1
|
Khan MU, Basist P, Gaurav, Zahiruddin S, Penumallu NR, Ahmad S. Ameliorative effect of traditional polyherbal formulation on TNF-α, IL-1β and Caspase-3 expression in kidneys of wistar rats against sodium fluoride induced oxidative stress. J Ethnopharmacol 2024; 318:116900. [PMID: 37442489 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Sharbat-e-bazoori Motadil (SBM) is a polyherbal formulation that have been used for centuries as a part of the Unani system of medicine for renal disease. AIM OF THE STUDY The objective of this study was to explore and validate the nephroprotective potential of sugar-free SBM (SF-SBM) and its mechanisms of action against sodium fluoride (NaF)-induced nephrotoxicity in HEK-293 cells. Additionally, the study aimed to assess the quality control of SF-SBM and investigate its effects using an in vivo rat model with pattern recognition following oral administration of SF-SBM. MATERIALS AND METHODS The nephroprotective effect of SF-SBM was investigated using both an HEK-293 cell line and Wistar rats. Nephrotoxicity was induced in these models by administering NaF at a concentration of 600 ppm (parts per million) for a duration of seven days. The SF-SBM formulation was standardized using high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) to assess the presence of marker compounds, namely gallic acid, quercetin, and ferulic acid. Metabolite characterization of SF-SBM was carried out using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS) with a monolithic capillary silica-based C18 column. This analytical technique allowed for the identification of bioactive substances and verification of the identified markers. Acute toxicity of SF-SBM was evaluated in Wistar rats by administering a single oral dose of 2000 mg/kg of SF-SBM. The nephroprotective efficacy of SF-SBM was further assessed at low (LD), medium (MD) and high (HD) doses of 32.1, 64.2, and 128.4 mg/kg, respectively, administered orally. Nephrotoxicity was induced in Wistar rats by adding NaF to their drinking water for seven days. Biochemical and urine markers were analyzed to evaluate the antioxidant, inflammatory, and apoptotic potential of SF-SBM. Additionally, histopathological analysis and immunohistochemical alterations in the expression of caspase-3 and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase-4 (NOX-4) in kidney tissue were performed to confirm the findings of the in vivo experiments. Furthermore, in vivo pattern recognition of SF-SBM metabolites, identified through GC-MS metabolomics, and in-silico docking analysis of major metabolites in plasma were conducted to gain further insights. RESULT Phytochemical analysis using HPTLC, TLC-bioautography, and UPLC-MS revealed the presence of several bioactive constituents in SF-SBM, including ferulic acid, gallic acid (GA), ellagic acid, quercetin, and apigenin. These compounds exhibit diverse pharmacological properties. In vitro studies demonstrated the protective effect of SF-SBM on HEK-293 cell line against nephrotoxicity. The acute toxicity study of SF-SBM at a dose of 2000 mg/kg showed no mortality or signs of toxicity throughout the 14-day observation period. In the in vivo studies, administration of NaF resulted in significant elevation (P < 0.001) of biochemical and urine parameters, indicating oxidative, inflammatory, and apoptotic stress. Histopathological examination revealed severe depletion of Bowman's capsule, and immunohistochemistry demonstrated negative immunostaining for caspase-3 and reduced NOX-4 reactions. Pre-treatment with SF-SBM significantly attenuated the elevated biochemical and urine markers, restored the antioxidant enzyme levels (such as SOD, CAT, GSH, GPx and NO), and regulated the expression of inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, CASP-3) in kidney tissue at doses of SF-SBM-MD (64.2 mg/kg) and SF-SBM-HD (128.4 mg/kg), showing comparable results to those of α-Ketoanalogue. Histopathological assessment demonstrated improvements in tissue damage. Pattern recognition analysis of SF-SBM identified the presence of 56 metabolites at different time intervals. Additionally, in-silico studies revealed strong interactions of SF-SBM with a binding energy of -6.5 and -5.6 kcal for 4C2N. CONCLUSION The phytoconstituents present in SF-SBM play a crucial role in its nephroprotective action by acting as potent antioxidants and reducing proinflammatory and apoptotic damage in rat cells. This indicates that SF-SBM has promising potential for the treatment of nephrotoxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Umar Khan
- Centre of Excellence in Unani Medicine (Pharmacognosy & Pharmacology), Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India; Bioactive Natural Product Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India; Department of Food Technology, School of Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Parakh Basist
- Centre of Excellence in Unani Medicine (Pharmacognosy & Pharmacology), Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India; Bioactive Natural Product Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Gaurav
- Centre of Excellence in Unani Medicine (Pharmacognosy & Pharmacology), Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India; Bioactive Natural Product Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India; IIMT College of Medical Sciences, IIMT University, O Pocket Ganga Nagar Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, 250001, India
| | - Sultan Zahiruddin
- Centre of Excellence in Unani Medicine (Pharmacognosy & Pharmacology), Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India; Bioactive Natural Product Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Naveen Reddy Penumallu
- Centre of Excellence in Unani Medicine (Pharmacognosy & Pharmacology), Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India; Bioactive Natural Product Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Sayeed Ahmad
- Centre of Excellence in Unani Medicine (Pharmacognosy & Pharmacology), Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India; Bioactive Natural Product Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India; Department of Food Technology, School of Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Jain T, Singh MP, Gohil KJ. Natural Flavonoids: Fortifying Renal Defence Mechanism. Curr Drug Saf 2024; 19:CDS-EPUB-137127. [PMID: 38204272 DOI: 10.2174/0115748863277092231217142733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The kidneys, intricate organs responsible for maintaining fluid and electrolyte balance, are susceptible to damage from diverse nephrotoxic insults, including drugs, toxins, and metabolic disorders. In recent years, flavonoids, bioactive compounds abundant in fruits, vegetables, and herbal extracts, have emerged as promising candidates for renal protection due to their potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. METHODS We have collected the data that supported this idea to conduct a comprehensive review by using scientific databases, such as Pub Med ®, ScienceDirect ®, Google Scholar ®, and MEDLINE ®. An attempt was made to refer to all English-language articles published between 2000 to 2020 using keywords like flavonoids potential in nephrotoxicity and nephrotoxicity treatment approaches with herbal remedies. CONCLUSION This comprehensive review delves into the molecular mechanisms underlying the reno-protective effects of flavonoids. By scavenging reactive oxygen species, inhibiting inflammatory mediators, and modulating intracellular signalling pathways, flavonoids can mitigate oxidative stress and inflammation, thereby preserving renal function and integrity. Preclinical studies have demonstrated the potential of specific flavonoids in ameliorating drug-induced nephrotoxicity, renal ischemia-reperfusion injury, diabetic nephropathy, and other kidney diseases. Furthermore, epidemiological evidence highlights the inverse relationship between flavonoid intake and the risk of developing kidney diseases. Nevertheless, understanding the molecular mechanisms of flavonoids in nephroprotection offers exciting prospects for developing novel therapeutic strategies to combat kidney diseases and promote kidney health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tanya Jain
- Department of Pharmacology, Anand College of Pharmacy, Sharda University, Agra-282007, India
| | - Manish Pal Singh
- Department of Pharmacology, Anand College of Pharmacy, Sharda University, Agra-282007, India
| | - Kashmira J Gohil
- Department of Pharmacology, Anand College of Pharmacy, Sharda University, Agra-282007, India
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Scheen A, Delanaye P. [Finerenone (Kerendia®), a new weapon against the chronic kidney disease of a patient with type 2 diabetes]. Rev Med Liege 2023; 78:725-732. [PMID: 38095038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Finerenone, a new nonsteroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist, showed a significant reduction in a primary composite renal outcome in FIDELIO-DKD and a significant reduction in a primary composite cardiovascular outcome in FIGARO-DKD in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and a chronic kidney disease (CKD). In a subsequent analysis that combined these two clinical trials (FIDELITY), the reduction becomes statistically significant when compared to placebo for both outcomes, with a hazard ratio of 0.86 (95 % confidence interval 0.78-0.95; P = 0.0018) for the cardiovascular outcome and 0.77 (0.67-0.88; P = 0.0002) for the renal outcome. Furthermore, all renal events occurred less frequently with finerenone than with placebo, including the progression to end-stage CKD independently of the baseline levels of glomerular filtration rate and albuminuria and regardless of associated medications (including gliflozins). The safety profile was excellent. However, a significant increase in serum potassium level was observed. Even if it is less pronounced than the increase usually seen with spironolactone, the risk of hyperkalemia requires some caution regarding both patient selection and monitoring. Finerenone (Kerendia®) is indicated in the treatment of CKD with albuminuria in adult patients with T2D. In Belgium, it is reimbursed with conditions in combination with a renin-angiotensin blocker.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- André Scheen
- Service de Diabétologie, Nutrition et Maladies métaboliques, Département de Médecine interne, CHU Liège, Belgique
| | - Pierre Delanaye
- Service de Néphrologie, Dialyse et Transplantation, CHU Liège, Belgique
- Service de Néphrologie-Dialyse-Aphérèse, Hôpital Universitaire Carémeau, Nîmes, France
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Bainaud M, Try M, Zaidan M. [ Nephroprotection: General principles and application to the patients with cancers - when nephroprotection is essential for oncological care plan]. Bull Cancer 2023:S0007-4551(23)00295-3. [PMID: 37827963 DOI: 10.1016/j.bulcan.2023.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Nephroprotection is a set of recommendations that aim to prevent the risks of acute and/or chronic renal failure and to limit the progression of renal failure towards an end stage. Nephroprotection is not limited to nephrology and applies to all patients at risk of renal failure. Cancer patients are particularly at risk of developing intrinsic and extrinsic renal failure, as well as the toxicity of specific treatments. However, they are poorly included in nephroprotection studies. Thus, current guidelines have not been adapted to these pathologies and oncology-specific comorbidities, such as malnutrition or prognosis, are often not taken into account. In this article, we review the established recommendations by transposing them to the cancer patient as a whole. In addition to the reminder of hygiene and dietary rules to control blood pressure and diabetes, we discuss the importance of therapeutic education, iatrogeny and treatment options to control renal failure in this context. The lack of clearly established data in cancer confirms the needs to strengthen links between oncologists, hematologists and nephrologists and reinforces the emergence of onco-nephrology as a new discipline.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthieu Bainaud
- Centre hospitalier universitaire de Poitiers, service d'oncologie médicale, Poitiers, France; Groupe de recherche interdisciplinaire francophone en onco-néphrologie, Paris, France.
| | - Melanie Try
- Groupe de recherche interdisciplinaire francophone en onco-néphrologie, Paris, France; Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), centre hospitalier universitaire de Bicêtre, université de Paris-Saclay, service de néphrologie, dialyse et transplantation, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Mohamad Zaidan
- Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), centre hospitalier universitaire de Bicêtre, université de Paris-Saclay, service de néphrologie, dialyse et transplantation, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Cases A. Glucagon-like peptide 1(GLP-1) receptor agonists in the management of the patient with type 2diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney disease: an approach for the nephrologist. Nefrologia 2023; 43:399-412. [PMID: 37813741 DOI: 10.1016/j.nefroe.2023.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 10/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease, a common complication in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, is associated with a markedly increased morbidity and mortality, especially of cardiovascular origin, and faster progression to end-stage renal disease. To date, reducing cardiovascular and renal risk in this population was based on strict control of cardiovascular risk factors and the renin-angiotensin system blockade. More recently, sodium-glucose cotransporter type 2 inhibitors have demonstrated to offer cardiovascular and renal protection, but the residual risk remains high and their antihyperglycemic efficacy is limited in moderate-severe CKD. Therefore, drugs with a potent antihyperglycemic effect, independent of the glomerular filtration rate, with a low risk of hypoglycemia, that reduce weight in overweight/obese patients and that provide cardiovascular and renal protection, such as GLP-1 receptor agonists, are needed. However, these drugs require subcutaneous administration, which may limit their early use. The recent availability of oral semaglutide may facilitate the early introduction of this family with proven cardiovascular and renal benefits and excellent safety profile. In this review the family is analyzed as well as their cardiovascular and renal effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aleix Cases
- Departament de Medicina, Facultat de Medicina, Campus Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ismail AFM, Salem AA, Eassawy MMT. Rutin protects against gamma-irradiation and malathion-induced oxidative stress and inflammation through regulation of mir-129-3p, mir-200C-3p, and mir-210 gene expressions in rats' kidney. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023:10.1007/s11356-023-27166-z. [PMID: 37184799 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-27166-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Kidney injury represents a global concern, leading to chronic kidney disease. The organophosphate insecticide malathion (MT) demonstrates environmental disturbance and impairment of different mammalian organs, including kidneys. Likewise, gamma-irradiation (IRR) provokes destructive effects in the kidneys. Rutin is a flavonoid glycoside that exhibits nephro-protective and radio-protective properties. This manuscript focused on investigating the protective response of rutin on MT- and IRR-triggered kidney injury in rats. Rats were randomly divided into eight groups of twelve: G1 (C), control; G2 (Rutin), rutin-treated rats; G3 (IRR), gamma-irradiated rats; G4 (MT), malathion-treated rats; G5 (IRR/MT), gamma-irradiated rats treated with malathion; G6 (IRR/Rutin), gamma-irradiated rats treated with rutin; G7 (MT/Rutin), rats treated with malathion and rutin; and G8 (IRR/MT/Rutin), gamma-irradiated rats treated with malathion and rutin, every day for 30 days. The results demonstrated that rutin treatment regulated the biochemical parameters, the oxidative stress, the antioxidant status, and the inflammatory responses due to the down-regulation of the renal NF-κB p65 protein expression. Moreover, it amended the activity of acetylcholinesterase (AchE), angiotensin ACE I, and ACE II-converting enzymes. Besides, it regulated the iNOS, eNOS, miR-129-3p, miR-200c, and miR-210 gene expressions and bradykinin receptor (B1R and B2R) protein expressions. Histopathological examinations of the kidney tissue confirmed these investigated results. It could be concluded that rutin demonstrated nephro/radioprotection and counteracted the toxicological effects triggered in the kidney tissues of IRR, MT, and IRR/MT intoxicated rats, via regulating miR-129-3p, miR-200c-3p, and miR-210-3p gene expressions, which consequently regulated B2R protein expressions, ACE II activity, and HIF-1α production, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amel F M Ismail
- Drug Radiation Research Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Asmaa A Salem
- Regional Center for Food and Feed (RCFF), Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mamdouh M T Eassawy
- Regional Center for Food and Feed (RCFF), Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Bawari S, Sah AN, Gupta P, Zengin G, Tewari D. Himalayan Citrus jambhiri juice reduced renal crystallization in nephrolithiasis by possible inhibition of glycolate oxidase and matrix metalloproteinases. J Ethnopharmacol 2023; 306:116157. [PMID: 36646157 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Citrus fruits are a very rich source of electrolytes and citric acid. They have been used traditionally for treating urinary ailments and renal stones. Citrus jambhiri is indigenously used as a diuretic. AIM OF THE STUDY Present study aimed at establishing the antiurolithiatic potential of the juice of Citrus jambhiri fruits along with the elucidation of the mechanism involved in the urolithiasis disease defying activity. METHODS The antiurolithiatic activity was established by means of nucleation, growth and aggregation assay in the in vitro settings and by means of ethylene glycol mediated calcium oxalate urolithiasis in the male Wistar rats. Docking studies were performed in an attempt to determine the mechanism of the antiurolithiatic action. RESULTS Present study revealed the role of C. jambhiri fruit juice in reducing nucleation, growth and aggregation of calcium oxalate crystals by possible reduction in the urinary supersaturation relative to calcium oxalate and raising the zeta potential of the calcium oxalate crystals. C. jambhiri fruit juice treatment in experimental rats produced significant amelioration of hypercalciuria, hyperoxaluria, hyperphosphaturia, hyperproteinuria, hyperuricosuria, hypocitraturia and hypomagnesiuria and ion activity product of calcium oxalate. It exhibited nephroprotection against calcium oxalate crystals induced renal tubular dilation and renal tissue deterioration. Docking studies further revealed high binding potential of the phytoconstituents of C. jambhiri viz. narirutin, neohesperidin, hesperidin, rutin and citric acid with glycolate oxidase and matrix metalloproteinase-9. CONCLUSION C. jambhiri fruit juice possesses excellent antiurolithiatic activity. The study reveals antiurolithiatic mechanism that involves restoration of equilibrium between the promoters and inhibitors of stone formation; and inhibition of matrix metalloproteinases and glycolate oxidase.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sweta Bawari
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University Campus, Sector-125, Noida, 201313, Gautam Buddha Nagar, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Archana N Sah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Technology, Bhimtal, Kumaun University, Nainital, Uttarakhand, 263136, India.
| | - Pawan Gupta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Shri Vile Parle Kelavani Mandal's Institute of Pharmacy, Dhule, Maharashtra, 424001, India
| | - Gökhan Zengin
- Physiology and Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, Konya, 42130, Turkey
| | - Devesh Tewari
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University (DPSRU), New Delhi, 110017, India.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Monteiro EB, Ajackson M, Stockler-Pinto MB, Guebre-Egziabher F, Daleprane JB, Soulage CO. Sulforaphane exhibits potent renoprotective effects in preclinical models of kidney diseases: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Life Sci 2023; 322:121664. [PMID: 37023957 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Sulforaphane (SFN), a naturally occurring isothiocyanate found in cruciferous vegetables, has received extensive attention as a natural activator of the Nrf2/Keap1 cytoprotective pathway. In this review, a meta-analysis and systematic review of the renoprotective effects of SFN were performed in various preclinical models of kidney diseases. MAIN METHODS The primary outcome was the impact of SFN on renal function biomarkers (uremia, creatininemia, proteinuria or creatinine clearance) and secondary outcomes were kidney lesion histological indices/kidney injury molecular biomarkers. The effects of SFN were evaluated according to the standardized mean differences (SMDs). A random-effects model was applied to estimate the overall summary effect. KEY FINDINGS Twenty-five articles (out of 209 studies) were selected from the literature. SFN administration significantly increased creatinine clearance (SMD +1.88 95 % CI: [1.09; 2.68], P < 0.0001, I2 = 0 %) and decreased the plasma creatinine (SMD -1.24, [-1.59; -0.88], P < 0.0001, I2 = 36.0 %) and urea (SMD -3.22 [-4.42, -2.01], P < 0.0001, I2 = 72.4 %) levels. SFN administration (median dose: 2.5 mg/kg, median duration: 3 weeks) significantly decreased urinary protein excretion (SMD -2.20 [-2.68; -1.73], P < 0.0001, I2 = 34.1 %). It further improved two kidney lesion histological indices namely kidney fibrosis (SMD -3.08 [-4.53; -1.63], P < 0.0001, I2 = 73.7 %) and glomerulosclerosis (SMD -2.24 [-2.96; -1.53], P < 0.0001, I2 = 9.7 %) and decreased kidney injury molecular biomarkers (SMD -1.51 [-2.00; -1.02], P < 0.0001, I2 = 0 %). SIGNIFICANCE These findings provide new insights concerning preclinical strategies for treating kidney disease or kidney failure with SFN supplements and should stimulate interest in clinical evaluations of SFN in patients with kidney disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elisa B Monteiro
- Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory, Basic and Experimental Nutrition Department, Institute of Nutrition, Rio de Janeiro State University, 20550-900 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Matheus Ajackson
- Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory, Basic and Experimental Nutrition Department, Institute of Nutrition, Rio de Janeiro State University, 20550-900 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Milena B Stockler-Pinto
- Graduate Program in Pathology, Federal Fluminense University (UFF), Niterói, RJ, Brazil; Graduate Program in Nutrition Sciences, Federal Fluminense University (UFF), Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Fitsum Guebre-Egziabher
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Department of Nephrology, Hôpital E Herriot, Lyon F-69003, France; Univ Lyon, CarMeN Laboratory, INSERM, INRA, INSA-Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69500, Bron, France
| | - Julio B Daleprane
- Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory, Basic and Experimental Nutrition Department, Institute of Nutrition, Rio de Janeiro State University, 20550-900 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Christophe O Soulage
- Univ Lyon, CarMeN Laboratory, INSERM, INRA, INSA-Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69500, Bron, France.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Shin S, Awuah Boadi E, Shah S, Ezell M, Li P, Bandyopadhyay BC. Anti-inflammatory role of extracellular l-arginine through calcium sensing receptor in human renal proximal tubular epithelial (HK-2) cells. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 117:109853. [PMID: 36827919 PMCID: PMC10124988 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.109853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Renal tubular epithelial cells are capable of synthesizing interleukins (IL) in response to a variety of proinflammatory cytokines. Moreover, elevated urinary levels of IL have been shown in patients with various forms of nephritic diseases. However, the underlying intracellular signaling mechanism is unclear. Here we show the immunological signaling role of l-Arginine (l-Arg) through Ca2+-sensing receptor (CaSR) in human kidney 2 (HK-2) renal proximal tubular epithelial cells, using Ca2+ imaging and patch clamp techniques and its mechanistic link to the downstream cellular function. Both pharmacological and siRNA inhibitors support the activation CaSR by extracellular l-Arg to induced Ca2+ entry via a Transient receptor potential canonical (TRPC) channel in HK-2 cells mainly through the receptor operated Ca2+ entry (ROCE). Activation of CaSR by l-Arg led to the rise in p-p38/p38 expression suggesting [Ca2+]i as a regulator for p38-signaling pathways. Notably, l-Arg activated CaSR-induced Ca2+ signaling reduced the expressions of key fibrotic, inflammatory, and apoptotic genes, suggesting its nephroprotective role via Ca2+ signaling through CaSR in HK-2 cells. Since we found that the IL-6 expressions were inversely proportional to the increasing concentrations of l-Arg in HK-2 cells, we measured the release of IL-6, which steadily decreased as the concentrations of l-Arg were elevated. Taken together, extracellular l-Arg is a negative regulator for IL-6-induced inflammatory process, through the activation of CaSR and TRPC channel by ROCE pathway and can have a potential to alleviate inflammatory renal diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Shin
- Calcium Signaling Laboratory, Research Service, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 50 Irving Street, NW, Washington, DC 20422, USA
| | - Eugenia Awuah Boadi
- Calcium Signaling Laboratory, Research Service, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 50 Irving Street, NW, Washington, DC 20422, USA
| | - Saloni Shah
- Calcium Signaling Laboratory, Research Service, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 50 Irving Street, NW, Washington, DC 20422, USA
| | - Madison Ezell
- Calcium Signaling Laboratory, Research Service, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 50 Irving Street, NW, Washington, DC 20422, USA
| | - Peijun Li
- Calcium Signaling Laboratory, Research Service, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 50 Irving Street, NW, Washington, DC 20422, USA
| | - Bidhan C Bandyopadhyay
- Calcium Signaling Laboratory, Research Service, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 50 Irving Street, NW, Washington, DC 20422, USA; Division of Renal Diseases & Hypertension, Department of Medicine, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20037, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Catholic University of America, 620 Michigan Avenue NE, Washington, DC 20064, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zhang F, Wu R, Liu Y, Dai S, Xue X, Li Y, Gong X. Nephroprotective and nephrotoxic effects of Rhubarb and their molecular mechanisms. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 160:114297. [PMID: 36716659 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Rhubarb, in the form of a traditional Chinese medicine, is used in the treatment of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Previous studies have demonstrated that Rhubarb possesses a good nephroprotective effect, which primarily protects the kidneys from fibrosis, oxidation, inflammation, autophagy, and apoptosis. However, studies have shown that the long-term inappropriate use of Rhubarb may cause damage to renal function. Therefore, how to correctly understand and scientifically evaluate the pharmacodynamics and toxicity of Rhubarb with regard to CKD is a scientific question that urgently needs to be answered. In this review, we explain and illustrate how Rhubarb exerts its nephroprotective effect against CKD. We also describe the mechanisms of action that may cause its nephrotoxicity. Valuable and practical clinical guidance is proposed with regard to methods for mitigating the nephrotoxicity of Rhubarb.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Rui Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Yanfang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Shu Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Xinyan Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Yunxia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
| | - Xiaohong Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Säemann M, Cejka D, Schmaldienst S, Rosenkranz AR, Mayer G. Value of SGLT-2 inhibitors in the treatment of chronic kidney disease : Clinical and practical implications. Wien Klin Wochenschr 2023; 135:97-109. [PMID: 36251099 DOI: 10.1007/s00508-022-02096-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) drastically increases the risk for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality and its worldwide prevalence is still rising. Effective treatment slows CKD progression, prevents development of end-stage kidney disease and cardiovascular disease thereby prolonging survival of patients. Recently, several large-scale studies with sodium-glucose cotransport‑2 inhibitors (SGLT-2i) have demonstrated profound nephroprotective and cardioprotective properties in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with both CKD and heart failure. Recently, the dapagliflozin and prevention of adverse outcomes in chronic kidney disease (DAPA-CKD) trial demonstrated that the selective SGLT-2i dapagliflozin reduced the hazard ratio for a composite renal and cardiovascular death endpoint in patients with CKD with or without type 2 diabetes. Furthermore, dapagliflozin exerted strong nephroprotection in CKD patients with diverse etiologies like IgA nephropathy. Furthermore, other promising CKD trials such as with empagliflozin are underway. Hence, individualized treatment with SGLT2i represents a promising therapeutic option for patients with both diabetic and non-diabetic CKD. Here we summarize the current knowledge on the treatment with SGLT-2i in CKD patients underscoring a strong rationale for SGLT2 inhibition to be incorporated into standard of care for most CKD patients also with non-diabetic kidney disease. Finally, we aim to translate the current evidence into recommendations for the clinical practice in the management of patients with CKD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Säemann
- 6. Med. Dept. with Nephrology & Dialysis, Klinik Ottakring Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
- Medical Faculty, Sigmund-Freud University, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Daniel Cejka
- Dept. of Internal Medicine 3-Kidney and High-Pressure Diseases, Transplantation Medicine, Rheumatology, Ordensklinikum Linz-Elisabethinen, Linz, Austria
| | - Sabine Schmaldienst
- 1. Med. Dept. with Nephrology, Intensive Medicine, Psychosomatics and Diabetology, Klinik Favoriten Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alexander R Rosenkranz
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Gert Mayer
- Univ. Clinic for Internal Medicine IV (Nephrology and Hypertensiology), Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Elmowafy E, O El-Derany M, Casettari L, Soliman ME, El-Gogary RI. Gamma oryzanol loaded into micelle-core/chitosan-shell: from translational nephroprotective potential to emphasis on sirtuin-1 associated machineries. Int J Pharm 2023; 631:122482. [PMID: 36513255 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.122482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Gamma oryzanol (ORZ) is a nutraceutical that is poorly water soluble with poor intestinal absorption. In the current work, ORZ was nanoformulated into uncoated and chitosan coated micelles based on methoxy-poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(ε-caprolactone) (mPEG-PCL) and poly(ε-caprolactone)-b-methoxy-poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL-PEG-PCL) copolymers for augmenting ORZ oral delivery. The physicochemical properties, morphological study, in-vitro release and safety of the nanoplaforms were determined. Importantly, the nephroprotective competence of the nanoplaforms was analyzed against acute kidney injury (AKI) rat model and the sirtuin-1 associated machineries were assessed. The results revealed that the micelles exerted particle size (PS) from 97.9 to 117.8 nm that was markedly increased after chitosan coating. The reversal of zeta potential from negative to highly positive further confirmed efficient coating. In vitro release profiles demonstrated prolonged release pattern. The nanoforms conferred higher cell viability values than free ORZ on Vero cell line. The designed micelles displayed augmented nephroprotection compared to free ORZ with the supremacy of CS coated micelles over uncoated ones in restoring kidney parameters to normal levels. The attenuated AKI was fulfilled via the modulation of sirtuin-1 signaling pathways translated by restoring the histological features, increasing renal antioxidant states, renal autophagy and decreasing renal inflammation and renal apoptosis. These outcomes confirmed that surface modification with chitosan had a considerable leverage on micelles safety, release behavior and in vivo performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Enas Elmowafy
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt, Monazzamet Elwehda Elafrikeya Street, Abbaseyya, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Marwa O El-Derany
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, AinShams University, Cairo, Egypt, Monazzamet Elwehda Elafrikeya Street, Abbaseyya, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Luca Casettari
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Piazza delRinascimento, 6, 61029 Urbino, PU, Italy
| | - Mahmoud E Soliman
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt, Monazzamet Elwehda Elafrikeya Street, Abbaseyya, Cairo 11566, Egypt; Egypt-Japan University of Science and Technology (EJUST), New Borg El Arab, Alexandria 21934, Egypt.
| | - Riham I El-Gogary
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt, Monazzamet Elwehda Elafrikeya Street, Abbaseyya, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Heinl ES, Broeker KAE, Lehrmann C, Heydn R, Krieger K, Ortmaier K, Tauber P, Schweda F. Localization of natriuretic peptide receptors A, B, and C in healthy and diseased mouse kidneys. Pflugers Arch 2023; 475:343-360. [PMID: 36480070 PMCID: PMC9908653 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-022-02774-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The natriuretic peptides (NPs) ANP (atrial natriuretic peptide) and BNP (B-type natriuretic peptide) mediate their widespread effects by activating the natriuretic peptide receptor-A (NPR-A), while C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) acts via natriuretic peptide receptor-B (NPR-B). NPs are removed from the circulation by internalization via the natriuretic peptide clearance receptor natriuretic peptide receptor-C (NPR-C). In addition to their well-known functions, for instance on blood pressure, all three NPs confer significant cardioprotection and renoprotection. Since neither the NP-mediated renal functions nor the renal target cells of renoprotection are completely understood, we performed systematic localization studies of NP receptors using in situ hybridization (RNAscope) in mouse kidneys. NPR-A mRNA is highly expressed in glomeruli (mainly podocytes), renal arterioles, endothelial cells of peritubular capillaries, and PDGFR-receptor β positive (PDGFR-β) interstitial cells. No NPR-A mRNA was detected by RNAscope in the tubular system. In contrast, NPR-B expression is highest in proximal tubules. NPR-C is located in glomeruli (mainly podocytes), in endothelial cells and PDGFR-β positive cells. To test for a possible regulation of NPRs in kidney diseases, their distribution was studied in adenine nephropathy. Signal intensity of NPR-A and NPR-B mRNA was reduced while their spatial distribution was unaltered compared with healthy kidneys. In contrast, NPR-C mRNA signal was markedly enhanced in cell clusters of myofibroblasts in fibrotic areas of adenine kidneys. In conclusion, the primary renal targets of ANP and BNP are glomerular, vascular, and interstitial cells but not the tubular compartment, while the CNP receptor NPR-B is highly expressed in proximal tubules. Further studies are needed to clarify the function and interplay of this specific receptor expression pattern.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena-Sofia Heinl
- Institute for Physiology, University Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.
| | | | - Claudia Lehrmann
- grid.7727.50000 0001 2190 5763Institute for Physiology, University Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Rosmarie Heydn
- grid.7727.50000 0001 2190 5763Institute for Physiology, University Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Katharina Krieger
- grid.7727.50000 0001 2190 5763Institute for Physiology, University Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Katharina Ortmaier
- grid.7727.50000 0001 2190 5763Institute for Physiology, University Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Philipp Tauber
- grid.7727.50000 0001 2190 5763Institute for Physiology, University Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Frank Schweda
- Institute for Physiology, University Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Weiner SM. [Nephrological management and drug dosing in patients with rheumatic diseases and renal insufficiency]. Z Rheumatol 2022; 81:811-28. [PMID: 36350405 DOI: 10.1007/s00393-022-01283-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In patients with inflammatory rheumatic diseases and renal insufficiency there are two challenges for physicians: to adapt the antirheumatic medication to the renal function and to carry out a nephroprotective treatment that prevents long-term deterioration of renal function and reduces the elevated cardiovascular risk. METHODS A literature search (in PubMed) was carried out and the current state of knowledge on nephroprotective treatment strategies and the treatment of rheumatic diseases in the presence of renal insufficiency was collated, evaluated and summarized. RESULTS Lifestyle interventions, especially the cessation of smoking and drug treatment strategies form the basis of nephroprotection including the control of diabetes mellitus with metformin, sodium glucose transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP1) analogues and control of hypertension with blockade of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), hyperlipidemia, hyperphosphatemia and metabolic acidosis. The SGLT2 inhibitors are also effective for nondiabetic nephropathy. The elevated cardiovascular risk is further reduced by effective control of inflammatory rheumatic activity. Numerous conventional disease modifying antirheumatic drugs, especially methotrexate and the Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors baricitinib and filgotinib, must mostly be adapted to the renal function. In contrast, biologics can be given in standard doses with the exception of anakinra. The increased cardiovascular risk currently limits the use of tofacitinib in patients with renal insufficiency. CONCLUSION The antirheumatic medication should be modified and a complex nephroprotective treatment concept is mandatory in the management of patients with rheumatic disease and renal insufficiency, that in the best-case scenario can be guaranteed by a close interdisciplinary cooperation of rheumatologists and nephrologists.
Collapse
|
15
|
Davoudi M, Jadidi Y, Moayedi K, Farrokhi V, Afrisham R. Ameliorative impacts of polymeric and metallic nanoparticles on cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity: a 2011-2022 review. J Nanobiotechnology 2022; 20:504. [PMID: 36457031 PMCID: PMC9714065 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-022-01718-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin (CDDP) is a well-known platinum-based drug used in the treatment of various malignancies. However, the widespread side effects that this drug leaves on normal tissues make its use limited. Since cisplatin is mainly eliminated from the kidneys, CDDP-induced nephrotoxicity is the most significant dose-limiting complication attributed to cisplatin, which often leads to dose withdrawal. Considering the high efficiency of cisplatin in chemotherapy, finding renoprotective drug delivery systems for this drug is a necessity. In this regard, we can take advantages of different nanoparticle-based approaches to deliver cisplatin into tumors either using passive targeting or using specific receptors. In an effort to find more effective cisplatin-based nano-drugs with less nephrotoxic effect, the current 2011-2022 review study was conducted to investigate some of the nanotechnology-based methods that have successfully been able to mitigate CDDP-induced nephrotoxicity. Accordingly, although cisplatin can cause renal failures through inducing mitochondria dysfunction, oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation and endoplasmic reticulum stress, some CDDP-based nano-carriers have been able to reverse a wide range of these advert effects. Based on the obtained results, it was found that the use of different metallic and polymeric nanoparticles can help renal cells to strengthen their antioxidant systems and stay alive through reducing CDDP-induced ROS generation, inhibiting apoptosis-related pathways and maintaining the integrity of the mitochondrial membrane. For example, nanocurcumin could inhibit oxidative stress and acting as a ROS scavenger. CONPs could reduce lipid peroxidation and pro-inflammatory cytokines. CDDP-loaded silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) could inhibit mitochondria-mediated apoptosis. In addition, tea polyphenol-functionalized SeNPs (Se@TE) NPs could mitigate the increased level of dephosphorylated AKT, phosphorylated p38 MAPK and phosphorylated c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) induced by cisplatin. Moreover, exosomes mitigated cisplatin-induced renal damage through inhibiting Bcl2 and increasing Bim, Bid, Bax, cleaved caspase-9, and cleaved caspase-3. Hence, nanoparticle-based techniques are promising drug delivery systems for cisplatin so that some of them, such as lipoplatins and nanocurcumins, have even reached phases 1-3 trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Davoudi
- grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yasaman Jadidi
- grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kiana Moayedi
- grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vida Farrokhi
- grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Department of Hematology, Faculty of Allied Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Afrisham
- grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Cuevas-Magaña MY, Vega-García CC, León-Contreras JC, Hernández-Pando R, Zazueta C, García-Niño WR. Ellagic acid ameliorates hexavalent chromium-induced renal toxicity by attenuating oxidative stress, suppressing TNF-α and protecting mitochondria. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2022; 454:116242. [PMID: 36108929 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2022.116242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Nephrotoxicity is an important adverse effect of oxidative stress induced by hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)]. The effect of ellagic acid, a dietary polyphenolic compound with potent antioxidant activity, was investigated in Cr(VI)-induced kidney injury. Six groups of male Wistar rats were treated intragastrically with vehicle or ellagic acid (15 and 30 mg/kg) for 10 days. On day 10, rats received saline or Cr(VI) (K2Cr2O7 15 mg/kg) subcutaneously. Cr(VI) significantly increased kidney weight, affected kidney function assessed by biomarkers in blood and urine (protein, creatinine and urea nitrogen), caused histological changes (tubular injury and glomerular capillary tuft damage), increased markers of oxidative stress and reduced the activity of antioxidant enzymes. In addition, Cr(VI) altered mitochondrial ultrastructure, impaired mitochondrial respiration, increased lipid peroxidation, and inhibited the function of mitochondrial enzymes. Pretreatment with ellagic acid (30 mg/kg) attenuated all the aforementioned alterations. Furthermore, we explored whether ellagic acid might regulate the tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α)/receptor-interacting protein kinase 3 (RIPK3) pathway, reducing Cr(VI)-induced tubular necrosis. Cr(VI) upregulated both TNF-α and RIPK3, but ellagic acid only decreased TNF-α levels, having no effect on RIPK3 content. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms through which Cr(VI) promotes necroptosis is crucial for future studies, in order to design strategies to mitigate kidney damage. In conclusion, ellagic acid attenuated Cr(VI)-induced renal alterations by preventing oxidative stress, supporting enzymatic activities, suppressing TNF-α, and preserving mitochondrial ultrastructure and function, most likely due to its antioxidant properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mayra Yael Cuevas-Magaña
- Department of Cardiovascular Biomedicine, National Institute of Cardiology "Ignacio Chávez", Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Claudia Cecilia Vega-García
- Department of Biology of Reproduction, National Institute of Medical Sciences and Nutrition "Salvador Zubirán", Mexico City 14000, Mexico
| | - Juan Carlos León-Contreras
- Experimental Pathology Section. National Institute of Medical Sciences and Nutrition "Salvador Zubirán", Mexico City 14000, Mexico
| | - Rogelio Hernández-Pando
- Experimental Pathology Section. National Institute of Medical Sciences and Nutrition "Salvador Zubirán", Mexico City 14000, Mexico
| | - Cecilia Zazueta
- Department of Cardiovascular Biomedicine, National Institute of Cardiology "Ignacio Chávez", Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Wylly Ramsés García-Niño
- Department of Cardiovascular Biomedicine, National Institute of Cardiology "Ignacio Chávez", Mexico City 14080, Mexico.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Scheen AJ, Delanaye P. Understanding the protective effects of SGLT2 inhibitors in type 2 diabetes patients with chronic kidney disease. Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab 2022; 17:35-46. [PMID: 34908510 DOI: 10.1080/17446651.2022.2014322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Sodium-glucose co-transporter type 2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) were developed as glucose-lowering agents for the management of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Unexpectedly, they showed a significant reduction in hospitalization for heart failure and hard renal outcomes in patients with and without T2D. Underlying mechanisms remain a matter of debate. AREAS COVERED We summarize the protective renal effects of SGLT2is in patients with cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease (CKD, especially with albuminuria) or heart failure; a description of the safety of SGLT2is, with a special focus on the risk/benefit balance in people with stage 3 CKD; a comprehensive discussion of mechanisms that could explain nephro-protection; a reappraisal of the positioning of SGLT2is in recent international guidelines. EXPERT OPINION Several mechanisms could contribute to improved renal prognosis with SGLT2is, among which a reduction in intraglomerular pressure by restoring the tubuloglomerular feedback, a diuretic effect that contributes to lower albuminuria and renal decongestion, especially if fluid overload is present, a reduction in renal oxygen consumption, an improvement of heart failure status with less cardiorenal syndrome and a lower risk of acute renal injury. All these effects may be mutually not exclusive, and their respective contribution may differ according to patient characteristics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- André J Scheen
- Division of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Disorders, Department of Medicine, CHU Liège, Liège, Belgium
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (CIRM), University of Liège (ULiege), Liège, Belgium
| | - Pierre Delanaye
- Department of Nephrology-Dialysis-Transplantation, University of Liège (ULiege), CHU Sart Tilman, Liège, Belgium
- Department of Nephrology-Dialysis-Apheresis, Hôpital Universitaire Carémeau, Nîmes, France
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Gautam G, Parveen B, Umar Khan M, Sharma I, Kumar Sharma A, Parveen R, Ahmad S. A systematic review on nephron protective AYUSH drugs as constituents of NEERI-KFT (A traditional Indian polyherbal formulation) for the management of chronic kidney disease. Saudi J Biol Sci 2021; 28:6441-6453. [PMID: 34764761 PMCID: PMC8568826 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a major health problem characterized by kidney dysfunction with progressive segmental glomerulosclerosis to end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Due to lack of scientific data and comprehensive reports, the current systematic review provides an inclusive understanding and prospective associated with phytopharmacology of NEERI-KFT in CKD. The data was collected from more than five databases such as Science Direct, Google Scholar, Elsevier, PubMed, Springer, ACS publication etc using keywords like CKD/Kidney disease, epidemiology/prevalence, modern therapies for CKD management, NEERI-KFT and its role in kidney disease. The study was performed based on scientific reports screened by experts according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. The pre-clinical and clinical findings suggested that NEERI-KFT has promising effects as nephroprotective and considered safe and well effective in primary care of kidney against disease. Phytopharmacological evaluation of NEERI-KFT suggest that it exhibit substantial potential against oxidative and inflammatory stress induced apoptosis by exerting antioxidants, nephroprotective and immunomodulatory effects. Hence, it can be enlighten that NEERI-KFT have potential herbs which exerts significant antioxidants, nephroprotective and immunomodulatory effects in the patients associated with renal dysfunction or CKD thus improving altered renal architecture and renal physiology. Clinically, it is concluded that NEERI-KFT works kidney malfunction and cease ESRD progression or even reduce the number of dialysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Gautam
- Bioactive Natural Product Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Bushra Parveen
- Bioactive Natural Product Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Mohammad Umar Khan
- Bioactive Natural Product Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Ikshit Sharma
- AIMIL Pharmaceuticals (India) Ltd, Saini Majra, Ropar Nalagarh Rd, Tehsil Nalagarh, Solan District, H.P 174101, India
| | - Anil Kumar Sharma
- AIMIL Pharmaceuticals (India) Ltd, Saini Majra, Ropar Nalagarh Rd, Tehsil Nalagarh, Solan District, H.P 174101, India
| | - Rabea Parveen
- Human Genetics Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Sayeed Ahmad
- Bioactive Natural Product Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Schmitt R. [Inhibition of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system]. Nephrologe 2021; 17:26-33. [PMID: 34457077 PMCID: PMC8382107 DOI: 10.1007/s11560-021-00525-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Chronic kidney diseases (CKD) are often progressive and usually associated with a relatively slow loss of function. This principally offers the opportunity for drug interventions over a prolonged period. The prerequisite is that clear therapeutic targets can be identified. One of the most important targets is the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), the activation of which is a key contributor to the progression and deterioration of renal function. This article reviews the pathomechanistic principles of RAAS-mediated renal damage and the pharmaceutical possibilities for inhibition of the RAAS. The evidence from clinical studies on nephroprotection is summarized and the international guideline recommendations are discussed. As a future perspective, the novel possibility of a combined add-on treatment with nonsteroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists is discussed based on the FIDELIO-DKD study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roland Schmitt
- Klinik für Nieren- und Hochdruckerkrankungen, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Deutschland
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Abstract
Since 2015, 10 randomized clinical trials assessed the cardiovascular safety of SGLT2 inhibitors, and then assessed the potential renal and cardiovascular benefits of these drugs (EMPAREG Outcome, CANVAS, DECLARE, DAPA-HF, CREDENCE, EMPEROR-reduced, VERTIS, DAPA-CKD, SCORED, SOLOIST-WHF) in over 88,000 patients. The results of EMPAREG Outcome showed major renal and cardiovascular protection but they were unexpected. The other trials regarding the effects of dapagliflozin, canagliflozin, empagliflozin and more recently sotagliflozin have confirmed most of these results and extended them to other populations. There is no scientific doubt that these drugs confer a marked renal protection in patients already treated with renin angiotensin system blockers (reduction of the risk of end-stage renal disease: -35 to 40%) et reduce the risk of hospitalization for heart failure (-30 to 35%), especially in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. The benefit/risk profile is highly favorable but minor (genital candidosis, urinary tract infections, euglycemic acido-ketosis) and serious (Fournier gangrene) side effects must not be forgotten. Renal protection is twice the effect of renin angiotensin system blockers, and is maintained in patients already treated with them, in patients with GFR 25mL/min/1.73m2 and over, regardless of whether they have type 2 diabetes mellitus or not (of note, patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus, polycystic kidney disease, lupus and vasculitis were excluded in these studies). Reduction of the incidence of heart failure is similar to that observed with sacubitril/valsartan, and is maintained in patients already treated with sacubitril/valsartan. SGLT2 inhibitors have now defined a new standard of care, and it will be necessary to explore the proper use of the new mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist finerenone that demonstrated significant renal and cardiovascular protection in mostly SGLT2 inhibitors-untreated diabetic patients with chronic kidney disease (or even some GLP-1 agonists). A new era for our patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Michel Halimi
- Service de néphrologie-HTA, dialyses et transplantation rénale, hôpital Bretonneau, CHU de Tours, 2, boulevard Tonnellé, 37044 Tours cedex, France.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Affiliation(s)
- Markus Pirklbauer
- Department of Internal Medicine IV-Nephrology and Hypertension, Medical University Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Zhang Y, Böckhaus J, Wang F, Wang S, Rubel D, Gross O, Ding J. Genotype-phenotype correlations and nephroprotective effects of RAAS inhibition in patients with autosomal recessive Alport syndrome. Pediatr Nephrol 2021; 36:2719-30. [PMID: 33772369 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-021-05040-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autosomal recessive Alport syndrome (ARAS) is caused by pathogenic variants in both alleles of either COL4A3 or COL4A4 genes. Reports on ARAS are rare due to small patient numbers and there are no reports on renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) inhibition therapy in ARAS. METHODS Retrospective study in 101 patients with ARAS from Chinese Registry Database of Hereditary Kidney Diseases and European Alport Registry. Genotype-phenotype correlations and nephroprotective effects of RAAS inhibition in ARAS were evaluated. RESULTS Median age was 15 years (range 1.5-46 years). Twelve patients progressed to stage 5 chronic kidney disease (CKD5) at median age 20.5 years. Patients without missense variants had both higher prevalence and earlier onset age of hearing loss, nephrotic-range proteinuria, more rapid decline of eGFR, and earlier onset age of CKD5 compared to patients with 1 or 2 missense variants. Most patients (79/101, 78%) currently are treated with RAAS inhibitors; median age at therapy initiation was 10 years and mean duration 6.5 ± 6.0 years. Median age at CKD5 for untreated patients was 24 years. RAAS inhibition therapy delayed CKD5 onset in those with impaired kidney function (T-III) to median age 35 years, but is undefined in treated patients with proteinuria (T-II) due to low number of events. No treated patients with microalbuminuria (T-I) progressed to CKD5. ARAS patients with 1 or 2 missense variants showed better response to treatment than patients with non-missense-variants. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides the first evidence for early use of RAAS inhibition therapy in patients with ARAS. Furthermore, genotype in ARAS correlates with response to therapy in favor of missense variants.
Collapse
|
23
|
Sekiou O, Boumendjel M, Taibi F, Tichati L, Boumendjel A, Messarah M. Nephroprotective effect of Artemisia herba alba aqueous extract in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. J Tradit Complement Med 2021; 11:53-61. [PMID: 33511062 PMCID: PMC7817709 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2020.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Revised: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM In the present study, we investigate the phytochemical composition and the nephroprotective effects as well as the antioxidant properties of Artemisia herba alba aqueous extract in alloxan-induced experimental diabetes in rats. EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE Wistar rats were divided into four groups of seven rats each: Group I: Normal control (NC) received saline solution at 9‰ given by intraperitoneal way; Group II: Diabetic control (DC) received alloxan (150 mg/kg b.w) intraperitoneally; Group III: Normal control (NC + AHA) received saline solution at 9‰ and treated orally by AHA aqueous extract (400 mg/kg/b.w); Group IV: Diabetic control (DC + AHA) received alloxan solution (150 mg/kg b.w) intraperitoneally and treated by aqueous extract of AHA (400 mg/kg/b.w/day) orally after one week of alloxan administration. After 30 days, blood and tissue samples were collected for biochemical and histopathological analysis, respectively. Glomerular damage markers, including creatinine, serum urea, urine creatinine and urine urea levels were estimated. Creatinine clearance was also assessed. Oxidative stress parameters were assessed in the kidney homogenate. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION Alloxan-exposure resulted in significant increase in blood glucose and serum level of glomerular damage markers. The antioxidant enzyme activities were significantly downregulated associated with an increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) level over the baseline values. Artemisia herba alba aqueous extract supplementation significantly improved the studied parameters. In concluding, the results obtained suggests that Artemisia herbs-alba aqueous extract supplementation reduces alloxan-induced free radical generation, potentiates the antioxidant defense system and alleviates renal sensitivity to oxidative stress.
Collapse
Key Words
- AHA, Artemisia herba-alba
- AlCl3, Aluminum trichloride
- Artemisia herba alba
- CAT, catalase
- DC, Diabetic control
- DPPH, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl
- DTNB, 5,5-dithiobis (2-nitrobenzoic acid)
- Diabetes
- Free radicals
- GPx, glutathione peroxidase
- GSH, reduced glutathione
- GST, glutathione-S-transferase
- H2O2, hydrogen peroxide
- MDA, malondialdehyde
- NBT, Nitro-blue tetrazolium
- Nephroprotection
- Oxidative stress
- RFC, Folin-Ciocalteu
- ROS, reactive oxygen species
- SOD, superoxide dismutase
- STZ, streptozotocin
- TBA, thiobarbituric acid
- TCA, trichloroacetic acid
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Omar Sekiou
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Environmental Toxicology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Badji Mokhtar, BP 12 Sidi Amar, Annaba, Algeria
| | - Mahieddine Boumendjel
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Environmental Toxicology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Badji Mokhtar, BP 12 Sidi Amar, Annaba, Algeria
| | - Faiza Taibi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Environmental Toxicology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Badji Mokhtar, BP 12 Sidi Amar, Annaba, Algeria
| | - Lazhari Tichati
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Environmental Toxicology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Badji Mokhtar, BP 12 Sidi Amar, Annaba, Algeria
| | - Amel Boumendjel
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Environmental Toxicology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Badji Mokhtar, BP 12 Sidi Amar, Annaba, Algeria
| | - Mahfoud Messarah
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Environmental Toxicology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Badji Mokhtar, BP 12 Sidi Amar, Annaba, Algeria
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Amuthan A, Devi V, Shreedhara CS, Rao V, Jasphin S, Kumar N. Vernonia cinerea regenerates tubular epithelial cells in cisplatin induced nephrotoxicity in cancer bearing mice without affecting antitumor activity. J Tradit Complement Med 2020; 11:279-286. [PMID: 34012874 PMCID: PMC8116717 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2020.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Traditional Siddha Medicine advises using metal-based formulations to treat cancers. In the case of any toxicities during the therapy, Siddha physicians use Vernonia cinerea (VC) whole plant kashayam (crude aqueous extract-CAE) to reverse the toxic effects. Aim To evaluate the nephroprotective activity of CAE and its fractions in cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity and to assess whether they compromise the anticancer efficacy of cisplatin. Materials and methods Cisplatin-induced renal damage was induced in Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma (EAC) bearing mice during mild phase of tumor growth. CAE and its butanol (BF) and aqueous (AF) fractions were administered orally from the 5th day for five days. Nephroprotective potential (serum urea, creatinine, renal histology) and effect of VC on cisplatin anticancer efficacy (tumor volume, viable tumor cells, percentage increase in life span (% ILS)) were calculated. Result CAE and its fractions significantly reversed the cisplatin-induced renal damage. CAE and BF treated animals showed regeneration of 50%–75% of proximal tubular cells. Compared to EAC control mice, the % ILS of the cisplatin-treated group was 244% and it was further extended to 379% after CAE administration. The % ILS in the CAE treated group was 1.6 times higher than the cisplatin alone treated group. GC-MS study showed the presence of astaxanthin and betulin. Conclusion CAE of VC reverses cisplatin-induced kidney damage as well as regenerates proximal tubular epithelial cells, without compromising the anticancer effect of cisplatin. When CAE was further fractionated, the nephroprotective activity was retained, but the beneficial anticancer effect of cisplatin was compromised. Vernonia cinerea (VC) significantly reverses cisplatin-induced kidney damage. VC regenerates the damaged proximal tubular epithelial cells. VC did not compromise the anticancer beneficial effect of cisplatin. Fractionation of VC lead to compromising of cisplatin anticancer effect. Astaxanthin and betulin present in VC could be resposible for its nephroprotective effect.
Collapse
Key Words
- % ILS, percentage increase in life span
- AF, aqueous fraction
- Astaxanthin
- Ayurveda
- BF, n-butanol fraction
- Betulin
- CAE, Crude aqueous extract
- Cisplatin
- EAC, Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma
- GC-MS, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy
- MST, Mean Survival Time
- Nephroprotection
- Nephrotoxicity
- Siddha
- US FDA, Food and Drug Administration of the United States
- VC, Vernonia cinerea
- Vernonia cinerea
- WBC, White blood cells
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arul Amuthan
- Department of Pharmacology, Melaka Manipal Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka State, 576104, India
- Division of Siddha, Center for Integrative Medicine and Research, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka State, 576104, India
| | - Vasudha Devi
- Department of Pharmacology, Melaka Manipal Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka State, 576104, India
- Coordinator, Center for Cardiovascular Pharmaology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka State, 576104, India
- Corresponding author.,
| | - Chandrashekara Shastry Shreedhara
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka State, 576104, India
| | - Venkata Rao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka State, 576104, India
| | - Shiny Jasphin
- Melaka Manipal Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka State, 576104, India
| | - Nitesh Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka State, 576104, India
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Bjørklund G, Oliinyk P, Lysiuk R, Rahaman MS, Antonyak H, Lozynska I, Lenchyk L, Peana M. Arsenic intoxication: general aspects and chelating agents. Arch Toxicol 2020; 94:1879-97. [PMID: 32388818 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-020-02739-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) is widely used in the modern industry, especially in the production of pesticides, herbicides, wood preservatives, and semiconductors. The sources of As such as contaminated water, air, soil, but also food, can cause serious human diseases. The complex mechanism of As toxicity in the human body is associated with the generation of free radicals and the induction of oxidative damage in the cell. One effective strategy in reducing the toxic effects of As is the usage of chelating agents, which provide the formation of inert chelator–metal complexes with their further excretion from the body. This review discusses different aspects of the use of metal chelators, alone or in combination, in the treatment of As poisoning. Consideration is given to the therapeutic effect of thiol chelators such as meso-2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid, sodium 2,3-dimercapto-1-propanesulfonate, 2,3-dimercaptopropanol, penicillamine, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, and other recent agents against As toxicity. The review also considers the possible role of flavonoids, trace elements, and herbal drugs as promising natural chelating and detoxifying agents.
Collapse
|
26
|
Anna R, Rolf R, Mark C. Update of the organoprotective properties of xenon and argon: from bench to beside. Intensive Care Med Exp 2020; 8:11. [PMID: 32096000 PMCID: PMC7040108 DOI: 10.1186/s40635-020-0294-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The growth of the elderly population has led to an increase in patients with myocardial infarction and stroke (Wajngarten and Silva, Eur Cardiol 14: 111–115, 2019). Patients receiving treatment for ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) highly profit from early reperfusion therapy under 3 h from the onset of symptoms. However, mortality from STEMI remains high due to the increase in age and comorbidities (Menees et al., N Engl J Med 369: 901–909, 2013). These factors also account for patients with acute ischaemic stroke. Reperfusion therapy has been established as the gold standard within the first 4 to 5 h after onset of symptoms (Powers et al., Stroke 49: e46-e110, 2018). Nonetheless, not all patients are eligible for reperfusion therapy. The same is true for traumatic brain injury patients. Due to the complexity of acute myocardial and central nervous injury (CNS), finding organ protective substances to improve the function of remote myocardium and the ischaemic penumbra of the brain is urgent. This narrative review focuses on the noble gases argon and xenon and their possible cardiac, renal and neuroprotectant properties in the elderly high-risk (surgical) population. The article will provide an overview of the latest experimental and clinical studies. It is beyond the scope of this review to give a detailed summary of the mechanistic understanding of organ protection by xenon and argon.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roehl Anna
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelstrasse 30, 52072, Aachen, Germany.
| | - Rossaint Rolf
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelstrasse 30, 52072, Aachen, Germany
| | - Coburn Mark
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelstrasse 30, 52072, Aachen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Raza Z, Naureen Z. Melatonin ameliorates the drug induced nephrotoxicity: Molecular insights. Nefrologia 2019; 40:12-25. [PMID: 31735377 DOI: 10.1016/j.nefro.2019.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2018] [Revised: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Drug-induced nephrotoxicity is a frequent adverse event that can lead to acute or chronic kidney disease and increase the healthcare expenditure. It has high morbidity and mortality incidence in 40-70% of renal injuries and accounts for 66% cases of renal failure in elderly population. OBJECTIVE Amelioration of drug-induced nephrotoxicity has been long soughed to improve the effectiveness of therapeutic drugs. This study was conducted to review the melatonin potential to prevent the pathogenesis of nephrotoxicity induced by important nephrotoxic drugs. METHODS We analyzed the relevant studies indexed in Pubmed, Medline, Scielo and Web of science to explain the molecular improvements following melatonin co-administration with special attention to oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis as key players of drug-induced nephrotoxicity. RESULTS A robust consensus among researchers of these studies suggested that melatonin efficiently eradicate the chain reaction of free radical production and induced the endogenous antioxidant enzymes which attenuate the lipid peroxidation of cellular membranes and subcellular oxidative stress in drug-induced nephrotoxicity. This agreement was further supported by the melatonin role in disintegration of inflammatory process through inhibition of principle pro-inflammatory or apoptotic cytokines such as TNF-α and NF-κB. These studies highlighted that alleviation of drug-induced renal toxicity is a function of melatonin potential to down regulate the cellular inflammatory and oxidative injury process and to stimulate the cellular repair or defensive mechanisms. CONCLUSION The comprehensive nephroprotection and safer profile suggests the melatonin to be a useful adjunct to improve the safety of nephrotoxic drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zohaib Raza
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
| | - Zainab Naureen
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Santos VF, Araújo ACJ, Silva ALF, Almeida DV, Freitas PR, Santos ALE, Rocha BAM, Garcia W, Leme AM, Bondan E, Borges FT, Cutrim BS, Silva LCN, Coutinho HDM, Teixeira CS. Dioclea violacea lectin modulates the gentamicin activity against multi-resistant strains and induces nefroprotection during antibiotic exposure. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 146:841-852. [PMID: 31726163 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.09.207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Gentamicin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic used to treat infections of various origins. In the last few decades, the constant use of gentamicin has resulted in increased bacterial resistance and nephrotoxicity in some cases. In this study, we examined the ability of Dioclea violacea lectin (DVL) in modulate the antimicrobial activity of gentamicin and reduce the nephrotoxicity induced by this drug. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) obtained for DVL against all strains studied was not clinically relevant (MIC ≥ 1024 μg/mL). However, when DVL was combined with gentamicin, a significant increase in antibiotic action was observed against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. DVL also reduced antibiotic tolerance in S. aureus during 10 days of continuous treatment. In addition, DVL presented a nephroprotective effect, reducing sodium excretion, N-Gal expression and urinary protein, that are important markers of glomerular and tubular injuries. Taken together, studies of inhibition of hemagglutinating activity, fluorescence spectroscopy and molecular docking revealed that gentamicin can interact with DVL via the carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD), suggesting that the results obtained in this study may be directly related to the interaction of DVL-gentamicin and with the ability of the lectin to interact with glycans present in the cells of the peritoneum.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valdenice F Santos
- Agrarian and Environmental Sciences Center, Federal University of Maranhão, Chapadinha, Maranhão, Brazil
| | - Ana C J Araújo
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Regional University of Cariri, Crato, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Ana L F Silva
- Agrarian and Environmental Sciences Center, Federal University of Maranhão, Chapadinha, Maranhão, Brazil
| | - Dnane V Almeida
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC (UFABC), Santo André, SP, Brazil
| | - Priscilla R Freitas
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Regional University of Cariri, Crato, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Ana L E Santos
- Agrarian and Environmental Sciences Center, Federal University of Maranhão, Chapadinha, Maranhão, Brazil
| | - Bruno A M Rocha
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Wanius Garcia
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC (UFABC), Santo André, SP, Brazil
| | - Ala M Leme
- Nephrology Division, Department of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Bondan
- Interdisciplinary Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Cruzeiro do Sul University, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Fernanda T Borges
- Nephrology Division, Department of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Graduate Program in Environmental and Experimental Pathology, Paulista University, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Brenda S Cutrim
- Postgraduate Program in Microbial Biology, CEUMA University, São Luis, Maranhão, Brazil
| | - Luis C N Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Microbial Biology, CEUMA University, São Luis, Maranhão, Brazil
| | - Henrique D M Coutinho
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Regional University of Cariri, Crato, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Claudener S Teixeira
- Agrarian and Environmental Sciences Center, Federal University of Maranhão, Chapadinha, Maranhão, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Casanova AG, Hernández-Sánchez MT, López-Hernández FJ, Martínez-Salgado C, Prieto M, Vicente-Vicente L, Morales AI. Systematic review and meta-analysis of the efficacy of clinically tested protectants of cisplatin nephrotoxicity. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2019; 76:23-33. [PMID: 31677116 DOI: 10.1007/s00228-019-02771-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cisplatin is a potent antineoplastic drug that has been widely used to treat a number of solid tumors. However, a high incidence of renal damage observed in patients has led researchers to search for alternate strategies that prevent or at least reduce the cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity. The objective of the present study was to conduct a systematic review and a subsequent meta-analysis to evaluate and identify compounds with effective antitumor activity and lesser side effects that could provide protection against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity. METHODS The study included all placebo-controlled trials published up to December 2017 that met the inclusion criteria. A total of 22 articles were finally included to extract the following information: number of patients, doses of cisplatin and protectant, qualitative (acute kidney injury incidence) and quantitative (plasma creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, and creatinine clearance) indicators of renal function. The odds ratio or the mean difference (95% confidence interval) of each parameter was calculated for each study and group of studies. RESULTS The results of this meta-analysis show that there is great variability in the nephroprotective capacity of a variety of products evaluated. Of all the compounds tested, only magnesium sulfate and cystone were found to exert protective effects. However, more studies need to be conducted to confirm these results. CONCLUSIONS The administration of 1 g of Mg i.v. seems to be the best strategy for the prevention of cisplatin nephrotoxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo G Casanova
- Unidad de Toxicología, Departamento de Fisiología y Farmacología, University of Salamanca, Laboratorio 223-226, Campus Miguel de Unamuno, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL)-Instituto de Estudios de Ciencias de la Salud de Castilla y León (IESCYL), Salamanca, Spain
- Group of Translational Research on Renal and Cardiovascular Diseases (TRECARD), Salamanca, Spain
- Grupo de Investigación Biomédica en Cuidados Críticos (BioCritic), Valladolid, Spain
| | - María Teresa Hernández-Sánchez
- Unidad de Toxicología, Departamento de Fisiología y Farmacología, University of Salamanca, Laboratorio 223-226, Campus Miguel de Unamuno, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL)-Instituto de Estudios de Ciencias de la Salud de Castilla y León (IESCYL), Salamanca, Spain
- Group of Translational Research on Renal and Cardiovascular Diseases (TRECARD), Salamanca, Spain
- Grupo de Investigación Biomédica en Cuidados Críticos (BioCritic), Valladolid, Spain
| | - Francisco J López-Hernández
- Unidad de Toxicología, Departamento de Fisiología y Farmacología, University of Salamanca, Laboratorio 223-226, Campus Miguel de Unamuno, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL)-Instituto de Estudios de Ciencias de la Salud de Castilla y León (IESCYL), Salamanca, Spain
- Group of Translational Research on Renal and Cardiovascular Diseases (TRECARD), Salamanca, Spain
- Grupo de Investigación Biomédica en Cuidados Críticos (BioCritic), Valladolid, Spain
| | - Carlos Martínez-Salgado
- Unidad de Toxicología, Departamento de Fisiología y Farmacología, University of Salamanca, Laboratorio 223-226, Campus Miguel de Unamuno, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL)-Instituto de Estudios de Ciencias de la Salud de Castilla y León (IESCYL), Salamanca, Spain
- Group of Translational Research on Renal and Cardiovascular Diseases (TRECARD), Salamanca, Spain
- Grupo de Investigación Biomédica en Cuidados Críticos (BioCritic), Valladolid, Spain
| | - Marta Prieto
- Unidad de Toxicología, Departamento de Fisiología y Farmacología, University of Salamanca, Laboratorio 223-226, Campus Miguel de Unamuno, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL)-Instituto de Estudios de Ciencias de la Salud de Castilla y León (IESCYL), Salamanca, Spain
- Group of Translational Research on Renal and Cardiovascular Diseases (TRECARD), Salamanca, Spain
- Grupo de Investigación Biomédica en Cuidados Críticos (BioCritic), Valladolid, Spain
| | - Laura Vicente-Vicente
- Unidad de Toxicología, Departamento de Fisiología y Farmacología, University of Salamanca, Laboratorio 223-226, Campus Miguel de Unamuno, 37007, Salamanca, Spain.
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL)-Instituto de Estudios de Ciencias de la Salud de Castilla y León (IESCYL), Salamanca, Spain.
- Group of Translational Research on Renal and Cardiovascular Diseases (TRECARD), Salamanca, Spain.
- Grupo de Investigación Biomédica en Cuidados Críticos (BioCritic), Valladolid, Spain.
| | - Ana Isabel Morales
- Unidad de Toxicología, Departamento de Fisiología y Farmacología, University of Salamanca, Laboratorio 223-226, Campus Miguel de Unamuno, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL)-Instituto de Estudios de Ciencias de la Salud de Castilla y León (IESCYL), Salamanca, Spain
- Group of Translational Research on Renal and Cardiovascular Diseases (TRECARD), Salamanca, Spain
- Grupo de Investigación Biomédica en Cuidados Críticos (BioCritic), Valladolid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Schäfer P, Fahlenkamp A, Rossaint R, Coburn M, Kowark A. Better haemodynamic stability under xenon anaesthesia than under isoflurane anaesthesia during partial nephrectomy - a secondary analysis of a randomised controlled trial. BMC Anesthesiol 2019; 19:125. [PMID: 31288740 PMCID: PMC6617591 DOI: 10.1186/s12871-019-0799-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Renal dysfunction following intraoperative arterial hypotension is mainly caused by an insufficient renal blood flow. It is associated with higher mortality and morbidity rates. We hypothesised that the intraoperative haemodynamics are more stable during xenon anaesthesia than during isoflurane anaesthesia in patients undergoing partial nephrectomy. Methods We performed a secondary analysis of the haemodynamic variables collected during the randomised, single-blinded, single-centre PaNeX study, which analysed the postoperative renal function in 46 patients who underwent partial nephrectomy. The patients received either xenon or isoflurane anaesthesia with 1:1 allocation ratio. We analysed the duration of the intraoperative systolic blood pressure decrease by > 40% from baseline values and the cumulative duration of a mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) of < 65 mmHg as primary outcomes. The secondary outcomes were related to other blood pressure thresholds, the amount of administered norepinephrine, and the analysis of confounding factors on the haemodynamic stability. Results The periods of an MAP of < 65 mmHg were significantly shorter in the xenon group than in the isoflurane group. The medians [interquartile range] were 0 [0–10.0] and 25.0 [10.0–47.5] minutes, for the xenon and isoflurane group, respectively (P = 0.002). However, the cumulative duration of a systolic blood pressure decrease by > 40% did not significantly differ between the groups (P = 0.51). The periods with a systolic blood pressure decrease by 20% from baseline, MAP decrease to values < 60 mmHg, and the need for norepinephrine, as well as the cumulative dose of norepinephrine were significantly shorter and lower, respectively, in the xenon group. The confounding factors, such as demographic data, surgical technique, or anaesthesia data, were similar in the two groups. Conclusion The patients undergoing xenon anaesthesia showed a better haemodynamic stability, which might be attributed to the xenon properties. The indirect effect of xenon anaesthesia might be of importance for the preservation of renal function during renal surgery and needs further elaboration. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01839084. Registered 24 April 2013. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12871-019-0799-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Schäfer
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Medical Faculty RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Astrid Fahlenkamp
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Rolf Rossaint
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Medical Faculty RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Mark Coburn
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Medical Faculty RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Ana Kowark
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Medical Faculty RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Ferrer Puchol MD, Montesinos García P, Forment Navarro M, Sanz Rodrigo E, Blanco Pérez E, Taberner López E. The administration of contrast media: is there a risk of acute kidney injury? Radiologia (Engl Ed) 2019; 61:306-314. [PMID: 30910216 DOI: 10.1016/j.rx.2019.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Revised: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether the intravenous administration of iodinated contrast material for computed tomography (CT) is associated with an increase in creatinine levels and acute kidney injury. MATERIAL AND METHODS This retrospective cohort study included all patients who presented at the emergency department between 2010 and 2015 with baseline creatinine measurement (C1) and follow-up creatinine measurement (C2) between 24 and 72hours later. The clinical research ethics committee approved the study. The exclusion criteria were age <18 years, creatinine ≤ 0.4mg/dl or ≥4.0mg/dl, and the administration of contrast media within the previous 6 months. The mean number of patients presenting at the emergency department was 105,435.6 per year. Patients who met the inclusion criteria were classified into three groups: those who underwent contrast-enhanced CT (n=6,642), those who underwent noncontrast CT (n=6,193), and those who did not undergo CT (n=33,802). We used the Acute Kidney Injury Network's (AKIN) and the Contrast-induced Nephropathy Consensus Working Panel's (CIN) criteria. Statistical analyses included bivariate statistics and logistic regression. Stata 15 was used for all statistical analyses. RESULTS We analyzed 52,411 patients; after data cleansing: 46,637; mean age: 67.95 years; C1: mean 1.16mg/dl (SD: 0.61); C2: 1.14mg/dl (SD: 0.66). With AKIN and CIN criteria: contrast-enhanced CT was not associated with a greater probability of developing nephropathy (odds ratio [OR: 0.90; 95% CI: 0.83-0.99] and [OR 0.89, 95% CI: 0.81-0.98], respectively). The propensity score matching study using both sets of criteria (AKIN+CIN) yielded OR 0.80 [95% CI: 0.77-0.84]. Glomerular filtration rates less than 30ml/min were not associated with increased kidney damage [OR: 0.66, 95% CI: 0.47-0.91]. CONCLUSION The administration of intravenous contrast material in the patients studied is not associated with increased acute kidney injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M D Ferrer Puchol
- Servicio de Radiología, Hospital Universitario de la Ribera, Alzira, Valencia, España.
| | - P Montesinos García
- Servicio de Radiología, Hospital Universitario de la Ribera, Alzira, Valencia, España
| | - M Forment Navarro
- Servicio de Radiología, Hospital Universitario de la Ribera, Alzira, Valencia, España
| | - E Sanz Rodrigo
- Analista de Sistema, Hospital Universitario de la Ribera, Alzira, Valencia, España
| | - E Blanco Pérez
- Servicio de Radiología, Hospital Universitario de la Ribera, Alzira, Valencia, España
| | - E Taberner López
- Servicio de Radiología, Hospital Universitario de la Ribera, Alzira, Valencia, España
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Abstract
AIMS Numerous clinical trials have shown that sodium glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors exert a favorable effect on the indices of renal function (albuminuria, glomerular filtration rate decline over time) and the incidence of hard renal endpoints such as renal death or time to initiation of renal replacement therapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this review, we describe in detail the evidence regarding the nephroprotective mechanisms of SGLT2 inhibitors and describe the risk factors that may predispose to the development of acute kidney injury in patients receiving these drugs. RESULTS Although the impact of these drugs on renal hemodynamics seems to represent the most important renoprotective mechanism of action, many other effects of these compounds, including beneficial effects on metabolism and blood pressure, have been proposed to contribute to the observed clinical benefit. CONCLUSIONS SGLT2 inhibitors clearly act beneficially in terms of kidney function with many proposed mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V Tsimihodimos
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - T D Filippatos
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Crete, Greece.
| | - M S Elisaf
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Zakrocka I, Targowska-Duda KM, Wnorowski A, Kocki T, Jóźwiak K, Turski WA. Angiotensin II type 1 receptor blockers decrease kynurenic acid production in rat kidney in vitro. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2018; 392:209-217. [PMID: 30370429 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-018-1572-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Glutamate (GLU) mainly through N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors plays pivotal role in kidney function regulation. Kynurenic acid (KYNA), a GLU receptors antagonist, is synthesized from kynurenine by kynurenine aminotransferases (KATs). Previously, it was shown that angiotensin II type 1 receptor blockers (ARBs) decrease KYNA production in rat brain in vitro. The aim of this study was to examine the influence of six ARBs: candesartan, irbesartan, losartan, olmesartan, telmisartan, and valsartan on KYNA production on rat kidney in vitro. The effect of ARBs was determined in kidney homogenates and on isolated KAT II enzyme. Among tested ARBs, irbesartan was the most effective KYNA synthesis inhibitor with IC50 of 14.4 μM. Similar effects were observed after losartan (IC50 45.9 μM) and olmesartan administration (IC50 108.1 μM), whereas candesartan (IC50 475.3 μM), valsartan (IC50 513.9 μM), and telmisartan (IC50 669.5 μM) displayed lower activity in KYNA synthesis inhibition in rat kidney homogenates in vitro. On the other hand, valsartan (IC50 27.5 μM) was identified to be the strongest KAT II inhibitor in rat kidney in vitro. Candesartan, losartan, and telmisartan suppressed KAT II activity with IC50 equal to 83.2, 83.3, and 108.3 μM, respectively. Olmesartan and irbesartan were the weakest KAT II inhibitors with IC50 values of 237.4 and 809.9 μM, respectively. Moreover, molecular docking suggested that studied ARBs directly bind to an active site of KAT II. In conclusion, our results indicate that ARBs decrease KYNA synthesis in rat kidney through enzymatic inhibition of KAT II, which may have impact on kidney function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Zakrocka
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8b, 20-090 Lublin, Poland.
- Department of Nephrology, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8, 20-090, Lublin, Poland.
| | | | - Artur Wnorowski
- Department of Biopharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4a, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Tomasz Kocki
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8b, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Jóźwiak
- Department of Biopharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4a, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Waldemar A Turski
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8b, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Ali BH, Al Za'abi M, Adham SA, Al Suleimani Y, Karaca T, Manoj P, Al Kalbani J, Yasin J, Nemmar A. The effect of sildenafil on rats with adenine-Induced chronic kidney disease. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 108:391-402. [PMID: 30236848 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.09.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Revised: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The erectile dysfunction drug sildenafil has cardiopulmonary protective actions, and a nephroprotective action in cisplatin and ischemia-reperfusion-induced acute kidney injury. Here, we assessed its possible ameliorative action in a model of chronic kidney disease (CKD) using adenine feeding. Eight groups of rats were treated with saline (controls), adenine (0.25% w/w in feed daily for 5 weeks), and oral sildenafil (0.1, 0.5 or 2.5 mg/kg), either alone, or concomitantly with adenine. Urine was collected 24 h after the end of the treatments from all rats and blood pressure measured, followed by collection of blood and kidneys for the measurement of several functional, biochemical and histopathological parameters. Adenine treatment reduced body weight, creatinine renal clearance, and increased water intake and urine output, as well as the plasma concentrations of urea and creatinine, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, and N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase activity, and albumin in urine. Adenine also increased the concentrations of the uremic toxins indoxyl sulfate, uric acid and phosphate, and a number of proteins and inflammatory cytokines, and decreased that of several anti - oxidant indices. Renal histopathological markers of damage (inflammation and fibrosis) were significantly increased by adenine. Sildenafil, given simultaneously with adenine, induced a dose - dependent improvements in most of the above parameters, suggesting its possible use as adjunct treatment for CKD in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Badreldin H Ali
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | - Mohammed Al Za'abi
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman.
| | - Sirin A Adham
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | - Yousuf Al Suleimani
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | - Turan Karaca
- Department of Histology-Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Trakya, Balkan Campus, 22030, Edirne, Turkey
| | - Priyadarsini Manoj
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | - Jamila Al Kalbani
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | - Javid Yasin
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, PO Box 17666, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Abderrahim Nemmar
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, PO Box 17666, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Casanova AG, Vicente-Vicente L, Hernández-Sánchez MT, Pescador M, Prieto M, Martínez-Salgado C, Morales AI, López-Hernández FJ. Key role of oxidative stress in animal models of aminoglycoside nephrotoxicity revealed by a systematic analysis of the antioxidant-to-nephroprotective correlation. Toxicology 2017; 385:10-17. [PMID: 28472626 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2017.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2017] [Revised: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 04/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The clinical utility of aminoglycoside antibiotics is partly limited by their nephrotoxicity. Co-administration of a variety of candidate nephroprotectants has been tested at the preclinical level. According to a recent meta-analytic study, antioxidants are the only family of compounds with enough preclinical documentation to draw solid conclusions on their class nephroprotective capacity in animal models. In this study a systematic analysis of the relation between the level of antioxidation and the level of nephroprotection was performed. A regression model is presented which crosses the y-axis (i.e. the axis representing the level of nephroprotection) very nearly the zero value, meaning that maximal prevention of the oxidative stress induced by aminoglycosides results in almost maximal nephroprotection. This indicates that oxidative stress plays a central role in the hierarchy of pathophysiological mechanisms underlying aminoglycoside nephrotoxicity. In addition, this model may potentially serve: i) as a standard to evaluate the role of the antioxidant effect of candidate nephroprotectants; ii) to reveal additional, antioxidant-independent effects among those compounds providing more nephroprotection than that expected from its antioxidant activity; and thus iii) to discriminate and focus most effective nephroprotectants on clinical usage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo G Casanova
- Unidad de Toxicología, Departamento de Fisiología y Farmacología, University of Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain; Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL-IESCYL), Salamanca, Spain; Group of Translational Research on Renal and Cardiovascular Diseases (TRECARD), Salamanca, Spain; Grupo de Investigación Biomédica en Cuidados Críticos (BioCritic), Valladolid, Spain
| | - Laura Vicente-Vicente
- Unidad de Toxicología, Departamento de Fisiología y Farmacología, University of Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain; Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL-IESCYL), Salamanca, Spain; Group of Translational Research on Renal and Cardiovascular Diseases (TRECARD), Salamanca, Spain; Grupo de Investigación Biomédica en Cuidados Críticos (BioCritic), Valladolid, Spain
| | - María Teresa Hernández-Sánchez
- Unidad de Toxicología, Departamento de Fisiología y Farmacología, University of Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain; Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL-IESCYL), Salamanca, Spain; Group of Translational Research on Renal and Cardiovascular Diseases (TRECARD), Salamanca, Spain; Grupo de Investigación Biomédica en Cuidados Críticos (BioCritic), Valladolid, Spain
| | - Moisés Pescador
- Unidad de Toxicología, Departamento de Fisiología y Farmacología, University of Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain; Group of Translational Research on Renal and Cardiovascular Diseases (TRECARD), Salamanca, Spain; Grupo de Investigación Biomédica en Cuidados Críticos (BioCritic), Valladolid, Spain
| | - Marta Prieto
- Unidad de Toxicología, Departamento de Fisiología y Farmacología, University of Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain; Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL-IESCYL), Salamanca, Spain; Group of Translational Research on Renal and Cardiovascular Diseases (TRECARD), Salamanca, Spain; Grupo de Investigación Biomédica en Cuidados Críticos (BioCritic), Valladolid, Spain
| | - Carlos Martínez-Salgado
- Unidad de Toxicología, Departamento de Fisiología y Farmacología, University of Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain; Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL-IESCYL), Salamanca, Spain; Group of Translational Research on Renal and Cardiovascular Diseases (TRECARD), Salamanca, Spain; Grupo de Investigación Biomédica en Cuidados Críticos (BioCritic), Valladolid, Spain
| | - Ana I Morales
- Unidad de Toxicología, Departamento de Fisiología y Farmacología, University of Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain; Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL-IESCYL), Salamanca, Spain; Group of Translational Research on Renal and Cardiovascular Diseases (TRECARD), Salamanca, Spain; Grupo de Investigación Biomédica en Cuidados Críticos (BioCritic), Valladolid, Spain
| | - Francisco J López-Hernández
- Unidad de Toxicología, Departamento de Fisiología y Farmacología, University of Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain; Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL-IESCYL), Salamanca, Spain; Group of Translational Research on Renal and Cardiovascular Diseases (TRECARD), Salamanca, Spain; Grupo de Investigación Biomédica en Cuidados Críticos (BioCritic), Valladolid, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Rollins K, Noorani A, Janeckova L, Jones T, Griffiths M, Baker MP, Boyle JR. Ascorbic acid ameliorates renal injury in a murine model of contrast-induced nephropathy. BMC Nephrol 2017; 18:101. [PMID: 28340561 PMCID: PMC5366137 DOI: 10.1186/s12882-017-0498-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Contrast induced nephropathy (CIN) is the commonest cause of iatrogenic renal injury and its incidence has increased with the advent of complex endovascular procedures. Evidence suggests that ascorbic acid (AA) has a nephroprotective effect in percutaneous coronary interventions when contrast media are used. A variety of biomarkers (NGAL, NGAL:creatinine, mononuclear cell infiltration, apoptosis and RBP-4) in both the urine and kidney were assayed using a mouse model of CIN in order to determine whether AA can reduce the incidence and/or severity of renal injury. METHODS Twenty-four BALB/c mice were divided into 4 groups. Three groups were exposed to high doses of contrast media (omnipaque) in a well-established model of CIN, and then treated with low or high dose AA or placebo (saline). CIN severity was determined by measurement of urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL):creatinine at specific time intervals. Histological analysis was performed to determine the level of mononuclear inflammatory infiltration as well as immunohistochemistry to determine apoptosis in the glomeruli by staining for activated caspase-3 and DNA nicking (TUNEL assays). Reverse transcriptase PCR (rtPCR) of mRNA transcripts prepared from mRNA extracted from mouse kidneys was also performed for both lipocalin-2 (Lcn2) encoding NGAL and retinol binding protein-6 (RBP4) genes. NGAL protein expression was also confirmed by ELISA analysis of kidney lysates. RESULTS Urinary NGAL:creatinine ratio was significantly lower at 48 h with a 44% and 62% (204.3μg/mmol versus 533.6μg/mmol, p = 0.049) reduction in the low and high dose AA groups, respectively. The reduced urinary NGAL:creatinine ratio remained low throughout the time period assessed (up to 96 h) in the high dose AA group. In support of the urinary analysis ELISA analysis of NGAL in kidney lysates also showed a 57% reduction (12,576 ng/ml versus 29,393 ng/ml) reduction in the low dose AA group. Immunohistochemistry for apoptosis demonstrated decreased TUNEL and caspase-3 expression in both low and high dose AA groups. CONCLUSIONS Ascorbic acid reduced the frequency and severity of renal injury in this murine model of CIN. Further work is required to establish whether AA can reduce the incidence of CIN in humans undergoing endovascular procedures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K. Rollins
- National Institute for Health Research Nottingham Digestive Diseases Biomedical Research Unit, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Queen’s Medical Centre, Nottingham, UK
| | - A. Noorani
- Cambridge Vascular Unit, Addenbrookes Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - L. Janeckova
- Antitope Ltd, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - T. Jones
- Antitope Ltd, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - M. Griffiths
- Department of Histopathology, Addenbrookes Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - M. P. Baker
- Antitope Ltd, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - J. R. Boyle
- Cambridge Vascular Unit, Addenbrookes Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Vicente-Vicente L, Casanova AG, Hernández-Sánchez MT, Pescador M, López-Hernández FJ, Morales AI. A systematic meta-analysis on the efficacy of pre-clinically tested nephroprotectants at preventing aminoglycoside nephrotoxicity. Toxicology 2016; 377:14-24. [PMID: 27940129 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2016.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Revised: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Nephrotoxicity limits the use of aminoglycoside antibiotics. Kidney damage is produced mainly in the renal tubule due to an inflammatory and oxidative process. At preclinical level, many drugs and natural products have been tested as prospective protectors of aminoglycoside nephrotoxicity. The main objective of this work was to make a systematic literature review of preclinical studies about aminoglycoside nephrotoxicity protection and a statistical analysis based on the meta-analysis methodology. Studies published up to January 2016 were identified. After applying inclusion criteria, 54 studies were chosen. The size of the experimental groups, means and standard deviations of data on renal function (i.e. plasma creatinine and blood urea nitrogen [BUN] concentrations) were extracted and registered in a database. The studies were grouped according to the mechanism of nephroprotection and their route of administration. The Mean Difference (95% confidence interval) was calculated for each study and group. 40 of 54 products tested produced an amelioration of aminoglycoside nephrotoxicity based on creatinine results. Also a dose dependent protective effect was observed (both in creatinine and BUN). Products orally administered were more effective than via i.p. Products with attributed antioxidant activity were the most used and those which proved statistically significant nephroprotection as a class effect. Aminoglycoside tubular reuptake inhibitors, excretion inducers and calcium channel blockers also showed a promising and rather homogeneous class tendency towards nephroprotection, although more research is necessary to obtain solid and conclusive results, based on a larger number of studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Vicente-Vicente
- Unidad de Toxicología, Departamento de Fisiología y Farmacología, University of Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL)-Instituto de Estudios de Ciencias de la Salud de Castilla y León (IESCYL), Salamanca, Spain; Group of Translational Research on Renal and Cardiovascular Diseases (TRECARD), Salamanca, Spain; Grupo de Investigación Biomédica en Cuidados Críticos (BioCritic), Valladolid, Spain
| | - Alfredo G Casanova
- Unidad de Toxicología, Departamento de Fisiología y Farmacología, University of Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL)-Instituto de Estudios de Ciencias de la Salud de Castilla y León (IESCYL), Salamanca, Spain; Group of Translational Research on Renal and Cardiovascular Diseases (TRECARD), Salamanca, Spain; Grupo de Investigación Biomédica en Cuidados Críticos (BioCritic), Valladolid, Spain
| | - María Teresa Hernández-Sánchez
- Unidad de Toxicología, Departamento de Fisiología y Farmacología, University of Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL)-Instituto de Estudios de Ciencias de la Salud de Castilla y León (IESCYL), Salamanca, Spain; Group of Translational Research on Renal and Cardiovascular Diseases (TRECARD), Salamanca, Spain; Grupo de Investigación Biomédica en Cuidados Críticos (BioCritic), Valladolid, Spain
| | - Moisés Pescador
- Unidad de Toxicología, Departamento de Fisiología y Farmacología, University of Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain; Group of Translational Research on Renal and Cardiovascular Diseases (TRECARD), Salamanca, Spain; Grupo de Investigación Biomédica en Cuidados Críticos (BioCritic), Valladolid, Spain
| | - Francisco J López-Hernández
- Unidad de Toxicología, Departamento de Fisiología y Farmacología, University of Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL)-Instituto de Estudios de Ciencias de la Salud de Castilla y León (IESCYL), Salamanca, Spain; Group of Translational Research on Renal and Cardiovascular Diseases (TRECARD), Salamanca, Spain; Grupo de Investigación Biomédica en Cuidados Críticos (BioCritic), Valladolid, Spain
| | - Ana Isabel Morales
- Unidad de Toxicología, Departamento de Fisiología y Farmacología, University of Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL)-Instituto de Estudios de Ciencias de la Salud de Castilla y León (IESCYL), Salamanca, Spain; Group of Translational Research on Renal and Cardiovascular Diseases (TRECARD), Salamanca, Spain; Grupo de Investigación Biomédica en Cuidados Críticos (BioCritic), Valladolid, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Abstract
Blood glucose-lowering treatment options generally target insulin action or beta-cell function. In diabetes, expression of the sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) genes is up-regulated and renal threshold increased, resulting in increased glucose reabsorption from glomerular filtrate, reducing urinary glucose excretion and worsening the hyperglycemic condition. The SGLT2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) are a novel class of anti-diabetic drugs that lower blood glucose levels through the suppression of renal glucose reabsorption thereby promoting renal glucose excretion. The efficacy of SGLT2i is reduced in renal impairment because the ability of glucose-lowering is directly proportional to glomerular filtration rate. On the other hand, ongoing research suggests that SGLT2i may offer potential nephroprotection in diabetes. The SGLT2i have been shown to reduce glomerular hyperfiltration, systemic and intraglomerular pressure and the biochemical progression of chronic kidney disease. Additional mechanisms through which SGLT2i exert nephroprotection may include normalizing blood pressure and uricemia. This review explores this bidirectional relationship of the SGLT2i and the glomerulus. While SGLT2i exhibit reduced efficacy in later stages, they exhibit nephroprotective effects in early stages of renal impairment. Funding: Janssen India (Pharmaceutical division of Johnson & Johnson).
Collapse
|
39
|
Sridharan B, Ganesh RN, Viswanathan P. Polyacrylic acid attenuates ethylene glycol induced hyperoxaluric damage and prevents crystal aggregation in vitro and in vivo. Chem Biol Interact 2016; 252:36-46. [PMID: 27018375 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2016.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2015] [Revised: 03/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/20/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The study explores calcium oxalate crystal inhibiting characteristic of polyacrylic acid (pAA), an anionic polymer in in vitro and in vivo. Animals were divided into 5 groups where group 1 served as control, group 2 were made hyperoxaluric by supplementing with Ethylene glycol (EG) 0.75% (v/v) for 30 days. Group 3, 4 & 5 were also given with EG and treated simultaneously with 2.5, 5 & 10 mg of pAA/kg of body weight, respectively. Urine, serum and tissue analyses along with histological studies were performed at the end of the 30 days study. In vitro crystallization was significantly inhibited by pAA and further it was supported by particle size analyses, XRD and FT-IR studies. Toxicological analyses showed that pAA was safe to use in animals at concentrations below 100 mg/kg BW. In vivo anti-urolithic study showed significant improvement in urinary lithogenic factors (calcium, oxalate, phosphate, citrate & magnesium) and renal function parameters (creatinine, urea and protein). Tissue analyses on anti-oxidant enzyme activity and lipid peroxides showed maintenance of tissue antioxidant status in the pAA supplemented rats and histological studies demonstrated the nephroprotection offered by pAA and were concurrent to the biochemical analyses. Supplementation of pAA not only reduces the crystal aggregation but also regulates the expression and localization of crystal inhibiting proteins and gene expression of inflammatory cytokines in experimental animals. In summary, pAA is a potent anti-urolithic agent in rats and we can propose that 10 mg/kg body weight is the effective dosage of pAA and this concentration can be used for further studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Badrinathan Sridharan
- Renal Research Lab, Centre for Biomedical Research, School of Biosciences and Technology, VIT University, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Rajesh Nachiappa Ganesh
- Department of Pathology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Dhanvantri Nagar, Puducherry, India
| | - Pragasam Viswanathan
- Renal Research Lab, Centre for Biomedical Research, School of Biosciences and Technology, VIT University, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Quirós Y, Blanco-Gozalo V, Sanchez-Gallego JI, López-Hernandez FJ, Ruiz J, Perez de Obanos MP, López-Novoa JM. Cardiotrophin-1 therapy prevents gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. Pharmacol Res 2016; 107:137-146. [PMID: 26996880 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2016.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2015] [Revised: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Aminoglycosides are very effective antibiotics for the treatment of severe infections, but they rank among the most frequent causes of drug-induced nephrotoxicity. Thus, prevention of aminoglycoside nephrotoxicity is an unmet therapeutic objective. Cardiotrophin-1 (CT-1), a member of the IL-6 family of cytokines, has been reported to protect the kidney against toxic and ischemic acute kidney injury (AKI). We have assessed the effect of rat CT-1 in the severity of gentamicin (G)-induced AKI. Groups of male Wistar rats received the following for 6 consecutive days: i) isotonic saline solution (group CONT), ii) G, 150mg/kg/day, i.p. (group G), iii) CT-1, 100μg/kg/day i.v. (group CT-1), or iv) G and CT-1 at the doses described above. The G group showed a manifest AKI characterized by low creatinine clearance, high plasma creatinine and urea levels, increased urinary excretion of proteins, glucose and AKI markers such as N-acetyl-glucosaminidase, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, kidney-injury molecule-1 and T-gelsolin, increased kidney levels of CD-68, iNOS, IL-1β and TNF-α, and markedly higher histological renal damage and leukocyte infiltration than the CONT and CT-1 groups. Administration of CT-1 together with G reduced almost all of the above-described manifestations of G-induced AKI. The results of this study have potential clinical application, as CT-1 is near to being used as a drug for organ protection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Francisco J López-Hernandez
- Unidad de Fisiopatología Renal y Cardiovascular, Departamento de Fisiología y Farmacología, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain; Instituto de Estudios de Ciencias de la Salud de Castilla y León (IESCYL), Salamanca, Spain
| | | | | | - José M López-Novoa
- Unidad de Fisiopatología Renal y Cardiovascular, Departamento de Fisiología y Farmacología, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Saha S, Sadhukhan P, Sinha K, Agarwal N, Sil PC. Mangiferin attenuates oxidative stress induced renal cell damage through activation of PI3K induced Akt and Nrf-2 mediated signaling pathways. Biochem Biophys Rep 2016; 5:313-327. [PMID: 28955838 PMCID: PMC5600319 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2016.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2015] [Revised: 12/28/2015] [Accepted: 01/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mangiferin is a polyphenolic xanthonoid with remarkable antioxidant activity. Oxidative stress plays the key role in tert-butyl hydroperoxide (tBHP) induced renal cell damage. In this scenario, we consider mangiferin, as a safe agent in tBHP induced renal cell death and rationalize its action systematically, in normal human kidney epithelial cells (NKE). Methods NKE cells were exposed to 20 µM mangiferin for 2 h followed by 50 µM tBHP for 18 h. The effect on endogenous ROS production, antioxidant status (antioxidant enzymes and thiols), mitochondrial membrane potential, apoptotic signaling molecules, PI3K mediated signaling cascades and cell cycle progression were examined using various biochemical assays, FACS and immunoblot analyses. Results tBHP exposure damaged the NKE cells and decreased its viability. It also elevated the intracellular ROS and other oxidative stress-related biomarkers within the cells. However, mangiferin dose dependently, exhibited significant protection against this oxidative cellular damage. Mangiferin inhibited tBHP induced activation of different pro-apoptotic signals and thus protected the renal cells against mitochondrial permeabilization. Further, mangiferin enhanced the expression of cell proliferative signaling cascade molecules, Cyclin d1, NFκB and antioxidant molecules HO-1, SOD2, by PI3K/Akt dependent pathway. However, the inhibitor of PI3K abolished mangiferin's protective activity. Conclusions Results show Mangiferin maintains the intracellular anti-oxidant status, induces the expression of PI3K and its downstream molecules and shields NKE cells against the tBHP induced cytotoxicity. General significance Mangiferin can be indicated as a therapeutic agent in oxidative stress-mediated renal toxicity. This protective action of mangiferin primarily attributes to its potent antioxidant and antiapoptotic nature. Mangiferin relives oxidative stress on tBHP induced renal cytotoxicity. Mangiferin reduces tBHP-induced renal cell apoptosis. PI3K has been found to be the pivotal target of mangiferin. Mangiferin positively regulates cell cycle by modulating GSK3β and cyclin D1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sukanya Saha
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, P-1/12, CIT Scheme VII M, Kolkata 700054, India
| | - Pritam Sadhukhan
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, P-1/12, CIT Scheme VII M, Kolkata 700054, India
| | - Krishnendu Sinha
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, P-1/12, CIT Scheme VII M, Kolkata 700054, India
| | - Namrata Agarwal
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, P-1/12, CIT Scheme VII M, Kolkata 700054, India
| | - Parames C Sil
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, P-1/12, CIT Scheme VII M, Kolkata 700054, India
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Ferjani H, El Arem A, Bouraoui A, Achour A, Abid S, Bacha H, Boussema-Ayed I. Protective effect of mycophenolate mofetil against nephrotoxicity and hepatotoxicity induced by tacrolimus in Wistar rats. J Physiol Biochem 2016; 72:133-44. [PMID: 26746208 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-015-0451-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2015] [Accepted: 11/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Tacrolimus (TAC), a calcineurin inhibitor (CNI), is clinically used as an immunosuppressive agent in the transplant recipient; however, the use of TAC is greatly limited by its nephrotoxicity and hepatotoxicity. Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF), an inhibitor of the purine synthesis, has been used in combination with many immunosuppressive drugs such as TAC. The association TAC/MMF was used in organ transplantation to increase the efficiency and reduce acute rejection rates, but the effects of MMF on TAC-induced kidney and liver injuries are still not well investigated. The aims of this study are to explore whether MMF co-administration with TAC has a renoprotective and hepatoprotective effect against TAC-induced renal and hepatic injuries and to check the implication of oxidative stress in the MMF's possible protective effect. Our results showed that MMF (at 50 mg kg(-1) body weight (b.w.)) restored creatinine, in addition to increased AST and ALT levels by TAC (at 60 mg kg(-1) b.w.). Furthermore, MMF decreased DNA damage induced by TAC in the kidney and liver of rats as assessed by comet assay. This renoprotective and hepatoprotective effect of MMF was associated with an antioxidant effect. In fact, MMF co-treatment with TAC decreased oxidative damage induced by TAC. It reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) and protein carbonyl (PC) levels as well as catalase and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities. We conclude that the co-administration MMF with TAC protect liver and kidney against TAC toxicity via an antioxidant process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hanen Ferjani
- Laboratory of Research on Biologically Compatible Compounds, Dental Medicine Faculty, 5019, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Amira El Arem
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biology Integrative and Valorization, Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Monastir, Avenue Tahar Hadded, BP 74, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Aicha Bouraoui
- Laboratory of Research on Biologically Compatible Compounds, Dental Medicine Faculty, 5019, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Abedellatif Achour
- Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplant, University Hospital of Sahloul, 4021, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Salwa Abid
- Laboratory of Research on Biologically Compatible Compounds, Dental Medicine Faculty, 5019, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Hassen Bacha
- Laboratory of Research on Biologically Compatible Compounds, Dental Medicine Faculty, 5019, Monastir, Tunisia.
| | - Imen Boussema-Ayed
- Laboratory of Research on Biologically Compatible Compounds, Dental Medicine Faculty, 5019, Monastir, Tunisia
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Carvalho Rodrigues MA, dos Santos NAG, da Silva Faria MC, Rodrigues JL, Kinoshita A, Baffa O, Antunes LMG, Barbosa F, Gobe GC, dos Santos AC. Carvedilol protects the kidneys of tumor-bearing mice without impairing the biodistribution or the genotoxicity of cisplatin. Chem Biol Interact 2016; 245:59-65. [PMID: 26751708 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2015.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Revised: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 12/29/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Cisplatin (Cisp) is an effective antitumor drug; however, it causes severe nephrotoxicity. Minimization of renal toxicity is essential, but the interference of nephroprotective agents, particularly antioxidants, with the antitumor activity of cisplatin is a general concern. We have recently demonstrated that the anti-hypertensive and antioxidant drug carvedilol (CV) protects against the renal damage and increases the survival of tumor-bearing mice without impairing the tumor reduction by cisplatin. So far, reports on the antioxidant mechanism of CV are controversial and there are no data on the impact of CV on the antitumor mechanisms of cisplatin. Therefore, this study addresses the effect of CV on mechanisms underlying the tumor control by cisplatin. CV did not interfere with the biodistribution or the genotoxicity of cisplatin. We also addressed the antioxidant mechanisms of CV and demonstrated that it does not neutralize free radicals, but is an efficient chelator of ferrous ions that are relevant catalyzers in cisplatin nephrotoxicity. The present data suggest that oxidative damage and genotoxicity play different roles in the toxicity of cisplatin on kidneys and tumors and therefore, some antioxidants might be safe as chemoprotectors. Altogether, our studies provide consistent evidence of the beneficial effect of CV on animals treated with cisplatin and might encourage clinical trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria A Carvalho Rodrigues
- Centro Universitário do Distrito Federal, UDF, SEP/SUL EQ704/904 Conj.A, Brasilia/DF, CEP 70390-045, Brazil
| | - Neife A G dos Santos
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto-USP, Av. do Café s/n, 14040-903, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcia C da Silva Faria
- Universidade Federal do Vale do Jequitinhona e Mucuri, UFVJM, Campus do Mucuri, Teófilo Otoni/MG, Rua do Cruzeiro, nº 01 - Jardim, São Paulo, CEP 39803-371, Brazil
| | - Jairo Lisboa Rodrigues
- Universidade Federal do Vale do Jequitinhona e Mucuri, UFVJM, Campus do Mucuri, Teófilo Otoni/MG, Rua do Cruzeiro, nº 01 - Jardim, São Paulo, CEP 39803-371, Brazil
| | - Angela Kinoshita
- Departamento de Física, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto - USP, Avenida do Café s/n, 14040-901, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Oswaldo Baffa
- Departamento de Física, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto - USP, Avenida do Café s/n, 14040-901, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Lusania M Greggi Antunes
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto-USP, Av. do Café s/n, 14040-903, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Fernando Barbosa
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto-USP, Av. do Café s/n, 14040-903, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Glenda C Gobe
- Centre for Kidney Disease Research, School of Medicine, The University of Queensland at Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - Antonio Cardozo dos Santos
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto-USP, Av. do Café s/n, 14040-903, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Osman AMM, Telity SA, Telity SA, Damanhouri ZA, Al-Harthy SE, Al-Kreathy HM, Ramadan WS, Elshal MF, Khan LM, Kamel F. Chemosensitizing and nephroprotective effect of resveratrol in cisplatin -treated animals. Cancer Cell Int 2015; 15:6. [PMID: 25709558 PMCID: PMC4337247 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-014-0152-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2014] [Accepted: 12/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cisplatin (CIS) is one of the most effective anticancer drug used in the treatment of several solid tumors .Its use is limited by its nephrotoxicity. The present study was designed to assess the role of a natural product resveratrol (RSVL) on sensitization of mammary carcinoma (Ehrlich ascites carcinoma) to the action of CIS and the possible protective effect against CIS-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. Methods The percent survival of female tumor bearing mice was used for determination the cytotoxic activity of CIS in the presence or the absence of RSVL. Uptake and cell cycle effect, serum creatinine (CREA), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), Reduced Glutathione (GSH) and histopatholgical examination of kidney tissues after CIS and/or RSVL therapy were also investigated. Results RSVL increased the intracellular level of CIS in EAC cells and there was a strong correlation between the high cellular level of CIS and its cytotoxicity. CIS at a dose level of 5 mg/kg increased the mean survival time of female tumor bearing mice to 25 days compared with 17 days for tumor-bearing control mice. Administration of RSVL at a dose level of 25 mg/kg simultaneously with CIS increased the mean survival time to 48 days with 60% survival of the tumor-bearing animals. Cell cycle analysis of tumor cells showed that CIS treatment decreases the proliferation index of tumor cells while in presence of RSVL there was more significant inhibitions. Also, CIS treatment caused increase in level of creatinine and blood urea with significant decrease in the GSH level. While, in the presence of RSVL, level of creatinine and blood urea restored to control level. Conclusion This study suggests that RSVL could increase the cytotoxic activity of CIS and protect against its nephrotoxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdel-Moneim M Osman
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. box 80205, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia ; Pharmacology unit, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, 11796 Egypt
| | | | - Saud A Telity
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. box 80205, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zoheir A Damanhouri
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. box 80205, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sameer E Al-Harthy
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. box 80205, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Huda M Al-Kreathy
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. box 80205, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wafaa S Ramadan
- Anatomy Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdul Aziz University, P.O. box 80205, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed F Elshal
- Department of biochemistry, Faculty of science, king abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia ; Molecular Biology and Genetic engineering and Biotechnology Department, Minoufia Universitym Minoufia, Minoufia, Egypt
| | - Lateef M Khan
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. box 80205, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatemah Kamel
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. box 80205, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Bunel V, Antoine MH, Nortier J, Duez P, Stévigny C. Nephroprotective effects of ferulic acid, Z-ligustilide and E-ligustilide isolated from Angelica sinensis against cisplatin toxicity in vitro. Toxicol In Vitro 2015; 29:458-67. [PMID: 25561245 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2014.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2014] [Revised: 11/20/2014] [Accepted: 12/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Cisplatin (CisPt), a chemotherapeutic drug applied against solid tumors, is highly detrimental to the kidney. The risk of acute kidney injury implies adequate patient hydration to ensure sufficient diuresis; this strategy, now implemented in clinical practice, remains however incompletely satisfactory. New pharmacological approaches relying on the discovery of bioactive compounds need to be developed. Based on previous studies reporting renoprotective activities for extracts of Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels roots, three of its major active compounds, ferulic acid, Z-ligustilide and E-ligustilide, were investigated for possible alleviation of CisPt-induced nephrotoxicity. Five phenomena involved in acute kidney injury and subsequent fibrosis were investigated: (i) modulation of cell survival via reduction of the apoptosis rate; (ii) reduction of oxidative stress; (iii) improvement of tubular regeneration capacities through proliferation and migration; (iv) limitation of extracellular matrix and collagen deposition; and (v) prevention of the dedifferentiation processes via the β-catenin pathway. Ferulic acid emerged as the most potent compound for alleviating cell death and collagen deposition, and for enhancing cell regeneration capacities. It also partially inhibited the β-catenin pathway, but was ineffective in lowering oxidative stress. Z- and E-ligustilides, however, were effective for limiting the oxidative stress, but only moderately affected other parameters. Ferulic acid appears to be a promising nephroprotective drug lead deserving further preclinical investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valérian Bunel
- Laboratory of Experimental Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium; Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Bromatology and Human Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmacy, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Marie-Hélène Antoine
- Laboratory of Experimental Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Joëlle Nortier
- Laboratory of Experimental Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Pierre Duez
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Bromatology and Human Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmacy, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium; Laboratory of Therapeutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Université de Mons (UMONS), Mons, Belgium
| | - Caroline Stévigny
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Bromatology and Human Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmacy, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Hismiogullari AA, Hismiogullari SE, Karaca O, Sunay FB, Paksoy S, Can M, Kus I, Seyrek K, Yavuz O. The protective effect of curcumin administration on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. Pharmacol Rep 2014; 67:410-6. [PMID: 25933946 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2014.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2014] [Revised: 10/24/2014] [Accepted: 10/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of the present study was to examine the protective effect of curcumin (CUR) on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced nephrotoxicity to evaluate the detailed mechanisms by which CUR exerts its protective action. METHODS Thirty male Wistar-Albino rats weighing 250-300 g were randomly divided into three groups: administrations of olive oil (control, po), CCl4 (0.5mg/kg in olive oil sc) every other day for 3 weeks, and CCl4 (0.5mg/kg in olive oil sc) plus CUR (200mg/kg) every day for 3 weeks. RESULTS Administration of CCl4 significantly (p<0.001) increased the levels of renal function test such as creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN). Furthermore, treatment of CCl4 significantly elevated the oxidant status of renal tissues while decreasing its anti-oxidant status (p<0.001). CUR displayed a renal protective effect as evident by significant decrease in inflammation and apoptosis during histopathological examination. The administration of CCl4 resulted in an increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) production due to an increase in membrane lipid peroxidation; however, the administration of CUR attenuated this, probably via its antioxidant and free radical scavenging properties. CONCLUSION The finding of our study indicates that CUR may have an important role to play in protecting the kidney from oxidative insult.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adnan A Hismiogullari
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Balikesir University, Balikesir, Turkey.
| | - Sahver E Hismiogullari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Balkesir University, Balikesir, Turkey
| | - Omur Karaca
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Balikesir University, Balikesir, Turkey
| | - Fatma B Sunay
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Balikesir University, Balikesir, Turkey
| | - Serpil Paksoy
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Balikesir University, Balikesir, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Can
- Department of Anatomy, School of Veterinary Medicine, Balikesir University, Balikesir, Turkey
| | - Iter Kus
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Balikesir University, Balikesir, Turkey
| | - Kamil Seyrek
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Balikesir University, Balikesir, Turkey
| | - Ozlem Yavuz
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Balikesir University, Balikesir, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Alqasoumi SI. Evaluation of the hepatroprotective and nephroprotective activities of Scrophularia hypericifolia growing in Saudi Arabia. Saudi Pharm J 2014; 22:258-63. [PMID: 25061411 PMCID: PMC4099573 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2013.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2013] [Accepted: 12/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The hepatroprotective and nephroprotective effects of the ethanol extract of the aerial parts of Scrophularia hypericifolia growing in Saudi Arabia were evaluated at 250 and 500 mg kg(-1) doses using Wistar albino rats as experimental animal model. Toxic doses of paracetamol were used to induce liver and kidney toxicities, while the standard drug silymarin was used as reference. The biochemical parameters such as aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) and total bilirubin were estimated as reflections of the liver condition. Kidney condition was investigated through measurement of serum urea, serum creatinine, sodium and potassium levels. Liver and kidney samples of rats treated with 500 mg kg(-1) of the extract were subjected to the histopathological study. The ethanol extract of the aerial parts of S. hypericifolia showed dose dependent moderate level of protection against paracetamol induced hepatrotoxicity and nephrotoxicity as indicated from the obtained results. The reduction of the sodium and potassium levels by the higher dose of the extract exceeded that obtained by silymarin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saleh I. Alqasoumi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Casali CI, Weber K, Faggionato D, Gómez EM, Tome MCF. Coordinate regulation between the nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ and cyclooxygenase-2 in renal epithelial cells. Biochem Pharmacol 2014; 90:432-9. [PMID: 24915420 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2014.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2014] [Revised: 06/02/2014] [Accepted: 06/02/2014] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are ligand-dependent transcription factors involved in lipid metabolism and glucose utilization, in cell growth, differentiation and apoptosis, and in the regulation of pro-inflammatory genes expression such as cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). PPARγ is the main isoform in the renal inner medulla where it is believed to possess nephroprotective actions. In this kidney zone, COX-2 acts as an osmoprotective gene and its expression is modulated by changes in interstitial osmolarity. In the present work we evaluated whether hyperosmolar-induced COX-2 expression is modulated by PPARγ in renal epithelial cells MDCK subjected to high NaCl medium. The results presented herein show that ligand-activated PPARγ repressed COX-2 expression. But more important, the present findings show that hyperosmolar medium decreased PPARγ protein and increases the PPARγ phosphorylated form, which is inactive. ERK1/2 and p38 activation precedes PPARγ disappearance and induced-COX-2 expression. Therefore, the decrease in PPARγ expression is required for hyperosmotic induction of COX-2. We also found that PGE2, the main product of COX-2 in MDCK cells, induced these changes in PPARγ protein. Our results may alert on the long term use of thiazolidinediones (TZD) since they could affect renal medullary function that depends on COX-2 for cellular protection against osmotic stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia I Casali
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Buenos Aires Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires C1113AAD, Argentina; IQUIFIB-CONICET, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires C1113AAD, Argentina
| | - Karen Weber
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Buenos Aires Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires C1113AAD, Argentina; IQUIFIB-CONICET, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires C1113AAD, Argentina
| | - Daniela Faggionato
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Buenos Aires Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires C1113AAD, Argentina
| | - Emanuel Morel Gómez
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Buenos Aires Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires C1113AAD, Argentina
| | - María C Fernández Tome
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Buenos Aires Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires C1113AAD, Argentina; IQUIFIB-CONICET, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires C1113AAD, Argentina.
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Hermenean A, Ardelean A, Stan M, Herman H, Mihali CV, Costache M, Dinischiotu A. Protective effects of naringenin on carbon tetrachloride-induced acute nephrotoxicity in mouse kidney. Chem Biol Interact. 2013;205:138-147. [PMID: 23845967 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2013.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2013] [Revised: 06/16/2013] [Accepted: 06/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The ability of naringenin (NGN) to protect the kidney against CCl4-induced renal toxicity in male Swiss mice was investigated. The flavonoid was given orally to mice for 7days and then on the 8th day, these were intraperitoneally injected with 10mmol/kg CCl4. When the toxicant was administrated alone, an increase of malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration was observed and a significant decrease in superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) glutathione-peroxidase (GPx) specific activities as well as glutathione (GSH) levels was detected after 24h. These were accompanied by glomerular and tubular degenerations, vascular congestion, necrosis and fatty changes. Marked collagen deposition and strong TGF-β1 expression were observed mainly in the mesangial cells of the glomeruli and tubulointerstitial areas. Ultrastructural investigations showed proximal and distal tubular epithelial cells alterations including numerous lysosomes and dense granular bodies, altered mitochondria, appearance of "myeloid bodies" and basal enfolding dilatation. Pre-treatment with NGN resulted in the return of biochemical markers to control values. Histopathological and electron-microscopic examinations confirmed the biochemical results. In conclusion, NGN showed antioxidant and renal protective effects against injuries induced by CCl4.
Collapse
|
50
|
Abstract
It has been estimated that about 20% of men and 25% of women between the ages of 65 and 74 have some degrees of chronic kidney. This complication is attributed to oxidative stress. Oxidative stress is an important factor contributing to kidney damage by increasing production of oxidants, particularly insufficiency of endogenous antioxidant defense system. Medicinal plants antioxidants are able to ameliorate oxidative induced kidney damage by reduction of lipid peroxidation and enhancement of scavenging ability of antioxidant defense system. Supplementation of medicinal plants antioxidants might be considered important remedies to abrogate pathology of oxidative stress induced kidney damage, however, single antioxidants do not act the same and might not be beneficial.
Collapse
|