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Bi J, Zheng M, Li K, Sun S, Zhang Z, Yan N, Li X. Relationships of serum FGF23 and α- klotho with atherosclerosis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2024; 23:128. [PMID: 38622690 PMCID: PMC11020347 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-024-02205-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Compelling evidence suggests that calcium/phosphorus homeostasis-related parameters may be linked to diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular events. However, few studies have investigated the association of fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23), α-klotho and FGF23/α-klotho ratio with atherosclerosis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). OBJECTIVE This study was designed to evaluate whether FGF23, α-klotho and FGF23/α-klotho ratio are associated with T2DM and further to explore the relationships between these three factors and atherosclerosis in Chinese patients with T2DM. METHODS Serum FGF23 and α-klotho levels were measured via an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit, and the carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) was assessed via high-resolution color Doppler ultrasonography. The associations of serum FGF23, α-klotho and FGF23/α-klotho ratio with atherosclerosis in T2DM patients were evaluated using multivariable logistic regression models. RESULTS This cross-sectional study involved 403 subjects (207 with T2DM and 196 without T2DM), 41.7% of the patients had atherosclerosis, and 67.2% of the carotid intima were thickened to a thickness greater than 0.9 mm. Compared with those in the lowest tertile, higher tertiles of FGF23 levels and FGF23/α-klotho ratio were positively associated with T2DM after adjusting for covariates, and serum α-klotho concentration was inversely correlated with T2DM (all P values < 0.01). Moreover, elevated serum FGF23 levels and FGF23/α-klotho ratio were positively associated with CIMT and carotid atherosclerosis in T2DM patients (all P values < 0.01). Further spline analysis similarly revealed linear dose‒response relationship (all P values < 0.01). And there was still significant differences in CIMT and carotid atherosclerosis between the highest group of α-klotho and the reference group in T2DM patients (P values = 0.05). CONCLUSIONS T2DM was positively linearly related to serum FGF23 concentration and FGF23/α-klotho ratio, and negatively correlated with serum α-klotho concentration. Furthermore, both FGF23 and FGF23/α-klotho ratio were positively correlated with CIMT and atherosclerosis in T2DM patients, while α-klotho was inversely correlated with both CIMT and atherosclerosis, although the associations were not completely significant. Prospective exploration and potential mechanisms underlying these associations remain to be further elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Bi
- Xi'an Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Common Aging Diseases, Translational and Research Centre for Prevention and Therapy of Chronic Disease, Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, 710021, PR China
| | - Mei Zheng
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical College, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, 710021, China
| | - Ke Li
- Xi'an Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Common Aging Diseases, Translational and Research Centre for Prevention and Therapy of Chronic Disease, Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, 710021, PR China
| | - Siwei Sun
- Xi'an Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Common Aging Diseases, Translational and Research Centre for Prevention and Therapy of Chronic Disease, Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, 710021, PR China
| | - Zihang Zhang
- Xi'an Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Common Aging Diseases, Translational and Research Centre for Prevention and Therapy of Chronic Disease, Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, 710021, PR China
| | - Nana Yan
- Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710068, China
| | - Xueping Li
- Xi'an Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Common Aging Diseases, Translational and Research Centre for Prevention and Therapy of Chronic Disease, Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, 710021, PR China.
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Favero C, Pintor-Chocano A, Sanz A, Ortiz A, Sanchez-Niño MD. Butyrate promotes kidney resilience through a coordinated kidney protective response in tubular cells. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 224:116203. [PMID: 38615919 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is common in hospitalized patients and increases short-term and long-term mortality. Treatment options for AKI are limited. Gut microbiota products such as the short-chain fatty acid butyrate have anti-inflammatory actions that may protect tissues, including the kidney, from injury. However, the molecular mechanisms of tissue protection by butyrate are poorly understood. Treatment with oral butyrate for two weeks prior to folic acid-induced AKI and during AKI improved kidney function and decreased tubular injury and kidney inflammation while stopping butyrate before AKI was not protective. Continuous butyrate preserved the expression of kidney protective factors such as Klotho, PGC-1α and Nlrp6 which were otherwise downregulated. In cultured tubular cells, butyrate blunted the maladaptive tubular cell response to a proinflammatory milieu, preserving the expression of kidney protective factors. Kidney protection afforded by this continuous butyrate schedule was confirmed in a second model of nephrotoxic AKI, cisplatin nephrotoxicity, where the expression of kidney protective factors was also preserved. To assess the contribution of preservation of kidney protective factors to kidney resilience, recombinant Klotho was administered to mice with cisplatin-AKI and shown to preserve the expression of PGC-1α and Nlrp6, decrease kidney inflammation and protect from AKI. In conclusion, butyrate promotes kidney resilience to AKI and decreases inflammation by preventing the downregulation of kidney protective genes such as Klotho. This information may be relevant to optimize antibiotic management during hospitalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Favero
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Ana Sanz
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz UAM, Madrid, Spain; RICORS2040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Ortiz
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz UAM, Madrid, Spain; RICORS2040, Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Maria D Sanchez-Niño
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz UAM, Madrid, Spain; RICORS2040, Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
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Liu J, Wang H, Liu Q, Long S, Wu Y, Wang N, Lin W, Chen G, Lin M, Wen J. Klotho exerts protection in chronic kidney disease associated with regulating inflammatory response and lipid metabolism. Cell Biosci 2024; 14:46. [PMID: 38584258 PMCID: PMC11000353 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-024-01226-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The anti-aging protein Klotho plays a protective role in kidney disease, but its potential as a biomarker for chronic kidney disease (CKD) is controversial. Additionally, the main pathways through which Klotho exerts its effects on CKD remain unclear. Therefore, we used bioinformatics and clinical data analysis to determine its role in CKD. RESULTS We analyzed the transcriptomic and clinical data from the Nephroseq v5 database and found that the Klotho gene was mainly expressed in the tubulointerstitium, and its expression was significantly positively correlated with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and negatively correlated with blood urea nitrogen (BUN) in CKD. We further found that Klotho gene expression was mainly negatively associated with inflammatory response and positively associated with lipid metabolism in CKD tubulointerstitium by analyzing two large sample-size CKD tubulointerstitial transcriptome datasets. By analyzing 10-year clinical data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007-2016, we also found that Klotho negatively correlated with inflammatory biomarkers and triglyceride and positively correlated with eGFR in the CKD population. Mediation analysis showed that Klotho could improve renal function in the general population by modulating the inflammatory response and lipid metabolism, while in the CKD population, it primarily manifested by mediating the inflammatory response. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis showed that the optimal concentration range for Klotho to exert its biological function was around 1000 pg/ml. Kaplan-Meier curves showed that lower cumulative hazards of all-cause mortality in participants with higher levels of Klotho. We also demonstrated that Klotho could reduce cellular inflammatory response and improve cellular lipid metabolism by establishing an in vitro model similar to CKD. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that Klotho exerts protection in CKD, which may be mainly related to the regulation of inflammatory response and lipid metabolism, and it can serve as a potential biomarker for CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhui Liu
- Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Huaicheng Wang
- Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qinyu Liu
- Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Shushu Long
- Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yanfang Wu
- Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Nengying Wang
- Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Wei Lin
- Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.
- Department of Endocrinology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.
| | - Miao Lin
- Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.
- Department of Nephrology, Provincial Clinical College, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.
| | - Junping Wen
- Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.
- Department of Endocrinology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.
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Edmonston D, Fuchs MAA, Burke EJ, Isakova T, Wolf M. Klotho and Clinical Outcomes in CKD. Am J Kidney Dis 2024:S0272-6386(24)00690-5. [PMID: 38583756 DOI: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2024.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
RATIONALE & OBJECTIVE Klotho deficiency may affect clinical outcomes in chronic kidney disease (CKD) through fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF23)-dependent and independent pathways. However, the association between circulating Klotho and clinical outcomes in CKD remains unresolved and was the focus of this study. STUDY DESIGN Prospective observational study. SETTING & PARTICIPANTS 1088 participants of the Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort (CRIC) Study with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) 20-70 ml/min/1.73m2. EXPOSURE Plasma Klotho level at the year-1 study visit. OUTCOMES 5-year risks of all-cause mortality, heart failure hospitalization, atherosclerotic cardiovascular events, and a composite kidney endpoint comprised of a sustained 50% decline in eGFR, dialysis, kidney transplantation, or eGFR <15 ml/min/1.73 m2. ANALYTICAL APPROACH We divided Klotho into six groups to account for its non-normal distribution. We used Cox proportional hazards regression and subdistribution hazards models to compare survival and clinical outcomes, respectively, between Klotho groups. We sequentially adjusted for demographics, kidney function, cardiovascular risk factors, sample age, and FGF23. RESULTS Mean eGFR was 42 ml/min/1.73m2, and median Klotho was 0.31 ng/ml (interquartile range 0.10-3.27 ng/ml). When compared to the lowest Klotho group, survival (hazard ratio [HR] 0.77, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.32-1.89), heart failure hospitalization (HR 1.10, 95% CI 0.38-3.17), atherosclerotic cardiovascular events (HR 1.19, 95% CI 0.57-2.52), and CKD progression (HR 1.05, 95% CI 0.58-1.91) did not differ in the high Klotho group. In contrast, FGF23 was significantly associated with mortality and heart failure hospitalization independent of Klotho levels. LIMITATIONS Despite adjustments, we cannot exclude potential influence of residual confounding or sample storage on the results. A single measurement of plasma Klotho may not capture Klotho patterns over time. CONCLUSIONS In a large, diverse, well-characterized CKD cohort, Klotho was not associated with clinical outcomes, and Klotho deficiency did not confound the association of FGF23 with mortality or heart failure hospitalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Edmonston
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA; Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.
| | - Michaela A A Fuchs
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Emily J Burke
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Tamara Isakova
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine and Center for Translational Metabolism and Health, Institute for Public Health and Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Myles Wolf
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA; Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
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Kadier K, Liu P, Dilixiati D, Peng X, Ainiwaer A, Kadier D, Lu J, Liu X, Ainiwan M, Wang Q, Ma X, Ma Y. Maintaining ideal cardiovascular health is associated with higher serum anti-aging protein klotho in the middle-aged and older populations. J Nutr Health Aging 2024; 28:100224. [PMID: 38582034 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnha.2024.100224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Maintaining ideal cardiovascular health (CVH) is believed to have potential anti-aging benefits. The American Heart Association (AHA) recently updated the "Life's Essential 8 (LE8)" metrics to measure ideal CVH, but its connection with the anti-aging protein klotho is still unclear. We aimed to explore the relationship between ideal cardiovascular health and serum anti-aging protein klotho in a nationally representative US middle-aged and older population. DESIGN A cross-sectional study. SETTING The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2007-2016). PARTICIPANTS A total of 9457 middle-aged and older participants. MEASUREMENTS Ideal CVH scores and their components were defined according to the guidelines set by the AHA. Serum klotho detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Weighted multivariable linear regression and restricted cubic spline were employed to examine the association between CVH score and klotho. Subgroup analyses were conducted, stratified by age (40-59 and 60-79), sex (Male and Female), race (Mexican American, non-Hispanic White, non-Hispanic Black, and Others) and chronic kidney disease (Yes and No) in fully adjusted models. RESULTS A total of 9457 middle-aged and older participants were included in this study, with a mean age of 55.27 ± 0.17 years. The mean serum klotho level in the population was 849.33 ± 5.39 pg/mL. After controlling for potential confounders, the LE8 score showed a positive correlation with serum klotho levels (β: 1.32; 95% CI 0.73, 1.91), and a non-linear dose-response relationship was observed. Furthermore, we also discovered a positive relationship between health behaviors score and health factors score and serum klotho levels (β: 0.48; 95% CI 0.07, 0.88 and β: 1.05; 95% CI 0.54, 1.56, respectively), particularly a stronger correlation between health factors and serum klotho. In the subgroup analysis, we observed a significant interaction between LE8 score and sex and race. (P for interaction <0.05). CONCLUSIONS LE8 and its subscale scores were positively associated with serum klotho levels in the middle-aged and older populations. Promoting the maintenance of ideal CVH can contribute to delaying the aging process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaisaierjiang Kadier
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Pengfei Liu
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Diliyaer Dilixiati
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Xinliang Peng
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Aikeliyaer Ainiwaer
- Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Dinigeer Kadier
- Data Science and Business Analytics, Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jiande Lu
- Department of General Surgery, Children's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, China
| | - Xiaozhu Liu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Mierxiati Ainiwan
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Xiang Ma
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China.
| | - Yitong Ma
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China.
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Chen H, Zhang Y, Miao Y, Song H, Tang L, Liu W, Li W, Miao J, Li X. Vitamin D inhibits ferroptosis and mitigates the kidney injury of prediabetic mice by activating the Klotho/p53 signaling pathway. Apoptosis 2024:10.1007/s10495-024-01955-4. [PMID: 38558206 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-024-01955-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a serious public health problem worldwide, and ferroptosis is deeply involved in the pathogenesis of DN. Prediabetes is a critical period in the prevention and control of diabetes and its complications, in which kidney injury occurs. This study aimed to explore whether ferroptosis would induce kidney injury in prediabetic mice, and whether vitamin D (VD) supplementation is capable of preventing kidney injury by inhibiting ferroptosis, while discussing the potential mechanisms. High-fat diet (HFD) fed KKAy mice and high glucose (HG) treated HK-2 cells were used as experimental subjects in the current study. Our results revealed that serious injury and ferroptosis take place in the kidney tissue of prediabetic mice; furthermore, VD intervention significantly improved the kidney structure and function in prediabetic mice and inhibited ferroptosis, showing ameliorated iron deposition, enhanced antioxidant capability, reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation accumulation. Meanwhile, VD up-regulated Klotho, solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11) and glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) expression, and down-regulated p53, transferrin receptor 1 (TFR1) and Acyl-Coenzyme A synthetase long-chain family member 4 (ACSL4) expression. Moreover, we demonstrated that HG-induced ferroptosis is antagonized by treatment of VD and knockdown of Klotho attenuates the protective effect of VD on ferroptosis in vitro. In conclusion, ferroptosis occurs in the kidney of prediabetic mice and VD owns a protective effect on prediabetic kidney injury, possibly by via the Klotho/p53 pathway, thus inhibiting hyperglycemia-induced ferroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Yujing Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Yufan Miao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Hanlu Song
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Lulu Tang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Wenyi Liu
- President's Office, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China
| | - Wenjie Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Jinxin Miao
- Academy of Chinese Medicine Science, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, Henan, China.
| | - Xing Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China.
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China.
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Liu XY, Zhang LY, Wang XY, Li SC, Hu YY, Zhang JG, Xian XH, Li WB, Zhang M. STAT4-Mediated Klotho Up-Regulation Contributes to the Brain Ischemic Tolerance by Cerebral Ischemic Preconditioning via Inhibiting Neuronal Pyroptosis. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:2336-2356. [PMID: 37875707 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03703-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
Our previous study has proved that the Klotho up-regulation participated in cerebral ischemic preconditioning (CIP)-induced brain ischemic tolerance. However, the exact neuroprotective mechanism of Klotho in CIP remains unclear. We explored the hypothesis that STAT4-mediated Klotho up-regulation contributes to the CIP-induced brain ischemic tolerance via inhibiting neuronal pyroptosis. Firstly, the expressions of pyroptosis-associated proteins (i.e., NLRP3, GSDMD, pro-caspase-1, and cleaved caspase-1) in hippocampal CA1 region were determined during the process of brain ischemic tolerance. We found the expression of pyroptosis-associated proteins was significantly up-regulated in the ischemic insult (II) group, and showed no significant changes in the CIP group. The expression level of each pyroptosis-associated proteins was lower in the CIP + II group than that in the II group. Inhibition of Klotho expression increased the expression of pyroptosis-associated proteins in the CIP + II group and blocked the CIP-induced brain ischemic tolerance. Injection of Klotho protein decreased the expression of pyroptosis-associated proteins in the II group, and protected neurons from ischemic injury. Secondly, the transcription factor STAT4 of Klotho was identified by bioinformatic analysis. Double luciferase reporter gene assay and chromatin immunoprecipitation assay showed STAT4 can bind to the site between nt - 881 and - 868 on the Klotho promoter region and positively regulates Klotho expression. Moreover, we found CIP significantly enhanced the expression of STAT4. Knockdown STAT4 suppressed Klotho up-regulation after CIP and blocked the CIP-induced brain ischemic tolerance. Collectively, it can be concluded that STAT4-mediated the up-regulation of Klotho contributed to the brain ischemic tolerance induced by CIP via inhibiting pyroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi-Yun Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Hebei Medical University, 361 Zhongshan East Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050017, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling-Yan Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Hebei Medical University, 361 Zhongshan East Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050017, People's Republic of China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Critical Disease Mechanism and Intervention, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Yu Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Hebei Medical University, 361 Zhongshan East Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050017, People's Republic of China
| | - Shi-Chao Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Hebei Medical University, 361 Zhongshan East Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050017, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Yan Hu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Hebei Medical University, 361 Zhongshan East Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050017, People's Republic of China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Critical Disease Mechanism and Intervention, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing-Ge Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Hebei Medical University, 361 Zhongshan East Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050017, People's Republic of China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Critical Disease Mechanism and Intervention, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Hui Xian
- Department of Pathophysiology, Hebei Medical University, 361 Zhongshan East Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050017, People's Republic of China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Critical Disease Mechanism and Intervention, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Bin Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Hebei Medical University, 361 Zhongshan East Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050017, People's Republic of China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Critical Disease Mechanism and Intervention, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Hebei Medical University, 361 Zhongshan East Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050017, People's Republic of China.
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Critical Disease Mechanism and Intervention, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China.
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Wagner CA, Rubio Aliaga I, Egli-Spichtig D. Is fibroblast growth factor 23 the main culprit for cardiovascular disease in chronic kidney disease? Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2024; 326:F561-F562. [PMID: 38205545 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00379.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Carsten A Wagner
- Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Hu MC, Reneau JA, Shi M, Takahashi M, Chen G, Mohammadi M, Moe OW. C-terminal fragment of fibroblast growth factor 23 improves heart function in murine models of high intact fibroblast growth factor 23. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2024; 326:F584-F599. [PMID: 38299214 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00298.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the major cause of death in chronic kidney disease (CKD) and is associated with high circulating fibroblast growth factor (FGF)23 levels. It is unresolved whether high circulating FGF23 is a mere biomarker or pathogenically contributes to cardiomyopathy. It is also unknown whether the C-terminal FGF23 peptide (cFGF23), a natural FGF23 antagonist proteolyzed from intact FGF23 (iFGF23), retards CKD progression and improves cardiomyopathy. We addressed these questions in three murine models with high endogenous FGF23 and cardiomyopathy. First, we examined wild-type (WT) mice with CKD induced by unilateral ischemia-reperfusion and contralateral nephrectomy followed by a high-phosphate diet. These mice were continuously treated with intraperitoneal implanted osmotic minipumps containing either iFGF23 protein to further escalate FGF23 bioactivity, cFGF23 peptide to block FGF23 signaling, vehicle, or scrambled peptide as negative controls. Exogenous iFGF23 protein given to CKD mice exacerbated pathological cardiac remodeling and CKD progression, whereas cFGF23 treatment improved heart and kidney function, attenuated fibrosis, and increased circulating soluble Klotho. WT mice without renal insult placed on a high-phosphate diet and homozygous Klotho hypomorphic mice, both of whom develop moderate CKD and clear cardiomyopathy, were treated with cFGF23 or vehicle. Mice treated with cFGF23 in both models had improved heart and kidney function and histopathology. Taken together, these data indicate high endogenous iFGF23 is not just a mere biomarker but pathogenically deleterious in CKD and cardiomyopathy. Furthermore, attenuation of FGF23 bioactivity by cFGF23 peptide is a promising therapeutic strategy to protect the kidney and heart from high FGF23 activity.NEW & NOTEWORTHY There is a strong correlation between cardiovascular morbidity and high circulating fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) levels, but causality was never proven. We used a murine chronic kidney disease (CKD) model to show that intact FGF23 (iFGF23) is pathogenic and contributes to both CKD progression and cardiomyopathy. Blockade of FGF23 signaling with a natural proteolytic product of iFGF23, C-terminal FGF23, alleviated kidney and cardiac histology, and function in three separate murine models of high endogenous FGF23.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Chang Hu
- Charles and Jane Pak Center of Mineral Metabolism and Clinical Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States
| | - James A Reneau
- Charles and Jane Pak Center of Mineral Metabolism and Clinical Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States
| | - Mingjun Shi
- Charles and Jane Pak Center of Mineral Metabolism and Clinical Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States
| | - Masaya Takahashi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States
- Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States
| | - Gaozhi Chen
- Charles and Jane Pak Center of Mineral Metabolism and Clinical Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States
| | - Moosa Mohammadi
- Charles and Jane Pak Center of Mineral Metabolism and Clinical Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States
| | - Orson W Moe
- Charles and Jane Pak Center of Mineral Metabolism and Clinical Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States
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Daryadel A, Tang C, Xie Y, Peitzsch M, Fisi V, Hantel C, Loffing-Cueni D, Breault DT, Penton D, Loffing J, Beuschlein F. Zona Glomerulosa-Derived Klotho Modulates Aldosterone Synthase Expression in Young Female Mice. Endocrinology 2024; 165:bqae040. [PMID: 38573585 PMCID: PMC11002783 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqae040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Klotho plays a critical role in the regulation of ion and fluid homeostasis. A previous study reported that haplo-insufficiency of Klotho in mice results in increased aldosterone synthase (CYP11B2) expression, elevated plasma aldosterone, and high blood pressure. This phenotype was presumed to be the result of diminished Klotho expression in zona glomerulosa (zG) cells of the adrenal cortex; however, systemic effects on adrenal aldosterone production could not be ruled out. To examine whether Klotho expressed in the zG is indeed a critical regulator of aldosterone synthesis, we generated a tamoxifen-inducible, zG-specific mouse model of Klotho deficiency by crossing Klotho-flox mice with Cyp11b2-CreERT mice (zG-Kl-KO). Tamoxifen-treated Cyp11b2-CreERT animals (zG-Cre) served as controls. Rosa26-mTmG reporter mice were used for Cre-dependent lineage-marking. Two weeks after tamoxifen induction, the specificity of the zG-Cre line was verified using immunofluorescence analysis to show that GFP expression was restricted to the zG. RNA in situ hybridization revealed a 65% downregulation of Klotho messenger RNA expression in the zG of zG-Kl-KO female mice at age 12 weeks compared to control mice. Despite this significant decrease, zG-Kl-KO mice exhibited no difference in plasma aldosterone levels. However, adrenal CYP11B2 expression and the CYP11B2 promotor regulatory transcription factors, NGFIB and Nurr1, were enhanced. Together with in vitro experiments, these results suggest that zG-derived Klotho modulates Cyp11b2 but does not evoke a systemic phenotype in young adult mice on a normal diet. Further studies are required to investigate the role of adrenal Klotho on aldosterone synthesis in aged animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arezoo Daryadel
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Clinical Nutrition, University Hospital of Zürich (USZ) and University of Zürich (UZH), 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Cong Tang
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Clinical Nutrition, University Hospital of Zürich (USZ) and University of Zürich (UZH), 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ye Xie
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Clinical Nutrition, University Hospital of Zürich (USZ) and University of Zürich (UZH), 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Mirko Peitzsch
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital and Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Viktoria Fisi
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Clinical Nutrition, University Hospital of Zürich (USZ) and University of Zürich (UZH), 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Constanze Hantel
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Clinical Nutrition, University Hospital of Zürich (USZ) and University of Zürich (UZH), 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - David T Breault
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - David Penton
- Electrophysiology Facility, University of Zurich, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Johannes Loffing
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Zürich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Felix Beuschlein
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Clinical Nutrition, University Hospital of Zürich (USZ) and University of Zürich (UZH), 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 81377 Munich, Germany
- The LOOP Zurich Medical Research Center, 8044 Zurich, Switzerland
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11
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Sadanandan J, Sathyanesan M, Newton SS. Regulation of trophic factors in the choroid plexus of aged mice. Res Sq 2024:rs.3.rs-4123786. [PMID: 38562722 PMCID: PMC10984084 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4123786/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Background The choroid plexus (CP) is an understudied tissue in the central nervous system (CNS), primarily implicated in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) production. Additionally, CP produces numerous neurotrophic factors (NTF), which circulate to different regions of the brain. Regulation of NTF in the CP during natural aging has yet to be discovered. Here, we investigated the age and gender-specific transcription of NTFs along with the changes in the tight junctional proteins (TJPs) and water channel protein Aquaporin (AQP1). Methods We used male and female mice for our study. We analyzed neurotrophic factor gene expression patterns using quantitative and digital droplet PCR at three different time points: mature adult, middle-aged, and aged. Additionally, we used immunohistochemical analysis (IHC) to evaluate in vivo protein expression. We further investigated the cellular phenotype of these NTFS, TJP and water channel proteins in the mouse CP by co-labeling them with the classical vascular marker, Isolectin B4, and epithelial cell marker, plectin. Results Aging significantly altered the NTF's gene expression in the CP Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), Midkine, VGF, Insulin-like growth factor (IGF1), IGF2, klotho, Erythropoietin, and its receptor were reduced in the aged CP of males and females. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) transcription was gender-specific; in males, gene expression is unchanged in the aged CP while females showed an age-dependent reduction. Age-dependent changes in VEGF localization were evident, from vasculature to epithelial cells. IGF2 and klotho localized in the basolateral membrane of the CP and showed an age-dependent reduction in epithelial cells. Water channel protein AQP1 localized in the tip of epithelial cells and showed an age-related reduction in mRNA and protein levels. TJP's JAM, CLAUDIN1, CLAUDIN2, and CLAUDIN5 were reduced in aged mice. Conclusions Our study highlights transcriptional level changes in the CP during aging. The age-related transcriptional changes exhibit similarities as well as gene-specific differences in the CP of males and females. Altered transcription of the water channel protein AQP1 and TJPs could be involved in reduced CSF production during aging. Importantly, reduction in the neurotrophic factors and longevity factor Klotho can play a role in regulating brain aging.
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唐 帅, 杨 扬, 李 湘, 别 炳, 张 建. [Clinical study on growth impairment induced by oral glucocorticoids based on FGF23/ Klotho homeostasis observations]. Zhongguo Dang Dai Er Ke Za Zhi 2024; 26:269-274. [PMID: 38557379 PMCID: PMC10986375 DOI: 10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2309160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To observe the correlation between growth impairment induced by long-term oral glucocorticoids (GC) therapy and the ratio of FGF23/Klotho in children with primary nephrotic syndrome (PNS). METHODS A prospective study was conducted on 56 children with GC-sensitive PNS who had discontinued GC therapy for more than 3 months and revisited the Department of Pediatrics of the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine between June 2022 and December 2022. After monitoring qualitative and quantitative urine protein levels upon admission, the children with proteinuria relapse were treated with GC (GC group; n=29), while those without relapse did not receive GC treatment (non-GC group; n=27). In addition, 29 healthy children aged 3 to prepuberty were selected as the control group. Height, bone age, growth rate, and the FGF23/Klotho ratio were compared among the groups. The correlations of the FGF23/Klotho ratio with height, bone age, and growth rate were analyzed. RESULTS The FGF23/Klotho ratio in the GC group was significantly higher than that in the non-GC group after 1 month of GC therapy (P<0.05), and the height and bone age growth rates within 6 months were lower than those in the non-GC group (P<0.05). Correlation analysis showed significant negative correlations between the FGF23/Klotho ratio after 1 month of treatment and the growth rates of height and bone age within 6 months in children with PNS (r=-0.356 and -0.436, respectively; P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS The disturbance in FGF23/Klotho homeostasis is one of the mechanisms underlying the growth impairment caused by long-term oral GC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - 建 张
- 河南中医药大学第一附属医院儿科医院,河南郑州450000
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13
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Belostotsky V, Atkinson SA, Filler G. Zinc Supplementation Trial in Pediatric Chronic Kidney Disease: Effects on Circulating FGF-23 and Klotho. Can J Kidney Health Dis 2024; 11:20543581241234723. [PMID: 38487751 PMCID: PMC10938622 DOI: 10.1177/20543581241234723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Zinc status, its role in bone metabolism and efficacy of deficiency correction has not been well studied in children with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Objectives The primary objective was to investigate whether 3 months of oral zinc supplementation corrects zinc deficiency in children with CKD who have native or transplanted kidneys. The secondary objective was to compare circulating intact FGF-23 (iFGF-23), c-terminal FGF-23 (cFGF-23), and Klotho between zinc-sufficient and zinc-deficient children with CKD and to assess the relationship between circulating zinc, iFGF-23, cFGF-23, Klotho, bone biomarkers, copper, and phosphate excretion pre-supplementation and post-supplementation of zinc. Methods Forty-one children (25 male and 16 female, age 12.94 ± 4.13 years) with CKD in native or transplanted kidneys were recruited through 2 pediatric nephrology divisions in Ontario, Canada. Of those, 14 patients (9 native CKD, 5 transplant CKD) with identified zinc deficiency (64% enrollment rate) received zinc citrate supplement for 3 months: 10 mg orally once (4-8 years) or twice (9-18 years) daily. Results Zinc deficiency (plasma concentration < 11.5 µmol/L) was found in 22 patients (53.7%). A linear regression model suggested that zinc concentration reduced by 0.026 µmol/L (P = .04) for every 1-unit of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) drop. Zinc deficiency status was associated with higher serum iFGF-23; however, this was predominantly determined by the falling GFR. Zinc deficient and sufficient children had similar circulating c-FGF-23 and alpha-Klotho. Normalization of plasma zinc concentration was achieved in 8 (5 native CKD and 3 transplant CKD) out of 14 treated patients rising from 10.04 ± 1.42 to 12.29 ± 3.77 μmol/L (P = .0038). There were no significant changes in other biochemical measures in all treated patients. A statistically significant (P = .0078) rise in c-FGF-23 was observed only in a subgroup of 11 children treated with zinc but not receiving calcitriol. Conclusions Zinc status is related to kidney function and possibly connected to bone metabolism in patients with CKD. However, it plays a minor role in fine-tuning various metabolic processes. In this exploratory non-randomized study, 3 months supplementation with zinc corrected deficiency in just over half of patients and only modestly affected bone metabolism in asymptomatic CKD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- V. Belostotsky
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Paediatrics, McMaster Children’s Hospital, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - S. A. Atkinson
- Department of Paediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - G. Filler
- Division of Nephrology, Departments of Paediatrics and Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada
- Lilibeth Caberto Kidney Clinical Research Unit, London, ON, Canada
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Ge S, Dong F, Tian C, Yang CH, Liu M, Wei J. Serum soluble alpha- klotho klotho and cognitive functioning in older adults aged 60 and 79: an analysis of cross-sectional data of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011 to 2014. BMC Geriatr 2024; 24:245. [PMID: 38468203 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-024-04661-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Klotho, consisting of membrane klotho and soluble alpha-klotho, is found to be associated with better cognitive outcomes in small samples of the aged population. We aimed to examine the association of serum soluble alpha-klotho with cognitive functioning among older adults using a nationally representative sample of U.S. older adults. METHOD A total of 2,173 U.S. older adults aged 60-79 years in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2011 to 2014 were included in this cross-sectional analysis. Serum soluble alpha-klotho was measured in the laboratory and analyzed with an ELISA kit. Cognitive function was measured using the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease Word Learning subtest (CERAD-WL) immediate and delayed memory, the Animal fluency test (AFT), and the Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST). Test-specific and global cognition z-scores were calculated based on sample means and standard deviations. Multivariable linear regression models were applied to examine the association of quartiles and continuous value of serum soluble alpha-klotho with test-specific and global cognition z-scores. Subgroup analysis was conducted by sex. The following covariates were included in the analysis- age, sex, race/ethnicity, education, depressive symptoms, smoking status, body mass index (BMI), physical activity, stroke, prevalent coronary heart disease, total cholesterol, and systolic blood pressure. All the information was self-reported or obtained from health exams. RESULTS Serum soluble alpha-klotho level in the lowest quartile was associated with lower z-scores for DSST (beta [β] =-0.13, 95% confidence interval [CI]: -0.25, -0.01). For subgroup analysis, serum soluble alpha-klotho level in the lowest quartile was associated with lower z-scores for DSST (β=-0.16, 95% CI: -0.32, -0.003) and global cognition (β=-0.14, 95% CI: -0.28, -0.01) among female participants. No association was found between continuous serum soluble alpha-klotho and cognitive functioning among the participants. CONCLUSIONS Lower serum soluble alpha-klotho quartile was associated with poorer cognitive functioning among older women. Future studies are expected to examine the longitudinal association between klotho levels and cognitive outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Ge
- College of Sciences and Technology, University of Houston-Downtown, Houston, TX, US
| | - Fanghong Dong
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missiouri, United States of America
| | - Chong Tian
- School of Nursing, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Chih-Hsiang Yang
- Department of Exercise Science, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, US
| | - Minhui Liu
- School of Nursing, Ningxia Medical University, No. 1160, Shengli Street, Xingqing District, 410013, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China.
| | - Jingkai Wei
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, US
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Wungu CDK, Susilo H, Alsagaff MY, Witarto BS, Witarto AP, Pakpahan C, Gusnanto A. Role of klotho and fibroblast growth factor 23 in arterial calcification, thickness, and stiffness: a meta-analysis of observational studies. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5712. [PMID: 38459119 PMCID: PMC10923819 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-56377-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024] Open
Abstract
This meta-analysis was conducted to clarify the role of klotho and fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF-23) in human arterial remodeling across recent studies, in terms of arterial calcification, thickness, and stiffness. A systematic literature search was conducted on five databases for articles up to December 2023. Arterial calcification, thickness, and stiffness were determined using the calcification score and artery affected, carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT), and pulse wave velocity (PWV), respectively. Sixty-two studies with a total of 27,459 individuals were included in this meta-analysis. Most studies involved chronic kidney disease patients. Study designs were mostly cross-sectional with only one case-control and nine cohorts. FGF-23 was positively correlated with arterial calcification (r = 0.446 [0.254-0.611], p < 0.0001 and aOR = 1.36 [1.09-1.69], p = 0.006), CIMT (r = 0.188 [0.02-0.354], p = 0.03), and PWV (r = 0.235 [0.159-0.310], p < 0.00001). By contrast, Klotho was inversely correlated with arterial calcification (r = - 0.388 [- 0.578 to - 0.159], p = 0.001) and CIMT (r = - 0.38 [- 0.53 to - 0.207], p < 0.00001). In conclusion, FGF-23 and Klotho were associated with arterial calcification, thickness, and stiffness, clarifying their role in arterial remodeling processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Citrawati Dyah Kencono Wungu
- Department of Physiology and Medical Biochemistry, Division of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, 60132, Indonesia.
- Institute of Tropical Disease, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, 60115, Indonesia.
| | - Hendri Susilo
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, 60132, Indonesia.
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Universitas Airlangga Hospital, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, 60115, Indonesia.
| | - Mochamad Yusuf Alsagaff
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, 60132, Indonesia
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Universitas Airlangga Hospital, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, 60115, Indonesia
| | | | - Andro Pramana Witarto
- Medical Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, 60132, Indonesia
| | - Cennikon Pakpahan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, 60132, Indonesia
| | - Arief Gusnanto
- School of Mathematics, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
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16
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Zhang FF, Xu YQ, Xiong JH, Hu JX, Zhu GS, Cheng SM. Bibliometric study and review of Klotho research: global characteristics and trends from 2000 to 2023. Int Urol Nephrol 2024; 56:1045-1056. [PMID: 37728807 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-023-03792-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although Klotho-related research has seen a significant upsurge, the field lacks comprehensive analytical representation and in-depth exploration of pertinent areas such as prevailing research trends and key focus areas. METHOD This review presents a bibliometric analysis of literature data gathered from the Web of Science Core Collection databases from January 1, 2000, to April 30, 2023. Parameters such as co-authorship, co-citation, co-occurrence, and the emergence of publications, countries, categories, references, and keywords were scrutinized predominantly using Citespace software. RESULTS Our investigation amassed a total of 3548 papers, with the United States leading in the quantity of publications (1175, accounting for 33.12%), followed by China (867, representing 24.44%), and Japan (439, accounting for 12.37%). While the United States is preeminent in the overall volume of publications, Scotland holds prominence in terms of centrality. Out of a total of 96 subject categories, urology and nephrology (573), and endocrinology and metabolism (542) were the two leading domains of Klotho-related publications. The 2011 paper titled "FGF23 induces left ventricular hypertrophy" by Faul C et al. holds the distinction of being the most frequently cited. The keywords "fibroblast growth factor 23," "phosphate homeostasis," and "functional variants" demonstrated the highest intensity, underscoring the potential of these research areas. CONCLUSION As the volume of literature grows, the role of Klotho in disease management and its applicability as a marker in disease progression warrant vigilant tracking and study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fen-Fen Zhang
- Graduate School, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yue-Qi Xu
- Graduate School, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jiang-Hao Xiong
- Graduate School, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jun-Xia Hu
- Graduate School, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi, China
| | - Guo-Shuang Zhu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.1688 Meiling Avenue, Nanchang, 33004, Jiangxi Province, China.
| | - Shao-Min Cheng
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.1688 Meiling Avenue, Nanchang, 33004, Jiangxi Province, China.
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17
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Glover F, Sullivan E, Mulloy E, Belladelli F, Del Giudice F, Eisenberg ML. The relationship between klotho, testosterone, and sexual health parameters among US adult men. J Endocrinol Invest 2024; 47:523-533. [PMID: 37648906 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-023-02163-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Klotho is a pleotropic hormone involved in a multitude of biological processes necessary for healthy aging, and affords protection from adverse events such as cardiovascular disease, inflammation, and various cancers. Emerging evidence suggests that klotho is also an important component of biochemical pathways that regulate hormone balance, which may include those pathways governing testosterone production and men's sexual health, though data are limited and results are mixed. OBJECTIVE Using a cohort of 767 men from the NHANES 2015-2016 survey cycle, we set out to quantify the association between serum klotho levels and serum testosterone levels, as well as clinical markers of men's sexual health (e.g., testosterone:estrogen ratio, bioavailable testosterone, and free testosterone). METHODS Multivariable linear and logistic regression models while controlling for potential confounders were constructed to quantify the relationship between serum klotho and testosterone, as well as between serum klotho and odds of low testosterone (serum testosterone < 300 ng/dL). RESULTS A positive association was observed between serum klotho and testosterone (β = 0.18, p = 0.04). Serum klotho levels were also stratified into quartiles, and we observed statistically significant increases in testosterone for increasing quartile level of klotho using the first quartile as the reference group (β = 90.51, p = 0.001, β = 106.93, p = 0.002, β = 95.33, p = 0.03 for quartiles 2, 3, and 4, respectively). The average testosterone values by quartiles of klotho were 306.9 ng/dL, 390 ng/dL, 409.3 ng/dL, and 436.6 ng/dL, respectively. We modeled important proxies for sexual health including bioavailable and free testosterone, the testosterone:estradiol ratio, and C-reactive protein. Men in the second quartile of klotho had a significantly lower odds of an abnormal testosterone:estradiol ratio compared to the first quartile [OR = 0.18, 95% CI = (0.03, 0.98)].We observed null associations between continuous serum klotho and odds of low testosterone [OR = 1.0, 95% CI = (1.0, 1.0)], and when stratified by quartile, we observed a significant decrease in the odds of low testosterone for individuals in the second quartile of klotho compared to the first quartile [OR = 0.21, 95% CI = (0.05, 0.91)]. In addition, C-reactive protein was inversely associated with testosterone in men (β = - 4.65, p = 0.001), and inversely associated with quartiles of klotho (β = - 2.28, p = 0.04, β = - 2.22, p = 0.04, β = - 2.28, p = 0.03, for quartiles 2, 3, and 4, respectively). CONCLUSION Our findings support previous studies suggesting a role for klotho in testosterone levels and sexual function among men. Future studies are warranted to corroborate these findings, determine clinical significance, and elucidate potential mechanisms underlying these associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Glover
- Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
| | - E Sullivan
- Pharmacology Department, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - E Mulloy
- Department of Urology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - F Belladelli
- Department of Maternal-Infant and Urological Sciences, "Sapienza" Rome University, Policlinico Umberto I Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - F Del Giudice
- Department of Maternal-Infant and Urological Sciences, "Sapienza" Rome University, Policlinico Umberto I Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - M L Eisenberg
- Department of Urology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
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Brandt S, Bernhardt A, Häberer S, Wolters K, Gehringer F, Reichardt C, Krause A, Geffers R, Kahlfuß S, Jeron A, Bruder D, Lindquist JA, Isermann B, Mertens PR. Comparative Analysis of Acute Kidney Injury Models and Related Fibrogenic Responses: Convergence on Methylation Patterns Regulated by Cold Shock Protein. Cells 2024; 13:367. [PMID: 38474331 DOI: 10.3390/cells13050367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fibrosis is characterized by excessive extracellular matrix formation in solid organs, disrupting tissue architecture and function. The Y-box binding protein-1 (YB-1) regulates fibrosis-related genes (e.g., Col1a1, Mmp2, and Tgfβ1) and contributes significantly to disease progression. This study aims to identify fibrogenic signatures and the underlying signaling pathways modulated by YB-1. METHODS Transcriptomic changes associated with matrix gene patterns in human chronic kidney diseases and murine acute injury models were analyzed with a focus on known YB-1 targets. Ybx1-knockout mouse strains (Ybx1ΔRosaERT+TX and Ybx1ΔLysM) were subjected to various kidney injury models. Fibrosis patterns were characterized by histopathological staining, transcriptome analysis, qRT-PCR, methylation analysis, zymography, and Western blotting. RESULTS Integrative transcriptomic analyses revealed that YB-1 is involved in several fibrogenic signatures related to the matrisome, the WNT, YAP/TAZ, and TGFß pathways, and regulates Klotho expression. Changes in the methylation status of the Klotho promoter by specific methyltransferases (DNMT) are linked to YB-1 expression, extending to other fibrogenic genes. Notably, kidney-resident cells play a significant role in YB-1-modulated fibrogenic signaling, whereas infiltrating myeloid immune cells have a minimal impact. CONCLUSIONS YB-1 emerges as a master regulator of fibrogenesis, guiding DNMT1 to fibrosis-related genes. This highlights YB-1 as a potential target for epigenetic therapies interfering in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Brandt
- Clinic of Nephrology and Hypertension, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Medical Faculty, Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology and Inflammation (GCI-3), Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Health and Medical Prevention (CHaMP), Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Anja Bernhardt
- Clinic of Nephrology and Hypertension, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Medical Faculty, Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology and Inflammation (GCI-3), Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Health and Medical Prevention (CHaMP), Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Saskia Häberer
- Clinic of Nephrology and Hypertension, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Katharina Wolters
- Clinic of Nephrology and Hypertension, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Fabian Gehringer
- Clinic of Nephrology and Hypertension, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Medical Faculty, Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology and Inflammation (GCI-3), Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Health and Medical Prevention (CHaMP), Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Charlotte Reichardt
- Clinic of Nephrology and Hypertension, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Medical Faculty, Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology and Inflammation (GCI-3), Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Health and Medical Prevention (CHaMP), Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Anna Krause
- Clinic of Nephrology and Hypertension, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Medical Faculty, Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology and Inflammation (GCI-3), Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Health and Medical Prevention (CHaMP), Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Robert Geffers
- Genome Analytics Research Group, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Sascha Kahlfuß
- Medical Faculty, Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology and Inflammation (GCI-3), Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Health and Medical Prevention (CHaMP), Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Infection Control and Prevention, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Jeron
- Medical Faculty, Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology and Inflammation (GCI-3), Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Health and Medical Prevention (CHaMP), Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Infection Control and Prevention, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Research Group Immune Regulation, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Dunja Bruder
- Medical Faculty, Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology and Inflammation (GCI-3), Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Health and Medical Prevention (CHaMP), Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Infection Control and Prevention, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Research Group Immune Regulation, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Jonathan A Lindquist
- Clinic of Nephrology and Hypertension, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Medical Faculty, Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology and Inflammation (GCI-3), Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Health and Medical Prevention (CHaMP), Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Berend Isermann
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig University, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Peter R Mertens
- Clinic of Nephrology and Hypertension, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Medical Faculty, Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology and Inflammation (GCI-3), Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Health and Medical Prevention (CHaMP), Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
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Chiuariu T, Șalaru D, Ureche C, Vasiliu L, Lupu A, Lupu VV, Șerban AM, Zăvoi A, Benchea LC, Clement A, Tudurachi BS, Sascău RA, Stătescu C. Cardiac and Renal Fibrosis, the Silent Killer in the Cardiovascular Continuum: An Up-to-Date. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2024; 11:62. [PMID: 38392276 PMCID: PMC10889423 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd11020062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) often coexist and have a major impact on patient prognosis. Organ fibrosis plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of cardio-renal syndrome (CRS), explaining the high incidence of heart failure and sudden cardiac death in these patients. Various mediators and mechanisms have been proposed as contributors to the alteration of fibroblasts and collagen turnover, varying from hemodynamic changes to the activation of the renin-angiotensin system, involvement of FGF 23, and Klotho protein or collagen deposition. A better understanding of all the mechanisms involved has prompted the search for alternative therapeutic targets, such as novel inhibitors of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), serelaxin, and neutralizing interleukin-11 (IL-11) antibodies. This review focuses on the molecular mechanisms of cardiac and renal fibrosis in the CKD and heart failure (HF) population and highlights the therapeutic alternatives designed to target the responsible pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Traian Chiuariu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Iasi, 16 University Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Prof. Dr. George I.M. Georgescu Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Carol I Boulevard, No. 50, 700503 Iasi, Romania
| | - Delia Șalaru
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Iasi, 16 University Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Prof. Dr. George I.M. Georgescu Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Carol I Boulevard, No. 50, 700503 Iasi, Romania
| | - Carina Ureche
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Iasi, 16 University Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Prof. Dr. George I.M. Georgescu Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Carol I Boulevard, No. 50, 700503 Iasi, Romania
| | - Laura Vasiliu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Iasi, 16 University Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Prof. Dr. George I.M. Georgescu Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Carol I Boulevard, No. 50, 700503 Iasi, Romania
| | - Ancuta Lupu
- Department of Pediatrics, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Vasile Valeriu Lupu
- Department of Pediatrics, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Adela Mihaela Șerban
- Cardiology Department, Heart Institute Niculae Stăncioiu, 19-21 Motilor Street, 400001 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Alexandra Zăvoi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Iasi, 16 University Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Prof. Dr. George I.M. Georgescu Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Carol I Boulevard, No. 50, 700503 Iasi, Romania
| | - Laura Catalina Benchea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Iasi, 16 University Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Prof. Dr. George I.M. Georgescu Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Carol I Boulevard, No. 50, 700503 Iasi, Romania
| | - Alexandra Clement
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Iasi, 16 University Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Prof. Dr. George I.M. Georgescu Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Carol I Boulevard, No. 50, 700503 Iasi, Romania
| | - Bogdan-Sorin Tudurachi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Iasi, 16 University Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Prof. Dr. George I.M. Georgescu Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Carol I Boulevard, No. 50, 700503 Iasi, Romania
| | - Radu Andy Sascău
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Iasi, 16 University Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Prof. Dr. George I.M. Georgescu Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Carol I Boulevard, No. 50, 700503 Iasi, Romania
| | - Cristian Stătescu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Iasi, 16 University Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Prof. Dr. George I.M. Georgescu Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Carol I Boulevard, No. 50, 700503 Iasi, Romania
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Verlinden L, Li S, Veldurthy V, Carmeliet G, Christakos S. Relationship of the bone phenotype of the Klotho mutant mouse model of accelerated aging to changes in skeletal architecture that occur with chronological aging. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1310466. [PMID: 38352710 PMCID: PMC10861770 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1310466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Due to the relatively long life span of rodent models, in order to expediate the identification of novel therapeutics of age related diseases, mouse models of accelerated aging have been developed. In this study we examined skeletal changes in the male and female Klotho mutant (kl/kl) mice and in male and female chronically aged mice to determine whether the accelerated aging bone phenotype of the kl/kl mouse reflects changes in skeletal architecture that occur with chronological aging. Methods 2, 6 and 20-23 month old C57BL/6 mice were obtained from the National Institute of Aging aged rodent colony and wildtype and kl/kl mice were generated as previously described by M. Kuro-o. Microcomputed tomography analysis was performed ex vivo to examine trabecular and cortical parameters from the proximal metaphyseal and mid-diaphyseal areas, respectively. Serum calcium and phosphate were analyzed using a colorimetric assay. The expression of duodenal Trpv6, which codes for TRPV6, a vitamin D regulated epithelial calcium channel whose expression reflects intestinal calcium absorptive efficiency, was analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR. Results and discussion Trabecular bone volume (BV/TV) and trabecular number decreased continuously with age in males and females. In contrast to aging mice, an increase in trabecular bone volume and trabecular number was observed in both male and female kl/kl mice. Cortical thickness decreased with advancing age and also decreased in male and female kl/kl mice. Serum calcium and phosphate levels were significantly increased in kl/kl mice but did not change with age. Aging resulted in a decline in Trpv6 expression. In the kl/kl mice duodenal Trpv6 was significantly increased. Our findings reflect differences in bone architecture as well as differences in calcium and phosphate homeostasis and expression of Trpv6 between the kl/kl mutant mouse model of accelerated aging and chronological aging. Although the Klotho deficient mouse has provided a new understanding of the regulation of mineral homeostasis and bone metabolism, our findings suggest that changes in bone architecture in the kl/kl mouse reflect in part systemic disturbances that differ from pathophysiological changes that occur with age including dysregulation of calcium homeostasis that contributes to age related bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lieve Verlinden
- Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Shanshan Li
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, United States
| | - Vaishali Veldurthy
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, United States
| | - Geert Carmeliet
- Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sylvia Christakos
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, United States
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21
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Mao H, Xie Z, Huang S, Shen X, Jin S, Lin T, Yang Z. Analysis of the correlation between serum Klotho and FeNO: a cross-sectional study from NHANES (2007-2012). BMC Pulm Med 2024; 24:61. [PMID: 38287280 PMCID: PMC10823643 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-024-02864-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Klotho is an anti-aging protein that has multiple functions and may play a key role in the pathogenesis and progression of chronic respiratory diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Fractional Exhaled Nitric Oxide (FeNO) is a non-invasive and novel biomarker that has the advantages of being simple, fast and reproducible. It can effectively assess the degree of airway inflammation in diseases such as asthma and COPD. Despite these insights, the relationship between serum Klotho levels and FeNO has not been explored yet. METHODS Leveraging data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) spanning 2007 to 2012, we investigated the correlation between FeNO and serum Klotho levels. This association was scrutinized both as continuous variables and within quartile distributions, utilizing the Kruskal-Wallis H test. The correlation between the two variables was assessed through Spearman rank analysis. Employing survey weight-adjusted linear regression models, we gauged the strength of these associations. RESULTS This study included 6,527 participants with a median FeNO level of 14.5 parts per billion (ppb). We found that FeNO levels varied significantly across different quartiles of Klotho protein (H = 7.985, P = 0.046). We also found a significant positive correlation between serum Klotho levels and FeNO levels in the whole population (Spearman's rho = 0.029, P = 0.019). This correlation remained significant after adjusting for covariates such as age, gender, lung function, smoking status, alcohol use, BMI, cardiovascular disease (including hypertension, heart failure, coronary heart disease, and myocardial infarction), diabetes, inflammatory markers, serum vitamin D level and BUN (P < 0.05 for all). Furthermore, this correlation was stronger at the high (K3) and super high (K4) levels of Klotho than at the low (K1) and medium (K2) levels (β = 1.979 ppb and β = 1.993 ppb for K3 and K4 vs. K1, respectively; 95% CI: 0.497 ~ 2.953 and 95% CI: 0.129 ~ 2.827, respectively; P = 0.007 and P = 0.032, respectively). The β coefficient for serum Klotho was 0.002 ppb/pg/ml. CONCLUSIONS Our study illuminates a positive correlation between serum Klotho levels and FeNO. Further study is needed to verify the causality of this association and elucidate the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Mao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, 315100, Ningbo, China
| | - Zhenye Xie
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, 315100, Ningbo, China
| | - Shanshan Huang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, 315100, Ningbo, China
| | - Xingkai Shen
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, 315100, Ningbo, China
| | - Shaofeng Jin
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, 315100, Ningbo, China
| | - Tong Lin
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, 315100, Ningbo, China.
| | - Zhouxin Yang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Geriatrics and Geriatrics Institute of Zhejiang Province, Department of Geriatrics, Zhejiang Hospital, 310030, Hangzhou, China.
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22
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Poursistany H, Azar ST, Azar MT, Raeisi S. The current and emerging Klotho-enhancement strategies. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 693:149357. [PMID: 38091839 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.149357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Klotho is well known as a gene with antiaging properties. It has membrane and soluble forms, providing a unique system that controls various metabolic processes essential to health and disease. Klotho deficiency has been revealed to be associated with various aging-related disorders. Based on its various known and unknown protective properties, upregulating the Klotho gene may be a possible therapeutic and/or preventive approach in aging-related complications. Some agents, such as hormonal compounds, renin-angiotensin system inhibitors, antioxidants, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ) agonists, statins, vitamin D receptor agonists, antioxidants, anti-inflammatory agents, mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling inhibitors, and receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 1 (RIPK1) inhibitors, can possibly lead to the upregulation and elevation of Klotho levels. Demethylation and deacetylation of the Klotho gene can also be considered other possible Klotho-enhancement methods. Some emerging techniques, such as RNA modifications, gene therapy, gene editing, and exosome therapy, probably have the potential to be applied for increasing Klotho. In the present study, these current and emerging Klotho-enhancement strategies and their underlying mechanisms were comprehensively reviewed, which could highlight some potential avenues for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haniyeh Poursistany
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Solmaz Tabibi Azar
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsan Tabibi Azar
- Student Research Committee, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz Branch, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sina Raeisi
- Pediatric Health Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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23
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Navarro-Lomas G, Plaza-Florido A, De-la-O A, Castillo MJ, Amaro-Gahete FJ. Exercise-induced changes in plasma S- Klotho levels are associated with the obtained enhancements of heart rate variability in sedentary middle-aged adults: the FIT-AGEING study. J Physiol Biochem 2024:10.1007/s13105-023-01005-8. [PMID: 38175501 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-023-01005-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
The shed form of the Klotho protein (S-Klotho) is considered a biomarker of longevity, but it is still unknown whether the levels are related to heart rate (HR) and heart rate variability (HRV); both of them greatly influenced by the ageing process, physical fitness, exercise, and health status. This study aimed (i) to investigate the association between S-Klotho plasma levels with HR and HRV parameters and (ii) to examine the association of exercise-induced changes in S-Klotho and those obtained in HR and HRV parameters after a 12-week exercise intervention in sedentary middle-aged adults. Sixty-six sedentary middle-aged adults participated in this study (50% women; 45-65 years old). Participants were randomized into 4 groups: (a) a control group (no exercise), (b) a physical activity recommendation from the World Health Organization group, (c) a high-intensity interval training group, and (d) a high-intensity interval training group adding whole-body electromyostimulation. S-Klotho plasma levels, HR, and HRV parameters (SDNN, RMSSD, high frequency, stress score, and sympathetic/parasympathetic ratio) were measured. At baseline, S-Klotho plasma levels were not related to HR and HRV parameters. After the intervention, exercise-induced changes in S-Klotho plasma levels were positively associated with changes in SDNN (β=0.261; R2=0.102; p=0.014) and negatively related to changes in stress score and sympathetic/parasympathetic ratio (all β=-0.257; R2 ranges between 0.092 and 0.131; all p<0.020). Our study suggests that higher S-Klotho plasma levels are related to increased vagal influence and reduced sympathetic tone in the autonomic nervous system in sedentary middle-aged adults after different training programs. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: CT03334357.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ginés Navarro-Lomas
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Avda. de la Investigación 11, 18016, Granada, Spain
| | - Abel Plaza-Florido
- PROFITH "PROmoting FITness and Health Through Physical Activity" Research Group, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), Department of Physical and Sports Education, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Pediatric Exercise and Genomics Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Alejandro De-la-O
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Avda. de la Investigación 11, 18016, Granada, Spain
| | - Manuel J Castillo
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Avda. de la Investigación 11, 18016, Granada, Spain
| | - Francisco J Amaro-Gahete
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Avda. de la Investigación 11, 18016, Granada, Spain.
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Granada, Spain.
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, ibs.Granada, Granada, Spain.
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24
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Xu J, Lin E, Hong X, Li L, Gu J, Zhao J, Liu Y. Klotho-derived peptide KP1 ameliorates SARS-CoV-2-associated acute kidney injury. Front Pharmacol 2024; 14:1333389. [PMID: 38239193 PMCID: PMC10795167 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1333389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The severe cases of COVID-19, a disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), often present with acute kidney injury (AKI). Although old age and preexisting medical conditions have been identified as principal risk factors for COVID-19-associated AKI, the molecular basis behind such a connection remains unknown. In this study, we investigated the pathogenic role of Klotho deficiency in COVID-19-associated AKI and explored the therapeutic potential of Klotho-derived peptide 1 (KP1). Methods: We assessed the susceptibility of Klotho deficient Kl/Kl mice to developing AKI after expression of SARS-CoV-2 N protein. The role of KP1 in ameliorating tubular injury was investigated by using cultured proximal tubular cells (HK-2) in vitro and mouse model of ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) in vivo. Results: Renal Klotho expression was markedly downregulated in various chronic kidney disease (CKD) models and in aged mice. Compared to wild-type counterparts, mutant KL/KL mice were susceptible to overexpression of SARS-CoV-2 N protein and developed kidney lesions resembling AKI. In vitro, expression of N protein alone induced HK-2 cells to express markers of tubular injury, cellular senescence, apoptosis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition, whereas both KP1 and Klotho abolished these lesions. Furthermore, KP1 mitigated kidney dysfunction, alleviated tubular injury and inhibited apoptosis in AKI model induced by IRI and N protein. Conclusion: These findings suggest that Klotho deficiency is a key determinant of developing COVID-19-associated AKI. As such, KP1, a small peptide recapitulating Klotho function, could be an effective therapeutic for alleviating AKI in COVID-19 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Enqing Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xue Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, College of Life Science, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jinghong Zhao
- Division of Nephrology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Youhua Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Guangzhou, China
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Zhang X, Li L, Tan H, Hong X, Yuan Q, Hou FF, Zhou L, Liu Y. Klotho-derived peptide 1 inhibits cellular senescence in the fibrotic kidney by restoring Klotho expression via posttranscriptional regulation. Theranostics 2024; 14:420-435. [PMID: 38164143 PMCID: PMC10750200 DOI: 10.7150/thno.89105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Klotho deficiency is a common feature of premature aging and chronic kidney disease (CKD). As such, restoring Klotho expression could be a logic strategy for protecting against various nephropathies. In this study, we demonstrate that KP1, a Klotho-derived peptide, inhibits cellular senescence by restoring endogenous Klotho expression. Methods: The effects of KP1 on cellular senescence and Klotho expression were assessed in mouse models of CKD. RNA-sequencing was employed to identify the microRNA involved in regulating Klotho by KP1. Gain- or loss-of-function approaches were used to assess the role of miR-223-3p and IncRNA-TUG1 in regulating Klotho and cellular senescence. Results: KP1 inhibited senescence markers p21, p16 and γ-H2AX in tubular epithelial cells of diseased kidneys, which was associated with its restoration of Klotho expression at the posttranscriptional level. Profiling of kidney microRNAs by RNA sequencing identified miR-223-3p that bound to Klotho mRNA and inhibited its protein expression. Overexpression of miR-223-3p inhibited Klotho and induced p21, p16 and γ-H2AX, which were negated by KP1. Conversely, inhibition of miR-223-3p restored Klotho expression, inhibited cellular senescence. Furthermore, miR-223-3p interacted with lncRNA-TUG1 and inhibited its expression. Knockdown of lncRNA-TUG1 increased miR-223-3p, aggravated Klotho loss and worsened cellular senescence, whereas KP1 mitigated all these changes. Conclusion: These studies demonstrate that KP1 inhibits cellular senescence and induces Klotho expression via posttranscriptional regulation mediated by miR-223-3p and lncRNA-TUG1. By restoring endogenous Klotho, KP1 elicits a broad spectrum of protective actions and could serve as a promising therapeutic agent for fibrotic kidney disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyao Zhang
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Li
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huishi Tan
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xue Hong
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qian Yuan
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fan Fan Hou
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lili Zhou
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Youhua Liu
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Guangzhou, China
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Kale A, Shelke V, Habshi T, Dagar N, Gaikwad AB. ER stress modulated Klotho restoration: A prophylactic therapeutic strategy against acute kidney injury-diabetes comorbidity. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:166905. [PMID: 37793463 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2023.166905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Klotho is a renoprotective factor that is at the forefront of research as a potential therapeutic agent and biomarker of acute kidney injury (AKI). Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and Klotho downregulation are the critical hallmarks of AKI progression. Importantly, the crosstalk between ER and Klotho is still elusive in AKI under diabetic condition. Therefore, this study aimed to elucidate the affiliation between ER stress and Klotho regulation by using the ischemia-reperfusion renal injury (IRI) model based on male Wistar rats and the hypoxia-reperfusion injury (HRI) using NRK52E cells. Study outcomes demonstrated that the expression of AKI biomarkers: plasma creatinine, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, kidney-injury molecule 1, and ER stress markers such as binding immunoglobulin binding protein (BiP), R/PKR-like ER kinase (PERK), and eukaryotic initiation factor-2 (eIF2α), were observed during AKI. Increased ER stress was associated with apoptosis induction as depicted by increased levels of Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) and caspase-7 and decreased tubular Klotho expression. Under diabetic settings, ER stress and apoptosis were exacerbated by additional Klotho downregulation. Treatment with Tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA) inhibited the ER stress, apoptosis, restored endogenous Klotho levels and ameliorated AKI under diabetic and non-diabetic conditions. ER stress and Klotho appear to be shared factors involved in the pathogenesis of AKI-diabetes comorbidity and targeting them could prove a novel therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajinath Kale
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani Campus, Pilani, Rajasthan 333031, India
| | - Vishwadeep Shelke
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani Campus, Pilani, Rajasthan 333031, India
| | - Tahib Habshi
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani Campus, Pilani, Rajasthan 333031, India
| | - Neha Dagar
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani Campus, Pilani, Rajasthan 333031, India
| | - Anil Bhanudas Gaikwad
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani Campus, Pilani, Rajasthan 333031, India.
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Kanbay M, Copur S, Ozbek L, Mutlu A, Cejka D, Ciceri P, Cozzolino M, Haarhaus ML. Klotho: a potential therapeutic target in aging and neurodegeneration beyond chronic kidney disease-a comprehensive review from the ERA CKD-MBD working group. Clin Kidney J 2024; 17:sfad276. [PMID: 38213484 PMCID: PMC10783249 DOI: 10.1093/ckj/sfad276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Klotho, a multifunctional protein, acts as a co-receptor in fibroblast growth factor 23 and exerts its impact through various molecular pathways, including Wnt, hypoxia-inducible factor and insulin-like growth factor 1 pathways. The physiological significance of Klotho is the regulation of vitamin D and phosphate metabolism as well as serving as a vital component in aging and neurodegeneration. The role of Klotho in aging and neurodegeneration in particular has gained considerable attention. In this narrative review we highlight several key insights into the molecular basis and physiological function of Klotho and synthesize current research on the role of Klotho in neurodegeneration and aging. Klotho deficiency was associated with cognitive impairment, reduced growth, diminished longevity and the development of age-related diseases in vivo. Serum Klotho levels showed a decline in individuals with advanced age and those affected by chronic kidney disease, establishing its potential diagnostic significance. Additionally, multiple medications have been demonstrated to influence Klotho levels. Therefore, this comprehensive review suggests that Klotho could open the door to novel interventions aimed at addressing the challenges of aging and neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Kanbay
- Department of Medicine, Nephrology, Koc University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sidar Copur
- Department of Medicine, Koc University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Lasin Ozbek
- Department of Medicine, Koc University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ali Mutlu
- Department of Medicine, Koc University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Daniel Cejka
- Department of Medicine III – Nephrology, Hypertension, Transplantation, Rheumatology, Geriatrics, Ordensklinikum Linz – Elisabethinen Hospital, Linz, Austria
| | - Paola Ciceri
- Department of Health Sciences, Renal Division, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Mario Cozzolino
- Department of Health Sciences, Renal Division, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Mathias Loberg Haarhaus
- Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Zhao J, Jia Y, Zeng L, Huang H, Liang G, Hong K, Sha B, Luo M, Liu J, Yang W. Interplay of Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index and Serum Klotho Levels: Unveiling a New Dimension in Rheumatoid Arthritis Pathology. Int J Med Sci 2024; 21:396-403. [PMID: 38169796 PMCID: PMC10758150 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.89569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim: The association between the systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) and serum Klotho concentrations (pg/ml) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has not been elucidated. The purpose of this study was to clarify the relationship between the SII and serum Klotho concentrations in RA patients. Methods: All data come from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database in the United States, which included 982 RA patients (age range: 40 to 79 years). The measurement data of the SII and serum Klotho are all from the NHANES mobile examination centre. We constructed a multivariate linear regression model to evaluate the association between the SII and serum Klotho levels in RA patients and conducted a subgroup analysis to test the stability of the statistical results. Results: Multivariate linear regression results indicated a negative linear relationship between the SII and serum Klotho concentrations in RA patients (β = -6.33, 95% CI [confidence interval]: -10.15 to -2.53). Compared to the quartile 1 group, the quartile 4 group was associated with significantly lower (P<0.001) serum Klotho concentrations (β = -120.93, 95% CI: -174.84 to -67.02). Compared with the quartile 1 group, with the increase in the SII, the β value showed a decreasing trend (P trend < 0.001). The subgroup analysis showed that none of the covariates affected the stability of these results (all P for interaction ≥ 0.05). Conclusion: There is a significant negative linear association between the SII and serum Klotho concentrations in RA patients. The SII can serve as a predictive indicator of serum Klotho concentrations in RA patients, and Klotho may be a potential anti-inflammatory target for RA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinlong Zhao
- The Second Clinical College/State Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Yifan Jia
- The Fifth Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
| | - Lingfeng Zeng
- The Second Clinical College/State Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou 510120, China
- The Research Team on Bone and Joint Degeneration and Injury of Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Hetao Huang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Guihong Liang
- The Second Clinical College/State Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou 510120, China
- The Research Team on Bone and Joint Degeneration and Injury of Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Kunhao Hong
- The Fifth Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
- Guangdong Second Chinese Medicine Hospital (Guangdong Province Engineering Technology Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou 510095, China
| | - Bangxin Sha
- The Fifth Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
| | - Minghui Luo
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Jun Liu
- The Fifth Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
- The Research Team on Bone and Joint Degeneration and Injury of Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510120, China
- Guangdong Second Chinese Medicine Hospital (Guangdong Province Engineering Technology Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou 510095, China
| | - Weiyi Yang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou 510120, China
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Zhou P, Zhao C, Chen Y, Liu X, Wu C, Hu Z. Klotho activation of Nrf2 inhibits the ferroptosis signaling pathway to ameliorate sepsis-associated acute kidney injury. Transl Androl Urol 2023; 12:1871-1884. [PMID: 38196698 PMCID: PMC10772648 DOI: 10.21037/tau-23-573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (SA-AKI) is a common complication of sepsis and greatly increases patient mortality. Recombinant human Klotho protein (Klotho) is a protective protein that can be secreted by the kidney. The aim of this study was to explore the protective effect of Klotho on SA-AKI and its molecular mechanism. Methods In vivo, a mouse SA-AKI model was constructed by cecum ligation perforation (CLP). In vitro, a human renal tubular cell epithelial cell line (HK2) was induced with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the SA-AKI model. Determine renal injury markers, inflammatory factors, oxidative stress and molecular proteins related to the ferroptosis signaling pathway. Results Klotho reduced the release of renal injury markers and inflammatory cytokines, decreased oxidative stress, improved renal histopathological changes, ameliorated mitochondrial damage in mouse renal tubular epithelial cells, increased HK2 cell viability and reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation. Exogenous supplementation with Klotho increased the Klotho content in circulating blood, renal tissue and HK2 cells. Conclusions In the SA-AKI model, Klotho attenuated renal tissue injury, increased HK2 cell viability, decreased inflammatory factor expression and oxidative stress, restored tubular epithelial mitochondrial function, and increased its level in circulating blood, renal tissue and HK2 cells. Klotho probably exerts its protective effects by activating Nrf2 to inhibit the ferroptosis signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Zhou
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Congcong Zhao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yuhong Chen
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Critical Disease Mechanism and Intervention, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xuefang Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Unit, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Chunxue Wu
- Intensive Care Unit of Emergency Department, Neurology Branch of Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, China
| | - Zhenjie Hu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Critical Disease Mechanism and Intervention, Shijiazhuang, China
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Wang F, Colonnello E, Zhang H, Sansone A, Wang C, Dolci S, Guo J, Jannini EA. Comparing Western and traditional Chinese medicine for male sexual dysfunction: can Klotho represent a silk road? Andrology 2023. [PMID: 38155398 DOI: 10.1111/andr.13580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and Western Medicine both have shown efficacy in treating male sexual dysfunction (MSD). The aim of this perspective paper is to discuss a possible link between Western medicine and TCM in the MSD field as represented by the entity of Klotho. Klotho is a recently discovered protein, mainly expressed in the kidney, encoded by the anti-aging gene klotho. Not only is Klotho significantly correlated with the development and progression of kidney diseases and their complications, but increasing evidence indicates that it is also closely related to MSD. A comprehensive search within PubMed database was performed to retrieve available evidence on Klotho's roles, particularly in kidney and in MSD. Indeed, in the TCM theory, the concept of the "kidney" is entirely different from the Western medicine: it is closely related to metabolism and to the reproductive, nervous, endocrine systems, being more than just a urinary organ. According to the "Kidney storing essence (jīng) and governing reproduction" (KSEGR) theory, a cornerstone in TCM, the treatment of MSD mainly consists of restoring the kidney's function. Signs of decreasing kidney essence show a consistent similarity to deficiencies of Klotho, also for what regards the male sexual function. Based on the current evidence, Klotho may represent a potential biological indicator for sexual desire and sexual function and a kind of new scientific Silk Road between TCM and Western medicine for MSD; nevertheless, there is a need to conduct further high-quality research to prove this hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu Wang
- Department of Andrology, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Elena Colonnello
- Chair of Endocrinology and Medical Sexology (ENDOSEX), Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Hui Zhang
- Chair of Endocrinology and Medical Sexology (ENDOSEX), Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Sansone
- Chair of Endocrinology and Medical Sexology (ENDOSEX), Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Chunlin Wang
- Chair of Endocrinology and Medical Sexology (ENDOSEX), Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Susanna Dolci
- Chair of Anatomy, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Jun Guo
- Department of Andrology, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Emmanuele A Jannini
- Chair of Endocrinology and Medical Sexology (ENDOSEX), Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
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Kim SH, Lee SH, Jin JA, So HJ, Lee JU, Ji MJ, Kwon EJ, Han PS, Lee HK, Kang TW. In vivo safety and biodistribution profile of Klotho-enhanced human urine-derived stem cells for clinical application. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:355. [PMID: 38072946 PMCID: PMC10712141 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03595-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Urine-derived stem cells (UDSCs) can be easily isolated from urine and possess excellent stem cell characteristics, making them a promising source for cell therapeutics. Due to their kidney origin specificity, UDSCs are considered a superior therapeutic alternative for kidney diseases compared to other stem cells. To enhance the therapeutic potential of UDSCs, we developed a culture method that effectively boosts the expression of Klotho, a kidney-protective therapeutic factor. We also optimized the Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) system to ensure stable and large-scale production of clinical-grade UDSCs from patient urine. In this study, we evaluated the in vivo safety and distribution of Klotho-enhanced UDSCs after intravenous administration in accordance with Good Laboratory Practice (GLP) regulations. METHODS Mortality and general symptoms were continuously monitored throughout the entire examination period. We evaluated the potential toxicity of UDSCs according to the administration dosage and frequency using clinical pathological and histopathological analyses. We quantitatively assessed the in vivo distribution and retention period of UDSCs in major organs after single and repeated administration using human Alu-based qPCR analysis. We also conducted long-term monitoring for 26 weeks to assess the potential tumorigenicity. RESULTS Klotho-enhanced UDSCs exhibited excellent homing potential, and recovered Klotho expression in injured renal tissue. Toxicologically harmful effects were not observed in all mice after a single administration of UDSCs. It was also verified that repeated administration of UDSCs did not induce significant toxicological or immunological adverse effects in all mice. Single and repeated administrated UDSCs persisted in the blood and major organs for approximately 3 days and cleared in most organs, except the lungs, within 2 weeks. UDSCs that remained in the lungs were cleared out in approximately 4-5 weeks. There were no significant differences according to the variation of sex and administration frequency. The tumors were found in the intravenous administration group but they were confirmed to be non-human origin. Based on these results, it was clarified that UDSCs have no tumorigenic potential. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that Klotho-enhanced UDSCs can be manufactured as cell therapeutics through an optimized GMP procedure, and they can be safely administered without causing toxicity and tumorigenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Heon Kim
- Institute of Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, EHLBio Co., Ltd., Uiwang-si, 16006, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Hoon Lee
- Institute of Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, EHLBio Co., Ltd., Uiwang-si, 16006, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Ah Jin
- Institute of Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, EHLBio Co., Ltd., Uiwang-si, 16006, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Joon So
- Institute of Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, EHLBio Co., Ltd., Uiwang-si, 16006, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Ung Lee
- Institute of Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, EHLBio Co., Ltd., Uiwang-si, 16006, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Jae Ji
- Institute of Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, EHLBio Co., Ltd., Uiwang-si, 16006, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | - Hong-Ki Lee
- Institute of Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, EHLBio Co., Ltd., Uiwang-si, 16006, Republic of Korea.
- EHLCell Clinic, Seoul, 06029, Republic of Korea.
| | - Tae-Wook Kang
- Institute of Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, EHLBio Co., Ltd., Uiwang-si, 16006, Republic of Korea.
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Yu LX, Sha MY, Chen Y, Tan F, Liu X, Li S, Liu QF. Potential application of Klotho as a prognostic biomarker for patients with diabetic kidney disease: a meta-analysis of clinical studies. Ther Adv Chronic Dis 2023; 14:20406223231213246. [PMID: 38058396 PMCID: PMC10697044 DOI: 10.1177/20406223231213246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a serious diabetic complication and the performance of serum Klotho in DKD's prognostic evaluation is controversial. Objective To assess the association of serum Klotho with adverse kidney and non-kidney clinical outcomes in patients with DKD. Design Clinical studies regarding the relationship of serum Klotho with DKD were included. Study quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. Subgroup and sensitive analyses were performed to search for the source of heterogeneity. Data sources and methods We comprehensively searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane library databases up to 27 September 2022. The associations of Klotho with albuminuria, such as the urinary albumin creatinine ratio (UACR), kidney outcomes such as persistent albuminuria, estimated glomerular filtration rate decline, and non-kidney outcomes such as diabetic retinopathy, cardiovascular morbidity, and mortality, were evaluated. The indicators, such as the correlation coefficient (r), odds ratio (OR), relative risk, and hazard ratio, were retrieved or calculated from the eligible studies. Results In all, 17 studies involving 5682 participants fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were included in this meta-analysis. There was no significant association of serum Klotho with UACR in DKD patients [summary r, -0.28 (-0.55, 0.04)] with high heterogeneity. By contrast, a strong association was observed regarding serum Klotho with kidney outcomes [pooled OR, 1.60 (1.15, 2.23)], non-kidney outcomes [pooled OR, 2.78 (2.11, 3.66)], or combined kidney and non-kidney outcomes [pooled OR, 1.96 (1.45, 2.65)] with moderate heterogeneity. Subgroup analysis indicated that age, study design, and the estimated glomerular filtration rate may be the sources of heterogeneity. Conclusion A decreased serum Klotho level is possibly associated with an increased risk of developing kidney and non-kidney clinical outcomes in DKD patients; thus, Klotho may be a possible biomarker to predict DKD clinical outcomes. Additional studies are needed to clarify and validate Klotho's prognostic value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Xia Yu
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, Kunshan, Jiangsu, China
| | - Min Yue Sha
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, Kunshan, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yue Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, Kunshan, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fang Tan
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, Kunshan, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xi Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, Kunshan, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shasha Li
- Clinical Research & Lab Centre, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, 566 Qianjin East Road, Kunshan, Jiangsu 215300, China
| | - Qi-Feng Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, 566 Qianjin East Road, Kunshan, Jiangsu 215300, China
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Ochi E, Barrington A, Wehling‐Henricks M, Avila M, Kuro‐o M, Tidball JG. Klotho regulates the myogenic response of muscle to mechanical loading and exercise. Exp Physiol 2023; 108:1531-1547. [PMID: 37864311 PMCID: PMC10841225 DOI: 10.1113/ep091263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
NEW FINDINGS What is the central question of this study? Does the hormone Klotho affect the myogenic response of muscle cells to mechanical loading or exercise? What is the main finding and its importance? Klotho prevents direct, mechanical activation of genes that regulate muscle differentiation, including genes that encode the myogenic regulatory factor myogenin and proteins in the canonical Wnt signalling pathway. Similarly, elevated levels of klotho expression in vivo prevent the exercise-induced increase in myogenin-expressing cells and reduce exercise-induced activation of the Wnt pathway. These findings demonstrate a new mechanism through which the responses of muscle to the mechanical environment are regulated. ABSTRACT Muscle growth is influenced by changes in the mechanical environment that affect the expression of genes that regulate myogenesis. We tested whether the hormone Klotho could influence the response of muscle to mechanical loading. Applying mechanical loads to myoblasts in vitro increased RNA encoding transcription factors that are expressed in activated myoblasts (Myod) and in myogenic cells that have initiated terminal differentiation (Myog). However, application of Klotho to myoblasts prevented the loading-induced activation of Myog without affecting loading-induced activation of Myod. This indicates that elevated Klotho inhibits mechanically-induced differentiation of myogenic cells. Elevated Klotho also reduced the transcription of genes encoding proteins involved in the canonical Wnt pathway or their target genes (Wnt9a, Wnt10a, Ccnd1). Because the canonical Wnt pathway promotes differentiation of myogenic cells, these findings indicate that Klotho inhibits the differentiation of myogenic cells experiencing mechanical loading. We then tested whether these effects of Klotho occurred in muscles of mice experiencing high-intensity interval training (HIIT) by comparing wild-type mice and klotho transgenic mice. The expression of a klotho transgene combined with HIIT synergized to tremendously elevate numbers of Pax7+ satellite cells and activated MyoD+ cells. However, transgene expression prevented the increase in myogenin+ cells caused by HIIT in wild-type mice. Furthermore, transgene expression diminished the HIIT-induced activation of the canonical Wnt pathway in Pax7+ satellite cells. Collectively, these findings show that Klotho inhibits loading- or exercise-induced activation of muscle differentiation and indicate a new mechanism through which the responses of muscle to the mechanical environment are regulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eisuke Ochi
- Faculty of Bioscience and Applied ChemistryHosei UniversityTokyoJapan
- Department of Integrative Biology and PhysiologyUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA
| | - Alice Barrington
- Department of Integrative Biology and PhysiologyUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA
| | | | - Marcus Avila
- Department of Integrative Biology and PhysiologyUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA
| | - Makoto Kuro‐o
- Division of Anti‐Aging MedicineCenter for Molecular MedicineJichi Medical UniversityTochigiJapan
| | - James G. Tidball
- Department of Integrative Biology and PhysiologyUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA
- Molecular, Cellular & Integrative Physiology ProgramUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA
- Department of BioengineeringUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLAUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA
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Topal M, Erkus E. Improving sleep quality is essential for enhancing soluble Klotho levels in hemodialysis patients. Int Urol Nephrol 2023; 55:3275-3280. [PMID: 37382769 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-023-03693-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Sleep and Klotho seem to share common physiological pathways in aging. However, studies investigating this relationship are very few and none of them was done with a specific patient group. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of sleep quality and soluble Klotho levels in hemodialysis patients. METHODS 100 hemodialysis patients were included in this study. Soluble Klotho levels were obtained from each patient and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index was performed by all patients. Association of soluble Klotho with sleep quality was calculated. RESULTS Soluble Klotho levels were significantly inversely correlated with total sleep quality score (p < 0.001, r = - 0.444). Among the subscales, soluble Klotho levels were negatively correlated with subjective sleep quality (p < 0.001, r = - 0.365), sleep latency (p = 0.002, r = - 0.312), sleep disturbance (p = 0.002, r = - 0.303) and daytime dysfunction (p = 0.027, r = - 0.221). Patients who had good sleep quality scores were found to have higher soluble Klotho levels [4.15 (0.05-22.68) vs. 1.14 (0.32-17.63), p < 0.001]. In regression analysis, total sleep quality score, subjective sleep quality and age were found to be independent negative factors for soluble Klotho levels. CONCLUSION In this study, a significant association between sleep quality and soluble Klotho levels was revealed in hemodialysis patients. Improving sleep quality will lead to increased soluble Klotho levels, which may further slow down the aging process in hemodialysis patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Topal
- Clinic of Nephrology, Konya City Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Akabe Mahallesi Adana Çevreyolu Caddesi No: 135/1, 42020, Konya, Turkey.
| | - Edip Erkus
- Clinic of Nephrology, Konya City Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Akabe Mahallesi Adana Çevreyolu Caddesi No: 135/1, 42020, Konya, Turkey
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Liu M, Zhang Y, Zhan P, Sun W, Dong C, Liu X, Yang Y, Wang X, Xie Y, Gao C, Hu H, Shi B, Wang Z, Guo C, Yi F. Histone deacetylase 9 exacerbates podocyte injury in hyperhomocysteinemia through epigenetic repression of Klotho. Pharmacol Res 2023; 198:107009. [PMID: 37995896 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.107009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Although hyperhomocysteinemia (hHcys) has been recognized as an important independent risk factor in the progression of end-stage renal disease and the development of cardiovascular complications related to end-stage renal disease, the mechanisms triggering pathogenic actions of hHcys are not fully understood. The present study was mainly designed to investigate the role of HDACs in renal injury induced by hHcys. Firstly, we identified the expression patterns of HDACs and found that, among zinc-dependent HDACs, HDAC9 was preferentially upregulated in the kidney from mice with hHcys. Deficiency or pharmacological inhibition of HDAC9 ameliorated renal injury in mice with hHcys. Moreover, podocyte-specific deletion of HDAC9 significantly attenuated podocyte injury and proteinuria. In vitro, gene silencing of HDAC9 attenuated podocyte injury by inhibiting apoptosis, reducing oxidative stress and maintaining the expressions of podocyte slit diaphragm proteins. Mechanically, we proved for the first time that HDAC9 reduced the acetylation level of H3K9 in the promoter of Klotho, then inhibited gene transcription of Klotho, finally aggravating podocyte injury in hHcys. In conclusion, our results indicated that targeting of HDAC9 might be an attractive therapeutic strategy for the treatment of renal injury induced by hHcys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Ping Zhan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Wenjuan Sun
- Department of Obstetrics, the Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250033, China
| | - Chuanqiao Dong
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Xiaohan Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Yujie Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Xiaojie Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Yusheng Xie
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Chengjiang Gao
- The Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Huili Hu
- The Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education, Department of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Benkang Shi
- Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Ziying Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China.
| | - Chun Guo
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China.
| | - Fan Yi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China.
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Kim EP, Kim DY, Park C, Yoo SM, Lee MS, Kim GA. Effects of klotho protein or klotho knockdown in porcine oocytes at different stages. ZYGOTE 2023; 31:577-581. [PMID: 37905414 DOI: 10.1017/s096719942300045x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
Klotho is a protein that plays different functions in female fertility. We have previously reported that klotho protein supplementation during in vitro maturation improves porcine embryo development, while klotho knockout for somatic cell cloning completely blocks full-term pregnancy in vivo. However, the effects of the microinjection of klotho protein or klotho knockdown dual vector in porcine embryos at different time points and the specific molecular mechanisms remain largely unknown. In this study, we injected the preassembled cas9 + sgRNA dual vector, for klotho knockdown, into the cytoplasm of the germinal vesicle stage of oocytes and into porcine embryos after 6-h parthenogenetic activation. Similarly, the klotho protein was inserted into the cytoplasm of germinal vesicle stage oocytes and porcine embryos after 6-h parthenogenetic activation. Compared with the controls, the microinjection of klotho dual vector markedly decreased the blastocyst formation rates in germinal vesicle stage oocytes and activated embryos. However, the efficiency of blastocyst formation when klotho protein was inserted before in vitro maturation was significantly higher than that after klotho protein insertion into parthenogenetically activated embryos. These results indicated that klotho knockdown may impair embryo development into blastocyst irrespective of injection timing. In addition, klotho protein injection timing in pig embryos may be an important factor for regulating embryo development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Pyo Kim
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Changhoon Park
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Eulji University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Seung-Min Yoo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Eulji University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Myung-Shin Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Eulji University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Geon A Kim
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, University of Health Science, Eulji University, Uijeongbu, Republic of Korea
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Ranjbar N, Raeisi M, Barzegar M, Ghorbanihaghjo A, Shiva S, Sadeghvand S, Negargar S, Poursistany H, Raeisi S. The possible anti-seizure properties of Klotho. Brain Res 2023; 1820:148555. [PMID: 37634687 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2023.148555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Recurrent seizures in epilepsy may lead to progressive neuronal damage, which can diminish health-related quality of life. Evaluation and control of pathological processes in the brain is valuable. It seems imperative that new markers and approaches for seizure alleviation be discovered. Klotho (Kl), an antiaging protein, has protective effects in the brain against neurological disorders. It may also have antiseizure effects by improving creatine transfer to the brain, upregulating excitatory amino acid transporters, and inhibiting insulin/insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), Wingless (Wnt), transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β), and retinoic-acid-inducible gene-I (RIG-I)/nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathways. Stimulation and activation of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1)/p38 mitogen‑activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways could also be considered other possible antiseizure mechanisms of Kl. In the present review, the roles of Kl in the central nervous system as well as its possible anti-seizure properties are discussed for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasrin Ranjbar
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Raeisi
- Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jondishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Barzegar
- Pediatric Health Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amir Ghorbanihaghjo
- Biothechnology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Siamak Shiva
- Pediatric Health Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Shahram Sadeghvand
- Pediatric Health Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sohrab Negargar
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Haniyeh Poursistany
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sina Raeisi
- Pediatric Health Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Clinical Research Development Unit of Zahra Mardani Azari Children Educational and Treatment Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Liu HM, Chang ZY, Yang CW, Chang HH, Lee TY. Farnesoid X Receptor Agonist GW4064 Protects Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Intestinal Epithelial Barrier Function and Colorectal Tumorigenesis Signaling through the α Klotho/βKlotho/FGFs Pathways in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16932. [PMID: 38069256 PMCID: PMC10706872 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The farnesoid X receptor (FXR)/βKlotho/fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) pathway is crucial for maintaining the intestinal barrier and preventing colorectal cancer (CRC). We used an FXR agonist, GW4064, and FXR-knockout (FXR-KO) mice to investigate the role of FXR/Klothos/FGFs pathways in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction and colon carcinogenesis. The results showed that upregulation of FXR in enterocytes effectively ameliorated intestinal tight-junction markers (claudin1 and zonula occludens-1), inflammation, and bile acid levels, thereby protecting mice from intestinal barrier dysfunction and colon carcinogenesis. GW4064 treatment increased FXR, αKlotho, βKlotho, FGF19, FGF21, and FGF23 in wild-type mice exposed to LPS, while FXR-KO mice had decreased levels. FXR-KO mice exhibited elevated colon cancer markers (β-catenin, LGR5, CD44, CD34, and cyclin D1) under LPS, underscoring the pivotal role of FXR in inhibiting the development of colon tumorigenesis. The varying gut microbiota responses in FXR-KO mice versus wild-type mice post LPS exposure emphasize the pivotal role of FXR in preserving intestinal microbial health, involving Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, Bacteroides acidifaciens, and Helicobacter hepaticus. Our study validates the effectiveness of GW4064 in alleviating LPS-induced disruptions to the intestinal barrier and colon carcinogenesis, emphasizing the importance of the FXR/αKlotho/βKlotho/FGFs pathway and the interplay between bile acids and gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsuan-Miao Liu
- Graduate Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan;
| | - Zi-Yu Chang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung 20401, Taiwan;
| | - Ching-Wei Yang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan;
- Division of Internal and Pediatric Chinese Medicine, Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou 333423, Taiwan
| | - Hen-Hong Chang
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Tzung-Yan Lee
- Graduate Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan;
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung 20401, Taiwan;
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Alem F, Campos-Obando N, Narayanan A, Bailey CL, Macaya RF. Exogenous Klotho Extends Survival in COVID-19 Model Mice. Pathogens 2023; 12:1404. [PMID: 38133288 PMCID: PMC10746004 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12121404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
A striking feature of COVID-19 disease is the broad spectrum of risk factors associated with case severity, as well as the diversity of clinical manifestations. While no central agent has been able to explain the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 infection, the factors that most robustly correlate with severity are risk factors linked to aging. Low serum levels of Klotho, an anti-aging protein, strongly correlate with the pathogenesis of the same risk factors and manifestations of conditions similar to those expressed in severe COVID-19 cases. The current manuscript presents original research on the effects of the exogenous application of Klotho, an anti-aging protein, in COVID-19 model mice. Klotho supplementation resulted in a statistically significant survival benefit in parametric and non-parametric models. Further research is required to elucidate the mechanistic role Klotho plays in COVID-19 pathogenesis as well as the possible modulation SARS-CoV-2 may have on the biological aging process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhang Alem
- Biomedical Research Laboratory, George Mason University, 4400 University Dr., Fairfax, VA 22030, USA; (F.A.); (A.N.); (C.L.B.)
| | - Natalia Campos-Obando
- Formerly at Caja Costarricense de Seguro Social, San José P.O. Box 10105-1000, Costa Rica;
| | - Aarthi Narayanan
- Biomedical Research Laboratory, George Mason University, 4400 University Dr., Fairfax, VA 22030, USA; (F.A.); (A.N.); (C.L.B.)
| | - Charles L. Bailey
- Biomedical Research Laboratory, George Mason University, 4400 University Dr., Fairfax, VA 22030, USA; (F.A.); (A.N.); (C.L.B.)
| | - Roman F. Macaya
- Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Ave., Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Li H, Miao S, Zhang M, Zhang P, Li YB, Duan RS. U-shaped association between serum Klotho and accelerated aging among the middle-aged and elderly US population: a cross-sectional study. BMC Geriatr 2023; 23:780. [PMID: 38017397 PMCID: PMC10685632 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-023-04479-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phenotypic age acceleration, which reflects the difference between phenotypic age and chronological age, is an assessment to measure accelerated aging. Klotho is a protein related to slower aging, but its association with accelerated aging remains unclear. METHODS Based on data from the 2007-2010 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, phenotypic age was calculated using chronological age and 9 aging-related biomarkers. A total of 4388 participants aged 40 to 79 years with measured serum Klotho and calculated phenotypic age were enrolled. The association between serum Klotho and phenotypic age acceleration was estimated using multivariable linear regression models. The possible nonlinear relationship was examined with smooth curve fitting. We also conducted a segmented regression model to examine the threshold effect. RESULTS The association between serum Klotho and phenotypic age acceleration followed a U-shaped curve (p for nonlinearity < 0.001), with the inflection point at 870.7 pg/ml. The phenotypic age acceleration significantly decreased with the increment of serum Klotho (per SD increment: β -1.77; 95% CI, -2.57 ~ -0.98) in participants with serum Klotho < 870.7 pg/ml, and increased with the increment of serum Klotho (per SD increment:β, 1.03; 95% CI: 0.53 ~ 1.54) in participants with serum Klotho ≥ 870.7 pg/ml. CONCLUSION There was a U-shaped association between serum Klotho and accelerated aging among the middle-aged and elderly US population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, 250014, People's Republic of China
- Shandong Institute of Neuroimmunology, Jinan, 250014, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuai Miao
- Medical School of Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA), Beijing, 100853, People's Republic of China
- Department of Neurology, the First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, 250014, People's Republic of China
- Shandong Institute of Neuroimmunology, Jinan, 250014, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, 250014, People's Republic of China
- Shandong Institute of Neuroimmunology, Jinan, 250014, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan-Bin Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, 250014, People's Republic of China
- Shandong Institute of Neuroimmunology, Jinan, 250014, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui-Sheng Duan
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, 250014, People's Republic of China.
- Shandong Institute of Neuroimmunology, Jinan, 250014, People's Republic of China.
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董 涵, 李 蒙, 孙 萌, 周 冉, 张 新, 程 亚. [Effect of recombinant human growth hormone on serum Klotho and fibroblast growth factor 23 in children with idiopathic short stature]. Zhongguo Dang Dai Er Ke Za Zhi 2023; 25:1143-1149. [PMID: 37990459 PMCID: PMC10672957 DOI: 10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2306105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the changes in the serum levels of Klotho, fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23), and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) in children with idiopathic short stature (ISS) before and after recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) treatment, as well as the correlation of Klotho and FGF23 with the growth hormone (GH)/IGF-1 growth axis in these children. METHODS A prospective study was conducted on 33 children who were diagnosed with ISS in the Department of Pediatrics, Hebei Provincial People's Hospital, from March 10, 2021 to December 1, 2022 (ISS group). Twenty-nine healthy children, matched for age and sex, who attended the Department of Child Healthcare during the same period, were enrolled as the healthy control group. The children in the ISS group were treated with rhGH, and the serum levels of Klotho, FGF23, and IGF-1 were measured before treatment and after 3, 6, and 9 months of treatment. A correlation analysis was conducted on these indexes. RESULTS There were no significant differences in the serum levels of IGF-1, Klotho, and FGF23 between the ISS and healthy control groups (P>0.05). The serum levels of Klotho, FGF23, and IGF-1 increased significantly in the ISS group after 3, 6, and 9 months of rhGH treatment (P<0.05). In the ISS group, Klotho and FGF23 levels were positively correlated with the phosphate level before treatment (P<0.05). Before treatment and after 3, 6, and 9 months of rhGH treatment, the Klotho level was positively correlated with the IGF-1 level (P<0.05), the FGF23 level was positively correlated with the IGF-1 level (P<0.05), and the Klotho level was positively correlated with the FGF23 level (P<0.05), while Klotho and FGF23 levels were not correlated with the height standard deviation of point (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS The rhGH treatment can upregulate the levels of Klotho, FGF23, and IGF-1 and realize the catch-up growth in children with ISS. Klotho and FGF23 may not directly promote the linear growth of children with ISS, but may have indirect effects through the pathways such as IGF-1 and phosphate metabolism. The consistent changes in Klotho, FGF23 and IGF-1 levels show that there is a synergistic relationship among them in regulating the linear growth of ISS children.
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Yan S, Luo W, Lei L, Zhang Q, Xiu J. Association between serum Klotho concentration and hyperlipidemia in adults: a cross-sectional study from NHANES 2007-2016. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1280873. [PMID: 38027194 PMCID: PMC10668332 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1280873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The Klotho protein is a well-documented anti-aging protein known for its diverse biological functions. Hyperlipidemia is an established independent risk factor for various chronic diseases. However, there is limited understanding of the connection between Klotho and hyperlipidemia. The aim was to assess the association between serum Klotho levels and hyperlipidemia among adults. Methods The study included 11,618 individuals from the NHANES database from 2006 to 2017. Hyperlipidemia was diagnosed following the National Cholesterol Education Program guidelines. Serum Klotho concentration was measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit, and the association between Klotho and hyperlipidemia was assessed by a multivariable logistic regression model. Fitted smoothing curves and threshold-effect analysis were employed to describe nonlinear relationships. Results In our multiple logistic regression models, serum Klotho concentration was significantly associated with hyperlipidemia after adjusting for comprehensive confounders (per SD increment odds ratio (OR): 0.91; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.86-0.97). Compared to individuals in the lowest Klotho quartile, those in the highest quartile exhibited a substantially decreased prevalence of hyperlipidemia (OR: 0.72; 95% CI: 0.58-0.90). Using a two-segment logistic regression model, we identified a U-shaped relationship between serum Klotho concentration and hyperlipidemia, with an inflection point at 1,365.5 pg/mL. Subgroup analysis did not reveal any potential moderating effects. Conclusion This study revealed an inverse relationship between Klotho levels and hyperlipidemia. Further investigation is warranted to explore the underlying mechanism between serum Klotho and hyperlipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Qiuxia Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiancheng Xiu
- Department of Cardiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Chen MH, Bai YM, Wu HJ, Li CT, Lin WC, Tsai SJ, Su TP, Tu PC. Role of klotho on antidepressant and antisuicidal effects of low-dose ketamine infusion among patients with treatment-resistant depression and suicidal ideation. J Affect Disord 2023; 340:471-475. [PMID: 37579883 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.08.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Previous studies have found an association between klotho, an anti-aging hormone, and major depressive disorder. However, whether low-dose ketamine infusion alters klotho levels among patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD) remains unknown. METHODS In total, 48 patients with TRD and strong suicidal ideation were randomly assigned to a single 0.5 mg/kg ketamine or 0.045 mg/kg midazolam regimen and were subjected to a 2-week follow-up. Depressive and suicidal symptoms were assessed before the infusion and during the follow-up. The serum levels of klotho were assessed at baseline and 3 days postinfusion. RESULTS A generalized linear model with adjustment of baseline klotho levels showed that, despite the fact that ketamine did not significantly increase levels of klotho, patients in the ketamine group had higher levels of klotho at Day 3 postinfusion than patients in the midazolam group (p = 0.043). However, we found no association between changes in klotho levels and changes in depressive and suicidal symptoms (all p > 0.05). Higher klotho levels at baseline were associated with poorer antidepressant effect of low-dose ketamine during postinfusion follow-up. DISCUSSION Klotho may play a role in the antidepressant effect of low-dose ketamine. Additional molecular studies are necessary to elucidate the neuromechanisms of TRD, ketamine, and klotho.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mu-Hong Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Brain Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Ya-Mei Bai
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Brain Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ju Wu
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Ta Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Brain Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chen Lin
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Brain Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Jen Tsai
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Brain Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tung-Ping Su
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Brain Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Chi Tu
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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Liu Y, Cheng Y, Sun M, Hao X, Li M. Analysis of serum insulin-like growth factor-1, fibroblast growth factor 23, and Klotho levels in girls with rapidly progressive central precocious puberty. Eur J Pediatr 2023; 182:5007-5013. [PMID: 37644169 PMCID: PMC10640509 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-023-05174-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
To study the levels of serum insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23), and Klotho, and to study their relationship with girls with rapidly progressive central precocious puberty (RP-CPP). This is a cross-sectional study on the progression rate of central precocious puberty in girls, who complained of breast development before the age of 8 years and were followed between June 2021 and June 2022. At the same time, 28 healthy girls less than 8 years old who had not started puberty were recruited as the control group. The physical examination and laboratory evaluation of each group was completed. Only patients with CPP received pelvic ultrasound examination and bone age test. Bone age index (BAI), basal LH levels (BLH), basal LH levels/basal FSH levels (BFSH), peak LH (PLH)/peak FSH (PFSH), IGF-1, Klotho, FGF23, and ovarian volume in the RP-CPP group were higher than those in slowly progressive CPP (SP-CPP) group. In the RP-CPP group, IGF-1 was correlated with Klotho, FGF23, and BLH; Klotho was correlated with FGF23 and BLH; FGF23 was correlated with BLH. CONCLUSION The BLH, FGF23, Klotho, and IGF-1 have a certain correlation with RP-CPP, which may play an important role in the speed of girls' sexual development. WHAT IS KNOWN • The association between IGF-1 and RP-CPP. WHAT IS NEW • We found the association between FGF23, Klotho and RP-CPP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuping Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Hebei General Hospital, 348 Heping West Road, Xinhua District, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Yaying Cheng
- Department of Pediatrics, Hebei General Hospital, 348 Heping West Road, Xinhua District, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
| | - Meng Sun
- Department of Pediatrics, Hebei General Hospital, 348 Heping West Road, Xinhua District, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Xiaojing Hao
- Department of Pediatrics, Hebei General Hospital, 348 Heping West Road, Xinhua District, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Mengmeng Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Hebei General Hospital, 348 Heping West Road, Xinhua District, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
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Wang M, Zhou Y, Hao G, Wu YE, Yin R, Zheng Y, Zhao W. Recombinant Klotho alleviates vancomycin-induced acute kidney injury by upregulating anti-oxidative capacity via JAK2/STAT3/GPx3 axis. Toxicology 2023; 499:153657. [PMID: 37884167 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2023.153657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Emerging studies support that Klotho protects against different kidney diseases. However, the role of Klotho in vancomycin induced acute kidney injury (Van-AKI) is largely unclear. Hence this study aimed to explore the regulatory mechanism of Klotho in Van-AKI. The mRNA expression of Klotho and the JAK2/STAT3/GPx3 in renal tissue were assessed by RNA sequence analysis after 600 mg/kg Van daily for seven days; Small interfering RNA and recombinant protein are applied to examine the mechanism action of Klotho in vitro and in vivo respectively. Flow cytometry and spectrophotometry detected the expression of reactive oxygen species and antioxidant enzymes. Transmission electron microscopy scanned the structural damage of mitochondria. Western blotting, qPCR, and immunofluorescence were employed to explore the JAK2/STAT3/GPx3 expression. RNA sequence analysis found that Van challenging reduced Klotho and GPx3 expression but increased JAK2/STAT3 in renal tissue. In HK-2 cells, Klotho were decreased by Van in a dose-dependent manner. Klotho siRNA enhanced the production of reactive oxygen species and the cell apoptosis ratio by regulating the JAK2/STAT3, and JAK2/STAT3 inhibitors prevented the decrease of GPx3. Meanwhile, 1 μg/ml recombinant human Klotho showed the opposite function to 120 pmol Klotho siRNA. In Van-AKI BALB/c mice, 20 μg/kg recombinant mouse Klotho once every two days improved the anti-oxidative enzyme expression, mitochondria structure, renal dysfunction, and histological damage. In conclusion, Klotho enhances antioxidant capacity through the JAK2/STAT3/GPx3 axis, which in turn improves Van-AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- MengMeng Wang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), NMPA Key Laboratory for Clinical Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yue Zhou
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), NMPA Key Laboratory for Clinical Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - GuoXiang Hao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), NMPA Key Laboratory for Clinical Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yue E Wu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), NMPA Key Laboratory for Clinical Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Rui Yin
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), NMPA Key Laboratory for Clinical Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yi Zheng
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), NMPA Key Laboratory for Clinical Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), NMPA Key Laboratory for Clinical Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China; Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Pediatric Drug Development, Shandong Medicine and Health Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, Jinan, China.
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Jiang W, Gan C, Zhou X, Yang Q, Chen D, Xiao H, Dai L, Chen Y, Wang M, Yang H, Li Q. Klotho inhibits renal ox-LDL deposition via IGF-1R/RAC1/OLR1 signaling to ameliorate podocyte injury in diabetic kidney disease. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2023; 22:293. [PMID: 37891556 PMCID: PMC10612302 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-023-02025-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is characterized by the abnormal deposition of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL), which contributes to podocyte damage. Klotho, an aging suppressor that plays a critical role in protecting podocytes in DKD, is mainly expressed in kidney tubular epithelium and secreted in the blood. However, it has not been established whether Klotho can alleviate podocyte injury by inhibiting renal ox-LDL deposition, and the potential molecular mechanisms require further investigation. METHODS We conducted a comprehensive analysis of serum and kidney biopsy samples obtained from patients diagnosed with DKD. Additionally, to explore the underlying mechanism of Klotho in the deposition of ox-LDL in the kidneys, we employed a mouse model of DKD with the Klotho genotype induced by streptozotocin (STZ). Furthermore, we conducted meticulous in vitro experiments on podocytes to gain further insights into the specific role of Klotho in the deposition of ox-LDL within the kidney. RESULTS Our groundbreaking study unveiled the remarkable ability of the soluble form of Klotho to effectively inhibit high glucose-induced ox-LDL deposition in podocytes affected by DKD. Subsequent investigations elucidated that Klotho achieved this inhibition by reducing the expression of the insulin/insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R), consequently leading to a decrease in the expression of Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (RAC1) and an enhancement of mitochondrial function. Ultimately, this series of events culminated in a significant reduction in the expression of the oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor (OLR1), thereby resulting in a notable decrease in renal ox-LDL deposition in DKD. CONCLUSION Our findings suggested that Klotho had the potential to mitigate podocyte injury and reduced high glucose-induced ox-LDL deposition in glomerulus by modulating the IGF-1R/RAC1/OLR1 signaling. These results provided valuable insights that could inform the development of novel strategies for diagnosing and treating DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Jiang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Department of Nephrology, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Pediatric Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun Gan
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Department of Nephrology, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Pediatric Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xindi Zhou
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Department of Nephrology, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Pediatric Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Yang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Department of Nephrology, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Pediatric Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Chen
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Department of Nephrology, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Pediatric Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Han Xiao
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Department of Nephrology, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Pediatric Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Lujun Dai
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaxi Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Centre for Lipid Research & Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Mo Wang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Department of Nephrology, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Pediatric Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiping Yang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Department of Nephrology, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Pediatric Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qiu Li
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Department of Nephrology, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Pediatric Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
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Sun F, Liang P, Wang B, Liu W. The fibroblast growth factor- Klotho axis at molecular level. Open Life Sci 2023; 18:20220655. [PMID: 37941788 PMCID: PMC10628560 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2022-0655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Klotho is a recently discovered protein that has positive effects on all systems of the body, for example, regulating calcium and phosphorus metabolism, protecting nerves, delaying aging and so on. Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) are a group of polypeptides that function throughout the body by binding with cell surface FGF receptors (FGFRs). Endocrine FGFs require Klotho as a co-receptor for FGFRs. There is increasing evidence that Klotho participates in calcium and phosphorus regulation and metabolic regulation via the FGF-Klotho axis. Moreover, soluble Klotho can function as a separate hormone to regulate homeostasis on various ion channels and carrier channels on the cell surface. This review mainly explains the molecular basis of the membrane signaling mechanism of Klotho.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuqiang Sun
- School of Anesthesiology, Weifang Medical University, Shandong Provincial Medicine and Health Key Laboratory of Clinical Anesthesia, Weifang261053, Shandong, China
| | - Panpan Liang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Bo Wang
- School of Anesthesiology, Weifang Medical University, Shandong Provincial Medicine and Health Key Laboratory of Clinical Anesthesia, Weifang261053, Shandong, China
| | - Wenbo Liu
- Central Laboratory of the First Affiliated Hospital, Weifang Medical University, Weifang261000, Shandong, China
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Ogura Y, Mimura I. Epigenetic roles in clonal hematopoiesis and aging kidney-related chronic kidney disease. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1281850. [PMID: 37928907 PMCID: PMC10623128 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1281850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulation of somatic hematopoietic stem cell mutations with aging has been revealed by the recent genome-wide analysis. Clonal expansion, known as clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP), is a premalignant condition of hematological cancers. It is defined as the absence of definitive morphological evidence of a hematological neoplasm and occurrence of ≥2% of mutant allele fraction in the peripheral blood. In CHIP, the most frequently mutated genes are epigenetic regulators such as DNMT3A, TET2, and ASXL1. CHIP induces inflammation. CHIP is shown to be associated with not only hematological malignancy but also non-malignant disorders such as atherosclerosis, cardiovascular diseases and chronic liver disease. In addition, recent several large clinical trials have shown that CHIP is also the risk factor for developing chronic kidney disease (CKD). In this review article, we proposed novel findings about CHIP and CHIP related kidney disease based on the recent basic and clinical research. The possible mechanism of the kidney injury in CHIP is supposed to be due to the clonal expansion in both myeloid and lymphoid cell lines. In myeloid cell lines, the mutated macrophages increase the inflammatory cytokine level and induce chronic inflammation. It leads to epigenetic downregulation of kidney and macrophage klotho level. In lymphoid cell lines, CHIP might be related to monoclonal gammopathy of renal significance (MGRS). It describes any B cell or plasma cell clonal disorder that does not fulfill the criteria for cancer yet produces a nephrotoxic monoclonal immunoglobulin that leads to kidney injury or disease. MGRS causes M-protein related nephropathy frequently observed among aged CKD patients. It is important to consider the CHIP-related complications such as hematological malignancy, cardiovascular diseases and metabolic disorders in managing the elderly CKD patients. There are no established therapies for CHIP and CHIP-related CKD yet. However, recent studies have supported the development of effective CHIP therapies, such as blocking the expansion of aberrant HSCs and inhibiting chronic inflammation. In addition, drugs targeting the epigenetic regulation of Klotho in the kidney and macrophages might be therapeutic targets of CHIP in the kidney.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Imari Mimura
- Division of Nephrology and Endocrinology, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Pańczyszyn-Trzewik P, Czechowska E, Stachowicz K, Sowa-Kućma M. The Importance of α- Klotho in Depression and Cognitive Impairment and Its Connection to Glutamate Neurotransmission-An Up-to-Date Review. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15268. [PMID: 37894946 PMCID: PMC10607524 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Depression is a serious neuropsychiatric disease affecting an increasing number of people worldwide. Cognitive deficits (including inattention, poor memory, and decision-making difficulties) are common in the clinical picture of depression. Cognitive impairment has been hypothesized to be one of the most important components of major depressive disorder (MDD; referred to as clinical depression), although typical cognitive symptoms are less frequent in people with depression than in people with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder (BD; sometimes referred to as manic-depressive disorder). The importance of α-Klotho in the aging process has been well-documented. Growing evidence points to the role of α-Klotho in regulating other biological functions, including responses to oxidative stress and the modulation of synaptic plasticity. It has been proven that a Klotho deficit may contribute to the development of various nervous system pathologies, such as behavioral disorders or neurodegeneration. Given the growing evidence of the role of α-Klotho in depression and cognitive impairment, it is assumed that this protein may be a molecular link between them. Here, we provide a research review of the role of α-Klotho in depression and cognitive impairment. Furthermore, we propose potential mechanisms (related to oxidative stress and glutamatergic transmission) that may be important in α-Klotho-mediated regulation of mental and cognitive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrycja Pańczyszyn-Trzewik
- Department of Human Physiology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszow University, Kopisto 2a, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland; (P.P.-T.); (E.C.)
| | - Ewelina Czechowska
- Department of Human Physiology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszow University, Kopisto 2a, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland; (P.P.-T.); (E.C.)
| | - Katarzyna Stachowicz
- Department of Neurobiology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smetna 12, 31-343 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Magdalena Sowa-Kućma
- Department of Human Physiology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszow University, Kopisto 2a, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland; (P.P.-T.); (E.C.)
- Centre for Innovative Research in Medical and Natural Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszow University, Warzywna Street 1A, 35-595 Rzeszow, Poland
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Rostamzadeh F, Moosavi-Saeed Y, Yeganeh-Hajahmadi M. Interaction of Klotho and sirtuins. Exp Gerontol 2023; 182:112306. [PMID: 37804921 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2023.112306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In this article, we review the articles that have reported the interaction between Klotho and sirtuins. RECENT FINDINGS Sirtuins are a family of histone deacetylase enzymes that are considered to be the main regulators of biological processes. This family is one of the essential factors for postponing aging and increasing the life span of organisms. Sirtuins play a role in regulating the function of various cellular processes such as cellular metabolism, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and inflammation. It has also been shown that various diseases are related to these enzymes. Klotho is an anti-aging protein that exists as a membrane protein as well as a soluble circulating form. The membrane type of this protein acts as a co-receptor of the FGF endocrine family. It has been shown that the Klotho gene is related to age-related diseases, including osteoporosis, coronary artery, brain diseases, diabetes, etc. At the same time, it is difficult to separate the actions of Klotho and endocrine FGFs. Several studies have shown that Klotho and sirtuins interact with each other at different regulatory levels. However, it is necessary to carry out more in-vivo investigations to create new windows towards the treatment or prevention of various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzaneh Rostamzadeh
- Physiology Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Yasamin Moosavi-Saeed
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mahboobeh Yeganeh-Hajahmadi
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Science, Kerman, Iran.
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