETH Zurich, Environmental Politics and International Political Economy, Haldeneggsteig 4, 8092, Zürich, Switzerland.
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King K, Allum N, Stoneman P, Cernat A. Estimating measurement equivalence of the 12-item General Health Questionnaire across ethnic groups in the UK. Psychol Med 2023; 53:1778-1786. [PMID: 34498557 PMCID: PMC10106293 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291721003408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study investigates the extent to which the GHQ-12 exhibits configural, metric and scalar invariance across six ethnic groups in Britain and Northern Ireland, using the UK Household Longitudinal Study (N = 35 410). METHODS A confirmatory factor analysis was carried out on a white British group in order to establish an adequate measurement model. Secondly, a multi-group confirmatory factor analysis was conducted in order to assess measurement invariance. A sensitivity analysis comparing summated and latent means across groups was carried out. Finally, revised estimates of scale reliability were derived using two different methods. RESULTS A one-factor model including correlated error terms on the negatively phrased items showed superior fit in all ethnic groups. Tests for equal factor loadings and intercepts also showed adequate fit demonstrating metric and scalar invariance. Latent and summated scale estimates of mean group differences were similar for all groups. Scale reliability using McDonald's ω is lower than when using the more conventional Cronbach's α. Reliability across groups is reasonably consistent. CONCLUSIONS We find that the GHQ-12 does not display obvious bias in regard to ethnic groups in the UK and that valid comparisons across these groups can be made for the purposes of population research. Caution is needed when using as a screening tool for individuals.
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Jorda P, Hullot J, Crouzet A, Poteau A, Carrilho J, De Gournay E, Georgescu D. [Psychological impact of the announcement of an abnormal cervical smear: How to improve patient experience and information? COLANX: a multicenter study in Seine-Maritime]. Gynecol Obstet Fertil Senol 2023; 51:193-199. [PMID: 36804626 DOI: 10.1016/j.gofs.2023.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION When an anomaly in the screening by cervical smear or by the HPV-HR test is detected, the women are called for a colposcopy. Waiting for colposcopy is often an anxiety-provoking situation for women, probably linked to a widespread ignorance of the value of screening and the pathophysiology of HPV infection. METHODS The COLANX was a multicentric study, in Seine-Maritime, conducted with 8 colposcopist practitioners. Self-questionnaires were distributed to volunteer women, summoned for a first abnormal smear result, at the exit of colposcopy and filled out immediately on site. This questionnaire evaluated: the psychological impact of the announcement of the abnormal cervico-uterine smear, its impact on the sexual quality of life, the epidemiological characteristics of the population studied, the modalities of the announcement made of the abnormal result, the satisfaction of the women and their desire for additional information. 131 questionnaires were included, from June 1, 2020 to January 18, 2021. RESULTS 61.5% of responding women presented proven psychological distress, as evidenced by a GHQ-12 score ≥ 2. The state of psychological distress was significantly different depending on the time left by the practitioner between the announcement of the abnormal cytology result and the colposcopy appointment. The GHQ-12 score was significantly different according to the initial classification of the cervico-uterine smear, high in case of suspicion of high-grade lesions in particular. 36.3% of patients had a significant deterioration in their sexual quality of life, demonstrated by an ASEX score ≥ 18. The women were statistically more satisfied when the announcement of their abnormal screening result had been made by telephone or during a consultation, rather than by mail, but no significant difference was found on the presence or absence of distress psychological according to this mode of announcement. 52.3% of the women in this study expressed a request for additional information support, preferably written support (for 89.4% of these women), to be delivered when the abnormal screening was announced (for 76, 5% of these women). DISCUSSION The main results of the COLANX study are consistent with those of the literature, in particular concerning the negative psychological impact in the announcement of an abnormal smear result. CONCLUSION The new methods of organized screening will increase the use of colposcopy for many women. There is a significant impact on their psyche and their intimate life. The issuance of additional information during this announcement would probably reduce this anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Jorda
- Centre promoteur, CLCC Henri-Becquerel Rouen, service de chirurgie, rue d'Amiens, 76000 Rouen, France.
| | - J Hullot
- Centre promoteur, CLCC Henri-Becquerel Rouen, service de chirurgie, rue d'Amiens, 76000 Rouen, France
| | - A Crouzet
- Centre promoteur, CLCC Henri-Becquerel Rouen, service de chirurgie, rue d'Amiens, 76000 Rouen, France
| | - A Poteau
- Centre promoteur, CLCC Henri-Becquerel Rouen, service de chirurgie, rue d'Amiens, 76000 Rouen, France
| | - J Carrilho
- Centre promoteur, CLCC Henri-Becquerel Rouen, service de chirurgie, rue d'Amiens, 76000 Rouen, France
| | - E De Gournay
- Centre promoteur, CLCC Henri-Becquerel Rouen, service de chirurgie, rue d'Amiens, 76000 Rouen, France
| | - D Georgescu
- Centre promoteur, CLCC Henri-Becquerel Rouen, service de chirurgie, rue d'Amiens, 76000 Rouen, France
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Kang W. Global and Dimensions of Mental Health in Arthritis Patients. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11. [PMID: 36673563 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11020195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Arthritis is one of the main clusters of long-lasting musculoskeletal and joint disorders. Recently, there has been increasing interest in the impact of arthritis patients' mental health, which has mainly focused on depression and anxiety in clinical samples. However, much less is known about how domains of mental health based on the widely used 12-item version of the general health survey (GHQ-12) are affected by arthritis. The current research answered this question using confirmatory factor analysis, general linear models, and one-sample t-tests on a nationally representative sample from the United Kingdom with 5588 arthritis patients and 8794 participants indicating that they were not clinically diagnosed with arthritis. The current study found that (1) a total of three factors of GHQ-12 that are labeled GHQ-12A (social dysfunction and anhedonia; six items), GHQ-12B (depression and anxiety; four items), and GHQ-12C (loss of confidence; two items), and (2) both the global mental health and dimensions of mental health are negatively affected by arthritis. Clinicians could use the results from the present study to make better treatment decisions for patients with arthritis.
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Tabrizi FF, Larsson AB, Grönvall H, Söderstrand L, Hallén E, Champoux-Larsson MF, Lundgren T, Sundström F, Lavefjord A, Buhrman M, Sundin Ö, McCracken L, Åhs F, Jansson B. Psychometric evaluation of the Swedish Multidimensional Psychological Flexibility Inventory (MPFI). Cogn Behav Ther 2022:1-22. [PMID: 36562150 DOI: 10.1080/16506073.2022.2153077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Psychiatric disorders are common, and reliable measures are crucial for research and clinical practice. A cross-diagnostic construct that can be used to index treatment outcomes as well as prevalence of psychological ill health is psychological flexibility. The aim of this study was to validate a Swedish version of the Multidimensional Psychological Flexibility Inventory (MPFI). The MPFI has 12 subscales, six of which measure flexibility, and six that measure inflexibility. Using confirmatory factor analysis in a community sample of 670 participants, we found that a model with two higher order factors had satisfactory fit (CFI = .933) and a 12-factor model had the best fit to the data (CFI = .955). All 12 subscales showed adequate reliability (CRs = .803-.933) and the factor structure was similar across age groups and gender. Findings suggest that the Swedish version of the MPFI is a reliable instrument that can be used to index psychological flexibility. Potential areas for improvement of the instrument are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fara F Tabrizi
- Department of Psychology & Social Work, Mittuniversitetet, Östersund, Sweden
| | - Andreas B Larsson
- Department of Psychology & Social Work, Mittuniversitetet, Östersund, Sweden
| | - Hampus Grönvall
- Department of Psychology & Social Work, Mittuniversitetet, Östersund, Sweden
| | - Lux Söderstrand
- Department of Psychology & Social Work, Mittuniversitetet, Östersund, Sweden
| | - Ellen Hallén
- Department of Psychology & Social Work, Mittuniversitetet, Östersund, Sweden
| | | | - Tobias Lundgren
- Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, & Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Felicia Sundström
- Department of Psychology, Clinical Psychology, Uppsala Universitet, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Amani Lavefjord
- Department of Psychology, Clinical Psychology, Uppsala Universitet, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Monica Buhrman
- Department of Psychology, Clinical Psychology, Uppsala Universitet, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Örjan Sundin
- Department of Psychology & Social Work, Mittuniversitetet, Östersund, Sweden
| | - Lance McCracken
- Department of Psychology, Clinical Psychology, Uppsala Universitet, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Fredrik Åhs
- Department of Psychology & Social Work, Mittuniversitetet, Östersund, Sweden
| | - Billy Jansson
- Department of Psychology & Social Work, Mittuniversitetet, Östersund, Sweden
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18
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Kang W. Understanding the Effect of Multiple Sclerosis on General and Dimensions of Mental Health. J Clin Med 2022; 11. [PMID: 36556099 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11247483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of the current study is to investigate how general and dimensions of mental health are affected by multiple sclerosis (MS). METHODS Factor analysis, generalized linear models, and one-sample t-tests were used to analyze data from 78 people with MS with a mean age of 52.19 (S.D. = 12.94) years old and 25.64% males and 38,516 people without MS with a mean age of 49.10 (S.D. = 18.24) years old and 44.27% males from Understanding Society. RESULTS The current study found that there are three underlying factors of the GHQ-12 labeled as GHQ-12A (social dysfunction and anhedonia; 6 items), GHQ-12B (depression and anxiety; 4 items), and GHQ-12C (loss of confidence; 2 items), and the general mental health, GHQ-12A (social dysfunction and anhedonia), and GHQ-12C (loss of confidence) are associated with MS. CONCLUSIONS Effective mental health management in MS patients is important given mental health in people with MS is linked to the onset of MS and exacerbating disease progression/relapses.
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Gebeyehu M, Legesse K, Mondal S, Abdulkadir M, Bekelle Z, Molla A. Effects of structured exercises on selected psychological domains in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Southern Ethiopia institution-based study. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil 2022; 14:181. [PMID: 36224647 PMCID: PMC9558398 DOI: 10.1186/s13102-022-00574-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Psychological disorders are common among individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The effect of exercise training on psychological disorders like anxiety and depression has not been well studied in Ethiopia. The objective of this study was to assess the effect of structured aerobic and resistance exercises on psychological domains among people with type 2 diabetes mellitus in southern Ethiopia. Method We began by approaching 97 type 2 diabetic patients who regularly attend follow-up clinics. The 24 study participants were randomly assigned to one of four groups: aerobic exercise (n = 6), resistance exercise (n = 6), combined aerobic and resistance exercise (n = 6), and control group (n = 6). For each arm, the interventions were a structured workout package that was completed without interrupting usual clinical follow-up. The control groups, on the other hand, were kept as follow-up clinical cases with daily routine work. A paired t-test was performed to compare the means and mean differences of each exercise group’s pretest and posttest. A Tukey’s post hoc test was performed to compare mean differences between groups. The significance level was set at P < 0.05. Result A more significant change was obtained in the combined aerobic and resistance exercise on anxiety and depression (p = 0.006), social dysfunction (p = 0.009), loss of confidence (p = 0.012) in particular, and psychological wellbeing (p = 0.010) in general. Resistance exercise alone had a significant impact on social dysfunction (p = 0.010), anxiety and depression (p = 0.017), and psychological well-being (p = 0.012) in general. Changes in social dysfunction (p = 0.010), anxiety and depression (p = 0.030), and psychological well-being (p = 0.018) were also influenced by aerobic exercise. The study found no significant change in depression and anxiety among control groups. Conclusion As a result, the combined effect of aerobic and resistance exercise had a greater influence on improving anxiety and depression, social dysfunction, loss of confidence in particular, and psychological well-being in general among patients with type 2 diabetes. In other words, the present evidence proves the betterment of combined aerobic and resistance exercises alone followed by resistance exercise alone and aerobic exercise alone compared with non-exercise groups seems to upgrade psychological wellbeing by setting up three main benefits named as: (1) anti-anxiety and depression effects; (2) anti-social dysfunction effects; and (3) anti-loss of confidence effects. This suggests that patients with diabetes who exercise regularly enhance their psychological well-being. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13102-022-00574-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muluken Gebeyehu
- Department of Sports Science, College of Natural and Computational Science, Dilla University, Dilla, Ethiopia.
| | - Kessatie Legesse
- Department of Sport Science, College of Natural and Computational Science, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia
| | - Soumitra Mondal
- Department of Sport Science, College of Natural and Computational Science, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia
| | - Mahmud Abdulkadir
- Departments of Biomedical Science, College of Health Science and Medicine, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia
| | - Zeru Bekelle
- Department of Sports Science, College of Natural and Sports Science, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Alemayehu Molla
- Department of psychiatry, College of Health Science and medicine, Dilla University, Dilla, Ethiopia
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Xu J, Zhang L. The effect of living alone on the mental health of the economically active floating population during the COVID-19 pandemic. Front Public Health 2022; 10:931425. [PMID: 36033794 PMCID: PMC9402925 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.931425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic broke out at the end of 2019 in China. Through a strict Zero-Tolerant strategy, the pandemic was nearly controlled in the first half of 2020, and production resumed in most regions of China. A survey was performed to explore the effect of living alone on the mental health of the economically active floating population (EAFP) in developed regions of China during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods The online cross-sectional survey was conducted in work resumed time in the first half of 2020 in several developed regions of China. The 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) is used to assess the mental health status. The Multi-level ordinary least squares regression was performed on a total of 4,405 samples to examine the relationships between living alone and the participants' mental health. Results Many participants lived alone during the COVID 19 pandemic. Living alone is negatively associated with mental health (p < 0.01) for EAFP. The effect of living alone on mental health is stronger for females than males and for people with a lover than those without a lover. It is also stronger for the seniors (aged 56-70) than younger ones (aged 16-35), and has no significant influence on the middle-aged population (36-55). The effect is significant for self-employed people and employees, and is not significant for unemployed ones. Furthermore, the right amount of online entertainment can lower the effect of living alone on mental health. Conclusion The results show that living alone strongly affected the mental health of EAFP during the COVID 19 pandemic. Moreover, this effect has generated new inequalities among different groups. In addition, to provide more public services to support people against the pandemic, the government should provide more psychological support to those who live alone and guide them to establish a correct view of marriage and love to reduce living alone negative effect and prevent them from mental health problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junzhou Xu
- Department of Economics and Management, Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi, China,Seoul School of Integrated Sciences and Technologies, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ling Zhang
- School of Software and Internet of Things Engineering, Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics, Nanchang, China,*Correspondence: Ling Zhang
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Sun M, Ji H, Chen X, Xu J, Lu J, Yi Y, Pan Y, Wu R, Chen Y, Duan Y, Dou X, Zhou L. The factors influencing the psychological distress of transgender women in Shandong, China: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:955. [PMID: 35549903 PMCID: PMC9101853 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-13357-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background As a group at high-risk for acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) infection, the psychological distress of transgender women cannot be ignored while preventing and controlling AIDS risks. Transgender women are a vulnerable group, and their psychological distress deserves attention. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the psychological distress of transgender women and further determine the influences of factors on the psychological distress of transgender women. Methods From March 2021 to August 2021, a cross-sectional survey was conducted in Shandong province, China. Data were collected by a questionnaire designed for transgender women, and the GHQ-12 scale was used to measure their psychological distress. The questionnaire combined sociodemographic characteristics, HIV/AIDS cognition, related behaviors, substance abuse, social support, gender identity and other factors. Univariate logistic regression and multivariate logistic regression models were used to explore the psychological factors of transgender women. Results In this study, the rate of transgender women with psychological distress was 20.08%. Earned monthly income between 10,000–15,000 yuan (OR:0.16, 95% CI:0.06–0.45) and a monthly income greater than 15,000 yuan (OR:0.07, 95% CI:0.01–0.43) were protective factors in the psychology of transgender women. Transgender women who never disclosed sexual orientation and identity (OR: 0.19, 95% CI: 0.06–0.58), who only disclosed their sexual orientation and identity to families or friends (OR: 0.41, 95% CI: 0.18–0.93) were also less likely to have psychological distress. Additionally, transgender women who did not desire to be identified with their sexual orientation and identity (OR: 3.31, 95%CI: 1.08–10.16) and who reported that the Internet did not play an essential role in helping determine sexual orientation (OR: 5.96, 95% CI: 2.91–12.20) were more likely to have psychological distress. Conclusion Transgender women were at risk of psychological distress. Earning more money can help transgender women's psychological health. When formulating measures for transgender women, we should pay attention to enhance social inclusion and social acceptance of their gender identity and sexual orientation. Strengthening the role of the internet in transgender women's confirmation of sexual orientation and improving the social acceptance of transgender women will have a positive impact on the psychological status of transgender women. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-022-13357-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Sun
- School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning, China
| | - Haoqiang Ji
- School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning, China
| | - Xu Chen
- School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning, China
| | - Jia Xu
- School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning, China
| | - Jiachen Lu
- School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning, China
| | - Yaohui Yi
- School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning, China
| | - Yuanping Pan
- School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning, China
| | - Ruiheng Wu
- School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning, China
| | - Yunting Chen
- School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning, China
| | - Yuxin Duan
- School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiaofeng Dou
- School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning, China
| | - Ling Zhou
- School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning, China.
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Beaudreuil J, Zerkak D, Métivier JC, Fouquet B. Validation of the General Health Questionnaire 12 for assessing psychological distress in patients with chronic low back pain. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil 2022; 35:55-60. [PMID: 34180402 DOI: 10.3233/bmr-191564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The General Health Questionnaire 12 (GHQ-12) is a short easy-to-use scale to assess psychological distress. The GHQ-12 has not been validated for assessing psychological distress in patients with chronic low back pain (LBP). OBJECTIVE To investigate the psychometric properties of the GHQ-12 in patients with chronic LBP. METHODS The study involved a population of patients undergoing functional restoration for chronic LBP. The intraclass coefficient correlation was used for test-retest reliability (good if > 0.7) and the standard error measurement for absolute reliability. Construct validity was assessed with the Spearman correlation coefficient (moderate and high if r⩾ 0.35 and 0.5, respectively) and internal consistency with Cronbach's alpha (suitable if > 0.7). Responsiveness was assessed by the Wilcoxon test and effect size. RESULTS Four hundred and five patients were included. The intraclass coefficient correlation was 0.73 and standard error measurement 2.49. The GHQ-12 showed high convergence with the Beck Depression Inventory and subscales of the Dallas Pain Questionnaire for anxiety and depression and for sociability. It showed moderate convergence with the Quebec Back Pain Disability Scale and subscales of the Dallas Pain Questionnaire for daily activities and for leisure and occupation. Cronbach's alpha was 0.89. The GHQ-12 score changed after functional restoration. It was lower (better) with than without improvement. CONCLUSIONS We provide validation of the GHQ-12 for assessing psychological distress in patients with chronic LBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johann Beaudreuil
- Service de Médecine Physique et de Réadaptation, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Tours, France.,Services de Rhumatologie, Médecine Physique et de Réadaptation, Hôpital Lariboisière - Fernand Widal, Département Médico-Universitaire Locomotion, GHU AP-HP. Nord - Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Djamila Zerkak
- Service de Médecine Physique et de Réadaptation, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Tours, France
| | - Jean-Charles Métivier
- Service de Médecine Physique et de Réadaptation, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Tours, France
| | - Bernard Fouquet
- Service de Médecine Physique et de Réadaptation, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Tours, France
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Martínez-Quintana E, Vega-Acedo LDC, Santana-Herrera D, Pérez-Acosta C, Medina-Gil JM, Muñoz-Díaz E, Rodríguez-González F. Mental well-being among patients with congenital heart disease and heart failure during the COVID-19 pandemic. Am J Cardiovasc Dis 2021; 11:618-623. [PMID: 34849293 PMCID: PMC8611273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Patients with congenital heart disease (CHD) show increasing survival. We evaluated the influence of COVID-19 confinement on the mental well-being of patients with CHD. Descriptive, cross-sectional, observational epidemiological study in a cohort of 242 patients with CHD over 14 years old recruited consecutively from a single adolescent and adult CHD outpatient unit. Patients were sent an online questionnaire to determine clinical, demographic and the 12-element general health questionnaire (GHQ-12) data during the COVID-19 quarantine. 242 out of 407 (59%) patients with CHD, to whom the questionnaire was sent, responded to the survey. 98 (42%) patients were between 14 and 24 years old and 133 (58%) were over 25 years old. Of the total, 119 (51%) were male. 123 (51%), 88 (36%) and 31 (13%) patients with CHD had mild, moderate, and severe anatomical complexity respectively. 11 (4.5%) out of 242 patients with CC presented heart failure (HF) symptoms, requiring 18% of them admission to the hospital emergency department during the pandemic (P=0.002). In relation to the GHQ-12 questionnaire, patients with CHD and HF enjoyed less their daily activities (81% vs. 51%, P=0.043) and had less self-confidence (46% vs. 18%, P=0.041) than those without HF symptoms. In conclusion, patients with CHD and HF, during the COVID-19 quarantine, presented a lower capacity to enjoy daily activities and self-confidence than CHD without HF symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Efrén Martínez-Quintana
- Cardiology Service, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario Insular-Materno InfantilLas Palmas de Gran Canaria 35016, Spain
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran CanariaLas Palmas de Gran Canaria 35016, Spain
| | - Laura del Carmen Vega-Acedo
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran CanariaLas Palmas de Gran Canaria 35016, Spain
| | - Daniela Santana-Herrera
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran CanariaLas Palmas de Gran Canaria 35016, Spain
| | - Carolina Pérez-Acosta
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran CanariaLas Palmas de Gran Canaria 35016, Spain
| | - José María Medina-Gil
- Cardiology Service, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario Insular-Materno InfantilLas Palmas de Gran Canaria 35016, Spain
| | - Encarnación Muñoz-Díaz
- Psychiatry Service, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario Insular-Materno InfantilLas Palmas de Gran Canaria 35016, Spain
| | - Fayna Rodríguez-González
- Ophthalmology Service, Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria Dr. NegrínLas Palmas de Gran Canaria 35019, Spain
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24
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Palma-Vasquez C, Carrasco D, Hernando-Rodriguez JC. Mental Health of Teachers Who Have Teleworked Due to COVID-19. Eur J Investig Health Psychol Educ 2021; 11:515-528. [PMID: 34708828 PMCID: PMC8314372 DOI: 10.3390/ejihpe11020037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on education included school closures and the implementation of virtual teaching and teleworking without the knowledge or resources needed to do so. This situation accentuated the inequality in accessing quality education and generated high rates of stress, anxiety, and general discomfort in teachers. This study aimed to explore the mental health of teachers who were forced to telework because of COVID-19, and to analyze the association with sociodemographic, teacher-related, and working conditions. The sample was 278 classroom teachers in Chile who teleworked more than 50% during the 2020 academic year. The participants were mostly women (82%) who entered the teaching profession at age 30 or younger (87%) and worked two or more unpaid overtime hours per day (67%). The dependent variable was mental health measured through the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12). The independent variables were sociodemographic, teacher-related, and work conditions. The internal structure of the mental health construct was evaluated using the Rasch model. Crude odds ratios (cORs) and adjusted odds ratios (aORs) were estimated using logistic regression models. A high rate of poor mental health was identified in teachers (58%). The variables associated with poor mental health were working in a private-subsidized school (aOR = 2.89; 95% CI: 1.16-7.22), working two or more unpaid overtime hours (aOR = 2.25; 95% CI: 1.11-4.59), and being absent due to sickness (aOR = 3.82; 95% CI: 1.53-9.58). These results provide evidence suggesting the need for actions to improve the working conditions of teachers who telework in order to improve their mental health, and thus have a positive impact on the entire educational community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Palma-Vasquez
- Faculty of Education, Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Concepción 4070129, Chile
- Center for Research in Occupational Health (CiSAL), Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University, 08003 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Diego Carrasco
- Centro de Medición MIDE UC, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile;
| | - Julio C. Hernando-Rodriguez
- Center for Research in Occupational Health (CiSAL), Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University, 08003 Barcelona, Spain;
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25
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Braçe O, Duncan DT, Correa-Fernández J, Garrido-Cumbrera M. Association of sleep duration with mental health: results from a Spanish general population survey. Sleep Breath 2021; 26:389-396. [PMID: 34003436 DOI: 10.1007/s11325-021-02332-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the association of sleep duration and mental health among the general population. METHODS A cross-sectional study was carried out with an adult Spanish population sample between 16 and 64 years old. The information was obtained from data provided by a randomly selected representative sample of 505 adults stratified by age, sex, and geographic area. Participants were interviewed face-to-face in their respective households with questions including sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle, sleep duration, and the 12-item General Health Questionnaire to screen risk for poor mental health. The duration of sleep hours were grouped into the following categories: < 6 h, 6-7 h, and, > 7 h. Regression analysis was used to assess associations between sleep duration and risk of poor mental health. RESULTS A percentage of respondents 13.1% reported sleeping less than 6 h. The analysis demonstrated a significant (p = 0.001) negative (B = - 0.512) relationship between hours of sleep and risk of poor mental health (GHQ-12), demonstrating that reduced sleep duration increases the risk of poor mental health. CONCLUSIONS Sleep duration lower than 6 h is prevalent among the general population in Spain, especially among women and people who frequently use electronic devices. The results show that people who experience shorter sleep duration face a greater risk of poor mental health. These findings suggest that it is important to raise awareness of healthy sleeping habits, with emphasis on adequate sleep duration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olta Braçe
- Health & Territory Research, Centro Internacional de la Universidad de Sevilla, Av. Ciudad Jardín, 20-22, 41005, Seville, Spain.
| | - Dustin T Duncan
- Spatial Epidemiology Lab, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - José Correa-Fernández
- Health & Territory Research, Centro Internacional de la Universidad de Sevilla, Av. Ciudad Jardín, 20-22, 41005, Seville, Spain
| | - Marco Garrido-Cumbrera
- Health & Territory Research, Centro Internacional de la Universidad de Sevilla, Av. Ciudad Jardín, 20-22, 41005, Seville, Spain
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26
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Feng J, Xu J, Xu S, Cao H, Zheng C, Sharma L, Dela Cruz CS, Zhang J, Chu D, Yu L, Tu C, Li F, Ren T, Zhang F, Du C, Gu W, Liu H, Qian Y, Shen C, Tang C, Bi Y, Xiao F, Gu K, Zhang J, Ye Z, Zhao L, Zhai J, Hu X, Qu J, Jie Z. Psychological Impact During the First Outbreak of COVID-19 on Frontline Health Care Workers in Shanghai. Front Public Health 2021; 9:646780. [PMID: 34079783 PMCID: PMC8165161 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.646780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic is a significant health threat. Health care worker (HCWs) are at a significant risk of infection which may cause high levels of psychological distress. The aim of this study was to investigate the psychological impact of the COVID-19 on HCWs and factors which were associated with these stresses during the first outbreak in Shanghai. Methods: Between February 9 and 21, 2020, a total of 3,114 frontline HCWs from 26 hospitals in Shanghai completed an online survey. The questionnaire included questions on their sociodemographic characteristics, 15 stress-related questions, and General Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ-12). Exploratory factor analysis was applied to the 15 stress-related questions which produced four distinct factors for evaluation. Multiple linear regression models were performed to explore the association of personal characteristics with each score of the four factors. Binary logistic analysis was used to explain the association of personal characteristics and these four factors with the GHQ-12. Results: There were 2,691 valid surveys received. The prevalence of emotional distress (defined as GHQ-12 ≥ 12) was noted in 47.7% (95%CI:45.7-49.6%) HCWs. Females (OR = 1.43, 95%CI:1.09-1.86) were more likely to have a psychological distress than males. However, HCWs who work in secondary hospitals (OR = 0.71, 95% CI:0.58-0.87) or had a no contact history (OR = 0.45, 95%CI: 0.35-0.58) were less likely to suffer psychological distress. HCWs who were nurses, married, and had a known contact history were highly likely to have anxiety. HCWs working at tertiary hospitals felt an elevated anxiety regarding the infection, a lack of knowledge, and less protected compared to those who worked at secondary hospitals. Conclusions: Our study shows that the frontline HCWs had a significant psychosocial distress during the COVID-19 outbreak in Shanghai. HCWs felt a lack of knowledge and had feelings of being not protected. It is necessary for hospitals and governments to provide additional trainings and psychological counseling to support the first-line HCWs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Feng
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinfu Xu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Susu Xu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huifang Cao
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Jing'an District Centre Hospital of Shanghai (Huashan Hospital Fudan University Jing'an Branch), Shanghai, China
| | - Cuixia Zheng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji Universtiy, Shanghai, China
| | - Lokesh Sharma
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Charles S Dela Cruz
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dejie Chu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Eighth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Yu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunlin Tu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, Jiading Center Hospital, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Fan Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, Songjiang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Ren
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fengying Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Putuo District People' Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunlin Du
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital Subordinating Qingpu Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenchao Gu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Pudong New Area People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongwei Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fengxian Central Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yechang Qian
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Baoshan District Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Changxing Shen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunhong Tang
- Gumei Community Health Service Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Yueping Bi
- Yinhang Community Health Service Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Xiao
- Zhoujiaqiao Community Health Service Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Kejia Gu
- Jiuting Community Health Service Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Nanqiao Community Health Service Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Zheng Ye
- Changfeng Community Health Service Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Liang Zhao
- Zhuanqiao Community Health Service Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiayi Zhai
- Jiading Town Community Health Service Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoying Hu
- Jiangchuan Community Health Service Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Jieming Qu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Institutes of Respiratory Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhijun Jie
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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27
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Del Piccolo L, Donisi V, Raffaelli R, Garzon S, Perlini C, Rimondini M, Uccella S, Cromi A, Ghezzi F, Ginami M, Sartori E, Ciccarone F, Scambia G, Franchi M. The Psychological Impact of COVID-19 on Healthcare Providers in Obstetrics: A Cross-Sectional Survey Study. Front Psychol 2021; 12:632999. [PMID: 33897540 PMCID: PMC8062879 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.632999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To assess the psychological distress of healthcare providers (HCPs) working in the field of obstetrics during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and to identify factors associated with psychological distress at the individual, interpersonal, and organizational level. Design: Cross-sectional survey study. Setting: Four University hospitals in Italy. Participants: HCPs working in obstetrics, including gynecologists, residents in gynecology and obstetrics, and midwives. Methods: The 104-item survey Impatto PSIcologico COVID-19 in Ostetricia (IPSICO) was created by a multidisciplinary expert panel and administered to HCPs in obstetrics in May 2020 via a web-based platform. Main Outcome Measures: Psychological distress assessed by the General Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ-12) included in the IPSICO survey. Results: The response rate to the IPSICO survey was 88.2% (503/570), and that for GHQ-12 was 84.4% (481/570). Just over half (51.1%; 246/481) of the GHQ-12 respondents reported a clinically significant level of psychological distress (GHQ-12 ≥3). Psychological distress was associated with either individual (i.e., female gender, stressful experience related to COVID-19, exhaustion, and the use of dysfunctional coping strategies), interpersonal (i.e., lower family support, limitations in interactions with colleagues), and organizational (i.e., reduced perception of protection by personal protective equipment, perceived delays on updates and gaps in information on the pandemic) factors in dealing with the pandemic. Conclusions: Results confirm the need for monitoring and assessing the psychological distress for HCPs in obstetrics. Interventions at the individual, interpersonal, and organizational level may relieve the psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic and foster resilience skills in facing emotional distress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidia Del Piccolo
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Valeria Donisi
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Ricciarda Raffaelli
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, AOUI Verona, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Simone Garzon
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, AOUI Verona, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Cinzia Perlini
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Michela Rimondini
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Stefano Uccella
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, AOUI Verona, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Antonella Cromi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, "Filippo Del Ponte" Hospital, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Fabio Ghezzi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, "Filippo Del Ponte" Hospital, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Maddalena Ginami
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Enrico Sartori
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Francesca Ciccarone
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Scambia
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Franchi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, AOUI Verona, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
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28
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Oh J, Kim J. Relationship between Mental Health and House Sharing: Evidence from Seoul. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:ijerph18052495. [PMID: 33802482 PMCID: PMC7967625 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18052495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
While the association between general housing and mental health has been well documented, little is known about the mental health outcomes of house sharing. As shared housing has been viewed as an economically and socially viable housing option for young adults, a broader understanding of how shared housing affects the residents’ quality of life, including mental health, is needed. In this context, this study aims to provide empirical evidence about the relationship between mental health and house sharing after controlling for residents’ self-selection. We conducted a survey of 834 young single adults living in shared housing and non-shared housing in Seoul, Korea. Then, to control for residential self-selection, we applied the residential dissonance framework. The main findings of this study were two-fold: first, house-sharers with a positive attitude toward shared housing were more likely to respond that their mental health status improved after they started residing in shared housing; second, if young adults are forced to live in shared housing, this could increase the potential risk of social dysfunction of house-sharers. Based on these findings, we suggest policy measures for shared housing, including pre-occupancy interviews, resident behavior codes, and fostering a livable dwelling environment to ensure a healthier life in shared living arrangements.
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29
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de Arriba-García M, Diaz-Martinez A, Monfort-Ortiz R, Roca-Prats A, Monfort-Beltrán S, Ivañez-Muñoz M, Alberola-Rubio J, Perales-Marín A. GESTACOVID project: psychological and perinatal effects in Spanish pregnant women subjected to confinement due to the COVID-19 pandemic. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2021; 35:5665-5671. [PMID: 33615968 DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2021.1888922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION COVID-19 was declared a pandemic and confinement with movement restriction measures were applied in Spain. Postnatal mental disorders are common but frequently undiagnosed, being a risk period to develop anxiety and depression symptoms. The aim of this study is to evaluate the impact of confinement as depressive and anxiety symptoms in pregnant women (PrW) and puerperal women (PuW) mental health, as well as obstetric and perinatal outcomes during this period. MATERIALS AND METHODS The self-administered survey consists of a total of 28 questions, the first 16 providing contextual information and the following ones corresponding to the GHQ-12 that has been evaluated in a binomial form. A logistic regression model has been used to assess whether the contextual variables acted as a protective or risk factor and its fitting has been represented by a receiver operating curve. RESULTS Of the 754 PrW interviewed, 58.22% were screened positive. Confinement time for these was 54.93 ± 9.75 days. The risk factors that were identified after the refinement have been to have a worse general state of health, to be sadder and to be more nervous. Among the protectors have been found to have a higher Apgar 10 score and induction of labor. The area under the adjusted regression adjustment curve was 0.8056. CONCLUSIONS Our results show a high prevalence of depression and anxiety symptoms with strict confinement measures. PrW and PuW must be considered a risk group to develop mental health disorders during disruption circumstances. Using a mental health screening tool could help to identify a group of patients with more risk and to carry out a careful monitoring to allow adequate management.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alba Diaz-Martinez
- Centro de Investigación e Innovación en Bioingeniería, Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Rogelio Monfort-Ortiz
- Servicio de Obstetricia, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Alba Roca-Prats
- Servicio de Obstetricia, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Sara Monfort-Beltrán
- Servicio de Obstetricia, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - María Ivañez-Muñoz
- Servicio de Obstetricia, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - José Alberola-Rubio
- Servicio de Obstetricia, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Alfredo Perales-Marín
- Servicio de Obstetricia, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia, Spain.,Departamento de Pediatría, Obstetricia y Ginecología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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30
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Fu Y, Wang M, Zhao B, Liu B, Sun J, Feng Y, Wang Z, Li Q, Shi C, Xuan Y, Long S, Liu H, Chi T, Liao Z, Li B, Liu Q. Psychological Impact of COVID-19 Cases on Medical Staff of Beijing Xiaotangshan Hospital. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2021; 14:41-47. [PMID: 33500670 PMCID: PMC7822226 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s287842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose To investigate the psychological impact of cases of coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) on medical staff of Beijing Xiaotangshan Hospital. Methods The 287 online questionnaires were distributed to medical staff working at Beijing Xiaotangshan Hospital, comprising three main sections and 17 questions: basic information, current departmental position, and the 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12). The threshold for emotional distress was defined to be a total score of 4 on the GHQ-12 and above. Results A total of 255 members of medical staff participating in this study presented an emotional distress rate of 17%. Members who were male, aged 50–59, married with children, positioned as doctors, and in administration were the population with the highest rate of emotional distress. Furthermore, the severity of emotional distress among those under 30 was significantly lower than those aged 30–39 and 50–59. Doctors and other occupations shared a lower level of satisfaction on routine activities compared with nurses, so did staff in the administration compared with those who were working in screening or logistic departments. Besides, males and staff of the confirmation department had more difficulty in concentrating than females and those of the screening department, respectively. Conclusion Medical staff working at Xiaotangshan Hospital underwent relatively low levels of emotional distress thanks to sufficient medical and psychological preparations. However, special attention should be paid to those who were male, married with children, senior, doctors, in administration, and in the confirmation department.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanbo Fu
- The Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Neuromodulation, Beijing 100010, People's Republic of China
| | - Mina Wang
- The Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Neuromodulation, Beijing 100010, People's Republic of China.,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Bingcong Zhao
- The Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Neuromodulation, Beijing 100010, People's Republic of China
| | - Baoli Liu
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100010, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Sun
- Beijing Xiao Tang Shan Hospital, Beijing 102200, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaohui Feng
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100010, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengfang Wang
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100010, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Li
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100010, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunhong Shi
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100010, People's Republic of China
| | - Yabo Xuan
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100010, People's Republic of China
| | - Siqi Long
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100010, People's Republic of China
| | - Huan Liu
- Beijing Xiao Tang Shan Hospital, Beijing 102200, People's Republic of China
| | - Tiange Chi
- The First Clinical Medical School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Zehuan Liao
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551, Singapore.,Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 17177, Sweden
| | - Bin Li
- The Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Neuromodulation, Beijing 100010, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingquan Liu
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100010, People's Republic of China
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31
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Marques G, Drissi N, Díez IDLT, de Abajo BS, Ouhbi S. Impact of COVID-19 on the psychological health of university students in Spain and their attitudes toward Mobile mental health solutions. Int J Med Inform 2020; 147:104369. [PMID: 33388481 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2020.104369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has had an impact on several aspects of life, including university students' mental health. Mobile mental care applications (apps) comprise a form of online mental care that enables the delivery of remote mental care. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to explore the impact of COVID-19 on the mental health of university students in Spain and to explore their attitudes toward the use of mobile mental care apps. METHOD Respondents answered a survey, which comprised two sections. The first included the 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) that was employed to assess the students' mental health. The second section included six questions developed by the authors to explore the students' attitudes toward mental care apps. RESULTS The results showed that the students suffered from anxiety and depression as well as social dysfunction. Further, 91.3 % of the students had never used a mobile app for mental health, 36.3 % were unaware of such apps, and 79.2 % were willing to use them in the future. CONCLUSIONS The COVID-19 pandemic had a significant impact on the psychological health of university students. Mobile mental care apps may be an effective and efficient way to access mental care, particularly during a pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonçalo Marques
- Department of Signal Theory and Communications, and Telematics Engineering, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain; Polytechnic of Coimbra, ESTGOH, Rua General Santos Costa, 3400-124 Oliveira Do Hospital, Portugal.
| | - Nidal Drissi
- Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Isabel de la Torre Díez
- Department of Signal Theory and Communications, and Telematics Engineering, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Beatriz Sainz de Abajo
- Department of Signal Theory and Communications, and Telematics Engineering, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Sofia Ouhbi
- Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
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Drissi N, Alhmoudi A, Al Nuaimi H, Alkhyeli M, Alsalami S, Ouhbi S. Investigating the Impact of COVID-19 Lockdown on the Psychological Health of University Students and Their Attitudes Toward Mobile Mental Health Solutions: Two-Part Questionnaire Study. JMIR Form Res 2020; 4:e19876. [PMID: 32969340 PMCID: PMC7609193 DOI: 10.2196/19876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 outbreak was first reported to the World Health Organization on December 31, 2019, and it was officially declared a public health emergency of international concern on January 30, 2020. The COVID-19 outbreak and the safety measures taken to control it caused many psychological issues in populations worldwide, such as depression, anxiety, and stress. OBJECTIVE The objectives of this study were to assess the psychological effects of the lockdown due to the COVID-19 outbreak on university students in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) and to investigate the students' awareness of mobile mental health care apps as well as their attitudes toward the use of these apps. METHODS A two-part self-administered web-based questionnaire was delivered to students at United Arab Emirates University. The first part of the questionnaire assessed the mental state of the participants using the 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12), while the second part contained questions investigating the participants' awareness of and attitudes toward mental health care apps. Students were invited to fill out the web-based questionnaire via social media and mailing lists. RESULTS A total of 154 students participated in the survey, and the majority were female. The results of the GHQ-12 analysis showed that the students were experiencing psychological issues related to depression and anxiety as well as social dysfunction. The results also revealed a lack of awareness of mental health care apps and uncertainty regarding the use of such apps. Approximately one-third of the participants (44/154, 28.6%) suggested preferred functionalities and characteristics of mobile mental health care apps, such as affordable price, simple design, ease of use, web-based therapy, communication with others experiencing the same issues, and tracking of mental status. CONCLUSIONS Like many groups of people worldwide, university students in the UAE were psychologically affected by the lockdown due to the COVID-19 outbreak. Although apps can be useful tools for mental health care delivery, especially in circumstances such as those produced by the outbreak, the students in this study showed a lack of awareness of these apps and mixed attitudes toward them. Improving the digital health literacy of university students in the UAE by increasing their awareness of mental health care apps and the treatment methods and benefits of the apps, as well as involving students in the app creation process, may encourage students to use these tools for mental health care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidal Drissi
- United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ayat Alhmoudi
- United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hana Al Nuaimi
- United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mahra Alkhyeli
- United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Sofia Ouhbi
- United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
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Mazza C, Ricci E, Marchetti D, Fontanesi L, Di Giandomenico S, Verrocchio MC, Roma P. How Personality Relates to Distress in Parents during the Covid-19 Lockdown: The Mediating Role of Child's Emotional and Behavioral Difficulties and the Moderating Effect of Living with Other People. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020; 17:ijerph17176236. [PMID: 32867313 PMCID: PMC7504490 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17176236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Since the initiation of the COVID-19 lockdown, Italian parents have been forced to manage their children at home. The present study aimed at investigating the psychological distress of parents during the lockdown, identifying contributing factors. An online survey was administered to 833 participants from 3 to 15 April 2020. Mediation and moderated mediation models were run to explore the association between parent neuroticism and parent distress, mediated by child hyperactivity–inattention and child emotional symptoms, and the moderating effect of living only with child(ren) on the direct and indirect effects of parent neuroticism on parent distress. For parents living only with child(ren), high levels of psychological distress depended exclusively on their levels of neuroticism. For parents living with at least one other person in addition to child(ren), distress levels were also mediated by child behavioral and emotional difficulties. Motherhood emerged as a significant factor contributing to greater distress. Furthermore, parent psychological distress decreased in line with increased child age. The results confirm that neuroticism is an important risk factor for mental health. Preventive measures should be primarily target multicomponent families with younger children and directed towards parents who are already known to present emotional instability and to parents of children who have received local mental health assistance for behavioral and/or emotional difficulties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Mazza
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, G. d’Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti (CH), Italy;
| | - Eleonora Ricci
- Department of Human Neuroscience, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome (RM), Italy; (E.R.); (P.R.)
| | - Daniela Marchetti
- Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences, G. d’Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti (CH), Italy; (D.M.); (L.F.); (S.D.G.)
| | - Lilybeth Fontanesi
- Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences, G. d’Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti (CH), Italy; (D.M.); (L.F.); (S.D.G.)
| | - Serena Di Giandomenico
- Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences, G. d’Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti (CH), Italy; (D.M.); (L.F.); (S.D.G.)
| | - Maria Cristina Verrocchio
- Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences, G. d’Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti (CH), Italy; (D.M.); (L.F.); (S.D.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0871-355-5888
| | - Paolo Roma
- Department of Human Neuroscience, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome (RM), Italy; (E.R.); (P.R.)
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Fridh M, Rosvall M, Lindström M. Poor psychological health and 5-year suicide mortality: A population-based prospective cohort study. Soc Sci Med 2020; 258:113056. [PMID: 32516638 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2020.113056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective was to investigate associations between the General Health Questionnaire with twelve sub-items (GHQ-12) and prospective five-year suicide mortality. The two commonly used GHQ-12 cut-offs (2/3 and 3/4) were analyzed. METHOD The 2008 public health survey, which was conducted in the autumn of 2008 in Scania, southern Sweden, is based on a postal questionnaire answered by 28,198 participants, aged 18 to 80. GHQ-12 was assessed from the baseline questionnaire, and five-year prospective register data on causes of death were connected to the baseline survey. In total, 21 persons died from intentional self-inflicted injuries, and twenty of them had complete answers regarding GHQ-12. Hazard rate ratios (HRR) were analyzed in survival (Cox-) regression analyses, adjusted for age, sex, marital status and socioeconomic status (SES). RESULTS The prevalence of poor psychological health according to GHQ-12 with the 2/3 cut-off was 14% among men and 18% among women, and with the 3/4 cut-off it was 11% among men and 15% among women. The 2/3 cut-off yielded a HRR of 3.02 (1.14-7.98, 95% CI) which decreased to 2.44 (0.92-6.49) when adjusted for marital status and SES, and a 3/4 cut-off HRR of 3.97 (1.51-10.47) which decreased to 3.23 (1.22-1.22-8.56) when adjusted for marital status and SES. CONCLUSION The results indicate high effect measures (HRRs) between GHQ12 with both cut offs and five-year suicide mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Fridh
- Social Medicine and Health Policy, Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University, S-205 02, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Maria Rosvall
- Social Medicine and Health Policy, Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University, S-205 02, Malmö, Sweden; Department of Community Medicine and Public Health, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Martin Lindström
- Social Medicine and Health Policy, Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University, S-205 02, Malmö, Sweden.
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Broberg P, Tagesson T, Uman T. Antecedents of Psychological Well-Being among Swedish Audit Firm Employees. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020; 17:E3346. [PMID: 32408546 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17103346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The attractiveness of audit firms as employers appears to have decreased in recent years and the audit profession is currently experiencing high employee turnover. A shortage of personnel increases the risk of long-term stress and illness. This paper therefore proposes audit firm employees’ well-being as an important research topic and explores the antecedents of well-being of Swedish audit firm employees in comparison with those of other business professionals. Based on a nationwide survey of members of the Swedish association of business professionals, with a focus on psychological well-being (measured through General Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ-12)), the study shows that the psychological well-being of the professionals in this study generally aligns with the results from similar studies in a Swedish context. However, the findings indicate that audit industry respondents have the lowest psychological well-being and that employer change, job satisfaction, and life satisfaction were the strongest antecedents of their psychological well-being.
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Mangal A, Thakur A, Nimavat KA, Dabar D, Yadav SB. Screening for common mental health problems and their determinants among school-going adolescent girls in Gujarat, India. J Family Med Prim Care 2020; 9:264-270. [PMID: 32110602 PMCID: PMC7014828 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_732_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The school health program is a flagship program of Government of India with a focus on improving the physical and mental health of school children, but there is no specific strategy to screen for mental health disorders under the school health program. Also, the estimation of the prevalence of common mental disorders (CMDs) such as anxiety, depression, and psychosocial distress among school children is lacking. Methods The author conducted a cross-sectional study among 742 adolescent schoolgirls from one government, one government-aided, and one private school in an urban area in Gujarat. We used the pre-validated instrument, general health questionnaire-12 (GHQ-12) to screen for CMDs. We estimated adjusted odds of association between screening positive for CMDs and various determinants. Results 48.78% adolescent girls screened positive for CMDs which is alarming. Among sociodemographic characteristics, the type of school (adjusted odds of private is 1.8 and government 1.6), mother's higher education (3.0), father's less education (3.1), and working mother (1.5) had shown significant association with positive cases of the girls. Among psychosocial factors, abnormal sleep patterns (1.9) and disturbance in studies (2.3) have been found statistically significant for the presence of mental health problems among adolescent girls as per the GHQ score. Conclusion CMDs such as anxiety, depression, and psychosocial distress were indeed very common among adolescent school-going girls in an urban area of Gujarat, India. There is an urgent need to focus attention on the mental health of adolescent girls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abha Mangal
- Community Health, St. Stephen's Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Archana Thakur
- Community Health, St. Stephen's Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Khyati A Nimavat
- Community Medicine, GMERS Medical College, Junagarh, Gujarat, India
| | - Deepti Dabar
- Community and Family Medicine, AIIMS, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Sudha B Yadav
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Sh. M. P. Shah Medical College, Jamnagar, Gujarat, India
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Sampogna F, Paradisi A, Iemboli ML, Ricci F, Sonego G, Abeni D. Comparison of quality of life between melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer patients. Eur J Dermatol 2019; 29:185-91. [PMID: 31106760 DOI: 10.1684/ejd.2019.3523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The impact of skin cancers on patients' health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is often overlooked, and direct comparisons between melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) are rare. Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare HRQoL in patients with melanoma and NMSC. Participants were unselected, consecutive adult patients with a diagnosis of melanoma at the time of wide excision, or NMSC at the time of surgery. HRQoL was measured using the two scales of Skindex-17. The 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) was used to identify patients with possible anxiety or depression. The study population included 433 patients: 65 with melanoma and 368 with NMSC. Skindex-17 symptom mean scores were higher in NMSC than in melanoma patients. Melanoma patients had significantly higher scores for the item "feeling depressed". The percentage of GHQ-12 cases (with possible non-psychotic, minor psychiatric disorders) was significantly higher in patients with melanoma (32.8%) compared to NMSC patients (8.7%). NMSC places a greater burden of symptoms on patients than melanoma, while the psychological impact of melanoma is higher.
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Griffith GJ, Jones K. Understanding the population structure of the GHQ-12: Methodological considerations in dimensionally complex measurement outcomes. Soc Sci Med 2019; 243:112638. [PMID: 31665657 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2019.112638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Revised: 09/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mental health and its complexity, measurement and social determinants are increasingly important avenues of research for social scientists. Quantitative social science commonly investigates mental health as captured by population screening metrics. One of the most common of these metrics is the 12-Item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12). Despite itscanonical use as an outcome of interest in social science, the traditional use of the summed scores of summed questionnaires carries empirical and substantive assumptions which are often not fully considered or justified in the research. We outline the implications of these assumptions and the restrictions imposed by traditional modelling techniques and advocate for a more nuanced approach to population mental health modelling and inference. DATA & METHODS We use novel Exploratory Structural Equation Modelling (ESEM) on a large, representative UK sample taken from the first wave of the Understanding Society Survey, totalling 40,452 respondents. We use this to exemplify the potential of traditional, restrictive assumptions to bias conclusions and policy recommendations. RESULTS ESEM analysis identifies a 4-factor structure for the GHQ-12, including a newly proposed "Emotional Coping" dimension. This structure is then tested against leading proposed factor structures from the literature and is demonstrated to perform better across all metrics, under both Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian estimation. Moreover, the proposed factors are more substantively dissimilar than those retrieved from previous literature. CONCLUSIONS The results highlight the inferential limitations of using simple summed scores as population health outcomes. We advocate for the use of the highlighted methods, which in combination with population studies offer quantitative social scientists the opportunity to explore predictors and patterns of underlying processes of population mental health outcomes, explicitly addressing the complexity and measurement error inherent to mental health analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gareth J Griffith
- School of Geographical Sciences, University Road, University of Bristol, BS8 1SS, United Kingdom.
| | - Kelvyn Jones
- School of Geographical Sciences, University Road, University of Bristol, BS8 1SS, United Kingdom
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Aerts R, Stas M, Vanlessen N, Hendrickx M, Bruffaerts N, Hoebeke L, Dendoncker N, Dujardin S, Saenen ND, Van Nieuwenhuyse A, Aerts JM, Van Orshoven J, Nawrot TS, Somers B. Residential green space and seasonal distress in a cohort of tree pollen allergy patients. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2019; 223:71-79. [PMID: 31628039 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2019.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Revised: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Residential green space may improve human health, for example by promoting physical activity and by reducing stress. Conversely, residential green space may increase stress by emitting aeroallergens and exacerbating allergic disease. Here we examine impacts of exposure to residential green space on distress in the susceptible subpopulation of adults sensitized to tree pollen allergens. METHODS In a panel study of 88 tree pollen allergy patients we analyzed self-reported mental health (GHQ-12), perceived presence of allergenic trees (hazel, alder, birch) near the residence and residential green space area within 1 km distance [high (≥3 m) and low (<3 m) green]. Results were adjusted for patients' background data (gender, age, BMI, smoking status, physical activity, commuting distance, education level, allergy medication use and chronic respiratory problems) and compared with distress in the general population (N = 2467). RESULTS Short-term distress [mean GHQ-12 score 2.1 (95% confidence interval 1.5-2.7)] was higher in the study population than in the general population [1.5 (1.4-1.7)]. Residential green space had protective effects against short-term distress [high green, per combined surface area of 10 ha: adjusted odds ratio OR = 0.94 (95% confidence interval 0.90-0.99); low green, per 10 ha: OR = 0.85 (0.78-0.93)]. However, distress was higher in patients who reported perceived presence of allergenic trees near their residence [present vs. absent: OR = 2.04 (1.36-3.07)]. CONCLUSIONS Perceived presence of allergenic tree species in the neighbourhood of the residence of tree pollen allergy patients modulates the protective effect of residential green space against distress during the airborne tree pollen season.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raf Aerts
- Risk and Health Impact Assessment, Sciensano (Belgian Institute of Health), Brussels, Belgium; Division Forest, Nature and Landscape, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium; Centre for Environmental Sciences, University of Hasselt, Hasselt, Belgium.
| | - Michiel Stas
- Division Forest, Nature and Landscape, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium; Division Animal and Human Health Engineering, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Marijke Hendrickx
- Mycology and Aerobiology, Sciensano (Belgian Institute of Health), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nicolas Bruffaerts
- Mycology and Aerobiology, Sciensano (Belgian Institute of Health), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Lucie Hoebeke
- Mycology and Aerobiology, Sciensano (Belgian Institute of Health), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nicolas Dendoncker
- Department of Geography, Institute of Life Earth and Environment (ILEE), University of Namur, Namur, Belgium
| | - Sebastien Dujardin
- Division Forest, Nature and Landscape, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium; Department of Geography, Institute of Life Earth and Environment (ILEE), University of Namur, Namur, Belgium
| | - Nelly D Saenen
- Risk and Health Impact Assessment, Sciensano (Belgian Institute of Health), Brussels, Belgium; Centre for Environmental Sciences, University of Hasselt, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - An Van Nieuwenhuyse
- Risk and Health Impact Assessment, Sciensano (Belgian Institute of Health), Brussels, Belgium; Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Belgium
| | - Jean-Marie Aerts
- Division Animal and Human Health Engineering, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jos Van Orshoven
- Division Forest, Nature and Landscape, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tim S Nawrot
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, University of Hasselt, Hasselt, Belgium; Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Belgium
| | - Ben Somers
- Division Forest, Nature and Landscape, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium
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Pasanen TP, White MP, Wheeler BW, Garrett JK, Elliott LR. Neighbourhood blue space, health and wellbeing: The mediating role of different types of physical activity. Environ Int 2019; 131:105016. [PMID: 31352260 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.105016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Revised: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence suggests that living near blue spaces such as the coast, lakes and rivers may be good for health and wellbeing. Although greater levels of physical activity (PA) may be a potential mechanism, we know little about the types of PA that might account for this. OBJECTIVES To explore the mediating role of: a) 'watersports' (e.g. sailing/canoeing); b) 'on-land outdoor PA' in natural/mixed settings (e.g. walking/running/cycling); and, c) 'indoor/other PA' (e.g. gym/squash) in the relationships between residential blue space availability and health outcomes. METHODS Using data from the Health Survey for England (n = 21,097), we constructed a path model to explore whether weekly volumes of each PA type mediate any of the relationships between residential blue space availability (coastal proximity and presence of freshwater) and self-reported general and mental health, controlling for green space density and a range of socio-economic factors at the individual- and area-level. RESULTS Supporting predictions, living nearer the coast was associated with better self-reported general and mental health and this was partially mediated by on-land outdoor PA (primarily walking). Watersports were more common among those living within 5kms of the coast, but did not mediate associations between coastal proximity and health. Presence of freshwater in the neighbourhood was associated with better mental health, but this effect was not mediated by PA. CONCLUSIONS Although nearby blue spaces offer potentially easier access to watersports, relatively few individuals in England engage in them and thus they do not account for positive population health associations. Rather, the benefits to health from coastal living seem, at least in part, due to participation in land-based outdoor activities (especially walking). Further research is needed to explore the mechanisms behind the relationship between freshwater presence and mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tytti P Pasanen
- Faculty of Social Sciences/Psychology, Tampere University, Kalevantie 5, 33014, Finland.
| | - Mathew P White
- European Centre for Environment and Human Health, College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, Knowledge Spa, Royal Cornwall Hospital, Truro, Cornwall TR1 3HD, United Kingdom
| | - Benedict W Wheeler
- European Centre for Environment and Human Health, College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, Knowledge Spa, Royal Cornwall Hospital, Truro, Cornwall TR1 3HD, United Kingdom
| | - Joanne K Garrett
- European Centre for Environment and Human Health, College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, Knowledge Spa, Royal Cornwall Hospital, Truro, Cornwall TR1 3HD, United Kingdom
| | - Lewis R Elliott
- European Centre for Environment and Human Health, College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, Knowledge Spa, Royal Cornwall Hospital, Truro, Cornwall TR1 3HD, United Kingdom
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de Vega L, Effendy E, Camellia V. Screening of Mental Disorders Related CD4 Count of People Living with HIV/AIDS with Anti-Retroviral Treatment in Medan, Indonesia. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2019; 7:2647-2651. [PMID: 31777625 PMCID: PMC6876814 DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2019.818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2019] [Revised: 07/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Mental disorders are the most common problems in the life of People Living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). The frequency in which HIV/AIDS and mental health problems co-exist, and the complex bi-directional relationship between them. Several biological, distress psychological and social dysfunction factors are associated with mental disorders in PLWHA. AIM: To analyse the relationship between the screening of mental disorders using General Health Questionnaire-12 scores and CD4 counts of People Living with HIV/AIDS with Anti-Retroviral Treatment. METHODS: This was a correlative analytical study with a cross-sectional approach using the General Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ-12) instrument to assess screening mental disorders and the CD4 count. This research was conducted in February 2019 – April 2019 at an HIV/AIDS outpatient clinic. As many 33 subjects were divided into inclusion criteria; participant confirmed HIV seropositivity in stage II or III were undergoing ARV treatment, ranged in age between 25-49 years. The duration of HIV disease was ≤ four years, and the duration of ARV treatment was ≥ six months and informed consent to participate in the study. The patient who had mental disorders and currently drugs user was excluded from this study. RESULTS: There was an association found between change in CD4 and screening mental disorders at univariate analysis among the study participants, whether on antiretroviral treatment. The correlation between the total GHQ-12 scores as a screening of mental disorders and CD4 counts indicated to result in a significant negative correlation, r = -0.670 with p = 0.001. CONCLUSION: Screening mental disorders using General Health Questionnaire-12 from the results of this study shows that it is important to do for PLWHA because with low CD4 levels as biomarkers the progression of HIV infection affects psychological distress and social dysfunction in people living with HIV who have the potential for symptoms of mental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidya de Vega
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
| | - Elmeida Effendy
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
| | - Vita Camellia
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
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Guan M, Han B. Factor Structures of General Health Questionnaire-12 Within the Number of Kins Among the Rural Residents in China. Front Psychol 2019; 10:1774. [PMID: 31428024 PMCID: PMC6688627 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The 12-item general health questionnaire (GHQ-12) has been extensively used with Chinese population. Yet, it has not been used from a national representative survey in rural China. The aim of this study was to examine how number of kins associated with the factor structures of the CHQ-12 among the rural residents in China. Data were obtained from the 2009 rural-to-urban migrants survey (RUMiC). Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) (principal component analysis with varimax rotation) was performed to identify factor structures of GHQ-12 regarding number of siblings, age ranking, and number of children. To investigate the reliability of the questionnaire, Cronbach’s alpha was used. Internal consistency was assessed by confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). In all, 32171 rural residents in China from 2009 RUMiC participated in the study. The mean age of the respondents was 37.03 (SD = 19.21) years. The psychometric properties and factor structures of the GHQ-12 used were described. All of the fit indices in CFA models were satisfactory. The two-factor and three-factor structures gathered the satisfactory fit indexes in the part of 2009 subsamples. The rural version of the GHQ-12 was reliable measures of psychological distress among the rural residents in China with respect to number of kins. The two-and three-factor structures derived from the present sample, with good model fit in the CFA analysis, which suggested that two-and three-factor solution could be used to assess mental health of rural residents in rural China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Guan
- Family Issues Center, Xuchang University, Xuchang, China.,School of Business, Xuchang University, Xuchang, China
| | - Bingxue Han
- Family Issues Center, Xuchang University, Xuchang, China.,College of Urban and Rural Planning and Gardening, Xuchang University, Xuchang, China
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Heszlein-Lossius HE, Al-Borno Y, Shaqqoura S, Skaik N, Giil LM, Gilbert M. Does pain, psychological distress and deteriorated family economy follow traumatic amputation among war casualties? A retrospective, cross-sectional study from Gaza. BMJ Open 2019; 9:e029892. [PMID: 31217319 PMCID: PMC6589021 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-029892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to explore determinants of psychosocial distress and pain in patients who have survived severe extremity amputation in Gaza. SETTING This study was conducted in a secondary care rehabilitation centre in Gaza, Palestine. The clinic is Gaza's sole provider of artificial limbs. PARTICIPANTS We included 254 civilian Palestinians who had survived but lost one or more limb(s) during military incursions from 2006 to 2016. We included patients with surgically treated amputation injuries who attended physical rehabilitation at a specialist prosthesis centre in Gaza. Amputees with injuries prior to 2006 or non-military related injuries were excluded.We assessed their pain and psychological stress using the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12). We used income, amputation severity scored by proximity to torso, current employment status, loss of family members and loss of home as independent variables. RESULTS The amputees median age was 23 years at the time of trauma, while a median of 4.3 years had passed from trauma to study inclusion. Nine of 10 were male, while 43 were children when they were amputated (17%≤18 years). One hundred and ninety-one (75%) were unemployed and 112 (44%) reported unemployment caused by being amputated. Pain was the most frequent problem, and 80 amputees (32%) reported to suffer from daily pain. Family income was significantly correlated with the physical pain (OR=0.54, CI 0.36 to 0.80, p=0.002). Psychological distress was higher among unemployed amputees (OR=1.36, CI 1.07 to 1.72, p=0.011). We found no association between psychological distress (GHQ-scores) and the extent of the initial amputation. CONCLUSION Pain and psychological distress following war-related extremity amputation of one or more limbs correlated stronger with deteriorated family economy and being unemployed than with the anatomical and medical severity of extremity amputations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yahya Al-Borno
- Surgical department, Al-Shifa Hospital, Gaza City, Palestine
| | - Samar Shaqqoura
- Surgical department, Al-Shifa Hospital, Gaza City, Palestine
| | - Nashwa Skaik
- Surgical department, Al-Shifa Hospital, Gaza City, Palestine
| | - Lasse Melvaer Giil
- Department of Internal medicine, Haraldsplass Diakonale Sykehus AS, Bergen, Norway
| | - Mads Gilbert
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
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Wang JL, Yin WY, Zhang HL, Wang XC. [Study on the general mental health status and influencing factors of Chinese Medical Team members]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2019; 40:574-579. [PMID: 31177741 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2019.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the mental health status of the Chinese Medical Team (CMT) members and its influencing factors. Methods: A total of 1 015 members of the CMT were recruited and surveyed by using a self-administered questionnaire and 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) from May 10 to June 10, 2018. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to identify risk factors for mental health problems. Results: A total of 808 subjects completed the questionnaire and an estimated 25.9% of them were suspected to have mental health problems (GHQ-12≥3). Logistic model analysis indicated that family life (OR=1.928, 95%CI: 1.162-3.197), domestic work status (OR=2.069, 95%CI: 1.210-3.538), father's health status (OR=1.703, 95%CI: 1.060-2.736), disease symptoms (OR=2.087, 95%CI: 1.363-3.194), captain (OR=1.996, 95%CI: 1.128-3.532), cultural differences (OR=2.439, 95%CI: 1.621-3.671) were the risk factors for mental health. Age (OR=0.736, 95%CI: 0.571-0.949), leisure activities (OR=0.654, 95%CI: 0.490-0.872) were the protective factors. Drinking habits (OR=7.439, 95%CI: 1.290- 42.900), loneliness (OR=4.094, 95%CI: 2.438-6.875), and respect from the hospital (OR=0.783, 95%CI: 0.610-1.004) were relative to mental health problems. Conclusion: CMT members have certain mental health problems, especially young members and captains. Therefore, interventions should be implemented to improve the mental health of CMT members and to promote the development of foreign aid work.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Wang
- Center for Global Public Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
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Ocean N, Howley P, Ensor J. Lettuce be happy: A longitudinal UK study on the relationship between fruit and vegetable consumption and well-being. Soc Sci Med 2019; 222:335-345. [PMID: 30626498 PMCID: PMC6381324 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2018.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Revised: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Rationale While the role of diet in influencing physical health is now well-established, some recent research suggests that increased consumption of fruits and vegetables could play a role in enhancing mental well-being. A limitation with much of this existing research is its reliance on cross-sectional correlations, convenience samples, and/or lack of adequate controls. Objective We aim to add to the emerging literature on the relationship between fruit and vegetable consumption and well-being by using longitudinal data from a study in the United Kingdom (UK). Method We employ panel data analytical techniques on three waves collected between 2010 and 2017 (i.e., following the same individuals over time) in the UK Household Longitudinal Survey. We also control for time-variant confounders such as diet, health, and lifestyle behaviours. Results Fixed effects regressions show that mental well-being (GHQ-12) responds in a dose-response fashion to increases in both the quantity and the frequency of fruit and vegetables consumed. This relationship is robust to the use of subjective well-being (life satisfaction) instead of mental well-being. We also document a hump-shaped relationship between fruit and vegetable consumption and age. Conclusion Our findings provide further evidence that persuading people to consume more fruits and vegetables may not only benefit their physical health in the long-run, but also their mental well-being in the short-run. Increased fruit & vegetable consumption can enhance mental well-being. Increasing frequency and increasing quantity of consumption both matter. The relationship is robust to different measures of well-being. A hump-shaped relationship appeared between age and fruit and vegetable consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jonathan Ensor
- Stockholm Environment Institute, University of York, UK.
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El-Metwally A, Javed S, Razzak HA, Aldossari KK, Aldiab A, Al-Ghamdi SH, Househ M, Shubair MM, Al-Zahrani JM. The factor structure of the general health questionnaire (GHQ12) in Saudi Arabia. BMC Health Serv Res 2018; 18:595. [PMID: 30071833 PMCID: PMC6472711 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-018-3381-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The General Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ-12) is one of the most unique and extensively used self-report instruments for evaluating psychological disorders and strains. However, the factor structure of GHQ-12 has not been fully explored. The current study aims to assess the factorial structure of GHQ-12 in a large cross-sectional data-set extracted from Al Kharj central region of Saudi Arabia. Methods Population based cross sectional data was extracted from January 2016 to June 2016 from Al Kharj population recruiting 1019 respondents aged 18 and above. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was applied together with multiple regression analysis to extract and retain factors. Mean GHQ-12 score for demographic and health-related traits were used for assessing this association. Statistical analysis was carried out using STATA version 12.1. Results Three factors, including social dysfunction, anxiety, and loss of confidence were extracted from the factor structure. 55% of the overall variance was obtained through these factors. Total score of GHQ-12 ranged from 0 to 32 with a mean score of 12. Conclusion Investigation of the factor structure of GHQ-12 demonstrated that GHQ-12 is a good measure for evaluating the general health of Saudi population. Future studies based on a larger sample size of non-clinical respondents will be useful to evaluate the practical effectiveness of GHQ-12 factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashraf El-Metwally
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC)/College of Public Health and Health Informatics, King Saud Bin AbdulAziz University for Health Sciences, Mail Code 2350; P.O. Box 3660, Riyadh, 11481, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. .,Docent of Epidemiology, School of Health Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland.
| | - Sundas Javed
- College of Public Health and Health Informatics, King Saud Bin AbdulAziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Khaled K Aldossari
- Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdurrahman Aldiab
- Internal Medicine Department, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sameer H Al-Ghamdi
- Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mowafa Househ
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC)/College of Public Health and Health Informatics, King Saud Bin AbdulAziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mamdouh M Shubair
- School of Health Sciences, University of Northern British Columbia (UNBC) 3333 University Way, Prince George, BC, V2N 4Z9, Canada
| | - Jamaan M Al-Zahrani
- Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
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Panebianco A, Sampogna F, Iemboli ML, Sobrino L, Andreoli E, Antinone V, Mazzanti C, Abeni D. A screening programme for dermatologists as a guide to request psychological consultation in routine clinical practice. Eur J Dermatol 2018; 28:326-31. [PMID: 29952301 DOI: 10.1684/ejd.2018.3316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The psychosocial impact of skin conditions is usually evaluated in research settings. OBJECTIVES To define predictors that can be used by dermatologists to refer patients for psychological consultation or psychotherapy using a simple screening instrument. MATERIALS & METHODS A questionnaire to evaluate possible anxiety and depression (12-item General Health Questionnaire [GHQ-12]) was routinely used over a period of two months in an Italian dermatological reference centre. RESULTS Of 651 patients, 508 (78%) completed the GHQ-12. Of the total sample, 35.2% scored 4 or more (psychological consultation suggested), and 15.7% scored 7 or more (psychological consultation recommended). Probable depression or anxiety was more frequent in women than in men, in patients born in foreign countries, and in patients with leg ulcers, pemphigoid, and psoriasis. CONCLUSION Our results indicate that a simple instrument may be useful for dermatologists to detect patients at risk of psychological problems and subsequently refer them for psychological consultation.
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Cossar R, Stoové M, Kinner SA, Dietze P, Aitken C, Curtis M, Kirwan A, Ogloff JRP. The associations of poor psychiatric well-being among incarcerated men with injecting drug use histories in Victoria, Australia. Health Justice 2018; 6:1. [PMID: 29330606 PMCID: PMC5766477 DOI: 10.1186/s40352-018-0059-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dual substance dependence and psychiatric and psychological morbidities are overrepresented in prison populations and associated with reoffending. In the context of an increasing prison population in Australia, investigating the needs of vulnerable people in prison with a dual diagnosis can help inform in-prison screening and treatment and improve prison and community service integration and continuation of care. In this study we quantified psychiatric well-being in a sample of people in prison with a history of injecting drug use in Victoria, Australia, and identified factors associated with this outcome. METHODS AND RESULTS Data for this paper come from baseline interviews undertaken in the weeks prior to release as part of a prospective cohort study of incarcerated men who reported regular injecting drug use prior to their current sentence. Eligible participants completed a researcher-administered structured questionnaire that canvassed a range of issues. Psychiatric well-being was assessed using the 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) and potential correlates were included based on a review of the literature. Of the 317 men included for analyses, 139 were classified as experiencing current poor psychiatric well-being. In the multivariate model using modified logistic regression, history of suicide attempt (aOR = 1.36, 95%CI 1.03-1.78), two or more medical conditions (aOR = 1.87, 95%CI 1.30-2.67) and use of crystal methamphetamine in the week prior to their current sentence (aOR = 1.52, 95%CI 1.05-2.22) were statistically significantly associated with current poor psychiatric well-being. CONCLUSIONS Comprehensively addressing the health-related needs for this vulnerable population will require a multidisciplinary approach and enhancing opportunities to screen and triage people in prison for mental health and other potential co-occurring health issues will provide opportunities to better address individual health needs and reoffending risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reece Cossar
- Centre for Forensic Behavioural Science, Swinburne University of Technology & Forensicare, Melbourne, Australia
- Behaviours and Health Risks, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Mark Stoové
- Behaviours and Health Risks, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Stuart A. Kinner
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- Centre for Adolescent Health, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- Centre for Mental Health, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- Griffith Criminology Institute, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia
- Mater Research Institute-UQ, University of Queensland, Mount Gravatt, Australia
| | - Paul Dietze
- Behaviours and Health Risks, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Campbell Aitken
- Behaviours and Health Risks, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Michael Curtis
- Behaviours and Health Risks, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Amy Kirwan
- Behaviours and Health Risks, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - James R. P. Ogloff
- Centre for Forensic Behavioural Science, Swinburne University of Technology & Forensicare, Melbourne, Australia
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Romppel M, Hinz A, Finck C, Young J, Brähler E, Glaesmer H. Cross-cultural measurement invariance of the General Health Questionnaire-12 in a German and a Colombian population sample. Int J Methods Psychiatr Res 2017; 26:e1532. [PMID: 28147466 PMCID: PMC6877231 DOI: 10.1002/mpr.1532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Revised: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 06/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
While the General Health Questionnaire, 12-item version (GHQ-12) has been widely used in cross-cultural comparisons, rigorous tests of the measurement equivalence of different language versions are still lacking. Thus, our study aims at investigating configural, metric and scalar invariance across the German and the Spanish version of the GHQ-12 in two population samples. The GHQ-12 was applied in two large-scale population-based samples in Germany (N = 1,977) and Colombia (N = 1,500). To investigate measurement equivalence, confirmatory factor analyses were conducted in both samples. In the German sample mean GHQ-12 total scores were higher than in the Colombian sample. A one-factor model including response bias on the negatively worded items showed superior fit in the German and the Colombian sample; thus both versions of the GHQ-12 showed configural invariance. Factor loadings and intercepts were not equal across both samples; thus GHQ-12 showed no metric and scalar invariance. As both versions of the GHQ-12 did not show measurement equivalence, it is not recommendable to compare both measures and to conclude that mental distress is higher in the German sample, although we do not know if the differences are attributable to measurement problems or represent a real difference in mental distress. The study underlines the importance of measurement equivalence in cross-cultural comparisons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Romppel
- Institute for Public Health and Nursing Research, Department of Prevention and Health PromotionBremen UniversityBremenGermany
| | - Andreas Hinz
- Department of Medical Psychology and Medical SociologyUniversity of LeipzigLeipzigGermany
| | - Carolyn Finck
- Department of PsychologyUniversidad de los AndesBogotáColombia
| | - Jeremy Young
- Department of PsychologyUniversidad de los AndesBogotáColombia
| | - Elmar Brähler
- Department of Medical Psychology and Medical SociologyUniversity of LeipzigLeipzigGermany
- University Medical Center, Clinic for Psychosomatic Medicine and PsychotherapyJohannes Gutenberg University MainzMainzGermany
| | - Heide Glaesmer
- Department of Medical Psychology and Medical SociologyUniversity of LeipzigLeipzigGermany
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Dzhambov A, Tilov B, Markevych I, Dimitrova D. Residential road traffic noise and general mental health in youth: The role of noise annoyance, neighborhood restorative quality, physical activity, and social cohesion as potential mediators. Environ Int 2017; 109:1-9. [PMID: 28917129 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2017.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Revised: 08/26/2017] [Accepted: 09/09/2017] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Given the ubiquitous nature of both noise pollution and mental disorders, their alleged association has not escaped the spotlight of public health research. The effect of traffic noise on mental health is probably mediated by other factors, which have not been elucidated sufficiently. Herein, we aimed to disentangle the pathways linking road traffic noise to general mental health in Bulgarian youth, with a focus on several candidate mediators - noise annoyance, perceived restorative quality of the living environment, physical activity, and neighborhood social cohesion. A cross-sectional sample was collected in October - December 2016 in the city of Plovdiv, Bulgaria. It consisted of 399 students aged 15-25years, recruited from two high schools and three universities. Road traffic noise exposure (Lden) was derived from the strategic noise map of Plovdiv. Mental health was measured with the 12-item form of the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12). Noise annoyance, perceived restorative quality of the living environment, commuting and leisure time physical activity, and neighborhood social cohesion were assessed using validated questionnaires. Analyses were based on linear regression mediation models and a structural equation modeling (SEM) to account for the hypothesized interdependencies between candidate mediators. Results showed that higher noise exposure was associated with worse mental health only indirectly. More specifically, tests of the single and parallel mediation models indicated independent indirect paths through noise annoyance, social cohesion, and physical activity. In addition, the SEM revealed that more noise annoyance was associated with less social cohesion, and in turn with worse mental health; noise annoyance was also associated with lower neighborhood restorative quality, thereby with less social cohesion and physical activity, and in turn with worse mental health. However, causality could not be established. Further research is warranted to expand our still limited understanding of these person-environment interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angel Dzhambov
- Department of Hygiene and Ecomedicine, Faculty of Public Health, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria.
| | - Boris Tilov
- Medical College, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria; Department of Management, Faculty of Economics and Management, University of Agribusiness and Rural Development, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Iana Markevych
- Institute for Occupational, Social, and Environmental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany; Institute of Epidemiology I, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Donka Dimitrova
- Department of Health Management and Healthcare Economics, Faculty of Public Health, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
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